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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>North America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regulation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regulation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Regulation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regulation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Safety" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Safety"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Safety</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Safety-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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</div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">General aviation</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviaci%C3%B3n_xeneral" title="Aviación xeneral – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Aviación xeneral" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviaci%C3%B3_general" title="Aviació general – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aviació general" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C5%A1eobecn%C3%A9_letectv%C3%AD" title="Všeobecné letectví – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Všeobecné letectví" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allgemeine_Luftfahrt" title="Allgemeine Luftfahrt – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Allgemeine Luftfahrt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviaci%C3%B3n_general" title="Aviación general – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Aviación general" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%9Cenerala_aviado" title="Ĝenerala aviado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĝenerala aviado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C" title="هوانوردی عمومی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هوانوردی عمومی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviation_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale" title="Aviation générale – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aviation générale" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%BC%EB%B0%98_%ED%95%AD%EA%B3%B5" title="일반 항공 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="일반 항공" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A8" title="सामान्य विमानन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सामान्य विमानन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penerbangan_umum" title="Penerbangan umum – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penerbangan umum" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aviazione_generale" title="Aviazione generale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Aviazione generale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%94_%D7%9B%D7%9C%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%AA" title="תעופה כללית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תעופה כללית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bendroji_aviacija" title="Bendroji aviacija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bendroji aviacija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algemene_luchtvaart" title="Algemene luchtvaart – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Algemene luchtvaart" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BC%E3%83%8D%E3%83%A9%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%93%E3%82%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3" title="ゼネラル・アビエーション – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ゼネラル・アビエーション" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allmennflyging" title="Allmennflyging – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Allmennflyging" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" 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общего назначения – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Авиация общего назначения" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yleisilmailu" title="Yleisilmailu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yleisilmailu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allm%C3%A4nflyg" title="Allmänflyg – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Allmänflyg" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genel_havac%C4%B1l%C4%B1k" title="Genel havacılık – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Genel havacılık" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F" title="Авіація загального призначення – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Авіація загального призначення" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="通用航空 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="通用航空" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the 1930s U.S. aircraft manufacturer named General Aviation, see <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Aircraft" title="Atlantic Aircraft">Atlantic Aircraft</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:General_aviation_aircraft_at_Cheb_Airport_(LKCB).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/General_aviation_aircraft_at_Cheb_Airport_%28LKCB%29.jpg/260px-General_aviation_aircraft_at_Cheb_Airport_%28LKCB%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/General_aviation_aircraft_at_Cheb_Airport_%28LKCB%29.jpg/390px-General_aviation_aircraft_at_Cheb_Airport_%28LKCB%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/General_aviation_aircraft_at_Cheb_Airport_%28LKCB%29.jpg/520px-General_aviation_aircraft_at_Cheb_Airport_%28LKCB%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption>General aviation aircraft at <a href="/wiki/Cheb_Airfield" title="Cheb Airfield">Cheb Airfield</a> in <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>General aviation</b> (<b>GA</b>) is defined by the <a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization" title="International Civil Aviation Organization">International Civil Aviation Organization</a> (ICAO) as all <a href="/wiki/Civil_aviation" title="Civil aviation">civil aviation</a> aircraft operations except for <a href="/wiki/Commercial_air_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Commercial air transport">commercial air transport</a> or aerial work, which is defined as specialized aviation services for other purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-ICAO1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICAO1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, for statistical purposes, ICAO uses a definition of general aviation which includes aerial work.