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mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_vi.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=vi" class=""><span>Quyên góp</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:M%E1%BB%9F_t%C3%A0i_kho%E1%BA%A3n&amp;returnto=.nl" title="Bạn được khuyến khích mở tài khoản và đăng nhập; tuy nhiên, không bắt buộc phải có tài khoản" class=""><span>Tạo tài khoản</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:%C4%90%C4%83ng_nh%E1%BA%ADp&amp;returnto=.nl" title="Đăng nhập sẽ có lợi hơn, tuy nhiên không bắt buộc. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Đăng nhập</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Thêm tùy chọn" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Công cụ cá nhân" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Công cụ cá nhân</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Bảng chọn thành viên" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_vi.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=vi"><span>Quyên góp</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:M%E1%BB%9F_t%C3%A0i_kho%E1%BA%A3n&amp;returnto=.nl" title="Bạn được khuyến khích mở tài khoản và đăng nhập; tuy nhiên, không bắt buộc phải có tài khoản"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Tạo tài khoản</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:%C4%90%C4%83ng_nh%E1%BA%ADp&amp;returnto=.nl" title="Đăng nhập sẽ có lợi hơn, tuy nhiên không bắt buộc. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Đăng nhập</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Trang dành cho người dùng chưa đăng nhập <a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%A3_gi%C3%BAp:Gi%E1%BB%9Bi_thi%E1%BB%87u" aria-label="Tìm hiểu thêm về sửa đổi"><span>tìm hiểu thêm</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:%C4%90%C3%B3ng_g%C3%B3p_c%E1%BB%A7a_t%C3%B4i" title="Danh sách các sửa đổi được thực hiện qua địa chỉ IP này [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Đóng góp</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Th%E1%BA%A3o_lu%E1%BA%ADn_t%C3%B4i" title="Thảo luận với địa chỉ IP này [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Thảo luận cho địa chỉ IP này</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Trang Web"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Nội dung" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nội dung</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Đầu</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Tham_khảo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tham_khảo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Tham khảo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tham_khảo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liên_kết_ngoài" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liên_kết_ngoài"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Liên kết ngoài</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liên_kết_ngoài-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Nội dung" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Đóng mở mục lục" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Đóng mở mục lục</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">.nl</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Xem bài viết trong ngôn ngữ khác. Bài có sẵn trong 92 ngôn ngữ" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-92" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">92 ngôn ngữ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Ả Rập" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ả Rập" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Asturias" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Asturias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Mã Lai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Mã Lai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B2" title=".এনএল – Tiếng Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title=".এনএল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Mân Nam" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Mân Nam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Séc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Séc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Wales" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Wales" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Đan Mạch" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đan Mạch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Đức" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đức" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Hy Lạp" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hy Lạp" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Anh" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Anh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Quốc Tế Ngữ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Quốc Tế Ngữ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Ba Tư" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ba Tư" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Faroe" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Faroe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Pháp" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Pháp" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Khách Gia" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Khách Gia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Kalmyk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kalmyk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Hàn" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hàn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Croatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B2" title=".এনএল – Tiếng Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title=".এনএল" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Iceland" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Iceland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Italy" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Italy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Do Thái" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Do Thái" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Kurd" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kurd" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Luxembourg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Luxembourg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Limburg" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Limburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Ả Rập Ai Cập" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ả Rập Ai Cập" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Hà Lan" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hà Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Nhật" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nhật" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Frisia Miền Bắc" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Frisia Miền Bắc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Na Uy (Bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Na Uy (Bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Hạ Giéc-man" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hạ Giéc-man" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Ba Lan" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ba Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ Crimean" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ Crimean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Nga" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Sicilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Sicilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Kurd Miền Trung" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kurd Miền Trung" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Serbo-Croatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Serbo-Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Phần Lan" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Phần Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toppdom%C3%A4n#N" title="Toppdomän – Tiếng Thụy Điển" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Toppdomän" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thụy Điển" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Thái" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thái" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Tok Pisin" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tok Pisin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nl." title="Nl. – Tiếng Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="Nl." data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Ngô" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ngô" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Quảng Đông" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Quảng Đông" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nl" title=".nl – Tiếng Trung" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title=".nl" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Trung" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q493202#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sửa liên kết giữa ngôn ngữ" class="wbc-editpage">Sửa liên kết</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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aria-label="Thay đổi biến thể ngôn ngữ" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tiếng Việt</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Giao diện"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/.nl"><span>Đọc</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.nl&amp;veaction=edit" title="Sửa đổi trang này [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sửa đổi</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.nl&amp;action=edit" title="Sửa đổi mã nguồn của trang này [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sửa mã nguồn</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.nl&amp;action=history" title="Các phiên bản cũ của trang này [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Xem lịch sử</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Công cụ trang"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Công cụ" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Công cụ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Công cụ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Thêm tùy chọn" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tác vụ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/.nl"><span>Đọc</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.nl&amp;veaction=edit" title="Sửa đổi trang này [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sửa đổi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.nl&amp;action=edit" title="Sửa đổi mã nguồn của trang này [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sửa mã nguồn</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.nl&amp;action=history"><span>Xem lịch sử</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Chung </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Li%C3%AAn_k%E1%BA%BFt_%C4%91%E1%BA%BFn_%C4%91%C3%A2y/.nl" title="Các trang liên kết đến đây [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Các liên kết đến đây</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Thay_%C4%91%E1%BB%95i_li%C3%AAn_quan/.nl" rel="nofollow" title="Thay đổi gần đây của các trang liên kết đến đây [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Thay đổi liên quan</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Trang_%C4%91%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t" title="Một danh sách chứa tất cả trang đặc biệt [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Trang đặc biệt</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.nl&amp;oldid=67773469" title="Liên kết thường trực đến phiên bản này của trang"><span>Liên kết thường trực</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.nl&amp;action=info" title="Thêm chi tiết về trang này"><span>Thông tin trang</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Tr%C3%ADch_d%E1%BA%ABn&amp;page=.nl&amp;id=67773469&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Hướng dẫn cách trích dẫn trang này"><span>Trích dẫn trang này</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F.nl"><span>Lấy URL ngắn gọn</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F.nl"><span>Tải mã QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In và xuất </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:S%C3%A1ch&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=.nl"><span>Tạo một quyển sách</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=.nl&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Tải dưới dạng PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.nl&amp;printable=yes" title="Bản để in ra của trang [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Bản để in ra</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tại dự án khác </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:.nl" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q493202" title="Liên kết đến khoản mục kết nối trong kho dữ liệu [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Khoản mục Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Công cụ trang"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Giao diện"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Giao diện</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Bách khoa toàn thư mở Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="vi" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;text-align:left;width:20em;"> <caption style="background:#CCF;font-size:larger;text-align:center;"><b>.nl</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;padding:1em 0;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Sidn.gif" class="mw-file-description" title=".nl -- Stichting Internet Domeinregistratie Nederland"><img alt=".nl -- Stichting Internet Domeinregistratie Nederland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/vi/0/01/Sidn.gif" decoding="async" width="185" height="100" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="185" data-file-height="100" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Năm&#160;ra&#160;đời </th> <td><a href="/wiki/1986" title="1986">1986</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Loại <a href="/wiki/TLD" class="mw-redirect" title="TLD">TLD</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/T%C3%AAn_mi%E1%BB%81n_qu%E1%BB%91c_gia_c%E1%BA%A5p_cao_nh%E1%BA%A5t" title="Tên miền quốc gia cấp cao nhất">Tên miền quốc gia cấp cao nhất</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Tình trạng </th> <td>Đang hoạt động </td></tr> <tr> <th>Đăng ký </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=SIDN&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="SIDN (trang không tồn tại)">SIDN</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Bảo trợ </th> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=SIDN&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="SIDN (trang không tồn tại)">SIDN</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Dùng cho </th> <td>Những trang có liên quan đến <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A0_Lan" title="Hà Lan">Hà Lan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Dùng thực tế </th> <td>Rất phổ biến ở Hà Lan </td></tr> <tr> <th>Giới hạn </th> <td>Không có hạn chế khi đăng ký cấp 2; người đăng ký tên miền cấp 3 phải cung cấp địa chỉ liên lạc tại Hà Lan </td></tr> <tr> <th>Cấu trúc </th> <td>Được đăng ký trực tiếp tên miền cấp 2 và một số tên miền cấp 3 dưới các tên cấp 2 </td></tr> <tr> <th>Tài liệu </th> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nic.nl/ace.php/p,728,2682,10309,regulations-registration_pdf">Quy định đăng ký tên miền .nl</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Tranh chấp </th> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sidn.nl/ace.php/c,728,3202">Quy trình phân xử</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Trang web </th> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.domain-registry.nl/ace.php/c,728,122,,,,Home.html">SIDN</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>.nl</b> là <a href="/wiki/T%C3%AAn_mi%E1%BB%81n_qu%E1%BB%91c_gia_c%E1%BA%A5p_cao_nh%E1%BA%A5t" title="Tên miền quốc gia cấp cao nhất">tên miền quốc gia cấp cao nhất</a> (<a href="/wiki/T%C3%AAn_mi%E1%BB%81n_qu%E1%BB%91c_gia_c%E1%BA%A5p_cao_nh%E1%BA%A5t" title="Tên miền quốc gia cấp cao nhất">ccTLD</a>) của <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A0_Lan" title="Hà Lan">Hà Lan</a>. Việc đăng ký được thực hiện thông mạng lưới các nhà tham gia. Nó là một trong những tên miền quốc gia phổ biến nhất, xếp hạn thứ tư trong <i>Tóm tắt Ngành công nghiệp tên miền <a href="/wiki/VeriSign" class="mw-redirect" title="VeriSign">VeriSign</a></i>, sau <a href="/wiki/.de" title=".de">.de</a>, <a href="/wiki/.uk" title=".uk">.uk</a> và <a href="/wiki/.eu" title=".eu">.eu</a>.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.verisign.com/Resources/Naming_Services_Resources/Domain_Name_Industry_Brief/">[1]</a> </p><p>Nó là tên miền quốc gia đầu tiên từng được đăng ký. Cơ quan quản lý tên miền.nl được chuyển cho <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piet_Beertema&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Piet Beertema (trang không tồn tại)">Piet Beertema</a> của <a href="/w/index.php?title=Centrum_voor_Wiskunde_en_Informatica&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica (trang không tồn tại)">Centrum voor Wiskunde en Informatica</a> vào năm <a href="/wiki/1986" title="1986">1986</a>. </p><p>Từ ngày <a href="/wiki/31_th%C3%A1ng_1" title="31 tháng 1">31 tháng 1</a>, <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a>, tên miền.nl được đăng ký bởi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stichting_Internet_Domeinregistratie_Nederland&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Stichting Internet Domeinregistratie Nederland (trang không tồn tại)">Stichting Internet Domeinregistratie Nederland</a> (SIDN). Người đăng ký phải trả cho SIDN một khoản phí đối với mỗi tên miền từ ngày <a href="/wiki/1_th%C3%A1ng_4" title="1 tháng 4">1 tháng 4</a>, năm <a href="/wiki/1996" title="1996">1996</a>, cho đến khi đó việc đăng ký là miễn phí. Trong những ngày đầu tiên, phần lớn các người đăng ký là các trường đại học và phòng nghiên cứu của các công ty lớn, như <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ph%C3%B2ng_nghi%C3%AAn_c%E1%BB%A9u_Philips&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Phòng nghiên cứu Philips (trang không tồn tại)">Phòng nghiên cứu Philips</a>. </p><p>Các cá nhân được phép đăng ký một tên miền cấp 2.nl từ năm <a href="/wiki/2003" title="2003">2003</a>. Như đã dự đoán trước, các cá nhân được phép đăng ký một tên miền cấp 3 từ năm <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a>. Những 'tên miền cá nhân' như vậy có dạng <kbd>janjansen.123.nl</kbd>. Chúng không bao giờ phổ biến, và sự đăng ký đã được hoãn lại từ năm <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>. Vì chỉ có khoảng 500 tên miền như vậy được đăng ký, tương phản với khoảng 2 triệu tên miền cấp 2, SIDN đã thông báo dừng đăng ký tên miền đến năm 2008 từ ngày 4 tháng 7 năm 2007. Những người sở hữu tên miền như vậy sẽ được SIDN liên lạc và đề nghị một khoản phí nhỏ nếu họ hợp tác. </p><p>Giá của tên miền.nl khác nhau, nhưng tùy vào <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nh%C3%A0_%C4%91%C4%83ng_k%C3%BD_t%C3%AAn_mi%E1%BB%81n&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nhà đăng ký tên miền (trang không tồn tại)">nhà đăng ký</a> giá vào khoảng 10 đến 15 <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">euro</a>. 70% tên miền.nl được sử dụng cho kinh doanh. Một cuộc thăm dò bởi SIDN cho thấy ít nhất 62% tất cả các tên miền.nl đều có trang web. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tham_khảo"><span id="Tham_kh.E1.BA.A3o"></span>Tham khảo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=.nl&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Sửa đổi phần “Tham khảo”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=.nl&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Tham khảo"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r71728118">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liên_kết_ngoài"><span id="Li.C3.AAn_k.E1.BA.BFt_ngo.C3.A0i"></span>Liên kết ngoài</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=.nl&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Sửa đổi phần “Liên kết ngoài”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=.nl&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Liên kết ngoài"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iana.org/root-whois/nl.htm">IANA .nl whois information</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.domain-registry.nl">.nl Registry website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sidn.nl/ace.php/c,728,4029,,,,Participants_Category_I_ordered_alphabetically.html">List of .nl participants</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70958518">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r71573313">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tên_miền_quốc_gia_cấp_cao_nhất" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-xem"><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:T%C3%AAn_mi%E1%BB%81n_Internet_qu%E1%BB%91c_gia" title="Bản