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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Табияты"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Табияты</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Табияты-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Тарыхы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Тарыхы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Тарыхы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Тарыхы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Колдонулган_адабияттар" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Колдонулган_адабияттар"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Колдонулган адабияттар</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Колдонулган_адабияттар-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Мазмуну" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Мазмунду жашыруу/көрсөтүү" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Мазмунду жашыруу/көрсөтүү</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Панама</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Башка тилдеги макалага өтүү. 237 тилде жеткиликтүү" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-237" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">237 тил</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – ачехче" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="ачехче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ady mw-list-item"><a href="https://ady.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8D" title="Панамэ – адыгейче" lang="ady" hreflang="ady" data-title="Панамэ" data-language-autonym="Адыгабзэ" data-language-local-name="адыгейче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгабзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – африкаанча" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – немисче (Швейцария)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="немисче (Швейцария)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8D%93%E1%8A%93%E1%88%9B" title="ፓናማ – амхарча" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ፓናማ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ami mw-list-item"><a href="https://ami.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Amis" lang="ami" hreflang="ami" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Pangcah" data-language-local-name="Amis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangcah</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – арагончо" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагончо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पनामा – ангикача" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="पनामा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ангикача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7" title="بنما – арабча" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بنما" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="باناما – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="باناما" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – астурийче" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पनामा – авадхиче" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="पनामा" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="авадхиче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – аймарача" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="аймарача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – азербайжанча" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайжанча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – башкырча" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкырча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – баличе" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="баличе" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – беларусча" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларусча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – болгарча" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पनामा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="पनामा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – бисламача" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="бисламача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – бамбарача" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="бамбарача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE" title="পানামা – бангладешче" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পানামা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бангладешче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%94%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="པ་ན་མ། – тибетче" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="པ་ན་མ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="тибетче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE" title="পানামা – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="পানামা" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – бретончо" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретончо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – боснийче" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="боснийче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A0" title="Panamà – каталончо" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Panamà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталончо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – чеченче" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чеченче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – себуанча" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуанча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%95%D9%86%DB%95%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پەنەما – борбордук курдча" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پەنەما" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="борбордук курдча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – чехче" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чехче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – чувашча" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A2" title="Panamâ – уелшче" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Panamâ" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="уелшче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – датча" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – немисче" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немисче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – төмөнкү сорбианча" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="төмөнкү сорбианча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पानामा – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="पानामा" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%95%DE%AC%DE%82%DE%A6%DE%89%DE%A7" title="ޕެނަމާ – дивехиче" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ޕެނަމާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="дивехиче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – эбече" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="эбече" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%82" title="Παναμάς – грекче" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Παναμάς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="грекче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – англисче" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англисче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamo" title="Panamo – эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Panamo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – испанча" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – эстончо" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстончо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – баскча" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – фарсча" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="фарсча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – финче" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – фарерче" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="фарерче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – французча" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – түндүк фризче (евразиялык тилдер)" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="түндүк фризче (евразиялык тилдер)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – батыш фризче" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="батыш фризче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – ирландча" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – гагаузча" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="гагаузча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pannanman" title="Pannanman – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Pannanman" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – шотладиялык гелча" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="шотладиялык гелча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – галисияча" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисияча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – гуараниче" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуараниче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पनामा – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="पनामा" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AA%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE" title="પનામા – гужаратча" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="પનામા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="гужаратча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yn_Phanamaa" title="Yn Phanamaa – мэнксыча" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Yn Phanamaa" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="мэнксыча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_(%C6%99asa)" title="Panama (ƙasa) – хаусача" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Panama (ƙasa)" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хаусача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Хакка кытайча" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Хакка кытайча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C4%81" title="Panamā – гавайча" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Panamā" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="гавайча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%9E%D7%94" title="פנמה – ивритче" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פנמה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ивритче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पनामा – хиндиче" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पनामा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хиндиче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – хорватча" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – жогорку сорбианча" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="жогорку сорбианча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – гаитиче" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаитиче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – венгерче" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1" title="Պանամա – армянча" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պանամա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1" title="Փանամա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Փանամա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – ибанча" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ибанча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – индонезияча" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезияча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – илокочо" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="илокочо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – идочо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идочо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – исландча" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – италиянча" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="италиянча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%83%8A%E3%83%9E" title="パナマ – жапончо" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パナマ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="жапончо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamaa" title="Panamaa – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Panamaa" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/panamas" title="panamas – ложбанча" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="panamas" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ложбанча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – жаванизче" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="жаванизче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="პანამა – грузинче" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პანამა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузинче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – кабылча" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабылча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – кикуйиче" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="кикуйиче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – казакча" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казакча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE" title="ಪನಾಮಾ – каннадача" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪನಾಮಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="каннадача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EB%82%98%EB%A7%88" title="파나마 – корейче" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="파나마" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%8E%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8E%DB%81" title="پَنامَہ – кашмирче" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="پَنامَہ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="кашмирче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – курдча" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – комиче" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="комиче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – корнишче" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнишче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="жакшы макалалар"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – латынча" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латынча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – ладиночо" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="ладиночо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – люксембургча" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – лимбургиче" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургиче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – лингалача" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="лингалача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – литовчо" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовчо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – латышча" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – мадурисче" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="мадурисче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – мокшача" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="мокшача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A0" title="Panamà – малагасча" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Panamà" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C4%81" title="Panamā – маориче" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Panamā" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="маориче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – минанкабауча" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="минанкабауча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – македончо" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македончо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%AE" title="പാനമ – малайаламча" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പാനമ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малайаламча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Панам – монголчо" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Панам" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монголчо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%84%EA%AF%85%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A5" title="ꯄꯅꯥꯃꯥ – манипуриче" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯄꯅꯥꯃꯥ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="манипуриче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पनामा – маратиче" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पनामा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратиче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – малайча" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – малтизче" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="малтизче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – мирандизче" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="мирандизче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%94%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%84%E1%80%B6" title="ပနားမားနိုင်ငံ – бурмача" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပနားမားနိုင်ငံ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="бурмача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – эрзянча" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="эрзянча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – мазандераниче" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="мазандераниче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – төмөнкү немисче" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="төмөнкү немисче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पानामा – непалча" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पानामा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="непалча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पनामा – невариче" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="पनामा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="невариче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_(land)" title="Panama (land) – голландча" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Panama (land)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="голландча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – норвежче (нинорск)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвежче (нинорск)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – норвежче (букмал)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежче (букмал)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A0_(pa%C3%ADs)" title="Panamà (país) – окситанча" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Panamà (país)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panaamaa" title="Panaamaa – оромочо" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Panaamaa" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="оромочо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%C3%A6" title="Панамæ – осетинче" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Панамæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="осетинче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE" title="ਪਨਾਮਾ – пунжабиче" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪਨਾਮਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="пунжабиче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – пампангача" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="пампангача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – папиаменточо" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="папиаменточо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पानामा – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="पानामा" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – полякча" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="полякча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A0" title="Panamà – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Panamà" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – пуштуча" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пуштуча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – португалча" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португалча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pwn mw-list-item"><a href="https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Paiwan" lang="pwn" hreflang="pwn" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Pinayuanan" data-language-local-name="Paiwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pinayuanan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – кечуача" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – румынча" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – орусча" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="орусча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – руандача" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="руандача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="पानामा – санскритче" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="पानामा" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="санскритче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панаама – сахача" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Панаама" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="сахача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – сардинче" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардинче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A0" title="Panamà – сицилийче" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Panamà" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилийче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – шотландча" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="шотландча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – синдхиче" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхиче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – түндүк саамиче" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="түндүк саамиче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – серб-хорват" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="серб-хорват" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%B0%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%82%83%E1%82%88%E1%81%BC%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8" title="မိူင်းပႃႈၼႃးမႃး – шанча" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မိူင်းပႃႈၼႃးမႃး" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="шанча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="පැනමාව – сингалача" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="පැනමාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингалача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama_(%C5%A1t%C3%A1t)" title="Panama (štát) – словакча" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Panama (štát)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словакча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – словенче" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – самоанча" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="самоанча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – инари саамиче" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="инари саамиче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – шонача" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="шонача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banama" title="Banama – сомаличе" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Banama" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомаличе" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamaja" title="Panamaja – албанча" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Panamaja" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – сербче" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPhanama" title="IPhanama – сватиче" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="IPhanama" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="сватиче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – сунданча" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сунданча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – шведче" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – суахиличе" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахиличе" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE" title="பனாமா – тамилче" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பனாமா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамилче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE" title="పనామా – телугуча" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పనామా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="телугуча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – тетумча" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="тетумча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – тажикче" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="тажикче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2" title="ประเทศปานามา – тайча" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประเทศปานามา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – түркмөнчө" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="түркмөнчө" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-to mw-list-item"><a href="https://to.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C4%81" title="Panamā – тонгача" lang="to" hreflang="to" data-title="Panamā" data-language-autonym="Lea faka-Tonga" data-language-local-name="тонгача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lea faka-Tonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – ток-писинче" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="ток-писинче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – түркчө" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="түркчө" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-trv mw-list-item"><a href="https://trv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – тарокочо" lang="trv" hreflang="trv" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Seediq" data-language-local-name="тарокочо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seediq</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – татарча" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – удмуртча" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="удмуртча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – уйгурча" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="уйгурча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Панама – украинче" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Панама" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7" title="پاناما – урдуча" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پاناما" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урдуча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – өзбекче" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="өзбекче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A0nama" title="Pànama – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Pànama" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam" title="Panam – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Panam" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – вьетнамча" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнамча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A4n" title="Panamän – волапюкча" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Panamän" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="волапюкча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – варайча" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варайча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamaa" title="Panamaa – уолофчо" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Panamaa" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="уолофчо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%BF%E9%A9%AC" title="巴拿马 – "У" диалектинде (Кытай)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="巴拿马" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name=""У" диалектинде (Кытай)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="პანამა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="პანამა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%90" title="פאנאמא – идишче" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פאנאמא" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идишче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panam%C3%A1" title="Panamá – йорубача" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Panamá" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="йорубача" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B1%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B4%B0" title="ⴱⴰⵏⴰⵎⴰ – марокко тамазигт адабий тилинде" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴱⴰⵏⴰⵎⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="марокко тамазигт адабий тилинде" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%BF%E9%A9%AC" title="巴拿马 – кытайча" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="巴拿马" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кытайча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%BF%E9%A6%AC" title="巴拿馬 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="巴拿馬" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%BF%E9%A6%AC" title="巴拿馬 – кантончо" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="巴拿馬" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантончо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panama" title="Panama – зулуча" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Panama" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="зулуча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q804#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Башка тилдерге шилтемени түзөтүү" class="wbc-editpage">Шилтемелерди түзөтүү</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Аталыш мейкиндиктери"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Барактын мазмунун кароо [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Макала</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%83:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Барактын мазмунун талкуулоо (мындай барак жок) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Талкуу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input 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aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Википедия дан</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ky" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Panama_(orthographic_projection).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Panama_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/220px-Panama_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Panama_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/330px-Panama_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Panama_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/440px-Panama_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a><figcaption>Панама.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Flag_of_Panama.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/220px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/330px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Flag_of_Panama.svg/440px-Flag_of_Panama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Панама</b>, Панама Республикасы – <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83%D0%BA_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Борбордук Америка">Борбордук Америкадагы</a> мамлекет. Панама мойногунун жээгинде жайгашкан. Чыгышынан жана түштүк-чыгышынан Колумбия, батышынан Коста-Рика менен чектешет. Түндүгүнөн Кариб деңизи, түштүгүнөн Тынч океан чулгайт. Аянты 75,4 миң км<sup>2</sup>. Калкы 3,4 млн (2011), элинин негизин панамалыктар түзөт. Ошондой эле түндүк-батышында жана түндүк-чыгышында индейлер, чибча (гуйами, куна ж. б.), түштүк-чыгышында чоколор (амбера ж. б.) жашайт. Динге ишенгендери – католиктер. Протестанттар да бар. Расмий тили – испан тили. Калкынын жашынын орточо узактыгы: эркектериники - 72 жаш, аялдарыныкы - 78. Төрөлүүнүнүн денгээли орточо (1000 кишиге 24,1), өлүм-житим төмөн (1000ге 4,8, жаш балдарыныкы жогору, 1000ге 16,0). Административдик- аймактык жактан 9 провинцияга бөлүнөт. Борбору – <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Панама шаары">Панама шаары</a> Шаар калкы 73%. Ири шаарлары: Колон, Бальбоа, Панама. Акча бирдиги – АКШ доллары. Администрациялык-аймактык бөлүнүшү (2010). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Мамлекеттик_түзүлүшү"><span id=".D0.9C.D0.B0.D0.BC.D0.BB.D0.B5.D0.BA.D0.B5.D1.82.D1.82.D0.B8.D0.BA_.D1.82.D2.AF.D0.B7.D2.AF.D0.BB.D2.AF.D1.88.D2.AF"></span>Мамлекеттик түзүлүшү</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=1" title="«Мамлекеттик түзүлүшү‎» бөлүмүн түзөтүү" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>түзөтүү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Мамлекеттик түзүлүшү"><span>булагын түзөтүү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Панама <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Унитардык мамлекет">унитардык мамлекет</a>. Конституциясы 1972-ж. кабыл алынган. Башкаруу формасы – президенттик республика. Мамлекет жана өкмөт башчысы – президент. Мыйзам чыгаруу бийлигинин жогорку органы – бир палаталуу Улуттук ассамблея. Панамада көп партиялуу система орун алган. Негизги саясий партиялары – Демократиялык революциялык партия, Панама улуттук партиясы, Демократиялык өзгөрүү партиясы ж. б. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Табияты"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.B8.D1.8F.D1.82.D1.8B"></span>Табияты</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=2" title="«Табияты‎» бөлүмүн түзөтүү" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>түзөтүү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Табияты"><span>булагын түзөтүү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Жери негизинен тоолуу. Климаты субэкватордук, Кариб деңизине караган капталдары нымдуу. Айлык орточо температурасы 25- 28°С. Жылдык жаан-чачыны 3500 жлгечейин. Эң ири дарыясы – Чагрес. Күлдөшкөн латерит топурагы басымдуу. Дайыма жашыл, түштүк-батышында жалбырагы күбүлмө токой өсөт. Улуттук парктар (Дарын ж. б.), резерваттар, токой заказниктери уюштурулган. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Тарыхы"><span id=".D0.A2.D0.B0.D1.80.D1.8B.D1.85.D1.8B"></span>Тарыхы</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=3" title="«Тарыхы‎» бөлүмүн түзөтүү" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>түзөтүү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Тарыхы"><span>булагын түзөтүү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Panama_Canal_at_Gamboa_-_Flickr_-_treegrow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Panama_Canal_at_Gamboa_-_Flickr_-_treegrow.jpg/220px-Panama_Canal_at_Gamboa_-_Flickr_-_treegrow.