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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Kilwardby" title="Robert Kilwardby – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Robert Kilwardby" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Kilwardby" title="Robert Kilwardby – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Robert Kilwardby" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Kilwardby" title="Robert Kilwardby – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Robert Kilwardby" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Kilwardby" title="Robert Kilwardby – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Robert Kilwardby" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%91%D7%99" title="רוברט קילוורדבי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רוברט קילוורדבי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Kilwardby" title="Robert Kilwardby – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Robert Kilwardby" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A8%D9%89" title="روبيرت كيلواردبى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="روبيرت كيلواردبى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Kilwardby" title="Robert Kilwardby – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Robert Kilwardby" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B1%D0%B8,_%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82" title="Килуордби, Роберт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Килуордби, Роберт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Kilwardby" title="Robert Kilwardby – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Robert Kilwardby" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B1%D1%96" title="Роберт Кілвордбі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Роберт Кілвордбі" data-language-autonym="Українська" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Archbishop of Canterbury from 1272 to 1278</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;color: #202122; background-color: #FFA4A4;"><div style="display:inline" class="fn">Robert Kilwardby</div><br /><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;display:inline;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Preachers" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of Preachers">OP</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader role"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholicism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal (Catholicism)">Cardinal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Primate_(bishop)" title="Primate (bishop)">Primate of All England</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Robert_Kilwardby.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Robert Kilwardby" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Robert_Kilwardby.jpg/220px-Robert_Kilwardby.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="410" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/44/Robert_Kilwardby.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="255" data-file-height="475" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Appointed</th><td class="infobox-data">11 October 1272</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Term ended</th><td class="infobox-data">5 June 1278</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_Chillenden" title="William Chillenden">William Chillenden</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Burnell" title="Robert Burnell">Robert Burnell</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other post(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Bishop_of_Porto_and_Santa_Rufina" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal Bishop of Porto and Santa Rufina">Cardinal Bishop of Porto and Santa Rufina</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Orders</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Consecration</th><td class="infobox-data">26 February 1273<br />by <a href="/wiki/William_of_Bitton_II" class="mw-redirect" title="William of Bitton II">William of Bitton <i>(II.)</i></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created cardinal</th><td class="infobox-data">12 March 1278</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_bishop" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal bishop">Cardinal bishop</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background-color:#DDDDDD;">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/circa" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:circa">c.</a> 1215<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">11 September 1279<br /><a href="/wiki/Viterbo" title="Viterbo">Viterbo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Buried</th><td class="infobox-data">Dominican convent, Viterbo</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Paris" title="University of Paris">University of Paris</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><div style="font-weight:bold; background-color: #FFCF00 ;"> <span style="font-size:100%">Ordination history</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:100%; padding-left:2em; background-color:#eee"><span style="font-size:100%;">History</span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#f2f2f2;"><div style="background:#f2f2f2; border-bottom: 3px solid #800080; border-top: 3px solid #800080">Episcopal consecration</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Principal consecrator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/William_of_Bitton_II" class="mw-redirect" title="William of Bitton II">Bishop William of Bitton <i>(II.)</i></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Co-consecrators</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_of_Ely" title="Nicholas of Ely">Nicholas of Ely</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hugh_Belsham&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hugh Belsham (page does not exist)">Hugh Belsham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">O.P.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Bronscombe" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter Bronscombe">Walter Bronscombe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Godfrey_Giffard" title="Godfrey Giffard">Godfrey Giffard</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anian_Schonaw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anian Schonaw (page does not exist)">Anian Schonaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">O.P.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">26 February 1273</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#f2f2f2;"><div style="background:#f2f2f2; border-bottom: 3px solid #FF2400; border-top: 3px solid #FF2400">Cardinalate</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Elevated by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pope_Nicholas_III" title="Pope Nicholas III">Pope Nicholas III</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data">12 March 1278</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:100%; padding-left:2em; background-color:#eee"><span style="font-size:100%;">Episcopal succession</span></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><div style="background:#f2f2f2; border-bottom: 3px solid #800080; border-top: 3px solid #800080">Bishops consecrated by Robert Kilwardby as principal consecrator</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wickhampton" title="Robert Wickhampton">Robert Wickhampton</a></th><td class="infobox-data">13 May 1274</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Walter_de_Merton" title="Walter de Merton">Walter de Merton</a></th><td class="infobox-data">21 October 1274</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cantilupe" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Cantilupe">Saint Thomas Cantilupe</a></th><td class="infobox-data">8 September 1275</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gerard_Grandison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gerard Grandison (page does not exist)">Gerard Grandison</a></th><td class="infobox-data">29 March 1276</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/William_Middleton_(bishop)" title="William Middleton (bishop)">Bishop William Middleton</a></th><td class="infobox-data">29 May 1278</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/John_Bradfield_(bishop)" title="John Bradfield (bishop)">John Bradfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/O.S.B." class="mw-redirect" title="O.S.B.">O.S.B.