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Available in 46 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A" title="قلي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قلي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Смажанне – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Смажанне" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Пържене – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пържене" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fregida" title="Fregida – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fregida" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sma%C5%BEen%C3%AD" title="Smažení – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Smažení" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ffrio" title="Ffrio – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Ffrio" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praadimine" title="Praadimine – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Praadimine" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Τηγάνισμα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τηγάνισμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritura" title="Fritura – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Fritura" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritado" title="Fritado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fritado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frijitu" title="Frijitu – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Frijitu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AE_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86" title="سرخ کردن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سرخ کردن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Friture" title="Friture – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Friture" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Տապակում – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տապակում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C5%BEenje" title="Prženje – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Prženje" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penggorengan_(masakan)" title="Penggorengan (masakan) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penggorengan (masakan)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steiking" title="Steiking – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Steiking" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frittura" title="Frittura – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Frittura" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%99%D7%92%D7%95%D7%9F" title="טיגון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טיגון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nggor%C3%A8ng" title="Nggorèng – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Nggorèng" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepimas" title="Kepimas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kepimas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritura" title="Fritura – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Fritura" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%87" title="तळणे – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तळणे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goreng" title="Goreng – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Goreng" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BC%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ကြော်ခြင်း – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကြော်ခြင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steking" title="Steking – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Steking" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steiking" title="Steiking – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Steiking" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE" title="ਤਲਣਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤਲਣਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sma%C5%BCenie" title="Smażenie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Smażenie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fritura" title="Fritura – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fritura" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%B5" title="Жаренье – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Жаренье" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skuqja_(m%C3%ABnyr%C3%AB_e_gatimit)" title="Skuqja (mënyrë e gatimit) – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Skuqja (mënyrë e gatimit)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frying" title="Frying – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Frying" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pra%C5%BEenie_(na_tuku)" title="Praženie (na tuku) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Praženie (na tuku)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cvrenje" title="Cvrenje – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Cvrenje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Пржење – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пржење" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paistaminen" title="Paistaminen – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Paistaminen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stekning" title="Stekning – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Stekning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prito" title="Prito – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Prito" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="பொரித்தல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பொரித்தல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%81" title="వేపుడు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="వేపుడు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%94" title="การทอด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การทอด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%B1zartma" title="Kızartma – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kızartma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Смаження – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Смаження" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A1n" title="Rán – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Rán" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%85%8E%E7%82%B8" title="煎炸 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="煎炸" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q300472#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Frying" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Frying" 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Cooking of food in oil or another fat</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses of "fry" or "frying", see <a href="/wiki/Fry_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Fry (disambiguation)">Fry</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid 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0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Frying" title="Special:EditPage/Frying">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Frying%22">"Frying"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Frying%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Frying%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Frying%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Frying%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Frying%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PLAINTAIN.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/PLAINTAIN.jpg/220px-PLAINTAIN.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/PLAINTAIN.jpg/330px-PLAINTAIN.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/PLAINTAIN.jpg/440px-PLAINTAIN.