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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span><i>V-1</i> through <i>V-3</i>—the <i>Barracuda</i>s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-V-1_through_V-3—the_Barracudas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-V-4—Argonaut" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#V-4—Argonaut"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span><i>V-4</i>—<i>Argonaut</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-V-4—Argonaut-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-V-5_and_V-6—Narwhal_and_Nautilus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#V-5_and_V-6—Narwhal_and_Nautilus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span><i>V-5</i> and <i>V-6</i>—<i>Narwhal</i> and <i>Nautilus</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-V-5_and_V-6—Narwhal_and_Nautilus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-V-7—Dolphin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#V-7—Dolphin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span><i>V-7</i>—<i>Dolphin</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-V-7—Dolphin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-V-8_and_V-9—Cachalot_and_Cuttlefish" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#V-8_and_V-9—Cachalot_and_Cuttlefish"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span><i>V-8</i> and <i>V-9</i>—<i>Cachalot</i> and <i>Cuttlefish</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-V-8_and_V-9—Cachalot_and_Cuttlefish-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Submarines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Submarines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Submarines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Submarines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Group of U.S. Navy submarines and classes derived from them</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USS_Holland_(AS-3)_with_seven_submarines_alongside_at_San_Diego,_California_(USA),_on_24_December_1934_(80-G-63334).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="V-boats (left to right) Cachalot, Dolphin, Barracuda, Bass, Bonita, Nautilus, Narwhal, with submarine tender Holland"><img alt="V-boats (left to right) Cachalot, Dolphin, Barracuda, Bass, Bonita, Nautilus, Narwhal, with submarine tender Holland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/USS_Holland_%28AS-3%29_with_seven_submarines_alongside_at_San_Diego%2C_California_%28USA%29%2C_on_24_December_1934_%2880-G-63334%29.jpg/300px-USS_Holland_%28AS-3%29_with_seven_submarines_alongside_at_San_Diego%2C_California_%28USA%29%2C_on_24_December_1934_%2880-G-63334%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/USS_Holland_%28AS-3%29_with_seven_submarines_alongside_at_San_Diego%2C_California_%28USA%29%2C_on_24_December_1934_%2880-G-63334%29.jpg/450px-USS_Holland_%28AS-3%29_with_seven_submarines_alongside_at_San_Diego%2C_California_%28USA%29%2C_on_24_December_1934_%2880-G-63334%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/USS_Holland_%28AS-3%29_with_seven_submarines_alongside_at_San_Diego%2C_California_%28USA%29%2C_on_24_December_1934_%2880-G-63334%29.jpg/600px-USS_Holland_%28AS-3%29_with_seven_submarines_alongside_at_San_Diego%2C_California_%28USA%29%2C_on_24_December_1934_%2880-G-63334%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="596" /></a></span><div>V-boats (left to right): <a href="/wiki/USS_Cachalot_(SS-170)" title="USS Cachalot (SS-170)"><i>Cachalot</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Dolphin_(SS-169)" title="USS Dolphin (SS-169)"><i>Dolphin</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Barracuda_(SS-163)" title="USS Barracuda (SS-163)"><i>Barracuda</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Bass_(SS-164)" title="USS Bass (SS-164)"><i>Bass</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Bonita_(SS-165)" title="USS Bonita (SS-165)"><i>Bonita</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Nautilus_(SS-168)" title="USS Nautilus (SS-168)"><i>Nautilus</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Narwhal_(SS-167)" title="USS Narwhal (SS-167)"><i>Narwhal</i></a>, with <a href="/wiki/Submarine_tender" title="Submarine tender">submarine tender</a> <a href="/wiki/USS_Holland_(AS-3)" title="USS Holland (AS-3)"><i>Holland</i></a>.</div> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Class overview</th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Builders</td><td><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Naval_Shipyard" title="Portsmouth Naval Shipyard">Portsmouth Naval Shipyard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mare_Island_Naval_Shipyard" title="Mare Island Naval Shipyard">Mare Island Naval Shipyard</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_Electric_Boat" title="General Dynamics Electric Boat">Electric Boat Company</a><sup id="cite_ref-FriedmanSubs1-dates_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FriedmanSubs1-dates-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Operators</td><td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Preceded by</td><td><a href="/wiki/United_States_S-class_submarine" title="United States S-class submarine">S class</a> and <a href="/wiki/AA-1-class_submarine" title="AA-1-class submarine">T class</a><sup id="cite_ref-Register_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Register-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Succeeded by</td><td><a href="/wiki/United_States_Porpoise-class_submarine" title="United States Porpoise-class submarine"><i>Porpoise</i> class</a><sup id="cite_ref-Register_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Register-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Built</td><td>1921–1934<sup id="cite_ref-FriedmanSubs1-dates_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FriedmanSubs1-dates-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">In commission</td><td>1924–1945<sup id="cite_ref-FriedmanSubs1-dates_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FriedmanSubs1-dates-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Completed</td><td>9<sup id="cite_ref-Register_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Register-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Lost</td><td>1<sup id="cite_ref-Register_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Register-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Retired</td><td>8<sup id="cite_ref-Register_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Register-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>The <b>V-boats</b> were a group of nine <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> <a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">submarines</a> built between <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> from 1921 to 1934 under authorization as the "fleet boat" program. </p><p>The term "V-boats" as used includes five separate classes of submarines: large, fast <a href="/wiki/Fleet_submarine" title="Fleet submarine">fleet submarines</a> (<i>V-1</i> through <i>V-3</i>), large long-range submarines (the minelayer <i>V-4</i> and two <a href="/wiki/Cruiser_submarine" title="Cruiser submarine">submarine cruisers</a> <i>V-5</i> and <i>V-6</i>) and three medium-sized submarines (<i>V-7</i> through <i>V-9</i>). </p><p>The successful fleet submarines of World War II (<a href="/wiki/Tambor-class_submarine" title="Tambor-class submarine"><i>Tambor</i> class</a> through <a href="/wiki/Tench-class_submarine" title="Tench-class submarine"><i>Tench</i> class</a>) were descended from the last three, especially <i>V-7</i>, though somewhat larger with pure <a href="/wiki/Diesel-electric" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel-electric">diesel-electric</a> propulsion systems. </p><p>Originally called USS <i>V-1</i> through <i>V-9</i> (SS-163 through SS-171), in 1931 the nine submarines were renamed <a href="/wiki/USS_Barracuda_(SS-163)" title="USS Barracuda (SS-163)"><i>Barracuda</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Bass_(SS-164)" title="USS Bass (SS-164)"><i>Bass</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Bonita_(SS-165)" title="USS Bonita (SS-165)"><i>Bonita</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Argonaut_(SM-1)" title="USS Argonaut (SM-1)"><i>Argonaut</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Narwhal_(SS-167)" title="USS Narwhal (SS-167)"><i>Narwhal</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Nautilus_(SS-168)" title="USS Nautilus (SS-168)"><i>Nautilus</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Dolphin_(SS-169)" title="USS Dolphin (SS-169)"><i>Dolphin</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/USS_Cachalot_(SS-170)" title="USS Cachalot (SS-170)"><i>Cachalot</i></a>, and <a href="/wiki/USS_Cuttlefish_(SS-171)" title="USS Cuttlefish (SS-171)"><i>Cuttlefish</i></a>, respectively. All served in <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, six of them on war patrols in the central Pacific. <i>Argonaut</i> was lost to enemy action. