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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Alin_man" title="Magpalabas ng kahit-anong artikulo [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Alinmang artikulo</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Patungkol"><span>Patungkol sa Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kasalukuyang_pangyayari" title="Hanapin ang mga impormasyon tungkol sa mga kamakailang kaganapan"><span>Mga kaganapan</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Natatanging_mga_pahina"><span>Natatanging pahina</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Pakikihalubilo" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Pakikihalubilo" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pakikihalubilo </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Puntahan_ng_pamayanan" title="Tungkol sa proyekto, ano ang maari mong gawin, at kung 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=tl.wikipedia.org&uselang=tl" class=""><span>Donasyon</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Likhain_ang_kuwenta&returnto=Komonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" title="Mas maganda kung gagawa ka ng account at magla-login; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito" class=""><span>Gumawa ng account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Paglagda_ng_tagagamit&returnto=Komonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" title="Mas maganda kung magla-login ka; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Mag-login</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Marami pang pagpipilian" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mga pansariling kagamitan" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mga pansariling kagamitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=tl.wikipedia.org&uselang=tl"><span>Donasyon</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>Mag-ambag</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Likhain_ang_kuwenta&returnto=Komonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" title="Mas maganda kung gagawa ka ng account at magla-login; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd 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data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mga nilalaman</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">itago</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Simula</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Mga_sanggunian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mga_sanggunian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Mga sanggunian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mga_sanggunian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mga_kawing_panlabas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mga_kawing_panlabas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mga kawing panlabas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mga_kawing_panlabas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Mga nilalaman" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Talaan ng mga Nilalaman" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Itago/Ipakita ang talaan ng mga nilalaman" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Itago/Ipakita ang talaan ng mga nilalaman</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Komonwelt ng Pilipinas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pumunta sa isang artikulo na nakasulat sa ibang wika. Mayroon ito sa 33 (na) wika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-33" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">33 wika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86" title="كومنولث الفلبين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كومنولث الفلبين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancomunid%C3%A1_Filipina" title="Mancomunidá Filipina – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mancomunidá Filipina" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancomunidad_de_Filipinas" title="Mancomunidad de Filipinas – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Mancomunidad de Filipinas" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filip%C3%ADnsk%C3%A9_spole%C4%8Denstv%C3%AD" title="Filipínské společenství – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Filipínské společenství" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_der_Philippinen" title="Commonwealth der Philippinen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Commonwealth der Philippinen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Commonwealth of the Philippines" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipina_Komunumo" title="Filipina Komunumo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Filipina Komunumo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancomunidad_Filipina" title="Mancomunidad Filipina – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mancomunidad Filipina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipinetako_Mankomunitatea" title="Filipinetako Mankomunitatea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Filipinetako Mankomunitatea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B9" title="فیلیپین مشترک‌المنافع – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فیلیپین مشترک‌المنافع" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filippiinien_yhteis%C3%B6" title="Filippiinien yhteisö – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Filippiinien yhteisö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_des_Philippines" title="Commonwealth des Philippines – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Commonwealth des Philippines" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancomunidade_Filipina" title="Mancomunidade Filipina – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mancomunidade Filipina" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99" title="חבר העמים הפיליפיני – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חבר העמים הפיליפיני" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persemakmuran_Filipina" title="Persemakmuran Filipina – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Persemakmuran