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3120" data-file-height="4160" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fried_plantain" title="Fried plantain">Fried plantain</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Frying</b> is the <a href="/wiki/Cooking" title="Cooking">cooking</a> of food in <a href="/wiki/Cooking_oil" title="Cooking oil">oil</a> or another <a href="/wiki/Fat" title="Fat">fat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similar to <a href="/wiki/Saut%C3%A9ing" title="Sautéing">sautéing</a>, pan-fried foods are generally turned over once or twice during cooking to make sure that the food is evenly cooked, using <a href="/wiki/Tongs" title="Tongs">tongs</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Spatula" title="Spatula">spatula</a>, whilst sautéed foods are cooked by "tossing in the pan".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A large variety of foods may be fried. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frying&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Frying&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2009</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Morozov_AI_009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Morozov_AI_009.jpg/220px-Morozov_AI_009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Morozov_AI_009.jpg/330px-Morozov_AI_009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Morozov_AI_009.jpg/440px-Morozov_AI_009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="563" data-file-height="456" /></a><figcaption>A painting by the Russian artist <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Ivanovich_Morozov" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Ivanovich Morozov">A. I. Morozov</a> showing frying in the open air</figcaption></figure> <p>Frying is believed to have first appeared in the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">Ancient Egyptian</a> <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_cuisine" title="Ancient Egyptian cuisine">kitchen</a>, during the <a href="/wiki/Old_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Old Kingdom of Egypt">Old Kingdom</a>, around 2500 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-Tannahill_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tannahill-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Around the Middle Ages, fried food became a common delicacy for wealthy people, with fried meats and vegetables becoming popular dishes.<sup id="cite_ref-Gambero_Rosso_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gambero_Rosso-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is believed that frying was created, and used, as a way to preserve food. <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variations">Variations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frying&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Variations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Unlike water, fats can reach <a href="/wiki/Temperature" title="Temperature">temperatures</a> much higher than 100°C (212°F) before boiling. This paired with their heat absorption properties, neutral or desired taste, and non-toxicity, makes them uniquely valuable in cooking, especially frying. As a result, they are used in a wide variety of cuisines. </p><p>Through frying, one can sear or even <a href="/wiki/Carbonization" title="Carbonization">carbonize</a> the surface of foods while <a href="/wiki/Caramelization" title="Caramelization">caramelizing</a> sugars. The food is cooked much more quickly and has a characteristic crispness and texture. Depending on the food, the fat will penetrate it to varying degrees, contributing richness, lubricity, its own flavour, and calories. </p><p>Frying techniques vary in the amount of fat required, the cooking time, the type of cooking vessel required, and the manipulation of the food. <a href="/wiki/Saut%C3%A9ing" title="Sautéing">Sautéing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stir_frying" title="Stir frying">stir-frying</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pan_frying" title="Pan frying">pan frying</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shallow_frying" title="Shallow frying">shallow frying</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deep_frying" title="Deep frying">deep frying</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Air_fryer" class="mw-redirect" title="Air fryer">air frying</a> are all standard frying techniques. </p><p>Pan-frying, sautéing, and stir-frying involve cooking foods in a thin layer of fat on a hot surface, such as a <a href="/wiki/Frying_pan" title="Frying pan">frying pan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Griddle" title="Griddle">griddle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wok" title="Wok">wok</a>, or sautee. Stir frying involves frying quickly at very high temperatures, requiring that the food be stirred continuously to prevent it from adhering to the cooking surface and burning. </p><p>Shallow frying is a type of <a href="/wiki/Pan_frying" title="Pan frying">pan frying</a> using only enough fat to immerse approximately one-third to one-half of each piece of food; fat used in this technique is typically only used once. Deep-frying, on the other hand, involves totally immersing the food in hot oil, which is normally topped up and used several times before being disposed of. Deep-frying is typically a much more involved process and may require specialized oils for optimal results. </p><p>Deep frying is now the basis of a very large and expanding worldwide industry. Fried products have consumer appeal in all age groups and in virtually all cultures, and the process is quick, can easily be made continuous for mass production, and the food emerges sterile and dry, with a relatively long shelf life. The end products can then be easily packaged for storage and distribution. Some include <a href="/wiki/Potato_chip" title="Potato chip">potato chips</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_fries" title="French fries">French fries</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nut_(fruit)" title="Nut (fruit)">nuts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doughnut" title="Doughnut">doughnuts</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Instant_noodles" title="Instant noodles">instant noodles</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health">Health</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frying&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A 2021 <a href="/wiki/Meta-analysis" title="Meta-analysis">meta-analysis</a> found that the highest category of fried food consumption compared to the lowest is associated with a 3% increase in the risk of all-cause <a href="/wiki/Mortality_rate" title="Mortality rate">mortality</a>, as well as with a 2% increase in the risk of <a href="/wiki/Cardiovascular_disease" title="Cardiovascular disease">cardiovascular</a> mortality.<sup id="cite_ref-qin-mortality_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qin-mortality-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Compared to participants with a low intake, those who ate the most fried food had a 37% increased risk of <a href="/wiki/Heart_failure" title="Heart failure">heart failure</a>, a 28% increased risk of major cardiovascular events, and a 22% increased risk of <a href="/wiki/Coronary_heart_disease" class="mw-redirect" title="Coronary heart disease">coronary heart disease</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-qin-mortality_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qin-mortality-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The risk of <a href="/wiki/Stroke" title="Stroke">stroke</a>, heart failure, and <a href="/wiki/Myocardial_infarction" title="Myocardial infarction">heart attack</a> modestly increased with the increase of weekly servings of fried food.