</a></th><td class="infobox-data">29 May 1278</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Robert Kilwardby</b> (<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/circa" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:circa">c.</a> 1215 – 11 September 1279) was an <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a> in England and a <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholicism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal (Catholicism)">cardinal</a>. Kilwardby was the first member of a <a href="/wiki/Mendicant_order" class="mw-redirect" title="Mendicant order">mendicant order</a> to attain a high ecclesiastical office in the English Church. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Kilwardby&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kilwardby studied at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Paris" title="University of Paris">University of Paris</a>, then was a teacher of <a href="/wiki/Grammar" title="Grammar">grammar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Logic" title="Logic">logic</a> there. He then joined the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominican Order</a> and studied <a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">theology</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Lawrence146_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lawrence146-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and became regent at <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University">Oxford University</a> before 1261,<sup id="cite_ref-Thought288_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thought288-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> probably by 1245.<sup id="cite_ref-Leff290_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leff290-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was named <a href="/wiki/Provincial_superior" title="Provincial superior">provincial</a> <a href="/wiki/Prior_(ecclesiastical)" title="Prior (ecclesiastical)">prior</a> of the Dominicans for England in 1261,<sup id="cite_ref-BHOCant_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BHOCant-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in October 1272 <a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_X" title="Pope Gregory X">Pope Gregory X</a> appointed him as <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a> to end a dispute over the election. Kilwardby was provided to the archbishopric on 11 October 1272, given the temporalities on 12 December 1272, and consecrated on 26 February 1273.<sup id="cite_ref-Handbook233_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Handbook233-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kilwardby crowned <a href="/wiki/Edward_I_of_England" title="Edward I of England">Edward I</a> and his wife <a href="/wiki/Eleanor_of_Castile" title="Eleanor of Castile">Eleanor</a> as king and queen of England in August 1274, but otherwise took little part in politics. He instead concentrated on his ecclesiastical duties, including charity to the poor and donating to the Dominicans.<sup id="cite_ref-Moorman371_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moorman371-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1278 <a href="/wiki/Pope_Nicholas_III" title="Pope Nicholas III">Pope Nicholas III</a> named Kilwardby <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Bishop_of_Porto_and_Santa_Rufina" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal Bishop of Porto and Santa Rufina">Cardinal Bishop of Porto and Santa Rufina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Princes173_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Princes173-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He then resigned Canterbury and left England,<sup id="cite_ref-Handbook233_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Handbook233-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> taking with him papers, registers and documents belonging to the see. He also left the see deep in debt again, after his predecessor had cleared the debt.<sup id="cite_ref-Moorman173_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moorman173-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While in theory this was a promotion, probably it was not, as the pope was unhappy with Kilwardby's support of efforts to resist the payment of papal revenues and with the lack of effort towards the reforms demanded at the <a href="/wiki/Second_Council_of_Lyon" title="Second Council of Lyon">Second Council of Lyon</a> in 1274.<sup id="cite_ref-Edward249_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edward249-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He died in Italy in 1279, and was buried in the Dominican convent in <a href="/wiki/Viterbo" title="Viterbo">Viterbo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Princes173_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Princes173-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reputation">Reputation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Kilwardby&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reputation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kilwardby's theological and philosophical views were summed up by <a href="/wiki/David_Knowles_(scholar)" title="David Knowles (scholar)">David Knowles</a> who said that he was a "conservative eclectic, holding the doctrine of seminal tendencies and opposing...the <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotelian</a> doctrine of the unity of form in beings, including man."<sup id="cite_ref-Thought249_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thought249-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some sources state that he was the author of <i>Summa Philosophiae</i>, a history and description of the schools of philosophical thought then current, but the writing style is not similar to his other works, and Knowles, for one, does not believe it was authored by Kilwardby.<sup id="cite_ref-Thought287_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thought287-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It has been alleged that Kilwardby was an opponent of <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a>. In 1277 he prohibited the teaching of thirty theses, some of which have been thought to touch upon Thomas Aquinas' teaching. Recent scholars, however, such as Roland Hissette, have challenged this interpretation.