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MnO2.</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: MnO2."> <meta name="keywords" content="MnO2."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" 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<i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="MnO2."> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 6</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: MnO2.</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Nanostructured Pt/MnO2 Catalysts and Their Performance for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Air Cathode Microbial Fuel Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Maksudur%20Rahman%20Khan">Maksudur Rahman Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Kar%20Min%20Chan"> Kar Min Chan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Huei%20Ruey%20Ong"> Huei Ruey Ong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Chin%20Kui%20Cheng"> Chin Kui Cheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Wasikur%20Rahman"> Wasikur Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) represent a promising technology for simultaneous bioelectricity generation and wastewater treatment. Catalysts are significant portions of the cost of microbial fuel cell cathodes. Many materials have been tested as aqueous cathodes, but air-cathodes are needed to avoid energy demands for water aeration. The sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) rate at air cathode necessitates efficient electrocatalyst such as carbon supported platinum catalyst (Pt/C) which is very costly. Manganese oxide (MnO2) was a representative metal oxide which has been studied as a promising alternative electrocatalyst for ORR and has been tested in air-cathode MFCs. However the single MnO2 has poor electric conductivity and low stability. In the present work, the MnO2 catalyst has been modified by doping Pt nanoparticle. The goal of the work was to improve the performance of the MFC with minimum Pt loading. MnO2 and Pt nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal and sol gel methods, respectively. Wet impregnation method was used to synthesize Pt/MnO2 catalyst. The catalysts were further used as cathode catalysts in air-cathode cubic MFCs, in which anaerobic sludge was inoculated as biocatalysts and palm oil mill effluent (POME) was used as the substrate in the anode chamber. The asprepared Pt/MnO2 was characterized comprehensively through field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) where its surface morphology, crystallinity, oxidation state and electrochemical activity were examined, respectively. XPS revealed Mn (IV) oxidation state and Pt (0) nanoparticle metal, indicating the presence of MnO2 and Pt. Morphology of Pt/MnO2 observed from FESEM shows that the doping of Pt did not cause change in needle-like shape of MnO2 which provides large contacting surface area. The electrochemical active area of the Pt/MnO2 catalysts has been increased from 276 to 617 m2/g with the increase in Pt loading from 0.2 to 0.8 wt%. The CV results in O2 saturated neutral Na2SO4 solution showed that MnO2 and Pt/MnO2 catalysts could catalyze ORR with different catalytic activities. MFC with Pt/MnO2 (0.4 wt% Pt) as air cathode catalyst generates a maximum power density of 165 mW/m3, which is higher than that of MFC with MnO2 catalyst (95 mW/m3). The open circuit voltage (OCV) of the MFC operated with MnO2 cathode gradually decreased during 14 days of operation, whereas the MFC with Pt/MnO2 cathode remained almost constant throughout the operation suggesting the higher stability of the Pt/MnO2 catalyst. Therefore, Pt/MnO2 with 0.4 wt% Pt successfully demonstrated as an efficient and low cost electrocatalyst for ORR in air cathode MFC with higher electrochemical activity, stability and hence enhanced performance.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Microbial%20fuel%20cell" title="Microbial fuel cell">Microbial fuel cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=oxygen%20reduction%20reaction" title=" oxygen reduction reaction"> oxygen reduction reaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pt%2FMnO2" title=" Pt/MnO2"> Pt/MnO2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=palm%20oil%20mill%20effluent" title=" palm oil mill effluent"> palm oil mill effluent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=polarization%20curve." title=" polarization curve."> polarization curve.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000706/nanostructured-ptmno2-catalysts-and-their-performance-for-oxygen-reduction-reaction-in-air-cathode-microbial-fuel-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000706/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000706/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000706/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000706/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000706/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000706/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000706/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000706/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000706/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000706/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10000706.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Removal of Elemental Mercury from Dry Methane Gas with Manganese Oxides</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Junya%20Takenami">Junya Takenami</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Md.%20Azhar%20Uddin"> Md. Azhar Uddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Eiji%20Sasaoka"> Eiji Sasaoka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Yasushi%20Shioya"> Yasushi Shioya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tsuneyoshi%20Takase"> Tsuneyoshi Takase</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, we sought to investigate the mercury removal efficiency of manganese oxides from natural gas. The fundamental studies on mercury removal with manganese oxides sorbents were carried out in a laboratory scale fixed bed reactor at 30 °C with a mixture of methane (20%) and nitrogen gas laden with 4.8 ppb of elemental mercury. Manganese oxides with varying surface area and crystalline phase were prepared by conventional precipitation method in this study. The effects of surface area, crystallinity and other metal oxides on mercury removal efficiency were investigated. Effect of Ag impregnation on mercury removal efficiency was also investigated. Ag supported on metal oxide such titania and zirconia as reference materials were also used in this study for comparison. The characteristics of mercury removal reaction with manganese oxide was investigated using a temperature programmed desorption (TPD) technique. Manganese oxides showed very high Hg removal activity (about 73-93% Hg removal) for first time use. Surface area of the manganese oxide samples decreased after heat-treatment and resulted in complete loss of Hg removal ability for repeated use after Hg desorption in the case of amorphous MnO2, and 75% loss of the initial Hg removal activity for the crystalline MnO2. Mercury desorption efficiency of crystalline MnO2 was very low (37%) for first time use and high (98%) after second time use. Residual potassium content in MnO2 may have some effect on the thermal stability of the adsorbed Hg species. Desorption of Hg from manganese oxides occurs at much higher temperatures (with a peak at 400 °C) than Ag/TiO2 or Ag/ZrO2. Mercury may be captured on manganese oxides in the form of mercury manganese oxide. