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хатӗрлесе кӗрӗр, анчах ку кирлех мар [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Кӗр</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Анлӑрах опцисем" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ман хатĕрсем" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ман хатĕрсем</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Хутшӑнакан менюйӗ" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_cv.wikipedia.org&uselang=cv"><span>Нимелле пулӑшу</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C_%D1%83%D1%87%D1%91%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%8E_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C&returnto=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Эпир сире, кӑна тума кирлех мар пулин те, аккаунт хатӗрлесе системӑна кӗме сӗнетпӗр"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Аккаунт хатӗрле</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%92%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B4&returnto=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Аккаунт хатӗрлесе кӗрӗр, анчах ку кирлех мар [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Кӗр</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Системӑна кӗменнисем валли хатӗрленӗ страницӑсем <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%88%D1%83:%D0%9F%D1%83%D2%AB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D3%91%D1%88" aria-label="Тӳрлетесси пирки тӗплӗнрех"><span>ытларах пӗл</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Ку IP адресран тунӑ тӳрлетӳсем [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Хывнӑ тӳпе</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%91_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="IP адресӑн сӳтсе яву страници [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Сӳтсе явни</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Тупмалли" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Тупмалли</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">айккинчи панеле куҫарса ларт</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">пытар</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пуҫламӑш</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Тавралăхĕ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Тавралăхĕ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Тавралăхĕ</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Тавралăхĕ-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Тавралăхĕ айри пая Курӑмлатас/Пытарас</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Тавралăхĕ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Административлă_тытăмлăхĕ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Административлă_тытăмлăхĕ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Административлă тытăмлăхĕ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Административлă_тытăмлăхĕ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Истори" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Истори"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Истори</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Истори-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Истори айри пая Курӑмлатас/Пытарас</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Истори-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Апеннин_культури_тата_Виллан_культури" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Апеннин_культури_тата_Виллан_культури"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Апеннин культури тата Виллан культури</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Апеннин_культури_тата_Виллан_культури-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Этруссен_тапхăрĕ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Этруссен_тапхăрĕ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Этруссен тапхăрĕ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Этруссен_тапхăрĕ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Чĕрĕлӳ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Чĕрĕлӳ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Чĕрĕлӳ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Чĕрĕлӳ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Хуçалăхĕ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Хуçалăхĕ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Хуçалăхĕ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Хуçалăхĕ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Каçăсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Каçăсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Каçăсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Каçăсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Асăрхавсем" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Асăрхавсем"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Асăрхавсем</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Асăрхавсем-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Тупмалли" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Контента Курӑмлатас/Пытарас" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Контента Курӑмлатас/Пытарас</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Тоскана</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Урӑх чӗлхери статья патне куҫ. 133 чӗлхелли пур" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-133" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">133 чӗлхе</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskane" title="Toskane — африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Toskane" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — швейцарский немецкий" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарский немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%B6%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%AB%E1%8A%93" title="ቶስካና — амхарский" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቶስካና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — арагонский" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuscania" title="Tuscania — староанглийский" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Tuscania" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="староанглийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A9" title="تسكانة — арап" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تسكانة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арап" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="توسكانا — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="توسكانا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — астурийский" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — азербайджанский" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="توسکانی — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="توسکانی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Тоскана — башкирский" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Тоскана" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — балийский" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="балийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Tuscany" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Таскана — белорусский" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Таскана" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Таскана — белорусский (тарашкевица)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Таскана" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="белорусский (тарашкевица)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Тоскана — болгарский" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тоскана" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="তোসকানা — бенгал" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তোসকানা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгал" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — бретонский" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — боснийский" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="боснийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — каталанский" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Tuscany" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Тоскана — чеченский" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Тоскана" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чеченский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — себуано" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуано" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%DB%95%D9%86%DB%8C" title="تاسکەنی — центральнокурдский" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تاسکەنی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="центральнокурдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — корсиканский" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="корсиканский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — крымско-татарский" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="крымско-татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosk%C3%A1nsko" title="Toskánsko — чешский" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Toskánsko" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — валлийский" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — датский" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — нимӗҫ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="нимӗҫ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B7" title="Τοσκάνη — греческий" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τοσκάνη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="греческий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tusch%C3%A8na" title="Tuschèna — Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Tuschèna" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany — акӑлчан" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tuscany" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="акӑлчан" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskanio" title="Toskanio — эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Toskanio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — испани" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — эстонский" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — баскский" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="توسکانی — персидский" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="توسکانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персидский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — финский" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscane" title="Toscane — франци" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Toscane" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="франци" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskaana" title="Toskaana — северный фризский" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Toskaana" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="северный фризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscane" title="Toscane — фриульский" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Toscane" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="фриульский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskane" title="Toskane — западнофризский" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Toskane" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Tusc%C3%A1in" title="An Tuscáin — ирландский" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Tuscáin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — гэльский" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="гэльский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — галисийский" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — хакка" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="хакка" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%94" title="טוסקנה — иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טוסקנה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — хорватский" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toszk%C3%A1na" title="Toszkána — венгерский" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Toszkána" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Տոսկանա — армянский" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տոսկանա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%B8%D5%BD%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1_(%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A3)" title="Թոսքանա (նահանգ) — западноармянский" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Թոսքանա (նահանգ)" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="западноармянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — индонези" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонези" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — интерлингве" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="интерлингве" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskania" title="Toskania — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Toskania" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — исландский" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — итали" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%88%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8A%E5%B7%9E" title="トスカーナ州 — япони" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="トスカーナ州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="япони" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — яванский" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ტოსკანა — грузинский" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტოსკანა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Тоскана — казахский" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Тоскана" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EC%8A%A4%EC%B9%B4%EB%82%98%EC%A3%BC" title="토스카나주 — корей" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="토스카나주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корей" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — курдский" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — корнский" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuscia" title="Tuscia — латинский" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tuscia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — люксембургский" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscane" title="Toscane — лимбургский" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Toscane" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscann-a" title="Toscann-a — Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Toscann-a" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — литовский" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosk%C4%81na" title="Toskāna — латышский" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Toskāna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — малагасийский" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Тоскана — македонский" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тоскана" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF" title="ടസ്കനി — малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ടസ്കനി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%87%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%AD%EA%AF%80%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A4" title="ꯇꯁ꯭ꯀꯅꯤ — манипурский" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯇꯁ꯭ꯀꯅꯤ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="манипурский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="तोस्काना — маратхи" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तोस्काना" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — малайский" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="توسکانی — мазандеранский" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="توسکانی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандеранский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — неаполитанский" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="неаполитанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscane" title="Toscane — голланди" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Toscane" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="голланди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — нюнорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нюнорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — норвежский букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежский букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — окситанский" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%C3%A6" title="Тосканæ — осетинский" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Тосканæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="осетинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE" title="ਤੋਸਕਾਨਾ — панджаби" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤੋਸਕਾਨਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджаби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — пампанга" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="пампанга" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — папьяменто" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="папьяменто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscanne" title="Toscanne — Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Toscanne" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskania" title="Toskania — поляк" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Toskania" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="поляк" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscan-a" title="Toscan-a — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Toscan-a" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A8%DB%81_%D9%B9%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%8C" title="صوبہ ٹسکنی — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="صوبہ ٹسکنی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" title="توسکاني — пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="توسکاني" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — португали" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — романшский" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="романшский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — румынский" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscane" title="Toscane — Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Toscane" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Тоскана — вырӑс" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тоскана" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="вырӑс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — сардинский" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuscana" title="Tuscana — сицилийский" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Tuscana" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany — шотландский" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Tuscany" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — северносаамский" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="северносаамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuscany" title="Tuscany — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tuscany" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tosk%C3%A1nsko" title="Toskánsko — словацкий" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Toskánsko" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словацкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — словенский" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — албанский" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Тоскана — сербский" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тоскана" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — шведский" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF" title="டசுக்கனி — тамильский" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="டசுக்கனி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" title="แคว้นตอสคานา — тай" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แคว้นตอสคานา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toskana" title="Toskana — турккӑ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Toskana" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турккӑ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Тоскана — татарский" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Тоскана" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Тоскана — украинский" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тоскана" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%81" title="تسکانہ — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تسکانہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — вьетнамский" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscane" title="Toscane — West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Toscane" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E7%BA%B3" title="托斯卡纳 — у" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="托斯卡纳" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="у" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ტოსკანა — мегрельский" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ტოსკანა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="мегрельский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E7%BA%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%8C%BA" title="托斯卡纳大区 — китай" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="托斯卡纳大区" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana — миньнань" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Toscana" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="миньнань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%99%80%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%BF" title="陀斯卡拿 — кантонский" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="陀斯卡拿" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1273#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Чӗлхесем хушшинчи каҫӑсем" class="wbc-editpage">Каҫӑсене тӳрлет</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ятсен уҫлӑхӗ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Статьяна пăх [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Страница</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D3%B3%D1%82%D1%81%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8:%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Статьяна сӳтсе явасси (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Сӳтсе яв</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Чӗлхе вариантне улӑштар" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">чӑвашла</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Пурĕ пăхнă"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0"><span>Вула</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&veaction=edit" title="Кăна тӳрлет [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Тӳрлет</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit" title="Править исходный текст этой страницы [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Кодне тӳрлет</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=history" title="Страницӑна улӑштарнин журналӗ [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Истори</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Страницӑсен хатӗр-хӗтӗрӗ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Хатĕрсем" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Хатĕрсем</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Хатӗрсем</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">айккинчи панеле куҫарса ларт</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">пытар</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Анлӑрах опцисем" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ӗҫсем </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0"><span>Вула</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&veaction=edit" title="Кăна тӳрлет [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Тӳрлет</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit" title="Править исходный текст этой страницы [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Кодне тӳрлет</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=history"><span>Истори</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Пӗтӗмӗшле </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A1%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%81%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B0/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Кунта куҫаракан мӗнпур страницӑн ят-йышӗ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Кунта каҫараканнисем</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" rel="nofollow" title="Ку страницӑра кӑтартнӑ каҫӑсенче вырнаҫнӑ страницӑсенчи юлашки улшӑнусем [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Ҫыхӑннӑ улшӑнусем</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=cv" title="Файлсене тиесси [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Файл тие</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8B" title="Ятарлӑ страницӑсен йышӗ [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Ятарлă страницăсем</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&oldid=788939" title="Страницӑн ҫак версине кӑтартакан яланхи каҫӑ"><span>Яланхи вырăн</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=info" title="Ку страница ҫинчен тӗплӗнрех"><span>Страница ҫинчен</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%A6%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0&page=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&id=788939&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Ҫак эле мӗнле цитатӑласси"><span>Страницăна цитатăла</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25A2%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0"><span>Кӗске URL адреса ил</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D0%25A2%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0"><span>QR-код уҫласа ил</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Пичет/экспорт </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0"><span>Кĕнеке тумалли</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AF%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%C4%83:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF пек уҫласа ил</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&printable=yes" title="Ҫак страницӑн пичет версийӗ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Пичет версийĕ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ытти проектсенче </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tuscany" hreflang="en"><span>Викисклад</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1273" title="Ссылка на связанный элемент репозитория данных [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata элеменчӗ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Страницӑсен хатӗр-хӗтӗрӗ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Курӑнакан калӑплав"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Курӑнакан калӑплав</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">айккинчи панеле куҫарса ларт</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">пытар</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">«Википеди» ирĕклĕ энциклопединчи материал</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cv" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D3%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BA:View_from_Villa_Vignamaggio_(5771965060).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/View_from_Villa_Vignamaggio_%285771965060%29.jpg/220px-View_from_Villa_Vignamaggio_%285771965060%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/View_from_Villa_Vignamaggio_%285771965060%29.jpg/330px-View_from_Villa_Vignamaggio_%285771965060%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/View_from_Villa_Vignamaggio_%285771965060%29.jpg/440px-View_from_Villa_Vignamaggio_%285771965060%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Тоскана</b> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Итал чĕлхи">итал.