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<span>Hand-powered</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hand-powered-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mechanically_powered" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mechanically_powered"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Mechanically powered</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mechanically_powered-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Associated_tools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associated_tools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Associated tools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associated_tools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Physics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Physics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Physics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Physics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Physics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-As_a_force_amplifier" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#As_a_force_amplifier"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>As a force amplifier</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-As_a_force_amplifier-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Effect_of_the_head's_mass" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Effect_of_the_head's_mass"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Effect of the head's mass</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Effect_of_the_head's_mass-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Effect_of_the_handle" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Effect_of_the_handle"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Effect of the handle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Effect_of_the_handle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Effect_of_gravity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Effect_of_gravity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Effect of gravity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Effect_of_gravity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ergonomics_and_injury_risks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ergonomics_and_injury_risks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ergonomics and injury risks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ergonomics_and_injury_risks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-War_hammers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#War_hammers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>War hammers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-War_hammers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Symbolism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Symbolism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Symbolism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Symbolism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Image_gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Image_gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Image gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Image_gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hammer</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 126 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-126" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">126 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamer" title="Hamer – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Hamer" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%8B%B6%E1%88%BB" title="መዶሻ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="መዶሻ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamor" title="Hamor – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Hamor" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A9" title="مطرقة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مطرقة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martiello" title="Martiello – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Martiello" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%AA%DC%99%DC%A6%DC%AC%DC%90" title="ܐܪܙܦܬܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܪܙܦܬܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martiellu" title="Martiellu – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Martiellu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%C9%99kic" title="Çəkic – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Çəkic" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%AC" title="چکیج – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="چکیج" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BF" title="হাতুড়ি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হাতুড়ি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tukul" title="Tukul – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Tukul" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B2ng-th%C3%BBi-%C3%A1" title="Kòng-thûi-á – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kòng-thûi-á" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Малаток – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Малаток" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Молат – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Молат" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dongsol" title="Dongsol – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Dongsol" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamer" title="Hamer – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Hamer" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Чук – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Чук" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Ceki%C4%87" title="Čekić – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Čekić" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morzhol" title="Morzhol – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Morzhol" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martell_(eina)" title="Martell (eina) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Martell (eina)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%C4%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA" title="Мăлатук – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Мăлатук" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kladivo" title="Kladivo – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kladivo" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyundo" title="Nyundo – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Nyundo" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morthwyl" title="Morthwyl – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Morthwyl" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammer" title="Hammer – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hammer" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammer" title="Hammer – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hammer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasar" title="Vasar – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Vasar" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%86%CF%85%CF%81%CE%AF" title="Σφυρί – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σφυρί" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martillo" title="Martillo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Martillo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martelo" title="Martelo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Martelo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mailu" title="Mailu – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mailu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DA%A9%D8%B4" title="چکش – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="چکش" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marteau_(outil)" title="Marteau (outil) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Marteau (outil)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cas%C3%BAr" title="Casúr – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Casúr" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martelo" title="Martelo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Martelo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Гон – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Гон" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DA%A9%DA%A9%DB%8A%D8%B4" title="چککۊش – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="چککۊش" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%9D%EC%B9%98" title="망치 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="망치" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%B3" title="Մուրճ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մուրճ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE" title="हथौड़ा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हथौड़ा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Ceki%C4%87" title="Čekić – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Čekić" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martelo" title="Martelo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Martelo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palu" title="Palu – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Palu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamar_(verkf%C3%A6ri)" title="Hamar (verkfæri) – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hamar (verkfæri)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martello" title="Martello – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Martello" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A9" title="פטיש – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פטיש" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palu" title="Palu – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Palu" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%86" title="ಸುತ್ತಿಗೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸುತ್ತಿಗೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martiliu" title="Martiliu – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Martiliu" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D2%93%D0%B0_(%D2%9B%D2%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB)" title="Балға (құрал) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Балға (құрал)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyundo" title="Nyundo – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Nyundo" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mato" title="Mato – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Mato" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tev%C5%9Fo" title="Tevşo – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Tevşo" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Балка – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Балка" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malleus" title="Malleus – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Malleus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%80murs" title="Āmurs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Āmurs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hummer_(Handwierksgeschier)" title="Hummer (Handwierksgeschier) – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Hummer (Handwierksgeschier)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaktukas" title="Plaktukas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Plaktukas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martel" title="Martel – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Martel" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pal%E2%80%99l%E2%80%99aine" title="Pal’l’aine – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Pal’l’aine" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martel_(arnes)" title="Martel (arnes) – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Martel (arnes)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalap%C3%A1cs_(szersz%C3%A1m)" title="Kalapács (szerszám) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kalapács (szerszám)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Чекан – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Чекан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tantanana" title="Tantanana – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tantanana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95" title="ചുറ്റിക – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ചുറ്റിക" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BE" title="हातोडा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हातोडा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B4" title="شاكوش – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شاكوش" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tukul" title="Tukul – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tukul" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Palu" title="Kota Palu – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kota Palu" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%85" title="Алх – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Алх" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%B0(%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AD%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC)" title="တူ(ကိရိယာ) – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တူ(ကိရိယာ)" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamer_(gereedschap)" title="Hamer (gereedschap) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Hamer (gereedschap)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%83" title="मुगः – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="मुगः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A7%8C" title="槌 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="槌" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6%C3%B6merk" title="Höömerk – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Höömerk" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammer" title="Hammer – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hammer" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammar" title="Hammar – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hammar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart%C3%A9" title="Marté – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Marté" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mart%C3%A8l_(espleit)" title="Martèl (espleit) – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Martèl (espleit)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolg%CA%BBa" title="Bolgʻa – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bolgʻa" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%A5%E0%A9%8C%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%BE" title="ਹਥੌੜਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹਥੌੜਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%AA%DA%BE%D9%88%DA%91%D8%A7" title="ہتھوڑا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہتھوڑا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%85%D9%BC%DA%A9" title="څټک – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="څټک" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamer" title="Hamer – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Hamer" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%82otek" title="Młotek – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Młotek" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martelo" title="Martelo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Martelo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciocan" title="Ciocan – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ciocan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takana" title="Takana – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Takana" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%87" title="Клепач – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Клепач" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Молоток – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Молоток" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%A8%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%B9%D1%8D" title="Өтүйэ – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Өтүйэ" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/samukun" title="samukun – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="samukun" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱥᱤ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱠᱩᱴᱟᱹᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haimer" title="Haimer – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Haimer" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoomer" title="Hoomer – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Hoomer" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87ekani" title="Çekani – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Çekani" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marteddu" title="Marteddu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Marteddu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammer" title="Hammer – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Hammer" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%D9%BF%D9%88%DA%99%D9%8A" title="ھٿوڙي – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ھٿوڙي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kladivo_(n%C3%A1stroj)" title="Kladivo (nástroj) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kladivo (nástroj)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kladivo" title="Kladivo – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kladivo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burris" title="Burris – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Burris" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DB%95%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B4" title="چەکوش – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="چەکوش" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%9B" title="Чекић – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Чекић" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Ceki%C4%87" title="Čekić – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Čekić" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palu" title="Palu – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Palu" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasara" title="Vasara – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Vasara" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hammare" title="Hammare – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hammare" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martilyo" title="Martilyo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Martilyo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="சுத்தியல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சுத்தியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BF" title="సుత్తి – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సుత్తి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99" title="ค้อน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ค้อน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%88" title="Чакуш – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Чакуш" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B4hohko" title="Tôhohko – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Tôhohko" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87eki%C3%A7" title="Çekiç – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Çekiç" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Молоток – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Молоток" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7" title="بولقا – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بولقا" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BAa" title="Búa – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Búa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6g" title="Fög – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Fög" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oamer" title="Oamer – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Oamer" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martilyo" title="Martilyo – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Martilyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A6%94%E5%A4%B4" title="榔头 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="榔头" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Tool</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the tool. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Hammer_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Hammer (disambiguation)">Hammer (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Claw-hammer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Claw-hammer.jpg/290px-Claw-hammer.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Claw-hammer.jpg/435px-Claw-hammer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Claw-hammer.jpg/580px-Claw-hammer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4240" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>A modern <a href="/wiki/Claw_hammer" title="Claw hammer">claw hammer</a> suited to drive and remove <a href="/wiki/Nail_(fastener)" title="Nail (fastener)">nails</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cartwheel_mallets.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Cartwheel_mallets.JPG/220px-Cartwheel_mallets.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Cartwheel_mallets.JPG/330px-Cartwheel_mallets.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Cartwheel_mallets.JPG/440px-Cartwheel_mallets.JPG 2x" data-file-width="478" data-file-height="168" /></a><figcaption>Cartwheel <a href="/wiki/Mallet" title="Mallet">mallets</a> with heads of felt held between steel washers for use with <a href="/wiki/Timpani" title="Timpani">timpani</a> drums</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OHM_-_Streithammer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/OHM_-_Streithammer.jpg/220px-OHM_-_Streithammer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/OHM_-_Streithammer.jpg/330px-OHM_-_Streithammer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/OHM_-_Streithammer.jpg/440px-OHM_-_Streithammer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption>Detail of the head of a <a href="/wiki/War_hammer" title="War hammer">war hammer</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Turonian_Jerusalem_Stone_031612.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Turonian_Jerusalem_Stone_031612.JPG/220px-Turonian_Jerusalem_Stone_031612.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Turonian_Jerusalem_Stone_031612.JPG/330px-Turonian_Jerusalem_Stone_031612.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Turonian_Jerusalem_Stone_031612.JPG/440px-Turonian_Jerusalem_Stone_031612.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3647" data-file-height="2502" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Geologist%27s_hammer" title="Geologist's hammer">geologist's hammer</a> used to break up rocks, as seen in <a href="/wiki/Archaeology" title="Archaeology">archaeology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prospecting" title="Prospecting">prospecting</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>hammer</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Tool" title="Tool">tool</a>, most often a <a href="/wiki/Hand_tool" title="Hand tool">hand tool</a>, consisting of a weighted "head" fixed to a long handle that is swung to deliver an impact to a small area of an object. This can be, for example, to drive <a href="/wiki/Nail_(fastener)" title="Nail (fastener)">nails</a> into <a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">wood</a>, to shape <a href="/wiki/Metal" title="Metal">metal</a> (as with a <a href="/wiki/Forge" title="Forge">forge</a>), or to crush <a href="/wiki/Rock_(geology)" title="Rock (geology)">rock</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-claw_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-claw-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hammers are used for a wide range of driving, shaping, breaking and non-destructive striking applications. Traditional disciplines include <a href="/wiki/Carpentry" title="Carpentry">carpentry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blacksmithing" class="mw-redirect" title="Blacksmithing">blacksmithing</a>, <a href="/wiki/War_hammer" title="War hammer">warfare</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mallet_percussion" class="mw-redirect" title="Mallet percussion">percussive</a> musicianship (as with a <a href="/wiki/Gong" title="Gong">gong</a>). </p><p><b>Hammering</b> is use of a hammer in its strike capacity, as opposed to <a href="/wiki/Pry_bar" class="mw-redirect" title="Pry bar">prying</a> with a secondary claw or <a href="/wiki/Grappling" title="Grappling">grappling</a> with a secondary hook. Carpentry and blacksmithing hammers are generally wielded from a stationary stance against a stationary target as gripped and propelled with one <a href="/wiki/Arm" title="Arm">arm</a>, in a lengthy downward <a href="/wiki/Plane_(geometry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Plane (geometry)">planar</a> arc—downward to add <a href="/wiki/Kinetic_energy" title="Kinetic energy">kinetic energy</a> to the impact—pivoting mainly around the shoulder and elbow, with a small but brisk wrist rotation shortly before impact; for extreme impact, concurrent motions of the <a href="/wiki/Torso" title="Torso">torso</a> and knee can lower the shoulder joint during the swing to further increase the length of the swing arc (but this is tiring). War hammers are often wielded in non-vertical planes of motion, with a far greater share of energy input provided from the legs and hips, which can also include a lunging motion, especially against moving targets. Small mallets can be swung from the wrists in a smaller motion permitting a much higher cadence of repeated strikes. Use of hammers and heavy mallets for <a href="/wiki/Demolition" title="Demolition">demolition</a> must adapt the hammer stroke to the location and orientation of the target, which can necessitate a <a href="/wiki/Club_(weapon)" title="Club (weapon)">clubbing</a> or <a href="/wiki/Golf_swing" title="Golf swing">golfing</a> motion with a two-handed grip. </p><p>The modern hammer head is typically made of <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a> which has been <a href="/wiki/Heat_treating" title="Heat treating">heat treated</a> for hardness, and the handle (also known as a <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/haft#Noun" class="extiw" title="wikt:haft">haft</a> or <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/helve#Noun" class="extiw" title="wikt:helve">helve</a>) is typically made of wood or <a href="/wiki/Plastic" title="Plastic">plastic</a>. </p><p>Ubiquitous in <a href="/wiki/Framing_(construction)" title="Framing (construction)">framing</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Claw_hammer" title="Claw hammer">claw hammer</a> has a "claw" to pull nails out of wood, and is commonly found in an inventory of household tools in <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>. Other types of hammers vary in shape, size, and structure, depending on their purposes. Hammers used in many <a href="/wiki/Tradesman" class="mw-redirect" title="Tradesman">trades</a> include <a href="/wiki/Sledgehammer" title="Sledgehammer">sledgehammers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mallet" title="Mallet">mallets</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ball-peen_hammer" title="Ball-peen hammer">ball-peen hammers</a>. Although most hammers are hand tools, <a href="/wiki/Power_hammer" title="Power hammer">powered hammers</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Steam_hammer" title="Steam hammer">steam hammers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Trip_hammer" title="Trip hammer">trip hammers</a>, are used to deliver <a href="/wiki/Force" title="Force">forces</a> beyond the capacity of the human arm. There are over 40 different types of hammers that have many different types of uses.