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mercury%20removal" title="Mercury removal">Mercury removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Metal%20and%20metal%20oxide%20sorbents" title=" Metal and metal oxide sorbents"> Metal and metal oxide sorbents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Methane" title=" Methane"> Methane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Natural%20gas." title=" Natural gas."> Natural gas.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13212/removal-of-elemental-mercury-from-dry-methane-gas-with-manganese-oxides" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13212/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13212/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13212/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13212/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13212/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13212/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13212/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13212/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13212/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13212/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13212.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Flexible Laser Reduced Graphene Oxide/ MnO2 Electrode for Supercapacitor Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ingy%20N.%20Bkrey">Ingy N. Bkrey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ahmed%20A.%20Moniem"> Ahmed A. Moniem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>We succeeded to produce a high performance and flexible graphene/Manganese dioxide (G/MnO<sub>2</sub>) electrode coated on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate. The graphene film is initially synthesized by drop-casting the graphene oxide (GO) solution on the PET substrate, followed by simultaneous reduction and patterning of the dried film using carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) laser beam with power of 1.8 W. Potentiostatic Anodic Deposition method was used to deposit thin film of MnO<sub>2</sub> with different loading mass 10 – 50 and 100 μg.cm<sup>-2</sup> on the pre-prepared graphene film. The electrodes were fully characterized in terms of structure, morphology, and electrochemical performance. A maximum specific capacitance of 973 F.g<sup>-1</sup> was attributed when depositing 50μg.cm<sup>-2</sup> MnO<sub>2</sub> on the laser reduced graphene oxide rGO (or G/50MnO<sub>2</sub>) and over 92% of its initial capacitance was retained after 1000 cycles. The good electrochemical performance and long-term cycling stability make our proposed approach a promising candidate in the supercapacitor applications.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Electrode%20Deposition" title="Electrode Deposition">Electrode Deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Flexible" title=" Flexible"> Flexible</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Graphene%20oxide" title=" Graphene oxide"> Graphene oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Graphene" title=" Graphene"> Graphene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=High%20Power%20CO2%20Laser" title=" High Power CO2 Laser"> High Power CO2 Laser</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MnO2." title=" MnO2. "> MnO2. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999295/flexible-laser-reduced-graphene-oxide-mno2-electrode-for-supercapacitor-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999295/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999295/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999295/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999295/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999295/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999295/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999295/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999295/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999295/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999295/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999295.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3702</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Alumina Supported Cu-Mn-Cr Catalysts for CO and VOCs Oxidation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Krasimir%20I.%20Ivanov">Krasimir I. Ivanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Elitsa%20N.%20Kolentsova"> Elitsa N. Kolentsova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Dimitar%20Y.%20Dimitrov"> Dimitar Y. Dimitrov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Petya%20Ts.%20Petrova"> Petya Ts. Petrova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Tatyana%20T.%20Tabakova"> Tatyana T. Tabakova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work studies the effect of chemical composition on the activity and selectivity of γ–alumina supported CuO/ MnO2/Cr2O3 catalysts toward deep oxidation of CO, dimethyl ether (DME) and methanol. The catalysts were prepared by impregnation of the support with an aqueous solution of copper nitrate, manganese nitrate and CrO3 under different conditions. Thermal, XRD and TPR analysis were performed. The catalytic measurements of single compounds oxidation were carried out on continuous flow equipment with a four-channel isothermal stainless steel reactor. Flow-line equipment with an adiabatic reactor for simultaneous oxidation of all compounds under the conditions that mimic closely the industrial ones was used. The reactant and product gases were analyzed by means of on-line gas chromatographs. On the basis of XRD analysis it can be concluded that the active component of the mixed Cu-Mn-Cr/γ–alumina catalysts consists of at least six compounds – CuO, Cr2O3, MnO2, Cu1.5Mn1.5O4, Cu1.5Cr1.5O4 and CuCr2O4, depending on the Cu/Mn/Cr molar ratio. Chemical composition strongly influences catalytic properties, this influence being quite variable with regards to the different processes. The rate of CO oxidation rapidly decrease with increasing of chromium content in the active component while for the DME was observed the reverse trend. It was concluded that the best compromise are the catalysts with Cu/(Mn + Cr) molar ratio 1:5 and Mn/Cr molar ratio from 1:3 to 1:4. