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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Вуруд</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Саҳмгузориҳо</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%91%D0%B0%D2%B3%D1%81%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Баҳси пиромуни вироишҳо аз ин нишонаи IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Баҳс</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Муҳтавоҳо" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Муҳтавоҳо</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Пинҳон кардан</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Ибтидо</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Эзоҳ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Эзоҳ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Эзоҳ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Эзоҳ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Сарчашма" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Сарчашма"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Сарчашма</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Сарчашма-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Муҳтавоҳо" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Муҳрадорон</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 144 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-144" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">144 забон</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gewerweldes" title="Gewerweldes – африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gewerweldes" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirbeltiere" title="Wirbeltiere – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Wirbeltiere" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A3%E1%88%88_%E1%8A%A0%E1%8A%A8%E1%88%AD%E1%8A%AB%E1%88%AA" title="ባለ አከርካሪ – амҳарӣ" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ባለ አከርካሪ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амҳарӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hrycgd%C4%93or" title="Hrycgdēor – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Hrycgdēor" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فقاريات – арабӣ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فقاريات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="سنسوليات – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="سنسوليات" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فقاريات – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فقاريات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80" title="মেৰুদণ্ডী প্ৰাণী – ассомӣ" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মেৰুদণ্ডী প্ৰাণী" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ассомӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Onur%C4%9Fal%C4%B1lar" title="Onurğalılar – озарбойҷонӣ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Onurğalılar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="озарбойҷонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%92%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="اوْنورغالیلار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوْنورغالیلار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82%D2%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Умыртҡалылар – бошқирдӣ" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Умыртҡалылар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="бошқирдӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoumen%C4%97n%C4%93_g%C4%ABv%C4%93" title="Stoumenėnē gīvē – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Stoumenėnē gīvē" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Пазваночныя – белорусӣ" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пазваночныя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Хрыбетныя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Хрыбетныя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Гръбначни – булғорӣ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гръбначни" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="булғорӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A3%E0%A7%80" title="মেরুদণ্ডী প্রাণী – бинғолӣ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মেরুদণ্ডী প্রাণী" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бинғолӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%92%E0%BD%A3%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%B2%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B" title="སྒལ་ཚིགས་སྲོག་ཆགས་ – тибетӣ" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྒལ་ཚིགས་སྲོག་ཆགས་" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="тибетӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – бретонӣ" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ki%C4%8Dmenjaci" title="Kičmenjaci – босниягӣ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kičmenjaci" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="босниягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrats" title="Vertebrats – каталонӣ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vertebrats" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A9k-t%C3%B9i_d%C3%B4ng-%C5%ADk" title="Cék-tùi dông-ŭk – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Cék-tùi dông-ŭk" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukgan" title="Bukgan – себуано" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Bukgan" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуано" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%95%D8%A8%DA%95%DB%95%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="بڕبڕەداران – курдии марказӣ" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بڕبڕەداران" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="курдии марказӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="мақолаҳои хуб"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obratlovci" title="Obratlovci – чехӣ" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Obratlovci" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чехӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%D1%83%D1%80%C4%83%D0%BC_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Çурăм тунилли – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Çурăм тунилли" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fertebrat" title="Fertebrat – валлӣ" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Fertebrat" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hvirveldyr" title="Hvirveldyr – даниягӣ" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hvirveldyr" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="даниягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirbeltiere" title="Wirbeltiere – немисӣ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wirbeltiere" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немисӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B4%CF%85%CE%BB%CF%89%CF%84%CF%8C" title="Σπονδυλωτό – юнонӣ" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σπονδυλωτό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="юнонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate – Англисӣ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Vertebrate" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Англисӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebruloj" title="Vertebruloj – эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Vertebruloj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – испанӣ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selgroogsed" title="Selgroogsed – эстонӣ" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Selgroogsed" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ornodun" title="Ornodun – баскӣ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ornodun" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrau" title="Vertebrau – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Vertebrau" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مهره‌داران – форсӣ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مهره‌داران" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="форсӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selk%C3%A4rankaiset" title="Selkärankaiset – финӣ" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Selkärankaiset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vert%C3%A9br%C3%A9s" title="Vertébrés – франсузӣ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Vertébrés" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="франсузӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A8rt%C3%A8br%C3%A2s" title="Vèrtèbrâs – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Vèrtèbrâs" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%A4%C3%A4rlisdiarten" title="Wäärlisdiarten – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Wäärlisdiarten" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wringedieren" title="Wringedieren – фризии ғарбӣ" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Wringedieren" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="фризии ғарбӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veirteabrach" title="Veirteabrach – ирландӣ" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Veirteabrach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrados" title="Vertebrados – галисиягӣ" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Vertebrados" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисиягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pujase%27orek%C3%B3va" title="Pujase'orekóva – гуаранӣ" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Pujase'orekóva" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуаранӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chit-chh%C3%B9i_thung-vu%CC%8Dt" title="Chit-chhùi thung-vu̍t – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Chit-chhùi thung-vu̍t" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" title="בעלי חוליות – ибронӣ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בעלי חוליות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ибронӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80" title="कशेरुकी प्राणी – ҳиндӣ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कशेरुकी प्राणी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ҳиндӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kralje%C5%BEnjaci" title="Kralježnjaci – хорватӣ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kralježnjaci" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerincesek" title="Gerincesek – маҷорӣ" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gerincesek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="маҷорӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D5%B2%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Ողնաշարավորներ – арманӣ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ողնաշարավորներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="арманӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrato" title="Vertebrato – Байни забонӣ" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Vertebrato" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Байни забонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – индонезӣ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertebrata" title="Bertebrata – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Bertebrata" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%82%D3%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BA%D1%8C%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%88" title="БукъатӀехкьяраш – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="БукъатӀехкьяраш" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hryggd%C3%BDr" title="Hryggdýr – исландӣ" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hryggdýr" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – италиявӣ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиявӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E6%A4%8E%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="脊椎動物 – японӣ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="脊椎動物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – Ҷаванизӣ" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Ҷаванизӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ხერხემლიანები – гурҷӣ" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ხერხემლიანები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="гурҷӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tina%C9%A3lalin" title="Tinaɣlalin – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tinaɣlalin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82%D2%9B%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Омыртқалылар – қазоқӣ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Омыртқалылар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="қазоқӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%86%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%A2%E1%9E%B9%E1%9E%84%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%84" title="សត្វឆ្អឹងកង – кхмерӣ" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="សត្វឆ្អឹងកង" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="кхмерӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%95" title="ಕಶೇರುಕ – каннада" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಕಶೇರುಕ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннада" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B2%99%EC%B6%94%EB%8F%99%EB%AC%BC" title="척추동물 – кореягӣ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="척추동물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="кореягӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Movikdar" title="Movikdar – курдӣ" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Movikdar" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D1%83%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Омурткалуулар – қирғизӣ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Омурткалуулар" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="қирғизӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – лотинӣ" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="лотинӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wierbeld%C3%A9ieren" title="Wierbeldéieren – люксембургӣ" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wierbeldéieren" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrato" title="Vertebrato – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Vertebrato" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gewervelde_bieste" title="Gewervelde bieste – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Gewervelde bieste" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebr%C3%A6" title="Vertebræ – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Vertebræ" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebr%C3%A0cc" title="Vertebràcc – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Vertebràcc" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyama_ya_mik%C3%BAwa" title="Nyama ya mikúwa – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Nyama ya mikúwa" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuburiniai" title="Stuburiniai – литвонӣ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Stuburiniai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литвонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mugurkaulnieki" title="Mugurkaulnieki – латишӣ" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mugurkaulnieki" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латишӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%80%99%D0%A0%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8" title="’Рбетници – мақдунӣ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="’Рбетници" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="мақдунӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF" title="കശേരുകി – малаяламӣ" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കശേരുകി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаяламӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80" title="पृष्ठवंशी प्राणी – маратҳӣ" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पृष्ठवंशी प्राणी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратҳӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D0%BF%D3%B9%D1%80%D0%B4%D3%93%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%93" title="Тупӹрдӓнвлӓ – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Тупӹрдӓнвлӓ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrat" title="Vertebrat – малайӣ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Vertebrat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9E%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AB" title="ကျောရိုးရှိသတ္တဝါ – бирманӣ" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကျောရိုးရှိသတ္တဝါ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бирманӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="میرکادارون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="میرکادارون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warveldeerter" title="Warveldeerter – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Warveldeerter" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warvelden" title="Warvelden – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Warvelden" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gewervelden" title="Gewervelden – голландӣ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gewervelden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="голландӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virveldyr" title="Virveldyr – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Virveldyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virveldyr" title="Virveldyr – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Virveldyr" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%AD%C3%ADgh%C3%A1%C3%A1n_Dah%C3%B3l%C3%B3n%C3%ADg%C3%AD%C3%AD" title="Bíígháán Dahólónígíí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Bíígháán Dahólónígíí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – окситанӣ" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dugugguruu_qabeeyyii" title="Dugugguruu qabeeyyii – оромо" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Dugugguruu qabeeyyii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%8B%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" title="ਕੰਗਰੋੜਧਾਰੀ – панҷобӣ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੰਗਰੋੜਧਾਰੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панҷобӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wirbeltier" title="Wirbeltier – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Wirbeltier" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kr%C4%99gowce" title="Kręgowce – лаҳистонӣ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kręgowce" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="лаҳистонӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%91%DB%92" title="کنگریڑے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کنگریڑے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B2%DB%8D_%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86%DA%A9%D9%8A_%DA%98%D9%88%D9%8A" title="شمزۍ لرونکي ژوي – пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شمزۍ لرونکي ژوي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrados" title="Vertebrados – португалӣ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vertebrados" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tulluyuq" title="Tulluyuq – кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Tulluyuq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate – руминӣ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Vertebrate" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="руминӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Позвоночные – русӣ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Позвоночные" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="русӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%83" title="कशेरुकाः – санскрит" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="कशेरुकाः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскрит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D2%95%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Тоноҕостоохтор – саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Тоноҕостоохтор" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Vertebrate" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%87%D9%8A_%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1" title="ڪرنگهي وارا جانور – синдӣ" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪرنگهي وارا جانور" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kralje%C5%A1njaci" title="Kralješnjaci – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kralješnjaci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%98%E0%B7%82%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A8%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%82%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="පෘෂ්ඨවංශීන් – сингалӣ" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පෘෂ්ඨවංශීන්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингалӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrate" title="Vertebrate – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Vertebrate" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stavovce" title="Stavovce – словакӣ" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Stavovce" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словакӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vreten%C4%8Darji" title="Vretenčarji – словенӣ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vretenčarji" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cielgit%C3%A1vt%C3%A1liih" title="Čielgitávtáliih – инари самӣ" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Čielgitávtáliih" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="инари самӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzemuzongoza" title="Dzemuzongoza – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Dzemuzongoza" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurrizor%C3%ABt" title="Kurrizorët – албанӣ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kurrizorët" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="мақолаҳои хуб"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Кичмењаци – сербӣ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кичмењаци" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ryggradsdjur" title="Ryggradsdjur – шведӣ" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ryggradsdjur" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata" title="Vertebrata – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Vertebrata" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kryngowce" title="Kryngowce – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Kryngowce" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF" title="முதுகெலும்பி – тамилӣ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="முதுகெலும்பி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B6%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="సకశేరుకాలు – телугу" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సకశేరుకాలు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугу" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87" title="สัตว์มีกระดูกสันหลัง – тайӣ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="สัตว์มีกระดูกสันหลัง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bertebrado" title="Bertebrado – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Bertebrado" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omurgal%C4%B1lar" title="Omurgalılar – туркӣ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Omurgalılar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="туркӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Умырткалылар – тоторӣ" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Умырткалылар" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="тоторӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Хребетні – украинӣ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хребетні" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%81" title="فقاریہ – урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فقاریہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Umurtqalilar" title="Umurtqalilar – ӯзбекӣ" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Umurtqalilar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ӯзбекӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%99ng_v%E1%BA%ADt_c%C3%B3_x%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_s%E1%BB%91ng" title="Động vật có xương sống – ветнамӣ" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Động vật có xương sống" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ветнамӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gewerveldn" title="Gewerveldn – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Gewerveldn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biesse_%C3%A5s_cronzoxhs" title="Biesse ås cronzoxhs – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Biesse ås cronzoxhs" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertebrado" title="Vertebrado – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Vertebrado" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E6%A4%8E%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="脊椎动物 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="脊椎动物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A9%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="გაგაჩამეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გაგაჩამეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%98" title="ווערטעבראט – идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ווערטעבראט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%B8ranko_el%C3%A9gungun" title="Ẹranko elégungun – йоруба" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ẹranko elégungun" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йоруба" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doenghduz_Ndoksaen" title="Doenghduz Ndoksaen – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Doenghduz Ndoksaen" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gewurvelde_be%C3%AAsten" title="Gewurvelde beêsten – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Gewurvelde beêsten" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E6%A4%8E%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="脊椎动物 – хитоӣ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="脊椎动物" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="хитоӣ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chek-chui_t%C5%8Dng-bu%CC%8Dt" title="Chek-chui tōng-bu̍t – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chek-chui tōng-bu̍t" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E6%A4%8E%E5%8B%95%E7%89%A9" title="脊椎動物 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" 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Википедиа — донишномаи озод</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tg" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1231512">.mw-parser-output .ts-Taxonomy-rang-label{text-align:right;vertical-align:top;padding-right:0.3em!important;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .ts-Taxonomy-rang-name{text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ts-Taxonomy-rang-label{width:40%!important}}</style> <table class="infobox infobox-5b480e3a09e4d9d4" style="width: 22em; text-align: left; font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em; width:275px;" data-name="Таксон"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ffc3cd;font-size:130%;">Муҳрадорон</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style=""> <span data-wikidata-property-id="P18" class="no-wikidata"><span 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style="background-color: transparent; border:0;"><small style="display:block; margin-bottom:-15px;">рутбаҳои мобайнӣ</small></div><div><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:inherit">Домен:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/wiki/Eukaryota" class="mw-redirect" title="Eukaryota">Эукариотҳо</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="NavContent"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:DarkRed">Силсила:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/wiki/Animalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Animalia">Ҷонварон</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="NavContent"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:DarkRed">Зерсилсила:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eumetazoa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eumetazoa (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Эуметазоён</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="NavContent"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:DarkRed">Бе ранг:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bilateria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bilateria (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Дутарафа-симметриҳо</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="NavContent"><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:DarkRed">Бе ранг:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deuterostomia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deuterostomia (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Думдаҳонон</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:inherit">Тип:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chordata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chordata (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Хордадорон</a></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div><table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tbody><tr><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-label" style="color:DarkRed">Зертип:</td><td class="ts-Taxonomy-rang-name"><b>Сутунмуҳрадорон</b></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ffd1d9;font-size:110%;">Номи байнулмилалии илмӣ</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="plainlist" style="text-align:center;font-size:110%;"> Vertebrata <span style="font-variant:small-caps;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%8E%D0%B2%D1%8C%D0%B5,_%D0%96%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B6_%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кювье, Жорж Леопольд (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Cuvier</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=1812_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%B2_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1812 год в науке (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">1812</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" scope="colgroup" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ffd1d9;font-size:110%;">Инфратипы</th> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="noplainlist" style="text-align:center;font-size:110%;"> <div align="left"> <ul><li><span style="font-style:italic;" lang="LA"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gnathostomata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gnathostomata (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Gnathostomata</a></span> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Челюстноротые (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Челюстноротые</a></li> <li><span style="font-style:italic;" lang="LA"><a href="/wiki/Agnatha" class="mw-redirect" title="Agnatha">Agnatha</a></span> — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8E%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бесчелюстные (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Бесчелюстные</a></li></ul></div></td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="background:#ffe0e5; font-size:90%; line-height:140%;;"><table width="100%" class="plainlinks" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="4"><tbody><tr><td style="vertical-align:middle"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata?uselang=tg"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/17px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/26px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></a></span><br /><a class="external text" href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata?uselang=tg">Сомонашиносӣ<br />дар Викигуна</a></td><td style="vertical-align:middle"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span><br /><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Vertebrata">Тасвирот<br />дар Викианбор</a></td><td><table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="background:#ffe0e5;"> <tbody><tr><td align="right" width="40%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D0%B1%D1%8A%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B1%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Объединённая таксономическая информационная служба (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">ITIS</a>  </td><td class="plainlinks" align="left"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q25241$E2337DE5-3136-448C-996E-5A5A4FF21320" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P815"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=331030">331030</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="right" width="40%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%80_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Национальный центр биотехнологической информации (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">NCBI</a>  </td><td class="plainlinks" align="left"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q25241$5EB31A1F-097A-40F7-A045-130CA763DB57" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P685"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=7742">7742</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="right" width="40%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Энциклопедия жизни (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">EOL</a>  </td><td class="plainlinks" align="left"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q25241$63D392A1-E06A-483B-AF7D-67A12454E7E6" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P830"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/2774383">2774383</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td align="right" width="40%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fossilworks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fossilworks (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">FW</a>  </td><td class="plainlinks" align="left"><span data-wikidata-claim-id="Q25241$58566087-4b91-0bcb-2264-a37f0343db4b" class="wikidata-claim" data-wikidata-property-id="P842"><span class="wikidata-snak wikidata-main-snak"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/0/http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=67149">67149</a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Муҳрадорон</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Забони лотинӣ">лот.</a> <span lang="la" style="font-style:italic;">Vertebrata</span>) — ҳайвонҳои хордодор; яке аз муташаккилтарин гуруҳҳои гуногуни ҷонварон. </p><p>Мӯҳрадорҳо (40—45 ҳазор намуд) нисбат ба бемӯҳрагон (1,25—1,45 млн намуд) кам бошанд ҳам, дар ҳаёти <i>биосфераи</i> ҳозира аҳамияти калон доранд. Мӯҳрадорҳо аз рӯи хусусиятҳои мутобиқӣ ва шаклҳои ҳаётӣ хеле гуногунанд Гуногунии навъҳои мутобиқӣ ва шаклҳои ҳаётии мӯҳрадорҳо на танҳо дар байни гурӯҳҳои калони таснифотӣ <i>(гирддаҳонҳо, моҳиҳо, обхокиҳо, хазандаҳо, паррандаҳо, ширхӯрҳо),</i> инчунин дар дохили гуруҳҳо низ мушоҳида мешавад. Ин на танҳо ба дараҷаи баланди инкишофу мураккабии сохти Мӯҳрадорҳо, инчунин ба қобилияти баланди ба шароити гуногуни ҳаёт мутобиқ, шуда тавонистани онҳо (аз даъри уқёнус то қуллаҳои баланди кӯҳу биёбонҳои беоб) алоқаманд аст. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Эзоҳ"><span id=".D0.AD.D0.B7.D0.BE.D2.B3"></span>Эзоҳ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%83%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Вироиши қисмат: Эзоҳ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%83%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Эзоҳ"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Сарчашма"><span id=".D0.A1.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.87.D0.B0.D1.88.D0.BC.D0.B0"></span>Сарчашма</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%83%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Вироиши қисмат: Сарчашма" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>вироиш</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%83%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Сарчашма"><span>вироиши манбаъ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="citation" id="CITEREFЭСТ">Муҳрадорон // <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Энциклопедияи Советии Тоҷик">Энциклопедияи Советии Тоҷик</a> : <span class="nowrap">[<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1232970">.mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}@media(hover:none){.mw-parser-output .ts-comment-commentedText:not(.rt-commentedText){border-bottom:0;cursor:auto}}</style>дар 8 ҷ.]</span> / сармуҳаррир <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%84%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B2" title="Атахон Сайфуллоев">А. С. Сайфуллоев</a></span>. — <span style="border-bottom:1px dotted gray; cursor:default" title="Душанбе">Д</span>. : <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D2%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="Сарредакцияи илмии Энциклопедияи Советии Тоҷик">СИЭСТ</a>, 1978—1988.</span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Баргирифта аз "<a dir="ltr" href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Муҳрадорон&oldid=1260917">https://tg.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Муҳрадорон&oldid=1260917</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3%D2%B3%D0%BE" title="Вижа:Гурӯҳҳо">Гурӯҳҳо</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D2%B6%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D1%80%D3%AF%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B1%D0%BE" title="Гурӯҳ:Ҷонварон аз рӯи алифбо">Ҷонварон аз рӯи алифбо</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B8,_%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D1%83%D1%82%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гурӯҳ:Биологические статьи, где отсутствует перенаправление с латинского названия таксона (саҳифа вуҷуд надорад)">Биологические статьи, где отсутствует перенаправление с латинского названия таксона</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%9C%D1%83%D2%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гурӯҳ:Муҳрадорон">Муҳрадорон</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Гурӯҳи пинҳон: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%83%D1%80%D3%AF%D2%B3:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%BE%D0%B5,_%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%AD%D0%A1%D0%A2_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%88%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%88%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Гурӯҳ:Мақолаҳое, ки бар асоси маводи ЭСТ навишта шудаанд">Мақолаҳое, ки бар асоси маводи ЭСТ навишта шудаанд</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ин саҳифаро бори охир дар 23 августи 2021, 13:47 вироиш карда буданд.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Матн зери иҷозатномаи <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> дастрас мебошад, дигар иҷозатномаҳои иловагӣ низ ба кор бурда мешаванд. 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