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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Writing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Writing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contemporaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contemporaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Contemporaries</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Contemporaries-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Contemporaries subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Contemporaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-"Chesterbelloc"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Chesterbelloc""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>"Chesterbelloc"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Chesterbelloc"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wilde" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wilde"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Wilde</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wilde-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shaw" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shaw"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Shaw</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shaw-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Views</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Views-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Views subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Advocacy_of_Catholicism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Advocacy_of_Catholicism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Advocacy of Catholicism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Advocacy_of_Catholicism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Common_Sense" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Common_Sense"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Common Sense</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Common_Sense-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-On_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#On_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>On War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-On_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accusations_of_antisemitism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accusations_of_antisemitism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Accusations of antisemitism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accusations_of_antisemitism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opposition_to_eugenics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opposition_to_eugenics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Opposition to eugenics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opposition_to_eugenics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chesterton's_fence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chesterton's_fence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Chesterton's fence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chesterton's_fence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distributism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distributism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Distributism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distributism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scottish_and_Irish_nationalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scottish_and_Irish_nationalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Scottish and Irish nationalism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scottish_and_Irish_nationalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legacy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Possible_sainthood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Possible_sainthood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Possible sainthood</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Possible_sainthood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Literary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Namesakes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Namesakes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Namesakes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Namesakes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Major works</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Major_works-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Major works subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Major_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Books" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Books"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Books</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Books-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Short_stories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Short_stories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Short stories</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Short_stories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plays" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plays"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Plays</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plays-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">G. K. Chesterton</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 66 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-66" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">66 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/G.K._Chesterton" title="G.K. Chesterton – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="G.K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%AB_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="غلبرت كيث تشيسترتون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="غلبرت كيث تشيسترتون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="G. K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Kit_%C3%87esterton" title="Gilbert Kit Çesterton – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Gilbert Kit Çesterton" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%DA%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="جی کی چسترتون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جی کی چسترتون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF._%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87._%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%A8" title="জি. কে. চেস্টারটন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জি. কে. চেস্টারটন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82_%D0%A7%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Гілберт Кіт Чэстэртан – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гілберт Кіт Чэстэртан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9A%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%82_%D0%A7%D1%8D%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Гільбэрт Кійт Чэстэртан – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гільбэрт Кійт Чэстэртан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%82_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Гилбърт Кийт Честъртън – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гилбърт Кийт Честъртън" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="G. K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/G.K._Chesterton" title="G.K. Chesterton – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="G.K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="G. K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%BB%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%84_%CE%9A%CE%B9%CE%B8_%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%AD%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD" title="Γκίλμπερτ Κιθ Τσέστερτον – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γκίλμπερτ Κιθ Τσέστερτον" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="G. K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%DB%8C.%DA%A9%DB%8C._%DA%86%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="جی.کی. چسترتون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جی.کی. چسترتون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="G. K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="G. K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="G. K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._%EC%B2%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%84%B0%ED%84%B4" title="G. K. 체스터턴 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="G. K. 체스터턴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BF_%D4%BF%D5%AB%D5%BF_%D5%89%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Գիլբերտ Կիտ Չեսթերտոն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գիլբերտ Կիտ Չեսթերտոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/G.K._Chesterton" title="G.K. Chesterton – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="G.K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="G. K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92._%D7%A7._%D7%A6%27%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F" title="ג. ק. צ'סטרטון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ג. ק. צ'סטרטון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/G.K._Chesterton" title="G.K. Chesterton – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="G.K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2_%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%97_%E1%83%A9%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="გილბერტ კით ჩესტერტონი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გილბერტ კით ჩესტერტონი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="G. K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbertus_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbertus Keith Chesterton – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gilbertus Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilberts_K%C4%ABts_%C4%8Cestertons" title="Gilberts Kīts Čestertons – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Gilberts Kīts Čestertons" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_K._Chesterton" title="Gilbert K. Chesterton – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Gilbert K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="G. K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF.%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%86._%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BA" title="ജി.കെ. ചെസ്റ്റർട്ടൺ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജി.കെ. ചെസ്റ്റർട്ടൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A5_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="गिल्बर्ट कीथ चेस्टरटन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="गिल्बर्ट कीथ चेस्टरटन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2_%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%97_%E1%83%A9%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="გილბერტ კით ჩესტერტონი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გილბერტ კით ჩესტერტონი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AB_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="جلبرت كايث تشيسترتون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جلبرت كايث تشيسترتون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9C%E1%80%97%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%81%E1%80%BB%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA" title="ဂီးလဗတ် ကိသ် ချက်စတာတန် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂီးလဗတ် ကိသ် ချက်စတာတန်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%E3%83%BBK%E3%83%BB%E3%83%81%E3%82%A7%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3" title="G・K・チェスタトン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="G・K・チェスタトン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/G.K._Chesterton" title="G.K. Chesterton – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="G.K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%8A_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%DA%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="جي کی چيسترتون – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="جي کی چيسترتون" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/G.K._Chesterton" title="G.K. Chesterton – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="G.K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="G. K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="G. K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Честертон, Гилберт Кит – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Честертон, Гилберт Кит" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="G. K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="G. K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/G.K._Chesterton" title="G.K. Chesterton – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="G.K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="கில்பர்ட் கெயித் செஸ்டர்டன் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கில்பர்ட் கெயித் செஸ்டர்டன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gilbert Keith Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%90%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%82_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Ґілберт Кіт Честертон – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ґілберт Кіт Честертон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" title="G. K. Chesterton – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="G. K. Chesterton" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C2%B7K%C2%B7%E5%88%87%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%A1%BF" title="G·K·切斯特顿 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="G·K·切斯特顿" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%89%E7%88%BE%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%9F%BA%E6%80%9D%C2%B7%E5%8D%BB%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E9%A0%93" title="吉爾伯特·基思·卻斯特頓 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="吉爾伯特·基思·卻斯特頓" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">English author and Christian apologist (1874–1936)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/A._K._Chesterton" title="A. K. Chesterton">A. K. Chesterton</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">G. K. Chesterton</div><br /><div class="honorific-suffix" style="display:inline;font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_Commander_with_Star_of_the_Order_of_St_Gregory_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Commander with Star of the Order of St Gregory the Great">KC*SG</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Gilbert_Chesterton.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chesterton in 1909"><img alt="Chesterton in 1909" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Gilbert_Chesterton.jpg/220px-Gilbert_Chesterton.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Gilbert_Chesterton.jpg/330px-Gilbert_Chesterton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Gilbert_Chesterton.jpg/440px-Gilbert_Chesterton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1198" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:1.4em;">Chesterton in 1909</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Born</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Gilbert Keith Chesterton<br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1874-05-29</span>)</span>29 May 1874<br /><a href="/wiki/Kensington" title="Kensington">Kensington</a>, London, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Died</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">14 June 1936<span style="display:none">(1936-06-14)</span> (aged 62)<br /><a href="/wiki/Beaconsfield" title="Beaconsfield">Beaconsfield</a>, Buckinghamshire, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">Roman Catholic Cemetery, Beaconsfield</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role" style="line-height:1.4em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r979066050">.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist-embedded{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;padding:0 0.25em 0 0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:after{content:", "}.mw-parser-output .sslist li:after{content:"; "}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child:after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child:after{content:none}</style><ul class="cslist"><li>Journalist</li><li>novelist</li><li>essayist</li><li>poet</li></ul></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Education</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Period</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;">1900–1936</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Genre</th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.4em;">Essays, <a href="/wiki/Fantasy_literature" title="Fantasy literature">fantasy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christian_apologetics" title="Christian apologetics">Christian apologetics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catholic_apologetics" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic apologetics">Catholic apologetics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mystery_fiction" title="Mystery fiction">mystery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poetry" title="Poetry">poetry</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Literary movement</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_literary_revival" title="Catholic literary revival">Catholic literary revival</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Notable works</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Napoleon_of_Notting_Hill" title="The Napoleon of Notting Hill">The Napoleon of Notting Hill</a></i></li><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Was_Thursday" title="The Man Who Was Thursday">The Man Who Was Thursday</a></i></li><li><i><a href="/wiki/Orthodoxy_(book)" title="Orthodoxy (book)">Orthodoxy</a></i></li><li><a href="/wiki/Father_Brown" title="Father Brown">Father Brown stories</a></li><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Everlasting_Man" title="The Everlasting Man">The Everlasting Man</a></i></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Frances_Blogg" title="Frances Blogg">Frances Blogg</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1901)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em; padding-right:0.65em;">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Chesterton" title="Cecil Chesterton">Cecil Chesterton</a> (brother)</li><li><a href="/wiki/A._K._Chesterton" title="A. K. Chesterton">A. K. Chesterton</a> (first cousin, once removed)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Signature</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.4em;"><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GK_Chesterson_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/GK_Chesterson_signature.svg/150px-GK_Chesterson_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/GK_Chesterson_signature.svg/225px-GK_Chesterson_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/GK_Chesterson_signature.svg/300px-GK_Chesterson_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="225" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Gilbert Keith Chesterton</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_Commander_with_Star_of_the_Order_of_St_Gregory_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Commander with Star of the Order of St Gregory the Great">KC*SG</a></span></span> (29 May 1874 – 14 June 1936) was an English <a href="/wiki/Author" title="Author">author</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philosopher" class="mw-redirect" title="Philosopher">philosopher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christian_apologetics" title="Christian apologetics">Christian apologist</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Literary_criticism" title="Literary criticism">literary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Art_critic" title="Art critic">art critic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chesterton created the fictional priest-detective <a href="/wiki/Father_Brown" title="Father Brown">Father Brown</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Father_Brown_on_Chesterton_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Father_Brown_on_Chesterton-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and wrote on <a href="/wiki/Apologetics" title="Apologetics">apologetics</a>, such as his works <i><a href="/wiki/Orthodoxy_(book)" title="Orthodoxy (book)">Orthodoxy</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_Everlasting_Man" title="The Everlasting Man">The Everlasting Man</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Time_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Time-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas1974_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDouglas1974-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chesterton routinely referred to himself as an <a href="/wiki/Orthodoxy" title="Orthodoxy">orthodox</a> Christian, and came to identify this position more and more with <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholicism</a>, eventually converting from <a href="/wiki/High_church" title="High church">high church Anglicanism</a>. Biographers have identified him as a successor to such Victorian authors as <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Arnold" title="Matthew Arnold">Matthew Arnold</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Thomas Carlyle</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Newman" title="John Henry Newman">John Henry Newman</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Ruskin" title="John Ruskin">John Ruskin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer2011485_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKer2011485-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He has been referred to as the "prince of <a href="/wiki/Paradox" title="Paradox">paradox</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Of his writing style, <i><a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a></i> observed: "Whenever possible, Chesterton made his points with popular sayings, proverbs, allegories—first carefully turning them inside out."<sup id="cite_ref-Time_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Time-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His writings were an influence on <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges" title="Jorge Luis Borges">Jorge Luis Borges</a>, who compared his work with that of <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Allan_Poe" title="Edgar Allan Poe">Edgar Allan Poe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-top-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/25px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/38px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="815" data-file-height="1105" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle-with-top-image">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Catholic_philosophers" title="Category:Catholic philosophers">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Christian_philosophy" title="Christian philosophy">Catholic philosophy</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/St-thomas-aquinasFXD.jpg/73px-St-thomas-aquinasFXD.jpg" decoding="async" width="73" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/St-thomas-aquinasFXD.jpg/110px-St-thomas-aquinasFXD.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/St-thomas-aquinasFXD.jpg/147px-St-thomas-aquinasFXD.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4004" data-file-height="6000" /></span></span><span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Scoto_%28Duns_Scoto%29_-_Studiolo_di_Federico_da_Montefeltro.jpg/68px-Scoto_%28Duns_Scoto%29_-_Studiolo_di_Federico_da_Montefeltro.jpg" decoding="async" width="68" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Scoto_%28Duns_Scoto%29_-_Studiolo_di_Federico_da_Montefeltro.jpg/102px-Scoto_%28Duns_Scoto%29_-_Studiolo_di_Federico_da_Montefeltro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Scoto_%28Duns_Scoto%29_-_Studiolo_di_Federico_da_Montefeltro.jpg/136px-Scoto_%28Duns_Scoto%29_-_Studiolo_di_Federico_da_Montefeltro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="473" data-file-height="762" /></span></span><span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/William_of_Ockham.png/82px-William_of_Ockham.png" decoding="async" width="82" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/William_of_Ockham.png/124px-William_of_Ockham.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/William_of_Ockham.png/165px-William_of_Ockham.png 2x" data-file-width="271" data-file-height="361" /></span></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Aquinas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duns_Scotus" title="Duns Scotus">Scotus</a>, and <a href="/wiki/William_of_Ockham" title="William of Ockham">Ockham</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_moral_theology" title="Catholic moral theology">Ethics</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_virtues" title="Cardinal virtues">Cardinal virtues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Just_price" title="Just price">Just price</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Just_war_theory#Catholic_doctrine" title="Just war theory">Just war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principle_of_double_effect" title="Principle of double effect">Principle of Double Effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casuistry" title="Casuistry">Casuistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_probabilism" title="Catholic probabilism">Probabilism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_law#Catholic_natural_law_jurisprudence" title="Natural law">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_personalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic personalism">Personalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_social_teaching" title="Catholic social teaching">Social teaching</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberation_Theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberation Theology">Liberation Theology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Humanism" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Humanism">Christian Humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtue_ethics" title="Virtue ethics">Virtue ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Works_of_mercy" title="Works of mercy">Works of mercy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Metaphysics" title="Metaphysics">Metaphysics</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conceptualism" title="Conceptualism">Conceptualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophical_realism" title="Philosophical realism">Realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moderate_realism" title="Moderate realism">Moderate realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nominalism" title="Nominalism">Nominalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quiddity" title="Quiddity">Quiddity</a> (<a href="/wiki/Essence" title="Essence">essence</a> / <a href="/wiki/Nature_(philosophy)" title="Nature (philosophy)">nature</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haecceity" title="Haecceity">Haecceity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Ways_(Aquinas)" title="Five Ways (Aquinas)">Quinque Viae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predestination" title="Predestination">Predestination</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Theological_determinism" title="Theological determinism">Theological determinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compatibilism" title="Compatibilism">Compatibilism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attributes_of_God_in_Christianity" title="Attributes of God in Christianity">Divine Attributes</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)">Schools</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustinianism" title="Augustinianism">Augustinianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Saint_Victor" title="School of Saint Victor">Victorines</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llullism" class="mw-redirect" title="Llullism">Llullism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartesianism" title="Cartesianism">Cartesianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoplatonism_and_Christianity" title="Neoplatonism and Christianity">Christian Neoplatonism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Friends_of_God" title="Friends of God">Friends of God</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molinism" title="Molinism">Molinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouvelle_th%C3%A9ologie" title="Nouvelle théologie">Ressourcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occamism" title="Occamism">Occamism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scholasticism" title="Scholasticism">Scholasticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_scholasticism" title="Second scholasticism">Second scholasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-scholasticism" title="Neo-scholasticism">Neo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotism" title="Scotism">Scotism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomism" title="Thomism">Thomism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Analytical_Thomism" title="Analytical Thomism">Analytic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_Salamanca" title="School of Salamanca">Salamanca</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content-with-subgroup hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_philosophers_and_theologians" title="List of Catholic philosophers and theologians">Philosophers</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar-subgroup"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)">Ancient</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose" title="Ambrose">Ambrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athenagoras_of_Athens" title="Athenagoras of Athens">Athenagoras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandria" title="Athanasius of Alexandria">Athanasius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedict_of_Nursia" title="Benedict of Nursia">Benedict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boethius" title="Boethius">Boethius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Alexandria" title="Clement of Alexandria">Clement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprian" title="Cyprian">Cyprian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Alexandria" title="Cyril of Alexandria">Cyril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nazianzus" title="Gregory of Nazianzus">Gregory (of Nazianzus)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nyssa" title="Gregory of Nyssa">Gregory (of Nyssa)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irenaeus" title="Irenaeus">Irenaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cassian" title="John Cassian">Cassian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Chrysostom" title="John Chrysostom">Chrysostom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Climacus" title="John Climacus">Climacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Damascus" title="John of Damascus">John of Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Martyr" title="Justin Martyr">Justin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_the_Confessor" title="Maximus the Confessor">Maximus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Dionysius_the_Areopagite" title="Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite">Dionysius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origen" title="Origen">Origen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertullian" title="Tertullian">Tertullian</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)">Medieval</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Abelard" title="Peter Abelard">Abelard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albertus_Magnus" title="Albertus Magnus">Albert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcuin" title="Alcuin">Alcuin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_of_Hales" title="Alexander of Hales">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anselm_of_Canterbury" title="Anselm of Canterbury">Anselm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_of_Autrecourt" title="Nicholas of Autrecourt">Autrecourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Bacon" title="Roger Bacon">Bacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bede" title="Bede">Bede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berengar_of_Tours" title="Berengar of Tours">Berengar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_of_Clairvaux" title="Bernard of Clairvaux">Bernard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonaventure" title="Bonaventure">Bonaventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Buridan" title="Jean Buridan">Buridan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Siena" title="Catherine of Siena">Catherine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_of_Cusa" title="Nicholas of Cusa">Cusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meister_Eckhart" title="Meister Eckhart">Eckhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Scotus_Eriugena" title="John Scotus Eriugena">Eriugena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giles_of_Rome" title="Giles of Rome">Giles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_I" title="Pope Gregory I">Gregory I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Grosseteste" title="Robert Grosseteste">Grosseteste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominicus_Gundissalinus" title="Dominicus Gundissalinus">Gundissalinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildegard_of_Bingen" title="Hildegard of Bingen">Hildegard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_of_Saint_Victor" title="Hugh of Saint Victor">Hugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isidore_of_Seville" title="Isidore of Seville">Isidore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramon_Llull" title="Ramon Llull">Llull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Lombard" title="Peter Lombard">Lombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_of_Braga" title="Martin of Braga">Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_of_Ockham" title="William of Ockham">Ockham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicole_Oresme" title="Nicole Oresme">Oresme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschasius_Radbertus" title="Paschasius Radbertus">Paschasius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roscellinus" title="Roscellinus">Roscellinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duns_Scotus" title="Duns Scotus">Scotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siger_of_Brabant" title="Siger of Brabant">Siger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symeon_the_New_Theologian" title="Symeon the New Theologian">Symeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thierry_of_Chartres" title="Thierry of Chartres">Thierry</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)">Modern</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Arnauld" title="Antoine Arnauld">Arnauld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teresa_of_%C3%81vila" title="Teresa of Ávila">Ávila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_de_Azpilcueta" title="Martín