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class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/genesis/40.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/genesis/40.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />Some time later, the cupbearer and the baker of the king of Egypt offended their master, the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/genesis/40.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />Some time later, Pharaoh’s chief cup-bearer and chief baker offended their royal master.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/genesis/40.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />Some time after this, the cupbearer of the king of Egypt and his baker committed an offense against their lord the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/genesis/40.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />Some time later, the king’s cupbearer and baker offended their master, the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/genesis/40.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And it came to pass after these things, <i>that</i> the butler of the king of Egypt and <i>his</i> baker had offended their lord the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/genesis/40.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />It came to pass after these things <i>that</i> the butler and the baker of the king of Egypt offended their lord, the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/genesis/40.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then it came about after these things, <i>that</i> the cupbearer and the baker for the king of Egypt offended their lord, the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/genesis/40.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />Then it came about after these things, the cupbearer and the baker for the king of Egypt offended their lord, the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/genesis/40.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />Then it came about after these things the cupbearer and the baker for the king of Egypt offended their lord, the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/genesis/40.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />Now it happened that after these things, the cupbearer and the baker for the king of Egypt offended their lord, the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/genesis/40.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />Now some time later, the cupbearer (butler) and the baker for the king of Egypt offended their lord, Egypt’s king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/genesis/40.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />After this, the king of Egypt’s cupbearer and baker offended their master, the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/genesis/40.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />After this, the Egyptian king&#8217s cupbearer and baker offended their master, the king of Egypt. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/genesis/40.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And it came to pass after these things, that the butler of the king of Egypt and his baker offended their lord the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/genesis/40.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And it came to pass after these things, that the butler of the king of Egypt and his baker offended their lord the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/genesis/40.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />Later the king's cupbearer and his baker offended their master, the king of Egypt. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/genesis/40.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />Some time later the king of Egypt's wine steward and his chief baker offended the king. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/genesis/40.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />Some time later, both the senior security advisor to the king of Egypt and his head chef offended their master, Egypt's king. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/genesis/40.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />Some time later, the king?s cupbearer and baker offended their master, the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/genesis/40.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />After these things happened, the cupbearer to the king of Egypt and the royal baker offended their master, the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/genesis/40.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />It happened after these things that the cupbearer of the king of Egypt and his baker offended their lord, the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/genesis/40.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And it came to pass after these things, that the butler of the king of Egypt and his baker had offended their lord the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/genesis/40.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />After these things, the butler of the king of Egypt and his baker offended their lord, the king of Egypt. <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/genesis/40.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />And it comes to pass, after these things—the butler of the king of Egypt and the baker have sinned against their lord, against the king of Egypt;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/genesis/40.