<sup id="cite_ref-Burton206_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Burton206-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Kilwardby&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Writings on grammar</b> </p> <ul><li>Commentaria Priscianus minor (A Commentary on the books 17 and 18 of Priscian's <i>Institutiones grammaticae</i>)</li></ul> <p><b>Writings on logic</b> </p> <ul><li>Notulae super librum Praedicamentorum</li> <li>Notulae super librum Perihermeneias</li> <li>Notule libri Priorum</li> <li>Notule libri Posteriorum</li> <li>Comentum super librum Topicorum</li> <li>Notulae super librum Porphyrii</li> <li>De natura relationis</li> <li>Priorum Analyticorum expositio</li> <li>Notuale super librum Sex Principiorum</li></ul> <p><b>Writings on natural philosophy</b> </p> <ul><li>De spiritu fantastico sive de receptione specierum</li> <li>De tempore</li></ul> <p><b>Writings on ethics</b> </p> <ul><li>Quaestiones supra libros Ethicorum</li> <li>Quaestiones in librum primum Sententiarum</li> <li>Quaestiones in librum secundum Sententiarum</li> <li>Quaestiones in librum tertium Sententiarum</li> <li>Quaestiones in librum quartum Sententiarum</li> <li>De ortu scientiarum</li></ul> <p><i>De tempore</i> has been edited and translated by <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Broadie" title="Alexander Broadie">Alexander Broadie</a>, and published as <i>On Time and Imagination, Part 2: Introduction and Translation</i>. A critical edition of <i>De orto scientiarum</i> was published by Albert G. Judy, for The Pontifical Institute of Mediaeval Studies in 1976. A critical edition of the four volumes of <i>Quaestiones in librum Sententiarum</i> was published in five volumes in 1982–1993 by Elisabeth Gössmann, Gerhard Leibold, Richard Schenk and Johannes Schneider for the <a href="/wiki/Bavarian_Academy_of_Sciences_and_Humanities" title="Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities">Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities</a>. </p><p>The <i>Notuel libri Priorum</i> (on Aristotle's <i>Prior Analytics</i>), has been edited and translated by Paul Thom and John Scott (Oxford: Published for the British Academy by Oxford University Press, 2015; two volumes). </p><p>Kilwardby was also the author of a summary of the writings of the <a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">Church Fathers</a>, arranged alphabetically, <i>Tabulae super Originalia Patrum</i>, edited by Daniel A. Callus (Bruges: De Tempel, 1948). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Kilwardby&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 40em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Lawrence146-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lawrence146_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lawrence "Thirteenth Century" <i>English Church and the Papacy</i> p. 146</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thought288-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Thought288_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Knowles <i>Evolution of Medieval Thought</i> p. 288</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leff290-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Leff290_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leff <i>Paris and Oxford Universities</i> pp. 290–293</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BHOCant-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BHOCant_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Greenway <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=33853">Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066-1300: Volume 2: Monastic Cathedrals (Northern and Southern Provinces): Canterbury: Archbishops</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Handbook233-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Handbook233_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Handbook233_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Fryde, et al. <i>Handbook of British Chronology</i> p. 233</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moorman371-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Moorman371_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moorman <i>Church Life</i> p. 371</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Princes173-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Princes173_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Princes173_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bellenger and Fletcher <i>Princes of the Church</i> p. 173</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moorman173-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Moorman173_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moorman <i>Church Life</i>, p. 173.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Edward249-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Edward249_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prestwich <i>Edward I</i> p. 249</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thought249-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Thought249_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Knowles <i>Evolution of Medieval Thought</i> p. 249</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Thought287-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Thought287_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Knowles <i>Evolution of Medieval Thought</i> p. 287</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Burton206-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Burton206_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Burton,<i>Monastic and Religious Orders</i> pp. 206–207</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Kilwardby&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 60em"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBellenger,_Dominic_AidanFletcher,_Stella2001" class="citation book cs1">Bellenger, Dominic Aidan; Fletcher, Stella (2001). <i>Princes of the Church: A History of the English Cardinals</i>. Stroud, UK: Sutton. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7509-2630-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7509-2630-9"><bdi>0-7509-2630-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Princes+of+the+Church%3A+A+History+of+the+English+Cardinals&rft.place=Stroud%2C+UK&rft.pub=Sutton&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-7509-2630-9&rft.au=Bellenger%2C+Dominic+Aidan&rft.au=Fletcher%2C+Stella&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Kilwardby" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurton,_Janet1994" class="citation book cs1">Burton, Janet (1994). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/monasticreligiou00burt"><i>Monastic and Religious Orders in Britain: 1000–1300</i></a></span>. Cambridge Medieval Textbooks. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-37797-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-37797-8"><bdi>0-521-37797-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Monastic+and+Religious+Orders+in+Britain%3A+1000%E2%80%931300&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&rft.series=Cambridge+Medieval+Textbooks&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-521-37797-8&rft.au=Burton%2C+Janet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmonasticreligiou00burt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Kilwardby" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClanchy,_C._T.1993" class="citation book cs1">Clanchy, C. T. (1993). <i>From Memory to Written Record: England 1066–1307</i> (Second ed.). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-631-16857-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-631-16857-7"><bdi>978-0-631-16857-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Memory+to+Written+Record%3A+England+1066%E2%80%931307&rft.place=Malden%2C+MA&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishing&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-631-16857-7&rft.au=Clanchy%2C+C.+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Kilwardby" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFryde,_E._B.Greenway,_D._E.Porter,_S.Roy,_I.1996" class="citation book cs1">Fryde, E. B.; Greenway, D. E.; Porter, S.; Roy, I. (1996). <i>Handbook of British Chronology</i> (Third Edition, revised ed.). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-56350-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-56350-X"><bdi>0-521-56350-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+British+Chronology&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+UK&rft.edition=Third+Edition%2C+revised&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0-521-56350-X&rft.au=Fryde%2C+E.+B.&rft.au=Greenway%2C+D.+E.&rft.au=Porter%2C+S.&rft.au=Roy%2C+I.