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class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" 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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Use_in_Arabic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_in_Arabic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Use in Arabic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use_in_Arabic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Variant_forms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Variant_forms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Variant forms</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Variant_forms-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Variant forms subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Variant_forms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Kaf_with_line" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaf_with_line"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Kaf with line</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaf_with_line-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaf_with_ring" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaf_with_ring"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Kaf with ring</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaf_with_ring-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaf_with_single_dot_above" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaf_with_single_dot_above"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Kaf with single dot above</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaf_with_single_dot_above-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaf_with_three_dots_below" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaf_with_three_dots_below"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Kaf with three dots below</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaf_with_three_dots_below-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gaf_with_inverted_stroke" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gaf_with_inverted_stroke"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Gaf with inverted stroke</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gaf_with_inverted_stroke-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaf_with_a_dot_below" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaf_with_a_dot_below"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Kaf with a dot below</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaf_with_a_dot_below-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaf_with_three_dots" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaf_with_three_dots"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Kaf with three dots</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaf_with_three_dots-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Character_encoding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Character_encoding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Character encoding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Character_encoding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaf_(Persischer_Buchstabe)" title="Gaf (Persischer Buchstabe) – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Gaf (Persischer Buchstabe)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF" title="گ – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="گ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF" title="گ – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="گ" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C4%81f" title="Gāf – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Gāf" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaf_(persischer_Buchstabe)" title="Gaf (persischer Buchstabe) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gaf (persischer Buchstabe)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EF%AE%92" title="ﮒ – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="ﮒ" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF" title="گ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF" title="گ – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="گ" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF" title="گ – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="گ" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaf_(huruf_Arab)" title="Gaf (huruf Arab) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gaf (huruf Arab)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaf_(alfabeto_persiano)" title="Gaf (alfabeto persiano) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Gaf (alfabeto persiano)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF" title="گ – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="گ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ga_(P%C3%A9gon)" title="Ga (Pégon) – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ga (Pégon)" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%81" title="جاف – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جاف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF" title="گ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="گ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF" title="گ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C4%81f" title="Gāf – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gāf" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF" title="گ – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="گ" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Гаф – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гаф" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF" title="گ – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="گ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF" title="گ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaf" title="Gaf – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gaf" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C4%81f" title="Gāf – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Gāf" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%84_(%D2%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%84)" title="Гоф (ҳарф) – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гоф (ҳарф)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gef_(harf)" title="Gef (harf) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gef (harf)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%90%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Ґаф – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ґаф" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF" title="گ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF" title="گ – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="گ" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF" title="گ – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="گ" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1129900#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> 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div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/GAF_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="GAF (disambiguation)">GAF</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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Without proper <a href="/wiki/Help:Special_characters" title="Help:Special characters">rendering support</a>, you may see <a href="/wiki/Specials_(Unicode_block)#Replacement_character" title="Specials (Unicode block)">question marks, boxes, or other symbols</a>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #ccccff; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;"><div style="float: left;"><small><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDe" title="Že">← Že</a></small></div> Gaf</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Persian_alphabet" title="Persian alphabet">Persian</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="font-size: 300%; line-height: 1"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1227789315">.mw-parser-output .script-arabic{font-family:"Scheherazade New","SF Arabic",Amiri,"Noto Naskh Arabic","Droid Arabic Naskh","Noto Sans Arabic","Sakkal Majalla","Harmattan","Arabic Typesetting","Arabic Transparent","Times New Roman",Arial,Calibri,"Microsoft Sans Serif","Segoe UI",serif,sans-serif;font-weight:normal}</style><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">گ</span>‎</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">Phonemic representation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ɡ</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Position in alphabet</th><td class="infobox-data">32</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Numerical value</th><td class="infobox-data">5000</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #ccccff; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;">Alphabetic derivatives of the Phoenician</th></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gaf.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Gaf.svg/120px-Gaf.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Gaf.svg/180px-Gaf.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Gaf.svg/240px-Gaf.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="282" data-file-height="255" /></a><figcaption>One form of gaf</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Persian_alphabet" title="Persian alphabet">Persian alphabet</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa"><span style="font-size: 125%; line-height: 170%;"> <span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Persian Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'IranNastaliq', 'Urdu Emad Nastaleeq', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;"> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="ا">ا</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="ب">ب</a> <a href="/wiki/%D9%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="پ">پ</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="ت">ت</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="ث">ث</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="ج">ج</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%86" class="mw-redirect" title="چ">چ</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="ح">ح</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="خ">خ</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="د">د</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="ذ">ذ</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="ر">ر</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="ز">ز</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%98" class="mw-redirect" title="ژ">ژ</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="س">س</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="ش">ش</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="ص">ص</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="ض">ض</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="ط">ط</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="ظ">ظ</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="ع">ع</a> <a href="/wiki/%D8%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="غ">غ</a> <a href="/wiki/%D9%81" class="mw-redirect" title="ف">ف</a> <a href="/wiki/%D9%82" class="mw-redirect" title="ق">ق</a> <a href="/wiki/%DA%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="ک">ک</a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">گ</a> <a href="/wiki/%D9%84" class="mw-redirect" title="ل">ل</a> <a href="/wiki/%D9%85" class="mw-redirect" title="م">م</a> <a href="/wiki/%D9%86" class="mw-redirect" title="ن">ن</a> <a href="/wiki/%D9%88" class="mw-redirect" title="و">و</a> <a href="/wiki/%D9%87" class="mw-redirect" title="ه">ه</a> <a href="/wiki/%DB%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="ی">ی</a> </span> </span></span></span></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <hr /><a href="/wiki/Arabic_script" title="Arabic script">Perso-Arabic script</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Persian" title="Romanization of Persian">Transliteration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_diacritics" title="Arabic diacritics">Diacritics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamza" title="Hamza">Hamza</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Arabic_numerals" title="Eastern Arabic numerals">Numerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_numerals" title="Abjad numerals">Numeration</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arabic-script_sidebar" title="Template:Arabic-script sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arabic-script_sidebar" title="Template talk:Arabic-script sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arabic-script_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arabic-script sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Arabic_alphabet" title="Arabic alphabet">Arabic alphabet</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <hr /><a href="/wiki/Arabic_script" title="Arabic script">Arabic script</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Arabic_alphabet" title="History of the Arabic alphabet">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">Transliteration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_diacritics" title="Arabic diacritics">Diacritics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hamza" title="Hamza">Hamza</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Arabic_numerals" title="Eastern Arabic numerals">Numerals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abjad_numerals" title="Abjad numerals">Numeration</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arabic-script_sidebar" title="Template:Arabic-script sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arabic-script_sidebar" title="Template talk:Arabic-script sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arabic-script_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arabic-script sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Gaf</b> (<a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>: <span lang="fa" dir="rtl"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">گاف</span></span>; <span title="Persian-language romanization"><i lang="fa-Latn">gāf</i></span>), is the name of different <a href="/wiki/Perso-Arabic_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Perso-Arabic