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> And it cometh to pass, after these things -- the butler of the king of Egypt and the baker have sinned against their lord, against the king of Egypt;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/genesis/40.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And it will be after these words, The cup-bearer of the king of Egypt, and the baker, sinned to their lord the king of Egypt.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/genesis/40.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />After this, it came to pass, that two eunuchs, the butler and the baker of the king of Egypt, offended their lord. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/genesis/40.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />While these things were going on, it happened that two eunuchs, the cupbearer of the king of Egypt, and the miller of grain, offended their lord.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/genesis/40.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />Some time afterward, the royal cupbearer and baker offended their lord, the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/genesis/40.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />Some time after this, the cupbearer of the king of Egypt and his baker offended their lord the king of Egypt.<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/genesis/40.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />AND it came to pass after these things that the chief butler of the king of Egypt and the chief baker had offended their lord the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/genesis/40.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And it was after these events, the Chief of Drink of the King of Egypt and the Chief Baker sinned against their Lord, the King of Egypt.<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/genesis/40.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And it came to pass after these things, that the butler of the king of Egypt and his baker offended their lord the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/genesis/40.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And it came to pass after these things, that the chief cupbearer of the king of Egypt and the chief baker trespassed against their lord the king of Egypt.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/genesis/40-1.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/7ehevn8iSgc?start=10105" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/genesis/40.htm">The Cupbearer and the Baker</a></span><br> <span class="reftext">1</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/1961.htm" title="1961: way·hî (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To fall out, come to pass, become, be. A primitive root; to exist, i.e. Be or become, come to pass."></a> <a href="/hebrew/310.htm" title="310: ’a·ḥar (Adv) -- The hind or following part. From 'achar; properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after.">Some time later,</a> <a href="/hebrew/1697.htm" title="1697: had·də·ḇā·rîm (Art:: N-mp) -- Speech, word. From dabar; a word; by implication, a matter or thing; adverbially, a cause."></a> <a href="/hebrew/428.htm" title="428: hā·’êl·leh (Art:: Pro-cp) -- These. Prolonged from 'el; these or those."></a> <a href="/hebrew/4714.htm" title="4714: miṣ·ra·yim (N-proper-fs) -- A son of Ham, also his desc. and their country in N.W. Africa. Dual of matsowr; Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt."></a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: me·leḵ- (N-msc) -- King. From malak; a king.">the king’s</a> <a href="/hebrew/4945.htm" title="4945: maš·qêh (N-msc) -- From shaqah; properly, causing to drink, i.e. A butler; by implication, drink; figuratively, a well-watered region.">cupbearer</a> <a href="/hebrew/644.htm" title="644: wə·hā·’ō·p̄eh (Conj-w, Art:: V-Qal-Prtcpl-ms) -- To bake. A primitive root; to cook, especially to bake.">and baker</a> <a href="/hebrew/2398.htm" title="2398: ḥā·ṭə·’ū (V-Qal-Perf-3cp) -- A primitive root; properly, to miss; hence to sin; by inference, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, lead astray, condemn.">offended</a> <a href="/hebrew/113.htm" title="113: la·’ă·ḏō·nê·hem (Prep-l:: N-mpc:: 3mp) -- Lord. Or adon; from an unused root; sovereign, i.e. Controller.">their master,</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: lə·me·leḵ (Prep-l:: N-msc) -- King. From malak; a king.">the king</a> <a href="/hebrew/4714.htm" title="4714: miṣ·rā·yim (N-proper-fs) -- A son of Ham, also his desc. and their country in N.W. Africa. Dual of matsowr; Mitsrajim, i.e. Upper and Lower Egypt.">of Egypt.</a> </span><span class="reftext">2</span>Pharaoh was angry with his two officers, the chief cupbearer and the chief baker,…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/39-20.htm">Genesis 39:20</a></span><br />So Joseph’s master took him and had him thrown into the prison where the king’s prisoners were confined. While Joseph was there in the prison,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/genesis/41-9.htm">Genesis 41:9-13</a></span><br />Then the chief cupbearer said to Pharaoh, “Today I recall my failures. / Pharaoh was once angry with his servants, and he put me and the chief baker in the custody of the captain of the guard. / One night both the chief baker and I had dreams, and each dream had its own meaning. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/nehemiah/1-11.htm">Nehemiah 1:11</a></span><br />O Lord, may Your ear be attentive to my prayer and to the prayers of Your servants who delight to revere Your name. Give Your servant success this day, I pray, and grant him mercy in the sight of this man.” (At that time I was the cupbearer to the king.)