<sup id="cite_ref-ICAO2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICAO2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>General aviation thus represents the "<a href="/wiki/Private_transport" title="Private transport">private transport</a>" and recreational components of aviation,<sup id="cite_ref-IAOPA_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAOPA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> most of which is accomplished with <a href="/wiki/Light_aircraft" title="Light aircraft">light aircraft</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_aviation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Definition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cessna_172S_Skyhawk_SP,_Private_JP6817606.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Cessna_172S_Skyhawk_SP%2C_Private_JP6817606.jpg/220px-Cessna_172S_Skyhawk_SP%2C_Private_JP6817606.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Cessna_172S_Skyhawk_SP%2C_Private_JP6817606.jpg/330px-Cessna_172S_Skyhawk_SP%2C_Private_JP6817606.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Cessna_172S_Skyhawk_SP%2C_Private_JP6817606.jpg/440px-Cessna_172S_Skyhawk_SP%2C_Private_JP6817606.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Cessna_172" title="Cessna 172">Cessna 172</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Most_produced_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Most produced aircraft">most-produced aircraft</a> in history</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cirrus_SR22_ZS-CPB_(2)_(21833428109).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Cirrus_SR22_ZS-CPB_%282%29_%2821833428109%29.jpg/220px-Cirrus_SR22_ZS-CPB_%282%29_%2821833428109%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Cirrus_SR22_ZS-CPB_%282%29_%2821833428109%29.jpg/330px-Cirrus_SR22_ZS-CPB_%282%29_%2821833428109%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Cirrus_SR22_ZS-CPB_%282%29_%2821833428109%29.jpg/440px-Cirrus_SR22_ZS-CPB_%282%29_%2821833428109%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1593" data-file-height="982" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Cirrus_SR22" title="Cirrus SR22">Cirrus SR22</a>, the most-produced GA aircraft of the 21st century</div></div></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OO-FLN.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/OO-FLN.JPG/240px-OO-FLN.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/OO-FLN.JPG/360px-OO-FLN.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/OO-FLN.JPG/480px-OO-FLN.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1096" data-file-height="733" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cessna_CitationJet/M2" title="Cessna CitationJet/M2">Cessna CitationJet/M2</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/Citation_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Citation family">Citation family</a> of <a href="/wiki/Business_jets" class="mw-redirect" title="Business jets">business jets</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PH-1274_Rolladen-Schneider_LS-4b.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/PH-1274_Rolladen-Schneider_LS-4b.JPG/240px-PH-1274_Rolladen-Schneider_LS-4b.JPG" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/PH-1274_Rolladen-Schneider_LS-4b.JPG/360px-PH-1274_Rolladen-Schneider_LS-4b.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/PH-1274_Rolladen-Schneider_LS-4b.JPG/480px-PH-1274_Rolladen-Schneider_LS-4b.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1108" data-file-height="831" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sailplane" class="mw-redirect" title="Sailplane">Sailplane</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Rolladen-Schneider_LS4" title="Rolladen-Schneider LS4">Rolladen-Schneider LS4</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Robinson_R22_Beta,_Heli_Travaux_JP6883626.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Robinson_R22_Beta%2C_Heli_Travaux_JP6883626.jpg/240px-Robinson_R22_Beta%2C_Heli_Travaux_JP6883626.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Robinson_R22_Beta%2C_Heli_Travaux_JP6883626.jpg/360px-Robinson_R22_Beta%2C_Heli_Travaux_JP6883626.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Robinson_R22_Beta%2C_Heli_Travaux_JP6883626.jpg/480px-Robinson_R22_Beta%2C_Heli_Travaux_JP6883626.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Robinson_R22" title="Robinson R22">Robinson R22</a>, a light piston-engine <a href="/wiki/Helicopter" title="Helicopter">helicopter</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:367px;max-width:367px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:188px;max-width:188px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:260px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paraglider_at_Cochrane_Hill,_AB,_Canada.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Paraglider_at_Cochrane_Hill%2C_AB%2C_Canada.jpg/186px-Paraglider_at_Cochrane_Hill%2C_AB%2C_Canada.jpg" decoding="async" width="186" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Paraglider_at_Cochrane_Hill%2C_AB%2C_Canada.jpg/279px-Paraglider_at_Cochrane_Hill%2C_AB%2C_Canada.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Paraglider_at_Cochrane_Hill%2C_AB%2C_Canada.jpg/372px-Paraglider_at_Cochrane_Hill%2C_AB%2C_Canada.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1440" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Paraglider" class="mw-redirect" title="Paraglider">Paraglider</a> in flight</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:175px;max-width:175px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:260px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2006_Ojiya_balloon_festival_011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/2006_Ojiya_balloon_festival_011.jpg/173px-2006_Ojiya_balloon_festival_011.jpg" decoding="async" width="173" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/2006_Ojiya_balloon_festival_011.jpg/260px-2006_Ojiya_balloon_festival_011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/2006_Ojiya_balloon_festival_011.jpg/346px-2006_Ojiya_balloon_festival_011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1896" data-file-height="2852" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Hot_air_balloon" title="Hot air balloon">Hot air balloon</a> in flight</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization" title="International Civil Aviation Organization">International Civil Aviation Organization</a> (ICAO) defines civil aviation aircraft operations in three categories: General Aviation (GA), Aerial Work (AW) and Commercial Air Transport (CAT).