de Azpilcueta">Azpilcueta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bellarmine" title="Robert Bellarmine">Bellarmine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Bonald" title="Louis de Bonald">Bonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques-B%C3%A9nigne_Bossuet" title="Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet">Bossuet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Brentano" title="Franz Brentano">Brentano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Botero" title="Giovanni Botero">Botero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cajetan" title="Thomas Cajetan">Cajetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Ren%C3%A9_de_Chateaubriand" title="François-René de Chateaubriand">Chateaubriand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Donoso_Cort%C3%A9s" title="Juan Donoso Cortés">Cortés</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">Descartes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erasmus" title="Erasmus">Erasmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_F%C3%A9nelon" title="François Fénelon">Fénelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltasar_Graci%C3%A1n" title="Baltasar Gracián">Gracián</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Ko%C5%82%C5%82%C4%85taj" title="Hugo Kołłątaj">Kołłątaj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Krasicki" title="Ignacy Krasicki">Krasicki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9licit%C3%A9_de_La_Mennais" title="Félicité de La Mennais">La Mennais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonsus_Liguori" title="Alphonsus Liguori">Liguori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_de_Maistre" title="Joseph de Maistre">Maistre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Malebranche" title="Nicolas Malebranche">Malebranche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Mariana" title="Juan de Mariana">Mariana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexius_Meinong" title="Alexius Meinong">Meinong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_de_Mercado" title="Tomás de Mercado">Mercado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Molina" title="Luis de Molina">Molina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Newman" title="John Henry Newman">Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaise_Pascal" title="Blaise Pascal">Pascal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Rosmini" title="Antonio Rosmini">Rosmini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_de_Sales" title="Francis de Sales">Sales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domingo_de_Soto" title="Domingo de Soto">Soto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Su%C3%A1rez" title="Francisco Suárez">Suárez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giambattista_Vico" title="Giambattista Vico">Vico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Vitoria" title="Francisco de Vitoria">Vitoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Caramuel_y_Lobkowitz" title="Juan Caramuel y Lobkowitz">Caramuel</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:gold;color: var(--color-base)">Contemporary</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mortimer_J._Adler" title="Mortimer J. Adler">Adler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._E._M._Anscombe" title="G. E. M. Anscombe">Anscombe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Urs_von_Balthasar" title="Hans Urs von Balthasar">Balthasar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Barron" title="Robert Barron">Barron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Benedict XVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Blondel" title="Maurice Blondel">Blondel</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chesterton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Congar" title="Yves Congar">Congar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Copleston" title="Frederick Copleston">Copleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Finnis" title="John Finnis">Finnis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9ginald_Garrigou-Lagrange" title="Réginald Garrigou-Lagrange">Garrigou-Lagrange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Geach" title="Peter Geach">Geach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Gilson" title="Étienne Gilson">Gilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Girard" title="René Girard">Girard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="Gustavo Gutiérrez">Gutiérrez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_G%C3%B3mez_D%C3%A1vila" title="Nicolás Gómez Dávila">Dávila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romano_Guardini" title="Romano Guardini">Guardini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Haldane_(philosopher)" title="John Haldane (philosopher)">Haldane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_von_Hildebrand" title="Dietrich von Hildebrand">Hildebrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">John Paul II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lonergan" title="Bernard Lonergan">Lonergan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Lubac" title="Henri de Lubac">Lubac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alasdair_MacIntyre" title="Alasdair MacIntyre">MacIntyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Marcel" title="Gabriel Marcel">Marcel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Marion" title="Jean-Luc Marion">Marion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Maritain" title="Jacques Maritain">Maritain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_McLuhan" title="Marshall McLuhan">McLuhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Mounier" title="Emmanuel Mounier">Mounier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Pieper" title="Josef Pieper">Pieper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Rahner" title="Karl Rahner">Rahner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Stein" title="Edith Stein">Stein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Taylor_(philosopher)" title="Charles Taylor (philosopher)">Taylor</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" 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class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 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id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life">Early life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:G.K._Chesterton_at_the_age_of_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/G.K._Chesterton_at_the_age_of_17.jpg/170px-G.K._Chesterton_at_the_age_of_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/G.K._Chesterton_at_the_age_of_17.jpg/255px-G.K._Chesterton_at_the_age_of_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/G.K._Chesterton_at_the_age_of_17.jpg/340px-G.K._Chesterton_at_the_age_of_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="773" data-file-height="1167" /></a><figcaption>Chesterton at the age of 17</figcaption></figure> <p>Chesterton was born in <a href="/wiki/Campden_Hill" title="Campden Hill">Campden Hill</a> in <a href="/wiki/Kensington" title="Kensington">Kensington</a>, London, on 29 May 1874. His father was Edward Chesterton, an estate agent, and his mother was Marie Louise, <span title="Name at birth"><a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">née</a></span> Grosjean, of Swiss-French origin.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chesterton was baptised at the age of one month into the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer20111_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKer20111-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though his family themselves were irregularly practising <a href="/wiki/Christian_Unitarianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Unitarianism">Unitarians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer201113_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKer201113-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to his autobiography, as a young man he became fascinated with the <a href="/wiki/Occult" title="Occult">occult</a> and, along with his brother <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Chesterton" title="Cecil Chesterton">Cecil</a>, experimented with <a href="/wiki/Ouija_boards" class="mw-redirect" title="Ouija boards">Ouija boards</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1936[httpgutenbergnetauebooks131301201hhtmlch15_Chapter_IV]_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1936[httpgutenbergnetauebooks131301201hhtmlch15_Chapter_IV]-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was educated at <a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_School,_London" title="St Paul's School, London">St Paul's School</a>, then attended the <a href="/wiki/Slade_School_of_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Slade School of Art">Slade School of Art</a> to become an illustrator. The Slade is a department of <a href="/wiki/University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a>, where Chesterton also took classes in literature, but he did not complete a degree in either subject. He married <a href="/wiki/Frances_Blogg" title="Frances Blogg">Frances Blogg</a> in 1901; the marriage lasted the rest of his life. Chesterton credited Frances with leading him back to <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a>, though he later considered Anglicanism to be a "pale imitation". He entered in full communion with the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> in 1922.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer2011265–266_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKer2011265–266-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The couple were unable to have children.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer2011162–163_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKer2011162–163-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A friend from schooldays was <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Clerihew_Bentley" title="Edmund Clerihew Bentley">Edmund Clerihew Bentley</a>, inventor of the <a href="/wiki/Clerihew" title="Clerihew">clerihew</a>, a whimsical four-line biographical poem. Chesterton himself wrote clerihews and illustrated his friend's first published collection of poetry, <i>Biography for Beginners</i> (1905), which popularised the clerihew form. He became godfather to Bentley's son, <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Bentley" title="Nicolas Bentley">Nicolas</a>, and opened his novel <i>The Man Who Was Thursday</i> with a poem written to Bentley.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Career">Career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In September 1895, Chesterton began working for the London publisher George Redway, where he remained for just over a year.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer201141_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKer201141-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 1896, he moved to the publishing house <a href="/wiki/T._Fisher_Unwin" title="T. Fisher Unwin">T. Fisher Unwin</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer201141_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKer201141-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he remained until 1902. During this period he also undertook his first journalistic work, as a freelance art and literary critic. In 1902, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_News_(UK)" title="The Daily News (UK)">The Daily News</a></i> gave him a weekly opinion column, followed in 1905 by a weekly column in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Illustrated_London_News" title="The Illustrated London News">The Illustrated London News</a></i>, for which he continued to write for the next thirty years. </p><p>Early on Chesterton showed a great interest in and talent for art. He had planned to become an artist, and his writing shows a vision that clothed abstract ideas in concrete and memorable images. <a href="/wiki/Father_Brown" title="Father Brown">Father Brown</a> is perpetually correcting the incorrect vision of the bewildered folks at the scene of the crime and wandering off at the end with the criminal to exercise his priestly role of recognition, repentance and reconciliation. For example, in the story "<i>The Flying Stars</i>", Father Brown entreats the character <a href="/wiki/Flambeau_(character)" title="Flambeau (character)">Flambeau</a> to give up his life of crime: "There is still youth and honour and humour in you; don't fancy they will last in that trade. Men may keep a sort of level of good, but no man has ever been able to keep on one level of evil. That road goes down and down. The kind man drinks and turns cruel; the frank man kills and lies about it. Many a man I've known started like you to be an honest outlaw, a merry robber of the rich, and ended stamped into slime."<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caricature_of_Chesterton,_by_Beerbohm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Caricature_of_Chesterton%2C_by_Beerbohm.jpg/170px-Caricature_of_Chesterton%2C_by_Beerbohm.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Caricature_of_Chesterton%2C_by_Beerbohm.jpg/255px-Caricature_of_Chesterton%2C_by_Beerbohm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Caricature_of_Chesterton%2C_by_Beerbohm.jpg/340px-Caricature_of_Chesterton%2C_by_Beerbohm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1323" data-file-height="2449" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Caricature" title="Caricature">Caricature</a> by <a href="/wiki/Max_Beerbohm" title="Max Beerbohm">Max Beerbohm</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Chesterton loved to debate, often engaging in friendly public disputes with such men as <a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/H._G._Wells" title="H. G. Wells">H. G. Wells</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Bertrand Russell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Clarence_Darrow" title="Clarence Darrow">Clarence Darrow</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to his autobiography, he and Shaw played cowboys in a silent film that was never released.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1936231–235_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1936231–235-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 7 January 1914 Chesterton (along with his brother <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Chesterton" title="Cecil Chesterton">Cecil</a> and future sister-in-law <a href="/wiki/Ada_Elizabeth_Chesterton" title="Ada Elizabeth Chesterton">Ada</a>) took part in the mock-trial of John Jasper for the murder of <a href="/wiki/The_Mystery_of_Edwin_Drood" title="The Mystery of Edwin Drood">Edwin Drood</a>. Chesterton was Judge and George Bernard Shaw played the role of foreman of the jury.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chesterton was a large man, standing 6 feet 4 inches (1.93 m) tall and weighing around 20 stone 6 pounds (130 kg; 286 lb). His girth gave rise to an anecdote during the First World War, when a lady in London asked why he was not "out at the <a href="/wiki/Western_Front_(World_War_I)" title="Western Front (World War I)">Front</a>"; he replied, "If you go round to the side, you will see that I am."<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On another occasion he remarked to his friend George Bernard Shaw, "To look at you, anyone would think a famine had struck England." Shaw retorted, "To look at you, anyone would think you had caused it."<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/P._G._Wodehouse" title="P. G. Wodehouse">P. G. Wodehouse</a> once described a very loud crash as "a sound like G. K. Chesterton falling onto a sheet of tin".<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chesterton usually wore a cape and a crumpled hat, with a <a href="/wiki/Swordstick" title="Swordstick">swordstick</a> in hand, and a cigar hanging out of his mouth. He had a tendency to forget where he was supposed to be going and miss the train that was supposed to take him there. It is reported that on several occasions he sent a telegram to his wife Frances from an incorrect location, writing such things as "Am in <a href="/wiki/Market_Harborough" title="Market Harborough">Market Harborough</a>. Where ought I to be?" to which she would reply, "Home".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWard1944chapter_XV_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWard1944chapter_XV-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chesterton himself told this story, omitting, however, his wife's alleged reply, in his autobiography.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1936Chapter_16_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1936Chapter_16-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1931, the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> invited Chesterton to give a series of radio talks. He accepted, tentatively at first. He was allowed (and encouraged) to improvise on the scripts. This allowed his talks to maintain an intimate character, as did the decision to allow his wife and secretary to sit with him during his broadcasts.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer2011675_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKer2011675-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The talks were very popular. A BBC official remarked, after Chesterton's death, that "in another year or so, he would have become the dominating voice from Broadcasting House."<sup id="cite_ref-catholicauthors_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-catholicauthors-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chesterton was nominated for the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize in Literature</a> in 1935.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chesterton was part of the <a href="/wiki/Detection_Club" title="Detection Club">Detection Club</a>, a society of British mystery authors founded by <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Berkeley_Cox" title="Anthony Berkeley Cox">Anthony Berkeley</a> in 1928. He was elected as the first president and served from 1930 to 1936 until he was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Clerihew_Bentley" title="Edmund Clerihew Bentley">E. C. Bentley</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chesterton was one of the dominating figures of the London literary scene in the early 20th century. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death">Death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PPXI.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/PPXI.jpeg/220px-PPXI.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/PPXI.jpeg/330px-PPXI.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/PPXI.jpeg/440px-PPXI.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2525" data-file-height="2447" /></a><figcaption>Telegram sent by Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Pacelli" class="mw-redirect" title="Eugenio Pacelli">Eugenio Pacelli</a> (the future Pius XII) on behalf of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XI" title="Pope Pius XI">Pope Pius XI</a> to the people of England following the death of Chesterton</figcaption></figure> <p>Chesterton died of <a href="/wiki/Congestive_heart_failure" class="mw-redirect" title="Congestive heart failure">congestive heart failure</a> on 14 June 1936, aged 62, at his home in <a href="/wiki/Beaconsfield" title="Beaconsfield">Beaconsfield</a>, Buckinghamshire. His last words were a greeting of good morning spoken to his wife Frances. The sermon at Chesterton's <a href="/wiki/Requiem_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Requiem Mass">Requiem Mass</a> in <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Cathedral" title="Westminster Cathedral">Westminster Cathedral</a>, London, was delivered by <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Knox" title="Ronald Knox">Ronald Knox</a> on 27 June 1936. Knox said, "All of this generation has grown up under Chesterton's influence so completely that we do not even know when we are thinking Chesterton."<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is buried in Beaconsfield in the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Catholic</a> Cemetery. Chesterton's estate was <a href="/wiki/Probate" title="Probate">probated</a> at £28,389, equivalent to £2,436,459 in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Near the end of Chesterton's life, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XI" title="Pope Pius XI">Pope Pius XI</a> invested him as Knight Commander with Star of the Papal <a href="/wiki/Order_of_St._Gregory_the_Great" title="Order of St. Gregory the Great">Order of St. Gregory the Great</a> (KC*SG).<sup id="cite_ref-catholicauthors_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-catholicauthors-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Chesterton Society has proposed that he be <a href="/wiki/Beatification" title="Beatification">beatified</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Writing">Writing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Writing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chesterton wrote around 80 books, several hundred poems, some 200 short stories, 4,000 essays (mostly newspaper columns), and several plays. He was a literary and social critic, historian, playwright, novelist, and Catholic theologian<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Apologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Apologist">apologist</a>, debater, and mystery writer. He was a columnist for the <i>Daily News</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Illustrated_London_News" title="The Illustrated London News">The Illustrated London News</a></i>, and his own paper, <i><a href="/wiki/G._K.%27s_Weekly" title="G. K.'s Weekly">G. K.'s Weekly</a></i>; he also wrote articles for the <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>, including the entry on <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a> and part of the entry on Humour in the 14th edition (1929). His best-known character is the priest-detective <a href="/wiki/Father_Brown" title="Father Brown">Father Brown</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Father_Brown_on_Chesterton_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Father_Brown_on_Chesterton-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who appeared only in short stories, while <i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Was_Thursday" title="The Man Who Was Thursday">The Man Who Was Thursday</a></i> is arguably his best-known novel. He was a convinced Christian long before he was received into the Catholic Church, and Christian themes and symbolism appear in much of his writing. In the United States, his writings on <a href="/wiki/Distributism" title="Distributism">distributism</a> were popularised through <i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Review_(literary_journal)" title="The American Review (literary journal)">The American Review</a></i>, published by <a href="/wiki/Seward_Collins" title="Seward Collins">Seward Collins</a> in New York. </p><p>Of his nonfiction, <i>Charles Dickens: A Critical Study</i> (1906) has received some of the broadest-based praise. According to <a href="/wiki/Ian_Ker" title="Ian Ker">Ian Ker</a> (<i>The Catholic Revival in English Literature, 1845–1961</i>, 2003), "In Chesterton's eyes Dickens belongs to <a href="/wiki/Merry_England" title="Merry England">Merry</a>, not <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">Puritan</a>, England"; Ker treats Chesterton's thought in chapter 4 of that book as largely growing out of his true appreciation of Dickens, a somewhat shop-soiled property in the view of other literary opinions of the time. The biography was largely responsible for creating a popular revival for Dickens's work as well as a serious reconsideration of Dickens by scholars.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chesterton's writings consistently displayed wit and a sense of humour. He employed paradox, while making serious comments on the world, government, politics, economics, philosophy, theology and many other topics.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">T. S. Eliot</a> summed up his work as follows: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>He was importantly and consistently on the side of the angels. Behind the <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Johnsonian</a> fancy dress, so reassuring to the British public, he concealed the most serious and revolutionary designs—concealing them by exposure<span class="nowrap"> </span>... Chesterton's social and economic ideas<span class="nowrap"> </span>... were fundamentally Christian and Catholic. He did more, I think, than any man of his time—and was able to do more than anyone else, because of his particular background, development and abilities as a public performer—to maintain the existence of the important minority in the modern world. He leaves behind a permanent claim upon our loyalty, to see that the work that he did in his time is continued in ours.<sup id="cite_ref-Gilbert_Chesterton_by_T._S._Eliot_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gilbert_Chesterton_by_T._S._Eliot-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Eliot commented further that "His poetry was first-rate journalistic balladry, and I do not suppose that he took it more seriously than it deserved. He reached a high imaginative level with <i><a href="/wiki/The_Napoleon_of_Notting_Hill" title="The Napoleon of Notting Hill">The Napoleon of Notting Hill</a></i>, and higher with <i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Was_Thursday" title="The Man Who Was Thursday">The Man Who Was Thursday</a></i>, romances in which he turned the <a href="/wiki/Robert_Louis_Stevenson" title="Robert Louis Stevenson">Stevensonian</a> fantasy to more serious purpose. His book on <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Dickens</a> seems to me the best essay on that author that has ever been written. Some of his essays can be read again and again; though of his essay-writing as a whole, one can only say that it is remarkable to have maintained such a high average with so large an output."<sup id="cite_ref-Gilbert_Chesterton_by_T._S._Eliot_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gilbert_Chesterton_by_T._S._Eliot-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022, a three-volume bibliography of Chesterton was published, listing 9,000 contributions he made to newspapers, magazines, and journals, as well as 200 books and 3,000 articles about him.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contemporaries">Contemporaries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Contemporaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Chesterbelloc""><span id=".22Chesterbelloc.22"></span>"Chesterbelloc"</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: "Chesterbelloc""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/G._K.%27s_Weekly" title="G. K.'s Weekly">G. K.'s Weekly</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shaw,_Belloc_e_Chesterton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Shaw%2C_Belloc_e_Chesterton.jpg/220px-Shaw%2C_Belloc_e_Chesterton.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Shaw%2C_Belloc_e_Chesterton.jpg/330px-Shaw%2C_Belloc_e_Chesterton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Shaw%2C_Belloc_e_Chesterton.jpg/440px-Shaw%2C_Belloc_e_Chesterton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2776" data-file-height="1666" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hilaire_Belloc" title="Hilaire Belloc">Hilaire Belloc</a>, and G. K. Chesterton</figcaption></figure> <p>Chesterton is often associated with his close friend, the poet and essayist <a href="/wiki/Hilaire_Belloc" title="Hilaire Belloc">Hilaire Belloc</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> George Bernard Shaw coined the name "Chesterbelloc"<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for their partnership,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and this stuck. Though they were very different men, they shared many beliefs;<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1922, Chesterton joined Belloc in the Catholic faith, and both voiced criticisms of capitalism and socialism.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They instead espoused a third way: <a href="/wiki/Distributism" title="Distributism">distributism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/G._K.%27s_Weekly" title="G. K.'s Weekly">G. K.'s Weekly</a></i>, which occupied much of Chesterton's energy in the last 15 years of his life, was the successor to Belloc's <i><a href="/wiki/New_Witness" class="mw-redirect" title="New Witness">New Witness</a></i>, taken over from <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Chesterton" title="Cecil Chesterton">Cecil Chesterton</a>, Gilbert's brother, who died in World War I. </p><p>In his book <i>On the Place of Gilbert Chesterton in English Letters</i>, Belloc wrote that "Everything he wrote upon any one of the great English literary names was of the first quality. He summed up any one pen (that of <a href="/wiki/Jane_Austen" title="Jane Austen">Jane Austen</a>, for instance) in exact sentences; sometimes in a single sentence, after a fashion which no one else has approached. He stood quite by himself in this department. He understood the very minds (to take the two most famous names) of <a href="/wiki/William_Makepeace_Thackeray" title="William Makepeace Thackeray">Thackeray</a> and of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Dickens</a>. He understood and presented <a href="/wiki/George_Meredith" title="George Meredith">Meredith</a>. He understood the supremacy in <a href="/wiki/John_Milton" title="John Milton">Milton</a>. He understood <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pope" title="Alexander Pope">Pope</a>. He understood the great <a href="/wiki/John_Dryden" title="John Dryden">Dryden</a>. He was not swamped as nearly all his contemporaries were by <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">Shakespeare</a>, wherein they drown as in a vast sea – for that is what Shakespeare is. Gilbert Chesterton continued to understand the youngest and latest comers as he understood the forefathers in our great corpus of English verse and prose."<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wilde">Wilde</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Wilde"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In his book <i><a href="/wiki/Heretics_(book)" title="Heretics (book)">Heretics</a></i>, Chesterton said this of <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wilde" title="Oscar Wilde">Oscar Wilde</a>: "The same lesson [of the pessimistic pleasure-seeker] was taught by the very powerful and very desolate philosophy of Oscar Wilde. It is the <a href="/wiki/Carpe_diem" title="Carpe diem">carpe diem</a> religion; but the carpe diem religion is not the religion of happy people, but of very unhappy people. Great joy does not gather the rosebuds while it may; its eyes are fixed on the immortal rose which Dante saw."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1905[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbookshereticsch7html_chapter_7]_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1905[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbookshereticsch7html_chapter_7]-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More briefly, and with a closer approximation to Wilde's own style, he wrote in his 1908 book <i><a href="/wiki/Orthodoxy_(book)" title="Orthodoxy (book)">Orthodoxy</a></i> concerning the necessity of making symbolic sacrifices for the gift of creation: "Oscar Wilde said that sunsets were not valued because we could not pay for sunsets. But Oscar Wilde was wrong; we can pay for sunsets. We can pay for them by not being Oscar Wilde." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shaw">Shaw</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Shaw"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chesterton and <a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a> were famous friends and enjoyed their arguments and discussions. Although rarely in agreement, they each maintained good will toward, and respect for, the other.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his writing, Chesterton expressed himself very plainly on where they differed and why. In <i>Heretics</i> he writes of Shaw: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>After belabouring a great many people for a great many years for being unprogressive, Mr Shaw has discovered, with characteristic sense, that it is very doubtful whether any existing human being with two legs can be progressive at all. Having come to doubt whether humanity can be combined with progress, most people, easily pleased, would have elected to abandon progress and remain with humanity. Mr Shaw, not being easily pleased, decides to throw over humanity with all its limitations and go in for progress for its own sake. If man, as we know him, is incapable of the philosophy of progress, Mr Shaw asks, not for a new kind of philosophy, but for a new kind of man. It is rather as if a nurse had tried a rather bitter food for some years on a baby, and on discovering that it was not suitable, should not throw away the food and ask for a new food, but throw the baby out of window, and ask for a new baby.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1905[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbookshereticsch4html_chapter_4]_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1905[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbookshereticsch4html_chapter_4]-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Views">Views</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Advocacy_of_Catholicism">Advocacy of Catholicism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Advocacy of Catholicism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #98285c;border-spacing:0.2em 0;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="padding-bottom:0.1em;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics" title="Category:Politics">Politics series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="padding:0.1em 0 0.2em;background:#98285c;font-size:200%;font-weight:normal;color:white;"><b><a href="/wiki/Tory" title="Tory"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">Toryism</span></a></b></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0.4em 0 0.4em;"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Royal_Oak.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The Royal Oak in which Charles II hid to escape capture by the Roundheads is a prominent symbol of Toryism"><img alt="The Royal Oak in which Charles II hid to escape capture by the Roundheads is a prominent symbol of Toryism" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Royal_Oak.png/190px-Royal_Oak.png" decoding="async" width="190" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Royal_Oak.png/285px-Royal_Oak.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Royal_Oak.png/380px-Royal_Oak.