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Arylová skupina – Wikipédia

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id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skryť</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Začiatok</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Názvy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Názvy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Názvy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Názvy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reakcie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reakcie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Reakcie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reakcie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referencie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pozri_aj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pozri_aj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Pozri aj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pozri_aj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zdroj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zdroj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Zdroj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zdroj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prepnúť obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prepnúť obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Arylová skupina</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prejsť na článok v inom jazyku. Je dostupný v 36 jazykoch" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-36" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">36 jazykov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arielgroep" title="Arielgroep – afrikánčina" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Arielgroep" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%84_(%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A1)" title="أريل (كيمياء) – arabčina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أريل (كيمياء)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Арыл – bieloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Арыл" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bieloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="Арыл – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Арыл" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grup_aril" title="Grup aril – katalánčina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Grup aril" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryl" title="Aryl – čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Aryl" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čeština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryl" title="Aryl – dánčina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Aryl" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arylgruppe" title="Arylgruppe – nemčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Arylgruppe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%81%CF%8D%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Αρύλια – gréčtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αρύλια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gréčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryl_group" title="Aryl group – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Aryl group" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupo_arilo" title="Grupo arilo – španielčina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Grupo arilo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C3%BC%C3%BClr%C3%BChm" title="Arüülrühm – estónčina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Arüülrühm" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arilo_(kimika)" title="Arilo (kimika) – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Arilo (kimika)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%84_(%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF_%D8%A2%D9%84%DB%8C)" title="آریل (مواد آلی) – perzština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آریل (مواد آلی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryle" title="Aryle – francúzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aryle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francúzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BApa_airile" title="Grúpa airile – írčina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Grúpa airile" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aril" title="Aril – galícijčina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Aril" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galícijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arilcsoport" title="Arilcsoport – maďarčina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Arilcsoport" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aril" title="Aril – indonézština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Aril" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonézština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arile" title="Arile – taliančina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Arile" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="taliančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%AA%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E5%9F%BA" title="アリール基 – japončina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アリール基" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A6%B4%EA%B8%B0" title="아릴기 – kórejčina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아릴기" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kórejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Арил – macedónčina" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Арил" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arylgroep" title="Arylgroep – holandčina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Arylgroep" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryl" title="Aryl – nórčina (bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Aryl" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="nórčina (bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grupa_arylowa" title="Grupa arylowa – poľština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Grupa arylowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poľština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arila" title="Arila – portugalčina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Arila" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aril" title="Aril – rumunčina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Aril" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Арильная