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V-boat&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the early 1910s, only 12 years after <a href="/wiki/USS_Holland_(SS-1)" title="USS Holland (SS-1)"><i>Holland</i></a> inaugurated the Navy's undersea force, naval strategists had already begun to wish for submarines that could operate in closer collaboration with the surface fleet than the Navy's existing classes, which had been designed primarily for coastal defense. These notional "fleet" submarines would necessarily be larger and better armed, but primarily, they would need a surface speed of some 21 <a href="/wiki/Knot_(unit)" title="Knot (unit)">kn</a> (24 mph; 39 km/h) to be able to maneuver with the 21-knot <a href="/wiki/Battleship" title="Battleship">battleships</a> around which the battle fleet was built. This was the designed speed of the <a href="/wiki/Delaware-class_battleship" title="Delaware-class battleship"><i>Delaware</i> class</a> and later battleships, including the <a href="/wiki/Standard-type_battleship" title="Standard-type battleship">standard-type battleships</a> that were under construction and proposed in 1913. </p><p>In the summer of 1913, <a href="/wiki/Electric_Boat" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric Boat">Electric Boat</a>'s chief naval architect, former naval constructor <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Y._Spear" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence Y. Spear">Lawrence Y. Spear</a>, proposed two preliminary fleet-boat designs for consideration in the Navy's 1914 program. In the ensuing authorization of eight submarines, Congress specified that one should "be of a seagoing type to have a surface speed of not less than twenty knots". This first fleet boat, laid down in June 1916, was named <a href="/wiki/USS_T-1_(SS-52)" title="USS T-1 (SS-52)">USS <i>Schley</i></a> after <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a> hero <a href="/wiki/Winfield_Scott_Schley" title="Winfield Scott Schley">Winfield Scott Schley</a>. With a displacement of 1,106 long tons (1,124 t) surfaced, 1,487 long tons (1,511 t) submerged, on a length of 270 ft (82 m), <i>Schley</i> (later <i>AA-1</i>, and finally <i>T-1</i>) was twice as large as any previous U.S. submarine. To achieve the required surface speed, two tandem 1,000 <a href="/wiki/Horsepower" title="Horsepower">hp</a> (750 kW) diesel engines on each shaft drove twin screws, and a separate diesel generator was provided for charging batteries. Although <i>Schley</i> and two sisters authorized in 1915—<a href="/wiki/USS_T-2_(SS-60)" title="USS T-2 (SS-60)">USS <i>T-2</i> (SS-60)</a> (originally <i>AA-2</i>), and <a href="/wiki/USS_T-3" title="USS T-3">USS <i>T-3</i> (SS-61)</a> (originally <i>AA-3</i>)—all made their design speed of 20 kn (23 mph; 37 km/h), insoluble torsional vibration problems with their tandem engines made them very troublesome ships, and they were decommissioned in 1922-1923 after a service life of only a few years. As the engines were clutched together, perfectly synchronizing operation of the engines was impossible. </p><p>In 1916, well before the <a href="/wiki/United_States_T-class_submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="United States T-class submarine">T class</a> debacle transpired, Congress authorized 58 coastal submarines and nine additional "fleet" boats. Three of the larger 800 long tons (813 t) coastal boats eventually became competing prototypes for the long-lived, 51-member <a href="/wiki/United_States_S-class_submarine" title="United States S-class submarine">S class</a>. The nine "fleet boats" became the "V-boats", built between 1921 and 1934, and in fact, they were the only U.S. submarines produced in that period. Although <i>V-4</i>, <i>V-5</i>, and <i>V-6</i> were the largest US non-nuclear submarines ever built, only <i>V-1</i> through <i>V-3</i> were designed to reach a speed of 21 knots. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="V-1_through_V-3—the_Barracudas"><span id="V-1_through_V-3.E2.80.94the_Barracudas"></span><i>V-1</i> through <i>V-3</i>—the <i>Barracuda</i>s</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V-boat&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: V-1 through V-3—the Barracudas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first three V-boats were funded in fiscal year 1919, laid down at the <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Navy_Yard" class="mw-redirect" title="Portsmouth Navy Yard">Portsmouth Navy Yard</a> in October and November 1921, and commissioned somewhat less than a year apart between 1924 and 1926. Significantly, <i>V-1</i>, <i>V-2</i>, and <i>V-3</i> were the only members of the class designed to satisfy the Navy's original "fleet boat" requirement for high surface speed. These were large and powerfully engined submarines, displacing 2,119 long tons (2,153 t) surfaced and 2,506 long tons (2,546 t) submerged on a length of 342 ft (104 m). The propulsion plant was divided between two separate engine rooms—forward and aft of the control room—with two 2,250 hp (1,680 kW) main-propulsion <a href="/wiki/Direct-drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct-drive">direct-drive</a> <a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">diesels</a> aft, and two independent 1,000 hp (750 kW) <a href="/wiki/Diesel_generator" title="Diesel generator">diesel generators</a> forward. The latter were primarily for charging batteries, but to reach maximum surface speed, they could augment the mechanically coupled main-propulsion engines by driving the 1,200 hp (890 kW) <a href="/wiki/Electric_motor" title="Electric motor">electric motors</a> in parallel. This partial <a href="/wiki/Diesel-electric" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel-electric">diesel-electric</a> propulsion system foreshadowed the later successful all-diesel-electric submarines, although nearly 10 years of development were required before it was reliable. The three boats were partially double-hulled and fitted forward with buoyancy tanks inside a bulbous bow for better surface sea-keeping. They were armed with six 21-inch (533 mm) <a href="/wiki/Torpedo_tube" title="Torpedo tube">torpedo tubes</a>, four forward and two aft with 12 <a href="/wiki/Torpedo" title="Torpedo">torpedoes</a>, plus a <a href="/wiki/5%22/51_caliber_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="5"/51 caliber gun">5-inch (127 mm)/51 caliber</a> <a href="/wiki/Deck_gun" title="Deck gun">deck gun</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Unfortunately, the first three V-boats had poor operational performance. Designed for 21 kn (24 mph; 39 km/h) on the surface, they only made 18.7 kn (21.5 mph), and also failed to make their submerged design speed of 9 kn (10 mph; 17 km/h). As built, they were somewhat too heavy forward, which made them poor sea boats, even after replacing the original deck guns with smaller <a href="/wiki/3%22/50_caliber_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="3"/50 caliber gun">3-inch (76 mm)/50 caliber</a> models to save weight in 1928. Moreover, both the main propulsion diesel engines and their original electric motors were notoriously unreliable, and full-power availability was rare. Renamed <i>Barracuda</i>, <i>Bass</i>, and <i>Bonita</i> in 1931, they were decommissioned in 1937, and only the imminence of World War II provided a reprieve, in preparation for which they were recommissioned in September 1940. Just before Pearl Harbor, the three boats were transferred to <a href="/wiki/Coco_Solo" title="Coco Solo">Coco Solo</a>, Panama Canal Zone, and each made a number of defensive war patrols (without seeing any action) off the approaches to the <a href="/wiki/Panama_Canal" title="Panama Canal">Panama Canal</a>. </p><p>All three boats were overhauled in <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Navy_Yard" class="mw-redirect" title="Philadelphia Navy Yard">Philadelphia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a>, in late 1942 and early 1943, and converted to cargo submarines by removing both torpedo tubes and main engines, thereby leaving them solely dependent on their diesel generators for propulsion. Because this rendered the boats severely underpowered, they apparently never served operationally in their cargo-carrying role, but instead were relegated to training duties at <a href="/wiki/Submarine_Base_New_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Submarine Base New London">New London</a> until just before the end of the war in 1945. After decommissioning, <i>Barracuda</i> and <i>Bonita</i> were scrapped, and <i>Bass</i> was scuttled as a <a href="/wiki/Sonar" title="Sonar">sonar</a> target near <a href="/wiki/Block_Island" title="Block Island">Block Island</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">Rhode Island</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="V-4—Argonaut"><span id="V-4.E2.80.94Argonaut"></span><i>V-4</i>—<i>Argonaut</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V-boat&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: V-4—Argonaut"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Displacing 4,164 long tons (4,231 t), submerged, <i>V-4</i>—later <a href="/wiki/USS_Argonaut_(SM-1)" title="USS Argonaut (SM-1)">USS <i>Argonaut</i> (SM-1)</a>—was both the largest submarine the Navy ever built before the advent of nuclear power and the only U.S. submarine specifically designed as a <a href="/wiki/Minelayer" title="Minelayer">minelayer</a>. Her configuration, and that of the following <i>V-5</i> and <i>V-6</i>, resulted from an evolving strategic concept that increasingly emphasized the possibility of a naval war with Japan in the far western Pacific. This factor, and the implications of the 1922 <a href="/wiki/Washington_Naval_Treaty" title="Washington Naval Treaty">Washington Naval Treaty</a>, suggested the need for long-range submarine "cruisers", or "strategic scouts", as well as long-range minelayers, for which long endurance, not high speed, was most important. The design was possibly influenced by the German "U-cruisers" of the <a href="/wiki/German_Type_U_139_submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="German Type U 139 submarine">Type U-139</a> and <a href="/wiki/German_Type_U_151_submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="German Type U 151 submarine">Type U-151</a> <a href="/wiki/U-boat" title="U-boat">U-boat</a> classes, although <i>V-4</i>, <i>V-5</i>, and <i>V-6</i> were all larger than these. Funded in fiscal year 1925, laid down at Portsmouth in May of that year, and commissioned in April 1928, <i>V-4</i> was 381 ft (116 m) long overall and carried four 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes forward and two 40 in (1,000 mm) mine-laying chutes and their associated mechanical handling equipment aft. Two <a href="/wiki/6%22/53_caliber_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="6"/53 caliber gun">6-inch (152 mm)/53 caliber</a> <a href="/wiki/Deck_gun" title="Deck gun">deck guns</a> were equipped, the largest deck guns ever on a US submarine. Considerable engine room volume was sacrificed to achieve an internal payload of 60 specially designed Mark XI moored mines, and consequently, the main propulsion diesels were limited to a total of 2,800 hp (2,100 kW), yielding only 15 kn (17 mph; 28 km/h) on the surface. </p><p>The <i>V-4</i> was a significant boat in that it was the first submarine in the USN to incorporate welding in its construction. All submarines prior to <i>V-4</i> were of all-riveted construction. Engineers at Portsmouth Navy Yard, led by Navy welding expert James W. Owens, experimented with welding for the first time during her construction. Welding was used in non-critical areas such as the superstructure, piping brackets, and support framing. The rest of the <i>V-4'</i>s construction, including the pressure hull, was riveted or bolted. The rest of the V-class, to some extent, incorporated welding into their construction.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An over-large, under-powered, and one-of-a-kind submarine, <i>Argonaut</i> was never particularly successful, but stayed in commission all through the 1930s. Early in World War II, she was re-engined at <a href="/wiki/Mare_Island_Navy_Yard" class="mw-redirect" title="Mare Island Navy Yard">Mare Island</a> to increase her main propulsion output to 4,800 hp (3,600 kW), and additionally received two external stern torpedo tubes and two stern deck stowage tubes.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite having never laid a mine in anger, her mine-laying gear was stripped out at this time to prepare for conversion to a troop-carrying submarine. Then, at <a href="/wiki/Pearl_Harbor" title="Pearl Harbor">Pearl Harbor</a>, the conversion was completed. In that guise, and accompanied by <i>Nautilus</i>, she participated in the <a href="/wiki/US_Marine_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="US Marine Corps">US Marine</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Makin_raid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Makin raid (page does not exist)">assault</a> on Japanese-held <a href="/wiki/Makin_Atoll" class="mw-redirect" title="Makin Atoll">Makin Atoll</a> by <a href="/wiki/Carlson%27s_Raiders" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlson's Raiders">Carlson's Raiders</a> in August 1942. In transferring to <a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, late that year, <i>Argonaut</i> was diverted to a war patrol near <a href="/wiki/Bougainville_Island" title="Bougainville Island">Bougainville</a> in the northern <a href="/wiki/Solomon_Islands" title="Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a>, and was lost with all hands on 10 January 1943 after attacking a heavily defended Japanese convoy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="V-5_and_V-6—Narwhal_and_Nautilus"><span id="V-5_and_V-6.E2.80.94Narwhal_and_Nautilus"></span><i>V-5</i> and <i>V-6</i>—<i>Narwhal</i> and <i>Nautilus</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V-boat&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: V-5 and V-6—Narwhal and Nautilus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In their overall appearance and dimensions, <i>V-5</i>, later <i>Narwhal</i> and <i>V-6</i>, later <i>Nautilus</i> were similar to <i>Argonaut</i> and constituted "<a href="/wiki/Submarine_cruiser" class="mw-redirect" title="Submarine cruiser">submarine cruiser</a>" counterparts at least partially inspired by German success with long-range submarine commerce raiders of the <a href="/wiki/German_Type_U_139_submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="German Type U 139 submarine">Type U-139</a> and <a href="/wiki/German_Type_U_151_submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="German Type U 151 submarine">Type U-151</a> <a href="/wiki/U-boat" title="U-boat">U-boat</a> classes in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. Endurance, sea-keeping, increased torpedo capacity, and large deck guns were emphasized at the cost of high speed; and originally, a small scouting seaplane was to be carried in a water-tight hangar abaft the <a href="/wiki/Conning_tower" title="Conning tower">conning tower</a>. The Navy had experimented with seaplanes on submarines with a prototype hangar installation on <a href="/wiki/USS_S-1" title="USS S-1">USS <i>S-1</i> (SS-105)</a> during the mid-1920s. However, the resulting increase in scouting capability was significantly offset by several additional dangers to the host submarine, and the initiative was dropped. </p><p>The two double-hulled boats displaced 2,730 long tons (2,774 t) on the surface and 3,900 long tons (3,963 t) submerged on a length of 370 ft (110 m). They displayed prominent "surface-ship" characteristics, notably high freeboard and an expansive deck structure. Each was powered by two 10-cylinder, two-stroke, 2,350 hp (1,750 kW) <a href="/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE">MAN</a> diesel engines (designed by the German firm that built engines that powered many German U-boats of World War I, the rights to which the U.S. Navy purchased to build domestically for their own submarines). They also had a pair of smaller 450 hp (340 kW) diesel-powered generators for charging batteries or augmenting the main propulsion engines on the surface. On trials, the two boats achieved nearly 17.5 kn (20.1 mph; 32.4 km/h) surfaced and 8 kn (9.2 mph; 15 km/h) submerged, and their claimed endurance was 18,000 <a href="/wiki/Mile" title="Mile">mi</a> (16,000 <a href="/wiki/Nautical_mile" title="Nautical mile">nmi</a>; 29,000 <a href="/wiki/Kilometre" title="Kilometre">km</a>) at 10 kn (12 mph; 19 km/h). In addition to the customary torpedo tubes—four forward and two aft with 24<sup id="cite_ref-Lenton33_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lenton33-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Torpedo" title="Torpedo">torpedoes</a> (eight external)<sup id="cite_ref-Lenton33_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lenton33-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>—they (and <i>Argonaut</i>) carried two <a href="/wiki/6%22/53_caliber_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="6"/53 caliber gun">6-inch (152 mm)/53 caliber</a> <a href="/wiki/Deck_gun" title="Deck gun">deck guns</a>, the largest ever mounted on U.S. submarines. </p><p>Funded in 1926 and commissioned in 1930, <i>V-5</i> and <i>V-6</i> emerged as too large and unwieldy for fully successful operation: slow to dive, hard to maneuver, and easy to detect. Nonetheless, as <i>Narwhal</i> and <i>Nautilus</i>, they served usefully in the 1930s, and just before World War II <i>Nautilus</i> was modified to carry 20,000 US gal (76,000 L) of aviation gasoline for refueling seaplanes at sea. Early in the war, each was re-fitted with four 1,600 hp (1,200 kW) <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> diesels and four additional external torpedo tubes (two bow and two stern), and despite their age and inherent design flaws, they went on to compile enviable war records. </p><p><i>Narwhal</i> completed 15 successful war patrols and <i>Nautilus</i> 14, and between them, they are credited with sinking 13 enemy ships for a total of 35,000 tons. Somewhat more serendipitously, their large size made them useful for carrying both troops and cargo on covert missions. Thus, <i>Nautilus</i> joined with <i>Argonaut</i> in transporting <a href="/wiki/Carlson%27s_Raiders" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlson's Raiders">Carlson's Raiders</a> to <a href="/wiki/Makin_Raid" class="mw-redirect" title="Makin Raid">Makin Atoll</a>, and then with <i>Narwhal</i>, landed a strong detachment of the US Army's <a href="/wiki/Alaskan_Scouts" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaskan Scouts">Alaskan Scouts</a> on <a href="/wiki/Attu_Island" title="Attu Island">Attu</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Aleutian_Islands" title="Aleutian Islands">Aleutian Islands</a>, preparatory to the main landing that regained that island from the Japanese in May 1943. For the final two years of the war, the two boats were devoted almost exclusively to clandestine insertion and retrieval operations behind enemy lines, particularly in <a href="/wiki/Philippine_resistance_against_Japan" title="Philippine resistance against Japan">preparation for the U.S. campaign to retake the Philippines</a>. </p><p>With the end of the war in sight, <i>Narwhal</i> and <i>Nautilus</i> were withdrawn from service in April and June 1945, respectively, and sold for breaking up soon thereafter. <i>Narwhal'</i>s 6-inch (152 mm) guns are retained as a memorial at the <a href="/wiki/Naval_Submarine_Base_New_London" title="Naval Submarine Base New London">Naval Submarine Base New London</a>, <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="V-7—Dolphin"><span id="V-7.E2.80.94Dolphin"></span><i>V-7</i>—<i>Dolphin</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V-boat&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: V-7—Dolphin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The penultimate design in the V-boat series was laid down at Portsmouth in June 1930 as <i>V-7</i> and was launched as <a href="/wiki/USS_Dolphin_(SS-169)" title="USS Dolphin (SS-169)"><i>Dolphin</i></a> two years later. With her name changed while she was still on the building slip, she never officially carried the name <i>V-7</i> during her commissioned life.