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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Agriculture in Austria</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 9 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-9" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">9 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="الزراعة في النمسا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الزراعة في النمسا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%90%D1%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%96" title="Сельская гаспадарка Аўстрыі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сельская гаспадарка Аўстрыі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%89%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%91%CF%85%CF%83%CF%84%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Γεωργία στην Αυστρία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γεωργία στην Αυστρία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B6%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A8_%D4%B1%D5%BE%D5%BD%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Գյուղատնտեսությունը Ավստրիայում – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գյուղատնտեսությունը Ավստրիայում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avstriyada_qishloq_xo%CA%BBjaligi" title="Avstriyada qishloq xoʻjaligi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Avstriyada qishloq xoʻjaligi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B7%D1%8F%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Сельское хозяйство Австрии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сельское хозяйство Австрии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%99%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%83_%D0%90%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B8" title="Пољопривреда у Аустрији – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пољопривреда у Аустрији" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/It%C3%A4vallan_maatalous" title="Itävallan maatalous – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Itävallan maatalous" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B5_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97" title="Сільське господарство Австрії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сільське господарство Австрії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4694011#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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Please help <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Austria&action=edit">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">introducing citations to additional sources</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Agriculture+in+Austria%22">"Agriculture in Austria"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Agriculture+in+Austria%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Agriculture+in+Austria%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Agriculture+in+Austria%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Agriculture+in+Austria%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Agriculture+in+Austria%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2009</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2009</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Overview of agriculture in Austria</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Angerer0002.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Angerer0002.JPG/300px-Angerer0002.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Angerer0002.JPG/450px-Angerer0002.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Angerer0002.JPG/600px-Angerer0002.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>A farm in Austria</figcaption></figure> <p>The share of <b>agriculture in Austria</b> in the <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Austria" title="Economy of Austria">Austrian economy</a> declined steadily after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">agriculture</a> continues to represent an important element of the economy because of its social and political significance.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Chamber of Agriculture remains on an equal level with the chambers of commerce and labor, although its members produce only a fraction of the <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> that industrial and commercial workers produce.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production_Value">Production Value</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Austria&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Production Value"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Output value of the agricultural industry 2018–2022 – in million Euro<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Item </th> <th>2018 </th> <th>2019 </th> <th>2020 </th> <th>2021 </th> <th>2022 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Cereals </td> <td>776 </td> <td>802 </td> <td>834 </td> <td>1148 </td> <td>1583 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Industrial crops </td> <td>248 </td> <td>275 </td> <td>304 </td> <td>435 </td> <td>562 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Forage plants </td> <td>517 </td> <td>524 </td> <td>496 </td> <td>562 </td> <td>864 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vegetables </td> <td>285 </td> <td>346 </td> <td>340 </td> <td>391 </td> <td>442 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Plants and flowers </td> <td>384 </td> <td>372 </td> <td>385 </td> <td>416 </td> <td>436 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Potatoes </td> <td>86 </td> <td>109 </td> <td>93 </td> <td>94 </td> <td>110 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fruits </td> <td>304 </td> <td>227 </td> <td>294 </td> <td>335 </td> <td>415 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wine </td> <td>570 </td> <td>498 </td> <td>539 </td> <td>636 </td> <td>687 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other crop products </td> <td>4 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>3 </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>CROP OUTPUT </td> <td>3175 </td> <td>3158 </td> <td>3287 </td> <td>4020 </td> <td>5102 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cattle </td> <td>834 </td> <td>811 </td> <td>768 </td> <td>826 </td> <td>916 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pigs </td> <td>721 </td> <td>850 </td> <td>831 </td> <td>774 </td> <td>891 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Poultry </td> <td>205 </td> <td>205 </td> <td>209 </td> <td>222 </td> <td>217 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other animals </td> <td>54 </td> <td>58 </td> <td>51 </td> <td>66 </td> <td>71 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Milk </td> <td>1369 </td> <td>1356 </td> <td>1395 </td> <td>1470 </td> <td>1904 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Eggs </td> <td>285 </td> <td>289 </td> <td>296 </td> <td>313 </td> <td>399 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other animal products </td> <td>30 </td> <td>35 </td> <td>35 </td> <td>46 </td> <td>50 </td></tr> <tr> <td>ANIMAL OUTPUT </td> <td>3507 </td> <td>3604 </td> <td>3585 </td> <td>3718 </td> <td>4447 </td></tr> <tr> <td>AGRICULTURAL SERVICES OUTPUT </td> <td>322 </td> <td>322 </td> <td>341 </td> <td>348 </td> <td>415 </td></tr> <tr> <td>NON AGRICULTURAL SECONDARY ACTIVITIES </td> <td>439 </td> <td>452 </td> <td>448 </td> <td>498 </td> <td>580 </td></tr> <tr> <td>OUTPUT OF THE AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY </td> <td>7443 </td> <td>7535 </td> <td>7661 </td> <td>8584 </td> <td>10545 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_role">Government role</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Austria&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Government role"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, as in most other eastern countries, the government has played an important role in agriculture since the end of World War II.