<sup id="cite_ref-qin-mortality_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qin-mortality-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The study concluded that fried food consumption may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and presents a linear <a href="/wiki/Dose%E2%80%93response_relationship" title="Dose–response relationship">dose-response relation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-qin-mortality_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qin-mortality-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The researchers theorized the main reasons behind these associations are the high trans fat and calorie content of fried foods and their <a href="/wiki/Pro-inflammatory" class="mw-redirect" title="Pro-inflammatory">pro-inflammatory</a> nature.<sup id="cite_ref-qin-mortality_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qin-mortality-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also noted that eating <a href="/wiki/Hyperpalatable" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperpalatable">hyperpalatable</a> crisp-fried foods may entice people to engage in routine overeating.<sup id="cite_ref-qin-mortality_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qin-mortality-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A 2023 meta-analysis found that fried food consumption is linked to a 52% increase in the risk of <a href="/wiki/Stomach_cancer" title="Stomach cancer">stomach cancer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fried food intake is also associated with <a href="/wiki/Prehypertension" title="Prehypertension">prehypertension</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-provido_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-provido-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hypertension" title="Hypertension">hypertension</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-provido_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-provido-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-qin-diseases_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qin-diseases-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Obesity" title="Obesity">obesity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-qin-diseases_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-qin-diseases-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cooking_Tofu_(17073564921).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tofu being fried"><img alt="Tofu being fried" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Cooking_Tofu_%2817073564921%29.jpg/200px-Cooking_Tofu_%2817073564921%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Cooking_Tofu_%2817073564921%29.jpg/300px-Cooking_Tofu_%2817073564921%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Cooking_Tofu_%2817073564921%29.jpg/400px-Cooking_Tofu_%2817073564921%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4269" data-file-height="2443" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tofu being fried</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gordurema.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fried polenta, French fries, and fried chicken at a Brazilian eatery"><img alt="Fried polenta, French fries, and fried chicken at a Brazilian eatery" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Gordurema.jpg/200px-Gordurema.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Gordurema.jpg/300px-Gordurema.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Gordurema.jpg/400px-Gordurema.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Fried <a href="/wiki/Polenta" title="Polenta">polenta</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_fries" title="French fries">French fries</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fried_chicken" title="Fried chicken">fried chicken</a> at a Brazilian eatery</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pakoras_in_Jaipur.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pakora is a fried snack, popular throughout the Indian subcontinent, served in Jaipur, India."><img alt="Pakora is a fried snack, popular throughout the Indian subcontinent, served in Jaipur, India." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Pakoras_in_Jaipur.jpg/200px-Pakoras_in_Jaipur.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Pakoras_in_Jaipur.jpg/300px-Pakoras_in_Jaipur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Pakoras_in_Jaipur.jpg/400px-Pakoras_in_Jaipur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3039" data-file-height="2014" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pakora" title="Pakora">Pakora</a> is a fried snack, popular throughout the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>, served in <a href="/wiki/Jaipur,_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaipur, India">Jaipur, India</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Guasteddra_dolce_Caltanissetta_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Guastedde a fried Sicilian dessert, in a shop window"><img alt="Guastedde a fried Sicilian dessert, in a shop window" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Guasteddra_dolce_Caltanissetta_01.jpg/150px-Guasteddra_dolce_Caltanissetta_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Guasteddra_dolce_Caltanissetta_01.jpg/225px-Guasteddra_dolce_Caltanissetta_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Guasteddra_dolce_Caltanissetta_01.jpg/300px-Guasteddra_dolce_Caltanissetta_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Guasteddra" title="Guasteddra">Guastedde</a> a fried Sicilian dessert, in a shop window</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frying&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/48px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/64px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cooking_oil" title="Cooking oil">Cooking oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saut%C3%A9ing" title="Sautéing">Sautéing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stir_frying" title="Stir frying">Stir frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_frying" title="Pan frying">Pan frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentle_frying" title="Gentle frying">Gentle frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shallow_frying" title="Shallow frying">Shallow frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_frying" title="Deep frying">Deep frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_fryer" class="mw-redirect" title="Air fryer">Air fryer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacuum_fryer" title="Vacuum fryer">Vacuum fryer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fried_dough_foods" title="List of fried dough foods">List of fried dough foods</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frying&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chemically, oils and fats are the same, differing only in <a href="/wiki/Melting_point" title="Melting point">melting point</a>, and the distinction is only made when needed. Foods can be fried in a variety of <a href="/wiki/Fat" title="Fat">fats</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Lard" title="Lard">lard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vegetable_oil" title="Vegetable oil">vegetable oil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rapeseed_oil" title="Rapeseed oil">rapeseed oil</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Olive_oil" title="Olive oil">olive oil</a>. In commerce, many fats are called oils by custom, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Palm_oil" title="Palm oil">palm oil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coconut_oil" title="Coconut oil">coconut oil</a>, which are solid at <a href="/wiki/Room_temperature" title="Room temperature">room temperature</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frying&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFeditorEscoffierHunter1977" class="citation book cs1">editor, Prosper Montagné ; American; Escoffier, Charlotte Turgeon ; pref. by Robert J. Courtine ; original preface by Auguste; Hunter, Philéas Gilbert ; text translated from the French by Marion (1977). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newlaroussegastr00mont_0/page/299"><i>The New Larousse Gastronomique : The Encyclopedia of Food, Wine & Cookery</i></a></span>. New York: Crown Publishers. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/newlaroussegastr00mont_0/page/299">299, 307</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-517-53137-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-517-53137-2"><bdi>0-517-53137-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Larousse+Gastronomique+%3A+The+Encyclopedia+of+Food%2C+Wine+%26+Cookery&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=299%2C+307&rft.pub=Crown+Publishers&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0-517-53137-2&rft.aulast=editor&rft.aufirst=Prosper+Montagn%C3%A9+%3B+American&rft.au=Escoffier%2C+Charlotte+Turgeon+%3B+pref.+by+Robert+J.+Courtine+%3B+original+preface+by+Auguste&rft.au=Hunter%2C+Phil%C3%A9as+Gilbert+%3B+text+translated+from+the+French+by+Marion&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnewlaroussegastr00mont_0%2Fpage%2F299&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrying" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|last1=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeterson2003" class="citation book cs1">Peterson, James (April 2003). <i>Essentials of Cooking</i>. Artisan Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57965-236-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57965-236-4"><bdi>978-1-57965-236-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Essentials+of+Cooking&rft.pub=Artisan+Books&rft.date=2003-04&rft.isbn=978-1-57965-236-4&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tannahill-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Tannahill_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tannahill, Reay. (1995). <i>Food in History</i>. Three Rivers Press. p. 75</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gambero_Rosso-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gambero_Rosso_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gamberorossointernational.com/news/history-of-fried-food-amid-myth-and-legend/">"History of frying. How the Italian mixed fry was born"</a>. <i>Gambero Rosso International</i>. 2021-04-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gambero+Rosso+International&rft.atitle=History+of+frying.+How+the+Italian+mixed+fry+was+born&rft.date=2021-04-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gamberorossointernational.com%2Fnews%2Fhistory-of-fried-food-amid-myth-and-legend%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.timotis.com/news-1/deep-fried-food">"Why Do We Fry Food in Oil?"</a>. <i>Timoti's</i>. 27 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-03-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Timoti%27s&rft.atitle=Why+Do+We+Fry+Food+in+Oil%3F&rft.date=2023-01-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timotis.com%2Fnews-1%2Fdeep-fried-food&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-qin-mortality-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-qin-mortality_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-qin-mortality_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-qin-mortality_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-qin-mortality_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-qin-mortality_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-qin-mortality_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQinZhangHanLiu2021" class="citation journal cs1">Qin P, Zhang M, Han M, Liu D, Luo X, Xu L, Zeng Y, Chen Q, Wang T, Chen X, Zhou Q, Li Q, Qie R, Wu X, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Hu D, Hu F (October 2021). 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Heart&rft.atitle=Fried-food+consumption+and+risk+of+cardiovascular+disease+and+all-cause+mortality%3A+a+meta-analysis+of+observational+studies&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=19&rft.pages=1567-1575&rft.date=2021-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fheartjnl-2020-317883&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F33468573&rft.aulast=Qin&rft.aufirst=P&rft.au=Zhang%2C+M&rft.au=Han%2C+M&rft.au=Liu%2C+D&rft.au=Luo%2C+X&rft.au=Xu%2C+L&rft.au=Zeng%2C+Y&rft.au=Chen%2C+Q&rft.au=Wang%2C+T&rft.au=Chen%2C+X&rft.au=Zhou%2C+Q&rft.au=Li%2C+Q&rft.au=Qie%2C+R&rft.au=Wu%2C+X&rft.au=Li%2C+Y&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Y&rft.au=Wu%2C+Y&rft.au=Hu%2C+D&rft.au=Hu%2C+F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17616781">17616781</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Am+J+Clin+Nutr&rft.atitle=Intake+of+fried+foods+is+associated+with+obesity+in+the+cohort+of+Spanish+adults+from+the+European+Prospective+Investigation+into+Cancer+and+Nutrition&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=198-205&rft.date=2007-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fajcn%2F86.1.198&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F17616781&rft.aulast=Guallar-Castill%C3%B3n&rft.aufirst=P&rft.au=Rodr%C3%ADguez-Artalejo%2C+F&rft.au=Forn%C3%A9s%2C+NS&rft.au=Banegas%2C+JR&rft.au=Etxezarreta%2C+PA&rft.au=Ardanaz%2C+E&rft.au=Barricarte%2C+A&rft.au=Chirlaque%2C+MD&rft.au=Iraeta%2C+MD&rft.au=Larra%C3%B1aga%2C+NL&rft.au=Losada%2C+A&rft.au=Mendez%2C+M&rft.au=Mart%C3%ADnez%2C+C&rft.au=Quir%C3%B3s%2C+JR&rft.au=Navarro%2C+C&rft.au=Jakszyn%2C+P&rft.au=S%C3%A1nchez%2C+MJ&rft.au=Tormo%2C+MJ&rft.au=Gonz%C3%A1lez%2C+CA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%252Fajcn%252F86.1.198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrying" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frying&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/40px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/60px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/80px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikibooks <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Cookbook">Cookbook</a> has a recipe/module on <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist" style="margin-left: 1.6em;"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Frying" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Cookbook:Frying"> Frying</a></b></i></li></ul> </div></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Frying" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Frying">Frying</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li>Best Easy Ways to Use Air Fryer for <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://reviewairfryer.com/how-to-use-air-fryer-for-fries/">[1]</a></li> <li>How Does an Air Fryer Work <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.savedbythemax.com/how-does-an-air-fryer-work/">[2]</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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id="Cooking_techniques" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cooking" title="Cooking">Cooking</a> techniques</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_cooking_techniques" title="List of cooking techniques">List of cooking techniques</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Conduction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dry_roasting" title="Dry roasting">Dry roasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_salt_frying" title="Hot salt frying">Hot