<sup id="cite_ref-ICAO1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICAO1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-IAOPA_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAOPA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aerial work operations are separated from general aviation by ICAO by this definition. Aerial work is when an aircraft is used for specialized services such as agriculture, construction, photography, surveying, observation and patrol, search and rescue, and aerial advertisement. However, for statistical purposes ICAO includes aerial work within general aviation, and has proposed officially extending the definition of general aviation to include aerial work, to reflect common usage.<sup id="cite_ref-ICAO2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICAO2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ICAO1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICAO1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The proposed ICAO classification includes <a href="/wiki/Flight_training" title="Flight training">instructional flying</a> as part of general aviation (non-aerial-work). </p><p>The International Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot Associations (IAOPA) refers to the category as general aviation/aerial work (GA/AW) to avoid ambiguity. Their definition of general aviation includes:<sup id="cite_ref-IAOPA_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAOPA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Corporate aviation: company own-use flight operations</li> <li>Fractional ownership operations: aircraft operated by a specialized company on behalf of two or more co-owners</li> <li>Business aviation (or travel): self-flown for business purposes</li> <li>Personal/private travel: travel for personal reasons/personal transport</li> <li>Air tourism: self-flown incoming/outgoing tourism</li> <li>Recreational flying: powered/powerless leisure flying activities</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_sports" title="Air sports">Air sports</a>: <a href="/wiki/Aerobatics" title="Aerobatics">aerobatics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_racing" title="Air racing">air races</a>, competitions, rallies, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-IAOPA_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAOPA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>General aviation thus includes both <a href="/wiki/Commercial_aviation" title="Commercial aviation">commercial</a> and <a href="/wiki/Private_aviation" title="Private aviation">non-commercial</a> activities. </p><p>IAOPA's definition of aerial work includes, but is not limited to:<sup id="cite_ref-IAOPA_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAOPA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_aircraft" title="Agricultural aircraft">Agricultural flights</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Aerial_application" title="Aerial application">crop dusting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banner_towing" class="mw-redirect" title="Banner towing">Banner towing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aerial_firefighting" title="Aerial firefighting">Aerial firefighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_evacuation" title="Medical evacuation">Medical evacuation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilot_training" class="mw-redirect" title="Pilot training">Pilot training</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Search_and_rescue" title="Search and rescue">Search and rescue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sight_seeing" class="mw-redirect" title="Sight seeing">Sight seeing</a> flights</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skydiving" class="mw-redirect" title="Skydiving">Skydiving</a> flights</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organ_transplant" class="mw-redirect" title="Organ transplant">Organ transplant</a> transport flights</li></ul> <p>Commercial air transport includes: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scheduled_airline" class="mw-redirect" title="Scheduled airline">Scheduled air services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_charter" title="Air charter">Non-scheduled air transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_cargo" title="Air cargo">Air cargo</a> services</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_taxi" title="Air taxi">Air taxi</a> operations</li></ul> <p>However, in some countries, air taxi is regarded as being part of GA/AW. </p><p>Private flights are made in a wide variety of aircraft: <a href="/wiki/Light_aircraft" title="Light aircraft">light</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ultra-light_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultra-light aircraft">ultra-light</a> aircraft, <a href="/wiki/Light_sport_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Light sport aircraft">sport aircraft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Homebuilt_aircraft" title="Homebuilt aircraft">homebuilt aircraft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Business_aircraft" title="Business aircraft">business aircraft</a> (like <a href="/wiki/Business_jets" class="mw-redirect" title="Business jets">private jets</a>), <a href="/wiki/Glider_aircraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Glider aircraft">gliders</a> and <a href="/wiki/Helicopters" class="mw-redirect" title="Helicopters">helicopters</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-IAOPA_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAOPA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Flights can be carried out under both <a href="/wiki/Visual_flight_rules" title="Visual flight rules">visual flight</a> and <a href="/wiki/Instrument_flight_rules" title="Instrument flight rules">instrument flight</a> rules, and can use <a href="/wiki/Controlled_airspace" title="Controlled airspace">controlled airspace</a> with permission. </p><p>The majority of the world's air traffic falls into the category of general aviation, and most of the world's airports serve GA exclusively.