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="524" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;background:#98285c;color:white;;color: var(--color-base)"><span style="color:white">Characteristics</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agrarianism" title="Agrarianism">Agrarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classicism" title="Classicism">Classicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterrevolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Counterrevolution">Counterrevolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="High Church">High Church</a> (<a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_culture" title="High culture">High culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interventionism_(politics)" title="Interventionism (politics)">Interventionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyalism" title="Loyalism">Loyalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchism" title="Monarchism">Monarchism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Noblesse_oblige" title="Noblesse oblige">Noblesse oblige</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tradition" title="Tradition">Traditionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_Catholicism" title="Traditionalist Catholicism">Traditionalist Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royalist" title="Royalist">Royalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Unionism in the United Kingdom">Unionism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;background:#98285c;color:white;;color: var(--color-base)"><span style="color:white">General topics</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cavalier" title="Cavalier">Cavaliers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalier_Parliament" title="Cavalier Parliament">Cavalier Parliament</a></li> <li><span title="French-language text"><i lang="fr"><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_Clique" class="mw-redirect" title="Château Clique">Château Clique</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_corporatism" title="Conservative corporatism">Conservative corporatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_right_of_kings" title="Divine right of kings">Divine right of kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Compact" title="Family Compact">Family Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobitism" title="Jacobitism">Jacobitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Movement" title="Oxford Movement">Oxford Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powellism" title="Powellism">Powellism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;background:#98285c;color:white;;color: var(--color-base)"><span style="color:white">People </span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Filmer" title="Robert Filmer">Robert Filmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Hyde,_1st_Earl_of_Clarendon" title="Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon">1st Earl of Clarendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_L%27Estrange" title="Roger L'Estrange">Roger L'Estrange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Hyde,_1st_Earl_of_Rochester" title="Laurence Hyde, 1st Earl of Rochester">1st Earl of Rochester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_St_John,_1st_Viscount_Bolingbroke" title="Henry St John, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke">1st Viscount Bolingbroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Samuel Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Stuart,_3rd_Earl_of_Bute" title="John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute">3rd Earl of Bute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">1st Duke of Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Walter Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Stanley Baldwin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">G. K. Chesterton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enoch_Powell" title="Enoch Powell">Enoch Powell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Grant_(philosopher)" title="George Grant (philosopher)">George Grant</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="padding-left:0.4em;padding-right:0.4em;background:#98285c;color:white;;color: var(--color-base)"><span style="color:white">Related topics</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carlism" title="Carlism">Carlism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chouan" title="Chouan">Chouans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristero_War" title="Cristero War">Cristeros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservatism" title="Conservatism">Conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distributism" title="Distributism">Distributism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Tory" title="High Tory">High Tory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legitimists" title="Legitimists">Legitimism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyalist_(American_Revolution)" title="Loyalist (American Revolution)">Loyalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguelist" title="Miguelist">Miguelism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_Tory" title="Pink Tory">Pink Tory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactionary" title="Reactionary">Reactionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Tory" title="Red Tory">Red Tory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royalist_(Spanish_American_independence)" title="Royalist (Spanish American independence)">Spanish American royalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanfedismo" title="Sanfedismo">Sanfedismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tory_socialism" title="Tory socialism">Tory socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_conservatism" title="Traditionalist conservatism">Traditionalist conservatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-Tories" title="Ultra-Tories">Ultra-Tories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_and_Royal_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic and Royal Army">Vendéens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viva_Maria_(movement)" title="Viva Maria (movement)">Viva Maria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veronese_Easter" title="Veronese Easter">Veronese Easter</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Toryism" title="Template:Toryism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Toryism" title="Template talk:Toryism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Toryism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Toryism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Chesterton's views, in contrast to Shaw and others, became increasingly focused towards the Church. In <i>Orthodoxy</i> he wrote: "The worship of will is the negation of will<span class="nowrap"> </span>... If Mr Bernard Shaw comes up to me and says, 'Will something', that is tantamount to saying, 'I do not mind what you will', and that is tantamount to saying, 'I have no will in the matter.' You cannot admire will in general, because the essence of will is that it is particular."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1905[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbookshereticsch20html_chapter_20]_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1905[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbookshereticsch20html_chapter_20]-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chesterton's <i><a href="/wiki/The_Everlasting_Man" title="The Everlasting Man">The Everlasting Man</a></i> contributed to <a href="/wiki/C._S._Lewis" title="C. S. Lewis">C. S. Lewis</a>'s conversion to Christianity. In a letter to <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Vanauken" title="Sheldon Vanauken">Sheldon Vanauken</a> (14 December 1950),<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lewis called the book "the best popular apologetic I know",<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and to Rhonda Bodle he wrote (31 December 1947)<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "the [very] best popular defence of the full Christian position I know is G. K. Chesterton's <i>The Everlasting Man</i>". The book was also cited in a list of 10 books that "most shaped his vocational attitude and philosophy of life".<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chesterton's hymn "O God of Earth and Altar" was printed in <i><a href="/wiki/Christian_Social_Union_(Church_of_England)#Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Social Union (Church of England)">The Commonwealth</a></i> and then included in <i><a href="/wiki/The_English_Hymnal" title="The English Hymnal">The English Hymnal</a></i> in 1906.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several lines of the hymn appear in the beginning of the song "Revelations" by the British heavy metal band <a href="/wiki/Iron_Maiden" title="Iron Maiden">Iron Maiden</a> on their 1983 album <i><a href="/wiki/Piece_of_Mind" title="Piece of Mind">Piece of Mind</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lead singer <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Dickinson" title="Bruce Dickinson">Bruce Dickinson</a> in an interview stated "I have a fondness for hymns. I love some of the ritual, the beautiful words, <i><a href="/wiki/And_did_those_feet_in_ancient_time" title="And did those feet in ancient time">Jerusalem</a></i> and there was another one, with words by G. K. Chesterton <i>O God of Earth and Altar</i> – very fire and brimstone: 'Bow down and hear our cry'. I used that for an Iron Maiden song, "Revelations". In my strange and clumsy way I was trying to say look it's all the same stuff."<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Gilson" title="Étienne Gilson">Étienne Gilson</a> praised Chesterton's book on <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a>: "I consider it as being, without possible comparison, the best book ever written on Saint Thomas<span class="nowrap"> </span>... the few readers who have spent twenty or thirty years in studying St. Thomas Aquinas, and who, perhaps, have themselves published two or three volumes on the subject, cannot fail to perceive that the so-called 'wit' of Chesterton has put their scholarship to shame."<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Archbishop <a href="/wiki/Fulton_J._Sheen" title="Fulton J. Sheen">Fulton J. Sheen</a>, the author of 70 books, identified Chesterton as the stylist who had the greatest impact on his own writing, stating in his autobiography <i>Treasure in Clay</i>, "the greatest influence in writing was G. K. Chesterton who never used a useless word, who saw the value of a paradox, and avoided what was trite."<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chesterton wrote the introduction to Sheen's book <i>God and Intelligence in Modern Philosophy; A Critical Study in the Light of the Philosophy of Saint Thomas</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Common_Sense">Common Sense</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Common Sense"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #36c; border-spacing:0.2em 0;color: var(--color-base, #000);"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Conservatism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Category:Conservatism in the United Kingdom">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:#154E9D; padding-top:0.25em; font-size:160%; font-weight:normal; color:white; line-height:1em"><a href="/wiki/Conservatism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Conservatism in the United Kingdom"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFF">Conservatism<br />in the United Kingdom</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_(2022,_variant_2).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg/90px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg/135px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg/180px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_United_Kingdom_%282022%2C_variant_2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="479" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Ideologies</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burkean_conservatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Burkean conservatism">Burkean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_David_Cameron" title="Political positions of David Cameron">Cameronism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muscular_liberalism" title="Muscular liberalism">Muscular liberalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic_conservatism" class="mw-redirect" title="Civic conservatism">Civic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compassionate_conservatism" title="Compassionate conservatism">Compassionate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Nigel_Farage" title="Political positions of Nigel Farage">Faragism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Michael_Gove" title="Political positions of Michael Gove">Goveism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_conservatism#United_Kingdom" title="Green conservatism">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_conservatism" title="Liberal conservatism">Liberal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thatcherism" title="Thatcherism">Thatcherism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarianism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Libertarianism in the United Kingdom">Libertarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_neoconservatism" title="British neoconservatism">Neo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-nation_conservatism" title="One-nation conservatism">One-nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powellism" title="Powellism">Powellism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_conservatism" title="Progressive conservatism">Progressive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tory" title="Tory">Toryism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_Tory" title="High Tory">High</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Tory" title="Red Tory">Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tory_socialism" title="Tory socialism">Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra-Tories" title="Ultra-Tories">Ultra</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Principles</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Unionism in the United Kingdom">British unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_liberalism" title="Classical liberalism">Classical liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elitism" title="Elitism">Elitism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aristocracy" title="Aristocracy">Aristocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meritocracy" title="Meritocracy">Meritocracy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Noblesse_oblige" title="Noblesse oblige">Noblesse oblige</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_values" title="Family values">Family values</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">Imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyalism" title="Loyalism">Loyalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_absolutism" title="Moral absolutism">Moral absolutism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">Nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_nationalism" title="British nationalism">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_nationalism" title="English nationalism">English</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordered_liberty" title="Ordered liberty">Ordered liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protectionism" title="Protectionism">Protectionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">Royalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_hierarchy" class="mw-redirect" title="Social hierarchy">Social hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_market_economy" title="Social market economy">Social market economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">Sovereignty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_church" class="mw-redirect" title="State church">State church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tradition" title="Tradition">Tradition</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cavalier" title="Cavalier">Cavalier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_Restoration" title="Stuart Restoration">Stuart Restoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tories_(British_political_party)" title="Tories (British political party)">Tories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobitism" title="Jacobitism">Jacobitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Whigs" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Whigs">Old Whigs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corn_Laws" title="Corn Laws">Corn Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Movement" title="Oxford Movement">Oxford Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_England" title="Young England">Young England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Jacobite_Revival" title="Neo-Jacobite Revival">Neo-Jacobite Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Right#United_Kingdom" title="New Right">New Right</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Intellectuals</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Bagehot" title="Walter Bagehot">Bagehot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilaire_Belloc" title="Hilaire Belloc">Belloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Butterfield" title="Herbert Butterfield">Butterfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Carlyle" title="Thomas Carlyle">Carlyle</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Chesterton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Clark_(economist)" title="Gregory Clark (economist)">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Taylor_Coleridge" title="Samuel Taylor Coleridge">Coleridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Conquest" title="Robert Conquest">Conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Cowling" title="Maurice Cowling">Cowling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Dalrymple" title="Theodore Dalrymple">Dalrymple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Dawson" title="Christopher Dawson">Dawson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niall_Ferguson" title="Niall Ferguson">Ferguson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Filmer" title="Robert Filmer">Filmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Galton" title="Francis Galton">Galton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Gibbon" title="Edward Gibbon">Gibbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gray_(philosopher)" title="John Gray (philosopher)">Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Hayek" title="Friedrich Hayek">Hayek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">Hume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Johnson" title="Samuel Johnson">Johnson (Samuel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kemp_(writer)" title="Peter Kemp (writer)">Kemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudyard_Kipling" title="Rudyard Kipling">Kipling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Land" title="Nick Land">Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Laslett" title="Peter Laslett">Laslett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._H._Lawrence" title="D. H. Lawrence">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Ludovici" title="Anthony Ludovici">Ludovici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_More" title="Hannah More">More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Newman" title="John Henry Newman">Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Oakeshott" title="Michael Oakeshott">Oakeshott (Michael)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neema_Parvini" title="Neema Parvini">Parvini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ruskin" title="John Ruskin">Ruskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Scott" title="Walter Scott">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Scruton" title="Roger Scruton">Scruton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Southey" title="Robert Southey">Southey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Fitzjames_Stephen" title="James Fitzjames Stephen">Stephen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._D._Unwin" title="J. D. Unwin">Unwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Waugh" title="Evelyn Waugh">Waugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Wordsworth" title="William Wordsworth">Wordsworth</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Politicians</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kemi_Badenoch" title="Kemi Badenoch">Badenoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Baldwin" title="Stanley Baldwin">Baldwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Balfour" title="Arthur Balfour">Balfour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suella_Braverman" title="Suella Braverman">Braverman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Cameron" title="David Cameron">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Canning" title="George Canning">Canning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miriam_Cates" title="Miriam Cates">Cates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neville_Chamberlain" title="Neville Chamberlain">Chamberlain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Churchill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Disraeli" title="Benjamin Disraeli">Disraeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Farage" title="Nigel Farage">Farage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gove" title="Michael Gove">Gove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Hannan" title="Daniel Hannan">Hannan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hayes_(British_politician)" title="John Hayes (British politician)">Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintin_Hogg,_Baron_Hailsham_of_St_Marylebone" title="Quintin Hogg, Baron Hailsham of St Marylebone">Hogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Johnson (Boris)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Joseph" title="Keith Joseph">Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Leigh" title="Edward Leigh">Leigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Macmillan" title="Harold Macmillan">Macmillan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">May</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Peel" title="Robert Peel">Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Pitt_the_Younger" title="William Pitt the Younger">Pitt (the Younger)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enoch_Powell" title="Enoch Powell">Powell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_Rees-Mogg" title="Jacob Rees-Mogg">Rees-Mogg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gascoyne-Cecil,_3rd_Marquess_of_Salisbury" title="Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury">Salisbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Thatcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Willetts" title="David Willetts">Willetts</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Commentators</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Amis" title="Martin Amis">Amis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Benjamin" title="Carl Benjamin">Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Bowden" title="Jonathan Bowden">Bowden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nick_Cohen" title="Nick Cohen">Cohen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Cole_(journalist)" title="Harry Cole (journalist)">Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Evans_(comedian)" title="Simon Evans (comedian)">Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Forsyth" title="Frederick Forsyth">Forsyth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Goodwin" title="Matthew Goodwin">Goodwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin_Hanbury-Tracy,_7th_Baron_Sudeley" title="Merlin Hanbury-Tracy, 7th Baron Sudeley">Hanbury-Tracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Hitchens" title="Peter Hitchens">Hitchens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Johnson_(writer)" title="Paul Johnson (writer)">Johnson (Paul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Kisin" title="Konstantin Kisin">Kisin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Lunn" title="Arnold Lunn">Lunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Moore,_Baron_Moore_of_Etchingham" title="Charles Moore, Baron Moore of Etchingham">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piers_Morgan" title="Piers Morgan">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Murray_(author)" title="Douglas Murray (author)">Murray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraser_Nelson" title="Fraser Nelson">Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Oakeshott" title="Isabel Oakeshott">Oakeshott (Isabel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_O%27Sullivan_(columnist)" title="John O'Sullivan (columnist)">O'Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Pearce" title="Joseph Pearce">Pearce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Perry" title="Louise Perry">Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Pryce-Jones" title="David Pryce-Jones">Pryce-Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Roberts,_Baron_Roberts_of_Belgravia" title="Andrew Roberts, Baron Roberts of Belgravia">Roberts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Starkey" title="David Starkey">Starkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Sullivan" title="Andrew Sullivan">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camilla_Tominey" title="Camilla Tominey">Tominey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derek_Turner_(journalist)" title="Derek Turner (journalist)">Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Veitch" title="Charles Veitch">Veitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Verity" title="Ted Verity">Verity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Joseph_Watson" title="Paul Joseph Watson">Watson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_West_(journalist)" title="Ed West (journalist)">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peregrine_Worsthorne" title="Peregrine Worsthorne">Worsthorne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toby_Young" title="Toby Young">Young</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Literature</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Vindication_of_Natural_Society" title="A Vindication of Natural Society">A Vindication of Natural Society</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1756)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reflections_on_the_Revolution_in_France" title="Reflections on the Revolution in France">Reflections on the Revolution in France</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1790)</span></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Tamworth_Manifesto" title="Tamworth Manifesto">Tamworth Manifesto</a>" <span style="font-size:85%;">(1834)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/On_Heroes,_Hero-Worship,_%26_the_Heroic_in_History" title="On Heroes, Hero-Worship, & the Heroic in History">On Heroes</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1841)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coningsby_(novel)" title="Coningsby (novel)">Coningsby</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1844)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sybil_(novel)" title="Sybil (novel)">Sybil</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1845)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Culture_and_Anarchy" title="Culture and Anarchy">Culture and Anarchy</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1867–68)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orthodoxy_(book)" title="Orthodoxy (book)">Orthodoxy</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1908)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Servile_State" title="The Servile State">The Servile State</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1912)</span></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Tradition_and_the_Individual_Talent" title="Tradition and the Individual Talent">Tradition and the Individual Talent</a>" <span style="font-size:85%;">(1919)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Whig_Interpretation_of_History" class="mw-redirect" title="The Whig Interpretation of History">The Whig Interpretation of History</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1931)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Abolition_of_Man" title="The Abolition of Man">The Abolition of Man</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1943)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Left_Was_Never_Right" title="The Left Was Never Right">The Left Was Never Right</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1945)</span></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Rivers_of_Blood_speech" title="Rivers of Blood speech">Rivers of Blood</a>" <span style="font-size:85%;">(1968)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Culture,_What%27s_Left_of_It" title="Our Culture, What's Left of It">Our Culture, What's Left of It</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2005)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Black_Mass:_Apocalyptic_Religion_and_the_Death_of_Utopia" title="Black Mass: Apocalyptic Religion and the Death of Utopia">Black Mass</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2007)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rage_Against_God" title="The Rage Against God">The Rage Against God</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2010)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Degeneration" title="The Great Degeneration">The Great Degeneration</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2013)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Son_Also_Rises_(book)" title="The Son Also Rises (book)">The Son Also Rises</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2014)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/How_to_Be_a_Conservative" title="How to Be a Conservative">How to Be a Conservative</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2014)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conservatism:_An_Invitation_to_the_Great_Tradition" title="Conservatism: An Invitation to the Great Tradition">Conservatism</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2017)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Strange_Death_of_Europe" title="The Strange Death of Europe">The Strange Death of Europe</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2017)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Madness_of_Crowds:_Gender,_Race_and_Identity" title="The Madness of Crowds: Gender, Race and Identity">The Madness of Crowds</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2019)</span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Parties</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"><b>Active</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_EPP:_European_People%27s_Party_UK" title="Alliance EPP: European People's Party UK">Alliance EPP: European People's Party UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Party_(UK)" title="Christian Party (UK)">Christian Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Peoples_Alliance" title="Christian Peoples Alliance">Christian Peoples Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative and Unionist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">Democratic Unionist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Party_(UK)" title="Heritage Party (UK)">Heritage Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_UK" title="Reform UK">Reform UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Unionist_Voice" title="Traditional Unionist Voice">Traditional Unionist Voice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Independence_Party" title="UK Independence Party">UK Independence Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist Party</a></li></ul> <p><b>Defunct</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/For_Britain_Movement" title="For Britain Movement">For Britain Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tories_(British_political_party)" title="Tories (British political party)">Tories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veterans_and_People%27s_Party" title="Veterans and People's Party">Veterans and People's Party</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Activists</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allison_Bailey" title="Allison Bailey">Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kellie-Jay_Keen-Minshull" title="Kellie-Jay Keen-Minshull">Keen-Minshull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Marshall_(investor)" title="Paul Marshall (investor)">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tim_Montgomerie" title="Tim Montgomerie">Montgomerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippa_Stroud,_Baroness_Stroud" title="Philippa Stroud, Baroness Stroud">Stroud</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Organisations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/55_Tufton_Street" title="55 Tufton Street">55 Tufton Street</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Centre_for_Policy_Studies" title="Centre for Policy Studies">Centre for Policy Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Economic_Affairs" title="Institute of Economic Affairs">IEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGB_Alliance" title="LGB Alliance">LGB Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migration_Watch_UK" title="Migration Watch UK">Migration Watch UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Policy_Exchange" title="Policy Exchange">Policy Exchange</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bright_Blue_(organisation)" title="Bright Blue (organisation)">Bright Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Collar_Conservativism" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue Collar Conservativism">Blue Collar Conservativism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Democratic_Alliance" title="Conservative Democratic Alliance">Conservative Democratic Alliance</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Philosophy_Group" title="Conservative Philosophy Group">Conservative Philosophy Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornerstone_Group" title="Cornerstone Group">Cornerstone Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Research_Group" title="European Research Group">European Research Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Freedom_Association" title="The Freedom Association">The Freedom Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Speech_Union" title="Free Speech Union">Free Speech Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Jackson_Society" title="Henry Jackson Society">Henry Jackson Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Swinton_Circle" title="London Swinton Circle">London Swinton Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monday_Club" title="Monday Club">Monday Club</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Conservatism_Conference#2023_conference" title="National Conservatism Conference">NATCON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Nation_Conservatives_(caucus)" title="One Nation Conservatives (caucus)">One Nation Conservatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Order" title="Orange