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For hand hammers, the grip of the shaft is an important consideration. Many forms of hammering by hand are heavy work, and <a href="/wiki/Perspiration" title="Perspiration">perspiration</a> can lead to slippage from the hand, turning a hammer into a dangerous or destructive uncontrolled projectile. Steel is highly <a href="/wiki/Elasticity_(physics)" title="Elasticity (physics)">elastic</a> and transmits <a href="/wiki/Shock_(mechanics)" title="Shock (mechanics)">shock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vibration" title="Vibration">vibration</a>; steel is also a good conductor of heat, making it unsuitable for contact with bare skin in frigid conditions. Modern hammers with steel shafts are almost invariably clad with a synthetic polymer to improve grip, <a href="/wiki/Damped_vibration" class="mw-redirect" title="Damped vibration">dampen vibration</a>, and to provide <a href="/wiki/Thermal_insulation" title="Thermal insulation">thermal insulation</a>. A suitably contoured handle is also an important aid in providing a secure grip during heavy use. Traditional wooden handles were reasonably good in all regards, but lack strength and durability compared to steel, and there are safety issues with wooden handles if the head becomes loose on the shaft. </p><p>The high elasticity of the steel head is important in energy transfer, especially when used in conjunction with an equally elastic <a href="/wiki/Anvil" title="Anvil">anvil</a>. </p><p>In terms of <a href="/wiki/Human_physiology" class="mw-redirect" title="Human physiology">human physiology</a>, many uses of the hammer involve coordinated <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_movement" title="Ballistic movement">ballistic movements</a> under intense muscular forces which must be planned in advance at the <a href="/wiki/Motor_system" title="Motor system">neuromuscular level</a>, as they occur too rapidly for conscious adjustment in flight. For this reason, accurate striking at speed requires more practice than a tapping movement to the same target area. It has been suggested that the cognitive demands for pre-planning, sequencing and accurate timing associated with the related ballistic movements of <a href="/wiki/Throwing" title="Throwing">throwing</a>, clubbing, and hammering precipitated aspects of <a href="/wiki/Brain_evolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Brain evolution">brain evolution</a> in early <a href="/wiki/Hominid" class="mw-redirect" title="Hominid">hominids</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Calvin2004_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Calvin2004-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <p>The use of simple hammers dates to around 3.3 million years ago according to the 2012 find made by <a href="/wiki/Sonia_Harmand" title="Sonia Harmand">Sonia Harmand</a> and Jason Lewis of <a href="/wiki/Stony_Brook_University" title="Stony Brook University">Stony Brook University</a>, who while excavating a site near <a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Lake_Turkana" title="Lake Turkana">Lake Turkana</a> discovered a very large deposit of various shaped stones including those used to strike <a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">wood</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bone" title="Bone">bone</a>, or other stones to break them apart and shape them.<sup id="cite_ref-SA_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first hammers were made without handles. Stones attached to sticks with strips of <a href="/wiki/Leather" title="Leather">leather</a> or <a href="/wiki/Tendon" title="Tendon">animal sinew</a> were being used as hammers with handles by about 30,000 BCE during the middle of the <a href="/wiki/Paleolithic" title="Paleolithic">Paleolithic Stone Age</a>. The addition of a handle gave the user better control and less accidents. The hammer became the primary tool used for building, food, and protection.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The hammer's archaeological record shows that it may be the oldest tool for which definite evidence exists.<sup id="cite_ref-SA_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SA-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:StoneHammerDoverMN.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="A stone hammer found in Dover Township, Minnesota dated to 8000–3000 BCE, the North American Archaic period"><img alt="A stone hammer found in Dover Township, Minnesota dated to 8000–3000 BCE, the North American Archaic period" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/StoneHammerDoverMN.JPG/120px-StoneHammerDoverMN.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/StoneHammerDoverMN.JPG/180px-StoneHammerDoverMN.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/StoneHammerDoverMN.JPG/240px-StoneHammerDoverMN.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3403" data-file-height="2218" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A stone hammer found in <a href="/wiki/Dover_Township,_Olmsted_County,_Minnesota" title="Dover Township, Olmsted County, Minnesota">Dover Township, Minnesota</a> dated to 8000–3000 BCE, the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Archaic_period" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Archaic period">North American Archaic period</a> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer_stone_tapping.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Stone tapping hammer"><img alt="Stone tapping hammer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hammer_stone_tapping.jpg/120px-Hammer_stone_tapping.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hammer_stone_tapping.jpg/180px-Hammer_stone_tapping.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hammer_stone_tapping.jpg/240px-Hammer_stone_tapping.jpg 2x" data-file-width="542" data-file-height="236" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Stone tapping hammer</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer_stone_head.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Perforated hammer head of stone"><img alt="Perforated hammer head of stone" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Hammer_stone_head.jpg/102px-Hammer_stone_head.jpg" decoding="async" width="102" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Hammer_stone_head.jpg/153px-Hammer_stone_head.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Hammer_stone_head.jpg/205px-Hammer_stone_head.jpg 2x" data-file-width="488" data-file-height="572" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Perforated hammer head of stone</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sacrificial_hammer_Dodona_Louvre_Br1183_n2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ancient Greek bronze sacrificial hammer, 7th century BCE, from Dodona"><img alt="Ancient Greek bronze sacrificial hammer, 7th century BCE, from Dodona" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Sacrificial_hammer_Dodona_Louvre_Br1183_n2.jpg/80px-Sacrificial_hammer_Dodona_Louvre_Br1183_n2.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Sacrificial_hammer_Dodona_Louvre_Br1183_n2.jpg/120px-Sacrificial_hammer_Dodona_Louvre_Br1183_n2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Sacrificial_hammer_Dodona_Louvre_Br1183_n2.jpg/160px-Sacrificial_hammer_Dodona_Louvre_Br1183_n2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1456" data-file-height="2184" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ancient Greek bronze sacrificial hammer, 7th century BCE, from <a href="/wiki/Dodona" title="Dodona">Dodona</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Melencolia_I_(Durero)_hammer_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="16th-century claw hammer; detail from Dürer's Melencolia I (c. 1514)"><img alt="16th-century claw hammer; detail from Dürer's Melencolia I (c. 1514)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Melencolia_I_%28Durero%29_hammer_crop.jpg/114px-Melencolia_I_%28Durero%29_hammer_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Melencolia_I_%28Durero%29_hammer_crop.jpg/171px-Melencolia_I_%28Durero%29_hammer_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Melencolia_I_%28Durero%29_hammer_crop.jpg/228px-Melencolia_I_%28Durero%29_hammer_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="422" data-file-height="445" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">16th-century claw hammer; detail from <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_D%C3%BCrer" title="Albrecht Dürer">Dürer</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Melencolia_I" title="Melencolia I">Melencolia I</a></i> (c. 1514)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Construction_and_materials">Construction and materials</h2></div> <p>A traditional hand-held hammer consists of a separate head and a handle, which can be fastened together by means of a special <a href="/wiki/Wedge" title="Wedge">wedge</a> made for the purpose, or by <a href="/wiki/Adhesive" title="Adhesive">glue</a>, or both. This two-piece design is often used to combine a dense metallic striking head with a non-metallic mechanical-shock-absorbing handle (to reduce <a href="/wiki/Muscle_fatigue" title="Muscle fatigue">user fatigue</a> from repeated strikes). If wood is used for the handle, it is often <a href="/wiki/Hickory" title="Hickory">hickory</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ash_(tree)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ash (tree)">ash</a>, which are tough and long-lasting materials that can dissipate <a href="/wiki/Shock_wave" title="Shock wave">shock waves</a> from the hammer head.<sup id="cite_ref-claw_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-claw-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rigid <a href="/wiki/Fiberglass" title="Fiberglass">fiberglass resin</a> may be used for the handle; this material does not absorb water or decay but does not dissipate shock as well as wood. </p><p>A loose hammer head is considered hazardous due to the risk of the head becoming detached from the handle while being swung becoming a dangerous uncontrolled projectile. Wooden handles can often be replaced when worn or damaged; specialized kits are available covering a range of handle sizes and designs, plus special wedges and spacers for secure attachment. </p><p>Some hammers are one-piece designs made mostly of a single material. A one-piece metallic hammer may optionally have its handle coated or wrapped in a <a href="/wiki/Resilience_(engineering_and_construction)" title="Resilience (engineering and construction)">resilient</a> material such as <a href="/wiki/Elastomer" title="Elastomer">rubber</a> for improved grip and to reduce user fatigue.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The hammer head may be surfaced with a variety of materials including <a href="/wiki/Brass" title="Brass">brass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a>, wood, plastic, rubber, or leather. Some hammers have interchangeable striking surfaces, which can be selected as needed or replaced when worn out. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Designs_and_variations">Designs and variations</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peen_hammers.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Peen_hammers.png/220px-Peen_hammers.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Peen_hammers.png/330px-Peen_hammers.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Peen_hammers.png/440px-Peen_hammers.png 2x" data-file-width="713" data-file-height="324" /></a><figcaption>The parts of a hammer are the <i>face</i>, <i>head</i> (includes the <i>bell</i> and <i>neck</i>, which are not labeled), <i>eye</i> (where the <i>handle</i> fits into), <i>peen</i> (also spelled pein and pane). The side of a hammer is the <i>cheek</i> and some hammers have <i>straps</i> that extend down the handle for strength. Shown here are: A. Ball-peen hammer B. Straight-peen hammer C. Cross-peen hammer</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prying_up_a_long_nail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Prying_up_a_long_nail.jpg/170px-Prying_up_a_long_nail.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="230" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Prying_up_a_long_nail.jpg/255px-Prying_up_a_long_nail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Prying_up_a_long_nail.jpg/340px-Prying_up_a_long_nail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="381" data-file-height="516" /></a><figcaption>The claw of a carpenter's hammer is frequently used to remove nails.