Filipina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mankomunidad_ti_Filipinas" title="Mankomunidad ti Filipinas – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Mankomunidad ti Filipinas" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_delle_Filippine" title="Commonwealth delle Filippine – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Commonwealth delle Filippine" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AA%E3%83%94%E3%83%B3%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9" title="フィリピン・コモンウェルス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フィリピン・コモンウェルス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%84%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%80_%EC%9E%90%EC%B9%98%EB%A0%B9" title="필리핀 자치령 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="필리핀 자치령" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consortio_Insularum_Philippinarum" title="Consortio Insularum Philippinarum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Consortio Insularum Philippinarum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komanwel_Filipina" title="Komanwel Filipina – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Komanwel Filipina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemenebest_van_de_Filipijnen" title="Gemenebest van de Filipijnen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gemenebest van de Filipijnen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wsp%C3%B3lnota_Filipin" title="Wspólnota Filipin – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wspólnota Filipin" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunidade_das_Filipinas" title="Comunidade das Filipinas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Comunidade das Filipinas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Содружество Филиппины – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Содружество Филиппины" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_the_Philippines" title="Commonwealth of the Philippines – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Commonwealth of the Philippines" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82" title="Филипински комонвелт – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Филипински комонвелт" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filippinska_samv%C3%A4ldet" title="Filippinska samväldet – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Filippinska samväldet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பிலிப்பீன்சு பொதுநலவாயம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிலிப்பீன்சு பொதுநலவாயம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipin_Toplulu%C4%9Fu" title="Filipin Topluluğu – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Filipin Topluluğu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%A4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Співдружність Філіппін – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Співдружність Філіппін" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%8Bnh_v%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_chung_Philippines" title="Thịnh vượng chung Philippines – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thịnh vượng chung Philippines" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E8%B3%93%E8%87%AA%E6%B2%BB%E9%82%A6" title="菲律賓自治邦 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="菲律賓自治邦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q146328#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Baguhin ang link sa ibang wika" class="wbc-editpage">baguhin ang mga link</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas" title="Tingnan ang nilalaman [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikulo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Usapan:Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Usapan tungkol sa nilalaman nito (hindi pa naisusulat) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Usapan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ibahin ang baryante o variant ng wika" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tagalog</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Mga tingin"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas"><span>Basahin</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas&veaction=edit" title="Baguhin ito [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Baguhin</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas&action=edit" title="Baguhin ang kodigong batayan ng pahinang ito [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Baguhin ang wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas&action=history" title="Nakaraang pagbabago sa pahinang ito [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Tingnan ang kasaysayan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mga kagamitan" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mga kagamitan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mga kagamitan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> 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accesskey="e"><span>Baguhin ang wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas&action=history"><span>Tingnan ang kasaysayan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pangkalahatan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Ano_ang_nakakawing_dito/Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas" title="Talaan ng mga pahinang wiking nakaturo rito. [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Mga nakaturo rito</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Nakakawing_ng_kamakailang_pagbabago/Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas" rel="nofollow" title="Mga huling binago sa mga kaugnay na pahina mula sa pahinang ito [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Kaugnay na pagbabago</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=tl" title="Magkarga ng mga larawan o iba pang midya [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Mag-upload ng file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas&oldid=2082668" title="Ibigay ang palagiang kawing para sa kasalukuyang bersyon ng pahinang ito"><span>Permanenteng