Order">Orange Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Conservative_Association" title="Oxford University Conservative Association">Oxford University Conservative Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_Book_Club" title="Right Book Club">Right Book Club</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Conservative_Caucus" title="Revolutionary Conservative Caucus">Revolutionary Conservative Caucus</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Defunct)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tory_Reform_Group" title="Tory Reform Group">Tory Reform Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Britain_Group" title="Traditional Britain Group">Traditional Britain Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turning_Point_UK" title="Turning Point UK">Turning Point UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Goals_Institute" title="Western Goals Institute">Western Goals Institute</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Defunct)</span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Media</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="font-style:italic"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Herald" title="Catholic Herald">Catholic Herald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ConservativeHome" title="ConservativeHome">ConservativeHome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Critic_(modern_magazine)" title="The Critic (modern magazine)">The Critic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daily_Express" title="Daily Express">Daily Express</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daily_Express#Sunday_Express" title="Daily Express">Sunday Express</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mail" title="Daily Mail">Daily Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Sceptic" title="The Daily Sceptic">The Daily Sceptic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evening_Standard" title="Evening Standard">Evening Standard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GB_News" title="GB News">GB News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mail_on_Sunday" title="The Mail on Sunday">The Mail on Sunday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Salisbury_Review" title="The Salisbury Review">The Salisbury Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Spectator" title="The Spectator">The Spectator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)" title="The Sun (United Kingdom)">The Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_on_Sunday" class="mw-redirect" title="The Sun on Sunday">The Sun on Sunday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Telegraph" title="The Sunday Telegraph">The Sunday Telegraph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Times" title="The Sunday Times">The Sunday Times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TalkTV_(British_TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="TalkTV (British TV channel)">TalkTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UnHerd" title="UnHerd">UnHerd</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #36c; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anglo-Catholicism" title="Anglo-Catholicism">Anglo-Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antidisestablishmentarianism" title="Antidisestablishmentarianism">Antidisestablishmentarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Labour" title="Blue Labour">Blue Labour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Analytica" title="Cambridge Analytica">Cambridge Analytica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censorship_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Censorship in the United Kingdom">Censorship in the UK</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hate_speech_laws_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Hate speech laws in the United Kingdom">Hate speech legislation</a></li></ul></li> <li>"<i><a href="/wiki/Noel_Skelton#Constructive_conservatism" title="Noel Skelton">Constructive conservatism</a></i>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Defence_League" title="English Defence League">English Defence League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_man_theory" title="Great man theory">Great man theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_conservatives" title="List of British conservatives">List of British conservatives</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Merry_England" title="Merry England">Merry England</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Sullivan%27s_first_law" class="mw-redirect" title="O'Sullivan's first law">O'Sullivan's first law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_Thomas_Carlyle" title="Philosophy of Thomas Carlyle">Philosophy of Thomas Carlyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Politics of the United Kingdom">Politics of the United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberalism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Liberalism in the United Kingdom">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialism in the United Kingdom">Socialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/National_Populism:_The_Revolt_Against_Liberal_Democracy" title="National Populism: The Revolt Against Liberal Democracy">National Populism</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remigration#United_Kingdom" title="Remigration">Remigration</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-bottom:0.22em; border-top:1px solid #AAA; border-bottom:1px solid #AAA"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/15px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/22px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg/30px-DodgerBlue_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Conservatism" title="Portal:Conservatism">Conservatism portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_Kingdom" title="Portal:United Kingdom">United Kingdom portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Conservatism_UK" title="Template:Conservatism UK"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Conservatism_UK" title="Template talk:Conservatism UK"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism_UK" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Conservatism UK"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Chesterton has been called "The Apostle of Common Sense".<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was critical of the thinkers and popular philosophers of the day, who though very clever, were saying things that he considered nonsensical. This is illustrated again in <i>Orthodoxy</i>: "Thus when Mr H. G. Wells says (as he did somewhere), 'All chairs are quite different', he utters not merely a misstatement, but a contradiction in terms. If all chairs were quite different, you could not call them 'all chairs'."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1908b[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbooksorthodoxych3html_chapter_3]_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1908b[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbooksorthodoxych3html_chapter_3]-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chesterton was an early member of the <a href="/wiki/Fabian_Society" title="Fabian Society">Fabian Society</a> but resigned at the time of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War" title="Second Boer War">Boer War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is often identified as a <a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_conservatism" title="Traditionalist conservatism">traditionalist conservative</a><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> due to his staunch support of tradition, expressed in <i>Orthodoxy</i> and other works with <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Burke" title="Edmund Burke">Burkean</a> quotes such as the following: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Tradition means giving votes to the most obscure of all classes, our ancestors. It is the democracy of the dead. Tradition refuses to submit to the small and arrogant oligarchy of those who merely happen to be walking about. All democrats object to men being disqualified by the accident of birth; tradition objects to their being disqualified by the accident of death. Democracy tells us not to neglect a good man's opinion, even if he is our groom; tradition asks us not to neglect a good man's opinion, even if he is our father.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Chesterton also called himself "the last liberal".<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="On_War">On War</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: On War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chesterton first emerged as a journalist just after the turn of the 20th century. His great, and very lonely, opposition to the <a href="/wiki/Second_Boer_War" title="Second Boer War">Second Boer War</a>, set him very much apart from most of the rest of the British press. Chesterton was a <a href="/wiki/Little_Englander" title="Little Englander">Little Englander</a>, opposed to <a href="/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism">imperialism</a>, British or otherwise. Chesterton thought that Great Britain betrayed her own principles in the Boer Wars. </p><p>In vivid contrast to his opposition to the Boer Wars, Chesterton vigorously defended and encouraged the Allies in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. "The war was in Chesterton's eyes a crusade, and he was certain that England was right to fight as she had been wrong in fighting the Boers."<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chesterton saw the roots of the war in Prussian militarism. He was deeply disturbed by Prussia's unprovoked invasion and occupation of neutral Belgium and by <a href="/wiki/Atrocity_propaganda" title="Atrocity propaganda">reports of shocking atrocities</a> the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_German_Army" title="Imperial German Army">Imperial German Army</a> was allegedly committing in Belgium. Over the course of the War, Chesterton wrote hundreds of essays defending it, attacking pacifism, and exhorting the public to persevere until victory. Some of these essays were collected in the 1916 work, <i>The Barbarism of Berlin</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of Chesterton's most successful works in support of the War was his 1915 tongue-in-cheek <i>The Crimes of England</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The work is masterfully ironic, supposedly apologizing and trying to help a fictitious Prussian professor named Whirlwind make the case for Prussia in WWI, while actually attacking Prussia throughout. Part of the book's humorous impact is the conceit that Professor Whirlwind never realizes how his supposed benefactor is undermining Prussia at every turn. Chesterton "blames" England for historically building up Prussia against Austria, and for its pacifism, especially among wealthy British Quaker political donors, who prevented Britain from standing up to past Prussian aggression. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accusations_of_antisemitism">Accusations of antisemitism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Accusations of antisemitism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:G._K._Chesterton_at_work.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/G._K._Chesterton_at_work.jpg/220px-G._K._Chesterton_at_work.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/G._K._Chesterton_at_work.jpg/330px-G._K._Chesterton_at_work.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/G._K._Chesterton_at_work.jpg/440px-G._K._Chesterton_at_work.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1192" /></a><figcaption>The late Chesterton at work</figcaption></figure> <p>Chesterton faced accusations of <a href="/wiki/Antisemitism" title="Antisemitism">antisemitism</a> during his lifetime, saying in his 1920 book <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Jerusalem_(Chesterton_book)" title="The New Jerusalem (Chesterton book)">The New Jerusalem</a></i> that it was something "for which my friends and I were for a long period rebuked and even reviled".<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite his protestations to the contrary, the accusation continues to be repeated.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An early supporter of <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Dreyfus" title="Alfred Dreyfus">Captain Dreyfus</a>, by 1906 he had turned into an <a href="/wiki/Dreyfus_affair" title="Dreyfus affair">anti-dreyfusard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From the early 20th century, his fictional work included caricatures of Jews, stereotyping them as greedy, cowardly, disloyal and communists.<sup id="cite_ref-Mayers85-7_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mayers85-7-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Martin_Gardner" title="Martin Gardner">Martin Gardner</a> suggests that <i>Four Faultless Felons</i> was allowed to go out of print in the United States because of the "anti-Semitism which mars so many pages."<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Marconi_scandal" title="Marconi scandal">Marconi scandal</a> of 1912–1913 brought issues of anti-Semitism into the political mainstream. Senior ministers in the Liberal government had secretly profited from advance knowledge of deals regarding wireless telegraphy, and critics regarded it as relevant that some of the key players were Jewish.<sup id="cite_ref-Frances_Donaldson_2011_51_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Frances_Donaldson_2011_51-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to historian Todd Endelman, who identified Chesterton as among the most vocal critics, "The Jew-baiting at the time of the Boer War and the Marconi scandal was linked to a broader protest, mounted in the main by the Radical wing of the Liberal Party, against the growing visibility of successful businessmen in national life and their challenge to what were seen as traditional English values."<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a work of 1917, titled <i>A Short History of England</i>, Chesterton considers the royal decree of 1290 by which Edward I <a href="/wiki/Edict_of_Expulsion" title="Edict of Expulsion">expelled Jews from England</a>, a policy that remained in place until 1655. Chesterton writes that popular perception of Jewish moneylenders could well have led Edward I's subjects to regard him as a "tender father of his people" for "breaking the rule by which the rulers had hitherto fostered their bankers' wealth". He felt that Jews, "a sensitive and highly civilized people" who "were the capitalists of the age, the men with wealth banked ready for use", might legitimately complain that "Christian kings and nobles, and even Christian popes and bishops, used for Christian purposes (such as the Crusades and the cathedrals) the money that could only be accumulated in such mountains by a usury they inconsistently denounced as unchristian; and then, when worse times came, gave up the Jew to the fury of the poor".<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <i>The New Jerusalem,</i> Chesterton dedicated a chapter to his views on the <a href="/wiki/Jewish_question" title="Jewish question">Jewish question</a>: the sense that Jews were a distinct people without a homeland of their own, living as foreigners in countries where they were always a minority.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1920[httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbooksNew_Jerusalemtxt_Chapter_13]_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1920[httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbooksNew_Jerusalemtxt_Chapter_13]-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He wrote that in the past, his position: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>was always called Anti-Semitism; but it was always much more true to call it Zionism.<span class="nowrap"> </span>... my friends and I had in some general sense a policy in the matter; and it was in substance the desire to give Jews the dignity and status of a separate nation. We desired that in some fashion, and so far as possible, Jews should be represented by Jews, should live in a society of Jews, should be judged by Jews and ruled by Jews. I am an Anti-Semite if that is Anti-Semitism. It would seem more rational to call it Semitism.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1920[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbooksNew_Jerusalemtxt_Chapter_13]_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1920[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbooksNew_Jerusalemtxt_Chapter_13]-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In the same place he proposed the thought experiment (describing it as "a parable" and "a flippant fancy") that Jews should be admitted to any role in English public life on condition that they must wear distinctively Middle Eastern garb, explaining that "The point is that we should know where we are; and he would know where he is, which is in a foreign land."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1920[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbooksNew_Jerusalemtxt_Chapter_13]_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1920[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbooksNew_Jerusalemtxt_Chapter_13]-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chesterton, like Belloc, openly expressed his abhorrence of <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>'s rule almost as soon as it started.<sup id="cite_ref-Pearce2005_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pearce2005-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Samuel_Wise" title="Stephen Samuel Wise">Stephen Samuel Wise</a> wrote in a posthumous tribute to Chesterton in 1937: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>When Hitlerism came, he was one of the first to speak out with all the directness and frankness of a great and unabashed spirit. Blessing to his memory!<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWard1944[httpsarchiveorgstreamgilbertkeithches001579mbppagen301mode2up_p._265]_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWard1944[httpsarchiveorgstreamgilbertkeithches001579mbppagen301mode2up_p._265]-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>In <i>The Truth About the Tribes,</i> Chesterton attacked <a href="/wiki/Nazi_racial_theories" title="Nazi racial theories">Nazi racial theories</a>, writing: "the essence of Nazi Nationalism is to preserve the purity of a race in a continent where all races are impure".<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The historian Simon Mayers points out that Chesterton wrote in works such as <i>The Crank</i>, <i>The Heresy of Race</i>, and <i>The Barbarian as Bore</i> against the concept of racial superiority and critiqued pseudo-scientific race theories, saying they were akin to a new religion.<sup id="cite_ref-Mayers85-7_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mayers85-7-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <i>The Truth About the Tribes</i> Chesterton wrote, "the curse of race religion is that it makes each separate man the sacred image which he worships. His own bones are the sacred relics; his own blood is the <a href="/wiki/Januarius#Blood" title="Januarius">blood of St. Januarius</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Mayers85-7_79-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mayers85-7-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mayers records that despite "his hostility towards Nazi antisemitism … [it is unfortunate that he made] claims that 'Hitlerism' was a form of Judaism, and that the Jews were partly responsible for race theory".<sup id="cite_ref-Mayers85-7_79-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mayers85-7-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <i>The Judaism of Hitler</i>, as well as in <i>A Queer Choice</i> and <i>The Crank</i>, Chesterton made much of the fact that the very notion of "a Chosen Race" was of Jewish origin, saying in <i>The Crank</i>: "If there is one outstanding quality in Hitlerism it is its Hebraism" and "the new Nordic Man has all the worst faults of the worst Jews: jealousy, greed, the mania of conspiracy, and above all, the belief in a Chosen Race".<sup id="cite_ref-Mayers85-7_79-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mayers85-7-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mayers also shows that Chesterton portrayed Jews not only as culturally and religiously distinct, but racially as well. In <i>The Feud of the Foreigner</i> (1920) he said that the Jew "is a foreigner far more remote from us than is a Bavarian from a Frenchman; he is divided by the same type of division as that between us and a Chinaman or a Hindoo. He not only is not, but never was, of the same race".<sup id="cite_ref-Mayers85-7_79-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mayers85-7-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <i>The Everlasting Man</i>, while writing about <a href="/wiki/Human_sacrifice" title="Human sacrifice">human sacrifice</a>, Chesterton suggested that medieval stories about <a href="/wiki/Blood_libel" title="Blood libel">Jews killing children</a> might have resulted from a distortion of genuine cases of devil worship. Chesterton wrote: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>[T]he Hebrew prophets were perpetually protesting against the Hebrew race relapsing into an idolatry that involved such a war upon children; and it is probable enough that this abominable apostasy from the God of Israel has occasionally appeared in Israel since, in the form of what is called ritual murder; not of course by any representative of the religion of Judaism, but by individual and irresponsible diabolists who did happen to be Jews.<sup id="cite_ref-Mayers85-7_79-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mayers85-7-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Everlasting_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Everlasting-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Dale_Ahlquist#Gilbert:_The_Magazine_of_the_American_Chesterton_Society" title="Dale Ahlquist">American Chesterton Society</a> has devoted a whole issue of its magazine, <i>Gilbert</i>, to defending Chesterton against charges of antisemitism.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Likewise, Ann Farmer, author of <i>Chesterton and the Jews: Friend, Critic, Defender</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> writes, "Public figures from <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> to <a href="/wiki/H._G._Wells" title="H. G. Wells">Wells</a> proposed remedies for the '<a href="/wiki/Jewish_problem" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish problem">Jewish problem</a>' – the seemingly endless cycle of anti-Jewish persecution – all shaped by their worldviews. As patriots, Churchill and Chesterton embraced Zionism; both were among the first to defend the Jews from Nazism", concluding that "A defender of Jews in his youth – a conciliator as well as a defender – GKC returned to the defence when the Jewish people needed it most."<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opposition_to_eugenics">Opposition to eugenics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Opposition to eugenics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Human_enhancement" title="Human enhancement">Human enhancement</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Manhattan,_N.Y.C._1997_51.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statue of Prometheus gifting mankind fire"><img alt="Statue of Prometheus gifting mankind fire" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Manhattan%2C_N.Y.C._1997_51.jpg/175px-Manhattan%2C_N.Y.C._1997_51.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Manhattan%2C_N.Y.C._1997_51.jpg/263px-Manhattan%2C_N.Y.C._1997_51.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Manhattan%2C_N.Y.C._1997_51.jpg/350px-Manhattan%2C_N.Y.C._1997_51.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1057" data-file-height="701" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #85AFBB; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Advocacy</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><b>Rationale</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pantropy" title="Pantropy"><i>Adaptionist</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Savulescu#Procreative_beneficence" title="Julian Savulescu">"Beneficient"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morphological_freedom" title="Morphological freedom">Emancipatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_mismatch" title="Evolutionary mismatch">Compensatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transhumanist_politics#Democratic_transhumanism" title="Transhumanist politics">Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directed_evolution_(transhumanism)" title="Directed evolution (transhumanism)">"Directive"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transhumanist_politics#Libertarian_transhumanism" title="Transhumanist politics">Libertarian</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Stefan_Lorenz_Sorgner#Nietzsche,_posthumanism_and_transhumanism" title="Stefan Lorenz Sorgner">Metahumanistic</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posthumanism" title="Posthumanism">Posthumanistic</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Jason_Jorjani#The_Prometheist_Manifesto" title="Jason Jorjani">Prometheist</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dysgenics" title="Dysgenics">Preventative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transhumanism" title="Transhumanism">Transhumanistic</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Paradigm</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biohappiness" title="Biohappiness">Biohappiness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyborgs" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyborgs">Cyborgs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_eugenics" title="New eugenics">Eugenics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_amplification" title="Intelligence amplification">Intelligence amplification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_enhancement" title="Moral enhancement">Moral enhancement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosthesis#Prosthetic_enhancement" title="Prosthesis">Prostheses</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #85AFBB; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)"><span style="font-size:85%;">(<i>De facto</i>)</span> germline interventions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cloning" title="Cloning"><i>Selective</i> Cloning</a></li> <li>Counseling <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_counseling" title="Genetic counseling">Genetic </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genomic_counseling" title="Genomic counseling">Genomic </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-conception_counseling" title="Pre-conception counseling">Pre-conception</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_genetic_enhancement" title="Human genetic enhancement">Genetic enhancement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_engineering" title="Genetic engineering">Genetic engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epigenome_editing" title="Epigenome editing">Epigenome editing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preimplantation_genetic_diagnosis" title="Preimplantation genetic diagnosis">PGD</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embryo_quality" title="Embryo quality">Embryo quality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oocyte_selection" title="Oocyte selection">Oocyte selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygenic_score" title="Polygenic score">Polygenic (risk) score</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(technical article)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prenatal_testing" title="Prenatal testing">Prenatal testing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion"><i>Selective</i> abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_selection" title="Sex selection">Sex selection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sperm_sorting" title="Sperm sorting">Sperm sorting</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Repository_for_Germinal_Choice" title="Repository for Germinal Choice">"Nobelist sperm banks"</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #85AFBB; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Somatic interventions</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Body_hacking" title="Body hacking">Body hacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somatic_gene_therapy" class="mw-redirect" title="Somatic gene therapy">Somatic gene therapy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gene_therapy_for_color_blindness" title="Gene therapy for color blindness">for color blindness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene_doping" title="Gene doping">in sports doping</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stem-cell_therapy" title="Stem-cell therapy">Stem-cell therapy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embryonic_stem_cell#Utilizations" title="Embryonic stem cell">Embryonic cells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fetal_tissue_implant" title="Fetal tissue implant">Fetal tissue implant</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Performance-enhancing_substances" class="mw-redirect" title="Performance-enhancing substances">Chemical</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stimulants" class="mw-redirect" title="Stimulants">Stimulants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphetamine" title="Amphetamine">Amphetamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methamphetamine" title="Methamphetamine">Methamphetamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Ritalin">Ritalin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nootropics" class="mw-redirect" title="Nootropics">Nootropics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Modafinil" title="Modafinil">Modafinil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piracetam" title="Piracetam">Piracetam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xanthine" title="Xanthine">Xanthine derivatives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caffeine" title="Caffeine">Caffeine</a></li></ul></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Neuroenhancement" title="Neuroenhancement">Neurological</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brain_implant" title="Brain implant">Brain implant</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brain%E2%80%93computer_interface" title="Brain–computer interface">Brain–computer interface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_brain_stimulation#Other_clinical_applications" title="Deep brain stimulation">Deep brain stimulation</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Man-Computer_Symbiosis" title="Man-Computer Symbiosis">Man-Computer Symbiosis</a>" <span style="font-size:85%;">(1960)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neuralink" title="Neuralink">Neuralink</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neurohacking" title="Neurohacking">Neurohacking</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #85AFBB; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Opposition</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appeal_to_nature" title="Appeal to nature">Appeal to nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bioconservatism" title="Bioconservatism">Bioconservatism</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Brave_New_World#Common_misunderstandings" title="Brave New World"><i>Brave New World</i> Argument</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G.K._Chesterton#Opposition_to_eugenics" class="mw-redirect" title="G.K. Chesterton">Chesterton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Fukuyama#Other_works" title="Francis Fukuyama">Francis Fukuyama</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Our_Posthuman_Future" title="Our Posthuman Future">Our Posthuman Future</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2002)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethics_of_cloning" title="Ethics of cloning">Cloning prohibition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Kass" title="Leon Kass">Leon Kass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stem_cell_controversy" title="Stem cell controversy">Stem cell controversy</a></li></ul></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Designer_baby" title="Designer baby">Designer baby</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Frankenstein%27s_monster" title="Frankenstein's monster">Frankenstein's monster</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Jiankui_affair" title="He Jiankui affair">He Jiankui affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hwang_affair" title="Hwang affair">Hwang affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_extension#Ethics_and_politics" title="Life extension">Against life extension</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Immortality#Undesirability" title="Immortality">Undesirability of immortality</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolas_Kompridis" title="Nikolas Kompridis">Nikolas Kompridis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C.S._Lewis" class="mw-redirect" title="C.S. Lewis">C.S. Lewis</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Abolition_of_Man" title="The Abolition of Man">The Abolition of Man</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1943)</span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/That_Hideous_Strength" title="That Hideous Strength">That Hideous Strength</a></i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1945)</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playing_God_(ethics)" title="Playing God (ethics)">"Playing God"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_response_to_assisted_reproductive_technology" title="Religious response to assisted reproductive technology">Religious response to <i>ART</i>s</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Wisdom_of_repugnance" title="Wisdom of repugnance">Wisdom of repugnance</a>"</li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #85AFBB; text-align:center;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assisted_reproductive_technology" title="Assisted reproductive technology"><i>ART</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_womb" title="Artificial womb"><i>Exo</i>wombs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gametogenesis#In_vitro_gametogenesis" title="Gametogenesis"><i>IVG</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augmented_learning" title="Augmented learning">Augmented learning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_ecology" title="Deep ecology">Deep ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_dysfunction#Treatment" title="Executive dysfunction">Treating executive dysfunction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Huxley#Secular_humanism" title="Julian Huxley"><i>Evolutionary humanism</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longevity" title="Longevity">Longevity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-aging_movement" title="Anti-aging movement">Anti-aging movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_extension" title="Life extension">Life extension</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rejuvenation" title="Rejuvenation">Rejuvenation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_blood_transfusion" title="Young blood transfusion">Young blood transfusion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalism" title="Natalism">Natalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natura_naturans" class="mw-redirect" title="Natura naturans">Natura naturans</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_and_Promethean_man" title="Pontifical and Promethean man">Pontifical and Promethean man</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_medicine#Demarcating_therapy" title="Philosophy of medicine">Collapse of the therapy-enhancement divide</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Promethean_gap" title="Promethean gap">Promethean gap</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technophobia" title="Technophobia">Technophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_medicine#Demarcating_therapy" title="Philosophy of medicine">Therapy-enhancement distinction</a></li></ul> </div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Human_enhancement_sidebar" title="Template:Human enhancement sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Human_enhancement_sidebar" title="Template talk:Human enhancement sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Human_enhancement_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Human enhancement sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In <i>Eugenics and Other Evils</i>, Chesterton attacked <a href="/wiki/Eugenics" title="Eugenics">eugenics</a> as Parliament was moving towards passage of the <a href="/wiki/Mental_Deficiency_Act_1913" title="Mental Deficiency Act 1913">Mental Deficiency Act 1913</a>. Some backing the ideas of eugenics called for the government to sterilise people deemed "mentally defective"; this view did not gain popularity but the idea of segregating them from the rest of society and thereby preventing them from reproducing did gain traction. These ideas disgusted Chesterton who wrote, "It is not only openly said, it is eagerly urged that the aim of the measure is to prevent any person whom these propagandists do not happen to think intelligent from having any wife or children."