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government has concentrated on mitigating social, regional, economic, and even environmental consequences of the sector's decline, as well as delaying the decline itself.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_policy" title="Agricultural policy">Agricultural policy</a> has been carried out with different objectives and with different laws and policies depending on the times.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at the early post-war years, the most important objectives were survival and <a href="/wiki/Self-sufficiency" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-sufficiency">self-sufficiency</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a poor country, Austria needed to be able to feed itself if its population was to survive.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the 1950s, however, the policy was changing to a more global perspective, while keeping intact the traditional <a href="/w/index.php?title=Farm_economy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farm economy (page does not exist)">farm economy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government wanted to protect <a href="/w/index.php?title=Domestic_production&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Domestic production (page does not exist)">domestic production</a>, stabilize agricultural markets, protect farmers' incomes, and improve the sector's ability to compete in Austria and abroad.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Increasingly, the government began to believe in the importance of maintaining rural society as an objective in its own right, for social reasons, and to protect the environment and encourage <a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">tourism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of these aims, agricultural policy, more than any other <a href="/wiki/Economic_policy" title="Economic policy">economic policy</a>, reflects a mixture of economic and noneconomic objectives and concerns.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The principal aim, however, is to preserve the existing number of <a href="/wiki/Farm" title="Farm">farms</a> as much as possible.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Within the structure of the <a href="/wiki/Social_partnership" class="mw-redirect" title="Social partnership">social partnership</a>, various organizations work to maintain farm incomes and thus farm existence, among them the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grain_Board&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grain Board (page does not exist)">Grain Board</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Dairy_Board" class="mw-redirect" title="Dairy Board">Dairy Board</a>, and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Livestock_and_Meat_Commission&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Livestock and Meat Commission (page does not exist)">Livestock and Meat Commission</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These organizations set basic support prices, taking into account domestic costs and local <a href="/wiki/Supply_and_demand" title="Supply and demand">supply and demand</a>, with only weak linkages to world <a href="/wiki/Market_price" class="mw-redirect" title="Market price">market prices</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The boards and commission use a variety of measures to achieve their broad purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among these measures are <a href="/wiki/Import_restriction" class="mw-redirect" title="Import restriction">import restrictions</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Border_control" title="Border control">border controls</a> and entry controls—some of which may be bilaterally negotiated—and variable import duties.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If import restrictions are not sufficient to maintain prices because of excess production, the <a href="/wiki/Economic_surplus" title="Economic surplus">surplus</a> is exported at subsidized prices (with the <a href="/wiki/Subsidies" class="mw-redirect" title="Subsidies">subsidies</a> usually coming from federal or provincial authorities).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Authorities also apply <a href="/wiki/Production_control" title="Production control">production controls</a>, such as sales quotas or limits, on the size and density of <a href="/wiki/Livestock" title="Livestock">livestock</a> holdings.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Quotas exist for many different products, with the quotas usually fixed on the basis of past production.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Price and quality controls and limits also exist, especially with respect to different prices for different grades of <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a> or <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">milk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The government can also pay direct income supplements, but these payments are generally restricted to certain <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mountain_farming&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mountain farming (page does not exist)">mountain farming</a> zones and other equally disadvantaged areas.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsidies are mainly paid by the <a href="/wiki/Federal_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal government">federal government</a> but may in some instances be paid by provincial governments.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because of the complex system of price supports and <a href="/wiki/Market_access" title="Market access">market access</a> limitations, the exact share of subsidy costs to the government and to consumers is virtually impossible to calculate.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Experts estimate that the total cost to the federal and other governments for agricultural and <a href="/wiki/Forestry" title="Forestry">forestry</a> support during the late 1980s was approximately S16 billion a year, a level that would have been roughly at the same level as that of many other <a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development">Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development</a> (OECD) governments but slightly higher than the <a href="/wiki/European_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="European Community">EC</a> average.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The economic research institute <a href="/wiki/%C3%96sterreichisches_Institut_f%C3%BCr_Wirtschaftsforschung" class="mw-redirect" title="Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung">Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung</a> (WIFO) estimated after a major 1989 study that about 71 percent of the cost of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Agricultural_support&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agricultural support (page does not exist)">agricultural support</a> was borne by consumers in the form of higher prices, with the taxpayers carrying the remaining 29 percent through such different programs as direct and indirect federal and provincial subsidies or various kinds of <a href="/wiki/Market_regulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Market regulation">market regulation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure_of_agriculture">Structure of agriculture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Austria&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Structure of agriculture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite the government's efforts to sustain agriculture, not one province had as much as 10 percent of the population involved in agriculture and forestry by 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the beginning of the 1970s, all but two provinces (<a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vorarlberg" title="Vorarlberg">Vorarlberg</a>) had more than 10 percent of their populations involved in farming.