link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Impormasyon ng pahina</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" 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href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Aklat&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Komonwelt+ng+Pilipinas"><span>Lumikha ng isang aklat</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:DownloadAsPdf&page=Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas&action=show-download-screen"><span>I-download bilang PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas&printable=yes" title="Ipakita ang bersyon ng pahinang itong madaling maililimbag [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Bersyong mapi-print</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sa iba pang proyekto </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q146328" title="Link sa nakakonektang item sa repositoryo ng datos [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Item na Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itsura"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Itsura</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">itago</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Mula sa Wikipedia, ang malayang ensiklopedya</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tl" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1973446">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="box-copyedit plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Acap.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Acap.svg/30px-Acap.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Acap.svg/45px-Acap.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Acap.svg/60px-Acap.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="50" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>Nangangailangan ang artikulo o seksiyon na ito ng <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_copy-edit" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:How to copy-edit">pagwawasto</a></i> sa balarila, estilo, pagkakaisa, tono o baybay.</b><span class="hide-when-compact"> <br /><small>Maaari kang makatulong sa pamamagitan ng <a class="external text" href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas&action=edit">pagbabago nito</a> ngayon.</small></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1971697">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2051707">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Komonwelt ng Pilipinas</div><div class="ib-country-names"><span style="font-size:85%;"><i lang="es" title="Kastila language text">Commonwealth de Filipinas</i> (<a href="/wiki/Espanyol" class="mw-disambig" title="Espanyol">Espanyol</a>)</span> <br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><i lang="en" title="Ingles language text">Commonwealth of the Philippines</i> (<a href="/wiki/Wikang_Ingles" title="Wikang Ingles">Ingles</a>)</span> <br /> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">1935-1942<br />1942-1944<br />1944-1946</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; width:58%; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Flag_of_the_Philippines_(navy_blue).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Watawat ng"><img alt="Watawat ng" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/125px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/188px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%28navy_blue%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div><div style="padding: 2px 0px 3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Flag_of_the_United_States_(1912-1959).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/125px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/188px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></div> <div>Watawat</div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines_(1935%E2%80%931940,_1941%E2%80%931946).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Eskudo ng"><img alt="Eskudo ng" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines_%281935%E2%80%931940%2C_1941%E2%80%931946%29.svg/85px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines_%281935%E2%80%931940%2C_1941%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines_%281935%E2%80%931940%2C_1941%E2%80%931946%29.svg/128px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines_%281935%E2%80%931940%2C_1941%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines_%281935%E2%80%931940%2C_1941%E2%80%931946%29.svg/170px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_Philippines_%281935%E2%80%931940%2C_1941%E2%80%931946%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="290" data-file-height="457" /></a></span></div> <div>Eskudo</div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data anthem"><div style="line-height:1.2em;"><b>Awiting Pambansa: </b><br />"<a href="/wiki/Lupang_Hinirang" title="Lupang Hinirang">The Philippine Hymn</a>" <div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="51" data-mwtitle="PhilippinesHymn.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/34/PhilippinesHymn.ogg/PhilippinesHymn.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/PhilippinesHymn.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3APhilippinesHymn.ogg&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3APhilippinesHymn.ogg&lang=tl&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="tl" label="Tagalog ‪(tl)‬" data-dir="ltr" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3APhilippinesHymn.ogg&lang=vi&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="vi" label="Tiếng Việt ‪(vi)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span></span></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Map_of_Philippines.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Kinaroroonan ng Pilipinas sa Asya"><img alt="Kinaroroonan ng Pilipinas sa Asya" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Map_of_Philippines.png/250px-Map_of_Philippines.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Map_of_Philippines.png/375px-Map_of_Philippines.