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Kilwardby" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenway,_Diana_E.1971" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Greenway, Diana E. (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=33853">"Canterbury: Archbishops"</a>. <i>Fasti Ecclesiae Anglicanae 1066-1300</i>. Vol. 2: Monastic Cathedrals (Northern and Southern Provinces). Institute of Historical Research<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Canterbury%3A+Archbishops&rft.btitle=Fasti+Ecclesiae+Anglicanae+1066-1300&rft.pub=Institute+of+Historical+Research&rft.date=1971&rft.au=Greenway%2C+Diana+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbritish-history.ac.uk%2Freport.asp%3Fcompid%3D33853&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Kilwardby" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnowles,_David1962" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Knowles_(scholar)" title="David Knowles (scholar)">Knowles, David</a> (1962). <i>The Evolution of Medieval Thought</i>. London: Longman. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/937364">937364</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Evolution+of+Medieval+Thought&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Longman&rft.date=1962&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F937364&rft.au=Knowles%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Kilwardby" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawrence,_C._H.1999" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Lawrence, C. H. (1999) [1965]. "The Thirteenth Century". In Lawrence, C. H. (ed.). <i>The English Church and the Papacy in the Middle Ages</i> (Reprint ed.). Stroud: Sutton Publishing. pp. 117–156. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7509-1947-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-7509-1947-7"><bdi>0-7509-1947-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Thirteenth+Century&rft.btitle=The+English+Church+and+the+Papacy+in+the+Middle+Ages&rft.place=Stroud&rft.pages=117-156&rft.edition=Reprint&rft.pub=Sutton+Publishing&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-7509-1947-7&rft.au=Lawrence%2C+C.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Kilwardby" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeff,_Gordon1975" class="citation book cs1">Leff, Gordon (1975). <i>Paris and Oxford Universities in the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries: An Institutional and Intellectual History</i>. Huntington, NY: Robert E. Krieger Pub. Co. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-88275-297-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-88275-297-9"><bdi>0-88275-297-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paris+and+Oxford+Universities+in+the+Thirteenth+and+Fourteenth+Centuries%3A+An+Institutional+and+Intellectual+History&rft.place=Huntington%2C+NY&rft.pub=Robert+E.+Krieger+Pub.+Co&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=0-88275-297-9&rft.au=Leff%2C+Gordon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Kilwardby" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoorman,_John_R._H.1955" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Moorman" title="John Moorman">Moorman, John R. H.</a> (1955). <i>Church Life in England in the Thirteenth Century</i> (Revised ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/213820968">213820968</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Church+Life+in+England+in+the+Thirteenth+Century&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.edition=Revised&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1955&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F213820968&rft.au=Moorman%2C+John+R.+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Kilwardby" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrestwich,_Michael1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Prestwich" title="Michael Prestwich">Prestwich, Michael</a> (1997). <i>Edward I</i>. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-300-07157-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-300-07157-4"><bdi>0-300-07157-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Edward+I&rft.place=New+Haven%2C+CT&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-300-07157-4&rft.au=Prestwich%2C+Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Kilwardby" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Kilwardby&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li>Lagerlund, Henrik & Thom, Paul (eds.), <i>A Companion to the Philosophy of Robert Kilwardby</i>, Leiden: Brill, 2012.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osmund_Lewry" title="Osmund Lewry">Lewry, Patrick Osmund</a> <i>Robert Kilwardby's Writings on the Logica vetus Studied with Regard to Their Teaching and Method.</i> Ph.D. diss. Oxford, 1978.</li> <li>Thom, Paul, <i>Logic and Ontology in the Syllogistic of Robert Kilwardby</i>, Leiden: Brill, 2007.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTugwell,_Simon2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Tugwell, Simon (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/15546">"Kilwardby, Robert (c.1215–1279)"</a>. <i>Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F15546">10.1093/ref:odnb/15546</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 March</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kilwardby%2C+Robert+%28c.1215%E2%80%931279%29&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F15546&rft.au=Tugwell%2C+Simon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2Farticle%2F15546&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Kilwardby" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required)</span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Kilwardby&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSilva" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Silva, José Filipe. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/robert-kilwardby/">"Robert Kilwardby"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Edward_N._Zalta" title="Edward N. Zalta">Zalta, Edward N.</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Stanford_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" title="Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy">Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Robert+Kilwardby&rft.btitle=Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.aulast=Silva&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9+Filipe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Fentries%2Frobert-kilwardby%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARobert+Kilwardby" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maritain.nd.edu/jmc/etext/homp312.htm">History of Medieval Philosophy</a> by Jacques Maritain</li> <li>Kilwardby, Robert: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://roderic.uv.es/uv_ms_0049"><i>Tabula in librum sancti Augustini De civitate Dei</i></a> (1464), digitized codex at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://roderic.uv.es/handle/10550/43">Somni</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FABE60;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church titles</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_Chillenden" title="William Chillenden">William Chillenden</a></div><i><b>as archbishop-elect </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a> </b><br />1273–1278 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Burnell" title="Robert Burnell">Robert Burnell</a></div><i><b>as archbishop-elect </b></i> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_of_Toledo" title="John of Toledo">John of Toledo</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Suburbicarian_Diocese_of_Porto-Santa_Rufina" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Suburbicarian Diocese of Porto-Santa Rufina">Cardinal Bishop of Porto and Santa Rufina</a> </b><br />1278–1279 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernard_de_Languissel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernard de Languissel (page does not exist)">Bernard de Languissel</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Archbishops_of_Canterbury" title="Template:Archbishops of Canterbury"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Archbishops_of_Canterbury" title="Template