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With a length of 319 ft (97 m) and a displacement only a little more than half that of her three predecessors (1,718 long tons (1,746 t) surfaced, 2,240 long tons (2,276 t) submerged), <i>Dolphin</i> was clearly an attempt to strike a happy medium between those latter ships and earlier <a href="/wiki/United_States_S-class_submarine" title="United States S-class submarine">S-class submarines</a>, which were little more than large coastal boats. The general arrangement of propulsion machinery was identical to that of <i>V-5</i> and <i>V-6</i>, but even with a surface displacement of only 1,718 tons, <i>Dolphin'</i>s scaled-down main engines—rated at 1,750 hp (1,300 kW) each—could only just deliver the surface speed of the larger ships, and her endurance and torpedo load-out were much reduced. The torpedo armament was six 21-inch (533 mm) tubes (4 bow, 2 stern), with 18 torpedoes. A <a href="/wiki/4%22/50_caliber_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="4"/50 caliber gun">4-inch (102 mm)/50 caliber</a> deck gun was equipped. <i>Dolphin'</i>s size and weight were nearly ideal for the range and duration of the war patrols that became customary in the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific</a> during World War II, and the war-time <a href="/wiki/Gato-class_submarine" title="Gato-class submarine"><i>Gato</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Balao-class_submarine" title="Balao-class submarine"><i>Balao</i></a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tench-class_submarine" title="Tench-class submarine"><i>Tench</i></a> classes had similar dimensions. Portsmouth continued the experiments with welding that were begun on <i>V-4</i>, <i>5</i>, and <i>6</i>, and expanded it to include portions of the internal framing, tanks, and outer hull.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Early in the war, <i>Dolphin</i> made three patrols from Pearl Harbor without notable distinction, and her deteriorating material condition soon restricted her to training duties, first in <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>, and then at <a href="/wiki/Naval_Submarine_Base_New_London" title="Naval Submarine Base New London">New London</a>, <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a>, for the duration of the war. She was decommissioned in October 1945 and sold for scrapping a year later. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="V-8_and_V-9—Cachalot_and_Cuttlefish"><span id="V-8_and_V-9.E2.80.94Cachalot_and_Cuttlefish"></span><i>V-8</i> and <i>V-9</i>—<i>Cachalot</i> and <i>Cuttlefish</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V-boat&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: V-8 and V-9—Cachalot and Cuttlefish"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Even before <i>V-5</i> and <i>V-6</i> had been completed and <i>V-7</i> laid down, submarine officer opinion had begun to shift in favor of smaller boats similar to Germany's 1,200-ton <a href="/wiki/SM_U-135" title="SM U-135">SM <i>U-135</i></a> design from World War I. Then, when the <a href="/wiki/London_Naval_Treaty" title="London Naval Treaty">London Naval Treaty</a> of 1930 for the first time imposed international limits on total submarine tonnage, the incentive to build smaller ships became especially compelling. The restrictions of the <a href="/wiki/London_Naval_Treaty" title="London Naval Treaty">London Naval Treaty</a> were a factor in the disposal in 1930 of <i>T-1</i>, <i>T-2</i>, and <i>T-3</i>, which had been laid up for nearly a decade. By special agreement, <i>Argonaut</i>, <i>Narwhal</i>, and <i>Nautilus</i> were exempted from the treaty limitations. </p><p>An extensive study was conducted to determine the optimum submarine size under the treaty restrictions, factoring in total force, endurance, and percentage of the force that could be maintained on station far from a base, as in a Pacific war scenario.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The result was the two smallest V-boats, <a href="/wiki/USS_Cachalot_(SS-170)" title="USS Cachalot (SS-170)"><i>Cachalot</i></a> (originally <i>V-8</i>) and <a href="/wiki/USS_Cuttlefish_(SS-171)" title="USS Cuttlefish (SS-171)"><i>Cuttlefish</i></a> (originally <i>V-9</i>), funded in fiscal year 1932. At 271 ft (83 m) overall and only 1,130 long tons (1,148 t) surface displacement, <i>Cachalot</i> and <i>Cuttlefish</i> were even smaller than the <a href="/wiki/AA-1-class_submarine" title="AA-1-class submarine"><i>T</i>-boats</a> of 15 years earlier. The engineering plant consisted of two innovative, compact <a href="/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE"><i>Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg</i></a> (MAN)-designed, <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Steam_Engineering" title="Bureau of Steam Engineering">BuEng</a>-built main diesels, supposedly capable of delivering 1,535 hp (1,145 kW) each, plus a single diesel generator rated at 440 hp (330 kW). Although the boats approached 17 kn (20 mph; 31 km/h) on trials, the new MAN engines failed repeatedly from excessive vibration and were replaced in 1938 by General Motors diesels with reduction gearing. The armament was similar to <i>Dolphin</i>: six 21-inch (533 mm) torpedo tubes (4 bow, 2 stern), with 16 torpedoes. A <a href="/wiki/3%22/50_caliber_gun" class="mw-redirect" title="3"/50 caliber gun">3-inch (76 mm)/50 caliber</a> deck gun was equipped, a decrease in gun caliber that would persist through early World War II. In the 1930s it was felt that a larger gun would encourage submarine captains to fight on the surface against superior anti-submarine ships, but eventually war experience showed that a larger gun was needed.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Navy assigned <i>Cuttlefish</i> to the <a href="/wiki/Electric_Boat_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric Boat Company">Electric Boat Company</a>, the first submarine contract award to a private yard since the last of the <i>S</i>-class in 1918. Accordingly, <i>Cuttlefish</i> differed from her <a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Navy_Yard" class="mw-redirect" title="Portsmouth Navy Yard">Portsmouth</a>-built sister, <i>Cachalot</i>, in many respects, including more spacious internal arrangements, and the first installation of air conditioning on a U.S. submarine. Electric Boat expanded on the use of welding with their boat, with much of the outer hull being welded, but with the internal pressure hull still riveted.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moreover, <i>Cachalot</i> and <i>Cuttlefish</i> served as the first test beds for the Mark I <a href="/wiki/Torpedo_Data_Computer" title="Torpedo Data Computer">Torpedo Data Computer</a> that revolutionized underwater fire control in the mid-1930s. </p><p>Unfortunately, because small size severely limited their speed, endurance, and weapons load, neither boat was successful under the conditions of the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific War</a>. Each did three scoreless war patrols in the central and western Pacific, and <i>Cachalot</i> did one in <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska Territory">Alaskan</a> waters, but by late 1942, it was clear both were out-classed and worn out, and they finished the war at <a href="/wiki/Submarine_Base_New_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Submarine Base New London">New London</a> as training ships. The two were decommissioned in October 1945 and broken up several years later. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Submarines">Submarines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V-boat&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Submarines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/V-boat" title="Special:EditPage/V-boat">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In 1920, the Navy adopted a <a href="/wiki/Hull_classification_symbol" title="Hull classification symbol">hull number</a> scheme that distinguished between coastal and general purpose boats, designated "SS"; and fleet boats, designated "SF." Accordingly, <i>T-1</i> through <i>T-3</i> were originally designated SF-1 through SF-3, and <i>V-1</i> through <i>V-7</i> were designated SF-4 through SF-10. The system was changed to designate V-boats as "SC" (cruiser submarines) before <i>V-8</i> and <i>V-9</i> were ordered. In 1931 all received names, and all except <i>V-4</i> were redesignated in the "SS" series. <i>V-4</i> was also designated SM-1 at one time, as a "submarine mine-layer". </p> <table class="sortable wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption>Construction data </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Ship name and <abbr title="hull number">hull no.</abbr> in 1931 </th> <th scope="col">Ship name and <abbr title="hull number">hull no.