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<span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AC" title="نخلة العاج – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نخلة العاج" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytelephas" title="Phytelephas – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Phytelephas" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slonovn%C3%ADk" title="Slonovník – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Slonovník" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steinnusspalmen" title="Steinnusspalmen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Steinnusspalmen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytelephas" title="Phytelephas – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Phytelephas" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytelephas" title="Phytelephas – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Phytelephas" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tagua" title="Tagua – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tagua" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamjentny_worjech" title="Kamjentny worjech – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Kamjentny worjech" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palma_slonova_kost" title="Palma slonova kost – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Palma slonova kost" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytelephas" title="Phytelephas – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Phytelephas" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ფიტელეფასი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფიტელეფასი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AC" title="نخلة العاج – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نخلة العاج" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%82oniak" title="Słoniak – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Słoniak" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytelephas" title="Phytelephas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Phytelephas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Фителефас – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Фителефас" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elfenbenspalmer" title="Elfenbenspalmer – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Elfenbenspalmer" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%A4%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%BF" title="దంతపు తాటి – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="దంతపు తాటి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytelephas" title="Phytelephas – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Phytelephas" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytelephas" title="Phytelephas – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Phytelephas" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Genus of palms</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Tagua" redirects here. For the animal, see <a href="/wiki/Chacoan_peccary" title="Chacoan peccary">Chacoan peccary</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><i>Phytelephas</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:TaguaPalm.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/TaguaPalm.JPG/220px-TaguaPalm.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/TaguaPalm.JPG/330px-TaguaPalm.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/TaguaPalm.JPG/440px-TaguaPalm.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Fruiting tagua palm (<i>Phytelephas aequatorialis</i>) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Phytelephas" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monocotyledon" title="Monocotyledon">Monocots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Commelinids" title="Commelinids">Commelinids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arecales" title="Arecales">Arecales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arecaceae" title="Arecaceae">Arecaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Subfamily: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ceroxyloideae" title="Ceroxyloideae">Ceroxyloideae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tribe: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Phytelepheae" title="Phytelepheae">Phytelepheae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Phytelephas</i></a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Hip%C3%B3lito_Ruiz_L%C3%B3pez" title="Hipólito Ruiz López">Ruiz</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Pav%C3%B3n_Jim%C3%A9nez" title="José Antonio Pavón Jiménez">Pav.</a></small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Species<sup id="cite_ref-TPL_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TPL-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_aequatorialis" title="Phytelephas aequatorialis">Phytelephas aequatorialis</a></i> <small><a href="/wiki/Richard_Spruce" title="Richard Spruce">Spruce</a></small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_macrocarpa" title="Phytelephas macrocarpa">Phytelephas macrocarpa</a></i> <small><a href="/wiki/Hip%C3%B3lito_Ruiz_L%C3%B3pez" title="Hipólito Ruiz López">Ruiz</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Pav%C3%B3n_Jim%C3%A9nez" title="José Antonio Pavón Jiménez">Pav.