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This contrasted markedly to the situation in 1934, when all but those same two provinces had more than 30 percent of their populations working in agriculture.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over this period of two generations, the decline in the Austrian farm population was as fast as any in the Western world.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of the early 1990s, of Austria's total area of almost 84,000 square kilometers, about 67,000 square kilometers was used for farming and forestry.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roughly half of that area was <a href="/wiki/Forest" title="Forest">forest</a>, and the remainder was <a href="/wiki/Arable_land" title="Arable land">arable land</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pasture" title="Pasture">pasture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Agriculture and forestry accounted for about 280,000 enterprises in 1986, with the average holding being about twenty-three hectares.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were about 4,500 corporate farms.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Beyond those farms, however, only a third of all farmers were full-time farmers or farming companies.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over half the farming enterprises were smaller than ten hectares; nearly 40 percent were smaller than five hectares.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Just as the number of farmers has long been in decline, so also has been the number of farms.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Family_labor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Family labor (page does not exist)">Family labor</a> predominates, especially in mountainous areas and on smaller farms.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only a third of all farm and forestry enterprises were classified as full-time occupations in 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A full half of these enterprises are spare-time, that is, less than half of household labor is devoted to farming or forestry.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remainder are part-time.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Farms up to ten hectares are more often tended by part-time and spare-time farmers rather than by full-time farmers.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For most farm owners and workers, nonfarm income is as important, if not more important, than farm income.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite the decline in the number of farmers and agriculture's share of GDP since 1960, agricultural output has risen.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of the early 1990s, Austria was self-sufficient in all <a href="/wiki/Cereal" title="Cereal">cereals</a> and <a href="/wiki/Milk_product" class="mw-redirect" title="Milk product">milk products</a> as well as in <a href="/wiki/Red_meat" title="Red meat">red meat</a>. This gain was achieved because of the considerable gains in agricultural <a href="/wiki/Labor_productivity" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor productivity">labor productivity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The value of agricultural and forestry output is heavily concentrated in <a href="/wiki/Field_crop" class="mw-redirect" title="Field crop">field crops</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meat" title="Meat">meat</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dairy_product" title="Dairy product">dairy products</a>, with most of it coming from <a href="/wiki/Animal_husbandry" title="Animal husbandry">animal husbandry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because large parts of Austria are mountainous, only the lowland areas of eastern Austria and some smaller flat portions of western and northern Austria are suitable for crop production and more intensive forms of animal husbandry.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The remainder of the land is used for forestry and less intensive animal husbandry, most of which takes advantage of mountain <a href="/wiki/Pasturage" class="mw-redirect" title="Pasturage">pasturage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Austria&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-26"><sup><i><b>aa</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-27"><sup><i><b>ab</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-28"><sup><i><b>ac</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-29"><sup><i><b>ad</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-30"><sup><i><b>ae</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-31"><sup><i><b>af</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-32"><sup><i><b>ag</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-33"><sup><i><b>ah</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-34"><sup><i><b>ai</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-35"><sup><i><b>aj</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-36"><sup><i><b>ak</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-37"><sup><i><b>al</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-38"><sup><i><b>am</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-39"><sup><i><b>an</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-40"><sup><i><b>ao</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-41"><sup><i><b>ap</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-42"><sup><i><b>aq</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-43"><sup><i><b>ar</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-44"><sup><i><b>as</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-45"><sup><i><b>at</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-46"><sup><i><b>au</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSmyser1994" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Smyser, W.R. (1994). "The Agricultural Sector". In Solsten, Eric; McClave, David E. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/item/94021665/"><i>Austria: a country study</i></a> (2nd ed.). Washington, D.C.: <a href="/wiki/Federal_Research_Division" title="Federal Research Division">Federal Research Division</a>, <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>. pp. 143–146. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8444-0829-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8444-0829-8"><bdi>0-8444-0829-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/30664988">30664988</a>. <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Agricultural+Sector&rft.btitle=Austria%3A+a+country+study&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pages=143-146&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Federal+Research+Division%2C+Library+of+Congress&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F30664988&rft.isbn=0-8444-0829-8&rft.aulast=Smyser&rft.aufirst=W.R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loc.gov%2Fitem%2F94021665%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAgriculture+in+Austria" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_encyclopedia" title="Template:Cite encyclopedia">cite encyclopedia</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: postscript (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_postscript" title="Category:CS1 maint: postscript">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statistik.at/en/statistics/agriculture-and-forestry/agricultural-and-forestry-economy-and-prices/economic-accounts-for-agriculture/economic-accounts-for-agriculture-at-national-level">"Output value of the agricultural industry 2018–2022 (at current basic prices) – in million Euro (table)"</a>. <i>Statistics Austria</i>.