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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Hilfe" title="Hilfeseite anzeigen"><span>Hilfe</span></a></li><li id="n-Spenden" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_de.wiktionary.org&uselang=de"><span>Spenden</span></a></li><li id="n-disclaimer" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hilfe:Hinweise_f%C3%BCr_Leser"><span>Hinweise für Leser</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wiktionary:Hauptseite" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wiktionary.svg" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wiktionary" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wiktionary-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 6.6875em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Das freie Wörterbuch" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">In die Seitenleiste verschieben</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">Verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Anfang</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Slawische_Sprachen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Slawische_Sprachen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Slawische Sprachen</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Slawische_Sprachen-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Unterabschnitt Slawische Sprachen umschalten</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Slawische_Sprachen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Polnisch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polnisch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Polnisch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polnisch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tschechisch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tschechisch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Tschechisch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tschechisch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Latein" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latein"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Latein</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Latein-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Siehe_auch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Siehe_auch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Siehe auch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Siehe_auch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhaltsverzeichnis umschalten" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhaltsverzeichnis umschalten</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Hilfe</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lokativ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" 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class="vector-menu-heading"> Allgemein </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Linkliste/Hilfe:Lokativ" title="Liste aller Seiten, die hierher verlinken [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Was linkt hierher?</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:%C3%84nderungen_an_verlinkten_Seiten/Hilfe:Lokativ" rel="nofollow" title="Letzte Änderungen an Seiten, die von hier verlinkt sind [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Änderungen an verlinkten Seiten</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=de" title="Dateien hochladen [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Bild lokal hochladen</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Spezialseiten" title="Liste aller Spezialseiten [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spezialseiten</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hilfe:Lokativ&oldid=9409729" title="Dauerhafter Link zu dieser Seitenversion"><span>Beständige URL</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hilfe:Lokativ&action=info" title="Weitere Informationen über diese Seite"><span>Seiteninformationen</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:URL-K%C3%BCrzung&url=https%3A%2F%2Fde.wiktionary.org%2Fwiki%2FHilfe%3ALokativ"><span>Gekürzte URL abrufen</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fde.wiktionary.org%2Fwiki%2FHilfe%3ALokativ"><span>QR-Code runterladen</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Drucken/exportieren </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Buch&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Hilfe%3ALokativ"><span>Buch erstellen</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Hilfe%3ALokativ&action=show-download-screen"><span>Als PDF herunterladen</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hilfe:Lokativ&printable=yes" title="Druckansicht dieser Seite [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Druckversion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In anderen Projekten </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Seitenwerkzeuge"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Erscheinungsbild"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Erscheinungsbild</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">In die Seitenleiste verschieben</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Aus Wiktionary, dem freien Wörterbuch</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><p>Der <b>Lokativ,</b> auch <b>Lokalis</b> oder <b>Ortskasus</b>, ist ein <a href="/wiki/Hilfe:Kasus" title="Hilfe:Kasus">Kasus</a>, welcher Ortsangaben anzeigt. Ausgeprägt ist dieser besonders in den slawischen, turksprachigen, uralischen und Algonkin- Sprachfamilien, während in der frühen romanischen nur noch Reste zu finden sind und er in der germanischen ausgestorben ist. In den Familien, in welchen er verdrängt wurde, besteht er in der Regel in anderen Kasus oder durch Präpositionen fort. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Slawische_Sprachen" data-mw-thread-id="h-Slawische_Sprachen"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Slawische_Sprachen"></span>Slawische Sprachen<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Slawische_Sprachen"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hilfe:Lokativ&action=edit&section=1" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Slawische Sprachen"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Polnisch" data-mw-thread-id="h-Polnisch-Slawische_Sprachen"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Polnisch-Slawische_Sprachen"></span>Polnisch<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Polnisch-Slawische_Sprachen"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hilfe:Lokativ&action=edit&section=2" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Polnisch"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Das Polnische hat für den Lokativ teilweise von den Endungen oder Geschlechtern abhängige, aber auch unabhängige Regeln. </p> <ul><li><b>-ie</b></li></ul> <ol><li>Die Endung wird für Substantive im Singular jedes Geschlechts verwendet. In den beispielsweise letzten vier Fällen führte die Konsonantenschwächung <i>i</i> zur Weglassung desselben und Veränderung der voranstehenden Konsonanten. <dl><dd>Beispiele: brat → bra<span style="color:#080">cie</span>, rzeka → rze<span style="color:#080">ce</span>, noga → no<span style="color:#080">dze</span>, rower → rower<span style="color:#080">ze</span>, piekło → piek<span style="color:#080">le</span></dd></dl></li></ol> <ul><li><b>-u</b></li></ul> <ol><li>Einige männliche Substantive. <dl><dd>Beispiele: syn → syn<span style="color:#080">u</span>, dom → dom<span style="color:#080">u</span>, bok → bok<span style="color:#080">u</span>, brzuch → brzuch<span style="color:#080">u</span>, worek → work<span style="color:#080">u</span>*, nastrój → nastroj<span style="color:#080">u</span>*, deszcz → deszcz<span style="color:#080">u</span>, miś → misi<span style="color:#080">u</span>, koń → koni<span style="color:#080">u</span>, Poznań → Poznan<span style="color:#080">iu</span>, Wrocław → Wrocław<span style="color:#080">iu</span>, Bytom → Bytom<span style="color:#080">iu</span>** (* in einigen Fällen kann der Vokal verändert, e. g. ó → o, oder ganz ausgelassen werden. ** Die Konsonanten am Ende von Wrocław und Bytom waren einst weich, was sich immer noch in dem Suffix -i- widerspiegelt.)</dd></dl></li> <li>Alle neutralen Substantive im Singular, welche auf <span style="color:#080">-e</span> enden <dl><dd>Beispiele: miejsce → miejsc<span style="color:#080">u</span>, życie → życi<span style="color:#080">u</span></dd></dl></li> <li>Einige neutrale Substantive im Singular, welche auf <span style="color:#080">-o</span> enden <dl><dd>Beispiele mleko → mlek<span style="color:#080">u</span>, łóżko → łóżk<span style="color:#080">u</span>, ucho → uch<span style="color:#080">u</span></dd></dl></li></ol> <ul><li><b>-i</b></li></ul> <ol><li>Feminine Substantive, welche auf <span style="color:#080">-ia</span> enden. <dl><dd>Beispiele: Kasia → o Kas<span style="color:#080">i</span>, Austria → w Austri<span style="color:#080">i</span></dd></dl></li> <li>Feminine Substantive, welche auf <span style="color:#080">-ść</span> enden. <dl><dd>Beispiele miłość → o miłośc<span style="color:#080">i</span></dd></dl></li></ol> <ul><li><b>-im / -ym</b></li></ul> <ol><li>Maskuline und neutrale Adjektive im Singular. <dl><dd>Beispiele: polski język → w polsk<span style="color:#080">im</span> języku</dd></dl></li></ol> <ul><li><b>-ej</b></li></ul> <ol><li>Feminine Adjektive im Singular. <dl><dd>Beispiele: duża krowa → o duż<span style="color:#080">ej</span> krowie</dd></dl></li></ol> <p>Im Plural: </p> <ul><li><b>-ach</b></li></ul> <ol><li>Substantive aller Geschlechter. <dl><dd>Beispiele: kobiety → o kobiet<span style="color:#080">ach</span></dd></dl></li></ol> <ul><li><b>-ich / -ych</b></li></ul> <ol><li>Adjektive aller Geschlechter. <dl><dd>Beispiele: małe sklepy → w małych sklep<span style="color:#080">ach</span></dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tschechisch" data-mw-thread-id="h-Tschechisch-Slawische_Sprachen"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Tschechisch-Slawische_Sprachen"></span>Tschechisch<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Tschechisch-Slawische_Sprachen"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hilfe:Lokativ&action=edit&section=3" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Tschechisch"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Das Tschechische verwendet den Lokativ nur in Verbindung mit Präpositionen. Diese lauten: </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/v#Tschechisch" title="v">v</a></b></li></ul> <ol><li>In Verbindung mit dem Akkusativ hat diese Präposition eine andere Bedeutung und gilt als veraltet. <dl><dd>Beispiele: Praha → <span style="color:#080">v</span> Praze</dd></dl></li></ol> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/na#Tschechisch" title="na">na</a></b></li></ul> <ol><li>In Verbindung mit dem Akkusativ hat diese Präposition eine andere Bedeutung. <dl><dd>Beispiele: stůl→ <span style="color:#080">na</span> stole</dd></dl></li></ol> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/po#Tschechisch" title="po">po</a></b></li></ul> <ol><li>"nach", "auf", "mithilfe" <dl><dd>Beispiele: <span style="color:#080">po</span> obědě</dd></dl></li></ol> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/p%C5%99i#Tschechisch" title="při">při</a></b></li></ul> <ol><li>"in der Nähe" <dl><dd>Beispiele: <span style="color:#080">při</span> zemi</dd></dl></li></ol> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/o#Tschechisch" title="o">o</a></b></li></ul> <ol><li>"über", "mit" <dl><dd>Beispiele: <span style="color:#080">o</span> Vánocích</dd></dl></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Latein" data-mw-thread-id="h-Latein"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Latein"></span>Latein<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Latein"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hilfe:Lokativ&action=edit&section=4" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Latein"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Im Lateinischen kommt der Lokativ nur in Namen von Städten und kleinen Inseln vor. Im Singular der 1. und 2. Deklination lautet er mit dem Genitiv gleich (<a href="https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Roma" class="extiw" title="la:Roma">Rōmae</a>, <a href="https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Berolinum" class="extiw" title="la:Berolinum">Berolīnī</a>), ansonsten (insbesondere im Plural) mit dem Ablativ (<a href="https://la.wiktionary.org/wiki/Athenae" class="extiw" title="la:Athenae">Athēnīs</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Quellen:</i><br/> </p> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Gerd Schmidt: <i>Latein für Bibliothekare.</i> Eine Einführung. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden <span style="white-space:nowrap;">1997</span>, Seite 41 (Zitiert nach <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=VglXr9Kb1cUC&pg=PA41">Google Books</a>)</span><span style="display: none;" class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fde.wikipedia.org%3AHilfe%3ALokativ&rft.btitle=Latein+f%C3%BCr+Bibliothekare&rft.au=Gerd+Schmidt&rft.date=1997&rft.pub=Harrassowitz&rft.place=Wiesbaden&rft.pages=41&rft_id=Zitiert+nach+%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%26%23x3d%3BVglXr9Kb1cUC%26pg%26%23x3d%3BPA41+Google+Books%5D"> </span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Siehe_auch" data-mw-thread-id="h-Siehe_auch"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Siehe_auch"></span>Siehe auch<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Siehe_auch"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hilfe:Lokativ&action=edit&section=5" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Siehe auch"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Wiktionary-Eintrag „<b><a href="/wiki/Lokativ" title="Lokativ">Lokativ</a></b>“</li> <li>Wikipedia-Artikel „<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lokativ" class="extiw" title="w:Lokativ">Lokativ</a>“</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Abgerufen von „<a dir="ltr" href="https://de.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Hilfe:Lokativ&oldid=9409729">https://de.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=Hilfe:Lokativ&oldid=9409729</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Kategorien" title="Spezial:Kategorien">Kategorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Wiktionary:Glossar" title="Kategorie:Wiktionary:Glossar">Wiktionary:Glossar</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Letzte Änderung dieser Seite: 16. 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