salt frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Searing" title="Searing">Searing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Convection</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baking" title="Baking">Baking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roasting" title="Roasting">Roasting (modern)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_(cooking)" title="Smoking (cooking)">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbecue" title="Barbecue">Barbecue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Radiation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charbroiler" title="Charbroiler">Charbroiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grilling" title="Grilling">Grilling (charbroiling)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roasting" title="Roasting">Roasting (traditional)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotisserie" title="Rotisserie">Rotisserie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toast_(food)" title="Toast (food)">Toasting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wet</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">High heat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blanching_(cooking)" title="Blanching (cooking)">Blanching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boiling#In_cooking" title="Boiling">Boiling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decoction" title="Decoction">Decoction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parboiling" title="Parboiling">Parboiling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shocking_(cooking)" title="Shocking (cooking)">Shocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reduction_(cooking)" title="Reduction (cooking)">Reduction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Low heat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coddling" title="Coddling">Coddling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creaming_(cooking)" title="Creaming (cooking)">Creaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infusion" title="Infusion">Infusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poaching_(cooking)" title="Poaching (cooking)">Poaching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simmering" title="Simmering">Simmering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cooking" class="mw-redirect" title="Slow cooking">Slow cooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smothering_(cooking)" title="Smothering (cooking)">Smothering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steeping" title="Steeping">Steeping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stew" title="Stew">Stewing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Indirect heat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bain-marie" title="Bain-marie">Bain-marie (Double boiling)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sous-vide" class="mw-redirect" title="Sous-vide">Sous-vide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_steaming" title="Double steaming">Double steaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steaming" title="Steaming">Steaming</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fat-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">High heat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basting_(cooking)" title="Basting (cooking)">Basting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackening_(cooking)" title="Blackening (cooking)">Blackening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Browning_(cooking)" title="Browning (cooking)">Browning</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_frying" title="Deep frying">Deep frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_frying" title="Pan frying">Pan frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shallow_frying" title="Shallow frying">Shallow frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stir_frying" title="Stir frying">Stir frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saut%C3%A9ing" title="Sautéing">Sautéing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8em">Low heat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gentle_frying" title="Gentle frying">Gentle frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweating_(cooking)" title="Sweating (cooking)">Sweating</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mixed medium</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carryover_cooking" title="Carryover cooking">Carryover cooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbecue" title="Barbecue">Barbecuing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braising" title="Braising">Braising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caramelization" title="Caramelization">Caramelization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deglazing_(cooking)" title="Deglazing (cooking)">Deglazing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamb%C3%A9" title="Flambé">Flambé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fricassee" title="Fricassee">Fricassee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indirect_grilling" title="Indirect grilling">Indirect grilling/Plank cooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stir_frying#Chao_technique" title="Stir frying">Stir frying (chao)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Device-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_fryer" class="mw-redirect" title="Air fryer">Air frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microwave_oven" title="Microwave oven">Microwaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressure_cooking" class="mw-redirect" title="Pressure cooking">Pressure cooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressure_frying" title="Pressure frying">Pressure frying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cooker" title="Slow cooker">Slow cooker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thermal_cooking" title="Thermal cooking">Thermal cooking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-heat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aging_(food)" title="Aging (food)">Aging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brining" title="Brining">Brining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igunaq" title="Igunaq">Burying in ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curing_(food_preservation)" title="Curing (food preservation)">Curing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_drying" title="Food drying">Drying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fermentation_in_food_processing" title="Fermentation in food processing">Fermenting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juicing" title="Juicing">Juicing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickling" title="Pickling">Pickling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pur%C3%A9e" title="Purée">Purée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salting_(food)" title="Salting (food)">Salting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souring" title="Souring">Souring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cooking_appliances" title="List of cooking appliances">List of cooking appliances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cooking_vessels" title="List of cooking vessels">List of cooking vessels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outdoor_cooking" title="Outdoor cooking">Outdoor cooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_food_preparation" title="Outline of food preparation">Food preparation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_preservation" title="Food preservation">Food preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_safety" title="Food safety">Food