</abbr> as ordered </th> <th scope="col">Builder </th> <th scope="col">Laid Down </th> <th scope="col">Launched </th> <th scope="col">Commissioned </th> <th scope="col">Decommissioned </th> <th scope="col">Fate </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/USS_Barracuda_(SS-163)" title="USS Barracuda (SS-163)"><i>Barracuda</i> (SS-163)</a> </th> <td><i>V-1</i> (SF-4) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Naval_Shipyard" title="Portsmouth Naval Shipyard">Portsmouth Naval Shipyard</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">20 October 1921 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">17 July 1924 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1 October 1924 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">3 March 1945 </td> <td>Scrapped 1945 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/USS_Bass_(SS-164)" title="USS Bass (SS-164)"><i>Bass</i> (SS-164)</a> </th> <td><i>V-2</i> (SF-5) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Naval_Shipyard" title="Portsmouth Naval Shipyard">Portsmouth Naval Shipyard</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">20 October 1921 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">27 December 1924 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">26 September 1925 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">3 March 1945 </td> <td>Scuttled 1945 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/USS_Bonita_(SS-165)" title="USS Bonita (SS-165)"><i>Bonita</i> (SS-165)</a> </th> <td><i>V-3</i> (SF-6) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Naval_Shipyard" title="Portsmouth Naval Shipyard">Portsmouth Naval Shipyard</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">16 November 1921 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">9 June 1925 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">22 May 1926 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">3 March 1945 </td> <td>Scrapped 1945 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/USS_Argonaut_(SM-1)" title="USS Argonaut (SM-1)"><i>Argonaut</i> (SM-1)</a> </th> <td><i>V-4</i> (SF-7) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Naval_Shipyard" title="Portsmouth Naval Shipyard">Portsmouth Naval Shipyard</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1 May 1925 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">10 November 1927 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">2 April 1928 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">10 January 1943 </td> <td>Lost to enemy action 10 January 1943 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/USS_Narwhal_(SS-167)" title="USS Narwhal (SS-167)"><i>Narwhal</i> (SS-167)</a> </th> <td><i>V-5</i> (SF-8/SC-1) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Naval_Shipyard" title="Portsmouth Naval Shipyard">Portsmouth Naval Shipyard</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">10 May 1927 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">17 December 1928 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">15 May 1930 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">23 April 1945 </td> <td>Scrapped 1945 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/USS_Nautilus_(SS-168)" title="USS Nautilus (SS-168)"><i>Nautilus</i> (SS-168)</a> </th> <td><i>V-6</i> (SF-9/SC-2) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mare_Island_Naval_Shipyard" title="Mare Island Naval Shipyard">Mare Island Naval Shipyard</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">2 August 1927 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">15 March 1930 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1 July 1930 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">30 June 1945 </td> <td>Scrapped 1945 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/USS_Dolphin_(SS-169)" title="USS Dolphin (SS-169)"><i>Dolphin</i> (SS-169)</a> </th> <td><i>V-7</i> (SF-10/SC-3) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Naval_Shipyard" title="Portsmouth Naval Shipyard">Portsmouth Naval Shipyard</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">14 June 1930 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">8 March 1932 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1 June 1932 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">2 October 1945 </td> <td>Scrapped 1946 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/USS_Cachalot_(SS-170)" title="USS Cachalot (SS-170)"><i>Cachalot</i> (SS-170)</a> </th> <td><i>V-8</i> (SC-4) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portsmouth_Naval_Shipyard" title="Portsmouth Naval Shipyard">Portsmouth Naval Shipyard</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">21 October 1931 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">19 October 1933 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">1 December 1933 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">17 October 1945 </td> <td>Scrapped 1947 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/USS_Cuttlefish_(SS-171)" title="USS Cuttlefish (SS-171)"><i>Cuttlefish</i> (SS-171)</a> </th> <td><i>V-9</i> (SC-5) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Electric_Boat_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric Boat Company">Electric Boat Company</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right;">7 October 1931 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">21 November 1933 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">8 June 1934 </td> <td style="text-align: right;">24 October 1945 </td> <td>Scrapped 1947 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V-boat&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allied_submarines_in_the_Pacific_War" title="Allied submarines in the Pacific War">Allied submarines in the Pacific War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unrestricted_submarine_warfare" title="Unrestricted submarine warfare">Unrestricted submarine warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo" title="Torpedo">Torpedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_submarine_classes_of_the_United_States_Navy" title="List of submarine classes of the United States Navy">List of submarine classes of the United States Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lost_United_States_submarines" title="List of lost United States submarines">List of lost United States submarines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_submarines_of_the_Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="List of submarines of the Second World War">List of submarines of the Second World War</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V-boat&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FriedmanSubs1-dates-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FriedmanSubs1-dates_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FriedmanSubs1-dates_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FriedmanSubs1-dates_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFriedman1995" class="citation book cs1">Friedman, Norman (1995). <i>U.S. Submarines Through 1945: An Illustrated Design History</i>. <a href="/wiki/Annapolis,_Maryland" title="Annapolis, Maryland">Annapolis, Maryland</a>: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Naval_Institute" title="United States Naval Institute">United States Naval Institute</a>. pp. 285–304. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55750-263-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-55750-263-3"><bdi>1-55750-263-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=U.S.+Submarines+Through+1945%3A+An+Illustrated+Design+History&rft.place=Annapolis%2C+Maryland&rft.pages=285-304&rft.pub=United+States+Naval+Institute&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=1-55750-263-3&rft.aulast=Friedman&rft.aufirst=Norman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV-boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Register-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Register_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Register_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Register_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Register_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Register_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchlesmanRoberts,_Stephen_S.1991" class="citation book cs1">Schlesman, Bruce; Roberts, Stephen S. (1991). <i>Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775–1990: Major Combatants</i>. <a href="/wiki/Westport,_Connecticut" title="Westport, Connecticut">Westport, Connecticut</a>: Greenwood Press. pp. 265–268. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-26202-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-26202-0"><bdi>0-313-26202-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Register+of+Ships+of+the+U.S.+Navy%2C+1775%E2%80%931990%3A+Major+Combatants&rft.place=Westport%2C+Connecticut&rft.pages=265-268&rft.pub=Greenwood+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-313-26202-0&rft.aulast=Schlesman&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.au=Roberts%2C+Stephen+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV-boat" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gardiner and Chesneau, pp. 141-143</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"No More Heads or Tails", Johnston, pp. 50-52</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pigboats.com/index.php?title=V-class">PigBoat.COM V-class page</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Friedman, p. 176</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lenton33-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lenton33_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lenton33_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lenton, H.T. <i>American Submarines</i> (New York: Doubleday, 1973), p.33.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alden, pp. 249</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"No More Heads or Tails", Johnston, pp. 52-55</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pigboats.com/index.php?title=Dolphin">PigBoats.COM Dolphin pages</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Friedman, pp. 189-193</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Friedman, p. 193</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"No More Heads or Tails", Johnston, pp. 50-57</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V-boat&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitman2003" class="citation cs2">Whitman, Edward C. (Fall 2003), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.public.navy.mil/subfor/underseawarfaremagazine/Issues/Archives/issue_20/vclass.htm">"The Navy's Variegated V-Class: Out of One, Many?"