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Map_of_Philippines.png 2x" data-file-width="442" data-file-height="197" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">Kinaroroonan ng Pilipinas sa Asya</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Katayuan</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_(United_States_insular_area)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commonwealth (United States insular area) (hindi pa naisusulat)">Komonwelt</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Kabisera</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Maynila" title="Maynila">Maynila</a>¹</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Karaniwang wika</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wikang_Filipino" title="Wikang Filipino">Filipino</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wikang_Ingles" title="Wikang Ingles">Ingles</a>, at <a href="/wiki/Wikang_Kastila" title="Wikang Kastila">Kastila</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pamahalaan</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_(United_States_insular_area)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Commonwealth (United States insular area) (hindi pa naisusulat)">Komonwelt</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Pangulo_ng_Pilipinas" title="Pangulo ng Pilipinas">Pangulo</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1971697" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1935-1944 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Manuel L. Quezon</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1944-1946 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Sergio Osmeña</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1946 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Manuel Roxas</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Pangalawang_Pangulo_ng_Pilipinas" title="Pangalawang Pangulo ng Pilipinas">Pangalawang Pangulo</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1971697" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1935-1944 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Sergio Osmeña</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1946 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Elpidio Quirino</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Kasaysayan</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1971697" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Batas_Tydings-McDuffie" class="mw-redirect" title="Batas Tydings-McDuffie">Philippine Commonwealth and Independence Act</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Nobyembre 15<sup id="cite_ref-InaugurationDate_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-InaugurationDate-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1935</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Araw_ng_Kalayaan" title="Araw ng Kalayaan">Araw ng Kalayaan</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">Hulyo 4 1946</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Lawak</th></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">1939</th><td class="infobox-data">300,000 km<sup>2</sup> (120,000 mi kuw)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Populasyon</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1971697" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 1939 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">16000303</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Salapi</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Piso_ng_Pilipinas" title="Piso ng Pilipinas">Piso</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; background: transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Pinalitan</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Pumalit</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; background: transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Pamahalaang_Insular_ng_mga_Isla_ng_Pilipinas" class="mw-redirect" title="Pamahalaang Insular ng mga Isla ng Pilipinas"><b>1935:</b><br />Pamahalaang Insular ng mga Isla ng Pilipinas</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281943%E2%80%931945%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281943%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281943%E2%80%931945%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281943%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281943%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281943%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ikalawang_Republika_ng_Pilipinas" title="Ikalawang Republika ng Pilipinas"><b>1945:</b><br />Ikalawang Republika ng Pilipinas</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; background:transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Komisyong_Tagapagpaganap_ng_Pilipinas" title="Komisyong Tagapagpaganap ng Pilipinas"><b>1942:</b><br />Komisyong Tagapagpaganap ng Pilipinas</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kasaysayan_ng_Pilipinas_(1946%E2%80%931972)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas (1946–1972)"><b>1946:</b></a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281936%E2%80%931985%2C_1986%E2%80%931998%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281936%E2%80%931985%2C_1986%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281936%E2%80%931985%2C_1986%E2%80%931998%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281936%E2%80%931985%2C_1986%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281936%E2%80%931985%2C_1986%E2%80%931998%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Philippines_%281936%E2%80%931985%2C_1986%E2%80%931998%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Kasaysayan_ng_Pilipinas_(1946%E2%80%931972)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas (1946–1972)">Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas (1946–1972)</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align:left;margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">¹ Ang kabisera ay nasasakop ng mga kaaway sa pagitan ng 24 Disyembre 1941 at 27 Pebrero 1945. Ang mga pansamantalang kabisera ay ang <a href="/wiki/Corregidor" title="Corregidor">Corregidor</a> mula 24 Disyembre 1941-; <a href="/wiki/Lungsod_ng_Iloilo" title="Lungsod ng Iloilo">Lungsod ng Iloilo</a> mula Pebrero 22; <a href="/wiki/Lungsod_ng_Bacolod" class="mw-redirect" title="Lungsod ng Bacolod">Bacolod</a> mula Pebrero 26; <a href="/wiki/Lungsod_ng_Bago" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Lungsod ng Bago">Buenos Aires, Lungsod ng Bago</a> mula Pebrero 27; <a href="/wiki/Lungsod_ng_Oroquieta" class="mw-redirect" title="Lungsod ng Oroquieta">Oroquieta</a> mula Marso 19; <a href="/wiki/Bukidnon" title="Bukidnon">Bukidnon</a> mula Marso 23; <a href="/wiki/Melbourne,_Australya" class="mw-redirect" title="Melbourne, Australya">Melbourne, Australya</a> mula Abril; <a href="/wiki/Washington,_DC" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington, DC">Washington, DC</a> mula Mayo, 1942 hanggang Oktubre, 1944; <a href="/wiki/Lungsod_ng_Tacloban" class="mw-redirect" title="Lungsod ng Tacloban">Tacloban</a> mula 20 Oktubre 1944.