<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/esther/2-21.htm">Esther 2:21-23</a></span><br />In those days, while Mordecai was sitting at the king’s gate, Bigthan and Teresh, two of the king’s eunuchs who guarded the entrance, grew angry and conspired to assassinate King Xerxes. / When Mordecai learned of the plot, he reported it to Queen Esther, and she informed the king on Mordecai’s behalf. / After the report had been investigated and verified, both officials were hanged on the gallows. And all this was recorded in the Book of the Chronicles in the presence of the king.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/daniel/1-9.htm">Daniel 1:9</a></span><br />Now God had granted Daniel favor and compassion from the chief official,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/daniel/2-48.htm">Daniel 2:48-49</a></span><br />Then the king promoted Daniel and gave him many generous gifts. He made him ruler over the entire province of Babylon and chief administrator over all the wise men of Babylon. / And at Daniel’s request, the king appointed Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego to manage the province of Babylon, while Daniel remained in the king’s court.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/daniel/5-11.htm">Daniel 5:11-14</a></span><br />There is a man in your kingdom who has the spirit of the holy gods in him. In the days of your father he was found to have insight, intelligence, and wisdom like that of the gods. Your father, King Nebuchadnezzar, appointed him chief of the magicians, enchanters, astrologers, and diviners. Your own father, the king, / did this because Daniel, the one he named Belteshazzar, was found to have an extraordinary spirit, as well as knowledge, understanding, and the ability to interpret dreams, explain riddles, and solve difficult problems. Summon Daniel, therefore, and he will give you the interpretation.” / So Daniel was brought before the king, who asked him, “Are you Daniel, one of the exiles my father the king brought from Judah? ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/14-3.htm">Matthew 14:3-4</a></span><br />Now Herod had arrested John and bound him and put him in prison on account of Herodias, his brother Philip’s wife, / because John had been telling him, “It is not lawful for you to have her.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/27-15.htm">Matthew 27:15-18</a></span><br />Now it was the governor’s custom at the feast to release to the crowd a prisoner of their choosing. / At that time they were holding a notorious prisoner named Barabbas. / So when the crowd had assembled, Pilate asked them, “Which one do you want me to release to you: Barabbas, or Jesus who is called Christ?” ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/mark/6-17.htm">Mark 6:17-20</a></span><br />For Herod himself had ordered that John be arrested and bound and imprisoned, on account of his brother Philip’s wife Herodias, whom Herod had married. / For John had been telling Herod, “It is not lawful for you to have your brother’s wife!” / So Herodias held a grudge against John and wanted to kill him. But she had been unable, ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/3-19.htm">Luke 3:19-20</a></span><br />But when he rebuked Herod the tetrarch regarding his brother’s wife Herodias and all the evils he had done, / Herod added this to them all: He locked John up in prison.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/23-19.htm">Luke 23:19</a></span><br />(Barabbas had been imprisoned for an insurrection in the city, and for murder.)<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/5-17.htm">Acts 5:17-18</a></span><br />Then the high priest and all his associates, who belonged to the party of the Sadducees, were filled with jealousy. They went out / and arrested the apostles and put them in the public jail.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/12-1.htm">Acts 12:1-4</a></span><br />About that time, King Herod reached out to harm some who belonged to the church. / He had James, the brother of John, put to death with the sword. / And seeing that this pleased the Jews, Herod proceeded to seize Peter during the Feast of Unleavened Bread. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/16-23.htm">Acts 16:23-24</a></span><br />And after striking them with many blows, they threw them into prison and ordered the jailer to guard them securely. / On receiving this order, he placed them in the inner cell and fastened their feet in the stocks.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And it came to pass after these things, that the butler of the king of Egypt and his baker had offended their lord the king of Egypt.</p><p class="hdg">it came.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/genesis/39-20.htm">Genesis 39:20-23</a></b></br> And Joseph's master took him, and put him into the prison, a place where the king's prisoners <i>were</i> bound: and he was there in the prison… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/esther/6-1.htm">Esther 6:1</a></b></br> On that night could not the king sleep, and he commanded to bring the book of records of the chronicles; and they were read before the king.</p><p class="hdg">the butler.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/genesis/40-13.htm">Genesis 40:13</a></b></br> Yet within three days shall Pharaoh lift up thine head, and restore thee unto thy place: and thou shalt deliver Pharaoh's cup into his hand, after the former manner when thou wast his butler.