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Hilliard – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Earl F. Hilliard" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earl_Hilliard" title="Earl Hilliard – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Earl Hilliard" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%93" title="ארל היליארד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארל היליארד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%81._%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="ايرل اف. هيليارد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ايرل اف. هيليارد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earl_F._Hilliard" title="Earl F. Hilliard – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Earl F. 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Earl_Hilliard&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Earl Hilliard">Earl Hilliard</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician (born 1942)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Earl Hilliard</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Earl_Hilliard.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Earl_Hilliard.jpg/220px-Earl_Hilliard.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Earl_Hilliard.jpg/330px-Earl_Hilliard.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Earl_Hilliard.jpg/440px-Earl_Hilliard.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2906" data-file-height="3884" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a></span><br />from <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Alabama%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Alabama's 7th congressional district">7th</a> district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2003</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Harris_Jr." title="Claude Harris Jr.">Claude Harris Jr.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Artur_Davis" title="Artur Davis">Artur Davis</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Alabama_Senate" title="Alabama Senate">Alabama Senate</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />September 3, 1980 – January 3, 1993</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/U._W._Clemon" title="U. W. Clemon">U. W. Clemon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sundra_Escott" class="mw-redirect" title="Sundra Escott">Sundra Escott</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama%27s_15th_Senate_district" title="Alabama's 15th Senate district">15th district</a> (1980–1983)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Alabama%27s_20th_Senate_district" title="Alabama's 20th Senate district">20th district</a> (1983–1993)</li></ul></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <span style="display: inline-block;"><a href="/wiki/Alabama_House_of_Representatives" title="Alabama House of Representatives">Alabama House of Representatives</a></span><br />from the 45th district</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />November 6, 1974 – September 3, 1980</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">None (district established)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Sundra Escott</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Earl Frederick Hilliard</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1942-04-09</span>) </span>April 9, 1942<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 82)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Birmingham,_Alabama" title="Birmingham, Alabama">Birmingham, Alabama</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morehouse_College" title="Morehouse College">Morehouse College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Howard_University_School_of_Law" title="Howard University School of Law">Howard University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta University">Atlanta University</a> (<a href="/wiki/MBA" class="mw-redirect" title="MBA">MBA</a>)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Earl Frederick Hilliard</b> (born April 9, 1942) is an American <a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politician</a> from the <a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">U.S. state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> who served as the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. representative</a> for the state's <a href="/wiki/Alabama%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Alabama's 7th congressional district">7th district</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-House_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-House-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He served in the <a href="/wiki/Alabama_House_of_Representatives" title="Alabama House of Representatives">Alabama House of Representatives</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Alabama_Senate" title="Alabama Senate">Alabama Senate</a>. His son <a href="/wiki/Earl_Hilliard_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Earl Hilliard Jr.">Earl Hilliard Jr.</a> is also a politician. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Earl_Hilliard_Sr.&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hilliard was born in <a href="/wiki/Birmingham,_Alabama" title="Birmingham, Alabama">Birmingham, Alabama</a>, and graduated from <a href="/wiki/Morehouse_College" title="Morehouse College">Morehouse College</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Earl_Hilliard_Sr.&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was elected as a <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democrat</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Alabama_House_of_Representatives" title="Alabama House of Representatives">Alabama House of Representatives</a> in 1974, serving until his election to the <a href="/wiki/Alabama_Senate" title="Alabama Senate">Alabama Senate</a> in 1980. He served in the upper house until his election to Congress. </p><p>Hilliard was elected to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">United States House of Representatives</a> in 1992 from the 7th District, a 65 percent black-majority district stretching from Birmingham to <a href="/wiki/Montgomery,_Alabama" title="Montgomery, Alabama">Montgomery</a>. In the process, he became the first Black person since <a href="/wiki/Jeremiah_Haralson" title="Jeremiah Haralson">Jeramiah Haralson</a> in 1877 to represent Alabama in Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also became the first Democrat to represent a significant portion of the capital since 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-House_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-House-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He faced his first serious challenge from <a href="/wiki/Artur_Davis" title="Artur Davis">Artur Davis</a> in the 2000 Democratic <a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">primary election</a>—the real contest in this heavily Democratic district—but prevailed. </p><p>Davis challenged Hilliard again in 2002 in a district that had been changed significantly by redistricting. The 7th lost its share of Montgomery, and was pushed further into Birmingham, absorbing a large number of mostly white precincts in that city. The campaign that year was focused on Hilliard's record in office and alleged ethical issues, as well as <a href="/wiki/Race_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Race in the United States">race</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Israeli–Palestinian conflict</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Terrorism" title="Terrorism">terrorism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hilliard claimed "the only thing" that Davis, also an <a href="/wiki/African_American" class="mw-redirect" title="African American">African American</a>, had done for African Americans was "put them in jail" during his time as a federal prosecutor.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2001, Hilliard voted against a bill funding increases in military support to <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> and opposing criminalization of <a href="/wiki/Palestinian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestinian people">Palestinian</a> politicians.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A third candidate also ran in the Democratic primary, and Hilliard finished with the most votes but failed to win a majority; under Alabama law, he then faced a rematch with second-place finisher Davis in a <a href="/wiki/Run-off_election" class="mw-redirect" title="Run-off election">run-off election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Davis won the run-off with 54% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hilliard is a 1960 graduate of <a href="/wiki/Western-Olin_High_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Western-Olin High School">Western-Olin High School</a> in Birmingham. He received a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">B.A.</a> in 1964 from <a href="/wiki/Morehouse_College" title="Morehouse College">Morehouse College</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">J.D.</a> in 1967 from <a href="/wiki/Howard_University_School_of_Law" title="Howard University School of Law">Howard University</a>, and an <a href="/wiki/M.B.A." class="mw-redirect" title="M.B.A.">M.B.A.</a> in 1970 from <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta University">Atlanta University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He is a member of <a href="/wiki/Alpha_Phi_Alpha" title="Alpha Phi Alpha">Alpha Phi Alpha</a> fraternity.<sup id="cite_ref-alphaphialpha_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alphaphialpha-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is a member of the board of the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Black_Caucus" title="Congressional Black Caucus">Congressional Black Caucus</a> Institute.<sup id="cite_ref-cbcinstitute_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbcinstitute-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hilliard's son, <a href="/wiki/Earl_Hilliard_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Earl Hilliard Jr.">Earl Hilliard Jr.</a>, is a former member of the Alabama House of Representatives who ran unsuccessfully for Congress in 2010, also in the 7th district.<sup id="cite_ref-House_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-House-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Earl_Hilliard_Sr.&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_representatives" title="List of African-American United States representatives">List of African-American United States representatives</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Earl_Hilliard_Sr.&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-House-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-House_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-House_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-House_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.house.gov/People/Detail/15053">"Earl Frederick Hilliard"</a>. house.gov<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 16,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Earl+Frederick+Hilliard&rft.pub=house.gov&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistory.house.gov%2FPeople%2FDetail%2F15053&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEarl+Hilliard+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globalpeace.org/people/hon-earl-f-hilliard">"Earl F. Hilliard"</a>. globalpeace.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 16,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Earl+F.+Hilliard&rft.pub=globalpeace.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalpeace.org%2Fpeople%2Fhon-earl-f-hilliard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEarl+Hilliard+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.house.gov/People/Listing/H/HILLIARD,-Earl-Frederick-(H000621)/">"HILLIARD, Earl Frederick | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives"</a>. <i>history.house.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-08-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=history.house.gov&rft.atitle=HILLIARD%2C+Earl+Frederick+%7C+US+House+of+Representatives%3A+History%2C+Art+%26+Archives&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.house.gov%2FPeople%2FListing%2FH%2FHILLIARD%2C-Earl-Frederick-%28H000621%29%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEarl+Hilliard+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalbfinger2002" class="citation news cs1">Halbfinger, David M. (2002-06-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2002/06/03/us/generational-battle-turns-nasty-in-alabama-primary.html">"Generational Battle Turns Nasty in Alabama Primary"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-02-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Generational+Battle+Turns+Nasty+in+Alabama+Primary&rft.date=2002-06-03&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Halbfinger&rft.aufirst=David+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2002%2F06%2F03%2Fus%2Fgenerational-battle-turns-nasty-in-alabama-primary.