<br />²In exile.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Ang <b>Komonwelt ng Pilipinas </b> (<a href="/wiki/Wikang_Ingles" title="Wikang Ingles">Ingles</a>: <i>Commonwealth of the Philippines</i>; <a href="/wiki/Wikang_Kastila_sa_Pilipinas" title="Wikang Kastila sa Pilipinas">Kastila</a>: <i>Commonwealth de Filipinas</i>) ay ang tawag pampulitika sa <a href="/wiki/Pilipinas" title="Pilipinas">Pilipinas</a> noong 1936 hanggang <a href="/wiki/1946" title="1946">1946</a> kung kailan naging komonwelt ng <a href="/wiki/Estados_Unidos" title="Estados Unidos">Estados Unidos</a> ang bansa. Bago noong 1936, isang pook-insular na di-komonwelt ang Pilipinas, at bago pa doon, teritoryo lamang ito ng Estados Unidos. </p><p>Ibinatay sa <a href="/wiki/Batas_Tydings-McDuffie" class="mw-redirect" title="Batas Tydings-McDuffie">Batas Tydings-McDuffie</a> ang pagbuo sa Komonwelt. Ayon sa batas, magiging panahong pantrasisyunal ang Komonwelt bilang paghahanda sa ganap na kalayaan at soberanya na ipinangako sa <i>Philippine Autonomy Act</i> o <a href="/wiki/Batas_Jones" class="mw-disambig" title="Batas Jones">Batas Jones</a>. </p><p>Si <a href="/wiki/Manuel_L._Quezon" title="Manuel L. Quezon">Manuel L. Quezon</a> ang unang pangulo ng komonwelt. Si <a href="/wiki/Sergio_Osme%C3%B1a" title="Sergio Osmeña">Sergio Osmeña</a> ang ikalawang pangulo ng komonwelt. Si Manuel L. Quezon ang naging huling pangulo nito. Tuluyan nang ibinuwag ang Komonwelt noong 1946 at naging <a href="/wiki/Republika" title="Republika">republika</a> ang <a href="/wiki/Pilipinas" title="Pilipinas">Pilipinas</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mga_sanggunian">Mga sanggunian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Mga sanggunian" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Mga sanggunian"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style="-moz-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2121818">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-InaugurationDate-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-InaugurationDate_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ssc.edu.ph/centennial%20website/SSC%201930-1939.htm">Timeline 1930–1939</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090405083845/http://www.ssc.edu.ph/centennial%20website/SSC%201930-1939.htm">Naka-arkibo</a> 2009-04-05 sa <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., St. Scholastica's College;<br /> ^ <a href="#CITEREFGin_Ooi2004">Gin Ooi 2004</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=QKgraWbb7yoC&pg=PA387&dq=15+november">387</a>;<br /> ^ <a href="#CITEREFZaide1994">Zaide 1994</a>, p. 319;<br /> ^ <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2132731">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFFranklin_D._Roosevelt1935" class="citation cs2">Franklin D. Roosevelt (14 Nobyembre 1935), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=14980"><i>Proclamation 2148 on the Establishment of the Commonwealth of the Philippines</i></a>, The American Presidency Project, University of California at Santa Barbara</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Proclamation+2148+on+the+Establishment+of+the+Commonwealth+of+the+Philippines&rft.pub=The+American+Presidency+Project%2C+University+of+California+at+Santa+Barbara&rft.date=1935-11-14&rft.au=Franklin+D.+Roosevelt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.presidency.ucsb.edu%2Fws%2Findex.php%3Fpid%3D14980&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKomonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" class="Z3988"></span> (specifying, "This Proclamation shall be effective upon its promulgation at Manila, Philippine Islands, on November 15, 1935, by the Secretary of War of the United States of America, who is hereby designated as my representative for that purpose.")</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731" /><cite id="CITEREFAlmanac1986" class="citation cs2">Roces; Juan Luis Z. Luna (Jr.); Reynaldo Arcilla (1986), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=TI9GHAAACAAJ"><i>RR philippine almanac: book of facts 1986 edition</i></a>, Ramon Roces y Pardo</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=RR+philippine+almanac%3A+book+of+facts+1986+edition&rft.pub=Ramon+Roces+y+Pardo&rft.date=1986&rft.au=Roces&rft.au=Juan+Luis+Z.+Luna+%28Jr.%29&rft.au=Reynaldo+Arcilla&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTI9GHAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKomonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731" /><cite id="CITEREFPhilippine_Historical_Association2000" class="citation cs2">Philippine Historical Association (2000), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=cROcGAAACAAJ"><i>Philippine Legislature, 100 Years</i></a>, Philippine Historical Association in cooperation with New Day Publishers, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Mga_pinagmulang_aklat/9719224509" title="Natatangi:Mga pinagmulang aklat/9719224509"><bdi>9719224509</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philippine+Legislature%2C+100+Years&rft.pub=Philippine+Historical+Association+in+cooperation+with+New+Day+Publishers&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9719224509&rft.au=Philippine+Historical+Association&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcROcGAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKomonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731" /><cite