<sup id="cite_ref-IAOPA_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IAOPA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Flying_club" title="Flying club">Flying clubs</a> are considered a part of general aviation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_aviation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_aviation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/General_aviation_in_Europe" title="General aviation in Europe">General aviation in Europe</a></div> <p>In 2003, the <a href="/wiki/European_Aviation_Safety_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="European Aviation Safety Agency">European Aviation Safety Agency</a> was established as the central EU regulator, taking over responsibility for legislating airworthiness and environmental regulation from the national authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_aviation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/General_aviation_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="General aviation in the United Kingdom">General aviation in the United Kingdom</a></div> <p>Of the 21,000 civil aircraft registered in the United Kingdom,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 96 percent are engaged in GA operations, and annually the GA fleet accounts for between 1.25 and 1.35 million hours flown. There are 28,000 <a href="/wiki/Private_Pilot_Licence" class="mw-redirect" title="Private Pilot Licence">private pilot licence</a> holders, and 10,000 <a href="/wiki/Gliding#Badges" title="Gliding">certified glider pilots</a>. Some of the 19,000 pilots who hold professional licences are also engaged in GA activities. GA operates from more than 1,800 airports and landing sites or <a href="/wiki/Aerodrome" title="Aerodrome">aerodromes</a>, ranging in size from large <a href="/wiki/Regional_airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional airport">regional airports</a> to farm strips. </p><p>GA is regulated by the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Aviation_Authority_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil Aviation Authority of the United Kingdom">Civil Aviation Authority</a>. The main focus is on standards of <a href="/wiki/Airworthiness" title="Airworthiness">airworthiness</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pilot_licensing_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Pilot licensing in the United Kingdom">pilot licensing</a>, and the objective is to promote high standards of safety. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_America">North America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_aviation&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: North America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>General aviation is particularly popular in North America, with over 6,300 airports available for public use by pilots of general aviation aircraft (around 5,200 airports in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a> and over 1,000 in <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a><sup id="cite_ref-CFS_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CFS-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). In comparison, scheduled flights operate from around 560 airports in the U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the U.S. <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_Owners_and_Pilots_Association" title="Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association">Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association</a>, general aviation provides more than one percent of the United States' <a href="/wiki/GDP" class="mw-redirect" title="GDP">GDP</a>, accounting for 1.3 million jobs in <a href="/wiki/Professional_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Professional service">professional services</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_manufacturing" class="mw-redirect" title="Aircraft manufacturing">manufacturing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regulation">Regulation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_aviation&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Regulation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most countries have a <a href="/wiki/Civil_aviation_authority" title="Civil aviation authority">civil aviation authority</a> that oversees all <a href="/wiki/Civil_aviation" title="Civil aviation">civil aviation</a>, including general aviation, adhering to the standardized codes of the <a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization" title="International Civil Aviation Organization">International Civil Aviation Organization</a> (ICAO). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Safety">Safety</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_aviation&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Safety"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aviation <a href="/wiki/Transportation_safety_in_the_United_States" title="Transportation safety in the United States">accident rate statistics</a> are necessarily estimates. According to the U.S. <a href="/wiki/National_Transportation_Safety_Board" title="National Transportation Safety Board">National Transportation Safety Board</a>, general aviation in the United States (excluding charter) suffered 1.31 fatal accidents for every 100,000 hours of flying in 2005, compared to 0.016 for scheduled airline flights.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Canada, recreational flying accounted for 0.7 fatal accidents for every 1000 aircraft, while air taxi accounted for 1.1 fatal accidents for every 100,000 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More experienced GA pilots appear generally safer, although the relationship between flight hours, accident frequency, and accident rates are complex and often difficult to assess.