</a> <span lang="it" style="font-style: italic">Toscana</span>) — <a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Итали">Италин</a> административлă çĕрĕ. Тĕп хули — <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Флоренци">Флоренци</a>. Лаптăкĕ — 20,990 çм², пурăнакан халăхĕ 3 516 296 çын. Çутçанталăк илемлĕхĕшĕн Тоскана Италире чи паха вырăн шутланать<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Тавралăхĕ"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.B0.D0.B2.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BB.C4.83.D1.85.C4.95"></span>Тавралăхĕ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Тавралăхĕ пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&section=1" title="Редактировать код раздела «Тавралăхĕ»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Çурçĕр-анăçĕнче Тоскана <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Лигури">Лигурипе</a>, çурçĕрте <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%C4%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Эмили-Романьă (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Эмили-Романьăпа</a>, тухăçра <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Марке">Маркепе</a> тата <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Умбрия">Умбрипе</a>, кăнтăрта <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE" title="Лацио">Лациопа</a> чикĕ тытать. Анăçри 320 çухрăм çыран хĕриллĕ çĕрĕсене <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%C4%95%D1%81%C4%95" title="Тиррен тинĕсĕ">Тиррен тинĕсĕн</a> хумĕсем ачашлаççĕ. Çĕр-пичĕ иккĕ виççĕмĕшĕ сăртлă, чĕрĕкле — туллă. Террриторин 8.4 % çех <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Арно">Арно</a> юханшывĕн çумĕнчи айлăмĕнче тӳрем. </p><p>Тĕп сăрт-ту хырçисем — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%82%C4%83%D0%B2%C4%95%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Апеннин тăвĕсем (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Апеннинсем</a>; вĕсем Тосканăн çурçĕрĕнче тата тухăçĕнче. Урăх паллă рельефĕсем — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Масса-Каррара (провинци) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Масса-Каррарапа</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лукка (провинци) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Лукка провинцисенчи</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Апуан Альписем (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Апуан Альписем</a> , çак тусенчен каррар <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мрамор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">мраморне</a> тупăçлаççĕ; регионан варринче — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB_%D0%A1%C4%83%D1%80%D1%87%C4%95%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Металл Сăрчĕсем (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Металл Сăрчĕсем</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пиза (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Пизăпа</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лукка (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Лукка</a> хушшинче <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%A2%C4%83%D0%B2%C4%95%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пизан Тăвĕсем (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Пизан Тăвĕсем</a>; <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B2%C4%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Амиат Тавĕ (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Амиат Тавĕ</a>,<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Флоренци (провинци) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Флоренци провинцинчи</a> ватă сӳннĕ вулкан <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пратоманьо (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Пратоманьо</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Административлă_тытăмлăхĕ"><span id=".D0.90.D0.B4.D0.BC.D0.B8.D0.BD.D0.B8.D1.81.D1.82.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.B2.D0.BB.C4.83_.D1.82.D1.8B.D1.82.C4.83.D0.BC.D0.BB.C4.83.D1.85.C4.95"></span>Административлă тытăмлăхĕ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Административлă тытăмлăхĕ пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&section=2" title="Редактировать код раздела «Административлă тытăмлăхĕ»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Тоскана 10 провинцирен пуçтарăнать: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%86%D0%BE_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ареццо (провинци) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Ареццо</a> (<i>Arezzo</i>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BE_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гроссето (провинци) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Гроссето</a> (<i>Grosseto</i>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ливорно (провинци) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Ливорно</a> (<i>Livorno</i>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лукка (провинци) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Лукка</a> (<i>Lucca</i>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Масса-Каррара (провинци) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Масса-Каррара</a> (<i>Massa-Carrara</i>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пиза (провинци) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Пиза</a> (<i>Pisa</i>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%8F_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пистойя (провинци) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Пистойя</a> (<i>Pistoia</i>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Прато (провинци) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Прато</a> (<i>Prato</i>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сиена (провинци) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Сиена</a> (<i>Siena</i>)</li> <li><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Флоренци (провинци) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Флоренция</a> (<i>Firenze</i>)</b></li></ul> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D3%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BA:Toskanskie_provincii.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Toskanskie_provincii.png/350px-Toskanskie_provincii.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Toskanskie_provincii.png/525px-Toskanskie_provincii.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Toskanskie_provincii.png/700px-Toskanskie_provincii.png 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Истори"><span id=".D0.98.D1.81.D1.82.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.B8"></span>Истори</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Истори пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&section=3" title="Редактировать код раздела «Истори»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Апеннин_культури_тата_Виллан_культури"><span id=".D0.90.D0.BF.D0.B5.D0.BD.D0.BD.D0.B8.D0.BD_.D0.BA.D1.83.D0.BB.D1.8C.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B8_.