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEarl+Hilliard+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alabama Democratic Party, 2002 Primary - Tabulation of Returns, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.sos.alabama.gov/sites/default/files/voter-pdfs/2002/d-cert-061002-amend.pdf">https://www.sos.alabama.gov/sites/default/files/voter-pdfs/2002/d-cert-061002-amend.pdf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pitt, Redding. Certification of Candidates - State Democratic Executive Committee of Alabama - Primary Run-off June 25, 2002, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.sos.alabama.gov/sites/default/files/voter-pdfs/2002/d-cert-070102.pdf">https://www.sos.alabama.gov/sites/default/files/voter-pdfs/2002/d-cert-070102.pdf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000621">"Earl F. Hilliard"</a>. Biographical Directory of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Earl+F.+Hilliard&rft.pub=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DH000621&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEarl+Hilliard+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-alphaphialpha-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-alphaphialpha_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080801204705/http://www.alphaphialpha.net/Page.php?id=139">"Hilliard listing on "Prominent Members" page of APA website"</a>. <i>alphaphialpha.net</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alphaphialpha.net/Page.php?id=139&key=Hilliard">the original</a> on August 1, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 11,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=alphaphialpha.net&rft.atitle=Hilliard+listing+on+%22Prominent+Members%22+page+of+APA+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alphaphialpha.net%2FPage.php%3Fid%3D139%26key%3DHilliard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEarl+Hilliard+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cbcinstitute-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cbcinstitute_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090206210218/http://cbcinstitute.org/db/node/53">"Congressional Black Caucus Institute board membership roster"</a>. <i>cbcinstitute.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cbcinstitute.org/db/node/53">the original</a> on February 6, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 11,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cbcinstitute.org&rft.atitle=Congressional+Black+Caucus+Institute+board+membership+roster&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcbcinstitute.org%2Fdb%2Fnode%2F53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEarl+Hilliard+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Earl_Hilliard_Sr.&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_CongressH000621" class="citation web cs1">United States Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000621">"Earl Hilliard Sr. (id: H000621)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=Earl+Hilliard+Sr.+%28id%3A+H000621%29&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DH000621&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEarl+Hilliard+Sr." class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091223042922/http://fanonite.org/2007/04/13/the-israel-lobby/">"The Israel Lobby" interview of Hilliard describes how he was demonized in the media for opposing pro-Israel legislation</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?26203">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Harris,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="Claude Harris, Jr.">Claude Harris, Jr.</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Alabama" title="List of United States representatives from Alabama">U.S. House of Representatives</a> <br />from <span data-sort-value="Alabama07 !"><a href="/wiki/Alabama%27s_7th_congressional_district" title="Alabama's 7th congressional district">Alabama's 7th congressional district</a></span> </b><br />1993–2003 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Artur_Davis" title="Artur Davis">Artur Davis</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">U.S. order of precedence</a> (ceremonial) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Erdreich" title="Ben Erdreich">Ben Erdreich</a></div><i><b>as Former US Representative </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">Order of precedence of the United States</a><br /><i><span style="font-size:85%;">as Former US Representative</span></i> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jo_Bonner" title="Jo Bonner">Jo Bonner</a></div><i><b>as Former US Representative </b></i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Alabama&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_103rd–107th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USCongRep-start" title="Template talk:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USCongRep-start"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Alabama&#039;s_delegation(s)_to_the_103rd–107th_United_States_Congresses_(ordered_by_seniority)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a>'s delegation(s) to the 103rd–107th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congresses</a> <span class="nowrap">(ordered by seniority)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/103rd_United_States_Congress" title="103rd United States Congress">103rd</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Alabama" title="List of United States senators from Alabama">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Howell_Heflin" title="Howell Heflin">H. Heflin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Richard_Shelby" title="Richard Shelby">R. Shelby</a> (D/R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Alabama" title="List of United States representatives from