talk:Archbishops of Canterbury"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Archbishops_of_Canterbury" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Archbishops of Canterbury"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Archbishops_of_Canterbury" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishops of Canterbury</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_archbishops_of_Canterbury" title="List of archbishops of Canterbury">List of archbishops of Canterbury</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-<a href="/wiki/Norman_Conquest" title="Norman Conquest">Conquest</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Canterbury" title="Augustine of Canterbury">Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_of_Canterbury" title="Laurence of Canterbury">Laurence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mellitus" title="Mellitus">Mellitus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justus" title="Justus">Justus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorius_of_Canterbury" title="Honorius of Canterbury">Honorius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deusdedit_of_Canterbury" title="Deusdedit of Canterbury">Deusdedit</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wighard" title="Wighard">Wighard</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_of_Tarsus" title="Theodore of Tarsus">Theodore of Tarsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berhtwald" title="Berhtwald">Berhtwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatwine" title="Tatwine">Tatwine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nothhelm" title="Nothhelm">Nothhelm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuthbert_of_Canterbury" title="Cuthbert of Canterbury">Cuthbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bregowine" title="Bregowine">Bregowine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A6nberht" title="Jænberht">Jænberht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelhard" title="Æthelhard">Æthelhard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wulfred" title="Wulfred">Wulfred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feologild" title="Feologild">Feologild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceolnoth" title="Ceolnoth">Ceolnoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelred_(archbishop)" title="Æthelred (archbishop)">Æthelred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plegmund" title="Plegmund">Plegmund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athelm" title="Athelm">Athelm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wulfhelm" title="Wulfhelm">Wulfhelm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oda_of_Canterbury" title="Oda of Canterbury">Oda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86lfsige" title="Ælfsige">Ælfsige</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byrhthelm_(bishop_of_Wells)" title="Byrhthelm (bishop of Wells)">Byrhthelm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunstan" title="Dunstan">Dunstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelgar" title="Æthelgar">Æthelgar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigeric_(bishop)" title="Sigeric (bishop)">Sigeric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86lfric_of_Abingdon" title="Ælfric of Abingdon">Ælfric of Abingdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86lfheah_of_Canterbury" title="Ælfheah of Canterbury">Ælfheah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyfing_(Archbishop_of_Canterbury)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyfing (Archbishop of Canterbury)">Lyfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelnoth_(archbishop_of_Canterbury)" title="Æthelnoth (archbishop of Canterbury)">Æthelnoth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eadsige" title="Eadsige">Eadsige</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_of_Jumi%C3%A8ges" title="Robert of Jumièges">Robert of Jumièges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stigand" title="Stigand">Stigand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conquest to <a href="/wiki/English_Reformation" title="English Reformation">Reformation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lanfranc" title="Lanfranc">Lanfranc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anselm_of_Canterbury" title="Anselm of Canterbury">Anselm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_d%27Escures" title="Ralph d'Escures">Ralph d'Escures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_de_Corbeil" title="William de Corbeil">William de Corbeil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theobald_of_Bec" title="Theobald of Bec">Theobald of Bec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Becket" title="Thomas Becket">Thomas Becket</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roger_de_Bailleul" title="Roger de Bailleul">Roger de Bailleul</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_of_Dover" title="Richard of Dover">Richard of Dover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baldwin_of_Forde" title="Baldwin of Forde">Baldwin of Forde</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Fitz_Jocelin" title="Reginald Fitz Jocelin">Reginald Fitz Jocelin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Walter" title="Hubert Walter">Hubert Walter</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reginald_(sub-prior)" title="Reginald (sub-prior)">Reginald</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_de_Gray" title="John de Gray">John de Gray</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Langton" title="Stephen Langton">Stephen Langton</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Walter_d%27Eynsham" title="Walter d'Eynsham">Walter d'Eynsham</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_le_Grant" title="Richard le Grant">Richard le Grant</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Neville" title="Ralph Neville">Ralph Neville</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_of_Sittingbourne" title="John of Sittingbourne">John of Sittingbourne</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_Blund" title="John Blund">John Blund</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_of_Abingdon" title="Edmund of Abingdon">Edmund of Abingdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boniface_of_Savoy_(bishop)" title="Boniface of Savoy (bishop)">Boniface</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Chillenden" title="William Chillenden">William Chillenden</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Robert Kilwardby</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Robert_Burnell" title="Robert Burnell">Robert Burnell</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Peckham" title="John Peckham">John Peckham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Winchelsey" title="Robert Winchelsey">Robert Winchelsey</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cobham" title="Thomas Cobham">Thomas Cobham</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Reynolds" title="Walter Reynolds">Walter Reynolds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Mepeham" title="Simon Mepeham">Simon Mepeham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_de_Stratford" title="John de Stratford">John de Stratford</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_de_Ufford" title="John de Ufford">John de Ufford</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bradwardine" title="Thomas Bradwardine">Thomas Bradwardine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Islip" title="Simon Islip">Simon Islip</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/William_Edington" title="William Edington">William Edington</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Langham" title="Simon Langham">Simon Langham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whittlesey" title="William Whittlesey">William Whittlesey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Sudbury" title="Simon