<sup id="cite_ref-Eugenics_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eugenics-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He condemned the proposed wording for such measures as being so vague as to apply to anyone, including "Every tramp who is sulk, every labourer who is shy, every rustic who is eccentric, can quite easily be brought under such conditions as were designed for homicidal maniacs. That is the situation; and that is the point<span class="nowrap"> </span>... we are already under the Eugenist State; and nothing remains to us but rebellion."<sup id="cite_ref-Eugenics_95-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eugenics-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He derided such ideas as founded on nonsense, "as if one had a right to dragoon and enslave one's fellow citizens as a kind of chemical experiment".<sup id="cite_ref-Eugenics_95-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eugenics-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chesterton mocked the idea that poverty was a result of bad breeding: "[it is a] strange new disposition to regard the poor as a race; as if they were a colony of Japs or Chinese coolies<span class="nowrap"> </span>... The poor are not a race or even a type. It is senseless to talk about breeding them; for they are not a breed. They are, in cold fact, what Dickens describes: 'a dustbin of individual accidents,' of damaged dignity, and often of damaged gentility."<sup id="cite_ref-Eugenics_95-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eugenics-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chesterton's_fence"><span id="Chesterton.27s_fence"></span>Chesterton's fence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Chesterton's fence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"Chesterton's fence" is the principle that reforms should not be made until the reasoning behind the existing state of affairs is understood. The quotation is from Chesterton's 1929 book, <i>The Thing: Why I Am a Catholic</i>, in the chapter, "The Drift from Domesticity": </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>In the matter of reforming things, as distinct from deforming them, there is one plain and simple principle; a principle which will probably be called a paradox. There exists in such a case a certain institution or law; let us say, for the sake of simplicity, a fence or gate erected across a road. The more modern type of reformer goes gaily up to it and says, "I don't see the use of this; let us clear it away." To which the more intelligent type of reformer will do well to answer: "If you don't see the use of it, I certainly won't let you clear it away. Go away and think. Then, when you can come back and tell me that you do see the use of it, I may allow you to destroy it."<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distributism">Distributism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Distributism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Three_acres_and_a_cow.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Three_acres_and_a_cow.JPG/170px-Three_acres_and_a_cow.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Three_acres_and_a_cow.JPG/255px-Three_acres_and_a_cow.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c0/Three_acres_and_a_cow.JPG 2x" data-file-width="291" data-file-height="447" /></a><figcaption>Self-portrait based on the <a href="/wiki/Distributism" title="Distributism">distributist</a> slogan "<a href="/wiki/Three_acres_and_a_cow" title="Three acres and a cow">Three acres and a cow</a>"</figcaption></figure> <p>Inspired by <a href="/wiki/Leo_XIII" class="mw-redirect" title="Leo XIII">Leo XIII's</a> encyclical <i><a href="/wiki/Rerum_novarum" title="Rerum novarum">Rerum novarum</a></i>, Chesterton's brother <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Chesterton" title="Cecil Chesterton">Cecil</a> and his friend, <a href="/wiki/Hilaire_Belloc" title="Hilaire Belloc">Hilaire Belloc</a> were instrumental in developing the economic philosophy of <a href="/wiki/Distributism" title="Distributism">distributism</a>, a word Belloc coined. Gilbert embraced their views and, particularly after Cecil's death in World War I, became one of the foremost distributists and the newspaper whose care he inherited from Cecil, which ultimately came to be named <i><a href="/wiki/G._K.%27s_Weekly" title="G. K.'s Weekly">G. K.'s Weekly</a></i>, became its most consistent advocate. Distributism stands as a third way, against both unrestrained capitalism, and socialism, advocating a wide distribution of both property and political power. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scottish_and_Irish_nationalism">Scottish and Irish nationalism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Scottish and Irish nationalism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite his opposition to Nazism, Chesterton was not an opponent of nationalism in general and gave a degree of support to <a href="/wiki/Scottish_nationalism" title="Scottish nationalism">Scottish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">Irish nationalism</a>. He endorsed <a href="/wiki/Cunninghame_Graham" title="Cunninghame Graham">Cunninghame Graham</a> and <a href="/wiki/Compton_Mackenzie" title="Compton Mackenzie">Compton Mackenzie</a> for the post of <a href="/wiki/Lord_Rector_of_Glasgow_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Rector of Glasgow University">Lord Rector of Glasgow University</a> in 1928 and 1931 respectively and praised Scottish Catholics as "patriots" in contrast to Anglophile Protestants such as <a href="/wiki/John_Knox" title="John Knox">John Knox</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chesterton was also a supporter of the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Home_Rule_movement" title="Irish Home Rule movement">Irish Home Rule movement</a> and maintained friendships with members of the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Parliamentary_Party" title="Irish Parliamentary Party">Irish Parliamentary Party</a>. This was in part due to his belief that <a href="/wiki/Irish_Catholics" title="Irish Catholics">Irish Catholics</a> had a naturally distributist outlook on property ownership.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>James Parker, in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic">The Atlantic</a></i>, gave a modern appraisal: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>In his vastness and mobility, Chesterton continues to elude definition: He was a Catholic convert and an oracular man of letters, a pneumatic cultural presence, an aphorist with the production rate of a pulp novelist. Poetry, criticism, fiction, biography, columns, public debate...Chesterton was a journalist; he was a metaphysician. He was a reactionary; he was a radical. He was a modernist, acutely alive to the rupture in consciousness that produced Eliot's "The Hollow Men"; he was an anti-modernist...a parochial Englishman and a post-Victorian gasbag; he was a mystic wedded to eternity. All of these cheerfully contradictory things are true...for the final, resolving fact that he was a genius. Touched once by the live wire of his thought, you don't forget it<span class="nowrap"> </span>... His prose ... [is] supremely entertaining, the stately outlines of an older, heavier rhetoric punctually convulsed by what he once called (in reference to the Book of Job) "earthquake irony". He fulminates wittily; he cracks jokes like thunder. His message, a steady illumination beaming and clanging through every lens and facet of his creativity, was really very straightforward: get on your knees, modern man, and praise God.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Possible_sainthood">Possible sainthood</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Possible sainthood"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Northampton" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Northampton">Bishop Emeritus of Northampton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Doyle_(bishop)" title="Peter Doyle (bishop)">Peter Doyle</a>, in 2012 had opened a preliminary investigation into possibly launching a cause for <a href="/wiki/Beatification" title="Beatification">beatification</a> and then <a href="/wiki/Canonization" title="Canonization">canonization</a> (for possible sainthood). but eventually decided not to open the cause. The current Bishop of Northampton, <a href="/wiki/David_Oakley_(bishop)" title="David Oakley (bishop)">David Oakley</a>, has agreed to preach at a Mass during a Chesterton pilgrimage in England (the route goes through London and Beaconsfield, which are both connected to his life), and some have speculated he may be more favourable to the idea. If the cause is actually opened at the diocesan level (the Vatican must also give approval, that nothing stands in the way – the "<i><a href="/wiki/Nihil_obstat" title="Nihil obstat">nihil obstat</a></i>"), then he could be given the title "<a href="/wiki/Servant_of_God" title="Servant of God">Servant of God</a>". It is not known if his alleged anti-Semitism (which would be considered a serious matter by the Church if it is true) may have played a role. His life and writings and views and what he did for others would be closely examined, in any case.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literary">Literary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Literary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chesterton's socio-economic system of Distributism affected the sculptor <a href="/wiki/Eric_Gill" title="Eric Gill">Eric Gill</a>, who established a commune of Catholic artists at <a href="/wiki/Ditchling" title="Ditchling">Ditchling</a> in Sussex. The Ditchling group developed a journal called <i>The Game</i>, in which they expressed many Chestertonian principles, particularly anti-industrialism and an advocacy of religious family life.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> His novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Was_Thursday" title="The Man Who Was Thursday">The Man Who Was Thursday</a></i> inspired the Irish Republican leader <a href="/wiki/Michael_Collins_(Irish_leader)" title="Michael Collins (Irish leader)">Michael Collins</a> with the idea that "If you didn't seem to be hiding nobody hunted you out."<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Collins's favourite work of Chesterton was <i><a href="/wiki/The_Napoleon_of_Notting_Hill" title="The Napoleon of Notting Hill">The Napoleon of Notting Hill</a></i>, and he was "almost fanatically attached to it", according to his friend <a href="/wiki/William_Darling_(politician)" title="William Darling (politician)">Sir William Darling</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:1909_Sep_18_gk_chesterton002.jpg" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Page:1909 Sep 18 gk chesterton002.jpg">column</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Illustrated_London_News" title="The Illustrated London News">The Illustrated London News</a></i> on 18 September 1909 had a profound effect on <a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/P._N._Furbank" title="P. N. Furbank">P. N. Furbank</a> asserts that Gandhi was "thunderstruck" when he read it,<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while Martin Green notes that "Gandhi was so delighted with this that he told <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_Opinion" title="Indian Opinion">Indian Opinion</a></i> to reprint it".<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another convert was Canadian media theorist <a href="/wiki/Marshall_McLuhan" title="Marshall McLuhan">Marshall McLuhan</a>, who said that the book <i>What's Wrong with the World</i> (1910) changed his life in terms of ideas and religion.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The author <a href="/wiki/Neil_Gaiman" title="Neil Gaiman">Neil Gaiman</a> stated that he grew up reading Chesterton in his school's library, and that <i>The Napoleon of Notting Hill</i> influenced his own book <i><a href="/wiki/Neverwhere" title="Neverwhere">Neverwhere</a></i>. Gaiman based the character <a href="/wiki/List_of_The_Sandman_characters#Fiddler's_Green" title="List of The Sandman characters">Gilbert</a> from the comic book <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sandman_(comic_book)" title="The Sandman (comic book)">The Sandman</a></i> on Chesterton,<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i><a href="/wiki/Good_Omens" title="Good Omens">Good Omens</a></i>, the novel Gaiman co-wrote with <a href="/wiki/Terry_Pratchett" title="Terry Pratchett">Terry Pratchett</a>, is dedicated to Chesterton. The Argentine author and essayist <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Luis_Borges" title="Jorge Luis Borges">Jorge Luis Borges</a> cited Chesterton as influential on his fiction, telling interviewer <a href="/wiki/Richard_Burgin_(writer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Burgin (writer)">Richard Burgin</a> that "Chesterton knew how to make the most of a detective story".<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education">Education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chesterton's many references to education and human formation have inspired a variety of educators including the 69 schools of the Chesterton Schools Network,<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which includes the <a href="/wiki/Chesterton_Academy" title="Chesterton Academy">Chesterton Academy</a> founded by <a href="/wiki/Dale_Ahlquist" title="Dale Ahlquist">Dale Ahlquist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Italian Scuola Libera G. K. Chesterton in San Benedetto del Tronto, Marche.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The publisher and educator <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Perrin" title="Christopher Perrin">Christopher Perrin</a> (who completed his doctoral work on Chesterton) makes frequent reference to Chesterton in his work with <a href="/wiki/Classical_education_movement" title="Classical education movement">classical schools</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Namesakes">Namesakes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Namesakes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1974, <a href="/wiki/Ian_Boyd_(academic)" title="Ian Boyd (academic)">Ian Boyd</a>, founded <i><a href="/wiki/The_Chesterton_Review" title="The Chesterton Review">The Chesterton Review</a></i>, a scholarly journal devoted to Chesterton and his circle. The journal is published by the G. K. Chesterton Institute for Faith and Culture based in Seton Hall University, South Orange, New Jersey.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1996, <a href="/wiki/Dale_Ahlquist" title="Dale Ahlquist">Dale Ahlquist</a> founded the American Chesterton Society to explore and promote Chesterton's writings.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, a <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> high school, <a href="/wiki/Chesterton_Academy" title="Chesterton Academy">Chesterton Academy</a>, opened in the <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a> area. In the same year Scuola Libera Chesterton opened in <a href="/wiki/San_Benedetto_del_Tronto" title="San Benedetto del Tronto">San Benedetto del Tronto</a>, Italy.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2012, a crater on the planet <a href="/wiki/Mercury_(planet)" title="Mercury (planet)">Mercury</a> was named Chesterton after the author.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, G. K. Chesterton Academy of Chicago, a <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> high school, opened in <a href="/wiki/Highland_Park,_Illinois" title="Highland Park, Illinois">Highland Park, Illinois</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A fictionalised G. K. Chesterton is the central character in the <i>Young Chesterton Chronicles</i>, a series of <a href="/wiki/Young_adult_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Young adult fiction">young adult</a> adventure novels by John McNichol,<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in the <i>G K Chesterton Mystery series</i>, a series of detective novels by the Australian author <a href="/wiki/Kel_Richards" title="Kel Richards">Kel Richards</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another fictional character named Gil Chesterton is a food and wine critic who works for KACL, the Seattle radio station featured in the American television series <i><a href="/wiki/Frasier" title="Frasier">Frasier</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Major_works">Major works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Major works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/G._K._Chesterton_bibliography" title="G. K. Chesterton bibliography">G. K. Chesterton bibliography</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Library resources</a> about <br /> <b>G. K. Chesterton</b> <hr /></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=viaf&su=14767719&library=OLBP">Online books</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=viaf&su=14767719">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?st=viaf&su=14767719&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li> </ul></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><b>By G. K. Chesterton</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?at=viaf&au=14767719&library=OLBP">Online books</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?at=viaf&au=14767719">Resources in your library</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://ftl.toolforge.org/cgi-bin/ftl?at=viaf&au=14767719&library=0CHOOSE0">Resources in other libraries</a></li></ul> </div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Books">Books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation cs2">Chesterton, Gilbert Keith (1904), Ward, M. (ed.), <a href="/wiki/The_Napoleon_of_Notting_Hill" title="The Napoleon of Notting Hill"><i>The Napoleon of Notting Hill</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Napoleon+of+Notting+Hill&rft.date=1904&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (1903), <i>Robert Browning</i>, <a href="/wiki/Macmillan_Publishers" title="Macmillan Publishers">Macmillan</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Robert+Browning&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1903&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChesterton1905" class="citation cs2">——— (1905), <a href="/wiki/Heretics_(book)" title="Heretics (book)"><i>Heretics</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Lane_(publisher)" title="John Lane (publisher)">John Lane</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Heretics&rft.pub=John+Lane&rft.date=1905&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (1906), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/charlesdickenscr01ches/charlesdickenscr01ches_djvu.txt"><i>Charles Dickens: A Critical Study</i></a>, Dodd, Mead & Co., p. 299</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Charles+Dickens%3A+A+Critical+Study&rft.pages=299&rft.pub=Dodd%2C+Mead+%26+Co.&rft.date=1906&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fcharlesdickenscr01ches%2Fcharlesdickenscr01ches_djvu.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (1908a), <a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Was_Thursday" title="The Man Who Was Thursday"><i>The Man Who Was Thursday</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Man+Who+Was+Thursday&rft.date=1908&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChesterton1908b" class="citation cs2">——— (1908b), <a href="/wiki/Orthodoxy_(book)" title="Orthodoxy (book)"><i>Orthodoxy</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Orthodoxy&rft.date=1908&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (1911a), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/204/204-h/204-h.htm"><i>The Innocence of Father Brown</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Innocence+of+Father+Brown&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gutenberg.org%2Ffiles%2F204%2F204-h%2F204-h.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (1911b), <a href="/wiki/The_Ballad_of_the_White_Horse" title="The Ballad of the White Horse"><i>The Ballad of the White Horse</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ballad+of+the+White+Horse&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (1912), <a href="/wiki/Manalive" title="Manalive"><i>Manalive</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manalive&rft.date=1912&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (1916), <i>The Crimes of England</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Crimes+of+England&rft.date=1916&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">———, <a href="/wiki/Father_Brown" title="Father Brown"><i>Father Brown</i></a> (short stories)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Father+Brown&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span> (detective fiction)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChesterton1920" class="citation cs2">——— (1920), Ward, M. (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170115201317/http://www.cse.dmu.ac.uk/~mward/gkc/books/New_Jerusalem.txt"><i>The New Jerusalem</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cse.dmu.ac.uk/~mward/gkc/books/New_Jerusalem.txt">the original</a> on 15 January 2017</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+Jerusalem&rft.date=1920&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cse.dmu.ac.uk%2F~mward%2Fgkc%2Fbooks%2FNew_Jerusalem.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (1922), <a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Knew_Too_Much_(book)" title="The Man Who Knew Too Much (book)"><i>The Man Who Knew Too Much</i></a>, Simon & Brown, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1731700563" title="Special:BookSources/1731700563"><bdi>1731700563</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Man+Who+Knew+Too+Much&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Brown&rft.date=1922&rft.isbn=1731700563&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (1922), <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Eugenics and other Evils"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Eugenics_and_other_Evils"><i>Eugenics and Other Evils</i> </a></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eugenics+and+Other+Evils&rft.date=1922&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (1923), <i>Saint Francis of Assisi</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Saint+Francis+of+Assisi&rft.date=1923&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (1925), <a href="/wiki/The_Everlasting_Man" title="The Everlasting Man"><i>The Everlasting Man</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Everlasting+Man&rft.date=1925&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (1925), <i>William Cobbett</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=William+Cobbett&rft.date=1925&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (1933), <i>Saint Thomas Aquinas</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Saint+Thomas+Aquinas&rft.date=1933&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (1935), <i>The Well and the Shallows</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Well+and+the+Shallows&rft.date=1935&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChesterton1936" class="citation cs2">——— (1936), <i>The Autobiography</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Autobiography&rft.date=1936&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (1950), Ward, M. (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170115201317/http://www.cse.dmu.ac.uk/~mward/gkc/books/Common_Man.txt"><i>The Common Man</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cse.dmu.ac.uk/~mward/gkc/books/Common_Man.txt">the original</a> on 15 January 2017</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Common+Man&rft.date=1950&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cse.dmu.ac.uk%2F~mward%2Fgkc%2Fbooks%2FCommon_Man.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Short_stories">Short stories</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Short stories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Trees_of_Pride">"The Trees of Pride"</a>, 1922</li> <li>"The Crime of the Communist", <i>Collier's Weekly</i>, July 1934.</li> <li>"The Three Horsemen", <i>Collier's Weekly</i>, April 1935.</li> <li>"The Ring of the Lovers", <i>Collier's Weekly</i>, April 1935.</li> <li>"A Tall Story", <i>Collier's Weekly</i>, April 1935.</li> <li>"The Angry Street – A Bad Dream", <i>Famous Fantastic Mysteries</i>, February 1947.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Plays">Plays</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Plays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Magic_(play)" title="Magic (play)">Magic</a></i>, 1913.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKer2003" class="citation book cs1">Ker, Ian (2003). <i>The Catholic Revival in English Literature (1845–1961): Newman, Hopkins, Belloc, Chesterton, Greene, Waugh</i>. University of Notre Dame Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Catholic+Revival+in+English+Literature+%281845%E2%80%931961%29%3A+Newman%2C+Hopkins%2C+Belloc%2C+Chesterton%2C+Greene%2C+Waugh&rft.pub=University+of+Notre+Dame+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Ker&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">"Obituary", <i><a href="/wiki/Variety_Obituaries" title="Variety Obituaries">Variety</a></i>, 17 June 1936</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Variety&rft.atitle=Obituary&rft.date=1936-06-17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Father_Brown_on_Chesterton-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Father_Brown_on_Chesterton_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Father_Brown_on_Chesterton_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Connor1937" class="citation book cs1">O'Connor, John (1937). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cse.dmu.ac.uk/~mward/gkc/Father_Brown_on_Chesterton.pdf"><i>Father Brown on Chesterton</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Frederick Muller Ltd. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130403054646/http://www.cse.dmu.ac.uk/~mward/gkc/Father_Brown_on_Chesterton.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 3 April 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Father+Brown+on+Chesterton&rft.pub=Frederick+Muller+Ltd.&rft.date=1937&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cse.dmu.ac.uk%2F~mward%2Fgkc%2FFather_Brown_on_Chesterton.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Time-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Time_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Time_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091120195520/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,774701-3,00.html">"Orthodoxologist"</a>, <i>Time</i>, 11 October 1943, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,774701-3,00.html">the original</a> on 20 November 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Orthodoxologist&rft.date=1943-10-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C774701-3%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDouglas1974-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDouglas1974_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDouglas1974">Douglas 1974</a>: "Like his friend <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Knox" title="Ronald Knox">Ronald Knox</a> he was both entertainer and Christian apologist. The world never fails to appreciate the combination when it is well done; even <a href="/wiki/Evangelicals" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelicals">evangelicals</a> sometimes give the impression of bestowing a waiver on deviations if a man is enough of a genius."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKer2011485-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer2011485_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKer2011">Ker 2011</a>, p. 485.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDouglas1974" class="citation journal cs1">Douglas, J. D. (24 May 1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2001/augustweb-only/8-27-52.0.html?paging=off#bmb=1">"G. K. Chesterton, the Eccentric Prince of Paradox"</a>. <i>Christianity Today</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141101102137/http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2001/augustweb-only/8-27-52.0.html?paging=off#bmb=1">Archived</a> from the original on 1 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Christianity+Today&rft.atitle=G.+K.+Chesterton%2C+the+Eccentric+Prince+of+Paradox&rft.date=1974-05-24&rft.aulast=Douglas&rft.aufirst=J.+D.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.christianitytoday.com%2Fct%2F2001%2Faugustweb-only%2F8-27-52.0.html%3Fpaging%3Doff%23bmb%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChesterton2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Chesterton, Gilbert Keith (2002). <i>Čovjek koji je previše znao</i> (in Croatian). Translated by Darko Mitin. Zlatar: Partenon. p. 134. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/953-6840-03-0" title="Special:BookSources/953-6840-03-0"><bdi>953-6840-03-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C4%8Covjek+koji+je+previ%C5%A1e+znao&rft.place=Zlatar&rft.pages=134&rft.pub=Partenon&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=953-6840-03-0&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBergonzi2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Bergonzi, Bernard (2004). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-32392">"Chesterton, Gilbert Keith [G. K. C.] (1874–1936), writer"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F32392">10.1093/ref:odnb/32392</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-861412-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-861412-8"><bdi>978-0-19-861412-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chesterton%2C+Gilbert+Keith+%26%2391%3BG.+K.+C.%26%2393%3B+%281874%E2%80%931936%29%2C+writer&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F32392&rft.isbn=978-0-19-861412-8&rft.aulast=Bergonzi&rft.aufirst=Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxforddnb.com%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F9780198614128.001.0001%2Fodnb-9780198614128-e-32392&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimkin" class="citation web cs1">Simkin, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://spartacus-educational.com/Jchesterton.htm">"G. K. Chesterton"</a>. <i>Spartacus Educational</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150204194659/http://spartacus-educational.com/Jchesterton.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 4 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Spartacus+Educational&rft.atitle=G.+K.+Chesterton&rft.aulast=Simkin&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspartacus-educational.com%2FJchesterton.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaushalter1912" class="citation cs2">Haushalter, Walter M. (1912), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/universitymagazi11mcgiuoft#page/232/mode/2up">"Gilbert Keith Chesterton"</a>, <i>The University Magazine</i>, vol. XI, p. 236 – via Internet Archive</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+University+Magazine&rft.atitle=Gilbert+Keith+Chesterton&rft.volume=XI&rft.pages=236&rft.date=1912&rft.aulast=Haushalter&rft.aufirst=Walter+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Funiversitymagazi11mcgiuoft%23page%2F232%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKer20111-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer20111_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKer2011">Ker 2011</a>, p. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKer201113-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer201113_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKer2011">Ker 2011</a>, p. 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1936[httpgutenbergnetauebooks131301201hhtmlch15_Chapter_IV]-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1936[httpgutenbergnetauebooks131301201hhtmlch15_Chapter_IV]_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChesterton1936">Chesterton 1936</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks13/1301201h.html#ch15">Chapter IV</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKer2011265–266-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer2011265–266_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKer2011">Ker 2011</a>, p. 265–266.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chestertonaustralia.com/downloads/conferences/chesterton_conference_papers_2018.pdf"><i>Chesterton and the child – A Collection of Papers presented at a conference of the Australian Chesterton Society on October 20, 2018, at Campion College Australia, Sydney</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Sydney, Australia: Australian Chesterton Society. 2018. p. 41. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190801202931/http://chestertonaustralia.com/downloads/conferences/chesterton_conference_papers_2018.