группа – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Арильная группа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aril" title="Aril – srbochorvátčina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Aril" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aril" title="Aril – srbčina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Aril" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arylgrupp" title="Arylgrupp – švédčina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Arylgrupp" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="அரைல் – tamilčina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அரைல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Арил – ukrajinčina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Арил" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%B3%E5%9F%BA" title="芳基 – čínština (wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="芳基" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8A%B3%E5%9F%BA" title="芳基 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="芳基" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q718074#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Upraviť medzijazykové odkazy" 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skryť</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">z Wikipédie, slobodnej encyklopédie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sk" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Phenyl-group.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Phenyl-group.svg/250px-Phenyl-group.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Phenyl-group.svg/375px-Phenyl-group.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Phenyl-group.svg/500px-Phenyl-group.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="293" /></a><figcaption>Fenylová skupina je najjednoudchšou arylovou skupinou. Na obrázku je naviazaná na všeobecný substituent označený R.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Arylová skupina</b> alebo <b>aryl</b> je <a href="/wiki/Funk%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_skupina" title="Funkčná skupina">funkčná skupina</a> s jednou väzbou, ktorá je formálne odvodená od <a href="/wiki/Aromatick%C3%A9_uh%C4%BEovod%C3%ADky" class="mw-redirect" title="Aromatické uhľovodíky">aromatického uhľovodíku</a> (arénu).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Tieto skupiny sa vždy viažu na zvyšok molekuly pomocou uhlíkového atómu v <a href="/wiki/Cyklus_(ch%C3%A9mia)" title="Cyklus (chémia)">kruhu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Zvyčajne býva odvodená od aromatických uhľovodíkov, ako je to napríklad u <a href="/wiki/Fenyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Fenyl">fenylu</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Naftyl&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Naftyl (stránka neexistuje)">naftylu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> V chemických vzorcoch sa často označujú symbolom <b>Ar</b>, podobne ako sú všeobecné organické skupiny označované symbolom R. Symbol Ar by však nemal byť zamieňaný so symbolom pre <a href="/wiki/Arg%C3%B3n" title="Argón">argón</a>. Niektoré definície zahŕňajú skupiny odvodené len od <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monocyklick%C3%A1_zl%C3%BA%C4%8Denina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Monocyklická zlúčenina (stránka neexistuje)">monocyklických</a> arénov,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> iné však zahŕňajú i skupiny odvodené od <a href="/wiki/Polyaromatick%C3%BD_uh%C4%BEovod%C3%ADk" title="Polyaromatický uhľovodík">polycyklických arénov</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Najjednoduchšou arylovou skupinou je <a href="/wiki/Fenylov%C3%A1_skupina" title="Fenylová skupina">fenylová skupina</a> (C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>), ktorá je odvodená od <a href="/wiki/Benz%C3%A9n" title="Benzén">benzénu</a>. Medzi ďalšie arylové skupiny patria napríklad: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tolylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tolylová skupina (stránka neexistuje)">tolylová skupina</a> (–C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>CH<sub>3</sub>) odvodená od <a href="/wiki/Tolu%C3%A9n" title="Toluén">toluénu</a> (metylbenzénu)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xylylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Xylylová skupina (stránka neexistuje)">xylylová skupina</a> (–C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>3</sub>(CH<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>) odvodená od <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xyl%C3%A9n&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Xylén (stránka neexistuje)">xylénu</a> (dimetylbenzénu)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naftylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Naftylová skupina (stránka neexistuje)">naftylová skupina</a> (–C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>7</sub>) odvodená od <a href="/wiki/Naftal%C3%A9n" title="Naftalén">naftalénu</a></li></ul> <p>Proces naviazania arylovej skupiny na substituent sa nazýva <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aryl%C3%A1cia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Arylácia (stránka neexistuje)">arylácia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Typicky prebieha pomocou <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cross-couplingov%C3%A1_reakcia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cross-couplingová reakcia (stránka neexistuje)">cross-couplingových reakcií</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Názvy"><span id="N.C3.A1zvy"></span>Názvy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Upraviť sekciu: Názvy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Názvy"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Phenol_topo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Phenol_topo.svg/99px-Phenol_topo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="99" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Phenol_topo.svg/149px-Phenol_topo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Phenol_topo.svg/199px-Phenol_topo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="278" data-file-height="475" /></a><figcaption>Fenol alebo hydroxybenzén</figcaption></figure> <p>Najjednoduchšou skupinou je fenyl, ktorý predstavuje molekulu benzénu, v ktorej bol jeden vodíkový atóm nahradený za substituent. Napriek tomu, že je odvodený od benzénu, je nutné ho rozlišovať od <a href="/w/index.php?title=Benzylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Benzylová skupina (stránka neexistuje)">benzylovej skupiny</a>, ktorá pozostáva z fenylovej skupiny viazanej na metylén a má vzorec C<sub>6</sub>H<sub>5</sub>CH<sub>2</sub>– (formálne odvodenej od toluénu).