id="CITEREFAgoncillo2010" class="citation cs2">Agoncillo, Teodoro (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=JhdxAAAAMAAJ"><i>The Fateful Years: Japan's Adventure in the Philippines 1941-1945</i></a>, bol. 1, Quezon City, Philippines: University of the Philippines Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Mga_pinagmulang_aklat/9789715422741" title="Natatangi:Mga pinagmulang aklat/9789715422741"><bdi>9789715422741</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Fateful+Years%3A+Japan%27s+Adventure+in+the+Philippines+1941-1945&rft.place=Quezon+City%2C+Philippines&rft.pub=University+of+the+Philippines+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9789715422741&rft.aulast=Agoncillo&rft.aufirst=Teodoro&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJhdxAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKomonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731" /><cite id="CITEREFAgoncilloMilagros_Guerrero1970" class="citation cs2">Agoncillo, Teodoro A.; Milagros Guerrero (1970), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=VTwMAAAAIAAJ&pgis=1"><i>History of the Filipino People</i></a>, Malaya Books<span class="reference-accessdate">, nakuha noong <span class="nowrap">2007-12-28</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Filipino+People&rft.pub=Malaya+Books&rft.date=1970&rft.aulast=Agoncillo&rft.aufirst=Teodoro+A.&rft.au=Milagros+Guerrero&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVTwMAAAAIAAJ%26pgis%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKomonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731" /><cite id="CITEREFGin_Ooi2004" class="citation cs2">Gin Ooi, Keat (2004), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=QKgraWbb7yoC"><i>Southeast Asia: a historical encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor</i></a>, ABC-CLIO, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Mga_pinagmulang_aklat/9781576077702" title="Natatangi:Mga pinagmulang aklat/9781576077702"><bdi>9781576077702</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Southeast+Asia%3A+a+historical+encyclopedia%2C+from+Angkor+Wat+to+East+Timor&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9781576077702&rft.aulast=Gin+Ooi&rft.aufirst=Keat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQKgraWbb7yoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKomonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731" /><cite id="Dolan1991part20" class="citation cs2">Seekins, Donald M. (1991), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/philippines/20.htm">"The Commonwealth"</a>, sa Dolan, Ronald E. (pat.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/philippines/"><i>Philippines: A Country Study</i></a>, Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress<span class="reference-accessdate">, nakuha noong <span class="nowrap">2007-12-28</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Commonwealth&rft.btitle=Philippines%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.place=Washington&rft.pub=GPO+for+the+Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Seekins&rft.aufirst=Donald+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fphilippines%2F20.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKomonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731" /><cite id="Dolan1991part21" class="citation cs2">Seekins, Donald M. (1991), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/philippines/21.htm">"World War II"</a>, sa Dolan, Ronald E. (pat.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/philippines/"><i>Philippines: A Country Study</i></a>, Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress<span class="reference-accessdate">, nakuha noong <span class="nowrap">2007-12-28</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=World+War+II&rft.btitle=Philippines%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.place=Washington&rft.pub=GPO+for+the+Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1991&rft.aulast=Seekins&rft.aufirst=Donald+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fphilippines%2F21.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKomonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731" /><cite id="Dolan1991part23" class="citation cs2">Dolan, Ronald E., pat. (1991), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/philippines/23.htm">"Economic Relations with the United States"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/philippines/"><i>Philippines: A Country Study</i></a>, Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress<span class="reference-accessdate">, nakuha noong <span class="nowrap">2007-12-28</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Economic+Relations+with+the+United+States&rft.btitle=Philippines%3A+A+Country+Study&rft.place=Washington&rft.pub=GPO+for+the+Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1991&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fphilippines%2F23.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKomonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731" /><cite id="CITEREFHayden1942" class="citation cs2">Hayden, Joseph Ralston (1942), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=yOUBAAAAMAAJ&pgis=1"><i>The Philippines, a Study in National Development</i></a>, Macmillan<span class="reference-accessdate">, nakuha noong <span class="nowrap">2007-12-28</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Philippines%2C+a+Study+in+National+Development&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1942&rft.aulast=Hayden&rft.aufirst=Joseph+Ralston&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyOUBAAAAMAAJ%26pgis%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKomonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731" /><cite id="CITEREFLacsamana1990" class="citation cs2">Lacsamana, Leodivico Cruz (1990), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=Wb53AAAACAAJ"><i>Philippine History and Government</i></a>, Phoenix publishing House, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Mga_pinagmulang_aklat/9710618946" title="Natatangi:Mga pinagmulang