</a></small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_olsonii" title="Phytelephas olsonii">Phytelephas olsonii</a></i> <small><a href="/wiki/Roland_W._Brown" title="Roland W. Brown">R.W. Brown</a></small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_schottii" title="Phytelephas schottii">Phytelephas schottii</a></i> <small><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Wendland" title="Hermann Wendland">H.Wendl.</a></small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_seemannii" title="Phytelephas seemannii">Phytelephas seemannii</a></i> <small><a href="/wiki/Orator_F._Cook" title="Orator F. Cook">O.F.Cook</a></small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_tenuicaulis" title="Phytelephas tenuicaulis">Phytelephas tenuicaulis</a></i> <small>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anders_S%C3%A1nchez_Barfod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anders Sánchez Barfod (page does not exist)">Barfod</a>) <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Henderson_(botanist)" title="Andrew Henderson (botanist)">A.J.Hend.</a></small></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_tumacana" title="Phytelephas tumacana">Phytelephas tumacana</a></i> <small><a href="/wiki/Orator_F._Cook" title="Orator F. Cook">O.F.Cook</a></small></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a><sup id="cite_ref-KewWCL_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KewWCL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><i>Elephantusia</i> <small><a href="/wiki/Carl_Ludwig_Willdenow" title="Carl Ludwig Willdenow">Willd.</a></small></li> <li><i>Palandra</i> <small><a href="/wiki/Orator_F._Cook" title="Orator F. Cook">O.F.Cook</a></small></li> <li><i>Yarina</i> <small><a href="/wiki/Orator_F._Cook" title="Orator F. Cook">O.F.Cook</a></small></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><i><b>Phytelephas</b></i> is a <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a> containing six known <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a> of <a href="/wiki/Dioecious" class="mw-redirect" title="Dioecious">dioecious</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Arecaceae" title="Arecaceae">palms</a> (<a href="/wiki/Family_(biology)" title="Family (biology)">family</a> Arecaceae), occurring from southern <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Andes" title="Andes">Andes</a> to <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a>, northwestern <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-KewWCL_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KewWCL-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are commonly known as <b>ivory palms</b>, <b>ivory-nut palms</b> or <b>tagua palms</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="'w' in 'wind'">w</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span></span>-/</a></span></span>); the <a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">scientific name</a> <i>Phytelephas</i> means "plant <a href="/wiki/Ivory" title="Ivory">ivory</a>" or more literally, "plant elephant". This and the first two of the common names refer to the very hard white <a href="/wiki/Endosperm" title="Endosperm">endosperm</a> of their seeds (<b>tagua nuts</b> or <b>jarina seeds</b>), which resembles <a href="/wiki/Ivory" title="Ivory">elephant ivory</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-piano_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-piano-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phytelephas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>They are medium-sized to tall palms reaching up to 20 m tall, with pinnate <a href="/wiki/Leaf" title="Leaf">leaves</a>. The "nut" is covered with <a href="/wiki/Fruit_anatomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruit anatomy">pericarp</a>, which gets removed by animals. The kernel is covered with a brown, flaky skin and shaped like a small <a href="/wiki/Avocado" title="Avocado">avocado</a>, roughly 4–8 cm in diameter. The male plants produce catkins up to three feet (0.9 meter) in length of male flowers, each bearing up to one thousand <a href="/wiki/Stamens" class="mw-redirect" title="Stamens">stamens</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the greatest number of any <a href="/wiki/Monocot" class="mw-redirect" title="Monocot">Monocot</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phytelephas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Given trade restrictions in <a href="/wiki/Elephant" title="Elephant">elephant</a> ivory as well as <a href="/wiki/Animal_welfare" title="Animal welfare">animal welfare</a> concerns, ivory palm <a href="/wiki/Endosperm" title="Endosperm">endosperm</a> is often used as a substitute for elephant ivory today, and traded under the names <i><a href="/wiki/Vegetable_ivory" title="Vegetable ivory">vegetable ivory</a></i>, <i>palm ivory</i>, <i>marfil-vegetal</i>, <i>corozo</i>, <i>tagua</i>, or <i>jarina</i>. When dried out, it can be carved just like elephant ivory; it is often used for <a href="/wiki/Bead" title="Bead">beads</a>, <a href="/wiki/Button_(clothing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Button (clothing)">buttons</a>, figurines and <a href="/wiki/Jewellery" title="Jewellery">jewelry</a>, and can be dyed. More recently, palm ivory has been used in the production of <a href="/wiki/Bagpipes" title="Bagpipes">bagpipes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-piano_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-piano-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vegetable ivory stimulates local economies in South America, provides an alternative to cutting down <a href="/wiki/Rainforest" title="Rainforest">rainforests</a> for farming, and prevents elephants from being killed for the ivory in their tusks.