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.82.D0.B0_.D0.92.D0.B8.D0.BB.D0.BB.D0.B0.D0.BD_.D0.BA.D1.83.D0.BB.D1.8C.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B8"></span>Апеннин культури тата Виллан культури</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Апеннин культури тата Виллан культури пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&section=4" title="Редактировать код раздела «Апеннин культури тата Виллан культури»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Регионăн этруссен мал историйĕ çав тапхăрти Грецирипе пĕр евĕрлех. Тоскана облаçĕнче <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%C4%95%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D1%80%C4%83%D1%87%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_2_%D0%BF%D0%B8%D0%BD%C3%A7%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пирĕн эрăччен 2 пинçуллăх (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">пирĕн эрăччен 2 пинçуллăх</a> варринче (пирĕн эрăччен 1350—1150) çулсенче <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Апеннин культури (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Апеннин культуриллĕ</a> <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%C4%95%D1%81%C4%95" title="Эгей тинĕсĕ">Эгей тинĕсĕ</a> таврашĕнчи миной цивилизацийĕпе сутă-илӳ тунă халăх пурăннă. <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Виллан культури (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Виллан культури</a> аталанса пынă (пирĕн эрăччен 1100—800 ç.ç.), анчах та вăл <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%C4%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Этрускăсем">этруссен цивилизацийĕ</a> айне пулнă е сĕмне куçнă. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Этруссен_тапхăрĕ"><span id=".D0.AD.D1.82.D1.80.D1.83.D1.81.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BD_.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.BF.D1.85.C4.83.D1.80.C4.95"></span>Этруссен тапхăрĕ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Этруссен тапхăрĕ пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&section=5" title="Редактировать код раздела «Этруссен тапхăрĕ»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Этрусксем">Этрусксем</a> çурçĕр Итали çĕрĕн пĕрремĕш пысăк цивилизацине туса хураççĕ. Вĕсем <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Транспор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">транспорт</a> тытăмлăхне (инфраструктурине) йĕркелеççĕ, çĕр ĕçĕпе <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83_%C4%95%C3%A7%C4%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ту ĕçĕ (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">ту ĕçне</a> аталантарса яраççĕ, ӳнерлĕхĕн ялкăм ĕçĕсене шăратаççĕ. Ăслăхçăсем халĕ те этруссем çак çĕрсенче историллĕ тапхăртан маларах та пурăннă-ши е кунта вĕсен аслашшĕсем урăх çĕр-шывран килсе тухнине пĕлеймеççĕ-ха. Цивилизаци <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Арно">Арно</a> тата <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%B1%D1%80" title="Тибр">Тибр</a> шывĕсем хушшинче <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%C4%95%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D1%80%C4%83%D1%87%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_VII_%C4%95%D0%BC%C4%95%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пирĕн эрăччен VII ĕмĕр (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">пирĕн эрăччен VII ĕмĕртен</a> тĕрекленсе пынă, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%C4%95%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D1%80%C4%83%D1%87%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD_VI_%C4%95%D0%BC%C4%95%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пирĕн эрăччен VI ĕмĕр (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">пирĕн эрăччен VI ĕмĕрте</a> чапа тухнă, малаш вăхăтнелле хăйĕн мăнаçĕпе çĕрĕсене рим çыннисене пирĕн эрăччен III ĕмĕрте парнелесе хăварнă. Римсем вĕсен тĕнчелĕхне аркатмасăрах хăйсен ăшлăхне чиксе пĕрпеклетсе йышăннă. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Чĕрĕлӳ"><span id=".D0.A7.C4.95.D1.80.C4.95.D0.BB.D3.B3"></span>Чĕрĕлӳ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Чĕрĕлӳ пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&section=6" title="Редактировать код раздела «Чĕрĕлӳ»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Тосканăра итали <a href="/wiki/%D0%A7%C4%95%D1%80%C4%95%D0%BB%D3%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="Чĕрĕлӳ">Чĕрĕлĕвĕ</a> çуралать, унăн ӳнерлĕ кăнарлăхĕ шутне архитектура, ӳнер çыру тата скульптура, пĕтĕм регионăн музейĕсем, вĕсенчен чи чаплисе — <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%86%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Уффицци (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Уффицци</a></i> тата Флоренцири <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Барджелло Музей (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Барджелло Музейĕ</a></i>. Тоскана <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B8" title="Леонардо да Винчи">Леонардо да Винчи</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Микеланджело">Микеланджело</a> тата <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Данте Алигьери">Данте Алигьери</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Итали чĕлхи">итали чĕлхин</a></i> ашшĕ) тăван çĕрĕ пулать. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Хуçалăхĕ"><span id=".D0.A5.D1.83.C3.A7.D0.B0.D0.BB.C4.83.D1.85.C4.95"></span>Хуçалăхĕ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Хуçалăхĕ пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&section=7" title="Редактировать код раздела «Хуçалăхĕ»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D3%B2%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%87%C4%95%D0%BA:Castiglioncello2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Castiglioncello2.jpg/300px-Castiglioncello2.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Castiglioncello2.jpg/450px-Castiglioncello2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Castiglioncello2.jpg/600px-Castiglioncello2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="633" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кастильончелло (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Кастильончелло</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Тоскана хăйĕн чапа çĕнтерсе илнĕ <a href="/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85" title="Эрех">эрехĕсемпе</a> (чи илĕртӳллисем — <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8_(_%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%82%C4%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%C4%83%D1%80%C4%83%D1%85%C4%95_)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кьянти ( эрехтăвакан тăрăхĕ ) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Кьянти</a>, <i>Мореллино Ди Скансано</i> тата <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%87%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE_(_%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%82%C4%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%C4%83%D1%80%C4%83%D1%85%C4%95_)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Брунелло