</figcaption></figure> <p>A large hammer-like tool is a <i>maul</i> (sometimes called a "beetle"), a wood- or rubber-headed hammer is a <i><a href="/wiki/Mallet" title="Mallet">mallet</a></i>, and a hammer-like tool with a cutting blade is usually called a <i><a href="/wiki/Hatchet" title="Hatchet">hatchet</a></i>. The essential part of a hammer is the head, a compact solid mass that is able to deliver a blow to the intended target without itself deforming. The impacting surface of the tool is usually flat or slightly rounded; the opposite end of the impacting mass may have a ball shape, as in the <a href="/wiki/Ball-peen_hammer" title="Ball-peen hammer">ball-peen hammer</a>. Some <a href="/wiki/Upholstery_hammer" title="Upholstery hammer">upholstery hammers</a> have a <a href="/wiki/Magnet" title="Magnet">magnetized</a> face, to pick up tacks. In the hatchet, the flat hammer head may be secondary to the cutting edge of the tool. </p><p>The impact between steel hammer heads and the objects being hit can create <a href="/wiki/Spark_(fire)" title="Spark (fire)">sparks</a>, which may ignite <a href="/wiki/Flammable" class="mw-redirect" title="Flammable">flammable</a> or <a href="/wiki/Explosive" title="Explosive">explosive</a> <a href="/wiki/Gas" title="Gas">gases</a>. These are a <a href="/wiki/Hazard" title="Hazard">hazard</a> in some industries such as <a href="/wiki/Underground_coal_mining" class="mw-redirect" title="Underground coal mining">underground coal mining</a> (due to the presence of <a href="/wiki/Methane" title="Methane">methane</a> gas), or in other hazardous environments such as <a href="/wiki/Petroleum_refineries" class="mw-redirect" title="Petroleum refineries">petroleum refineries</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chemical_plant" title="Chemical plant">chemical plants</a>. In these environments, a variety of non-sparking metal tools are used, primarily made of <a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">aluminium</a> or <a href="/wiki/Beryllium_copper" title="Beryllium copper">beryllium copper</a>. In recent years, the handles have been made of durable plastic or rubber, though wood is still widely used because of its shock-absorbing qualities and repairability. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hand-powered">Hand-powered</h3></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ball-peen_hammer" title="Ball-peen hammer">Ball-peen hammer</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-bs876_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bs876-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or mechanic's hammer</li> <li>Boiler scaling hammer<sup id="cite_ref-bs876_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bs876-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Brass hammer, also known as non-sparking hammer or spark-proof hammer and used mainly in flammable areas like oil fields</li> <li>Bricklayer's hammer</li> <li>Carpenter's hammer (used for nailing), such as the <a href="/wiki/Framing_hammer" title="Framing hammer">framing hammer</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Claw_hammer" title="Claw hammer">claw hammer</a>, and pinhammers (ball-peen and cross-peen types)<sup id="cite_ref-bs876_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bs876-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Cow hammer – sometimes used for <a href="/wiki/Animal_slaughter" title="Animal slaughter">livestock slaughter</a>, a practice now <a href="/wiki/Deprecation" title="Deprecation">deprecated</a> due to <a href="/wiki/Animal_cruelty" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal cruelty">animal welfare</a> objections<sup id="cite_ref-FAO_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FAO-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Cross-peen hammer,<sup id="cite_ref-bs876_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bs876-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> having one round face and one wedge-peen face.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dead_blow_hammer" class="mw-redirect" title="Dead blow hammer">Dead blow hammer</a> delivers impact with very little recoil, often due to a hollow head filled with sand, <a href="/wiki/Lead_shot" class="mw-redirect" title="Lead shot">lead shot</a> or pellets</li> <li>Demolition hammer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lump_hammer" class="mw-redirect" title="Lump hammer">Drilling hammer</a> – a short handled sledgehammer originally used for drilling in rock with a chisel. The name usually refers to a hammer with a 2-to-4-pound (0.91 to 1.81 kg) head and a 10-inch (250 mm) handle, also called a "single-jack" hammer because it was used by one person drilling, holding the chisel in one hand and the hammer in the other.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In modern usage, the term is mostly interchangeable with "engineer's hammer", although it can indicate a version with a slightly shorter handle.</li> <li>Engineer's hammer, a short-handled hammer, was originally an essential components of a <a href="/wiki/Railroad_engineer" class="mw-redirect" title="Railroad engineer">railroad engineer</a>'s toolkit for working on steam locomotives.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Typical weight is 2–4 lbs (0.9–1.8 kg) with a 12–14-inch (30–35 cm) handle. Originally these were often cross-peen hammers, with one round face and one wedge-peen face, but in modern usage the term primarily refers to hammers with two round faces.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavel" title="Gavel">Gavel</a>, used by judges and presiding authorities to draw attention</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geologist%27s_hammer" title="Geologist's hammer">Geologist's hammer</a> or rock pick</li> <li>Joiner's hammer, or <a href="/wiki/Warrington_hammer" title="Warrington hammer">Warrington hammer</a><sup id="cite_ref-bs876_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bs876-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Knife-edged hammer, its properties developed to aid a hammerer in the act of slicing whilst bludgeoning</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axe" title="Axe">Lathe hammer</a> (also known as a lath hammer, lathing hammer, or lathing hatchet), a tool used for cutting and nailing wood <a href="/wiki/Lath" title="Lath">lath</a>, which has a small hatchet blade on one side (with a small, lateral nick for pulling nails) and a hammer head on the other<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lump_hammer" class="mw-redirect" title="Lump hammer">Lump hammer</a>, or club hammer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallet" title="Mallet">Mallets</a>, including versions made with hard rubber or rolled sheets of <a href="/wiki/Rawhide_(material)" title="Rawhide (material)">rawhide</a></li> <li>Railway track keying hammer<sup id="cite_ref-bs876_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bs876-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Magnetic double-head hammer</li> <li>Magnetic tack hammer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_climbing_hammer" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock climbing hammer">Rock climbing hammer</a></li> <li>Rounding hammer, Blacksmith or farrier hammer. Round face generally for moving or drawing metal and flat for "planishing" or smoothing out the surface marks.</li> <li>Shingler's hammer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sledgehammer" title="Sledgehammer">Sledgehammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soft-faced_hammer" title="Soft-faced hammer">Soft-faced hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiking_hammer" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiking hammer">Spiking hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splitting_maul" title="Splitting maul">Splitting maul</a></li> <li>Strike Tack hammer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonemason%27s_hammer" title="Stonemason's hammer">Stonemason's hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinning" title="Tinning">Tinner</a>'s hammer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upholstery_hammer" title="Upholstery hammer">Upholstery hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welding" title="Welding">Welder</a>'s chipping hammer<sup id="cite_ref-bs876_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bs876-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mechanically_powered">Mechanically powered</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boxholms_bruksmuseum,_den_18_oktober_2008,_bild_38.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Boxholms_bruksmuseum%2C_den_18_oktober_2008%2C_bild_38.JPG/170px-Boxholms_bruksmuseum%2C_den_18_oktober_2008%2C_bild_38.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Boxholms_bruksmuseum%2C_den_18_oktober_2008%2C_bild_38.JPG/255px-Boxholms_bruksmuseum%2C_den_18_oktober_2008%2C_bild_38.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Boxholms_bruksmuseum%2C_den_18_oktober_2008%2C_bild_38.JPG/340px-Boxholms_bruksmuseum%2C_den_18_oktober_2008%2C_bild_38.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>Steam hammer</figcaption></figure> <p>Mechanically powered hammers often look quite different from the hand tools, but nevertheless, most of them work on the same principle. They include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_drill" title="Hammer drill">Hammer drill</a>, that combines a jackhammer-like mechanism with a <a href="/wiki/Drill" title="Drill">drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Frequency_Impact_Treatment" class="mw-redirect" title="High Frequency Impact Treatment">High Frequency Impact Treatment</a> hammer – for after-treatment of weld transitions</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackhammer" title="Jackhammer">Jackhammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_hammer" title="Steam hammer">Steam hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trip_hammer" title="Trip hammer">Trip hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nail_gun" title="Nail gun">Nail gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staple_gun" title="Staple gun">Staple gun</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Associated_tools">Associated tools</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anvil" title="Anvil">Anvil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chisel" title="Chisel">Chisel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipe_drift" title="Pipe drift">Pipe drift</a> (Blacksmithing – spreading a punched hole to proper size and/or shape)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_drill" class="mw-redirect" title="Star drill">Star drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punch_(engineering)" class="mw-redirect" title="Punch (engineering)">Punch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splitting_maul" title="Splitting maul">Woodsplitting maul</a> – can be hit with a sledgehammer for splitting wood.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedge_(mechanical_device)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wedge (mechanical device)">Woodsplitting wedge</a> – hit with a sledgehammer for splitting wood.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physics">Physics</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_a_force_amplifier">As a force amplifier</h3></div> <p>A hammer is a simple <a href="/wiki/Force" title="Force">force</a> <a href="/wiki/Amplifier" title="Amplifier">amplifier</a> that works by converting <a href="/wiki/Mechanical_work" class="mw-redirect" title="Mechanical work">mechanical work</a> into <a href="/wiki/Kinetic_energy" title="Kinetic energy">kinetic energy</a> and back. </p><p>In the swing that precedes each blow, the hammer head stores a certain amount of kinetic energy—equal to the length <i>D</i> of the swing times the force <i>f</i> produced by the <a href="/wiki/Muscle" title="Muscle">muscles</a> of the arm and by <a href="/wiki/Gravity" title="Gravity">gravity</a>. When the hammer strikes, the head is stopped by an opposite force coming from the target, equal and opposite to the force applied by the head to the target. If the target is a hard and heavy object, or if it is resting on some sort of <a href="/wiki/Anvil" title="Anvil">anvil</a>, the head can travel only a very short distance <i>d</i> before stopping. Since the stopping force <i>F</i> times that distance must be equal to the head's kinetic energy, it follows that <i>F</i> is much greater than the original driving force <i>f</i>—roughly, by a factor <i>D</i>/<i>d</i>. In this way, great strength is not needed to produce a force strong enough to bend steel, or crack the hardest stone. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Effect_of_the_head's_mass"><span id="Effect_of_the_head.27s_mass"></span>Effect of the head's mass</h3></div> <p>The amount of energy delivered to the target by the hammer-blow is equivalent to one half the mass of the head times the square of the head's speed at the time of impact <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle (E={mv^{2} \over 2})}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>E</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <msup> <mi>v</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle (E={mv^{2} \over 2})}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e841620f2b01664d9dfd55b42744680639c8946d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:11.742ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle (E={mv^{2} \over 2})}"></span>. While the energy delivered to the target increases linearly with mass, it increases quadratically with the <a href="/wiki/Speed" title="Speed">speed</a> (see the effect of the handle, below). High tech <a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">titanium</a> heads are lighter and allow for longer handles, thus increasing velocity and delivering the same energy with less arm fatigue than that of a heavier steel head hammer.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A titanium head has about 3% <a href="/wiki/Deflection_(physics)" title="Deflection (physics)">recoil</a> energy and can result in greater efficiency and less fatigue when compared to a steel head with up to 30% recoil. <a href="/wiki/Dead_blow_hammer" class="mw-redirect" title="Dead blow hammer">Dead blow hammers</a> use special rubber or steel shot to absorb <a href="/wiki/Recoil" title="Recoil">recoil</a> energy, rather than bouncing the hammer head after impact. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Effect_of_the_handle">Effect of the handle</h3></div> <p>The handle of the hammer helps in several ways. It keeps the user's hands away from the point of impact. It provides a broad area that is better-suited for gripping by the hand. Most importantly, it allows the user to maximize the speed of the head on each blow. The primary constraint on additional handle length is the lack of space to swing the hammer. This is why sledgehammers, largely used in open spaces, can have handles that are much longer than a standard carpenter's hammer. The second most important constraint is more subtle. Even without considering the effects of fatigue, the longer the handle, the harder it is to guide the head of the hammer to its target at full speed. </p><p>Most designs are a compromise between practicality and <a href="/wiki/Efficient_energy_use" title="Efficient energy use">energy efficiency</a>. With too long a handle, the hammer is inefficient because it delivers force to the wrong place, off-target. With too short a handle, the hammer is inefficient because it does not deliver enough force, requiring more blows to complete a given task. Modifications have also been made with respect to the effect of the hammer on the user. Handles made of shock-absorbing materials or varying angles attempt to make it easier for the user to continue to wield this age-old device, even as nail guns and other powered drivers encroach on its traditional field of use. </p><p>As hammers must be used in many circumstances, where the position of the person using them cannot be taken for granted, trade-offs are made for the sake of practicality. In areas where one has plenty of room, a long handle with a heavy head (like a sledgehammer) can deliver the maximum amount of energy to the target. It is not practical to use such a large hammer for all tasks, however, and thus the overall design has been modified repeatedly to achieve the optimum utility in a wide variety of situations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Effect_of_gravity">Effect of gravity</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Gravity" title="Gravity">Gravity</a> exerts a force on the hammer head. If hammering downwards, gravity increases the <a href="/wiki/Acceleration" title="Acceleration">acceleration</a> during the hammer stroke and increases the <a href="/wiki/Energy" title="Energy">energy</a> delivered with each blow. If hammering upwards, gravity reduces the acceleration during the hammer stroke and therefore reduces the energy delivered with each blow. Some hammering methods, such as traditional mechanical <a href="/wiki/Pile_driver" title="Pile driver">pile drivers</a>, rely entirely on gravity for acceleration on the down stroke. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ergonomics_and_injury_risks">Ergonomics and injury risks</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nagelkranzfraktur.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Nagelkranzfraktur.jpg/220px-Nagelkranzfraktur.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Nagelkranzfraktur.jpg/330px-Nagelkranzfraktur.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Nagelkranzfraktur.jpg/440px-Nagelkranzfraktur.jpg 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="663" /></a><figcaption>Hitting one's fingertip with a hammer can cause a <a href="/wiki/Bone_fracture" title="Bone fracture">comminuted</a> (multi-fragment) <a href="/wiki/Fracture_of_the_finger" class="mw-redirect" title="Fracture of the finger">fracture of the finger</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>A hammer may cause significant injury if it strikes the body. Both manual and powered hammers can cause <a href="/wiki/Peripheral_neuropathy" title="Peripheral neuropathy">peripheral neuropathy</a> or a variety of other ailments when used improperly. Awkward handles can cause <a href="/wiki/Repetitive_stress_injury" class="mw-redirect" title="Repetitive stress injury">repetitive stress injury</a> (RSI) to hand and arm joints, and uncontrolled shock waves from repeated impacts can injure nerves and the skeleton. Additionally, striking metal objects with a hammer may produce small metallic projectiles which can become lodged in the eye. It is therefore recommended to wear <a href="/wiki/Safety_glasses" class="mw-redirect" title="Safety glasses">safety glasses</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="War_hammers">War hammers</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/War_hammer" title="War hammer">War hammer</a></div> <p>A war hammer is a <a href="/wiki/Late_medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Late medieval">late medieval</a> <a href="/wiki/Weapon" title="Weapon">weapon</a> of <a href="/wiki/War" title="War">war</a> intended for <a href="/wiki/Close_combat" class="mw-redirect" title="Close combat">close combat</a> action. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Symbolism">Symbolism</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampere.vaakuna.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Tampere.vaakuna.svg/170px-Tampere.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Tampere.vaakuna.svg/255px-Tampere.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Tampere.vaakuna.svg/340px-Tampere.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="569" /></a><figcaption>A T-shaped hammer in the upper left corner of the coat of arms of <a href="/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere">Tampere</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The hammer, being one of the most used tools by <a href="/wiki/Homo_sapiens" class="mw-redirect" title="Homo sapiens">man</a>, has been used very much in symbols such as <a href="/wiki/Flag" title="Flag">flags</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heraldry" title="Heraldry">heraldry</a>. In the Middle Ages, it was used often in blacksmith guild logos, as well as in many family symbols. The <a href="/wiki/Hammer_and_pick" title="Hammer and pick">hammer and pick</a> are used as a symbol of mining. </p><p>In mythology, the gods <a href="/wiki/Thor" title="Thor">Thor</a> (<a href="/wiki/Norse_mythology" title="Norse mythology">Norse</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Sucellus" title="Sucellus">Sucellus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_Celtic_religion" title="Ancient Celtic religion">Celtic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gallo-Roman_religion" title="Gallo-Roman religion">Gallo-Roman</a>), and the hero <a href="/wiki/Hercules" title="Hercules">Hercules</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek</a>), all had hammers that appear in their lore and carried different meanings. Thor, the god of thunder and lightning, wields a hammer named <a href="/wiki/Mj%C3%B6lnir" title="Mjölnir">Mjölnir</a>. Many artifacts of decorative hammers have been found, leading modern practitioners of this religion to often wear reproductions as a sign of their faith. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_the_United_States" title="Folklore of the United States">American folklore</a>, the hammer of <a href="/wiki/John_Henry_(folklore)" title="John Henry (folklore)">John Henry</a> represents the strength and endurance of a man. </p><p>A political party in Singapore, <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_(Singapore)" title="Workers' Party (Singapore)">Workers' Party of Singapore</a>, based their logo on a hammer to symbolize the party's <a href="/wiki/Civic_nationalism" title="Civic nationalism">civic nationalism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">social democracy</a> ideology. </p><p>A variant, well-known symbol with a hammer in it is the <a href="/wiki/Hammer_and_sickle" title="Hammer and sickle">hammer and sickle</a>, which was the symbol of the former <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> and is strongly linked to <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">communism</a> and early <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialism</a>. The hammer in this symbol represents the industrial working class (and the sickle represents the agricultural working class). The hammer is used in some coats of arms in former socialist countries like <a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a>. Similarly, the Hammer and Sword symbolizes <a href="/wiki/Strasserism" title="Strasserism">Strasserism</a>, a strand of <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazism</a> seeking to appeal to the working class. Another variant of the symbol was used for the North Korean party, <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="Workers' Party of Korea">Workers' Party of Korea</a>, incorporated with an <a href="/wiki/Ink_brush" title="Ink brush">ink brush</a> on the middle, which symbolizes both <a href="/wiki/Juche" title="Juche">Juche</a> and <a href="/wiki/Songun" title="Songun">Songun</a> ideologies. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Pink_Floyd_%E2%80%93_The_Wall" title="Pink Floyd – The Wall">Pink Floyd – The Wall</a>, two hammers crossed are used as a symbol for the fascist takeover of the concert during "<a href="/wiki/In_the_Flesh_(Pink_Floyd_song)" class="mw-redirect" title="In the Flesh (Pink Floyd song)">In the Flesh</a>". This also has the meaning of the hammer beating down any "nails" that stick out. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Gavel" title="Gavel">gavel</a>, a small wooden mallet, is used to symbolize a mandate to preside over a meeting or judicial proceeding, and a graphic image of one is used as a symbol of legislative or judicial decision-making authority. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Judah_Maccabee" class="mw-redirect" title="Judah Maccabee">Judah Maccabee</a> was nicknamed "The Hammer", possibly in recognition of his ferocity in battle. The name "Maccabee" may derive from the <a href="/wiki/Aramaic" title="Aramaic">Aramaic</a> <i>maqqaba</i>. (see <a href="/wiki/Judah_Maccabee#Origin_of_Name_"The_Hammer"" class="mw-redirect" title="Judah Maccabee">Judah Maccabee § Origin of Name "The Hammer"</a>.) </p><p>The hammer in the song "<a href="/wiki/If_I_Had_a_Hammer" title="If I Had a Hammer">If I Had a Hammer</a>" represents a relentless message of justice broadcast across the land. The song became a symbol of the <a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">civil rights movement</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Image_gallery">Image gallery</h2></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Buck_Knives_Hammer_(5075278861).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ball-peen hammer"><img alt="Ball-peen hammer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Buck_Knives_Hammer_%285075278861%29.jpg/120px-Buck_Knives_Hammer_%285075278861%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Buck_Knives_Hammer_%285075278861%29.jpg/180px-Buck_Knives_Hammer_%285075278861%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Buck_Knives_Hammer_%285075278861%29.jpg/240px-Buck_Knives_Hammer_%285075278861%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ball-peen_hammer" title="Ball-peen hammer">Ball-peen hammer</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stockhammer.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Bush hammer"><img alt="Bush hammer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Stockhammer.JPG/120px-Stockhammer.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Stockhammer.JPG/180px-Stockhammer.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Stockhammer.JPG/240px-Stockhammer.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3504" data-file-height="2336" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bush_hammer" title="Bush hammer">Bush hammer</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Claw hammer"><img alt="Claw hammer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Hammer2.jpg/120px-Hammer2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Hammer2.jpg/180px-Hammer2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Hammer2.jpg/240px-Hammer2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="565" data-file-height="493" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Claw_hammer" title="Claw hammer">Claw hammer</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cross-peen hammer"><img alt="Cross-peen hammer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Hammer-1.jpg/120px-Hammer-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Hammer-1.jpg/180px-Hammer-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Hammer-1.jpg/240px-Hammer-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2352" data-file-height="1282" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cross-peen hammer</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer_dog-head.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dog-head hammer (blacksmithing)"><img alt="Dog-head hammer (blacksmithing)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Hammer_dog-head.jpg/114px-Hammer_dog-head.jpg" decoding="async" width="114" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Hammer_dog-head.jpg/172px-Hammer_dog-head.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Hammer_dog-head.jpg/229px-Hammer_dog-head.jpg 2x" data-file-width="312" data-file-height="327" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Dog-head hammer (blacksmithing)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Framing_hammer.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Framing hammer"><img alt="Framing hammer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Framing_hammer.jpg/120px-Framing_hammer.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Framing_hammer.jpg/180px-Framing_hammer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Framing_hammer.jpg/240px-Framing_hammer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1673" data-file-height="1229" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Framing_hammer" title="Framing hammer">Framing hammer</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BrokenConcretion22.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geologist's hammer"><img alt="Geologist's hammer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/BrokenConcretion22.jpg/120px-BrokenConcretion22.