mẫu:Tên miền Internet quốc gia"><abbr title="Xem bản mẫu này">x</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-thảo luận"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Th%E1%BA%A3o_lu%E1%BA%ADn_B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:T%C3%AAn_mi%E1%BB%81n_Internet_qu%E1%BB%91c_gia&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Thảo luận Bản mẫu:Tên miền Internet quốc gia (trang không tồn tại)"><abbr title="Thảo luận bản mẫu này">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sửa"><a class="external text" href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:T%C3%AAn_mi%E1%BB%81n_Internet_qu%E1%BB%91c_gia&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Sửa bản mẫu này">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tên_miền_quốc_gia_cấp_cao_nhất" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%AAn_mi%E1%BB%81n_qu%E1%BB%91c_gia_c%E1%BA%A5p_cao_nh%E1%BA%A5t" title="Tên miền quốc gia cấp cao nhất">Tên miền quốc gia cấp cao nhất</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><small><b>Hiệu lực:</b></small> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ac" title=".ac">.ac</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ad" title=".ad">.ad</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ae" title=".ae">.ae</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.af" title=".af">.af</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ag" title=".ag">.ag</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ai" title=".ai">.ai</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.al" title=".al">.al</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.am" title=".am">.am</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ao" title=".ao">.ao</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.aq" title=".aq">.aq</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ar" title=".ar">.ar</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.as" title=".as">.as</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.at" title=".at">.at</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.au" title=".au">.au</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.aw" title=".aw">.aw</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ax" title=".ax">.ax</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.az" title=".az">.az</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ba" title=".ba">.ba</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bb" title=".bb">.bb</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bd" title=".bd">.bd</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.be" title=".be">.be</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bf" title=".bf">.bf</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bg" title=".bg">.bg</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bh" title=".bh">.bh</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bi" title=".bi">.bi</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bj" title=".bj">.bj</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bm" title=".bm">.bm</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bn" title=".bn">.bn</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bo" title=".bo">.bo</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.br" title=".br">.br</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bs" title=".bs">.bs</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bt" title=".bt">.bt</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bw" title=".bw">.bw</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.by" title=".by">.by</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bz" title=".bz">.bz</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ca" title=".ca">.ca</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.cc" title=".cc">.cc</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.cd" title=".cd">.cd</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.cf" title=".cf">.cf</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.cg" title=".cg">.cg</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ch" title=".ch">.ch</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ci" title=".ci">.ci</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ck" title=".ck">.ck</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.cl" title=".cl">.cl</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.cm" title=".cm">.cm</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.cn" title=".cn">.cn</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.co" title=".co">.co</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.cr" title=".cr">.cr</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.cu" title=".cu">.cu</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.cv" title=".cv">.cv</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.cx" title=".cx">.cx</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.cy" title=".cy">.cy</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.cz" title=".cz">.cz</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.de" title=".de">.de</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.dj" title=".dj">.dj</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.dk" title=".dk">.dk</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.dm" title=".dm">.dm</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.do" title=".do">.do</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.dz" title=".dz">.dz</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ec" title=".ec">.ec</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ee" title=".ee">.ee</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.eg" title=".eg">.eg</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.er" title=".er">.er</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.es" title=".es">.es</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.et" title=".et">.et</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.eu" title=".eu">.eu</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.fi" title=".fi">.fi</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.fj" title=".fj">.fj</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.fk" title=".fk">.fk</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.fm" title=".fm">.fm</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.fo" title=".fo">.fo</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.fr" title=".fr">.fr</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ga" title=".ga">.ga</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gd" title=".gd">.gd</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ge" title=".ge">.ge</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gf" title=".gf">.gf</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gg" title=".gg">.gg</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gh" title=".gh">.gh</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gi" title=".gi">.gi</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gl" title=".gl">.gl</