Sudbury">Simon Sudbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Courtenay" title="William Courtenay">William Courtenay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Arundel" title="Thomas Arundel">Thomas Arundel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Walden" title="Roger Walden">Roger Walden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Arundel" title="Thomas Arundel">Thomas Arundel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Chichele" title="Henry Chichele">Henry Chichele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stafford_(bishop)" title="John Stafford (bishop)">John Stafford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kemp" title="John Kemp">John Kemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bourchier_(cardinal)" title="Thomas Bourchier (cardinal)">Thomas Bourchier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Morton_(cardinal)" title="John Morton (cardinal)">John Morton</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Langton" title="Thomas Langton">Thomas Langton</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Deane_(archbishop_of_Canterbury)" title="Henry Deane (archbishop of Canterbury)">Henry Deane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Warham" title="William Warham">William Warham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer" title="Thomas Cranmer">Thomas Cranmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginald_Pole" title="Reginald Pole">Reginald Pole</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-Reformation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Parker" title="Matthew Parker">Matthew Parker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Grindal" title="Edmund Grindal">Edmund Grindal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Whitgift" title="John Whitgift">John Whitgift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bancroft" title="Richard Bancroft">Richard Bancroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Abbot_(bishop)" title="George Abbot (bishop)">George Abbot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Laud" title="William Laud">William Laud</a></li> <li><i>Episcopacy abolished (<a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_England" title="Commonwealth of England">Commonwealth</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Juxon" title="William Juxon">William Juxon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Sheldon" title="Gilbert Sheldon">Gilbert Sheldon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Sancroft" title="William Sancroft">William Sancroft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tillotson" title="John Tillotson">John Tillotson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tenison" title="Thomas Tenison">Thomas Tenison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wake" title="William Wake">William Wake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Potter_(bishop)" title="John Potter (bishop)">John Potter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Herring" title="Thomas Herring">Thomas Herring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Hutton_(archbishop_of_Canterbury)" title="Matthew Hutton (archbishop of Canterbury)">Matthew Hutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Secker" title="Thomas Secker">Thomas Secker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Cornwallis" title="Frederick Cornwallis">Frederick Cornwallis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Moore_(archbishop_of_Canterbury)" title="John Moore (archbishop of Canterbury)">John Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Manners-Sutton" title="Charles Manners-Sutton">Charles Manners-Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howley" title="William Howley">William Howley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Bird_Sumner" title="John Bird Sumner">John Bird Sumner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Longley" title="Charles Longley">Charles Longley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Campbell_Tait" title="Archibald Campbell Tait">Archibald Campbell Tait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_White_Benson" title="Edward White Benson">Edward White Benson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Temple" title="Frederick Temple">Frederick Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randall_Davidson" title="Randall Davidson">Randall Davidson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmo_Gordon_Lang" title="Cosmo Gordon Lang">Cosmo Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Temple_(bishop)" title="William Temple (bishop)">William Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_Fisher" title="Geoffrey Fisher">Geoffrey Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Ramsey" title="Michael Ramsey">Michael Ramsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Coggan" title="Donald Coggan">Donald Coggan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Runcie" title="Robert Runcie">Robert Runcie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Carey" title="George Carey">George Carey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowan_Williams" title="Rowan Williams">Rowan Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Welby" title="Justin Welby">Justin Welby</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Italics</i> indicate a person who was elected but not confirmed.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Philosophy_of_science" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Philosophy_of_science" title="Template:Philosophy of science"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Philosophy_of_science" title="Template talk:Philosophy of science"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Philosophy_of_science" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Philosophy of science"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Philosophy_of_science" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_science" title="Philosophy of science">Philosophy of science</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philosophical_analysis" title="Philosophical analysis">Analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analytic%E2%80%93synthetic_distinction" title="Analytic–synthetic distinction">Analytic–synthetic distinction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_priori_and_a_posteriori" title="A priori and a posteriori"><i>A priori</i> and <i>a posteriori</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Causality" title="Causality">Causality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mill%27s_Methods" title="Mill's Methods">Mill's Methods</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commensurability_(philosophy_of_science)" title="Commensurability (philosophy of science)">Commensurability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consilience" title="Consilience">Consilience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Construct_(philosophy)" title="Construct (philosophy)">Construct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correlation" title="Correlation">Correlation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Correlation_function" title="Correlation function">function</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creative_synthesis" title="Creative synthesis">Creative synthesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demarcation_problem" title="Demarcation problem">Demarcation problem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empirical_evidence" title="Empirical evidence">Empirical evidence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experiment" title="Experiment">Experiment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Design_of_experiments" title="Design of experiments">design</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explanatory_power" title="Explanatory power">Explanatory