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A small number of commercial aviation accidents in the United States have involved collisions with general aviation flights, notably <a href="/wiki/TWA_Flight_553" title="TWA Flight 553">TWA Flight 553</a>, <a href="/wiki/Piedmont_Airlines_Flight_22" title="Piedmont Airlines Flight 22">Piedmont Airlines Flight 22</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allegheny_Airlines_Flight_853" title="Allegheny Airlines Flight 853">Allegheny Airlines Flight 853</a>, <a href="/wiki/PSA_Flight_182" class="mw-redirect" title="PSA Flight 182">PSA Flight 182</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aeromexico_Flight_498" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeromexico Flight 498">Aeroméxico Flight 498</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_aviation&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/28px-Aviacionavion.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/42px-Aviacionavion.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Aviacionavion.png/56px-Aviacionavion.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Aviation" title="Portal:Aviation">Aviation portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_aviation" title="Commercial aviation">Commercial aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_aviation" title="Environmental impact of aviation">Environmental impact of aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Aviation_Revitalization_Act" title="General Aviation Revitalization Act">General Aviation Revitalization Act of 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_production_certified_light_aircraft" title="List of current production certified light aircraft">List of current production certified light aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_very_light_jets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of very light jets">List of very light jets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenAirplane" title="OpenAirplane">OpenAirplane</a> (defunct web-based service)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/One_Six_Right" title="One Six Right">One Six Right</a></i> (2005 documentary)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_aviation" title="Private aviation">Private aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Airplane_Revitalization_Act_of_2013" title="Small Airplane Revitalization Act of 2013">Small Airplane Revitalization Act of 2013</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Associations</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_Owners_and_Pilots_Association" title="Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association">Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Owners_and_Pilots_Association" title="Canadian Owners and Pilots Association">Canadian Owners and Pilots Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_Aircraft_Association" title="Experimental Aircraft Association">Experimental Aircraft Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Aviation_Manufacturers_Association" title="General Aviation Manufacturers Association">General Aviation Manufacturers Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Business_Aviation_Association" title="National Business Aviation Association">National Business Aviation Association</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_aviation&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ICAO1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ICAO1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ICAO1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ICAO1_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.verifavia.com/bases/ressource_pdf/299/icao-annex-6-part-i.pdf">"1. Definitions"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Annex 6, Operation of Aircraft Part I, International Commercial Air Transport – Aeroplanes</i> (9 ed.). International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). July 2010. pp. 1, 3 and 5. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789292315368" title="Special:BookSources/9789292315368"><bdi>9789292315368</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150112170423/http://www.verifavia.com/bases/ressource_pdf/299/icao-annex-6-part-i.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 12 January 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=1.+Definitions&rft.btitle=Annex+6%2C+Operation+of+Aircraft+Part+I%2C+International+Commercial+Air+Transport+%E2%80%93+Aeroplanes&rft.pages=1%2C+3+and+5&rft.edition=9&rft.pub=International+Civil+Aviation+Organization+%28ICAO%29&rft.date=2010-07&rft.isbn=9789292315368&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.verifavia.com%2Fbases%2Fressource_pdf%2F299%2Ficao-annex-6-part-i.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeneral+aviation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ICAO2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ICAO2_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ICAO2_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.icao.int/Meetings/STA10/Documents/Sta10_Wp007_en.pdf">"ICAO web site"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150209030308/http://www.icao.int/Meetings/STA10/Documents/Sta10_Wp007_en.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 9 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=ICAO+web+site&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.icao.int%2FMeetings%2FSTA10%2FDocuments%2FSta10_Wp007_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeneral+aviation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IAOPA-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IAOPA_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IAOPA_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IAOPA_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IAOPA_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IAOPA_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IAOPA_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IAOPA_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iaopa.eu/what-is-general-aviation">"What is General Aviation; Definition"</a>. The International Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot Associations (IAOPA)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=What+is+General+Aviation%3B+Definition&rft.pub=The+International+Council+of+Aircraft+Owner+and+Pilot+Associations+%28IAOPA%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iaopa.eu%2Fwhat-is-general-aviation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeneral+aviation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://publicapps.caa.co.uk/docs/33/StrategicReviewGA.pdf">"5"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Strategic Review of General Aviation in the UK</i>. <a href="/wiki/Civil_Aviation_Authority_(United_Kingdom)" title="Civil Aviation Authority (United Kingdom)">CAA</a>. July 2006. pp. 52–53, paras. 