</a>, <i>Undersea Warfare: The Official Magazine of the U.S. Submarine Force</i>, no. 20</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Undersea+Warfare%3A+The+Official+Magazine+of+the+U.S.+Submarine+Force&rft.atitle=The+Navy%27s+Variegated+V-Class%3A+Out+of+One%2C+Many%3F&rft.ssn=fall&rft.issue=20&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Whitman&rft.aufirst=Edward+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.public.navy.mil%2Fsubfor%2Funderseawarfaremagazine%2FIssues%2FArchives%2Fissue_20%2Fvclass.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV-boat" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Alden, John D., <i>The Fleet Submarine in the U.S. Navy: A Design and Construction History</i> (Naval Institute Press, 1979), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85368-203-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-85368-203-8">0-85368-203-8</a></li> <li>Johnston, David, "No More Heads or Tails: The Adoption of Welding in U.S. Navy Submarines, <i>The Submarine Review</i>, June 2020, pp. 46-64 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pigboats.com/images/3/37/NO_MORE_HEADS_OR_TAILS_TSR_version.pdf">PigBoats.COM Research Papers page, Johnston, David L.</a></li> <li>Schlesman, Bruce and Roberts, Stephen S., "Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775–1990: Major Combatants" (Greenwood Press, 1991), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-313-26202-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-313-26202-0">0-313-26202-0</a></li> <li>Lenton, H. T. <i>American Submarines (Navies of the Second World War)</i> (Doubleday, 1973), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-38504-761-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-38504-761-4">0-38504-761-4</a></li> <li>Silverstone, Paul H., <i>U.S. Warships of World War II</i> (Ian Allan, 1965), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87021-773-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-87021-773-9">0-87021-773-9</a></li> <li>Campbell, John <i>Naval Weapons of World War Two</i> (Naval Institute Press, 1985), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87021-459-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-87021-459-4">0-87021-459-4</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140322093118/http://www.fleetsubmarine.com/sublist.html">US Feet submarine.com Fleetsubmarine.com</a></li> <li>Gardiner, Robert and Chesneau, Roger, <i>Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946</i>, Conway Maritime Press, 1980. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-83170-303-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-83170-303-2">0-83170-303-2</a>.</li> <li>Friedman, Norman <i>US Submarines through 1945: An Illustrated Design History</i>, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis:1995, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55750-263-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-55750-263-3">1-55750-263-3</a>.</li> <li>Dissette, Edward, and H.C. Adamson. (1972). <i>Guerrilla Submarines</i>. Ballantine Books, New York. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-55313-572-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-55313-572-4">0-55313-572-4</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pigboats.com/index.php?title=V-class">PigBoats.COM V-class page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navsource.org/archives/08/04idx.htm">Navsource.org fleet submarines page</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_3-50_mk10-22.htm">DiGiulian, Tony Navweaps.com later 3"/50 caliber gun</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_4-50_mk9.htm">DiGiulian, Tony Navweaps.com 4"/50 caliber gun</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_5-51_mk7.htm">DiGiulian, Tony Navweaps.com 5"/51 caliber gun</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_6-53_mk12.htm">DiGiulian, Tony Navweaps.com 6"/53 caliber gun</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> <i>This article incorporates text from the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a> </i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_American_Naval_Fighting_Ships" title="Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships">Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships</a><i>.</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V-boat&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=u-IDAAAAMBAJ&dq=Popular+Mechanics+1931+curtiss&pg=PA266">"Battleships Ride Under The Sea", February 1931, Popular Mechanics</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 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.navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="V-boats" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:V-boats" title="Template:V-boats"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:V-boats" title="Template talk:V-boats"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:V-boats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:V-boats"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="V-boats" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">V-boats</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Barracuda-class_submarine_(1919)" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Barracuda-class submarine (1919)"><i>Barracuda</i> class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Barracuda_(SS-163)" title="USS Barracuda (SS-163)"><i>V-1</i></a> / <a href="/wiki/USS_Barracuda_(SS-163)" title="USS Barracuda (SS-163)"><i>Barracuda</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Bass_(SS-164)" title="USS Bass (SS-164)"><i>V-2</i></a> / <a href="/wiki/USS_Bass_(SS-164)" title="USS Bass (SS-164)"><i>Bass</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Bonita_(SS-165)" title="USS Bonita (SS-165)"><i>V-3</i></a> / <a href="/wiki/USS_Bonita_(SS-165)" title="USS Bonita (SS-165)"><i>Bonita</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><i>Argonaut</i> class</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Argonaut_(SM-1)" title="USS Argonaut (SM-1)"><i>V-4</i></a> / <a href="/wiki/USS_Argonaut_(SM-1)" title="USS Argonaut (SM-1)"><i>Argonaut</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Narwhal-class_submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="Narwhal-class submarine"><i>Narwhal</i> class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Narwhal_(SS-167)" title="USS Narwhal (SS-167)"><i>V-5</i></a> / <a href="/wiki/USS_Narwhal_(SS-167)" title="USS Narwhal (SS-167)"><i>Narwhal</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Nautilus_(SS-168)" title="USS Nautilus (SS-168)"><i>V-6</i></a> / <a href="/wiki/USS_Nautilus_(SS-168)" title="USS Nautilus (SS-168)"><i>Nautilus</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><i>Dolphin</i> class</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Dolphin" title="USS Dolphin"><i>V-7</i></a> / <a href="/wiki/USS_Dolphin_(SS-169)" title="USS Dolphin (SS-169)"><i>Dolphin</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Cachalot-class_submarine" title="Cachalot-class submarine"><i>Cachalot</i> class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Cachalot_(SS-170)" title="USS Cachalot (SS-170)"><i>V-8</i></a> / <a href="/wiki/USS_Cachalot_(SS-170)" title="USS Cachalot (SS-170)"><i>Cachalot</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Cuttlefish_(SS-171)" title="USS Cuttlefish (SS-171)"><i>V-9</i></a> / <a href="/wiki/USS_Cuttlefish_(SS-171)" title="USS Cuttlefish (SS-171)"><i>Cuttlefish</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_submarines_of_the_United_States_Navy" title="List of submarines of the United States Navy">List of submarines of the United States Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_submarine_classes_of_the_United_States_Navy" title="List of submarine classes of the United States Navy">List of submarine classes of the United States Navy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_naval_ship_classes_of_World_War_II" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:WWII_US_ships" title="Template:WWII US ships"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:WWII_US_ships" title="Template talk:WWII US ships"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:WWII_US_ships" title="Special:EditPage/Template:WWII US ships"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_naval_ship_classes_of_World_War_II" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">United States naval ship classes of World War II</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_carrier" title="Aircraft carrier">Aircraft carriers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lexington-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Lexington-class aircraft carrier"><i>Lexington</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Ranger_(CV-4)" title="USS Ranger (CV-4)"><i>Ranger</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorktown-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Yorktown-class aircraft carrier"><i>Yorktown</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Wasp_(CV-7)" title="USS Wasp (CV-7)"><i>Wasp</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Essex-class aircraft carrier"><i>Essex</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midway-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Midway-class aircraft