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/BrokenConcretion22.jpg/180px-BrokenConcretion22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/BrokenConcretion22.jpg/240px-BrokenConcretion22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Geologist%27s_hammer" title="Geologist's hammer">Geologist's hammer</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hifit-hammer.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="HiFIT-hammer for aftertreatment of weld transitions"><img alt="HiFIT-hammer for aftertreatment of weld transitions" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Hifit-hammer.jpg/120px-Hifit-hammer.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Hifit-hammer.jpg/180px-Hifit-hammer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Hifit-hammer.jpg/240px-Hifit-hammer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1862" data-file-height="1551" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/High-frequency_impact_treatment" title="High-frequency impact treatment">HiFIT</a>-hammer for aftertreatment of weld transitions</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer_Long_cross-face.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Long cross-face hammer (blacksmithing)"><img alt="Long cross-face hammer (blacksmithing)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Hammer_Long_cross-face.jpg/116px-Hammer_Long_cross-face.jpg" decoding="async" width="116" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Hammer_Long_cross-face.jpg/174px-Hammer_Long_cross-face.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Hammer_Long_cross-face.jpg/232px-Hammer_Long_cross-face.jpg 2x" data-file-width="297" data-file-height="307" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Long cross-face hammer (blacksmithing)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Post_maul_-_20040819.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Post maul"><img alt="Post maul" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Post_maul_-_20040819.jpg/36px-Post_maul_-_20040819.jpg" decoding="async" width="36" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Post_maul_-_20040819.jpg/54px-Post_maul_-_20040819.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Post_maul_-_20040819.jpg/72px-Post_maul_-_20040819.jpg 2x" data-file-width="120" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Post maul</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Climbing_Hammer.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Rock climbing hammer"><img alt="Rock climbing hammer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Climbing_Hammer.png/104px-Climbing_Hammer.png" decoding="async" width="104" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Climbing_Hammer.png/156px-Climbing_Hammer.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Climbing_Hammer.png/208px-Climbing_Hammer.png 2x" data-file-width="1071" data-file-height="1233" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rock_climbing_hammer" class="mw-redirect" title="Rock climbing hammer">Rock climbing hammer</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gummihammer.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Rubber mallet"><img alt="Rubber mallet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Gummihammer.png/120px-Gummihammer.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Gummihammer.png/180px-Gummihammer.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Gummihammer.png/240px-Gummihammer.png 2x" data-file-width="1803" data-file-height="777" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rubber_mallet" class="mw-redirect" title="Rubber mallet">Rubber mallet</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sledgehammers-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sledgehammers"><img alt="Sledgehammers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Sledgehammers-1.jpg/120px-Sledgehammers-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Sledgehammers-1.jpg/180px-Sledgehammers-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Sledgehammers-1.jpg/240px-Sledgehammers-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sledgehammer" title="Sledgehammer">Sledgehammers</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer_straight_pane_sledge.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Straight pane sledgehammer"><img alt="Straight pane sledgehammer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Hammer_straight_pane_sledge.jpg/120px-Hammer_straight_pane_sledge.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Hammer_straight_pane_sledge.jpg/180px-Hammer_straight_pane_sledge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Hammer_straight_pane_sledge.jpg/240px-Hammer_straight_pane_sledge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="326" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Straight pane <a href="/wiki/Sledgehammer" title="Sledgehammer">sledgehammer</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer_twist.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Twist hammer (blacksmithing)"><img alt="Twist hammer (blacksmithing)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Hammer_twist.jpg/120px-Hammer_twist.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Hammer_twist.jpg/180px-Hammer_twist.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Hammer_twist.jpg/240px-Hammer_twist.jpg 2x" data-file-width="326" data-file-height="296" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Twist hammer (blacksmithing)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hammer_tapissier.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Upholstery hammer"><img alt="Upholstery hammer" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Hammer_tapissier.jpg/120px-Hammer_tapissier.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Hammer_tapissier.jpg/180px-Hammer_tapissier.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Hammer_tapissier.jpg/240px-Hammer_tapissier.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="737" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Upholstery_hammer" title="Upholstery hammer">Upholstery hammer</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mallet_menuisier.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wooden mallet"><img alt="Wooden mallet" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Mallet_menuisier.jpg/120px-Mallet_menuisier.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Mallet_menuisier.jpg/180px-Mallet_menuisier.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Mallet_menuisier.jpg/240px-Mallet_menuisier.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wooden <a href="/wiki/Mallet" title="Mallet">mallet</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Noun-technology.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/29px-Noun-technology.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/43px-Noun-technology.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Noun-technology.svg/57px-Noun-technology.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="90" data-file-height="88" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Technology" title="Portal:Technology">Technology portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_Museum_(Haines,_Alaska)" title="Hammer Museum (Haines, Alaska)">Hammer Museum (Haines, Alaska)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mj%C3%B6lnir" title="Mjölnir">Mjölnir</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/hammer">"hammer Meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary"</a>. <i>dictionary.cambridge.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dictionary.cambridge.org&rft.atitle=hammer+Meaning+in+the+Cambridge+English+Dictionary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.cambridge.org%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Fhammer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-claw-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-claw_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-claw_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.madehow.com/Volume-4/Hammer.html">"How hammer is made - material, making, history, used, components, structure, steps"</a>. <i>madehow.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=madehow.com&rft.atitle=How+hammer+is+made+-+material%2C+making%2C+history%2C+used%2C+components%2C+structure%2C+steps&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madehow.com%2FVolume-4%2FHammer.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAkins2018" class="citation web cs1">Akins, Ricky (6 September 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.garagetooladvisor.com/hand-tools/different-types-of-hammers-and-their-uses/">"40 Different Types of Hammers and Their Uses"</a>. <i>Garage tool advisor</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Garage+tool+advisor&rft.atitle=40+Different+Types+of+Hammers+and+Their+Uses&rft.date=2018-09-06&rft.aulast=Akins&rft.aufirst=Ricky&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.garagetooladvisor.com%2Fhand-tools%2Fdifferent-types-of-hammers-and-their-uses%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Calvin2004-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Calvin2004_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalvin2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/William_H._Calvin" title="William H. Calvin">Calvin, William H.</a> (2004). <i>A Brief History of the Mind: From Apes to Intellect and Beyond</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 47. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-515907-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-515907-1"><bdi>0-19-515907-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+the+Mind%3A+From+Apes+to+Intellect+and+Beyond&rft.pages=47&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-19-515907-1&rft.aulast=Calvin&rft.aufirst=William+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SA-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SA_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SA_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKate_Wong2015" class="citation news cs1">Kate Wong (15 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/2015/04/15/archaeologists-take-wrong-turn-find-worlds-oldest-stone-tools/">"Archaeologists Take Wrong Turn, Find World's Oldest Stone Tools"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Scientific_American" title="Scientific American">Scientific American</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scientific+American&rft.atitle=Archaeologists+Take+Wrong+Turn%2C+Find+World%27s+Oldest+Stone+Tools&rft.date=2015-04-15&rft.au=Kate+Wong&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.scientificamerican.com%2Fobservations%2F2015%2F04%2F15%2Farchaeologists-take-wrong-turn-find-worlds-oldest-stone-tools%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHovers2015" class="citation journal cs1">Hovers, Erella (May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F521294a">"Archaeology: Tools go back in time"</a>. <i>Nature</i>. <b>521</b> (7552): 294–295. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015Natur.521..294H">2015Natur.521..294H</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2F521294a">10.1038/521294a</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687">1476-4687</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25993954">25993954</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:205085058">205085058</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Archaeology%3A+Tools+go+back+in+time&rft.volume=521&rft.issue=7552&rft.pages=294-295&rft.date=2015-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A205085058%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2015Natur.521..294H&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2F521294a&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F25993954&rft.aulast=Hovers&rft.aufirst=Erella&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1038%252F521294a&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://langs.co.uk/blog/2017/06/30/the-history-of-the-hammer-from-its-prehistoric-beginnings/">"The history of the hammer from its prehistoric beginnings. | Tool Blogger UK"</a>. <i>langs.co.uk</i>. 30 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=langs.co.uk&rft.atitle=The+history+of+the+hammer+from+its+prehistoric+beginnings.+%7C+Tool+Blogger+UK&rft.date=2017-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flangs.co.uk%2Fblog%2F2017%2F06%2F30%2Fthe-history-of-the-hammer-from-its-prehistoric-beginnings%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://boingboing.net/2014/08/06/hammers.html">"A beginner's guide to hammers / Boing Boing"</a>. <i>boingboing.net</i>. 6 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=boingboing.net&rft.atitle=A+beginner%27s+guide+to+hammers+%2F+Boing+Boing&rft.date=2014-08-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fboingboing.net%2F2014%2F08%2F06%2Fhammers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bs876-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bs876_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bs876_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bs876_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bs876_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bs876_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bs876_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bs876_9-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>British Standard BS 876:1995 Specification for Hand Hammers</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FAO-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FAO_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160627204715/http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/x6909e/x6909e09.htm">"Slaughter of livestock"</a>. <i>FAO Corporate Document Repository</i>. <a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization_of_the_United_Nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations">Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/x6909e/x6909e09.htm">the original</a> on 27 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FAO+Corporate+Document+Repository&rft.atitle=Slaughter+of+livestock&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fao.org%2Fdocrep%2F003%2Fx6909e%2Fx6909e09.