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/nehemiah/1-11.htm">Nehemiah 1:11</a></b></br> O Lord, I beseech thee, let now thine ear be attentive to the prayer of thy servant, and to the prayer of thy servants, who desire to fear thy name: and prosper, I pray thee, thy servant this day, and grant him mercy in the sight of this man. For I was the king's cupbearer.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/nehemiah/2-1.htm">Nehemiah 2:1,2</a></b></br> And it came to pass in the month Nisan, in the twentieth year of Artaxerxes the king, <i>that</i> wine <i>was</i> before him: and I took up the wine, and gave <i>it</i> unto the king. Now I had not been <i>beforetime</i> sad in his presence… </p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/hosea/7-6.htm">Baker</a> <a href="/hosea/7-4.htm">Bread-Maker</a> <a href="/genesis/41-9.htm">Butler</a> <a href="/genesis/39-23.htm">Care</a> <a href="/genesis/39-23.htm">Chief</a> <a href="/nehemiah/1-11.htm">Cupbearer</a> <a href="/nehemiah/1-11.htm">Cup-Bearer</a> <a href="/genesis/39-1.htm">Egypt</a> <a href="/genesis/39-18.htm">House</a> <a href="/genesis/38-24.htm">Later</a> <a href="/genesis/39-20.htm">Master</a> <a href="/genesis/20-9.htm">Offended</a> <a href="/genesis/32-19.htm">Orders</a> <a href="/genesis/39-1.htm">Pharaoh's</a> <a href="/genesis/39-19.htm">Servant</a> <a href="/genesis/20-9.htm">Sinned</a> <a href="/genesis/38-17.htm">Something</a> <a href="/genesis/39-11.htm">Time</a> <a href="/genesis/27-37.htm">Wine</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/genesis/40-2.htm">Baker</a> <a href="/genesis/40-2.htm">Bread-Maker</a> <a href="/genesis/40-2.htm">Butler</a> <a href="/genesis/40-3.htm">Care</a> <a href="/genesis/40-2.htm">Chief</a> <a href="/genesis/40-2.htm">Cupbearer</a> <a href="/genesis/40-5.htm">Cup-Bearer</a> <a href="/genesis/40-5.htm">Egypt</a> <a href="/genesis/40-3.htm">House</a> <a href="/genesis/48-1.htm">Later</a> <a href="/genesis/44-5.htm">Master</a> <a href="/2_kings/18-14.htm">Offended</a> <a href="/genesis/41-40.htm">Orders</a> <a href="/genesis/40-7.htm">Pharaoh's</a> <a href="/genesis/41-12.htm">Servant</a> <a href="/genesis/43-9.htm">Sinned</a> <a href="/exodus/2-20.htm">Something</a> <a href="/genesis/40-4.htm">Time</a> <a href="/genesis/44-5.htm">Wine</a><div class="vheading2">Genesis 40</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/genesis/40-1.htm">The chief butler and baker of Pharaoh are also imprisoned.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">5. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/genesis/40-5.htm">Joseph interprets their dreams.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">20. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/genesis/40-20.htm">They are accomplished according to his interpretation.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">23. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/genesis/40-23.htm">The ingratitude of the butler, in forgetting Joseph.</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/genesis/40.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/genesis/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/genesis/40.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>Some time later</b><br>This phrase indicates a passage of time since the previous events in Joseph's life, specifically his imprisonment. It suggests a period of waiting and testing for Joseph, which is a recurring theme in his story. The concept of waiting is significant in biblical narratives, often associated with spiritual growth and preparation for future roles, as seen in the lives of other biblical figures like Moses and David.<p><b>the king’s cupbearer and baker</b><br>The cupbearer and baker were important officials in the Egyptian court, responsible for the king's food and drink. Their roles were crucial for the king's safety, as they protected him from potential poisoning. This highlights the trust and responsibility placed on these individuals. The mention of these specific roles provides insight into the structure and hierarchy of ancient Egyptian society, where such positions were held by trusted servants.<p><b>offended their master,</b><br>The term "offended" suggests a serious breach of trust or misconduct. In ancient Near Eastern courts, offenses by royal officials could lead to severe consequences, including imprisonment or execution. This reflects the absolute authority of the king and the precarious nature of serving in his court. The narrative sets the stage for Joseph's interaction with these officials, which will play a pivotal role in his eventual rise to power.<p><b>the king of Egypt.</b><br>The "king of Egypt" refers to Pharaoh, the ruler of one of the most powerful and advanced civilizations of the ancient world. Egypt was known for its wealth, architectural achievements, and complex social structure. The mention of Pharaoh connects the story to the broader historical and cultural context of the time, emphasizing the significance of Joseph's eventual influence in such a prominent empire. This also foreshadows Joseph's future role in God's plan to preserve the Israelites during a time of famine, as he gains favor with Pharaoh.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/c/cupbearer.htm">Cupbearer</a></b><br>An official in the royal court responsible for serving wine to the king. This position required a high level of trust, as the cupbearer was responsible for ensuring the king's drink was not poisoned.