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:12_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:12-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Okrem fenylu platí, že názvy arylových skupín vznikajú z triválnych názvov aromatických uhľovodíkov a koncovky -yl (napr. naftalén a naftyl).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pri pomenovaní zlúčenín, ktoré obsahujú fenylovú skupinu, možno fenylové jadro pokladať za hlavný uhľovodík a použiť jeho názov ako príponu „–benzén“. Alternatívne možno (a pre zložitejšie systémy je nutné) pokladať väčšie skupiny ako substituované deriváty fenylovej skupiny.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Jedným príkladom tohto názvoslovia môže byť zlúčenina, kde je hydroxylová skupina viazaná na fenylovú skupinu (ako na obrázku). Jedným spôsobom pomenovania je vziať fenylovú skupinu ako základný uhľovodík a pokladať zlúčeninu za derivát benzénu, takže by zlúčenina mala názov hydroxybenzén. Alternatívnym spôsobom, v tomto prípade bežnejším, je pokladať hydroxylovú skupinu za hlavnú a vnímať fenyl ako substituent, takže by zlúčenina niesla názov <a href="/wiki/Fenol" title="Fenol">fenol</a> (fenyl + ol). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reakcie">Reakcie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Upraviť sekciu: Reakcie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reakcie"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd><div class="noprint"><i>Bližšie informácie v hlavnom článku&#58; <a href="/wiki/Ar%C3%A9n" title="Arén">Arén</a></i></div></dd></dl> <p>Arylové skupiny podstupujú podobné reakcie ako arény, keďže sa od nich vo svojej chemickej podstate nelíšia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencie">Referencie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Upraviť sekciu: Referencie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Referencie"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">aryl.&#160;In:&#32;BÍNA, Jaroslav. <i>Malá encyklopédia chémie</i>. Bratislava&#160;: Obzor, 1981. S.&#160;118. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-3"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">d</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-4"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">e</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">PUTALA, Martin; SALIŠOVÁ, Marta; VENCEL, Tomáš. <i>Názvoslovie organickýc zlúčenín</i> [online]. Univerzita Komenského v Bratislave, Prírodovedecká fakulta, Katedra organickej chémie, 2015, [cit. 2022-01-22]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fns.uniba.sk/fileadmin/prif/chem/kor/vyuka/Nazvoslovie_org_zl_ed2015.pdf">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-2"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_3-3"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">d</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">aryl.&#160;In:&#32; <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_Beliana" title="Encyclopaedia Beliana">Encyclopaedia Beliana</a></i>. 1. vyd. Bratislava&#160;: <a href="/wiki/Encyklopedick%C3%BD_%C3%BAstav_Slovenskej_akad%C3%A9mie_vied" title="Encyklopedický ústav Slovenskej akadémie vied">Encyklopedický ústav SAV</a>; <a href="/wiki/VEDA,_vydavate%C4%BEstvo_Slovenskej_akad%C3%A9mie_vied" title="VEDA, vydavateľstvo Slovenskej akadémie vied">Veda</a>, © 1999. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry" class="mw-redirect" title="International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry">IUPAC</a>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=IUPAC_books&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="IUPAC books (stránka neexistuje)">Compendium of Chemical Terminology</a></i>, 2nd ed. (the "Gold Book") (1997). Online corrected version: &#160;(2006&#8211;) "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://goldbook.iupac.org/A00464.html">aryl groups</a>". <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1351%2Fgoldbook.A00464">10.1351/goldbook.A00464</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">CAREY, Francis; SUNDBERG, Richard. <i>Advanced Organic Chemistry, Part A: Structure and Mechanisms</i>. 5th. vyd. [s.l.]&#160;: Springer, 2008. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:12-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:12_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">aralkylhalogenidy.&#160;In:&#32;BÍNA, Jaroslav. <i>Malá encyklopédia chémie</i>. Bratislava&#160;: Obzor, 1981. S.&#160;112. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">IUPAC, Commission on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry. <i>A Guide to IUPAC Nomenclature of Organic Compounds (Recommendations 1993)</i>. [s.l.]&#160;: Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1993. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acdlabs.com/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_671.htm">Dostupné online.</a> </cite></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pozri_aj">Pozri aj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Upraviť sekciu: Pozri aj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Pozri aj"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alkylov%C3%A1_skupina" title="Alkylová skupina">Alkylová skupina</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zdroj">Zdroj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Upraviť sekciu: Zdroj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Zdroj"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="plainlinks"><i>Tento článok je čiastočný alebo úplný preklad článku <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aryl?oldid=1107516684">Aryl</a> na anglickej Wikipédii.