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Panama_Canal_at_Gamboa_-_Flickr_-_treegrow.jpg/330px-Panama_Canal_at_Gamboa_-_Flickr_-_treegrow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Panama_Canal_at_Gamboa_-_Flickr_-_treegrow.jpg/440px-Panama_Canal_at_Gamboa_-_Flickr_-_treegrow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Панама каналы">Панама каналы</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Байыртадан Панама аймагын индей уруулары (куна, чоко, гуайям ж. б.) мекендеген. 1509-ж. испандар Дарьен булунунун жээгинде жаңы колония ачып, 1519-ж. Панама шаарын негиздешкен. 19-кылымдын 1-чейрегинде испан бийлигине каршы күрөш башталып, 1821-ж. Панаманын көз карандысыздыгы жарыяланган. 1830-ж. Панама Жаңы Гранадага, 1886-жылдан Колумбияга караган. Панама мойногуна ээ болуу үчүн <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Улуу Британия">Улуу Британия</a> менен АКШ аракеттенген. 1903-ж. 3-ноябрда АКШнын колдоосу жана демилгеси менен Панама республикасынын саясий көз карандысыздыгы жарыяланып, ошол эле айда <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Панама каналы">Панама каналы</a> жээгиндеги аймактар АКШнын көзөмөлүнө өткөн. 1959-ж. Куба революциясынын жеңишинен улам Панамада улуттук-боштондук кыймылы күчөп, Панама каналын кайтарып алуу талабы коюлган. АКШ 1903-жылдагы Америка – Панама келишимин кайра кароого аргасыз болгон. 1968-ж. Панамада аскер төңкөрүшү болуп, бийликке генерал Торрихос келген. Ал бардык саясий партияларды, улуттук ассамблеяны таратып, айрым реформаларды ишке ашырган. Пмда курулуш иштери (үй, көпүрө, жол ж. б. куруу) жанданып, өлкөнүн өз алдынчалыгын чыңдоо боюнча чаралар көрүлгөн. Ошондой эле 1999-жылдын 31-декабрына чейин Панама каналын Панама өкмөтүнө өткөрүп берүү жөнүндө келишим түзүүгө АКШны макулдаткан. 1981-ж. генерал Торрихос авиа кыйроодон өлгөн жана бийликке полковник Мануэль Норьега баштаган жарандык өкмөт келген. 1989-ж. 20-декабрда АКШ бийлиги Норьеганы наркотик сатууга катышкан деген күнөө менен бийликтен кетирген. 2009-ж. чейин өлкөнүн ички саясий абалы тынчыган эмес. 2009-ж. 3-майда «Демократиялык тандоо» либералдык партиясынын өкүлү Рикардо Мартинелли президенттикке шайланган. Экономикасынын негизин Панама каналын пайдалануу түзөт. 2009-ж. канал аркылуу 14,3 миң кеме өтүп, 198 млн т жүк ташылган. Ошондой эле Панаманын желегин 8,2 миңге жакын кеме колдонуп, 2008-ж. жалпы көлөмү 201 млн т жүк өткөн. Кирешенин көп бөлүгү «ынгайлуу желек» менен жүргөн соода кемелеринен, ошондой эле банк-финансы, камсыздандыруучу компаниялардан жана чет өлкөлүк туризмден түшөт. Ички дүң продукциясынын (ИДП) көлөмү 40,32 млрд АКШ долларын түзөт (2009). Аны киши башына бөлүштүргөндө 12,0 миң доллардан туура келет. Андагы тейлөө чөйрөсүнүн үлүшү (% менен) 76,5, өнөр-жайдыкы 17,1, айыл-чарбасыныкы 6,4. 2008-ж. 6,2 млрд кВт-с электр энергиясы өндүрүлгөн. Кант, ром, жин өндүрүлөт. Тигилүү буюмдар, эмерек, тамак-аш – татымал (сүт, томат) өнөр-жайы иштейт. Балык жана жемиштер беленделет. Агрардык секторунда өсүмдүк өстүрүүчүлүк өнүккөн. Негизинен дарбыз, коон, ананас, банан өстүрүлөт. Салттуу өсүмдүктөрү – кофе, бал камыш. Негизги азыктары – жүгөрү жана шалы. Мал чарбачылыгы да бар. Балык жана деңиз азыктары даярдалат. Автомобиль жолунун узундугу (миң км менен) 11,08, темир жолунуку 76. Ири порттору: Колон, Бальбоа. Экспортко айыл-чарба азыктарын, балык жана креветка, эт, кант, металл буюмдары, кийим-кечек чыгарылат. Негизги соода шериктери: АКШ, Коста-Рика, Нидерланд жана Кытай. </p><p>Панама элинин адабияты 19-кылымдын ортосуна чейин Колумбия адабиятынын негизинде өнүккөн. Бирок Колумбиядан бөлүнгөнгө чейин эле улуттук адабияттын пайда болушуна умтулушкан. X. Колунхе, Т. М. Фёйе, X. М. Алеман сыяктуу алгачкы романтик акындар чыккан. Модернизмдин өкүлдөрү Д. Эррера, Г. Андреве, Л. А. Сото ж. б. улуттук маданияттын өнүгүшүнө салым кошкон. Француз символисттеринин жана «парнасчылдардын» жолун жолдошкон. Авангардчыл акындар Р. Синан («Толкун», 1929), Р. X. Лауренс ж. б. формализм багытына басым коюшса, Д. Кореи, Д. Эррера Севильяно ж. б. чыгармаларында социалдык курч маселелерди чагылдырышкан. Прозада И. де X. Вальдес, Э. Уэра М. А. Родригес, X. Б. Coca ж. б. айыл жана кыштак турмушуна кайрылышкан. 2-дүйнөлүк согуштан кийин бир топ акын-жазуучулар (С. А. Канданедо, Р. Осореса, М. Риера, X. Беленьо ж. б.) аңгемелеринде жана ырларында, романдарында социалдык адилетсиздик маселелерин көтөрүшкөн. Драматургияда X. де X. Мартинес «Коркунучтуу сот» (1968) ж. б. чыгармаларын жаратты. </p><p>Панаманын байыркы маданияты (16-кылымга чейин) Мексиканын маданияты менен Борбордук Америка өлкөлөрүнүн маданият менен карым-катнашта калыптанган. Коло ниялык мезгилдеги шаарлары (Панама, Портебело) ар кандай курулуштар, рыноктор, кампалар, бажы үйлөрү менен толукталган. 20-кылымда Панама менен Колонн шаарында ошол кездеги АКШ архрасынын таасириндеги комплекстер жана имараттар пайда болгон. 20-кылымдын сүрөт искусствосундa Р. Люистин аллегориялык монументтик чиймелери, X. М. Ульонанын экспрессиялык скульптурасы, X. Ф. Аросеменанын пейзаждары менен натюрморттору; Ф. Р. Карчеранын эл турмушуна арналган ксилографиясы белгилүү. Панаманын кийинки замандагы искусствосу кубизимдин (С. Одубер), сюрреализмдин (П. Руньян), попарттын таасиринде өнүккөн. Өлкөнүн борбору Панама шаарында собор жана чиркөөлөр (17-кылым), 1671-ж. пираттар тарабынан өрттөлгөн, эски Панаманын урандылары (16–17-кылымдар) бар. </p><p>Билим берүүсү мектепке чейинки тарбиялоону, башталгыч, толук орто, кесиптиктехникалык жана жогорку билим берүүнү камтыйт. Мамлекеттик жана менчик окуу жайлары бар. 15 жаштан жогорку калктын сабаттуулугу 70% ти түзөт (2012). Окутуу 15 жашка чейин акысыз жана испан тилинде жүргүзүлөт. Панама университети (1935) жана «Санта-Мария ла Антигуа» католиктик университети (1965), ошондой эле ири китепканалар, музейлер, илимий мекемелери бар. «La Prenza», «Panama News», «El Siglo» ж. б. гезит-журналдар чыгарылат. Радиоуктуруу 1959-жылдан, телекөрсөтүү 1960- жылдан иштейт. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Колдонулган_адабияттар"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.B4.D0.BE.D0.BD.D1.83.D0.BB.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.BD_.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.B8.D1.8F.D1.82.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80"></span>Колдонулган адабияттар</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0&veaction=edit&section=4" title="«Колдонулган адабияттар‎» бөлүмүн түзөтүү" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>түзөтүү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Колдонулган адабияттар"><span>булагын түзөтүү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E2%80%9C%D0%9A%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%E2%80%9D_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%82%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="“Кыргызстан” улуттук энциклопедиясы">“Кыргызстан” улуттук энциклопедиясы</a>: 6-том. Башкы редактору Асанов Ү. А. К 97. Б.: Мамлекеттик тил жана энциклопедия борбору, 2014. 