alphabet">Perso-Arabic letters</a>, all representing <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a>/</span>. They are all derived from the letter <a href="/wiki/Kaph" title="Kaph">kāf</a>, with additional <a href="/wiki/Diacritic" title="Diacritic">diacritics</a>, such as dots and lines. It is also one of the four letters the <a href="/wiki/Persian_alphabet" title="Persian alphabet">Persian alphabet</a> added from the twenty-eight inherited from the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_alphabet" title="Arabic alphabet">Arabic alphabet</a> (the others being <i><a href="/wiki/Pe_(Persian_letter)" title="Pe (Persian letter)">pe</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Che_(Persian_letter)" title="Che (Persian letter)">che</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDe" title="Že">že</a></i>). In name and shape, it is a variant of <i><a href="/wiki/Kaph" title="Kaph">kaf</a></i>. Its numerical value is 5000 (see <a href="/wiki/Abjad_numerals" title="Abjad numerals">Abjad numerals</a>). There are four forms, each used in different alphabets: </p> <ul><li><span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">گ</span>‎</span> in the <a href="/wiki/Persian_alphabet" title="Persian alphabet">Persian alphabet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tausug_language" title="Tausug language">Tausug written in Arabic Script</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ݢ</span>‎</span> in the <a href="/wiki/Jawi_script" title="Jawi script">Jawi script</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ࢴ/ڮ</span>‎</span> in the <a href="/wiki/Pegon_script" title="Pegon script">Pegon script</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ګ</span>‎</span> in <a href="/wiki/Pashto_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashto language">Pashto</a></li> <li><span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ڭـ/‎ڭ‎‎‎</span>‎</span> in <a href="/wiki/Moroccan_Arabic" title="Moroccan Arabic">Moroccan Arabic</a></li></ul> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use_in_Arabic">Use in Arabic</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaf&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Use in Arabic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>gāf</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">گ</span>‎) or <span title="DIN 31635 Arabic (Arabic language) transliteration"><i lang="ar-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Kaph" title="Kaph">kāf</a></i></span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ك</span>‎) has been traditionally used in the Levant and <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> for <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">g</a>/</span>. In Iraq, <i>gāf</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">گ</span>‎) is more used. <span title="DIN 31635 Arabic (Arabic language) transliteration"><i lang="ar-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Ghayn" title="Ghayn">Ġayn</a></i></span> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">غ</span>‎) is preferred in the Levant (nowadays) and by <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Media_Network" title="Al Jazeera Media Network">Al Jazeera</a> TV channel to represent <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a>/</span>, e.g., <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA_%D9%83%D9%88%D9%86%D8%BA" class="extiw" title="ar:هونغ كونغ">هونغ كونغ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a>), <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%84" class="extiw" title="ar:البرتغال">البرتغال</a> (<a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>), <span title="Arabic-language text"><span lang="ar"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%BA%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%B3" class="extiw" title="ar:أغسطس">أغسطس</a></span></span> (<a href="/wiki/August" title="August">August</a>), and <a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81" class="extiw" title="ar:غاندالف">غاندالف</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gandalf" title="Gandalf">Gandalf</a>). Foreign publications and TV channels in Arabic, e.g. <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Welle" title="Deutsche Welle">Deutsche Welle</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Alhurra" title="Alhurra">Alhurra</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> follow this practice. </p><p>In Morocco, <i>gāf</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ڭ</span>‎) or <i>kāf</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ك</span>‎) is used. In <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ڨ</span>‎ or <span title="DIN 31635 Arabic (Arabic language) transliteration"><i lang="ar-Latn">qāf</i></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ق</span>‎ is used. The standard practice in <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> (for <a href="/wiki/Modern_Standard_Arabic" title="Modern Standard Arabic">Literary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Arabic" title="Egyptian Arabic">Egyptian Arabic</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as in coastal <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a> and southwestern and eastern <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a>, is the use of (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ج</span>‎) for <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">g</a>/</span>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Variant_forms">Variant forms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaf&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Variant forms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kaf_with_line">Kaf with line</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaf&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Kaf with line"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The most common form of <i>gāf</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">گ</span>‎) is based on <i>kāf</i> with an additional line. It is rarely used in <a href="/wiki/Modern_Standard_Arabic" title="Modern Standard Arabic">Standard Arabic</a> itself but is used to represent the sound <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a>/</span> when writing other languages. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.6;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="line-height:1.5;text-align:left">Position in word: </th> <th scope="col">Isolated </th> <th scope="col">Final </th> <th scope="col">Medial </th> <th scope="col">Initial </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Naskh_(script)" title="Naskh (script)">Naskh</a> glyph form:<br />(<a href="/wiki/Help:Arabic" title="Help:Arabic">Help</a>) </th> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">گ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـگ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـگـ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">گـ</span>‎ </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Nasta%CA%BFl%C4%ABq" class="mw-redirect" title="Nastaʿlīq">Nastaʿlīq</a> glyph form: </th> <td style="font-size:3em"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">گ</span> </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">ــــگ</span> </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">ــــگــــ</span> </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">گــــ</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>When representing this sound in transliteration of Persian into Hebrew, it is written as כ׳ <i>kaph</i> and a <i><a href="/wiki/Geresh" title="Geresh">geresh</a></i>. </p><p>It is frequently used in <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pashto_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashto language">Pashto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uyghur_language" title="Uyghur language">Uyghur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kurdish_language" title="Kurdish language">Kurdish</a>, and is one of four Perso-Arabic letters not found in Arabic. It is also commonly used in <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamian_Arabic" title="Mesopotamian Arabic">Mesopotamian Arabic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kaf_with_ring">Kaf with ring</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaf&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Kaf with ring"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Pashto_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Pashto language">Pashto</a>, this letter is used for <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a>/</span>. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.6;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="line-height:1.5;text-align:left">Position in word: </th> <th scope="col">Isolated </th> <th scope="col">Final </th> <th scope="col">Medial </th> <th scope="col">Initial </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Naskh_(script)" title="Naskh (script)">Naskh</a> glyph form:<br />(<a href="/wiki/Help:Arabic" title="Help:Arabic">Help</a>) </th> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ګ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـګ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـګـ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ګـ</span>‎ </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Nasta%CA%BFl%C4%ABq" class="mw-redirect" title="Nastaʿlīq">Nastaʿlīq</a> glyph form: </th> <td style="font-size:3em"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">ګ</span> </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">ــــګ</span> </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">ــــګــــ</span> </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">ګــــ</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kaf_with_single_dot_above">Kaf with single dot above</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaf&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Kaf with single dot above"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This <i>gāf</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ݢ</span>‎) is derived from a variant form of <i>kāf</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ک</span>‎), with the addition of a <a href="/wiki/Dot_(diacritic)" title="Dot (diacritic)">dot</a>. It is not used in the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic language</a> itself, but is used in the <a href="/wiki/Jawi_script" title="Jawi script">Jawi script</a> to represent <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a>/</span>. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.6;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="line-height:1.5;text-align:left">Position in word </th> <th scope="col">Isolated </th> <th scope="col">Final </th> <th scope="col">Medial </th> <th scope="col">Initial </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Glyph form:<br />(<a href="/wiki/Help:Arabic" title="Help:Arabic">Help</a>) </th> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ݢ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـݢ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـݢـ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ݢـ</span>‎ </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> includes two forms on this letter: one based on the standard Arabic <i>kāf</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ك</span>‎), and one based on the variant form (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ک</span>‎). The latter is the preferred form.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable template-charmap" style="text-align:right"> <caption>Character information </caption> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center"> <th scope="row">Preview</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">ڬ</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">ݢ </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1061632564">.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child{height:50px}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]{height:100%}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]>div{height:100%;display:flex;justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]>div>div{display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding:0 0.5em}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap tr:first-child th[colspan]>div>div>span:nth-child(2){margin:auto;padding:10px 0;font-size:150%;line-height:1}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap .smallcaps-cm{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap td:first-child{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.template-charmap .template-charmap-numchr td:nth-child(n/**/+2){font-size:90%;padding:2px}</style>Unicode name </th> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">ARABIC LETTER KAF WITH DOT ABOVE </td> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">ARABIC LETTER KEHEH WITH DOT ABOVE </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">Encodings</th> <th>decimal</th> <th>hex</th> <th>dec</th> <th>hex </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></td> <td>1708</td> <td>U+06AC</td> <td>1890</td> <td>U+0762 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8">UTF-8</a></td> <td>218 172</td> <td>DA AC</td> <td>221 162</td> <td>DD A2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Numeric_character_reference" title="Numeric character reference">Numeric character reference</a></td> <td>&#1708;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x6AC;<wbr /></td> <td>&#1890;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x762;<wbr /> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kaf_with_three_dots_below">Kaf with three dots below</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaf&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Kaf with three dots below"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This letter (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ڮ</span>‎) is derived from a form of <i>kāf</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ك</span>‎), with the addition of three <a href="/wiki/Dot_(diacritic)" title="Dot (diacritic)">dots</a> below. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.6;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="line-height:1.5;text-align:left">Position in word </th> <th scope="col">Isolated </th> <th scope="col">Final </th> <th scope="col">Medial </th> <th scope="col">Initial </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Glyph form:<br />(<a href="/wiki/Help:Arabic" title="Help:Arabic">Help</a>) </th> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ڮ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـڮ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـڮـ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ڮـ</span>‎ </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gaf_with_inverted_stroke">Gaf with inverted stroke</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaf&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Gaf with inverted stroke"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Chechen_language" title="Chechen language">Chechen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kabardian_language" title="Kabardian language">Kabardian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Adyghe_language" title="Adyghe language">Adyghe</a>, the Arabic character <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ࢰ</span>‎ is used to spell <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Velar_ejective_stop" title="Velar ejective stop">kʼ</a>/</span> or <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Palato-alveolar_ejective_affricate" title="Palato-alveolar ejective affricate">t͡ʃʼ</a>/</span>. In Chechen, ⟨<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">گ</span>‎⟩ is alternatively used as well. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.6;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="line-height:1.5;text-align:left">Position in word </th> <th scope="col">Isolated </th> <th scope="col">Final </th> <th scope="col">Medial </th> <th scope="col">Initial </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Glyph form:<br />(<a href="/wiki/Help:Arabic" title="Help:Arabic">Help</a>) </th> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ࢰ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـࢰ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـࢰـ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ࢰـ</span>‎ </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kaf_with_a_dot_below">Kaf with a dot below</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaf&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Kaf with a dot below"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This letter (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ࢴ</span>‎) is derived from a form of <i>kāf</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ك</span>‎), with the addition of three a dot below. It is not used in the Arabic language itself, but is used in the <a href="/wiki/Arwi_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Arwi alphabet">Arwi alphabet</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil language</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Pegon_script" title="Pegon script">Pegon script</a> for <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Indonesia" title="Languages of Indonesia">Indonesian languages</a> to represent <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a>/</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.6;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="line-height:1.5;text-align:left">Position in word </th> <th scope="col">Isolated </th> <th scope="col">Final </th> <th scope="col">Medial </th> <th scope="col">Initial </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Glyph form:<br />(<a href="/wiki/Help:Arabic" title="Help:Arabic">Help</a>) </th> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ࢴ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـࢴ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـࢴـ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ࢴـ</span>‎ </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kaf_with_three_dots">Kaf with three dots</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaf&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Kaf with three dots"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Ng_(Arabic_letter)" title="Ng (Arabic letter)">Ng (Arabic letter)</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Top_Floors_Cafe_Argana_in_2006_(Cropped).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Top_Floors_Cafe_Argana_in_2006_%28Cropped%29.png/300px-Top_Floors_Cafe_Argana_in_2006_%28Cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Top_Floors_Cafe_Argana_in_2006_%28Cropped%29.png/450px-Top_Floors_Cafe_Argana_in_2006_%28Cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Top_Floors_Cafe_Argana_in_2006_%28Cropped%29.png/600px-Top_Floors_Cafe_Argana_in_2006_%28Cropped%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1114" data-file-height="695" /></a><figcaption>The Arabic signage for the Argana cafe in Marrakesh's <a href="/wiki/Jemaa_el-Fnaa" title="Jemaa el-Fnaa">Jemaa el-Fnaa</a> features a prominent gaf with three dots.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%86_%D8%AD%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%87%D8%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B8_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%86_%D8%AD%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%87%D8%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B8_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86.jpg/183px-%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%86_%D8%AD%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%87%D8%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B8_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86.jpg" decoding="async" width="183" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%86_%D8%AD%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%87%D8%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B8_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86.jpg/275px-%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%86_%D8%AD%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%87%D8%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B8_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%86_%D8%AD%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%87%D8%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B8_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86.jpg/366px-%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%86_%D8%AD%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%87%D8%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B8_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D8%B3_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1801" data-file-height="2489" /></a><figcaption>A page from a 12th century Persian manuscript of "Kitab al-Abniya 'an Haqa'iq al-Adwiya" by <a href="/wiki/Abu_Mansur_Muwaffaq" title="Abu Mansur Muwaffaq">Abu Mansur Muwaffaq</a> with letter gāf written as (ڭـ).