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/b/baker.htm">Baker</a></b><br>Another royal official responsible for preparing bread and other baked goods for the king. Like the cupbearer, the baker held a position of trust within the royal household.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/k/king_of_egypt.htm">King of Egypt (Pharaoh)</a></b><br>The ruler of Egypt, considered a god by his people. His favor or disfavor could significantly impact the lives of those in his court.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/o/offense.htm">Offense</a></b><br>The specific nature of the offense committed by the cupbearer and baker is not detailed in this verse, but it was serious enough to warrant the king's displeasure.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/e/egypt.htm">Egypt</a></b><br>A powerful and influential ancient civilization, often seen in the Bible as a place of both refuge and oppression for the Israelites.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/t/trust_and_responsibility.htm">Trust and Responsibility</a></b><br>The roles of the cupbearer and baker highlight the importance of trust and responsibility in positions of service. As Christians, we are called to be trustworthy in our duties, reflecting integrity and faithfulness.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/d/divine_providence.htm">Divine Providence</a></b><br>This event sets the stage for Joseph's rise to power in Egypt, demonstrating God's providential hand in orchestrating events for His purposes. We can trust that God is at work in our lives, even when circumstances seem unfavorable.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/c/consequences_of_actions.htm">Consequences of Actions</a></b><br>The offense of the cupbearer and baker reminds us that our actions have consequences. We must be mindful of our behavior and its impact on others, especially those in authority.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/god's_timing.htm">God's Timing</a></b><br>The phrase "some time later" indicates a period of waiting. Joseph's account teaches us patience and trust in God's timing, knowing that He is working all things for our good.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_genesis_40.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Genesis 40</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/evidence_for_pharaoh's_cupbearer,_baker.htm">Does any historical or archaeological evidence support the existence and role of the Pharaoh’s cupbearer and baker as described in Genesis 40:1–3? </a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_was_a_cupbearer's_role_in_the_bible.htm">What role did a cupbearer serve in the Bible?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_defines_a_pulpit.htm">What role did a cupbearer serve in the Bible?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_does_genesis_40_8_fit_science.htm">How can the seemingly supernatural power to interpret dreams in Genesis 40:8 be reconciled with a scientific worldview?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/genesis/40.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>XL.<p>JOSEPH INTERPRETS THE DREAMS OF THE CHIEF BUTLER AND BAKER.</span><p>(1) <span class= "bld">Butler.</span>--Heb., <span class= "ital">one who gives to drink, </span>cupbearer. As we learn in <a href="/genesis/40-11.htm" title="And Pharaoh's cup was in my hand: and I took the grapes, and pressed them into Pharaoh's cup, and I gave the cup into Pharaoh's hand.">Genesis 40:11</a> that it was grapewine which he gave the king to drink, this chapter has been the main dependence of the new critics for their proof that the Book of Genesis was not written by Moses. For Herod. (i. 77) says, "The Egyptians make use of wine prepared from barley, because there are no vineyards in their country." As Herodotus was thirteen centuries later than the time of Joseph, they argue not only that the vine could not have been introduced into Egypt at so early a date, but that the records of Joseph's life could not have been put together by anyone acquainted with Egypt, in spite of their exact knowledge in all other respects of Egyptian customs. But when we turn to Herodotus himself, we find the most complete refutation of the previous statement. For, in Book ii. 37, speaking of the liberal treatment of the priests, he says, that they had an allowance of "grape-wine." Again, in Genesis 39, he tells us that it was the custom to pour wine on a victim about to be sacrificed. To one used to the extensive vineyards of Greece and Asia Minor, the comparative scarcity of the vine, and the use of another ordinary drink in its place, would be striking; but that he was guilty of gross exaggeration in his statement is proved by evidence far more trustworthy than his own writings. For, on the tombs at Beni-hassan, which are anterior to the time of Joseph, on those at Thebes, and on the Pyramids, are representations of vines grown in every way, except that usual in Italy, festooned on trees; there is every process of the vintage, grapes in baskets, men trampling them in vats, various forms of presses for squeezing out the juice, jars for storing it, and various processes, even of the fermentation, noticed. Numerous engravings of the sculptures and paintings on these ancient monuments may be seen in Wilkinson's <span class= "ital">Egypt; </span>and most abundant evidence of the culture of the vine in ancient Egypt has been collected, and an account of the vines grown there given in Malan's <span class= "ital">Philosophy or Truth, </span>pp. 31-39. It neither is nor ever was a great wine-producing country, but the vine existed from one end of the country to the other, as it does at this day.