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 1 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chesterton+and+the+child+%E2%80%93+A+Collection+of+Papers+presented+at+a+conference+of+the+Australian+Chesterton+Society+on+October+20%2C+2018%2C+at+Campion+College+Australia%2C+Sydney&rft.place=Sydney%2C+Australia&rft.pages=41&rft.pub=Australian+Chesterton+Society&rft.date=2018&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchestertonaustralia.com%2Fdownloads%2Fconferences%2Fchesterton_conference_papers_2018.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKer2011162–163-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer2011162–163_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKer2011">Ker 2011</a>, p. 162–163.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKer201141-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer201141_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer201141_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKer2011">Ker 2011</a>, p. 41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChesterton1911" class="citation cs2">Chesterton, G. K. (1911), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/fatherbrown00chesuoft#page/96/mode/2up">"The Flying Stars"</a>, <i>The Innocence of Father Brown</i>, London: Cassell & Company, Ltd., p. 118</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Flying+Stars&rft.btitle=The+Innocence+of+Father+Brown&rft.place=London&rft.pages=118&rft.pub=Cassell+%26+Company%2C+Ltd.&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=G.+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Ffatherbrown00chesuoft%23page%2F96%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>Do We agree? A Debate between G. K. Chesterton and Bernard Shaw, with Hilaire Belloc in the Chair</i>, London: C. Palmer, 1928</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Do+We+agree%3F+A+Debate+between+G.+K.+Chesterton+and+Bernard+Shaw%2C+with+Hilaire+Belloc+in+the+Chair&rft.place=London&rft.pub=C.+Palmer&rft.date=1928&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chesterton.org/clarence-darrow-debate/">"Clarence Darrow debate"</a>. American Chesterton Society. 30 April 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140521214716/http://www.chesterton.org/clarence-darrow-debate/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Clarence+Darrow+debate&rft.pub=American+Chesterton+Society&rft.date=2012-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chesterton.org%2Fclarence-darrow-debate%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140521214130/http://darrow.law.umn.edu/photo.php?pid=1062">"G. K. Chesterton January, 1915"</a>. <i>Clarence Darrow digital collection</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota_Law_School" title="University of Minnesota Law School">University of Minnesota Law School</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://darrow.law.umn.edu/photo.php?pid=1062">the original</a> on 21 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Clarence+Darrow+digital+collection&rft.atitle=G.+K.+Chesterton+January%2C+1915&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdarrow.law.umn.edu%2Fphoto.php%3Fpid%3D1062&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1936231–235-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1936231–235_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChesterton1936">Chesterton 1936</a>, pp. 231–235.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Programme, <i>The Trial of John Jasper for the Murder of Edwin Drood</i>, at King's Hall, Covent Garden, 7 January 1914. (A copy in a private collection, annotated by the original owner.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson1984" class="citation cs2">Wilson, A. N. (1984), <i>Hilaire Belloc</i>, London: Hamish Hamilton, p. 219</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hilaire+Belloc&rft.place=London&rft.pages=219&rft.pub=Hamish+Hamilton&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=A.+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCornelius" class="citation book cs1">Cornelius, Judson K. <i>Literary Humour</i>. Mumbai: St Paul's Books. p. 144. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7108-374-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7108-374-9"><bdi>978-81-7108-374-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Literary+Humour&rft.place=Mumbai&rft.pages=144&rft.pub=St+Paul%27s+Books&rft.isbn=978-81-7108-374-9&rft.aulast=Cornelius&rft.aufirst=Judson+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWodehouse1972" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/P._G._Wodehouse" title="P. G. Wodehouse">Wodehouse, P.G.</a> (1972), <i>The World of Mr. Mulliner</i>, Barrie and Jenkins, p. 172</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+of+Mr.+Mulliner&rft.pages=172&rft.pub=Barrie+and+Jenkins&rft.date=1972&rft.aulast=Wodehouse&rft.aufirst=P.G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWard1944chapter_XV-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWard1944chapter_XV_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWard1944">Ward 1944</a>, chapter XV.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1936Chapter_16-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1936Chapter_16_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChesterton1936">Chesterton 1936</a>, Chapter 16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKer2011675-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKer2011675_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKer2011">Ker 2011</a>, p. 675.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-catholicauthors-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-catholicauthors_31-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-catholicauthors_31-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholicauthors.com/chesterton.html">"Gilbert Keith Chesterton (1874–1936)"</a>. <i>Catholic Authors</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110511001442/http://www.catholicauthors.com/chesterton.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Chesterton as Theologian"</a>. In: <i>Ethical Addresses</i>. Philadelphia: The American Ethical Union, pp. 21–44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Caldecott, Stratford (1999). "Was G. K. Chesterton a Theologian?", <i>The Chesterton Review</i>. (Rep. by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catholiceducation.org/articles/religion/re0499.html"><i>CERC: Catholic Education Research Center</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130713051810/http://catholiceducation.org/articles/religion/re0499.html">Archived</a> 13 July 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhlquist2006" class="citation book cs1">Ahlquist, Dale (2006). <i>Common Sense 101: Lessons from G. K. Chesterton</i>. Ignatius Press. p. 286.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Common+Sense+101%3A+Lessons+from+G.+K.+Chesterton&rft.pages=286&rft.pub=Ignatius+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Ahlquist&rft.aufirst=Dale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Douglas, J. D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2001/augustweb-only/8-27-52.0.html">"G. K. Chesterton, the Eccentric Prince of Paradox"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160420091039/http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2001/augustweb-only/8-27-52.0.html">Archived</a> 20 April 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Christianity_Today" title="Christianity Today">Christianity Today</a></i>, 8 January 2001.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gray, Robert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/paradox-was-his-doxy/">"Paradox Was His Doxy"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130610150138/http://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/paradox-was-his-doxy/">Archived</a> 10 June 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>The American Conservative</i>, 23 March 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gilbert_Chesterton_by_T._S._Eliot-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gilbert_Chesterton_by_T._S._Eliot_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gilbert_Chesterton_by_T._S._Eliot_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEliot1936" class="citation journal cs1">Eliot, T. S. (20 June 1936). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reader.exacteditions.com/issues/72405/spread/1">"Gilbert Chesterton by T. S. Eliot"</a>. <i>The Tablet</i>. <b>167</b> (5015): 785. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801031249/https://reader.exacteditions.com/issues/72405/spread/1">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tablet&rft.atitle=Gilbert+Chesterton+by+T.+S.+Eliot&rft.volume=167&rft.issue=5015&rft.pages=785&rft.date=1936-06-20&rft.aulast=Eliot&rft.aufirst=T.+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freader.exacteditions.com%2Fissues%2F72405%2Fspread%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHasnes2022" class="citation book cs1">Hasnes, Geir (2022). <i>G. K. Chesterton. A Bibliography</i>. Kongsberg, Norway: Classica forlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-82-7610-013-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-82-7610-013-6"><bdi>978-82-7610-013-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=G.+K.+Chesterton.+A+Bibliography&rft.place=Kongsberg%2C+Norway&rft.pub=Classica+forlag&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=978-82-7610-013-6&rft.aulast=Hasnes&rft.aufirst=Geir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mccarthy, John P. (1982). "The Historical Vision of Chesterbelloc", <i>Modern Age</i>, Vol. XXVI, No. 2, pp. 175–182.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McInerny, Ralph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ignatiusinsight.com/features2006/rmcinerny_chesterbelloc_aug06.asp">"Chesterbelloc"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130429052646/http://www.ignatiusinsight.com/features2006/rmcinerny_chesterbelloc_aug06.asp">Archived</a> 29 April 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Catholic Dossier</i>, May/June 1998.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Shaw, George Bernard (1918). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dl.lib.brown.edu/pdfs/1140813740390342.pdf">"Belloc and Chesterton"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060911084540/http://dl.lib.brown.edu/pdfs/1140813740390342.pdf">Archived</a> 11 September 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>The New Age</i>, South Africa Vol. II, No. 16, pp. 309–311.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lynd, Robert (1919). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/cu31924026941678#page/n27/mode/2up">"Mr. G. K. Chesterton and Mr. Hilaire Belloc"</a>. In: <i>Old and New Masters</i>. London: T. Fisher Unwin Ltd., pp. 25–41.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McInerny, Ralph. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecatholicthing.org/columns/2008/the-chesterbelloc-thing.html">"The Chesterbelloc Thing"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121229110253/http://www.thecatholicthing.org/columns/2008/the-chesterbelloc-thing.html">Archived</a> 29 December 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>The Catholic Thing</i>, 30 September 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wells, H. G. (1908). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dl.lib.brown.edu/pdfs/1140813732859166.pdf">"About Chesterton and Belloc"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060911090920/http://dl.lib.brown.edu/pdfs/1140813732859166.pdf">Archived</a> 11 September 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>The New Age</i>, South Africa Vol. II, No. 11, pp. 209–210 (Rep. in <i>Social Forces in England and America</i>, 1914).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Belloc and the Distributists", <i>The American Review</i>, November 1933.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBelloc1940" class="citation book cs1">Belloc, Hilaire (1940). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gkc.org.uk/gkc/Belloc-essay.txt"><i>On the Place of Chesterton in English Letters</i></a>. London: Sheed & Ward. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200217124223/http://www.gkc.org.uk/gkc/Belloc-essay.txt">Archived</a> from the original on 17 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+the+Place+of+Chesterton+in+English+Letters&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Sheed+%26+Ward&rft.date=1940&rft.aulast=Belloc&rft.aufirst=Hilaire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gkc.org.uk%2Fgkc%2FBelloc-essay.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1905[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbookshereticsch7html_chapter_7]-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1905[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbookshereticsch7html_chapter_7]_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChesterton1905">Chesterton 1905</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170115201317/http://www.cse.dmu.ac.uk/~mward/gkc/books/heretics/ch7.html">chapter 7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://christianhistoryinstitute.org/magazine/article/chesterton-gallery-of-beloved-enemies">"Misguided Superman Fan: George Bernard Shaw (1856–1950)"</a>. <i>Christian History Institute</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Christian+History+Institute&rft.atitle=Misguided+Superman+Fan%3A+George+Bernard+Shaw+%281856%E2%80%931950%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchristianhistoryinstitute.org%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2Fchesterton-gallery-of-beloved-enemies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1905[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbookshereticsch4html_chapter_4]-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1905[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbookshereticsch4html_chapter_4]_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChesterton1905">Chesterton 1905</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170115201317/http://www.cse.dmu.ac.uk/~mward/gkc/books/heretics/ch4.html">chapter 4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1905[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbookshereticsch20html_chapter_20]-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1905[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbookshereticsch20html_chapter_20]_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChesterton1905">Chesterton 1905</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170115201317/http://www.cse.dmu.ac.uk/~mward/gkc/books/heretics/ch20.html">chapter 20</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vanauken, S., <i><a href="/wiki/A_Severe_Mercy" title="A Severe Mercy">A Severe Mercy</a></i> (New York: <a href="/wiki/Harper_(publisher)#Harper_&_Row_(1962–1990)" title="Harper (publisher)">Harper & Row</a>, 1977), p. 90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.discovery.org/cslewis/articles/writingspblcdmn/letters.php"><i>Letter to Sheldon Vanauken</i></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130303112207/http://www.discovery.org/cslewis/articles/writingspblcdmn/letters.php">Archived</a> 3 March 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> 14 December 1950.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLewis" class="citation cs2">Lewis, Clive Staples, <i>The Collected Letters</i>, vol. 2, p. 823</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Collected+Letters&rft.pages=823&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Clive+Staples&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>The Christian Century</i>, 6 June 1962</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Christian+Century&rft.date=1962-06-06&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2017</span> – via YouTube.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bruce+Dickinson%3A+Faith+And+Music+%281999%29&rft.date=2012-07-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dl4fYfLcKKPw%23t%3D521&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilson1987" class="citation cs2">Gilson, Etienne (1987), "Letter to Chesterton's editor", in Pieper, Josef (ed.), <i>Guide to Thomas Aquinas</i>, University of Notre Dame Press, pp. 6–7</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Letter+to+Chesterton%27s+editor&rft.btitle=Guide+to+Thomas+Aquinas&rft.pages=6-7&rft.pub=University+of+Notre+Dame+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Gilson&rft.aufirst=Etienne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sheen, Fulton J. (2008). <i>Treasure in Clay</i>. New York: Image Books/Doubleday, p. 79.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSheen" class="citation book cs1">Sheen, Fulton J. <i>God and Intelligence</i>. IVE Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=God+and+Intelligence&rft.pub=IVE+Press&rft.aulast=Sheen&rft.aufirst=Fulton+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhlquist2003" class="citation book cs1">Ahlquist, Dale (2003). <i>G. K. Chesterton: The Apostle of Common Sense</i>. San Francisco: Ignatius Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=G.+K.+Chesterton%3A+The+Apostle+of+Common+Sense&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pub=Ignatius+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Ahlquist&rft.aufirst=Dale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1908b[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbooksorthodoxych3html_chapter_3]-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1908b[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbooksorthodoxych3html_chapter_3]_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChesterton1908b">Chesterton 1908b</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170115201317/http://www.cse.dmu.ac.uk/~mward/gkc/books/orthodoxy/ch3.html">chapter 3</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolroyd1989" class="citation book cs1">Holroyd, Michael (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bernardshaw00holr/page/214"><i>Bernard Shaw Vol 2</i></a>. London: Chatto & Windus. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bernardshaw00holr/page/214">214</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0701133504" title="Special:BookSources/978-0701133504"><bdi>978-0701133504</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bernard+Shaw+Vol+2&rft.place=London&rft.pages=214&rft.pub=Chatto+%26+Windus&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0701133504&rft.aulast=Holroyd&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbernardshaw00holr%2Fpage%2F214&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFawcett2020" class="citation book cs1">Fawcett, Edmund (2020). <i>Conservatism: The Fight for a Tradition</i>. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 252. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-17410-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-17410-5"><bdi>978-0-691-17410-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Conservatism%3A+The+Fight+for+a+Tradition&rft.place=Princeton&rft.pages=252&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-0-691-17410-5&rft.aulast=Fawcett&rft.aufirst=Edmund&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKirk2019" class="citation book cs1">Kirk, Russell (2019). <i>Russell Kirk's Concise Guide to Conservatism</i>. Washington: Regnery Publishing. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62157-878-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62157-878-9"><bdi>978-1-62157-878-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Russell+Kirk%27s+Concise+Guide+to+Conservatism&rft.place=Washington&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Regnery+Publishing&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-1-62157-878-9&rft.aulast=Kirk&rft.aufirst=Russell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton2020" class="citation cs2">Hamilton, Andy (2020), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/spr2020/entries/conservatism/">"Conservatism"</a>, in Zalta, Edward (ed.), <i>The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</i>, Metaphysics Research Lab: Stanford University<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Conservatism&rft.btitle=The+Stanford+Encyclopedia+of+Philosophy&rft.pub=Metaphysics+Research+Lab%3A+Stanford+University&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplato.stanford.edu%2Farchives%2Fspr2020%2Fentries%2Fconservatism%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhlquist2021" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Dale_Ahlquist" title="Dale Ahlquist">Ahlquist, Dale</a> (March 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chroniclesmagazine.org/remembering-the-right/remembering-g-k-chesterton/">"Remembering G. K. Chesterton"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chronicles_(magazine)" title="Chronicles (magazine)">Chronicles</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chronicles&rft.atitle=Remembering+G.+K.+Chesterton&rft.date=2021-03&rft.aulast=Ahlquist&rft.aufirst=Dale&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchroniclesmagazine.org%2Fremembering-the-right%2Fremembering-g-k-chesterton%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFfinch1986" class="citation book cs1">Ffinch, Michael (1986). <i>G. K. Chesterton: A Biography</i>. 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London: Cassell and Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Barbarism+of+Berlin&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Cassell+and+Company&rft.date=1914&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChesterton1915" class="citation book cs1">Chesterton, Gilbert Keith (1915). <i>The Crimes of England</i>. London: C. Palmer & Hayward.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Crimes+of+England&rft.place=London&rft.pub=C.+Palmer+%26+Hayward&rft.date=1915&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chesterton, G. K. (1920) <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Jerusalem_(Chesterton_book)" title="The New Jerusalem (Chesterton book)">The New Jerusalem</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Hodder_and_Stoughton" class="mw-redirect" title="Hodder and Stoughton">Hodder and Stoughton</a>, chapter 13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,12084,1455054,00.html">"Last orders"</a>, <i>The Guardian</i>, 9 April 2005, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060827153802/http://books.guardian.co.uk/review/story/0,12084,1455054,00.html">archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2006</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Last+orders&rft.date=2005-04-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.guardian.co.uk%2Freview%2Fstory%2F0%2C12084%2C1455054%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chesterton, Gilbert. <i>G. K. Chesterton to the Editor</i>. The Nation, 18 March 1911.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mayers85-7-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Mayers85-7_79-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mayers85-7_79-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mayers85-7_79-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mayers85-7_79-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mayers85-7_79-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mayers85-7_79-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Mayers85-7_79-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMayers2013" class="citation book cs1">Mayers, Simon (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pbmWBAAAQBAJ&q=Chesterton%E2%80%99s%20Jews%3A%20Stereotypes%20and%20Caricatures%20in%20the%20Literature%20and%20Journalism%20of%20G.K.%20Chesterton&pg=PA85"><i>Chesterton's Jews: Stereotypes and Caricatures in the Literature and Journalism of G. K. Chesterton</i></a>. Simon Mayers. pp. 85–87. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781490392462" title="Special:BookSources/9781490392462"><bdi>9781490392462</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210529050436/https://books.google.com/books?id=pbmWBAAAQBAJ&q=Chesterton%E2%80%99s+Jews%3A+Stereotypes+and+Caricatures+in+the+Literature+and+Journalism+of+G.K.+Chesterton&pg=PA85">Archived</a> from the original on 29 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 51. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1448205547" title="Special:BookSources/978-1448205547"><bdi>978-1448205547</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801230903/https://books.google.com/books?id=_JKMamWMSbAC&pg=PT51">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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University of California Press. p. 155. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780520227194" title="Special:BookSources/9780520227194"><bdi>9780520227194</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801232133/https://books.google.com/books?id=SMOQkrUtqkwC&pg=PA155">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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K. (1917), <i>A Short History of England</i>, Chatto and Windus, pp. 108–109</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Short+History+of+England&rft.pages=108-109&rft.pub=Chatto+and+Windus&rft.date=1917&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=G.+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1920[httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbooksNew_Jerusalemtxt_Chapter_13]-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1920[httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbooksNew_Jerusalemtxt_Chapter_13]_85-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChesterton1920">Chesterton 1920</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cse.dmu.ac.uk/~mward/gkc/books/New_Jerusalem.txt">Chapter 13</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChesterton1920[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbooksNew_Jerusalemtxt_Chapter_13]-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1920[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbooksNew_Jerusalemtxt_Chapter_13]_86-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChesterton1920[httpswebarchiveorgweb20170115201317httpwwwcsedmuacuk~mwardgkcbooksNew_Jerusalemtxt_Chapter_13]_86-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChesterton1920">Chesterton 1920</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170115201317/http://www.cse.dmu.ac.uk/~mward/gkc/books/New_Jerusalem.txt">Chapter 13</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pearce2005-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pearce2005_87-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPearce2005" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Pearce" title="Joseph Pearce">Pearce, Joseph</a> (2005). <i>Literary Giants, Literary Catholics</i>. San Francisco: Ignatius Press. p. 95. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58617-077-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58617-077-6"><bdi>978-1-58617-077-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Literary+Giants%2C+Literary+Catholics&rft.place=San+Francisco&rft.pages=95&rft.pub=Ignatius+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-58617-077-6&rft.aulast=Pearce&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWard1944[httpsarchiveorgstreamgilbertkeithches001579mbppagen301mode2up_p._265]-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWard1944[httpsarchiveorgstreamgilbertkeithches001579mbppagen301mode2up_p._265]_88-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWard1944">Ward 1944</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/gilbertkeithches001579mbp#page/n301/mode/2up">p. 265</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XsWrlo7P-5cC&lpg=PA593"><i>The Collected Works of G. K. Chesterton</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801224645/https://books.google.com/books?id=XsWrlo7P-5cC&lpg=PA593">Archived</a> 1 August 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Volume 5, Ignatius Press, 1987, page 593</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Everlasting-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Everlasting_90-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChesterton2007" class="citation book cs1">Chesterton, G. K. (2007). <i>The Everlasting Man</i>. Mineola, NY: Dover publications. p. 117.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Everlasting+Man&rft.place=Mineola%2C+NY&rft.pages=117&rft.pub=Dover+publications&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=G.+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chesterton.org/was-chesterton-antisemitic/">"Was G. K. Chesterton Anti-Semitic?"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140429110816/http://www.chesterton.org/was-chesterton-antisemitic/">Archived</a> 29 April 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> by Dale Ahlquist.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ann Farmer, <i>Chesterton and the Jews: Friend, Critic, Defender</i> (Angelico Press, 2015)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhlquist" class="citation web cs1">Ahlquist, Dale. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210410180424/https://www.catholicworldreport.com/2015/07/27/defending-the-defender-of-the-jews/">"Defending the Defender of the Jews"</a>. <i>www.catholicworldreport.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicworldreport.com/2015/07/27/defending-the-defender-of-the-jews/">the original</a> on 10 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.catholicworldreport.com&rft.atitle=Defending+the+Defender+of+the+Jews&rft.aulast=Ahlquist&rft.aufirst=Dale&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicworldreport.com%2F2015%2F07%2F27%2Fdefending-the-defender-of-the-jews%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200801013420/https://catholicherald.co.uk/the-debate-was-chesterton-an-anti-semite/">"The debate: Was Chesterton an anti-Semite?"</a>. 28 August 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catholicherald.co.uk/the-debate-was-chesterton-an-anti-semite/">the original</a> on 1 August 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+debate%3A+Was+Chesterton+an+anti-Semite%3F&rft.date=2019-08-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcatholicherald.co.uk%2Fthe-debate-was-chesterton-an-anti-semite%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eugenics-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Eugenics_95-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Eugenics_95-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Eugenics_95-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Eugenics_95-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChesterton1922" class="citation book cs1">Chesterton, Gilbert Keith (1922). <i>Eugenics and Other Evils</i>. London, UK: Cassell and Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eugenics+and+Other+Evils&rft.place=London%2C+UK&rft.pub=Cassell+and+Company&rft.date=1922&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=Gilbert+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.secondspring.co.uk/articles/sparkes.htm">"The Enemy of Eugenics"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170323214803/http://www.secondspring.co.uk/articles/sparkes.htm">Archived</a> 23 March 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, by Russell Sparkes.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChesterton1946" class="citation book cs1">Chesterton, G. K. (1946) [1929]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.475818/page/n35/mode/2up">"The Drift from Domesticity"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/thingwhyiamcatho0000gkch/page/n7/mode/2up"><i>The Thing</i></a> (Reprint ed.). London: Sheed & Ward. p. 29. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/977629776">977629776</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181106171443/https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=inu.30000041581954;view=1up;seq=39">Archived</a> from the original on 6 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Drift+from+Domesticity&rft.btitle=The+Thing&rft.place=London&rft.pages=29&rft.edition=Reprint&rft.pub=Sheed+%26+Ward&rft.date=1946&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F977629776&rft.aulast=Chesterton&rft.aufirst=G.+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.475818%2Fpage%2Fn35%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrand1978" class="citation book cs1">Brand, Jack (1978). <i>The National movement in Scotland</i>. London Henley Boston: Routledge and K. 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Chesterton: Nationalist Ireland's English Apologist"</a>. <i>Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review</i>. <b>103</b> (410): 178–192. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0039-3495">0039-3495</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24347821">24347821</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Studies%3A+An+Irish+Quarterly+Review&rft.atitle=G.+K.+Chesterton%3A+Nationalist+Ireland%27s+English+Apologist&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=410&rft.pages=178-192&rft.date=2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24347821%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.issn=0039-3495&rft.aulast=Davenport&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24347821&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParker2015" class="citation journal cs1">Parker, James (April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/04/a-most-unlikely-saint/386243/">"A Most Unlikely Saint: The case for canonizing G. K. Chesterton, the bombastic man of letters and paradoxical militant for God"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i> (15 April Issue). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200517144242/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/04/a-most-unlikely-saint/386243/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(2009), <i>Gandhi: Voice of a New Age Revolution</i>, Axios, p. 266</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gandhi%3A+Voice+of+a+New+Age+Revolution&rft.pages=266&rft.pub=Axios&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Martin+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Marchand, Philip (1998). <i>Marshall McLuhan: The Medium and the Messenger: A Biography</i>. 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New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, p. 35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKenney2024" class="citation web cs1">Kenney, Nora (14 February 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.city-journal.org/article/an-atmosphere-of-joy">"An Atmosphere of Joy"</a>. <i>City Journal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+Journal&rft.atitle=An+Atmosphere+of+Joy&rft.date=2024-02-14&rft.aulast=Kenney&rft.aufirst=Nora&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.city-journal.org%2Farticle%2Fan-atmosphere-of-joy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chestertonschoolsnetwork.org/schools">"Our Network Schools"</a>. Chesterton Schools Network<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Our+Network+Schools&rft.pub=Chesterton+Schools+Network&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchestertonschoolsnetwork.org%2Fschools&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scuolachesterton.org/">"Scuola | Scuola Chesterton | San Benedetto Del Tronto"</a>. <i>Scuola Chesterton</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scuola+Chesterton&rft.atitle=Scuola+%26%23124%3B+Scuola+Chesterton+%26%23124%3B+San+Benedetto+Del+Tronto&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scuolachesterton.