safety</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Cuisine" title="Category:Cuisine">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Meat" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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href="/w/index.php?title=Cockerel_as_food&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cockerel as food (page does not exist)">Rooster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_as_food" title="Chicken as food">Chicken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duck_as_food" title="Duck as food">Duck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emu" title="Emu">Emu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goose_as_food" title="Goose as food">Goose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrich" title="Ostrich">Ostrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squab" title="Squab">Pigeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quail_as_food" title="Quail as food">Quail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhea_(bird)" title="Rhea (bird)">Rhea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey_meat" title="Turkey meat">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="13" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FoodMeat.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Food meat"><img alt="Food meat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/FoodMeat.jpg/100px-FoodMeat.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/FoodMeat.jpg/150px-FoodMeat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/FoodMeat.jpg/200px-FoodMeat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2888" data-file-height="1916" /></a></span><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Plateau_van_zeevruchten.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Platter of seafood"><img alt="Platter of seafood" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Plateau_van_zeevruchten.jpg/100px-Plateau_van_zeevruchten.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Plateau_van_zeevruchten.jpg/150px-Plateau_van_zeevruchten.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Plateau_van_zeevruchten.jpg/200px-Plateau_van_zeevruchten.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2029" data-file-height="2029" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Livestock" title="Livestock">Livestock</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpaca" title="Alpaca">Alpaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beef" title="Beef">Beef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beefalo" title="Beefalo">Beefalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_bison" title="American bison">Bison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_meat" title="Buffalo meat">Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camel_meat" class="mw-redirect" title="Camel meat">Camel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat_meat" title="Cat meat">Cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goat_meat" title="Goat meat">Goat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_meat" title="Dog meat">Dog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donkey_meat" title="Donkey meat">Donkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snails_as_food" title="Snails as food">Snails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frog_legs" title="Frog legs">Frog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea_pig" title="Guinea pig">Guinea pig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horse_meat" title="Horse meat">Horse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamb_and_mutton" title="Lamb and mutton">Lamb and mutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llama" title="Llama">Llama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pork" title="Pork">Pork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veal" title="Veal">Veal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yak" title="Yak">Yak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBubro%C5%84" title="Żubroń">Żubroń</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Game_(hunting)" title="Game (hunting)">Game</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alligator_meat" title="Alligator meat">Alligator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat_as_food" title="Bat as food">Bat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bear_hunting" title="Bear hunting">Bear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushmeat" title="Bushmeat">Bushmeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wild_boar" title="Wild boar">Boar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocodile_meat" class="mw-redirect" title="Crocodile meat">Crocodile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant_meat" title="Elephant meat">Elephant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox#As_food" title="Fox">Fox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iguana_meat" title="Iguana meat">Iguana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangaroo_meat" title="Kangaroo meat">Kangaroo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkey_meat" title="Monkey meat">Monkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouse#As_food" title="Mouse">Mouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangolin_trade" title="Pangolin trade">Pangolin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rat_meat" title="Rat meat">Rat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hare" title="Hare">Hare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabbit#As_food_and_clothing" title="Rabbit">Rabbit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snake#Consumption" title="Snake">Snake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turtle" title="Turtle">Turtle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venison" title="Venison">Venison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dog_meat" title="Dog meat">Dog</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_hunting" title="Wolf hunting">Wolf</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fish_as_food" title="Fish as food">Fish</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anchovies_as_food" title="Anchovies as food">Anchovy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basa_(fish)" title="Basa (fish)">Basa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bass_(fish)" title="Bass (fish)">Bass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carp#As_food" title="Carp">Carp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catfish" title="Catfish">Catfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cod_as_food" title="Cod as food">Cod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crappie" title="Crappie">Crappie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eel_as_food" title="Eel as food">Eel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flounder" title="Flounder">Flounder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grouper" title="Grouper">Grouper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haddock" title="Haddock">Haddock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halibut" title="Halibut">Halibut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herring_as_food" title="Herring as food">Herring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_mackerel" title="King mackerel">Kingfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackerel_as_food" title="Mackerel as food">Mackerel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahi-mahi" title="Mahi-mahi">Mahi Mahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlin" title="Marlin">Marlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milkfish" title="Milkfish">Milkfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_roughy" title="Orange roughy">Orange