816 бет, илл. ISBN 978 9967-14-117 -9</li></ul> <table class="navbox collapsible collapsed nowraplinks" style="margin:auto;;"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;width:100%;background:#ccccff"><span class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="white-space:nowrap;font-size:xx-small;float:left;text-align:left;width:3.8em"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BF:%D0%A2%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D2%AF%D0%BA_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Бул калыпты көрүү"><img alt="Бул калыпты көрүү" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/14px-Searchtool.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/21px-Searchtool.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Searchtool.svg/28px-Searchtool.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </span><span style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D0%BD%D0%B4%D2%AF%D0%BA_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D3%A9%D0%BB%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%BB%D3%A9%D1%80%D2%AF%D0%BD%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%B7_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Түндүк Америка өлкөлөрүнүн жана көз каранды аймактарынын тизмеси">Түндүк Америка мамлекеттери</a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ccccff">Эгемендүү мамлекеттер</th><td style="width:100%"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B0_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Антигуа жана Барбуда">Антигуа жана Барбуда</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Багама аралдары">Багама аралдары</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Барбадос">Барбадос</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7" title="Белиз">Белиз</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Гаити">Гаити</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Гватемала">Гватемала</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Гондурас">Гондурас</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Гренада">Гренада</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Доминика">Доминика</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Доминикана Республикасы">Доминикана Республикасы</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Канада">Канада</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0-%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Коста-Рика">Коста-Рика</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Куба">Куба</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Мексика">Мексика</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B0" title="Никарагуа">Никарагуа</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Панама</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Сальвадор">Сальвадор</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сент-Люсия (мындай барак жок)">Сент-Люсия</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сент-Винсент жана Гренадиндер (мындай барак жок)">Сент-Винсент жана Гренадиндер</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%81_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сент-Китс жана Невис (мындай барак жок)">Сент-Китс жана Невис</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%BE_%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Америка Кошмо Штаттары">АКШ</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BE" title="Тринидад жана Тобаго">Тринидад жана Тобаго</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Жамайка (мындай барак жок)">Жамайка</a></td><td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:7px;width:0%;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Location_North_America.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Location_North_America.svg/150px-Location_North_America.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Location_North_America.svg/225px-Location_North_America.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Location_North_America.svg/300px-Location_North_America.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style="white-space:nowrap;background:#ccccff">Көз каранды аймактар</th><td style="width:100%"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_(%D0%90%D0%9A%D0%A8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Виржин аралдары (АКШ) (мындай барак жок)">Америка Виржин аралдары</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F" title="Ангилья">Ангилья</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0" title="Аруба">Аруба</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B5,_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%83%D1%81_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Бонайре, Синт-Эстатиус жана Саба (мындай барак жок)">Бонайре, Синт-Эстатиус жана Саба</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_(%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Виржин аралдары (Улуу Британия) (мындай барак жок)">Британия Виржин аралдары</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0" title="Гваделупа">Гваделупа</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гренландия">Гренландия</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Кайман аралдары">Кайман аралдары</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Клиппертон (мындай барак жок)">Клиппертон</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D1%8E%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Кюрасао (мындай барак жок)">Кюрасао</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Мартиника">Мартиника</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Монтсеррат">Монтсеррат</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Навасса (мындай барак жок)">Навасса</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BE-%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Пуэрто-Рико">Пуэрто-Рико</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сан-Андрес жана Провиденсия (мындай барак жок)">Сан-Андрес жана Провиденсия</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD-%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сен-Бартелеми (мындай барак жок)">Сен-Бартелеми</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сен-Мартен (мындай барак жок)">Сен-Мартен</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD-%D0%9F%D1%8C%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Сен-Пьер жана Микелон (мындай барак жок)">Сен-Пьер жана Микелон</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Синт-Мартен (мындай барак жок)">Синт-Мартен</a> • <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Теркс жана Кайкос аралдары">Теркс жана Кайкос аралдары</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%83%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA_%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Венесуэланын федералдык ээликтери (мындай барак жок)">Венесуэланын федералдык ээликтери</a></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" 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