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/recreational_trails/publications/fs_publications/05232810/page15.cfm">"Tools for Pounding and Hammering"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tools+for+Pounding+and+Hammering&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fhwa.dot.gov%2Fenvironment%2Frecreational_trails%2Fpublications%2Ffs_publications%2F05232810%2Fpage15.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFish_Ensie,_E.1909" class="citation journal cs1">Fish Ensie, E. (February 1909). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WDkOAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA55">"Handling Locomotive Supplies, Part III.--Standardization"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/American_Engineer_and_Railroad_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="American Engineer and Railroad Journal">American Engineer and Railroad Journal</a></i>: 55<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Engineer+and+Railroad+Journal&rft.atitle=Handling+Locomotive+Supplies%2C+Part+III.--Standardization&rft.pages=55&rft.date=1909-02&rft.au=Fish+Ensie%2C+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWDkOAQAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarlex" class="citation journal cs1">Farlex. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/lathing+hammer">"Lathing hammer"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Free_Dictionary" title="The Free Dictionary">The Free Dictionary</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Free+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Lathing+hammer&rft.au=Farlex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fencyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com%2Flathing%2Bhammer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCage,_Chuck2011" class="citation web cs1">Cage, Chuck (15 June 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://toolmonger.com/2011/06/15/dewalts-titanium-hammer-killer/">"DeWalt's Titanium Hammer Killer?"</a>. Toolmonger<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=DeWalt%27s+Titanium+Hammer+Killer%3F&rft.pub=Toolmonger&rft.date=2011-06-15&rft.au=Cage%2C+Chuck&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftoolmonger.com%2F2011%2F06%2F15%2Fdewalts-titanium-hammer-killer%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHammer" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Hammers" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Hammers">Hammers</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/hammer" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:hammer">hammer</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.garagetooladvisor.com/hand-tools/different-types-of-hammers-and-their-uses/">Types of Hammers</a> (images and descriptions)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1CoDAAAAMBAJ&dq=popular+science+1930&pg=PA164">"Choosing a Hammer".</a> <i>Popular Science</i>, June 1960, pp. 164–167.</li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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title="Adjustable spanner">Adjustable spanner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antique_tool" title="Antique tool">Antique tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basin_wrench" title="Basin wrench">Basin wrench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Block_plane" title="Block plane">Block plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brace_(tool)" title="Brace (tool)">Brace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradawl" title="Bradawl">Bradawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breaker_bar" title="Breaker bar">Breaker bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cat%27s_paw_(tool)" title="Cat's paw (tool)">Cat's paw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caulk" title="Caulk">Caulking gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clamp_(tool)" title="Clamp (tool)">Clamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimp_(joining)#Electrical_crimp" title="Crimp (joining)">Crimper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowbar" title="Crowbar">Crowbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_tape" title="Fish tape">Fish tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimlet_(tool)" title="Gimlet (tool)">Gimlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_breaker" title="Glass breaker">Glass breaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grease_gun" title="Grease gun">Grease gun</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_tacker" title="Hammer tacker">Hammer tacker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawk_(plasterer%27s_tool)" title="Hawk (plasterer's tool)">Hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headlamp_(outdoor)" title="Headlamp (outdoor)">Headlamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hex_key" title="Hex key">Hex key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hole_punch" title="Hole punch">Hole punch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_driver" title="Impact driver">Impact driver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_(device)" title="Jack (device)">Jack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locking_pliers" title="Locking pliers">Locking pliers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lug_wrench" title="Lug wrench">Lug wrench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallet" title="Mallet">Mallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitre_box" title="Mitre box">Mitre box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkey_wrench" title="Monkey wrench">Monkey wrench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-tool" title="Multi-tool">Multi-tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nut_driver" title="Nut driver">Nut driver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paint_roller" title="Paint roller">Paint roller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brush#paintbrushes" title="Brush">Paintbrush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencil_sharpener" title="Pencil sharpener">Pencil sharpener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_drill" title="Persian drill">Persian drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pincers_(tool)" title="Pincers (tool)">Pincers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipe_wrench" title="Pipe wrench">Pipe wrench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pliers" title="Pliers">Pliers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plumber_wrench" title="Plumber wrench">Plumber wrench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plumber%27s_snake" title="Plumber's snake">Plumber's snake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plunger" title="Plunger">Plunger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podger_spanner" title="Podger spanner">Podger spanner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punch_(tool)" title="Punch (tool)">Punch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punch_down_tool" title="Punch down tool">Punch down tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scratch_awl" title="Scratch awl">Scratch awl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screwdriver" title="Screwdriver">Screwdriver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sledgehammer" title="Sledgehammer">Sledgehammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slide_hammer" title="Slide hammer">Slide hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socket_wrench" title="Socket wrench">Socket wrench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_maul" title="Spike maul">Spike maul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staple_gun" title="Staple gun">Staple gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stitching_awl" title="Stitching awl">Stitching awl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strap_wrench" title="Strap wrench">Strap wrench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tactical_light" title="Tactical light">Tactical light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tire_iron" title="Tire iron">Tire iron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongue-and-groove_pliers" title="Tongue-and-groove pliers">Tongue-and-groove pliers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torque_wrench" title="Torque wrench">Torque wrench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tweezers" title="Tweezers">Tweezers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upholstery_hammer" title="Upholstery hammer">Upholstery hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrench" title="Wrench">Wrench</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Template:Types_of_tools" title="Template:Types of tools">Types of tools</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Cleaning_tools" title="Template:Cleaning tools">Cleaning</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Cutting_and_abrasive_tools" title="Template:Cutting and abrasive tools">Cutting and abrasive</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Forestry_tools" title="Template:Forestry tools">Forestry</a></dd> <dd><a 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</div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Metalworking" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Metalworking_navbox" 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title="Bandsaw">Bandsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_saw" title="Cold saw">Cold saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_cutting" title="Laser cutting">Laser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miter_saw" title="Miter saw">Miter saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plasma_cutting" title="Plasma cutting">Plasma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_jet_cutter" title="Water jet cutter">Water jet cutter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Metalworking_cutting_tools" title="Category:Metalworking cutting tools">Cutting tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broaching_(metalworking)" title="Broaching (metalworking)">Broach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burr_(cutter)" title="Burr (cutter)">Burr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chisel" title="Chisel">Chisel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterbore" title="Counterbore">Counterbore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Countersink" title="Countersink">Countersink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/End_mill" title="End mill">End mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_(tool)" title="File (tool)">File</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_scraper" title="Hand scraper">Hand scraper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milling_cutter" title="Milling cutter">Milling cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nibbler" title="Nibbler">Nibbler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxy-fuel_welding_and_cutting" title="Oxy-fuel welding and cutting">Oxy-fuel cutting torch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reamer" title="Reamer">Reamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shear_(sheet_metal)" title="Shear (sheet metal)">Shears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipped_tool" title="Tipped tool">Tipped tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tool_bit" title="Tool bit">Tool bit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Forming tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brake_(sheet_metal_bending)" title="Brake (sheet metal bending)">Brake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_(manufacturing)" title="Die (manufacturing)">Die</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_wheel" title="English wheel">English wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_press" title="Hydraulic press">Hydraulic press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_press" title="Machine press">Machine press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punch_press" title="Punch press">Punch press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screw_press" title="Screw press">Screw press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamping_press" title="Stamping press">Stamping press</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metalworking_hand_tool" title="Metalworking hand tool">Hand tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clamp_(tool)" title="Clamp (tool)">Clamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combination_square" title="Combination square">Combination square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drift_pin" title="Drift pin">Drift pin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hacksaw" title="Hacksaw">Hacksaw</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_scraper" title="Hand scraper">Hand scraper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machinist_square" title="Machinist square">Machinist square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlegun_scaler" title="Needlegun scaler">Needlegun scaler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piercing_saw" title="Piercing saw">Piercing saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pliers" title="Pliers">Pliers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punch_(tool)" title="Punch (tool)">Punch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scriber" title="Scriber">Scriber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tap_and_die" title="Tap and die">Tap and