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gm" title=".gm">.gm</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gn" title=".gn">.gn</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gp" title=".gp">.gp</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gq" title=".gq">.gq</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gr" title=".gr">.gr</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gs" title=".gs">.gs</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gt" title=".gt">.gt</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gu" title=".gu">.gu</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gw" title=".gw">.gw</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gy" title=".gy">.gy</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.hk" title=".hk">.hk</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.hm" title=".hm">.hm</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.hn" title=".hn">.hn</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.hr" title=".hr">.hr</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ht" title=".ht">.ht</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.hu" title=".hu">.hu</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.id" title=".id">.id</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ie" title=".ie">.ie</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.il" title=".il">.il</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.im" title=".im">.im</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.in" title=".in">.in</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.io" title=".io">.io</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.iq" title=".iq">.iq</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ir" title=".ir">.ir</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.is" title=".is">.is</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.it" title=".it">.it</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.je" title=".je">.je</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.jm" title=".jm">.jm</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.jo" title=".jo">.jo</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.jp" title=".jp">.jp</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ke" title=".ke">.ke</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.kg" title=".kg">.kg</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.kh" title=".kh">.kh</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ki" title=".ki">.ki</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.km" title=".km">.km</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.kn" title=".kn">.kn</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.kp" title=".kp">.kp</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.kr" title=".kr">.kr</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.kw" title=".kw">.kw</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ky" title=".ky">.ky</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.kz" title=".kz">.kz</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.la" title=".la">.la</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.lb" title=".lb">.lb</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.lc" title=".lc">.lc</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.li" title=".li">.li</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.lk" title=".lk">.lk</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.lr" title=".lr">.lr</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ls" title=".ls">.ls</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.lt" title=".lt">.lt</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.lu" title=".lu">.lu</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.lv" title=".lv">.lv</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ly" title=".ly">.ly</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ma" title=".ma">.ma</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mc" title=".mc">.mc</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.md" title=".md">.md</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.me" title=".me">.me</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mg" title=".mg">.mg</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mh" title=".mh">.mh</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mk" title=".mk">.mk</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ml" title=".ml">.ml</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mm" title=".mm">.mm</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mn" title=".mn">.mn</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mo" title=".mo">.mo</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mp" title=".mp">.mp</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mq" title=".mq">.mq</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mr" title=".mr">.mr</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ms" title=".ms">.ms</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mt" title=".mt">.mt</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mu" title=".mu">.mu</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mv" title=".mv">.mv</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mw" title=".mw">.mw</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mx" title=".mx">.mx</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.my" title=".my">.my</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mz" title=".mz">.mz</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.na" title=".na">.na</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.nc" title=".nc">.nc</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ne" title=".ne">.ne</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.nf" title=".nf">.nf</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ng" title=".ng">.ng</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ni" title=".ni">.ni</a> &#160;<a class="mw-selflink selflink">.nl</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.no" title=".no">.no</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.np" title=".np">.np</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.nr" title=".nr">.nr</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.nu" title=".nu">.nu</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.nz" title=".nz">.nz</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.om" title=".om">.om</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.pa" title=".pa">.pa</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.pe" title=".pe">.pe</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.pf" title=".pf">.pf</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.pg" title=".pg">.pg</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ph" title=".ph">.ph</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.pk" title=".pk">.pk</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.pl" title=".pl">.pl</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.pm" title=".pm">.pm</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.pn" title=".pn">.pn</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