<p><span class= "bld">Baker.</span>--Wilkinson, <span class= "ital">Ancient Egyptians, </span>ii. 38, 39, gives proof from the monuments, that they had carried the art of making confectionery to very great perfection.<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/genesis/40.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 1.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">And it came to pass</span> (literally, <span class="accented">and it was</span>) <span class="cmt_word">after these things</span> (literally, <span class="accented">words</span>, <span class="accented">i.e.</span> after the transactions just re. corded), <span class="cmt_word">that the butler</span> - <span class="hebrew">מָשְׁקֶה</span>, the hiph. part. of <span class="hebrew">שָׁקָה</span>, to drink, signifies one who causes to drink, hence cupbearer (cf. ver. 11) - <span class="cmt_word">of the king of Egypt and his baker</span> - the <span class="hebrew">אֹפֶה</span> (part. of <span class="hebrew">אָפָה</span>, to cook or bake) was the officer who prepared the king's food. The monuments show that the Egyptians had carried the arts of the confectioner and cook to a high degree of perfection (<span class="accented">vide</span> Hengstenberg, 'Egypt and the Books of Moses,' p. 27; Wilkinson, 'Ancient Egyptians,' 2:33-39, ed. 1878) - <span class="cmt_word">had offended</span> (or sinned against) <span class="cmt_word">their lord</span> (literally, <span class="accented">against</span>, the preposition being repeated) <span class="cmt_word">the king of Egypt</span> - whom they had attempted to poison (the Targum of Jonathan), though this of course is only a conjecture in the absence of specific information. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/genesis/40-1.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">Some time later,</span><br /><span class="heb">אַחַר֙</span> <span class="translit">(’a·ḥar)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adverb<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_310.htm">Strong's 310: </a> </span><span class="str2">The hind or following part</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the king’s</span><br /><span class="heb">מֶֽלֶךְ־</span> <span class="translit">(me·leḵ-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><br /><span class="word">cupbearer</span><br /><span class="heb">מַשְׁקֵ֥ה</span> <span class="translit">(maš·qêh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4945.htm">Strong's 4945: </a> </span><span class="str2">Causing to drink, a butler, drink, a well-watered region</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and baker</span><br /><span class="heb">וְהָאֹפֶ֑ה</span> <span class="translit">(wə·hā·’ō·p̄eh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw, Article | Verb - Qal - Participle - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_644.htm">Strong's 644: </a> </span><span class="str2">To cook, to bake</span><br /><br /><span class="word">offended</span><br /><span class="heb">חָֽטְא֛וּ</span> <span class="translit">(ḥā·ṭə·’ū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person common plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2398.htm">Strong's 2398: </a> </span><span class="str2">To miss, to sin, to forfeit, lack, expiate, repent, lead astray, condemn</span><br /><br /><span class="word">their master,</span><br /><span class="heb">לַאֲדֹנֵיהֶ֖ם</span> <span class="translit">(la·’ă·ḏō·nê·hem)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural construct | third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_113.htm">Strong's 113: </a> </span><span class="str2">Sovereign, controller</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the king</span><br /><span class="heb">לְמֶ֥לֶךְ</span> <span class="translit">(lə·me·leḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Egypt.</span><br /><span class="heb">מִצְרָֽיִם׃</span> <span class="translit">(miṣ·rā·yim)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4714.htm">Strong's 4714: </a> </span><span class="str2">Egypt -- a son of Ham, also his descendants and their country in Northwest Africa</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/genesis/40-1.htm">Genesis 40:1 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/genesis/40-1.htm">Genesis 40:1 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/genesis/40-1.htm">Genesis 40:1 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/genesis/40-1.htm">Genesis 40:1 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/genesis/40-1.htm">Genesis 40:1 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/genesis/40-1.htm">Genesis 40:1 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/genesis/40-1.htm">Genesis 40:1 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/genesis/40-1.htm">Genesis 40:1 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/genesis/40-1.htm">Genesis 40:1 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/genesis/40-1.htm">Genesis 40:1 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/genesis/40-1.htm">OT Law: Genesis 40:1 It happened after these things that (Gen. Ge Gn)</a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/genesis/39-23.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Genesis 39:23"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Genesis 39:23" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/genesis/40-2.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Genesis 40:2"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Genesis 40:2" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>