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://greathearts.institute/the-teacher-as-muse/">"The Teacher as Muse"</a>. Virtue (from the Great Hearts Institute)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Teacher+as+Muse&rft.pub=Virtue+%28from+the+Great+Hearts+Institute%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgreathearts.institute%2Fthe-teacher-as-muse%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pdcnet.org/chesterton">"The Chesterton Review"</a>. Philosophy Documentation Center. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210512121454/https://www.pdcnet.org/chesterton">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Chesterton+Review&rft.pub=Philosophy+Documentation+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pdcnet.org%2Fchesterton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chesterton.org/">"Society of Gilbert Keith Chesterton – Apostolate of Common Sense"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191226090641/https://www.chesterton.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Society+of+Gilbert+Keith+Chesterton+%E2%80%93+Apostolate+of+Common+Sense&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chesterton.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chestertonschoolsnetwork.org/directory/scuola-libera-gk-chesterton">"Scuola Libera G. K. Chesterton"</a>. <i>Chesterton Schools Network</i>. 16 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Chesterton+Schools+Network&rft.atitle=Scuola+Libera+G.+K.+Chesterton&rft.date=2019-04-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchestertonschoolsnetwork.org%2Fdirectory%2Fscuola-libera-gk-chesterton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/15033?__fsk=-188654396">"Chesterton"</a>, <i>Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature</i>, United States: Geological Survey, 17 September 2012, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130218052720/http://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/15033?__fsk=-188654396">archived</a> from the original on 18 February 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2012</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gazetteer+of+Planetary+Nomenclature&rft.atitle=Chesterton&rft.date=2012-09-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fplanetarynames.wr.usgs.gov%2FFeature%2F15033%3F__fsk%3D-188654396&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140525233124/http://highlandpark.suntimes.com/2014/03/19/school-built-around-g-k-chesterton-to-open-in-highland-park/"><i>School built around G. K. Chesterton to open in Highland Park</i></a>, United States Chicago: highlandpark suntimes, 19 March 2014, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://highlandpark.suntimes.com/2014/03/19/school-built-around-g-k-chesterton-to-open-in-highland-park/">the original</a> on 25 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2014</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=School+built+around+G.+K.+Chesterton+to+open+in+Highland+Park&rft.place=United+States+Chicago&rft.pub=highlandpark+suntimes&rft.date=2014-03-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhighlandpark.suntimes.com%2F2014%2F03%2F19%2Fschool-built-around-g-k-chesterton-to-open-in-highland-park%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcNichol2017" class="citation book cs1">McNichol, John (2017). <i>The Tripods Attack!: The Young Chesterton Chronicles Book 1</i>. Hillside Education. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9991706-0-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9991706-0-1"><bdi>978-0-9991706-0-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Tripods+Attack%21%3A+The+Young+Chesterton+Chronicles+Book+1&rft.pub=Hillside+Education&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-0-9991706-0-1&rft.aulast=McNichol&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcNichol2021" class="citation book cs1">McNichol, John (2021). <i>The Emperor of North America: Volume 2 of Young Chesterton Chronicles</i>. Hillside Education. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-7331383-4-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-7331383-4-5"><bdi>978-1-7331383-4-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Emperor+of+North+America%3A+Volume+2+of+Young+Chesterton+Chronicles&rft.pub=Hillside+Education&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-1-7331383-4-5&rft.aulast=McNichol&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichards2002" class="citation book cs1">Richards, Kel (2002). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/murderinmummysto00kelr"><i>Murder in the Mummy's Tomb: A G. K. Chesterton Mystery</i></a></span>. RiverOak Pub. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1589199637" title="Special:BookSources/978-1589199637"><bdi>978-1589199637</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Murder+in+the+Mummy%27s+Tomb%3A+A+G.+K.+Chesterton+Mystery&rft.pub=RiverOak+Pub.&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-1589199637&rft.aulast=Richards&rft.aufirst=Kel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmurderinmummysto00kelr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oKA5AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA744">"Review of <i>Robert Browning</i> by G. K. Chesterton"</a>. <i>The Athenaeum</i> (3946): 744–746. 13 June 1903.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Athenaeum&rft.atitle=Review+of+Robert+Browning+by+G.+K.+Chesterton&rft.issue=3946&rft.pages=744-746&rft.date=1903-06-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoKA5AQAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA744&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Cited biographies</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarker1973" class="citation cs2">Barker, Dudley (1973), <i>G. K. Chesterton: A Biography</i>, London, England: Constable, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-09-457830-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-09-457830-2"><bdi>978-0-09-457830-2</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=G.+K.+Chesterton%3A+A+Biography&rft.place=London%2C+England&rft.pub=Constable&rft.date=1973&rft.isbn=978-0-09-457830-2&rft.aulast=Barker&rft.aufirst=Dudley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKer2011" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Ian_Ker" title="Ian Ker">Ker, Ian</a> (2011), <i>G. K. Chesterton: A Biography</i>, Oxford, England: Oxford University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-960128-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-960128-8"><bdi>978-0-19-960128-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=G.+K.+Chesterton%3A+A+Biography&rft.place=Oxford%2C+England&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-19-960128-8&rft.aulast=Ker&rft.aufirst=Ian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPearce1996" class="citation cs2">Pearce, Joseph (1996), <i>Wisdom and Innocence: A Life of G. K. Chesterton</i>, London, England: Hodder and Stoughton, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-34-067132-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-34-067132-0"><bdi>978-0-34-067132-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wisdom+and+Innocence%3A+A+Life+of+G.+K.+Chesterton&rft.place=London%2C+England&rft.pub=Hodder+and+Stoughton&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-0-34-067132-0&rft.aulast=Pearce&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWard1944" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Maisie_Ward" title="Maisie Ward">Ward, Maisie</a> (1944), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/gilbertkeithches001579mbp#page/n7/mode/2up"><i>Gilbert Keith Chesterton</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Sheed_%26_Ward" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheed & Ward">Sheed & Ward</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gilbert+Keith+Chesterton&rft.pub=Sheed+%26+Ward&rft.date=1944&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Maisie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fgilbertkeithches001579mbp%23page%2Fn7%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">Ahlquist, Dale (2012), <i>The Complete Thinker: The Marvelous Mind of G. K. Chesterton</i>, <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Press" title="Ignatius Press">Ignatius Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58617-675-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58617-675-4"><bdi>978-1-58617-675-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Thinker%3A+The+Marvelous+Mind+of+G.+K.+Chesterton&rft.pub=Ignatius+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-58617-675-4&rft.aulast=Ahlquist&rft.aufirst=Dale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">——— (2003), <i>G. K. Chesterton: Apostle of Common Sense</i>, <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Press" title="Ignatius Press">Ignatius Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89870-857-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89870-857-8"><bdi>978-0-89870-857-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=G.+K.+Chesterton%3A+Apostle+of+Common+Sense&rft.pub=Ignatius+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-89870-857-8&rft.aulast=Ahlquist&rft.aufirst=Dale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Belmonte, Kevin (2011). <i>Defiant Joy: The Remarkable Life and Impact of G. K. Chesterton</i>. Nashville, Tenn.: Thomas Nelson.</li> <li>Blackstock, Alan R. (2012). <i>The Rhetoric of Redemption: Chesterton, Ethical Criticism, and the Common Man</i>. New York. Peter Lang Publishing.</li> <li>Braybrooke, Patrick (1922). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/gkchesterton00brayuoft#page/n7/mode/2up"><i>Gilbert Keith Chesterton</i></a>. London: Chelsea Publishing Company.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Cammaerts" title="Émile Cammaerts">Cammaerts, Émile</a> (1937). <i>The Laughing Prophet: The Seven Virtues nd G. K. Chesterton</i>. London: Methuen & Co., Ltd.</li> <li>Campbell, W. E. (1908). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015028094012;view=1up;seq=777">"G. K. Chesterton: Inquisitor and Democrat"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181106191659/https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015028094012;view=1up;seq=777">Archived</a> 6 November 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>The Catholic World</i>, Vol. LXXXVIII, pp. 769–782.</li> <li>Campbell, W. E. (1909). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/catholicworldvo14fathgoog#page/n14/mode/2up">"G. K. Chesterton: Catholic Apologist"</a> <i>The Catholic World</i>, Vol. LXXXIX, No. 529, pp. 1–12.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Chesterton" title="Cecil Chesterton">Chesterton, Cecil</a> (1908). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/gkchestertoncrit00ches#page/n7/mode/2up"><i>G. K. Chesterton: A Criticism</i></a>. London: Alston Rivers (Rep. by <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/cu31924013463512#page/n7/mode/2up">John Lane Company</a>, 1909).</li> <li>Clipper, Lawrence J. (1974). <i>G. K. Chesterton</i>. New York: Twayne Publishers.</li> <li>Coates, John (1984). <i>Chesterton and the Edwardian Cultural Crisis</i>. Hull University Press.</li> <li>Coates, John (2002). <i>G. K. Chesterton as Controversialist, Essayist, Novelist, and Critic</i>. <a href="/wiki/Lewiston,_New_York" title="Lewiston, New York">Lewiston, New York</a>: <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Mellen_Press" title="Edwin Mellen Press">Edwin Mellen Press</a>.</li> <li>Conlon, D. J. (1987). <i>G. K. Chesterton: A Half Century of Views</i>. Oxford University Press.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">Cooney, A (1999), <i>G. K. Chesterton, One Sword at Least</i>, London: Third Way, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9535077-1-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9535077-1-9"><bdi>978-0-9535077-1-9</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=G.+K.+Chesterton%2C+One+Sword+at+Least&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Third+Way&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-9535077-1-9&rft.aulast=Cooney&rft.aufirst=A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Coren" title="Michael Coren">Coren, Michael</a> (2001) [1989], <i>Gilbert: The Man who was G. K. Chesterton</i>, Vancouver: Regent College Publishing, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781573831956" title="Special:BookSources/9781573831956"><bdi>9781573831956</bdi></a>, <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/45190713">45190713</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gilbert%3A+The+Man+who+was+G.+K.+Chesterton&rft.place=Vancouver&rft.pub=Regent+College+Publishing&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F45190713&rft.isbn=9781573831956&rft.aulast=Coren&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Corrin, Jay P. (1981). <i>G. K. Chesterton & Hilaire Belloc: The Battle Against Modernity</i>. Ohio University Press.</li> <li>Ervine, St. John G. (1922). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/cu31924013262807#page/n101/mode/2up">"G. K. Chesterton"</a>. In: <i>Some Impressions of my Elders</i>. New York: The Macmillan Company, pp. 90–112.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">Ffinch, Michael (1986), <i>G. K. Chesterton</i>, Harper & Row</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=G.+K.+Chesterton&rft.pub=Harper+%26+Row&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Ffinch&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="//archive.org/details/gilbert-magazine-vol.-12-no.-2-3-special-issue-chesterton-the-jews-november-december-2008" class="extiw" title="iarchive:gilbert-magazine-vol.-12-no.-2-3-special-issue-chesterton-the-jews-november-december-2008"><i>Gilbert Magazine</i></a> (November/December 2008). <a href="//archive.org/details/gilbert-magazine-vol.-12-no.-2-3-special-issue-chesterton-the-jews-november-december-2008" class="extiw" title="iarchive:gilbert-magazine-vol.-12-no.-2-3-special-issue-chesterton-the-jews-november-december-2008">Vol. 12, No. 2-3, <i>Special Issue: Chesterton & The Jews</i>.</a></li> <li>Haldane, John. 'Chesterton's Philosophy of Education', philosophy, Vol. 65, No. 251 (Jan. 1990), pp. 65–80.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hitchens" title="Christopher Hitchens">Hitchens, Christopher</a> (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2012/03/the-reactionary/308889/">"The Reactionary"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161210200344/http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2012/03/the-reactionary/308889/">Archived</a> 10 December 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>The Atlantic</i>.</li> <li>Herts, B. Russell (1914). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/depreciations00hertrich#page/n67/mode/2up">"Gilbert K. Chesterton: Defender of the Discarded"</a>. In: <i>Depreciations</i>. New York: Albert & Charles Boni, pp. 65–86.</li> <li>Hollis, Christopher (1970). <i>The Mind of Chesterton</i>. London: Hollis & Carter.</li> <li>Hunter, Lynette (1979). <i>G. K. Chesterton: Explorations in Allegory</i>. London: Macmillan Press.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Jaki" title="Stanley Jaki">Jaki, Stanley</a> (1986). <i>Chesterton: A Seer of Science</i>. University of Illinois Press.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Jaki" title="Stanley Jaki">Jaki, Stanley</a> (1986). "Chesterton's Landmark Year". In: <i>Chance or Reality and Other Essays</i>. University Press of America.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Kenner" title="Hugh Kenner">Kenner, Hugh</a> (1947). <i>Paradox in Chesterton</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Sheed_%26_Ward" class="mw-redirect" title="Sheed & Ward">Sheed & Ward</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Kimball" title="Roger Kimball">Kimball, Roger</a> (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newcriterion.com/articles.cfm/G--K--Chesterton--master-of-rejuvenation-7138">"G. K. Chesterton: Master of Rejuvenation"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120927055650/http://www.newcriterion.com/articles.cfm/G--K--Chesterton--master-of-rejuvenation-7138">Archived</a> 27 September 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>The New Criterion</i>, Vol. XXX, p. 26.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Kirk" title="Russell Kirk">Kirk, Russell</a> (1971). "Chesterton, Madmen, and Madhouses", <i>Modern Age</i>, Vol. XV, No. 1, pp. 6–16.</li> <li>Knight, Mark (2004). <i>Chesterton and Evil</i>. Fordham University Press.</li> <li>Lea, F. A. (1947). "G. K. Chesterton". In: <a href="/wiki/Donald_Attwater" title="Donald Attwater">Donald Attwater</a> (ed.) <i>Modern Christian Revolutionaries</i>. New York: Devin-Adair Co.</li> <li>McCleary, Joseph R. (2009). <i>The Historical Imagination of G. K. Chesterton: Locality, Patriotism, and Nationalism</i>. Taylor & Francis.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall_McLuhan" title="Marshall McLuhan">McLuhan, Marshall</a> (January 1936), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/10222/62265">"G. K. Chesterton: A Practical Mystic"</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210529050420/https://dalspace.library.dal.ca//handle/10222/62265">Archived</a> 29 May 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Dalhousie_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Dalhousie Review">Dalhousie Review</a></i>, <b>15</b> (4): 455–464.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-long-vol">McNichol, J. (2008), <i>The Young Chesterton Chronicles</i>, vol. Book One: The Tripods Attack!, Manchester, NH: Sophia Institute, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-933184-26-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-933184-26-5"><bdi>978-1-933184-26-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Young+Chesterton+Chronicles&rft.place=Manchester%2C+NH&rft.pub=Sophia+Institute&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-933184-26-5&rft.aulast=McNichol&rft.aufirst=J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Oddie, William (2010). <i>Chesterton and the Romance of Orthodoxy: The Making of GKC, 1874–1908</i>. Oxford University Press.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Richard_Orage" title="Alfred Richard Orage">Orage, Alfred Richard.</a> (1922). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/cu31924026942031#page/n157/mode/2up">"G. K. Chesterton on Rome and Germany"</a>. In: <i>Readers and Writers (1917–1921)</i>. London: George Allen & Unwin, pp. 155–161.</li> <li>Oser, Lee (2007). <i>The Return of Christian Humanism: Chesterton, Eliot, Tolkien, and the Romance of History</i>. University of Missouri Press.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">Paine, Randall (1999), <i>The Universe and Mr. Chesterton</i>, Sherwood Sugden, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89385-511-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89385-511-6"><bdi>978-0-89385-511-6</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Universe+and+Mr.+Chesterton&rft.pub=Sherwood+Sugden&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-89385-511-6&rft.aulast=Paine&rft.aufirst=Randall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Pearce" title="Joseph Pearce">Pearce, Joseph</a> (1997), <i>Wisdom and Innocence – A Life of G. K. Chesterton</i>, <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Press" title="Ignatius Press">Ignatius Press</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89870-700-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89870-700-7"><bdi>978-0-89870-700-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wisdom+and+Innocence+%E2%80%93+A+Life+of+G.+K.+Chesterton&rft.pub=Ignatius+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-89870-700-7&rft.aulast=Pearce&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Peck, William George (1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/fromchaostocatho00peckuoft#page/52/mode/2up">"Mr. G. K. Chesterton and the Return to Sanity"</a>. In: <i>From Chaos to Catholicism</i>. London: George Allen & Unwin, pp. 52–92.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond,_E._T." class="mw-redirect" title="Raymond, E. T.">Raymond, E. T.</a> (1919). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/cu31924028389678#page/n71/mode/2up">"Mr. G. K. Chesterton"</a>. In: <i>All & Sundry</i>. London: T. Fisher Unwin, pp. 68–76.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_V._Schall" title="James V. Schall">Schall, James V.</a> (2000). <i>Schall on Chesterton: Timely Essays on Timeless Paradoxes</i>. Catholic University of America Press.</li> <li>Scott, William T. (1912). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/chestertonothere00scot#page/n3/mode/2up"><i>Chesterton and Other Essays</i></a>. Cincinnati: Jennings & Graham.</li> <li>Seaber, Luke (2011). <i>G. K. Chesterton's Literary Influence on George Orwell: A Surprising Irony</i>. <a href="/wiki/Lewiston,_New_York" title="Lewiston, New York">Lewiston, New York</a>: <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Mellen_Press" title="Edwin Mellen Press">Edwin Mellen Press</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfrid_Sheed" title="Wilfrid Sheed">Sheed, Wilfrid</a> (1971). "Chesterbelloc and the Jews", <i>The New York Review of Books</i>, Vol. XVII, No. 3.</li> <li>Shuster, Norman (1922). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/catholicspirit00shus#page/228/mode/2up">"The Adventures of a Journalist: G. K. Chesterton"</a>. In: <i>The Catholic Spirit in Modern English Literature</i>. New York: The Macmillan Company, pp. 229–248.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Emery_Slosson" title="Edwin Emery Slosson">Slosson, Edwin E.</a> (1917). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/sixmajorprophets00slosiala#page/128/mode/2up">"G. K. Chesterton: Knight Errant of Orthodoxy"</a>. In: <i>Six Major Prophets</i>. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, pp. 129–189.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_Couthouy_Smith" title="Marion Couthouy Smith">Smith, Marion Couthouy</a> (1921). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/catholicworld113pauluoft#page/162/mode/2up">"The Rightness of G. K. Chesterton"</a>, <i>The Catholic World</i>, Vol. CXIII, No. 678, pp. 163–168.</li> <li>Stapleton, Julia (2009). <i>Christianity, Patriotism, and Nationhood: The England of G. K. Chesterton</i>. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">Sullivan, John (1974), <i>G. K. Chesterton: A Centenary Appraisal</i>, London: Paul Elek, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-236-17628-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-236-17628-1"><bdi>978-0-236-17628-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=G.+K.+Chesterton%3A+A+Centenary+Appraisal&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Paul+Elek&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=978-0-236-17628-1&rft.aulast=Sullivan&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_de_Tonquedec" title="Joseph de Tonquedec">Tonquédec, Joseph de</a> (1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/gkchestertonsesi00tonq#page/n7/mode/2up"><i>G. K. Chesterton, ses Idées et son Caractère</i></a>, Nouvelle Librairie National.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maisie_Ward" title="Maisie Ward">Ward, Maisie</a> (1952). <i>Return to Chesterton</i>, London: Sheed & Ward.</li> <li>West, Julius (1915). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/criticalstudy00westuoft#page/n9/mode/2up"><i>G. K. Chesterton: A Critical Study</i></a>. London: Martin Secker.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">Williams, Donald T (2006), <i>Mere Humanity: G. K. Chesterton, C. S. Lewis, and J. R. R. Tolkien on the Human Condition</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mere+Humanity%3A+G.+K.+Chesterton%2C+C.+S.+Lewis%2C+and+J.+R.+R.+Tolkien+on+the+Human+Condition&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Donald+T&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>G. K. Chesterton</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Gilbert_Keith_Chesterton" class="extiw" title="c:Gilbert Keith Chesterton">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/G._K._Chesterton" class="extiw" title="q:G. K. Chesterton">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:G._K._Chesterton" class="extiw" title="s:Author:G. K. Chesterton">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183167" class="extiw" title="d:Q183167">Data</a> from Wikidata</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://standardebooks.org/ebooks/g-k-chesterton">Works by G. K. Chesterton in eBook form</a> at <a href="/wiki/Standard_Ebooks" title="Standard Ebooks">Standard Ebooks</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/80">Works by G. K. Chesterton</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fadedpage.com/csearch.php?author=Chesterton%2C%20G.%20K.%20%28Gilbert%20Keith%29">Works by G. K. (Gilbert Keith) Chesterton</a> at <a href="/wiki/Distributed_Proofreaders_Canada" title="Distributed Proofreaders Canada">Faded Page</a> (Canada)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Chesterton%2C%20Gilbert%20Keith%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Chesterton%2C%20Gilbert%20K%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Chesterton%2C%20G%2E%20K%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Gilbert%20Keith%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Gilbert%20K%2E%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22G%2E%20K%2E%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Chesterton%2C%20Gilbert%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Gilbert%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Gilbert%20Keith%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Gilbert%20K%2E%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22G%2E%20K%2E%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22G%2E%20Keith%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Chesterton%2C%20Gilbert%20Keith%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Chesterton%2C%20Gilbert%20K%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Chesterton%2C%20G%2E%20K%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Chesterton%2C%20G%2E%20Keith%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Gilbert%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Chesterton%2C%20Gilbert%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Gilbert%20Keith%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Gilbert%20K%2E%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20title%3A%22G%2E%20K%2E%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Gilbert%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Gilbert%20Keith%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Gilbert%20K%2E%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20description%3A%22G%2E%20K%2E%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Chesterton%2C%20Gilbert%20Keith%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Chesterton%2C%20Gilbert%20K%2E%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Gilbert%20Chesterton%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Chesterton%2C%20Gilbert%22%29%20OR%20%28%221874-1936%22%20AND%20Chesterton%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about G. K. Chesterton</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/author/426">Works by G. K. Chesterton</a> at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> (public domain audiobooks) <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalog.hathitrust.org/Search/Home?lookfor=%22Chesterton,%20G.%20K.%201874-1936.%22&type=author&inst=">Works by G. K. Chesterton</a>, at <a href="/wiki/HathiTrust" title="HathiTrust">HathiTrust</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/c/F71679">"Archival material relating to G. K. Chesterton"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_National_Archives_(United_Kingdom)" title="The National Archives (United Kingdom)">UK National Archives</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archival+material+relating+to+G.+K.+Chesterton&rft.pub=UK+National+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk%2Fdetails%2Fc%2FF71679&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183167#P3029" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.google.com/document/d/1d_OFbxl1hD4S7pTg6Vchv8xJMMqxhhYffxRtgH9MZE4/pub">What's Wrong: GKC in Periodicals</a> Articles by G. K. Chesterton in periodicals, with critical annotations.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chesterton.org/"><i>The American Chesterton Society</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2010</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+American+Chesterton+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chesterton.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://essays.quotidiana.org/chesterton/">G. K. Chesterton: Quotidiana</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170816084200/http://www.wheaton.edu/wadecenter/Authors/GK-Chesterton">G. K. Chesterton research collection</a> at The Marion E. Wade Center at <a href="/wiki/Wheaton_College_(Illinois)" title="Wheaton College (Illinois)">Wheaton College</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151029081006/http://stmikes.utoronto.ca/kelly/760-2/">G. K. Chesterton Archival Collection</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_St._Michael%27s_College" title="University of St. Michael's College">University of St. Michael's College</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto" title="University of Toronto">University of Toronto</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/003215">Newspaper clippings about G. K. Chesterton</a> in the <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Press_Archives" title="20th Century Press Archives">20th Century Press Archives</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Economics" title="German National Library of Economics">ZBW</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scuolachesterton.org/"><i>Scuola Libera G. K. Chesterton</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Scuola+Libera+G.+K.+Chesterton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.scuolachesterton.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uomovivo.blogspot.com/"><i>Società Chestertoniana Italiana</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2023</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Societ%C3%A0+Chestertoniana+Italiana&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuomovivo.blogspot.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AG.+K.+Chesterton" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="G._K._Chesterton" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:G._K._Chesterton" title="Template:G. K. Chesterton"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:G._K._Chesterton" title="Template talk:G. K. Chesterton"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:G._K._Chesterton" title="Special:EditPage/Template:G. K. Chesterton"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="G._K._Chesterton" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">G. K. Chesterton</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/G._K._Chesterton_bibliography" title="G. K. Chesterton bibliography">Bibliography</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Poetry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ballad_of_the_White_Horse" title="The Ballad of the White Horse">The Ballad of the White Horse</a></i> (1911)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_English_Road" title="The Rolling English Road">The Rolling English Road</a>" (1913)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/A_Ballade_of_Suicide" title="A Ballade of Suicide">A Ballade of Suicide</a>" (1915)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Lepanto_(poem)" title="Lepanto (poem)">Lepanto</a>" (1915)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Novels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Napoleon_of_Notting_Hill" title="The Napoleon of Notting Hill">The Napoleon of Notting Hill</a></i> (1904)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Was_Thursday" title="The Man Who Was Thursday">The Man Who Was Thursday</a></i> (1908)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ball_and_the_Cross" title="The Ball and the Cross">The Ball and the Cross</a></i> (1909)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manalive" title="Manalive">Manalive</a></i> (1912)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Flying_Inn" title="The Flying Inn">The Flying Inn</a></i> (1914)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Return_of_Don_Quixote" title="The Return of Don Quixote">The Return of Don Quixote</a></i> (1927)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Short stories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Club_of_Queer_Trades" title="The Club of Queer Trades">The Club of Queer Trades</a></i> (1905)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Blue_Cross_(short_story)" title="The Blue Cross (short story)">The Blue Cross</a>" (1910)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Hammer_of_God_(short_story)" title="The Hammer of God (short story)">The Hammer of God</a>" (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sign_of_the_Broken_Sword" title="The Sign of the Broken Sword">The Sign of the Broken Sword</a></i> (1911)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Knew_Too_Much_(book)" title="The Man Who Knew Too Much (book)">The Man Who Knew Too Much</a></i> (1922)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Incredulity_of_Father_Brown" title="The Incredulity of Father Brown">The Incredulity of Father Brown</a></i> (1926)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Poet_and_the_Lunatics" title="The Poet and the Lunatics">The Poet and the Lunatics</a></i> (1929)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Four_Faultless_Felons" title="Four Faultless Felons">Four Faultless Felons</a></i> (1930)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Paradoxes_of_Mr._Pond" title="The Paradoxes of Mr. Pond">The Paradoxes of Mr. Pond</a></i> (1936)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-fiction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Heretics_(book)" title="Heretics (book)">Heretics</a></i> (1905)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orthodoxy_(book)" title="Orthodoxy (book)">Orthodoxy</a></i> (1908)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Jerusalem_(Chesterton_book)" title="The New Jerusalem (Chesterton book)">The New Jerusalem</a></i> (1920)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fancies_Versus_Fads" title="Fancies Versus Fads">Fancies Versus Fads</a></i> (1923)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Everlasting_Man" title="The Everlasting Man">The Everlasting Man</a></i> (1925)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Father_Brown,_Detective" title="Father Brown, Detective">Father Brown, Detective</a></i> (1934)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Father_Brown" title="The Adventures of Father Brown">The Adventures of Father Brown</a></i> (1945)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Father_Brown_(film)" title="Father Brown (film)">Father Brown</a></i> (1954)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Black_Sheep_(1960_film)" title="The Black Sheep (1960 film)">The Black Sheep</a></i> (1960)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/He_Can%27t_Stop_Doing_It" title="He Can't Stop Doing It">He Can't Stop Doing It</a></i> (1962)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Father_Brown_(1966_TV_series)" title="Father Brown (1966 TV series)">Father Brown</a></i> (1966–1972)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Father_Brown_(1974_TV_series)" title="Father Brown (1974 TV series)">Father Brown</a></i> (1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pfarrer_Braun" title="Pfarrer Braun">Pfarrer Braun</a></i> (2003–2014)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Father_Brown_(2013_TV_series)" title="Father Brown (2013 TV series)">Father Brown</a></i> (2013–present) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Father_Brown_episodes" title="List of Father Brown episodes">list of episodes</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sister_Boniface_Mysteries" title="Sister Boniface Mysteries">Sister Boniface Mysteries</a></i> (2022–present)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Father_Brown" title="Father Brown">Father Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flambeau_(character)" title="Flambeau (character)">Flambeau</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/G._K.