</cite><span 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hallstatt_culture" title="Hallstatt culture">Hallstatt culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Noricum" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Noricum">Kingdom of Noricum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Era</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Noricum" title="Noricum">Noricum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannonia" title="Pannonia">Pannonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raetia" title="Raetia">Raetia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_peoples" title="Germanic peoples">Germanic tribes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rugiland" title="Rugiland">Rugiland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostrogothic_Kingdom" title="Ostrogothic Kingdom">Ostrogothic Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Francia" title="East Francia">East Francia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Austria" title="Margraviate of Austria">Margraviate of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Austria" title="Duchy of Austria">Duchy of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archduchy_of_Austria" title="Archduchy of Austria">Archduchy of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habsburg_monarchy" title="Habsburg monarchy">Habsburg monarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Vienna_(1529)" title="Siege of Vienna (1529)">Siege of Vienna (1529)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Empire" title="Austrian Empire">Austrian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_Constitution_(Austria)" title="March Constitution (Austria)">March Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Vienna" title="Congress of Vienna">Congress of Vienna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austria-Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_German-Austria" title="Republic of German-Austria">German Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Austrian_Republic" title="First Austrian Republic">First Austrian Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Civil_War" title="Austrian Civil War">Austrian Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_State_of_Austria" title="Federal State of Austria">Federal State of Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrofascism" class="mw-redirect" title="Austrofascism">Austrofascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anschluss" title="Anschluss">Anschluss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostmark_(Austria)" title="Ostmark (Austria)">Ostmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allied-occupied_Austria" title="Allied-occupied Austria">Allied-administered Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Vienna" title="History of Vienna">History of Vienna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Austria" title="Military history of Austria">Military history of Austria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Austria" title="Geography of Austria">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Federal_states_of_Austria" title="Federal states of Austria">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alps_conifer_and_mixed_forests" title="Alps conifer and mixed forests">Alps conifer and mixed forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Austria" title="List of cities and towns in Austria">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Austria" title="Districts of Austria">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ecoregions_in_Austria" title="List of ecoregions in Austria">Ecoregions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Austria" title="List of lakes of Austria">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_highest_mountains_of_Austria" title="List of highest mountains of Austria">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannonian_mixed_forests" title="Pannonian mixed forests">Pannonian mixed forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Austria" title="List of rivers of Austria">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/States_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="States of Austria">States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_European_broadleaf_forests" title="Western European broadleaf forests">Western European broadleaf forests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Austria" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Austria">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Austria" title="Politics of Austria">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Austria" title="Climate change in Austria">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Austria" title="Constitution of Austria">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Austria" title="Elections in Austria">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Austria" title="Foreign relations of Austria">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Austria" title="Government of Austria">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Austria" title="Human rights in Austria">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Austria" title="Law of Austria">Law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Austria" title="Law enforcement in Austria">enforcement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Austria">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Austria" title="Judiciary of Austria">Legal system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Armed_Forces" title="Austrian Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Parliament" title="Austrian Parliament">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Austria" title="List of political parties in Austria">Political parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Austria" title="Economy of Austria">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Austria" title="Banking in Austria">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Austria" title="List of companies of Austria">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Austria" title="Energy in Austria">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mining_in_Austria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mining in Austria (page does not exist)">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Austria" title="Taxation in Austria">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Austria" title="Telecommunications in Austria">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Austria" title="Tourism in Austria">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Austria" title="Transport in Austria">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Austria" title="Category:Society of Austria">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Austria" title="Abortion in Austria">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrians" title="Austrians">Austrian people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Austria" title="Crime in Austria">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Austria" title="Demographics of Austria">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Austria" title="Education in Austria">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Austria" title="Demographics of Austria">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Austria" title="Healthcare in Austria">Health care</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Austria" title="Languages of Austria">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornography_in_Austria" title="Pornography in Austria">Pornography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Austria" title="Prostitution in Austria">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Austria" title="Religion in Austria">Religion</a> (<a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_religion_in_Austria" title="Freedom