Alabama">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Tom_Bevill" title="Tom Bevill">T. Bevill</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Callahan" title="Sonny Callahan">S. Callahan</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Glen_Browder" title="Glen Browder">G. Browder</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bud_Cramer" title="Bud Cramer">R. Cramer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Bachus" title="Spencer Bachus">S. Bachus</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Terry_Everett" title="Terry Everett">T. Everett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Earl_Hilliard" class="mw-redirect" title="Earl Hilliard">E. Hilliard</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/104th_United_States_Congress" title="104th United States Congress">104th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Alabama" title="List of United States senators from Alabama">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Howell_Heflin" title="Howell Heflin">H. Heflin</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Richard_Shelby" title="Richard Shelby">R. Shelby</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Alabama" title="List of United States representatives from Alabama">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Tom_Bevill" title="Tom Bevill">T. Bevill</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Callahan" title="Sonny Callahan">S. Callahan</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Glen_Browder" title="Glen Browder">G. Browder</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bud_Cramer" title="Bud Cramer">R. Cramer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Bachus" title="Spencer Bachus">S. Bachus</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Terry_Everett" title="Terry Everett">T. Everett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Earl_Hilliard" class="mw-redirect" title="Earl Hilliard">E. Hilliard</a> (D)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/105th_United_States_Congress" title="105th United States Congress">105th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Alabama" title="List of United States senators from Alabama">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Richard_Shelby" title="Richard Shelby">R. Shelby</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Sessions" title="Jeff Sessions">J. Sessions</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Alabama" title="List of United States representatives from Alabama">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Callahan" title="Sonny Callahan">S. Callahan</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bud_Cramer" title="Bud Cramer">R. Cramer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Bachus" title="Spencer Bachus">S. Bachus</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Terry_Everett" title="Terry Everett">T. Everett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Earl_Hilliard" class="mw-redirect" title="Earl Hilliard">E. Hilliard</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_Aderholt" title="Robert Aderholt">R. Aderholt</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bob_Riley" title="Bob Riley">B. Riley</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/106th_United_States_Congress" title="106th United States Congress">106th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Alabama" title="List of United States senators from Alabama">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Richard_Shelby" title="Richard Shelby">R. Shelby</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Sessions" title="Jeff Sessions">J. Sessions</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Alabama" title="List of United States representatives from Alabama">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Callahan" title="Sonny Callahan">S. Callahan</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bud_Cramer" title="Bud Cramer">R. Cramer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Bachus" title="Spencer Bachus">S. Bachus</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Terry_Everett" title="Terry Everett">T. Everett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Earl_Hilliard" class="mw-redirect" title="Earl Hilliard">E. Hilliard</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_Aderholt" title="Robert Aderholt">R. Aderholt</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bob_Riley" title="Bob Riley">B. Riley</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top; text-align:left"> <td style="text-align:right"><b><a href="/wiki/107th_United_States_Congress" title="107th United States Congress">107th</a></b> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px; white-space:nowrap"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Alabama" title="List of United States senators from Alabama">Senate</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Richard_Shelby" title="Richard Shelby">R. Shelby</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Sessions" title="Jeff Sessions">J. Sessions</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td> <td style="padding-left:4px" class="nowraplinks"><div style="text-indent: -1.6em; margin-left: 1.6em;"><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_representatives_from_Alabama" title="List of United States representatives from Alabama">House</a>:</b> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist inline"> <ul><li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Sonny_Callahan" title="Sonny Callahan">S. Callahan</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bud_Cramer" title="Bud Cramer">R. Cramer</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Bachus" title="Spencer Bachus">S. Bachus</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Terry_Everett" title="Terry Everett">T. Everett</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#3333FF;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Earl_Hilliard" class="mw-redirect" title="Earl Hilliard">E. Hilliard</a> (D)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Robert_Aderholt" title="Robert Aderholt">R. Aderholt</a> (R)</li> <li><span style="color:#E81B23;">▌</span><a href="/wiki/Bob_Riley" title="Bob Riley">B. Riley</a> (R)</li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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