power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fact" title="Fact">Fact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falsifiability" title="Falsifiability">Falsifiability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feminist_method" title="Feminist method">Feminist method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Functional_contextualism" title="Functional contextualism">Functional contextualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypothesis" title="Hypothesis">Hypothesis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_hypothesis" title="Alternative hypothesis">alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Null_hypothesis" title="Null hypothesis">null</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ignoramus_et_ignorabimus" title="Ignoramus et ignorabimus">Ignoramus et ignorabimus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inductive_reasoning" title="Inductive reasoning">Inductive reasoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intertheoretic_reduction" title="Intertheoretic reduction">Intertheoretic reduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inquiry" title="Inquiry">Inquiry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_(philosophy)" title="Nature (philosophy)">Nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Objectivity_(philosophy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Objectivity (philosophy)">Objectivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observation" title="Observation">Observation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paradigm" title="Paradigm">Paradigm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Problem_of_induction" title="Problem of induction">Problem of induction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_evidence" title="Scientific evidence">Scientific evidence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evidence-based_practice" title="Evidence-based practice">Evidence-based practice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_law" title="Scientific law">Scientific law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_method" title="Scientific method">Scientific method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_pluralism" title="Scientific pluralism">Scientific pluralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_Revolution" title="Scientific Revolution">Scientific Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testability" title="Testability">Testability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory" title="Theory">Theory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theory_choice" title="Theory choice">choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory-ladenness" title="Theory-ladenness">ladenness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_theory" title="Scientific theory">scientific</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underdetermination" title="Underdetermination">Underdetermination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_of_science" title="Unity of science">Unity of science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variable_and_attribute_(research)" title="Variable and attribute (research)">Variable</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Control_variable" title="Control variable">control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dependent_and_independent_variables" title="Dependent and independent variables">dependent and independent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_philosophy_of_science_articles" title="Index of philosophy of science articles">more...</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Theories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coherentism" title="Coherentism">Coherentism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confirmation_holism" title="Confirmation holism">Confirmation holism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constructive_empiricism" title="Constructive empiricism">Constructive empiricism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constructive_realism" title="Constructive realism">Constructive realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constructivist_epistemology" class="mw-redirect" title="Constructivist epistemology">Constructivist epistemology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contextualism" title="Contextualism">Contextualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conventionalism" title="Conventionalism">Conventionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deductive-nomological_model" title="Deductive-nomological model">Deductive-nomological model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistemological_anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Epistemological anarchism">Epistemological anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionism" title="Evolutionism">Evolutionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallibilism" title="Fallibilism">Fallibilism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundationalism" title="Foundationalism">Foundationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypothetico-deductive_model" title="Hypothetico-deductive model">Hypothetico-deductive model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inductionism" title="Inductionism">Inductionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instrumentalism" title="Instrumentalism">Instrumentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model-dependent_realism" title="Model-dependent realism">Model-dependent realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naturalism_(philosophy)" title="Naturalism (philosophy)">Naturalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physicalism" title="Physicalism">Physicalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positivism" title="Positivism">Positivism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Reductionism" title="Reductionism">Reductionism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Determinism" title="Determinism">Determinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pragmatism" title="Pragmatism">Pragmatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rationalism" title="Rationalism">Rationalism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Empiricism" title="Empiricism">Empiricism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Received_view_of_theories" title="Received view of theories">Received view</a> / <a href="/wiki/Semantic_view_of_theories" title="Semantic view of theories">Semantic view of theories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_essentialism" title="Scientific essentialism">Scientific essentialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_formalism" title="Scientific formalism">Scientific formalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_realism" title="Scientific realism">Scientific realism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anti-realism" title="Anti-realism">Anti-realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_skepticism" title="Scientific skepticism">Scientific skepticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientism" title="Scientism">Scientism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structuralism_(philosophy_of_science)" title="Structuralism (philosophy of science)">Structuralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniformitarianism" title="Uniformitarianism">Uniformitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verificationism" title="Verificationism">Verificationism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vitalism" title="Vitalism">Vitalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Philosophy of...