%27s_Weekly" title="G. K.'s Weekly">G. K.'s Weekly</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_(play)" title="Magic (play)"><i>Magic</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Blogg" title="Frances Blogg">Frances Blogg</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cecil_Chesterton" title="Cecil Chesterton">Cecil Chesterton</a> (brother)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Chesterton_Review" title="The Chesterton Review">The Chesterton Review</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesterton_Academy" title="Chesterton Academy">Chesterton Academy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="History_of_Catholic_theology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_Catholic_theology" title="Template:History of Catholic theology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_Catholic_theology" title="Template talk:History of Catholic theology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_Catholic_theology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of Catholic theology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="History_of_Catholic_theology" class="wraplinks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_dogmatic_theology" title="Catholic dogmatic theology">History of Catholic theology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:gold"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_philosophers_and_theologians" title="List of Catholic philosophers and theologians">Key figures</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="History of the Catholic Church">History of the Catholic Church</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Timeline of the Catholic Church">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_papacy" title="History of the papacy">History of the papacy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_papal_primacy" title="History of papal primacy">Papal primacy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_ecumenical_councils" title="Catholic ecumenical councils">Ecumenical councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Bible" title="Catholic Bible">Catholic Bible</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Vulgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_of_the_Christian_biblical_canon" class="mw-redirect" title="Development of the Christian biblical canon">Biblical canon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christian_theology" title="History of Christian theology">History of Christian theology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Early_Christianity" title="Early Christianity">Early Church</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Rome" title="Clement of Rome">Clement of Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Epistle_of_Clement" title="First Epistle of Clement">First Epistle of Clement</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Didache" title="Didache">Didache</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Antioch" title="Ignatius of Antioch">Ignatius of Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polycarp" title="Polycarp">Polycarp</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epistle_of_Barnabas" title="Epistle of Barnabas">Epistle of Barnabas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shepherd_of_Hermas" title="The Shepherd of Hermas">The Shepherd of Hermas</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristides_of_Athens" title="Aristides of Athens">Aristides of Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justin_Martyr" title="Justin Martyr">Justin Martyr</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_Diognetus" title="Epistle to Diognetus">Epistle to Diognetus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irenaeus" title="Irenaeus">Irenaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montanism" title="Montanism">Montanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertullian" title="Tertullian">Tertullian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origen" title="Origen">Origen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novatian" title="Novatian">Antipope Novatian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprian" title="Cyprian">Cyprian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine</a> to<br /><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_I" title="Pope Gregory I">Pope Gregory I</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eusebius" title="Eusebius">Eusebius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius_of_Alexandria" title="Athanasius of Alexandria">Athanasius of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arianism" title="Arianism">Arianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelagianism" title="Pelagianism">Pelagianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestorianism" title="Nestorianism">Nestorianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monophysitism" title="Monophysitism">Monophysitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephrem_the_Syrian" title="Ephrem the Syrian">Ephrem the Syrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilary_of_Poitiers" title="Hilary of Poitiers">Hilary of Poitiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Jerusalem" title="Cyril of Jerusalem">Cyril of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_of_Caesarea" title="Basil of Caesarea">Basil of Caesarea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nazianzus" title="Gregory of Nazianzus">Gregory of Nazianzus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Nyssa" title="Gregory of Nyssa">Gregory of Nyssa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrose" title="Ambrose">Ambrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Chrysostom" title="John Chrysostom">John Chrysostom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Hippo" title="Augustine of Hippo">Augustine of Hippo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cassian" title="John Cassian">John Cassian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orosius" title="Orosius">Orosius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyril_of_Alexandria" title="Cyril of Alexandria">Cyril of Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Chrysologus" title="Peter Chrysologus">Peter Chrysologus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Leo_I" title="Pope Leo I">Pope Leo I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boethius" title="Boethius">Boethius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-Dionysius_the_Areopagite" title="Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite">Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Gregory_I" title="Pope Gregory I">Pope Gregory I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Early_Middle_Ages" title="Early Middle Ages">Early Middle Ages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Isidore_of_Seville" title="Isidore of Seville">Isidore of Seville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Climacus" title="John Climacus">John Climacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximus_the_Confessor" title="Maximus the Confessor">Maximus the Confessor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monothelitism" title="Monothelitism">Monothelitism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecthesis" title="Ecthesis">Ecthesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bede" title="Bede">Bede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Damascus" title="John of Damascus">John of Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Iconoclasm" title="Byzantine Iconoclasm">Iconoclasm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transubstantiation" title="Transubstantiation">Transubstantiation dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Predestination" title="Predestination">Predestination disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulinus_II_of_Aquileia" title="Paulinus II of Aquileia">Paulinus II of Aquileia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcuin" title="Alcuin">Alcuin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benedict_of_Aniane" title="Benedict of Aniane">Benedict of Aniane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabanus_Maurus" title="Rabanus Maurus">Rabanus Maurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschasius_Radbertus" title="Paschasius Radbertus">Paschasius Radbertus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Scotus_Eriugena" title="John Scotus Eriugena">John Scotus Eriugena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/High_Middle_Ages" title="High Middle Ages">High Middle Ages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roscellinus" title="Roscellinus">Roscellinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_of_Narek" title="Gregory of Narek">Gregory of Narek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berengar_of_Tours" title="Berengar of Tours">Berengar of Tours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Damian" title="Peter Damian">Peter Damian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anselm_of_Canterbury" title="Anselm of Canterbury">Anselm of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_of_Fiore" title="Joachim of Fiore">Joachim of Fiore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Abelard" title="Peter Abelard">Peter Abelard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decretum_Gratiani" title="Decretum Gratiani">Decretum Gratiani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_of_Clairvaux" title="Bernard of Clairvaux">Bernard of Clairvaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Lombard" title="Peter Lombard">Peter Lombard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anselm_of_Laon" title="Anselm of Laon">Anselm of Laon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildegard_of_Bingen" title="Hildegard of Bingen">Hildegard of Bingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_of_Saint_Victor" title="Hugh of Saint Victor">Hugh of Saint Victor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Dominic" title="Saint Dominic">Dominic de Guzmán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Grosseteste" title="Robert Grosseteste">Robert Grosseteste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_of_Assisi" title="Francis of Assisi">Francis of Assisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_of_Padua" title="Anthony of Padua">Anthony of Padua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatrice_of_Nazareth" title="Beatrice of Nazareth">Beatrice of Nazareth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonaventure" title="Bonaventure">Bonaventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albertus_Magnus" title="Albertus Magnus">Albertus Magnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boetius_of_Dacia" title="Boetius of Dacia">Boetius of Dacia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_of_Ghent" title="Henry of Ghent">Henry of Ghent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Aquinas" title="Thomas Aquinas">Thomas Aquinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siger_of_Brabant" title="Siger of Brabant">Siger of Brabant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomism" title="Thomism">Thomism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Bacon" title="Roger Bacon">Roger Bacon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mysticism" title="Mysticism">Mysticism</a> and reforms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramon_Llull" title="Ramon Llull">Ramon Llull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duns_Scotus" title="Duns Scotus">Duns Scotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dante_Alighieri" title="Dante Alighieri">Dante Alighieri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_of_Ockham" title="William of Ockham">William of Ockham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Rolle" title="Richard Rolle">Richard Rolle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_van_Ruysbroeck" class="mw-redirect" title="John van Ruysbroeck">John of Ruusbroec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_of_Siena" title="Catherine of Siena">Catherine of Siena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridget_of_Sweden" title="Bridget of Sweden">Bridget of Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meister_Eckhart" title="Meister Eckhart">Meister Eckhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Tauler" title="Johannes Tauler">Johannes Tauler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Hilton" title="Walter Hilton">Walter Hilton</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Cloud_of_Unknowing" title="The Cloud of Unknowing">The Cloud of Unknowing</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Suso" title="Henry Suso">Heinrich Seuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geert_Groote" title="Geert Groote">Geert Groote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devotio_Moderna" title="Devotio Moderna">Devotio Moderna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_of_Norwich" title="Julian of Norwich">Julian of Norwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_%C3%A0_Kempis" title="Thomas à Kempis">Thomas à Kempis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_of_Cusa" title="Nicholas of Cusa">Nicholas of Cusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsilio_Ficino" title="Marsilio Ficino">Marsilio Ficino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girolamo_Savonarola" title="Girolamo Savonarola">Girolamo Savonarola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Pico_della_Mirandola" title="Giovanni Pico della Mirandola">Giovanni Pico della Mirandola</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Reformation" title="Reformation">Reformation</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Counter-Reformation" title="Counter-Reformation">Counter-Reformation</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erasmus" title="Erasmus">Erasmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cajetan" title="Thomas Cajetan">Thomas Cajetan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">Thomas More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Fisher" title="John Fisher">John Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Eck" title="Johann Eck">Johann Eck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Vitoria" title="Francisco de Vitoria">Francisco de Vitoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_of_Villanova" title="Thomas of Villanova">Thomas of Villanova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_of_Loyola" title="Ignatius of Loyola">Ignatius of Loyola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Osuna" title="Francisco de Osuna">Francisco de Osuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_%C3%81vila" title="John of Ávila">John of Ávila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Xavier" title="Francis Xavier">Francis Xavier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teresa_of_%C3%81vila" title="Teresa of Ávila">Teresa of Ávila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Le%C3%B3n" title="Luis de León">Luis de León</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_the_Cross" title="John of the Cross">John of the Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Canisius" title="Peter Canisius">Peter Canisius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Molina" title="Luis de Molina">Luis de Molina</a> (<a href="/wiki/Molinism" title="Molinism">Molinism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bellarmine" title="Robert Bellarmine">Robert Bellarmine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Su%C3%A1rez" title="Francisco Suárez">Francisco Suárez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_of_Brindisi" title="Lawrence of Brindisi">Lawrence of Brindisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_de_Sales" title="Francis de Sales">Francis de Sales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Baroque" title="Baroque">Baroque period</a> to<br /><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tommaso_Campanella" title="Tommaso Campanella">Tommaso Campanella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_de_B%C3%A9rulle" title="Pierre de Bérulle">Pierre de Bérulle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Gassendi" title="Pierre Gassendi">Pierre Gassendi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">René Descartes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Jesus_of_%C3%81greda" title="Mary of Jesus of Ágreda">Mary of Jesus of Ágreda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Vieira" title="António Vieira">António Vieira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Olier" title="Jean-Jacques Olier">Jean-Jacques Olier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Thomassin" title="Louis Thomassin">Louis Thomassin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques-B%C3%A9nigne_Bossuet" title="Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet">Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_F%C3%A9nelon" title="François Fénelon">François Fénelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Jansen" title="Cornelius Jansen">Cornelius Jansen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jansenism" title="Jansenism">Jansenism</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaise_Pascal" title="Blaise Pascal">Blaise Pascal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Malebranche" title="Nicolas Malebranche">Nicolas Malebranche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giambattista_Vico" title="Giambattista Vico">Giambattista Vico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonsus_Liguori" title="Alphonsus Liguori">Alphonsus Liguori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Montfort" title="Louis de Montfort">Louis de Montfort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Gaetana_Agnesi" title="Maria Gaetana Agnesi">Maria Gaetana Agnesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Muzzarelli" title="Alfonso Muzzarelli">Alfonso Muzzarelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Michael_Sailer" title="Johann Michael Sailer">Johann Michael Sailer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Mary_Hofbauer" title="Clement Mary Hofbauer">Clement Mary Hofbauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Lanteri" title="Bruno Lanteri">Bruno Lanteri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;width:1%">19th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_G%C3%B6rres" title="Joseph Görres">Joseph Görres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9licit%C3%A9_de_La_Mennais" title="Félicité de La Mennais">Félicité de La Mennais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Taparelli" title="Luigi Taparelli">Luigi Taparelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Rosmini" title="Antonio Rosmini">Antonio Rosmini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignaz_von_D%C3%B6llinger" title="Ignaz von Döllinger">Ignaz von Döllinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Henry_Newman" title="John Henry Newman">John Henry Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Henri_Lacordaire" title="Jean-Baptiste Henri Lacordaire">Henri Lacordaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaime_Balmes" title="Jaime Balmes">Jaime Balmes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Sanseverino" title="Gaetano Sanseverino">Gaetano Sanseverino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Maria_Cornoldi" title="Giovanni Maria Cornoldi">Giovanni Maria Cornoldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Emmanuel_von_Ketteler" title="Wilhelm Emmanuel von Ketteler">Wilhelm Emmanuel Freiherr von Ketteler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Pecci" title="Giuseppe Pecci">Giuseppe Pecci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hergenr%C3%B6ther" title="Joseph Hergenröther">Joseph Hergenröther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommaso_Maria_Zigliara" title="Tommaso Maria Zigliara">Tommaso Maria Zigliara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_Joseph_Scheeben" title="Matthias Joseph Scheeben">Matthias Joseph Scheeben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Boutroux" title="Émile Boutroux">Émile Boutroux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernism_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Modernism in the Catholic Church">Modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-scholasticism" title="Neo-scholasticism">Neo-scholasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Bloy" title="Léon Bloy">Léon Bloy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9-Joseph_Mercier" title="Désiré-Joseph Mercier">Désiré-Joseph Mercier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_von_H%C3%BCgel" title="Friedrich von Hügel">Friedrich von Hügel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Solovyov_(philosopher)" title="Vladimir Solovyov (philosopher)">Vladimir Solovyov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie-Joseph_Lagrange" title="Marie-Joseph Lagrange">Marie-Joseph Lagrange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Tyrrell" title="George Tyrrell">George Tyrrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Blondel" title="Maurice Blondel">Maurice Blondel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_of_Lisieux" title="Thérèse of Lisieux">Thérèse of Lisieux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;width:1%">20th century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">G. K. Chesterton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9ginald_Garrigou-Lagrange" title="Réginald Garrigou-Lagrange">Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Mar%C3%A9chal" title="Joseph Maréchal">Joseph Maréchal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Teilhard_de_Chardin" title="Pierre Teilhard de Chardin">Pierre Teilhard de Chardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Maritain" title="Jacques Maritain">Jacques Maritain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Gilson" title="Étienne Gilson">Étienne Gilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Knox" title="Ronald Knox">Ronald Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Bernanos" title="Georges Bernanos">Georges Bernanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_von_Hildebrand" title="Dietrich von Hildebrand">Dietrich von Hildebrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Marcel" title="Gabriel Marcel">Gabriel Marcel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie-Dominique_Chenu" title="Marie-Dominique Chenu">Marie-Dominique Chenu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romano_Guardini" title="Romano Guardini">Romano Guardini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edith_Stein" title="Edith Stein">Edith Stein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulton_J._Sheen" title="Fulton J. Sheen">Fulton Sheen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Lubac" title="Henri de Lubac">Henri de Lubac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Day" title="Dorothy Day">Dorothy Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Daniel-Rops" title="Henri Daniel-Rops">Henri Daniel-Rops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Guitton" title="Jean Guitton">Jean Guitton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josemar%C3%ADa_Escriv%C3%A1" title="Josemaría Escrivá">Josemaría Escrivá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nouvelle_th%C3%A9ologie" title="Nouvelle théologie">Nouvelle théologie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Rahner" title="Karl Rahner">Karl Rahner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Congar" title="Yves Congar">Yves Congar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lonergan" title="Bernard Lonergan">Bernard Lonergan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Mounier" title="Emmanuel Mounier">Emmanuel Mounier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Dani%C3%A9lou" title="Jean Daniélou">Jean Daniélou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Urs_von_Balthasar" title="Hans Urs von Balthasar">Hans Urs von Balthasar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Lefebvre" title="Marcel Lefebvre">Marcel Lefebvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Copleston" title="Frederick Copleston">Frederick Copleston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Delp" title="Alfred Delp">Alfred Delp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Schillebeeckx" title="Edward Schillebeeckx">Edward Schillebeeckx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Merton" title="Thomas Merton">Thomas Merton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Girard" title="René Girard">René Girard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_K%C3%BCng" title="Hans Küng">Hans Küng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Baptist_Metz" title="Johann Baptist Metz">Johann Baptist Metz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Vanier" title="Jean Vanier">Jean Vanier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Nouwen" title="Henri Nouwen">Henri Nouwen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:gold;width:1%">21st century</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pope_John_Paul_II" title="Pope John Paul II">Pope John Paul II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice_von_Hildebrand" title="Alice von Hildebrand">Alice von Hildebrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Maria_Martini" title="Carlo Maria Martini">Carlo Maria Martini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="Gustavo Gutiérrez">Gustavo Gutiérrez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alasdair_MacIntyre" title="Alasdair MacIntyre">Alasdair MacIntyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Kasper" title="Walter Kasper">Walter Kasper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raniero_Cantalamessa" title="Raniero Cantalamessa">Raniero Cantalamessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micha%C5%82_Heller" title="Michał Heller">Michał Heller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kreeft" title="Peter Kreeft">Peter Kreeft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Marion" title="Jean-Luc Marion">Jean-Luc Marion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1%C5%A1_Hal%C3%ADk" title="Tomáš Halík">Tomáš Halík</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aidan_Nichols" title="Aidan Nichols">Aidan Nichols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Hahn" title="Scott Hahn">Scott Hahn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, 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autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183167#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183167#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000114680957">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/14767719">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/31617/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJqBmKFhWg4CykWqCWfDv3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118520393">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79021157">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118965816">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb118965816">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00435883">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Chesterton, G. K."><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV007330">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35027831">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19990003827&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX846338">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/995274">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068286198">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90063021">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000028368&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000033226&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000035716">Chile</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=64587">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.bn.gov.ar/F/?func=direct&local_base=BNA10&doc_number=000022136">Argentina</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC199633265">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/86lnnhfs0n6tfcl">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810530223605606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/74019">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007275902505171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000041528">Finland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058521580806706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14105728">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00727745?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500008740">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/ff8002a4-37ac-4b36-a128-0b5f43e35fc9">MusicBrainz</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/8550367b-0774-41df-b4bb-fd5bc76bba9a">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/16604">RKD Artists</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/801262">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118520393.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118520393">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026785501">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6cv4gr1">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/41025259">RISM</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&oldid=1258344222">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G._K._Chesterton&oldid=1258344222</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:G._K._Chesterton" title="Category:G. K. Chesterton">G. K. Chesterton</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1874_births" title="Category:1874 births">1874 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1936_deaths" title="Category:1936 deaths">1936 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:19th-century_English_journalists" title="Category:19th-century English journalists">19th-century English journalists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_English_journalists" title="Category:20th-century English journalists">20th-century English journalists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_English_male_writers" title="Category:20th-century English male writers">20th-century English male writers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_English_novelists" title="Category:20th-century English novelists">20th-century English novelists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_English_poets" title="Category:20th-century English poets">20th-century English poets</a></li><li><a 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[\"CITEREFMcNichol2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Connor1937\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFParker2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPearce1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPearce2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRichards2002\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoutley2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSheen\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSimkin\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWard1944\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilson1984\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWodehouse1972\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Birth date\"] = 1,\n [\"Block quote\"] = 1,\n [\"Blockquote\"] = 6,\n [\"Catholic philosophy\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation\"] = 58,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite ODNB\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 32,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 7,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 16,\n [\"Cn\"] = 1,\n [\"Conservatism UK\"] = 1,\n [\"Convert\"] = 2,\n [\"Cslist\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Chesterton, Gilbert Keith\"] = 1,\n [\"Death date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"Distinguish\"] = 1,\n [\"FadedPage\"] = 1,\n [\"G. K. Chesterton\"] = 1,\n [\"Gutenberg author\"] = 1,\n [\"History of Catholic theology\"] = 1,\n [\"Human enhancement sidebar\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 1,\n [\"Inflation\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox writer\"] = 1,\n [\"Internet Archive author\"] = 1,\n [\"Library resources box\"] = 1,\n [\"Librivox author\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 1,\n [\"Marriage\"] = 1,\n [\"Nbsp\"] = 8,\n [\"Née\"] = 1,\n [\"PM20\"] = 1,\n [\"Postnominals\"] = 2,\n [\"Quote\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 2,\n [\"Refend\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 21,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Sisterlinks\"] = 1,\n [\"StandardEbooks\"] = 1,\n [\"Toryism\"] = 1,\n [\"UK National Archives ID\"] = 1,\n [\"Ubl\"] = 2,\n [\"Use British English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 15,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","360","25.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","220","15.7"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","80","5.7"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","80","5.7"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","80","5.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","60","4.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::anchorEncode","60","4.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getAllExpandedArguments","60","4.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::match","40","2.9"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::setTTL","40","2.9"],["[others]","320","22.9"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.canary-84779d6bf6-hj2hv","timestamp":"20241124160839","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"G. K. Chesterton","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/G._K._Chesterton","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q183167","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q183167","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-07-12T06:02:51Z","dateModified":"2024-11-19T04:47:32Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/75\/Gilbert_Chesterton.jpg","headline":"English author and Christian apologist (1874\u20131936)"}</script> </body> </html>