</i></span> </p> <div style="border: solid #aaa 1px; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 0ex 1ex; font-size: 90%;" class="tright" title="Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka"> <table style="margin: 0; padding: 0ex"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;margin: 0;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a 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<li><a href="/wiki/Vinylov%C3%A1_skupina" title="Vinylová skupina">Vinyl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alkyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Alkyl">Alkyl</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metylov%C3%A1_skupina" title="Metylová skupina">Metyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etylov%C3%A1_skupina" title="Etylová skupina">Etyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propylov%C3%A1_skupina" title="Propylová skupina">Propyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Butylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Butylová skupina (stránka neexistuje)">Butyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentylov%C3%A1_skupina" title="Pentylová skupina">Pentyl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alk%C3%ADn" title="Alkín">Alkín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aryl" class="mw-redirect" title="Aryl">Aryl</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benzylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Benzylová skupina (stránka neexistuje)">Benzyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenylov%C3%A1_skupina" title="Fenylová skupina">Fenyl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karb%C3%A9n&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Karbén (stránka neexistuje)">Karbén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumul%C3%A9n" title="Kumulén">Kumulén</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metyl%C3%A9nov%C3%BD_most%C3%ADk&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Metylénový mostík (stránka neexistuje)">Metylénový mostík</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metyl%C3%A9nov%C3%A1_skupina" title="Metylénová skupina">Metylénová skupina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Met%C3%ADnov%C3%A1_skupin%C3%A1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Metínová skupiná (stránka neexistuje)">Metín</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Len uhlík,<br />vodík a kyslík<br />(C, H, O)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acet%C3%A1l" title="Acetál">Acetál</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acetoxy_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Acetoxy skupina (stránka neexistuje)">Acetoxy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akryloylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Akryloylová skupina (stránka neexistuje)">Akryloyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Acylov%C3%A1_akupina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Acylová akupina (stránka neexistuje)">Acyl</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acetylov%C3%A1_skupina" title="Acetylová skupina">Acetyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Benzoylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Benzoylová skupina (stránka neexistuje)">Benzoyl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldehyd" title="Aldehyd">Aldehyd</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkoxy_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alkoxy skupina (stránka neexistuje)">Alkoxy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metoxy_skupina" title="Metoxy skupina">Metoxy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karbonylov%C3%A1_skupina" title="Karbonylová skupina">Karbonyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karboxylov%C3%A1_kyselina" title="Karboxylová kyselina">Karboxyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anhydrid_karboxylovej_kyseliny&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anhydrid karboxylovej kyseliny (stránka neexistuje)">Anhydrid karboxylovej kyseliny</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dioxir%C3%A1n&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dioxirán (stránka neexistuje)">Dioxirán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enol" title="Enol">Enol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epoxid" title="Epoxid">Epoxid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ester_karboxylovej_kyseliny&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ester karboxylovej kyseliny (stránka neexistuje)">Ester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ter_(ch%C3%A9mia)" title="Éter (chémia)">Éter</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Etyl%C3%A9ndioxy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Etyléndioxy (stránka neexistuje)">Etyléndioxy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halouhl%C3%ADk&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Halouhlík (stránka neexistuje)">Halo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydroxylov%C3%A1_skupina" title="Hydroxylová skupina">Hydroxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ket%C3%B3n" title="Ketón">Ketón</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metyl%C3%A9ndioxy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Metyléndioxy (stránka neexistuje)">Metyléndioxy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peroxid" title="Peroxid">Peroxy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organick%C3%BD_peroxid" title="Organický peroxid">Organický peroxid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peroxokyselina" title="Peroxokyselina">Peroxokyselina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poloacet%C3%A1l" title="Poloacetál">Poloacetál / poloketál</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ortoester&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ortoester (stránka neexistuje)">Ortoester</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yn%C3%B3n&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ynón (stránka neexistuje)">Ynón</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Len jeden<br />prvok okrem<br />C, H, O</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dusík (N)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%ADn" title="Amín">Amín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azozl%C3%BA%C4%8Denina" title="Azozlúčenina">Azo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enam%C3%ADn" title="Enamín">Enamín</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karbam%C3%A1t&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Karbamát (stránka neexistuje)">Karbamát</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karboxamid" title="Karboxamid">Karboxamid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyan%C3%A1t&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyanát (stránka neexistuje)">Kyanát</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydraz%C3%B3n&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydrazón (stránka neexistuje)">Hydrazón</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imid&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Imid (stránka neexistuje)">Imid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Im%C3%ADn&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Imín (stránka neexistuje)">Imín</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izokyan%C3%A1t&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Izokyanát (stránka neexistuje)">Izokyanát</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izokyanid&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Izokyanid (stránka neexistuje)">Izonitril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dusi%C4%8Dnan" title="Dusičnan">Dusičnan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nitr%C3%A9n&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nitrén (stránka neexistuje)">Nitrén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nitril" title="Nitril">Nitril</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nitrozl%C3%BA%C4%8Denina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nitrozlúčenina (stránka neexistuje)">Nitro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nitr%C3%B3zo&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nitrózo (stránka neexistuje)">Nitrózo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alkyldusitan&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alkyldusitan (stránka neexistuje)">Nitrózooxy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxim&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxim (stránka neexistuje)">Oxim</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fosfor (P)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfon%C3%A1t&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fosfonát (stránka neexistuje)">Fosfonát</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosfonit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fosfonit (stránka neexistuje)">Fosfonit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Síra (S)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Disulfid&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Disulfid (stránka neexistuje)">Disulfid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Persulfid&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Persulfid (stránka neexistuje)">Persulfid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulf%C3%A9nov%C3%A1_kyselina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulfénová kyselina (stránka neexistuje)">Sulfénová kyselina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Organick%C3%BD_sulfid&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Organický sulfid (stránka neexistuje)">Sulfid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulf%C3%ADnov%C3%A1_kyselina" title="Sulfínová kyselina">Sulfínová kyselina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulfonyl&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulfonyl (stránka neexistuje)">Sulfonyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulf%C3%B3n&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulfón (stránka neexistuje)">Sulfón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulf%C3%B3nov%C3%A1_kyselina" title="Sulfónová kyselina">Sulfónová kyselina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulfoxid&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulfoxid (stránka neexistuje)">Sulfoxid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tioaldehyd" title="Tioaldehyd">Tioaldehyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tioester" title="Tioester">Tioester</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tioket%C3%B3n&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tioketón (stránka neexistuje)">Tioketón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiol" title="Tiol">Tiol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tionoester&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tionoester (stránka neexistuje)">Tionoester</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tionylov%C3%A1_skupina&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tionylová skupina (stránka neexistuje)">Tionyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiosulfin%C3%A1t&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tiosulfinát (stránka neexistuje)">Tiosulfinát</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiosulfon%C3%A1t&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tiosulfonát (stránka neexistuje)">Tiosulfonát</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tioxant%C3%A1t&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Tioxantát (stránka neexistuje)">Tioxantát</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Selén (Se)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selenol&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Selenol (stránka neexistuje)">Selenol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyselina_sel%C3%A9nov%C3%A1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyselina selénová (stránka neexistuje)">Kyselina selénová</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyselina_seleni%C4%8Dit%C3%A1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyselina seleničitá (stránka neexistuje)">Kyselina seleničitá</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyselina_sel%C3%A9nat%C3%A1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyselina selénatá (stránka neexistuje)">Kyselina selénatá</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sel%C3%B3n&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Selón (stránka neexistuje)">Selón</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Telúr (Te)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tel%C3%BArol&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Telúrol (stránka neexistuje)">Telúrol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tel%C3%BAroket%C3%B3n&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Telúroketón (stránka neexistuje)">Telúroketón</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ostatné</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flu%C3%B3roetyl&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fluóroetyl (stránka neexistuje)">Fluóroetyl</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Izotiokyan%C3%A1t&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Izotiokyanát (stránka neexistuje)">Izotiokyanát</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fosforamid&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fosforamid (stránka neexistuje)">Fosforamid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulfenylchlorid&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulfenylchlorid (stránka neexistuje)">Sulfenylchlorid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulf%C3%B3namid_(ch%C3%A9mia)" title="Sulfónamid (chémia)">Sulfónamid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiokyanatan" 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