</figcaption></figure> <p>The letter <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ڭ</span>‎ is used in <a href="/wiki/Berber_languages" title="Berber languages">Berber</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moroccan_Arabic" title="Moroccan Arabic">Moroccan Arabic</a> to represent <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a>/</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples of its use include city names (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Agadir" title="Agadir">Agadir</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">أݣادير</span>‎) and family names (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Hicham_El_Guerrouj" title="Hicham El Guerrouj">El Guerrouj</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">الݣروج</span>‎). The preferred form is <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ڭ</span>‎. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.6;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="line-height:1.5;text-align:left">Position in word </th> <th scope="col">Isolated </th> <th scope="col">Final </th> <th scope="col">Medial </th> <th scope="col">Initial </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Glyph form:<br />(<a href="/wiki/Help:Arabic" title="Help:Arabic">Help</a>) </th> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ڭ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـڭ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـڭـ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ڭـ</span>‎ </td></tr></tbody></table><p>It was also used in <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Turkish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Turkish language">Ottoman Turkish</a> for <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_nasal" title="Voiced velar nasal">ŋ</a>/</span>. Both forms are based on variant forms of <i>kāf</i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ك</span>‎/<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ک</span>‎), with the addition of three <a href="/wiki/Dot_(diacritic)" title="Dot (diacritic)">dots</a>. The preferred form is <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ݣ</span>‎. It was also used in Persian instead of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">گ</span>‎. </p><table class="wikitable" style="line-height:1.6;text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="row" style="line-height:1.5;text-align:left">Position in word </th> <th scope="col">Isolated </th> <th scope="col">Final </th> <th scope="col">Medial </th> <th scope="col">Initial </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="text-align:left">Glyph form:<br />(<a href="/wiki/Help:Arabic" title="Help:Arabic">Help</a>) </th> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ݣ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـݣ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ـݣـ</span>‎ </td> <td style="font-size:3em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;">ݣـ</span>‎ </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Character_encoding">Character encoding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaf&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Character encoding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable template-charmap" style="text-align:right"> <caption>Character information </caption> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center"> <th scope="row">Preview</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">ګ</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">ڬ</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">ڮ</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">گ</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">ࢰ </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061632564">Unicode name </th> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">ARABIC LETTER KAF WITH RING </td> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">ARABIC LETTER KAF WITH DOT ABOVE </td> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">ARABIC LETTER KAF WITH THREE DOTS BELOW </td> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">ARABIC LETTER GAF </td> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">ARABIC LETTER GAF WITH INVERTED STROKE </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">Encodings</th> <th>decimal</th> <th>hex</th> <th>dec</th> <th>hex</th> <th>dec</th> <th>hex</th> <th>dec</th> <th>hex</th> <th>dec</th> <th>hex </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></td> <td>1707</td> <td>U+06AB</td> <td>1708</td> <td>U+06AC</td> <td>1710</td> <td>U+06AE</td> <td>1711</td> <td>U+06AF</td> <td>2224</td> <td>U+08B0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8">UTF-8</a></td> <td>218 171</td> <td>DA AB</td> <td>218 172</td> <td>DA AC</td> <td>218 174</td> <td>DA AE</td> <td>218 175</td> <td>DA AF</td> <td>224 162 176</td> <td>E0 A2 B0 </td></tr> <tr class="template-charmap-numchr"> <td><a href="/wiki/Numeric_character_reference" title="Numeric character reference">Numeric character reference</a></td> <td>&#1707;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x6AB;<wbr /></td> <td>&#1708;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x6AC;<wbr /></td> <td>&#1710;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x6AE;<wbr /></td> <td>&#1711;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x6AF;<wbr /></td> <td>&#2224;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x8B0;<wbr /> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable template-charmap" style="text-align:right"> <caption>Character information </caption> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center"> <th scope="row">Preview</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">ݢ</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">ݣ</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">ڭ</th> <th colspan="2" style="font-size:150%">ࢴ </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <th><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1061632564">Unicode name </th> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">ARABIC LETTER KEHEH WITH<br />DOT ABOVE </td> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">ARABIC LETTER KEHEH WITH<br />THREE DOTS ABOVE </td> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">ARABIC LETTER NG </td> <td colspan="2" class="smallcaps-cm">ARABIC LETTER KAF WITH<br />DOT BELOW </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:left;">Encodings</th> <th>decimal</th> <th>hex</th> <th>dec</th> <th>hex</th> <th>dec</th> <th>hex</th> <th>dec</th> <th>hex </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a></td> <td>1890</td> <td>U+0762</td> <td>1891</td> <td>U+0763</td> <td>1709</td> <td>U+06AD</td> <td>2228</td> <td>U+08B4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/UTF-8" title="UTF-8">UTF-8</a></td> <td>221 162</td> <td>DD A2</td> <td>221 163</td> <td>DD A3</td> <td>218 173</td> <td>DA AD</td> <td>224 162 180</td> <td>E0 A2 B4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Numeric_character_reference" title="Numeric character reference">Numeric character reference</a></td> <td>&#1890;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x762;<wbr /></td> <td>&#1891;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x763;<wbr /></td> <td>&#1709;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x6AD;<wbr /></td> <td>&#2228;<wbr /></td> <td>&#x8B4;<wbr /> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaf&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span