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Copper-manganese-chromium%20oxide%20catalysts" title="Copper-manganese-chromium oxide catalysts">Copper-manganese-chromium oxide catalysts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=CO" title=" CO"> CO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=deep%20oxidation" title=" deep oxidation"> deep oxidation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=volatile%20organic%20compounds." title=" volatile organic compounds."> volatile organic compounds.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001930/alumina-supported-cu-mn-cr-catalysts-for-co-and-vocs-oxidation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001930/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001930/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001930/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001930/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001930/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001930/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001930/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001930/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001930/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001930/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001930.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1935</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> Bio-Electrochemical Process Coupled with MnO2 Nanowires for Wastewater Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Giwa">A. Giwa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20M.%20Jung"> S. M. Jung</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=W.%20Fang"> W. Fang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=J.%20Kong"> J. Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20W.%20Hasan"> S. W. Hasan </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>MnO<sub>2</sub> nanowires were developed as filtration media for wastewater treatment that uniquely combines several advantages. The resulting material demonstrated strong capability to remove the pollution of heavy metal ions and organic contents in water. In addition, the manufacture process of such material is practical and economical. In this work, MnO<sub>2</sub> nanowires were integrated with the state-of-art bio-electrochemical system for wastewater treatment, to overcome problems currently encountered with organic, inorganic, heavy metal, and microbe removal, and to minimize the unit footprint (land/space occupation) at low cost. Results showed that coupling the bio-electrochemical with MnO<sub>2</sub> resulted in very encouraging results with higher removal efficiencies of such pollutants.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bio-electrochemical" title="Bio-electrochemical">Bio-electrochemical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nanowires" title=" nanowires"> nanowires</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=treatment." title=" treatment. "> treatment. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004392/bio-electrochemical-process-coupled-with-mno2-nanowires-for-wastewater-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004392/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004392/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004392/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004392/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004392/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004392/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004392/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004392/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004392/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004392/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004392.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1272</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Customized Cow’s Urine Battery Using MnO2 Depolarizer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Raj%20Kumar%20Rajak">Raj Kumar Rajak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bharat%20Mishra"> Bharat Mishra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Bio-battery represents an entirely new long term, reasonable, reachable and ecofriendly approach to production of sustainable energy. Types of batteries have been developed using MnO<sub>2</sub> in various ways. MnO<sub>2 </sub>is suitable with physical, chemical, electrochemical, and catalytic properties, serving as an effective cathodic depolarizer and may be considered as being the life blood of the battery systems. In the present experimental work, we have studied the effect of generation of power by bio-battery using different concentrations of MnO<sub>2</sub>. The tests show that it is possible to generate electricity using cow’s urine as an electrolyte. After ascertaining the optimum concentration of MnO<sub>2</sub>, various battery parameters and performance indicates that cow urine solely produces power of 695 mW, while a combination with MnO<sub>2</sub> (40%) enhances power of bio-battery, i.e. 1377 mW. On adding more and more MnO<sub>2 </sub>to the electrolyte, the power suppressed because inflation of internal resistance. The analysis of the data produced from experiment shows that MnO<sub>2</sub> is quite suitable to energize the bio-battery.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bio-batteries" title="Bio-batteries">Bio-batteries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cow%E2%80%99s%20urine" title=" cow’s urine"> cow’s urine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=manganese%20dioxide" title=" manganese dioxide"> manganese dioxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=non-conventional." title=" non-conventional."> non-conventional.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008217/customized-cows-urine-battery-using-mno2-depolarizer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008217/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10008217/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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