of religion in Austria">freedom of religion</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Austria" title="Women in Austria">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Austria" title="Culture of Austria">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Architecture of Austria">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Austria" title="Cinema of Austria">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Austria" title="Coat of arms of Austria">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_cuisine" title="Austrian cuisine">Cuisine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Austrian_wine" title="Austrian wine">wine</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Austria" title="Flag of Austria">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_literature" title="Austrian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Media of Austria">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Austria" title="List of museums in Austria">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Austria" title="Music of Austria">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_anthem_of_Austria" title="National anthem of Austria">National anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Austria" title="Public holidays in Austria">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Austria" title="Sport in Austria">Sport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Austria" title="Outline of Austria">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Austria" title="Outline of Austria">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Austria" title="Category:Austria">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Austria" title="Portal:Austria">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Agriculture_in_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Europe_topic" title="Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Europe_topic" title="Template talk:Europe topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Europe_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Europe topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Agriculture_in_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Agriculture in Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Albania" title="Agriculture in Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Andorra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Andorra (page does not exist)">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Armenia" title="Agriculture in Armenia">Armenia</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Azerbaijan" title="Agriculture in Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Belarus" title="Agriculture in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Belgium" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Bulgaria" title="Agriculture in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Croatia" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Cyprus" title="Agriculture in Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_the_Czech_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in the Czech Republic (page does not exist)">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Estonia" title="Agriculture in Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Finland" title="Agriculture in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Georgia_(country)" title="Agriculture in Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Germany" title="Agriculture in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Greece" title="Agriculture in Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Hungary" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Iceland" title="Agriculture in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Italy" title="Agriculture in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Kazakhstan" title="Agriculture in Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Latvia" title="Agriculture in Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Liechtenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Liechtenstein (page does not exist)">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Lithuania" title="Agriculture in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Luxembourg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Luxembourg (page does not exist)">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Malta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Malta (page does not exist)">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Moldova" title="Agriculture in Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Monaco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Monaco (page does not exist)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_North_Macedonia" title="Agriculture in North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Poland" title="Agriculture in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Portugal" title="Agriculture in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Romania" title="Agriculture in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Russia" title="Agriculture in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_San_Marino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in San Marino (page does not exist)">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Serbia" title="Agriculture in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Slovakia" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Slovenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Spain" title="Agriculture in Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Sweden" title="Agriculture in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Switzerland" title="Agriculture in Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Turkey" title="Agriculture in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Agriculture in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with limited<br />recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Abkhazia (page does not exist)">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Kosovo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Kosovo (page does not exist)">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Northern_Cyprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Northern Cyprus (page does not exist)">Northern Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_South_Ossetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in South Ossetia (page does not exist)">South Ossetia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Transnistria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Transnistria (page does not exist)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies and<br />other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_%C3%85land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Åland (page does not exist)">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_the_Faroe_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in the Faroe Islands (page does not exist)">Faroe Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Gibraltar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Gibraltar (page does not exist)">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Guernsey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Guernsey (page does not exist)">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_the_Isle_of_Man&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in the Isle of Man (page does not exist)">Isle of Man</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculture_in_Jersey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculture in Jersey (page does not exist)">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Svalbard" title="Agriculture in Svalbard">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Agriculture in the European Union">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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