die</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongs" title="Tongs">Tongs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vise" title="Vise">Vise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workbench" title="Workbench">Workbench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrench" title="Wrench">Wrench</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Machine_tool" title="Machine tool">Machine tooling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angle_plate" title="Angle plate">Angle plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_(engineering)" title="Chuck (engineering)">Chuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collet" title="Collet">Collet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fixture_(tool)" title="Fixture (tool)">Fixture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indexing_head" title="Indexing head">Indexing head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jig_(tool)" title="Jig (tool)">Jig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lathe_center" title="Lathe center">Lathe center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_taper" title="Machine taper">Machine taper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_switchable_device" title="Magnetic switchable device">Magnetic switchable device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandrel" title="Mandrel">Mandrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotary_table" title="Rotary table">Rotary table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiggler_(tool)" title="Wiggler (tool)">Wiggler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Metalworking_measuring_instruments" title="Category:Metalworking measuring instruments">Measuring instruments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bore_gauge" title="Bore gauge">Bore gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calipers" title="Calipers">Caliper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_gauge" title="Center gauge">Center gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indicator_(distance_amplifying_instrument)" title="Indicator (distance amplifying instrument)">Dial indicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engineer%27s_blue" title="Engineer's blue">Engineer's blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engineer%27s_spirit_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Engineer's spirit level">Engineer's spirit level</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feeler_gauge" title="Feeler gauge">Feeler gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gauge_(instrument)" title="Gauge (instrument)">Gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gauge_block" title="Gauge block">Gauge block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go/no_go_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Go/no go gauge">Go/no go gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Height_gauge" title="Height gauge">Height gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machinist_square" title="Machinist square">Machinist square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marking_blue" title="Marking blue">Marking blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marking_gauge" title="Marking gauge">Marking gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marking_out" title="Marking out">Marking out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micrometer_(device)" title="Micrometer (device)">Micrometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_comparator" title="Optical comparator">Optical comparator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radius_gauge" title="Radius gauge">Radius gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruler" title="Ruler">Ruler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sine_bar" title="Sine bar">Sine bar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straightedge" title="Straightedge">Straightedge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_plate" title="Surface plate">Surface plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tape_measure" title="Tape measure">Tape measure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thread_pitch_gauge" title="Thread pitch gauge">Thread pitch gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernier_scale" title="Vernier scale">Vernier scale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metalsmith" title="Metalsmith">Smithing tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anvil" title="Anvil">Anvil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forge" title="Forge">Forge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuller_(metalworking)" title="Fuller (metalworking)">Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardy_tool" title="Hardy tool">Hardy tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pritchel" title="Pritchel">Pritchel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_hammer" title="Steam hammer">Steam hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swage_block" title="Swage block">Swage block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trip_hammer" title="Trip hammer">Trip hammer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casting" title="Casting">Casting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metal_fabrication" title="Metal fabrication">Fabrication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forming_processes" title="Forming processes">Forming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewellery" title="Jewellery">Jewellery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machining" title="Machining">Machining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallurgy" title="Metallurgy">Metallurgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metalsmith" title="Metalsmith">Smithing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_metalworking" title="Outline of metalworking">Tools and terminology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welding" title="Welding">Welding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Stonemasonry" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Stonemasonry" title="Template:Stonemasonry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Stonemasonry" title="Template talk:Stonemasonry"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Stonemasonry" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Stonemasonry"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Stonemasonry" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Stonemasonry" title="Stonemasonry">Stonemasonry</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashlar" title="Ashlar">Ashlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustication_(architecture)" title="Rustication (architecture)">Rustication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_carving" title="Stone carving">Carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry_stone" title="Dry stone">Dry stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letter_cutting" title="Letter cutting">Letter cutting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masonry" title="Masonry">Masonry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-tensioned_stone" class="mw-redirect" title="Post-tensioned stone">Post-tensioned stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massive_precut_stone" title="Massive precut stone">Massive precut stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monumental_masonry" title="Monumental masonry">Monumental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubble_masonry" title="Rubble masonry">Rubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_sculpture" title="Stone sculpture">Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slipform_stonemasonry" title="Slipform stonemasonry">Slipform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snecked_masonry" title="Snecked masonry">Snecked</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Materials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_stone" title="Artificial stone">Artificial stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brick" title="Brick">Brick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cast_stone" title="Cast stone">Cast stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_decorative_stones" title="List of decorative stones">Decorative stones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimension_stone" title="Dimension stone">Dimension stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fieldstone" title="Fieldstone">Fieldstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flagstone" title="Flagstone">Flagstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabion" title="Gabion">Gabion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">Granite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grout" title="Grout">Grout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lime_mortar" title="Lime mortar">Lime mortar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_types_of_limestone" title="List of types of limestone">Limestone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marble" title="Marble">Marble</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_types_of_marble" title="List of types of marble">Types</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortar_(masonry)" title="Mortar (masonry)">Mortar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandstone" title="Sandstone">Sandstone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sandstones" title="List of sandstones">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slate" title="Slate">Slate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_veneer" title="Stone veneer">Stone veneer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angle_grinder" title="Angle grinder">Angle grinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bush_hammer" title="Bush hammer">Bush hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceramic_tile_cutter" title="Ceramic tile cutter">Ceramic tile cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chisel" title="Chisel">Chisel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_blade" title="Diamond blade">Diamond blade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_(lifting_appliance)" title="Lewis (lifting appliance)">Lewis (lifting appliance)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masonry_trowel" title="Masonry trowel">Trowel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-explosive_demolition_agents" title="Non-explosive demolition agents">Non-explosive demolition agents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plug_and_feather" title="Plug and feather">Plug and feather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonemason%27s_hammer" title="Stonemason's hammer">Stonemason's hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straightedge" title="Straightedge">Straightedge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stone_flaming" title="Stone flaming">Flaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flushwork" title="Flushwork">Flushwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knapping" title="Knapping">Knapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygonal_masonry" title="Polygonal masonry">Polygonal masonry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repointing" title="Repointing">Repointing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scabbling" title="Scabbling">Scabbling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuckpointing" title="Tuckpointing">Tuckpointing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masonry_veneer" title="Masonry veneer">Veneer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brickwork" title="Brickwork">Brickwork</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wythe" title="Wythe">Wythe</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Castle" title="Castle">Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardstone_carving" title="Hardstone carving">Hardstone carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headstone" class="mw-redirect" title="Headstone">Headstone</a> (<a href="/wiki/Footstone" title="Footstone">Footstone</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mosaic" title="Mosaic">Mosaic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_sculpture" title="Stone sculpture">Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_wall" title="Stone wall">Stone wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machicolation" title="Machicolation">Machicolation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:#F4F0EC"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Bricklayers_and_Allied_Craftworkers" title="International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers">International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_of_Work_to_the_Crown_of_Scotland" title="Master of Work to the Crown of Scotland">Master of Work to the Crown of Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mason_Contractors_Association_of_America" title="Mason Contractors Association of America">Mason Contractors Association of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operative_Plasterers%27_and_Cement_Masons%27_International_Association" title="Operative Plasterers' and Cement Masons' International Association">Operative Plasterers' and Cement Masons' International Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worshipful_Company_of_Masons" title="Worshipful Company of Masons">Worshipful Company of Masons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25294#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25294#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25294#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4023175-6">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10675282">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hammer&oldid=1254371416">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hammer&oldid=1254371416</a>"</div></div> <div 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