aklat/9710618946"><bdi>9710618946</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, nakuha noong <span class="nowrap">2007-12-28</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Philippine+History+and+Government&rft.pub=Phoenix+publishing+House&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9710618946&rft.aulast=Lacsamana&rft.aufirst=Leodivico+Cruz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWb53AAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKomonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731" /><cite id="Weir-part5" class="citation cs2">Weir, Fraser, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ualberta.ca/~vmitchel/fw5.html">"American Colony and Philippine Commonwealth 1901 - 1941"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ualberta.ca/~vmitchel/"><i>A Centennial History of Philippine Independence, 1898-1998</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, nakuha noong <span class="nowrap">2007-12-28</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=American+Colony+and+Philippine+Commonwealth+1901+-+1941&rft.btitle=A+Centennial+History+of+Philippine+Independence%2C+1898-1998&rft.aulast=Weir&rft.aufirst=Fraser&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ualberta.ca%2F~vmitchel%2Ffw5.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKomonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731" /><cite id="CITEREFZaide1994" class="citation cs2">Zaide, Sonia M. (1994), <i>The Philippines: A Unique Nation</i>, All-Nations Publishing Co., <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Mga_pinagmulang_aklat/971-642-071-4" title="Natatangi:Mga pinagmulang aklat/971-642-071-4"><bdi>971-642-071-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Philippines%3A+A+Unique+Nation&rft.pub=All-Nations+Publishing+Co.&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=971-642-071-4&rft.aulast=Zaide&rft.aufirst=Sonia+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKomonwelt+ng+Pilipinas" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mga_kawing_panlabas">Mga kawing panlabas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Mga kawing panlabas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Komonwelt_ng_Pilipinas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Mga kawing panlabas"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filipiniana.net/ArtifactView.do?artifactID=MCH000000004">The Present Government of the Philippines</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090212161414/http://www.filipiniana.net/ArtifactView.do?artifactID=MCH000000004">Naka-arkibo</a> 2009-02-12 sa <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Book written by Maximo Kalaw detailing the functions of the different branches of the Philippine Commonwealth</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.houseofdavid.ca/frnlus.htm">Parallel and Divergent Aspects of British Rule in the Raj, French Rule in Indochina, Dutch Rule in the Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia), and American Rule in the Philippines</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archontology.org/nations/philippines/01_polity.php">Philippines: Polity Style: 1897-2009</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303211931/http://www.archontology.org/nations/philippines/01_polity.php">Naka-arkibo</a> 2016-03-03 sa <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.<table class="vertical-navbox" style="float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%"><tbody><tr><td style="padding-top:0.4em;line-height:1.2em;padding-bottom:0.1em;">Bahagi ng <a href="/wiki/Kategorya:Kasaysayan_ng_Pilipinas" title="Kategorya:Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas"><b>isang serye</b></a> tungkol sa</td></tr><tr><th class="vcard navbox-title" style="padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.2em;padding-top:0;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em;padding-top:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Kasaysayan_ng_Pilipinas" title="Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas">Kasaysayan ng <span class="fn org label">Pilipinas</span></a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0.2em 0 0.4em;border-bottom:1px solid #ccc;;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Philippine_History_Collage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7a/Philippine_History_Collage.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="142" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="120" data-file-height="142" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;background:#eee;"> <a href="/wiki/Prehistorya_ng_Pilipinas" title="Prehistorya ng Pilipinas">Maagang Kasaysayan (bago mag-900)</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Taong_Callao" class="mw-redirect" title="Taong Callao">Taong Callao</a> at <a href="/wiki/Taong_Tabon" title="Taong Tabon">Taong Tabon</a></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Negrito" class="mw-redirect" title="Negrito">Pagdating ng mga Negrito</a></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Mga_Petroglipo_ng_Angono" title="Mga Petroglipo ng Angono">Mga Petroglipo ng Angono</a></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Kalinangang_Liangzhu" title="Kalinangang Liangzhu">Kalinangang Liangzhu</a></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Mga_Austronesyo" title="Mga Austronesyo">Pagdating ng mga Austronesyo</a></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Kulturang_batong-lungtian_ng_Pilipinas" title="Kulturang batong-lungtian ng Pilipinas">Kulturang Batong-lungtian</a></td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;background:#eee;"> <a href="/wiki/Kasaysayan_ng_Pilipinas_(900%E2%80%931565)" title="Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas (900–1565)">Panahong Klasikal (900–1565)</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Ma-i" title="Ma-i">Bansa ng Mai</a> (971–1339)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Pulilu" title="Pulilu">Bayan ng Pulilu</a> (????–1225)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Cainta_(Estado)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cainta (Estado)">Bayan ng Cainta </a> (????