carrier"><i>Midway</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>C</sup></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Light_aircraft_carrier" title="Light aircraft carrier">Light aircraft carriers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Independence-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Independence-class aircraft carrier"><i>Independence</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saipan-class_aircraft_carrier" title="Saipan-class aircraft carrier"><i>Saipan</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>C</sup></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Escort_carrier" title="Escort carrier">Escort carriers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island-class_escort_carrier" title="Long Island-class escort carrier"><i>Long Island</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charger-class_escort_carrier" class="mw-redirect" title="Charger-class escort carrier"><i>Charger</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogue-class_escort_carrier" title="Bogue-class escort carrier"><i>Bogue</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangamon-class_escort_carrier" title="Sangamon-class escort carrier"><i>Sangamon</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casablanca-class_escort_carrier" title="Casablanca-class escort carrier"><i>Casablanca</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commencement_Bay-class_escort_carrier" title="Commencement Bay-class escort carrier"><i>Commencement Bay</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Battleship" title="Battleship">Battleships</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wyoming-class_battleship" title="Wyoming-class battleship"><i>Wyoming</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York-class_battleship" title="New York-class battleship"><i>New York</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevada-class_battleship" title="Nevada-class battleship"><i>Nevada</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania-class_battleship" title="Pennsylvania-class battleship"><i>Pennsylvania</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Mexico-class_battleship" title="New Mexico-class battleship"><i>New Mexico</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennessee-class_battleship" title="Tennessee-class battleship"><i>Tennessee</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado-class_battleship" title="Colorado-class battleship"><i>Colorado</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina-class_battleship" title="North Carolina-class battleship"><i>North Carolina</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dakota-class_battleship_(1939)" title="South Dakota-class battleship (1939)"><i>South Dakota</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iowa-class_battleship" title="Iowa-class battleship"><i>Iowa</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montana-class_battleship" title="Montana-class battleship"><i>Montana</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>X</sup></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Battlecruiser#Large_cruisers" title="Battlecruiser">Large cruisers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaska-class_cruiser" title="Alaska-class cruiser"><i>Alaska</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Heavy_cruiser" title="Heavy cruiser">Heavy cruisers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pensacola-class_cruiser" title="Pensacola-class cruiser"><i>Pensacola</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northampton-class_cruiser" title="Northampton-class cruiser"><i>Northampton</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland-class_cruiser" title="Portland-class cruiser"><i>Portland</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans-class_cruiser" title="New Orleans-class cruiser"><i>New Orleans</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Wichita_(CA-45)" title="USS Wichita (CA-45)"><i>Wichita</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore-class_cruiser" title="Baltimore-class cruiser"><i>Baltimore</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon_City-class_cruiser" title="Oregon City-class cruiser"><i>Oregon City</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>C</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Des_Moines-class_cruiser" title="Des Moines-class cruiser"><i>Des Moines</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>C</sup></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Light_cruiser" title="Light cruiser">Light cruisers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Omaha-class_cruiser" title="Omaha-class cruiser"><i>Omaha</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn-class_cruiser" title="Brooklyn-class cruiser"><i>Brooklyn</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta-class_cruiser" title="Atlanta-class cruiser"><i>Atlanta</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland-class_cruiser" title="Cleveland-class cruiser"><i>Cleveland</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fargo-class_cruiser" title="Fargo-class cruiser"><i>Fargo</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>C</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juneau-class_cruiser" title="Juneau-class cruiser"><i>Juneau</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>C</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester-class_cruiser" title="Worcester-class cruiser"><i>Worcester</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>C</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CL-154-class_cruiser" title="CL-154-class cruiser">CL-154</a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>X</sup></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Gunboat" title="Gunboat">Gunboats</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dubuque-class_gunboat" title="Dubuque-class gunboat"><i>Dubuque</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Sacramento_(PG-19)" title="USS Sacramento (PG-19)"><i>Sacramento</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asheville-class_gunboat_(1917)" title="Asheville-class gunboat (1917)"><i>Asheville</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Plymouth_(PG-57)" title="USS Plymouth (PG-57)"><i>Plymouth</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Williamsburg" title="USS Williamsburg"><i>Williamsburg</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_St._Augustine" title="USS St. Augustine"><i>St. Augustine</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Vixen_(PG-53)" title="USS Vixen (PG-53)"><i>Vixen</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erie-class_gunboat" title="Erie-class gunboat"><i>Erie</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGM-1-class_motor_gunboat" title="PGM-1-class motor gunboat"><i>PGM-1</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PGM-9-class_motor_gunboat" title="PGM-9-class motor gunboat"><i>PGM-9</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Destroyer" title="Destroyer">Destroyers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sampson-class_destroyer" title="Sampson-class destroyer"><i>Sampson</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caldwell-class_destroyer" title="Caldwell-class destroyer"><i>Caldwell</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wickes-class_destroyer" title="Wickes-class destroyer"><i>Wickes</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clemson-class_destroyer" title="Clemson-class destroyer"><i>Clemson</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farragut-class_destroyer_(1934)" title="Farragut-class destroyer (1934)"><i>Farragut</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porter-class_destroyer" title="Porter-class destroyer"><i>Porter</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahan-class_destroyer" title="Mahan-class destroyer"><i>Mahan</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gridley-class_destroyer" title="Gridley-class destroyer"><i>Gridley</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagley-class_destroyer" title="Bagley-class destroyer"><i>Bagley</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somers-class_destroyer" title="Somers-class destroyer"><i>Somers</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benham-class_destroyer" title="Benham-class destroyer"><i>Benham</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sims-class_destroyer" title="Sims-class destroyer"><i>Sims</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benson-class_destroyer" title="Benson-class destroyer"><i>Benson</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevenson-class_destroyer" title="Stevenson-class destroyer"><i>Stevenson</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>X</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gleaves-class_destroyer" title="Gleaves-class destroyer"><i>Gleaves</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fletcher-class_destroyer" title="Fletcher-class destroyer"><i>Fletcher</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_M._Sumner-class_destroyer" title="Allen M. Sumner-class destroyer"><i>Allen M. Sumner</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_H._Smith-class_destroyer" title="Robert H. Smith-class destroyer"><i>Robert H. Smith</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gearing-class_destroyer" title="Gearing-class destroyer"><i>Gearing</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Destroyer_escort" title="Destroyer escort">Destroyer escorts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evarts-class_destroyer_escort" title="Evarts-class destroyer escort"><i>Evarts</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckley-class_destroyer_escort" title="Buckley-class destroyer