</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_biology" title="Philosophy of biology">Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_chemistry" title="Philosophy of chemistry">Chemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_physics" title="Philosophy of physics">Physics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_space_and_time" title="Philosophy of space and time">Space and time</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_social_science" title="Philosophy of social science">Social science</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_archaeology" title="Philosophy of archaeology">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Philosophy of economics">Economics‎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_geography" title="Philosophy of geography">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_history" title="Philosophy of history">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_linguistics" title="Philosophy of linguistics">Linguistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_psychology" title="Philosophy of psychology">Psychology</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_science" title="Criticism of science">Criticism of science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Descriptive_research" title="Descriptive research">Descriptive science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistemology" title="Epistemology">Epistemology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exact_sciences" title="Exact sciences">Exact sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faith_and_rationality" title="Faith and rationality">Faith and rationality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_and_soft_science" title="Hard and soft science">Hard and soft science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_and_philosophy_of_science" title="History and philosophy of science">History and philosophy of science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-science" title="Non-science">Non-science</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pseudoscience" title="Pseudoscience">Pseudoscience</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normative_science" title="Normative science">Normative science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protoscience" title="Protoscience">Protoscience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Questionable_cause" title="Questionable cause">Questionable cause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relationship_between_religion_and_science" title="Relationship between religion and science">Relationship between religion and science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhetoric_of_science" title="Rhetoric of science">Rhetoric of science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_studies" title="Science studies">Science studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_of_scientific_ignorance" title="Sociology of scientific ignorance">Sociology of scientific ignorance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociology_of_scientific_knowledge" title="Sociology of scientific knowledge">Sociology of scientific knowledge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_philosophers_of_science" title="List of philosophers of science">Philosophers of science</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Precursors" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:7.5em">Precursors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Bacon" title="Roger Bacon">Roger Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Bacon" title="Francis Bacon">Francis Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_Galilei" title="Galileo Galilei">Galileo Galilei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">David Hume</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auguste_Comte" title="Auguste Comte">Auguste Comte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Poincar%C3%A9" title="Henri Poincaré">Henri Poincaré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Duhem" title="Pierre Duhem">Pierre Duhem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Steiner" title="Rudolf Steiner">Rudolf Steiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Pearson" title="Karl Pearson">Karl Pearson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Sanders_Peirce" title="Charles Sanders Peirce">Charles Sanders Peirce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Windelband" title="Wilhelm Windelband">Wilhelm Windelband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_North_Whitehead" title="Alfred North Whitehead">Alfred North Whitehead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Bertrand Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Neurath" title="Otto Neurath">Otto Neurath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._D._Broad" title="C. D. Broad">C. D. Broad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Polanyi" title="Michael Polanyi">Michael Polanyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Reichenbach" title="Hans Reichenbach">Hans Reichenbach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Carnap" title="Rudolf Carnap">Rudolf Carnap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Popper" title="Karl Popper">Karl Popper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Gustav_Hempel" title="Carl Gustav Hempel">Carl Gustav Hempel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willard_Van_Orman_Quine" title="Willard Van Orman Quine">W. V. O. Quine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kuhn" title="Thomas Kuhn">Thomas Kuhn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imre_Lakatos" title="Imre Lakatos">Imre Lakatos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Feyerabend" title="Paul Feyerabend">Paul Feyerabend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Hacking" title="Ian Hacking">Ian Hacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bas_van_Fraassen" title="Bas van Fraassen">Bas van Fraassen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Laudan" title="Larry Laudan">Larry Laudan</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Philosophy_of_science" title="Category:Philosophy of science">Category</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Socrates.png/18px-Socrates.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Socrates.png/27px-Socrates.png 1.5x, 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class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364372#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119235196">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85242657">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11988223n">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11988223n">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Kilwardby, Robert"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/UFIV084339">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an50609905">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000703123&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX987249">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069902739">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90206888">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/20dhldhl253cd2n">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810638330905606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/22394">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007263598405171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058516117406706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:robert-of-canterbury.">zbMATH</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1068320">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119235196.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/119235196">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027949532">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w62n7c3j">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_Kilwardby&oldid=1253508986">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_Kilwardby&oldid=1253508986</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1210s_births" title="Category:1210s births">1210s births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1279_deaths" title="Category:1279 deaths">1279 deaths</a></li><li><a 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