5.18–5.24. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161221023744/https://publicapps.caa.co.uk/docs/33/StrategicReviewGA.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 21 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=5&rft.btitle=Strategic+Review+of+General+Aviation+in+the+UK&rft.pages=52-53%2C+paras.+5.18-5.24&rft.pub=CAA&rft.date=2006-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublicapps.caa.co.uk%2Fdocs%2F33%2FStrategicReviewGA.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeneral+aviation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170525172901/https://www.caa.co.uk/uploadedFiles/CAA/Content/Standard_Content/Data_and_analysis/Datasets/Aircraft_register/CofA/UK%20registered%20aircraft%20by%20class%20weight%20and%20CofA%202010.pdf">"UK Registered Aircraft January 2010"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Civil_Aviation_Authority_(United_Kingdom)" title="Civil Aviation Authority (United Kingdom)">CAA</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.caa.co.uk/uploadedFiles/CAA/Content/Standard_Content/Data_and_analysis/Datasets/Aircraft_register/CofA/UK%20registered%20aircraft%20by%20class%20weight%20and%20CofA%202010.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 25 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UK+Registered+Aircraft+January+2010&rft.pub=CAA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.caa.co.uk%2FuploadedFiles%2FCAA%2FContent%2FStandard_Content%2FData_and_analysis%2FDatasets%2FAircraft_register%2FCofA%2FUK%2520registered%2520aircraft%2520by%2520class%2520weight%2520and%2520CofA%25202010.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeneral+aviation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CFS-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CFS_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Nav_Canada" title="Nav Canada">Nav Canada</a>: <i>Canada Flight Supplement - Canada and North Atlantic Terminal and Enroute Data</i> Nav Canada, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libraryonline.erau.edu/online-full-text/books-online/FAAFactBook.pdf"><i>FAA Administrator's Fact Book</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. U.S. Department of Transportation. March 2010. p. 16. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090219141349/http://libraryonline.erau.edu/online-full-text/books-online/FAAFactBook.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 19 February 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=FAA+Administrator%27s+Fact+Book&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=U.S.+Department+of+Transportation&rft.date=2010-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibraryonline.erau.edu%2Fonline-full-text%2Fbooks-online%2FFAAFactBook.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeneral+aviation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aopa.org/">AOPA USA's General Aviation website</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150214124431/http://www.aopa.org/">Archived</a> 14 February 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/data/Documents/ARA1101.pdf">"NTSB accident rates by flying category"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Ntsb.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150905195136/http://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/data/Documents/ARA1101.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 5 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NTSB+accident+rates+by+flying+category&rft.pub=Ntsb.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ntsb.gov%2Finvestigations%2Fdata%2FDocuments%2FARA1101.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeneral+aviation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tc.gc.ca/eng/civilaviation/opssvs/managementservices-referencecentre-2192.html">"Aviation Safety Program Manual for the Civil Aviation Directorate"</a>. Tc.gc.ca. 31 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aviation+Safety+Program+Manual+for+the+Civil+Aviation+Directorate&rft.pub=Tc.gc.ca&rft.date=2015-12-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tc.gc.ca%2Feng%2Fcivilaviation%2Fopssvs%2Fmanagementservices-referencecentre-2192.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeneral+aviation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Knecht, WR (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.faa.gov/data_research/research/med_humanfacs/oamtechreports/2010s/media/201215.pdf">DOT/FAA/AM-12/15 "Predicting general aviation accident frequency from pilot total flight hours"</a> (Technical Report). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121119001847/http://www.faa.gov/data_research/research/med_humanfacs/oamtechreports/2010s/media/201215.pdf">Archived</a> 19 November 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Washington, D.C.: Federal Aviation Administration.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Knecht, WR (2015). "The 'killing zone' revisited: Serial nonlinearities predict general aviation accident rates from pilot total flight hours". <i>Accident Analysis & Prevention</i>, 60, 50–56.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Knecht, WR (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.faa.gov/data_research/research/med_humanfacs/oamtechreports/2010s/media/201503.pdf">DOT/FAA/AM-15/3 "Predicting accident rates from general aviation pilot total flight hours"</a> (Technical Report). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121119001847/http://www.faa.gov/data_research/research/med_humanfacs/oamtechreports/2010s/media/201215.pdf">Archived</a> 19 November 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Washington, D.C.: Federal Aviation Administration.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_aviation&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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