escort"><i>Buckley</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannon-class_destroyer_escort" title="Cannon-class destroyer escort"><i>Cannon</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edsall-class_destroyer_escort" title="Edsall-class destroyer escort"><i>Edsall</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudderow-class_destroyer_escort" title="Rudderow-class destroyer escort"><i>Rudderow</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Butler-class_destroyer_escort" title="John C. Butler-class destroyer escort"><i>John C. Butler</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Patrol_frigate" class="mw-redirect" title="Patrol frigate">Patrol frigates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/River-class_frigate" title="River-class frigate">Asheville</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacoma-class_frigate" title="Tacoma-class frigate"><i>Tacoma</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Patrol_boat" title="Patrol boat">Patrol boats</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action-class_patrol_boat" class="mw-redirect" title="Action-class patrol boat"><i>Action</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PT_boat" title="PT boat">PT boat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Minelayer" title="Minelayer">Minelayers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Oglala" title="USS Oglala"><i>Oglala</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Wassuc_(CMc-3)" title="USS Wassuc (CMc-3)"><i>Wassuc</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Monadnock_(ACM-10)" title="USS Monadnock (ACM-10)"><i>Monadnock</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Miantonomah_(CMc-5)" title="USS Miantonomah (CMc-5)"><i>Miantonomah</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Terror_(CM-5)" title="USS Terror (CM-5)"><i>Terror</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Keokuk_(CMc-6)" title="USS Keokuk (CMc-6)"><i>Keokuk</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Salem_(CM-11)" title="USS Salem (CM-11)"><i>Salem</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Weehawken_(CM-12)" title="USS Weehawken (CM-12)"><i>Weehawken</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camanche-class_minelayer" class="mw-redirect" title="Camanche-class minelayer"><i>Camanche</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimo-class_minelayer" class="mw-redirect" title="Chimo-class minelayer"><i>Chimo</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Minesweeper" title="Minesweeper">Minesweepers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lapwing-class_minesweeper" title="Lapwing-class minesweeper"><i>Lapwing</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raven-class_minesweeper" title="Raven-class minesweeper"><i>Raven</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auk-class_minesweeper" title="Auk-class minesweeper"><i>Auk</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Captor" title="USS Captor"><i>Eagle</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawk-class_minesweeper" title="Hawk-class minesweeper"><i>Hawk</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Admirable-class_minesweeper" title="Admirable-class minesweeper"><i>Admirable</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">Submarines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_O-class_submarine" title="United States O-class submarine">O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_R-class_submarine" title="United States R-class submarine">R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_S-class_submarine" title="United States S-class submarine">S</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#V-1_through_V-3—the_Barracudas">Barracuda</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Argonaut_(SM-1)" title="USS Argonaut (SM-1)"><i>Argonaut</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#V-5_and_V-6—Narwhal_and_Nautilus">Narwhal</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Dolphin_(SS-169)" title="USS Dolphin (SS-169)"><i>Dolphin</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cachalot-class_submarine" title="Cachalot-class submarine"><i>Cachalot</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Porpoise-class_submarine" title="United States Porpoise-class submarine">Porpoise</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon-class_submarine" title="Salmon-class submarine"><i>Salmon</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sargo-class_submarine" title="Sargo-class submarine"><i>Sargo</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambor-class_submarine" title="Tambor-class submarine"><i>Tambor</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackerel-class_submarine" title="Mackerel-class submarine"><i>Mackerel</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gato-class_submarine" title="Gato-class submarine"><i>Gato</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balao-class_submarine" title="Balao-class submarine"><i>Balao</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tench-class_submarine" title="Tench-class submarine"><i>Tench</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tanker_(ship)" title="Tanker (ship)">Tankers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/T1_tanker" title="T1 tanker">T1 tanker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T2_tanker" title="T2 tanker">T2 tanker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T3_Tanker" class="mw-redirect" title="T3 Tanker">T3 tanker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Cargo_ship" title="Cargo ship">Cargo ships</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_ship" title="Liberty ship">Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victory_ship" title="Victory ship">Victory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haskell-class_attack_transport" title="Haskell-class attack transport"><i>Haskell</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andromeda-class_attack_cargo_ship" title="Andromeda-class attack cargo ship"><i>Andromeda</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcturus-class_attack_cargo_ship" title="Arcturus-class attack cargo ship"><i>Arcturus</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis-class_attack_cargo_ship" title="Artemis-class attack cargo ship"><i>Artemis</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolland-class_attack_cargo_ship" title="Tolland-class attack cargo ship"><i>Tolland</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Alstede" title="USS Alstede"><i>Alstede</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Aldebaran" title="USS Aldebaran"><i>Aldebaran</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Adria" title="USS Adria"><i>Adria</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Acubens" title="USS Acubens"><i>Acubens</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Arctic_(AF-7)" title="USS Arctic (AF-7)"><i>Arctic</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Denebola_(AF-56)" title="USS Denebola (AF-56)"><i>Denebola</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Hyades" title="USS Hyades"><i>Hyades</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Mizar_(AF-12)" title="USS Mizar (AF-12)"><i>Mizar</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_ship" title="Auxiliary ship">Auxiliary ships</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ammunition_ship" title="Ammunition ship">Ammunition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_floating_drydock" title="Auxiliary floating drydock">Floating drydock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_repair_dock" title="Auxiliary repair dock">Repair dock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barracks_ship" title="Barracks ship">Barracks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collier_(ship)" title="Collier (ship)">Collier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_stores_ship" title="Combat stores ship">Combat stores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroyer_tender" title="Destroyer tender">Destroyer tender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Depot_ship" title="Depot ship">Depot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-speed_transport" title="High-speed transport">High-speed transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_ship" title="Hospital ship">Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_cream_barge" title="Ice cream barge">Ice cream barge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Net_laying_ship" title="Net laying ship">Net laying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_torpedo_boat_tender" title="Motor torpedo boat tender">Motor torpedo boat tender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reefer_ship" title="Reefer ship">Reefer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Replenishment_oiler" title="Replenishment oiler">Oiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repair_ship" title="Repair ship">Repair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaplane_tender" title="Seaplane tender">Seaplane tender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_tender" title="Submarine tender">Submarine tender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underway_replenishment" title="Underway replenishment">Underway replenishment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <dl><dt>C</dt> <dd>Completed after the war</dd> <dt>S</dt> <dd>Single ship of class</dd> <dt>X</dt> <dd>Cancelled</dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=V-boat&oldid=1243670573">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=V-boat&oldid=1243670573</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a 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