.pr" title=".pr">.pr</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ps" title=".ps">.ps</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.pt" title=".pt">.pt</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.pw" title=".pw">.pw</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.py" title=".py">.py</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.qa" title=".qa">.qa</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.re" title=".re">.re</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ro" title=".ro">.ro</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.rs" title=".rs">.rs</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ru" title=".ru">.ru</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.rw" title=".rw">.rw</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.sa" title=".sa">.sa</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.sb" title=".sb">.sb</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.sc" title=".sc">.sc</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.sd" title=".sd">.sd</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.se" title=".se">.se</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.sg" title=".sg">.sg</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.sh" title=".sh">.sh</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.si" title=".si">.si</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.sk" title=".sk">.sk</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.sl" title=".sl">.sl</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.sm" title=".sm">.sm</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.sn" title=".sn">.sn</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.so" title=".so">.so</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.sr" title=".sr">.sr</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ss" title=".ss">.ss</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.st" title=".st">.st</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.sv" title=".sv">.sv</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.sy" title=".sy">.sy</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.sz" title=".sz">.sz</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.tc" title=".tc">.tc</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.td" title=".td">.td</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.tf" title=".tf">.tf</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.tg" title=".tg">.tg</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.th" title=".th">.th</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.tj" title=".tj">.tj</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.tk" title=".tk">.tk</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.tl" title=".tl">.tl</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.tm" title=".tm">.tm</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.tn" title=".tn">.tn</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.to" title=".to">.to</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.tr" title=".tr">.tr</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.tt" title=".tt">.tt</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.tv" title=".tv">.tv</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.tw" title=".tw">.tw</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.tz" title=".tz">.tz</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ua" title=".ua">.ua</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ug" title=".ug">.ug</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.uk" title=".uk">.uk</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.us" title=".us">.us</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.uy" title=".uy">.uy</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.uz" title=".uz">.uz</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.va" title=".va">.va</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.vc" title=".vc">.vc</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ve" title=".ve">.ve</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.vg" title=".vg">.vg</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.vi" title=".vi">.vi</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.vn" title=".vn">.vn</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.vu" title=".vu">.vu</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.wf" title=".wf">.wf</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ws" title=".ws">.ws</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.ye" title=".ye">.ye</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.yt" title=".yt">.yt</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.za" title=".za">.za</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.zm" title=".zm">.zm</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.zw" title=".zw">.zw</a> </p> <hr /> <p><small><b>Dự trữ/chưa cấp:</b></small> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bl" title=".bl">.bl</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bq" title=".bq">.bq</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.eh" title=".eh">.eh</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mf" title=".mf">.mf</a> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <small><b>Đã cấp/chưa dùng:</b></small> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.bv" title=".bv">.bv</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.gb" title=".gb">.gb</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.sj" title=".sj">.sj</a> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <small><b>Tạm ngưng:</b></small> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.su" title=".su">.su</a> &#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160; <small><b>Đã xóa/không dùng:</b></small> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.an" title=".an">.an</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.mm" title=".mm">.bu</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.cs" title=".cs">.cs</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.dd" title=".dd">.dd</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.tp" title=".tp">.tp</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.um" title=".um">.um</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.yu" title=".yu">.yu</a> &#160;<a href="/wiki/.zr" title=".zr">.zr</a> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Xem thêm: <b><a href="/wiki/T%C3%AAn_mi%E1%BB%81n_c%E1%BA%A5p_cao_nh%E1%BA%A5t_d%C3%B9ng_chung" title="Tên miền cấp cao nhất dùng chung">Tên miền cấp cao nhất dùng chung</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐757f7495fb‐htgc4 Cached time: 20241105112855 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.142 seconds Real time usage: 0.178 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 166/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 17703/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1107/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 5/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 5548/5000000 bytes Lua 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