style="font-size:120%"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1227789315"><span class="script-arabic script-Arab" dir="rtl" style="font-size: 125%;"><a href="/wiki/%DA%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="ڨ">ڨ</a></span>‎</span>, a letter derived from <span title="American Library Association – Library of Congress transliteration"><i lang="ar-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Q%C4%81f" class="mw-redirect" title="Qāf">qāf</a></i></span> and used for <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/<a href="/wiki/Voiced_velar_plosive" title="Voiced velar plosive">ɡ</a>/</span> in <a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ng_(Arabic_letter)" title="Ng (Arabic letter)">Ng (Arabic letter)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gueh" title="Gueh">Gueh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayin" title="Ayin">Ayin</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaf&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.dw.com/ar/%D8%AD%D9%81%D9%84-%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AD-%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2%D8%A9-%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AF%D8%B9%D9%88%D8%A9-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A9-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7/a-64054336">"Leningrad لينينغراد spelled with غ rather than ج"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Welle" title="Deutsche Welle">Deutsche Welle</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deutsche+Welle&rft.atitle=Leningrad+%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%BA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF+spelled+with+%D8%BA+rather+than+%D8%AC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.dw.com%2Far%2F%25D8%25AD%25D9%2581%25D9%2584-%25D9%2585%25D9%2586%25D8%25AD-%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A6%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A9-%25D9%2586%25D9%2588%25D8%25A8%25D9%2584-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B3%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585-%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B9%25D9%2588%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25A5%25D9%2584%25D9%2589-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D9%2582%25D8%25A7%25D9%2588%25D9%2585%25D8%25A9-%25D9%2581%25D9%258A-%25D8%25A3%25D9%2588%25D9%2583%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%2Fa-64054336&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alhurra.com/egypt/2022/12/13/%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%B6%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B1-%D8%B4%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Blogger" بلوغر is spelled with غ, not ج about an article on Egypt quoting an Egyptian official Facebook post spelling it بلوجر with ج"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Blogger%22+%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%BA%D8%B1+is+spelled+with+%D8%BA%2C+not+%D8%AC+about+an+article+on+Egypt+quoting+an+Egyptian+official+Facebook+post+spelling+it+%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%B1+with+%D8%AC&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alhurra.com%2Fegypt%2F2022%2F12%2F13%2F%25D9%2585%25D8%25B5%25D8%25B1-%25D9%2582%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2586%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25B6%25D8%25AF-%25D8%25A8%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D8%25BA%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25B4%25D9%2587%25D9%258A%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal_Nassir1985" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">al Nassir, Abdulmunʿim Abdulamir (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10917/1/354409.pdf"><i>Sibawayh the Phonologist</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Arabic). University of New York. p. 80<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sibawayh+the+Phonologist&rft.pages=80&rft.pub=University+of+New+York&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=al+Nassir&rft.aufirst=Abdulmun%CA%BFim+Abdulamir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fetheses.whiterose.ac.uk%2F10917%2F1%2F354409.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alkalesi, Yasin M. (2001) "Modern iraqi arabic: A textbook". Georgetown University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0878407880" title="Special:BookSources/978-0878407880">978-0878407880</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonatha_Kew2003" class="citation web cs1">Jonatha Kew (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2003/03176-gafs.pdf">"Proposal to encode Jawi and Moroccan Arabic GAF characters"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Proposal+to+encode+Jawi+and+Moroccan+Arabic+GAF+characters&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Jonatha+Kew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2FL2%2FL2003%2F03176-gafs.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPournader2013" class="citation web cs1">Pournader, Roozbeh (June 24, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2013/13130-arwi.pdf">"Proposal to encode three Arabic characters for Arwi"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Proposal+to+encode+three+Arabic+characters+for+Arwi&rft.date=2013-06-24&rft.aulast=Pournader&rft.aufirst=Roozbeh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2FL2%2FL2013%2F13130-arwi.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNasrullah2022" class="citation web cs1">Nasrullah, Febri Muhammad (2022-09-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2022/22221-arabic-kaf-with-dot-below.pdf">"On ARABIC LETTER KAF WITH DOT BELOW"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>UTC Document Register for 2022</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UTC+Document+Register+for+2022&rft.atitle=On+ARABIC+LETTER+KAF+WITH+DOT+BELOW&rft.date=2022-09-11&rft.aulast=Nasrullah&rft.aufirst=Febri+Muhammad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.unicode.org%2FL2%2FL2022%2F22221-arabic-kaf-with-dot-below.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.31best-riad-marrakesh.com/learn-moroccan-arabic/">"Learn Moroccan Arabic"</a>. <i>Best Riad Marakkesh</i>. 8 November 2009. <bdi lang="ar">واش كتهدر بالإنݣليزية</bdi></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Best+Riad+Marakkesh&rft.atitle=Learn+Moroccan+Arabic&rft.date=2009-11-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.31best-riad-marrakesh.com%2Flearn-moroccan-arabic%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGaf" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaf&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scripts.sil.org/cms/scripts/render_download.php?site_id=nrsi&format=file&media_id=arabicletterusagenotes&filename=ArabicLetterUsageNotes.pdf">Notes on some Unicode Arabic characters: recommendations for usage</a> (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>)</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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