ди Монтальчино ( эрехтăвакан тăрăхĕ ) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Брунелло Ди Монтальчино</a> ) палăрса тăрать, кусемсĕр пуçсăр тепĕр 120 çутçанталăк управĕ хатĕр кĕтеççĕ кăмăл çынсене. </p><p>Ял хуçалăхăн ытти отраçлисем: выльăх-чĕрлĕх ĕрчетесси (Кианти-Айлăмĕнче) тата олива çуне юхтарса кăларасси, уйрăмах <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лукка (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Лукка</a> сăрчĕсенче. </p><p>Промăçлă мотоциклĕсене, мотороллерсене тата самолётсене пуçтараççĕ; <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Прато">Прато</a> текстиль округĕ шутланать, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Ливорно">Ливорнăра</a> нефтехими объекчĕсем тата <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пьомбино (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Пьомбинăра</a> хурçă-тимĕр завочĕсем ĕçлеççĕ. </p><p>Турисăм «<i>Ӳнерлĕх Хулисем</i>» (<a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Флоренци">Флоренци</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пиза (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Пиза</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Лукка (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Лукка</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сиена (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Сиена</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сан Джиминьяно (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Сан Джиминьяно</a>) тата тинĕс хĕрринче тата утравсем (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B0_(%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Эльба (утрав) (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Эльба</a>) çинче сарăлнă. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Апуан Альписем (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Апуан Альписенче</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Каррара (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Каррара</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9C%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Мрамор (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">мрамора</a> тупăçлаççĕ. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Каçăсем"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.B0.C3.A7.C4.83.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Каçăсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Каçăсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&section=8" title="Редактировать код раздела «Каçăсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://eventi.intoscana.it/english/index_russo.htm">Тосканăн официаллă Web-сайчĕ</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.borghiditoscana.com/eng/index.html">Borghi di Toscana</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tuscany-bedandbreakfast.eu">Tuscany B & B</a> <small>2007 ҫулхи Нарӑс уйӑхӗн 2-мӗшӗнче <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070202130614/http://www.tuscany-bedandbreakfast.eu/">архивланӑ</a>.</small></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tuscany-farmholidays.eu">Tuscany Farm Holidays</a> <small>2018 ҫулхи Чӳк уйӑхӗн 26-мӗшӗнче <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181126104903/http://www.tuscany-farmholidays.eu/">архивланӑ</a>.</small></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Асăрхавсем"><span id=".D0.90.D1.81.C4.83.D1.80.D1.85.D0.B0.D0.B2.D1.81.D0.B5.D0.BC"></span>Асăрхавсем</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Асăрхавсем пая тӳрлет" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&action=edit&section=9" title="Редактировать код раздела «Асăрхавсем»"><span>кодне тӳрлет</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tourjournal.ru/florentsiya-stolitsa-italyanskoy-oblasti-toskana/">Флоренци- Итальян облаҫӗн тӗп хули</a></span> </li> </ol> </div> <table class="navbox collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks hlist" style="margin:auto;;"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;width:100%;"><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background:none; padding:0; font-weight:normal;; font-size:xx-small;"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%C3%A7%C4%95%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Шаблон:Итали облаçĕсем"><span title="Шаблоне пăх" style="">п</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D3%B3%D1%82%D1%81%D0%B5_%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8:%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%C3%A7%C4%95%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шаблона 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title="Лигурия (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Лигурия</a>  • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ломбардия (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Ломбардия</a>  • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Марке">Марке</a>  • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B5" title="Молизе">Молизе</a>  • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Пьемонт">Пьемонт</a>  • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сардиния (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Сардиния</a>¹  • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сицилия (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Сицилия</a>¹  • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Тоскана</a>  • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%BE-%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Трентино-Альто-Адидже (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Трентино-Альто-Адидже</a>¹  • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Умбрия">Умбрия</a>  • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8-%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%94%D0%B6%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Фриули-Венеция-Джулия (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Фриули-Венеция-Джулия</a>¹  • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%8F-%D0%A0%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Эмилия-Романья (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Эмилия-Романья</a> </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"> <dl><dt>Çав. пекех  • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Итали провинцийĕ (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">провинцисем</a>  • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Италири метрополитен хулисем (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">метрополитен хулисем</a>  • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%98%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%C4%83%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Италири коммунăсем (хальлӗхе хатӗрлемен-ха)">Италири коммунăсем</a></dt> <dd><small style="float:right"><a 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