–1572)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Kaboloan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaboloan">Bayan ng Kaboloan</a> (1406–1576)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Bayan_ng_Tondo" title="Bayan ng Tondo">Bayan ng Tondo</a> (900–1589)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Kaharian_ng_Maynila" title="Kaharian ng Maynila">Kaharian ng Maynila</a> (1258–1571)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Kaharian_ng_Namayan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaharian ng Namayan">Kaharian ng Namayan</a> (1175–1571)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Kadatuan_ng_Madyaas" title="Kadatuan ng Madyaas">Kadatuan ng Madyaas</a> (1080–1569)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Kadatuan_ng_Dapitan" title="Kadatuan ng Dapitan">Kadatuan ng Dapitan</a> (????–1595)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Karahanan_ng_Cebu" title="Karahanan ng Cebu">Karahanan ng Cebu</a> (1200–1565)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Karahanan_ng_Butuan" title="Karahanan ng Butuan">Karahanan ng Butuan</a> (1001–1521)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Sanmalan" title="Sanmalan">Karahanan ng Sanmalan</a> (1011–1899)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Sultanato_ng_Maguindanao" title="Sultanato ng Maguindanao">Kasultanan ng Maguindanao</a> (1515–1888)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Sultanato_ng_Buayan" title="Sultanato ng Buayan">Kasultanan ng Buayan</a> (1350–1905)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Mga_Kumpederadong_Sultanato_ng_Lanao" title="Mga Kumpederadong Sultanato ng Lanao">Mga Sultanato ng Lanao</a> (1616–1904)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Sultanato_ng_Sulu" title="Sultanato ng Sulu">Kasultanan ng Sulu</a> (1405–1915)</td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;background:#eee;"> <a href="/wiki/Kasaysayan_ng_Pilipinas_(1565%E2%80%931898)" title="Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas (1565–1898)">Panahong Kolonyal (1565–1946)</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Kasaysayan_ng_Pilipinas_(1565%E2%80%931898)" title="Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas (1565–1898)">Panahon ng Kastila</a> (1565–1898)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Pananakop_ng_mga_Ingles_sa_Manila" class="mw-redirect" title="Pananakop ng mga Ingles sa Manila">Pamumunong Britaniko</a> (1762–1764)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Silangang_Indiyas_ng_Espanya" title="Silangang Indiyas ng Espanya">Silangang Kaindiyahan ng Kastila</a></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Himagsikang_Pilipino" title="Himagsikang Pilipino">Himagsikang Pilipino</a> (1896–1898)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Katipunan" title="Katipunan">Katipunan</a></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Unang_Republika_ng_Pilipinas" title="Unang Republika ng Pilipinas">Unang Republika</a> (1899–1901)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Kasaysayan_ng_Pilipinas_(1898%E2%80%931946)" title="Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas (1898–1946)">Panahon ng Amerikano</a> (1898–1946)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Digmaang_Pilipino-Amerikano" class="mw-redirect" title="Digmaang Pilipino-Amerikano">Digmaang Pilipino-Amerikano</a> (1899–1902)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Himagsikang_Moro" title="Himagsikang Moro">Himagsikang Moro</a> (1902-1913)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sampamahalaan ng Pilipinas</a> (1935–1942, 1945–1946)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Pananakop_ng_mga_Hapones_sa_Pilipinas" title="Pananakop ng mga Hapones sa Pilipinas">Pananakop ng Hapon</a> (1942–1945)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Ikalawang_Republika_ng_Pilipinas" title="Ikalawang Republika ng Pilipinas">Ikalawang Republika</a> (1943–1945)</td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;background:#eee;"> <a href="/wiki/Ikatlong_Republika_ng_Pilipinas" title="Ikatlong Republika ng Pilipinas">Panahong Kontemporanyo (1946–kasalukuyan)</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Kasaysayan_ng_Pilipinas_(1946%E2%80%931972)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas (1946–1972)">Ikatlong Republika</a> (1946–1972)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Kasaysayan_ng_Pilipinas_(1965%E2%80%931986)" title="Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas (1965–1986)">Diktadurya ni Marcos</a> (1965–1986)</td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Kasaysayan_ng_Pilipinas#Ikalimang_Republika_(1986-Kasalukuyan)" title="Kasaysayan ng Pilipinas">Ikalimang Republika</a> (1986–kasalukuyan)</td> </tr><tr><th style="padding:0.1em;background:#eee;"> <a href="/wiki/Kronolohiya_ng_kasaysayan_ng_Pilipinas" title="Kronolohiya ng kasaysayan ng Pilipinas">Palatakdaan ng oras</a></th></tr><tr><td style="padding:0 0.1em 0.4em"> <a href="/wiki/Kasaysayan_ng_militar_ng_Pilipinas" class="mw-redirect" title="Kasaysayan ng militar ng Pilipinas">Kasaysayang militar</a></td> </tr><tr><td style="padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.3em;font-weight:bold;border-top:1px solid #ccc;text-align:center;"> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Portal-puzzle.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/32px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/48px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Portal-puzzle.svg/64px-Portal-puzzle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="28" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portada:Pilipinas" title="Portada:Pilipinas">Portada ng Pilipinas</a></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:right;font-size:115%;border-top:1px solid #ccc;"><style 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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>33 wika</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Magdagdag ng paksa</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-dock-bottom emptyPortlet" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul> </ul> </div> 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