roughy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_saury" title="Pacific saury">Pacific saury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perch" title="Perch">Perch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esox" title="Esox">Pike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cod_as_food" title="Cod as food">Pollock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon_as_food" title="Salmon as food">Salmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sardines_as_food" title="Sardines as food">Sardine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shark_meat" title="Shark meat">Shark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sole_(fish)" title="Sole (fish)">Sole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iridescent_shark" title="Iridescent shark">Swai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swordfish" title="Swordfish">Swordfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilapia" title="Tilapia">Tilapia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trout" title="Trout">Trout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuna_as_food" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuna as food">Tuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walleye" title="Walleye">Walleye</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shellfish" title="Shellfish">Shellfish</a> and<br />other <a href="/wiki/Seafood" title="Seafood">seafood</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abalone" title="Abalone">Abalone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squid_as_food" title="Squid as food">Calamari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiton" title="Chiton">Chiton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clam" title="Clam">Clam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crab_meat" title="Crab meat">Crab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crayfish_as_food" title="Crayfish as food">Crayfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolphin" title="Dolphin">Dolphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobster_as_food" class="mw-redirect" title="Lobster as food">Lobster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mussel" title="Mussel">Mussel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octopus_as_food" title="Octopus as food">Octopus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oyster" title="Oyster">Oyster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scallop" title="Scallop">Scallop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seal_meat" title="Seal meat">Seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimp_and_prawn_as_food" title="Shrimp and prawn as food">Shrimp/prawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_cucumbers_as_food" title="Sea cucumbers as food">Sea cucumber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_urchin#As_food" title="Sea urchin">Sea urchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whale_meat" title="Whale meat">Whale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Insects_as_food" title="Insects as food">Insects</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ant_eggs" title="Ant eggs">Ants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermetia_illucens" title="Hermetia illucens">Black soldier fly maggots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicada" title="Cicada">Cicada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_(insect)" title="Cricket (insect)">Crickets</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cricket_flour" title="Cricket flour">Flour</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grasshopper" title="Grasshopper">Grasshoppers</a> (<a href="/wiki/Locust" title="Locust">locust</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mealworm" title="Mealworm">Mealworm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezcal_worm" title="Mezcal worm">Mezcal worm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombyx_mori" title="Bombyx mori">Silkworm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonimbrasia_belina" title="Gonimbrasia belina">Mopane worm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhynchophorus" title="Rhynchophorus">Palm grub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cuts and<br />preparation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meat_hanging" title="Meat hanging">Aged</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bacon" title="Bacon">Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbecue" title="Barbecue">Barbecued</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biltong" title="Biltong">Biltong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Braising" title="Braising">Braised</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patty" title="Patty">Burger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charcuterie" title="Charcuterie">Charcuterie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_chop" title="Meat chop">Chop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confit#Meat_confit" title="Confit">Confit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corned_beef" title="Corned beef">Corned</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curing_(food_preservation)" title="Curing (food preservation)">Cured</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cutlet" title="Cutlet">Cutlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dried_meat" title="Dried meat">Dried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dum_pukht" title="Dum pukht">Dum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fermented_meat" title="Fermented meat">Fermented</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fillet_(cut)" title="Fillet (cut)">Fillet</a>/<a href="/wiki/Supreme_(cooking)" title="Supreme (cooking)">supreme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forcemeat" title="Forcemeat">Forcemeat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cretons" title="Cretons">Cretons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A2t%C3%A9" title="Pâté">Pâté</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frozen_food" title="Frozen food">Frozen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_meat" title="Ground meat">Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ham" title="Ham">Ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerky" title="Jerky">Jerky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kebab" title="Kebab">Kebab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidney_(food)" title="Kidney (food)">Kidney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liver_(food)" title="Liver (food)">Liver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunch_meat" title="Lunch meat">Luncheon meat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marination" title="Marination">Marinated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meatball" title="Meatball">Meatball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meatloaf" title="Meatloaf">Meatloaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offal" title="Offal">Offal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickling" title="Pickling">Pickled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemmican" title="Pemmican">Pemmican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poaching_(cooking)" title="Poaching (cooking)">Poached</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potted_meat" title="Potted meat">Potted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rillettes" title="Rillettes">Rillettes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roasting" title="Roasting">Roasted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salting_(food)#Meat" title="Salting (food)">Salt-cured</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salumi" title="Salumi">Salumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sausage" title="Sausage">Sausage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoked_meat" title="Smoked meat">Smoked</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steak" title="Steak">Steak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stew#Types_of_stew" title="Stew">Stewed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tandoor" title="Tandoor">Tandoor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steak_tartare" title="Steak tartare">Tartare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">List articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_meat_dishes" title="List of meat dishes">Meat dishes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beef_dishes" title="List of beef dishes">Beef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chicken_dishes" title="List of chicken dishes">Chicken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fish_dishes" title="List of fish dishes">Fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_goat_dishes" title="List of goat dishes">Goat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lamb_dishes" title="List of lamb dishes">Lamb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pork_dishes" title="List of pork dishes">Pork</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ham_dishes" title="List of ham dishes">Ham</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_seafood_dishes" title="List of seafood dishes">Seafood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_veal_dishes" title="List of veal dishes">Veal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_steak_dishes" title="List of steak dishes">Steaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_meatball_dishes" title="List of meatball dishes">Meatball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_smoked_foods" title="List of smoked foods">Smoked foods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sausage_dishes" title="List of sausage dishes">Sausage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_meat_consumption" title="List of countries by meat consumption">Countries by meat consumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_meat_production" title="List of countries by meat production">Countries by meat production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_drink_prohibitions" title="Food and drink prohibitions">Food and drink prohibitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_meat_substitutes" title="List of meat substitutes">Meat substitutes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ethics and<br />psychology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_of_eating_meat" title="Ethics of eating meat">Ethics of eating meat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnism" title="Carnism">Carnism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_rights" title="Animal rights">Animal rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychology_of_eating_meat" title="Psychology of eating meat">Psychology of eating meat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psychology_of_eating_meat#Meat_paradox" title="Psychology of eating meat">Meat paradox</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Alternatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism" title="Vegetarianism">Vegetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexitarianism" title="Flexitarianism">Semi-vegetarianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pescetarianism" title="Pescetarianism">Pescetarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pollotarianism" title="Pollotarianism">Pollotarianism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plant-based_diet" title="Plant-based diet">Plant-based diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_alternative" title="Meat alternative">Meat alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veganism" title="Veganism">Veganism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Meat_science" title="Meat science">Meat science</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beef_hormone_controversy" title="Beef hormone controversy">Beef hormone controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drip_loss" class="mw-redirect" title="Drip loss">Drip loss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feed_conversion_ratio" title="Feed conversion ratio">Feed conversion ratio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_preservation" title="Food preservation">Preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_tenderness" title="Meat tenderness">Tenderness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_water_holding_capacity" title="Meat water holding capacity">Water holding capacity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Meat_industry" title="Meat industry">Meat industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meat_broker" title="Meat broker">Broker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Branch_house_(building)" title="Branch house (building)">Branch house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butcher" title="Butcher">Butcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_cutter" title="Meat cutter">Cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_impacts_of_animal_agriculture" title="Environmental impacts of animal agriculture">Environmental impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intensive_animal_farming" title="Intensive animal farming">Factory farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_jobber" title="Meat jobber">Jobber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat-packing_industry" title="Meat-packing industry">Packing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_slaughter" title="Animal slaughter">Slaughter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slaughterhouse" title="Slaughterhouse">Slaughterhouse</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related<br />subjects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arachnophagy" title="Arachnophagy">Arachnophagy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_cannibalism" title="Human cannibalism">Cannibalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Case-ready_meat" title="Case-ready meat">Case-ready meat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meat_diaper" class="mw-redirect" title="Meat diaper">Meat diaper</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultured_meat" title="Cultured meat">Cultured meat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entomophagy_in_humans" title="Entomophagy in humans">Entomophagy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marbled_meat" title="Marbled meat">Marbled</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_marbling" title="Artificial marbling">Artificial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_meat" title="Mystery meat">Mystery meat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offal" title="Offal">Offal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-vegetarian_food_in_India" title="Non-vegetarian food in India">Non-vegetarian food in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_slime" title="Pink slime">Pink slime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raw_meat" title="Raw meat">Raw meat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_meat" title="Red meat">Red meat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roadkill_cuisine" title="Roadkill cuisine">Roadkill cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warmed-over_flavor" title="Warmed-over flavor">Warmed-over flavor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_meat" title="White meat">White meat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/16px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" 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