<sup id="cite_ref-piano_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-piano-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a>, the Ecuadorean ivory palm (<i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_aequatorialis" title="Phytelephas aequatorialis">P. aequatorialis</a></i>) is the <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a> whose kernels are widely harvested. The large-fruited ivory palm (<i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_macrocarpa" title="Phytelephas macrocarpa">P. macrocarpa</a></i>) is the ivory palm native to Brazil, and most internationally traded palm ivory is derived from this species. The Colombian ivory palm (<i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_schottii" title="Phytelephas schottii">P. schottii</a></i>) and <i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_tenuicaulis" title="Phytelephas tenuicaulis">P. tenuicaulis</a></i>, both formerly included in <i>P. macrocarpa</i>, are the usual source of the product in <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a>. The other two species are quite rare and have a restricted range; they are not used for <i>tagua</i> production on a significant scale.<sup id="cite_ref-piano_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-piano-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The kernels are picked up from the ground after the ripe fruit has detached from the tree and forest animals have taken care of the <a href="/wiki/Fruit_anatomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruit anatomy">pericarp</a>, or harvested when ripe and the pericarp manually removed. As the nut shrinks when it hardens, a small hollow cavity can form in the center. It is often not possible to know whether the inside of the nut will have a small cavity in the center until it is cut into. Therefore, when carving, it is common to either incorporate the hole or cavity into carvings or not carve deep enough to reach a potential cavity.<sup id="cite_ref-piano_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-piano-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In their native range, these palms are also used as a source of food and construction wood. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div><div class="noresize thumb tright" style=";"> <div class="thumbinner" style="overflow:hidden;width:202px;"> <div class="thumbimage" style="height:132px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; background-color:white;"> <div style=";left:-45px; top:-15px; width:250px; position:absolute;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tagua_-_Bio_Foodle_exhibition_in_Charleroi_-_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tagua nuts before carving Anticlockwise from right: # With pericarp # With brown skin # Without brown skin, partially sectioned to show hollow # Without brown skin, whole"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Tagua_-_Bio_Foodle_exhibition_in_Charleroi_-_3.jpg/250px-Tagua_-_Bio_Foodle_exhibition_in_Charleroi_-_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Tagua_-_Bio_Foodle_exhibition_in_Charleroi_-_3.jpg/375px-Tagua_-_Bio_Foodle_exhibition_in_Charleroi_-_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Tagua_-_Bio_Foodle_exhibition_in_Charleroi_-_3.jpg/500px-Tagua_-_Bio_Foodle_exhibition_in_Charleroi_-_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div style="text-align:left; background-color:transparent; line-height:110%;"> <p>{{{annotations}}} </p> </div> <div style="visibility:hidden"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Tagua_-_Bio_Foodle_exhibition_in_Charleroi_-_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Tagua_-_Bio_Foodle_exhibition_in_Charleroi_-_3.jpg/250px-Tagua_-_Bio_Foodle_exhibition_in_Charleroi_-_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Tagua_-_Bio_Foodle_exhibition_in_Charleroi_-_3.jpg/375px-Tagua_-_Bio_Foodle_exhibition_in_Charleroi_-_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Tagua_-_Bio_Foodle_exhibition_in_Charleroi_-_3.jpg/500px-Tagua_-_Bio_Foodle_exhibition_in_Charleroi_-_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Tagua_-_Bio_Foodle_exhibition_in_Charleroi_-_3.jpg" title="File:Tagua - Bio Foodle exhibition in Charleroi - 3.jpg"> </a></div>Tagua nuts before carving<br />Anticlockwise from right: <ol><li>With pericarp</li> <li>With brown skin</li> <li>Without brown skin, partially sectioned to show hollow</li> <li>Without brown skin, whole</li></ol></div> </div></div> </div></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 225.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 223.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Taguacarving.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Tagua carvings"><img alt="Tagua carvings" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Taguacarving.JPG/335px-Taguacarving.JPG" decoding="async" width="224" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Taguacarving.JPG/503px-Taguacarving.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Taguacarving.JPG/670px-Taguacarving.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3311" data-file-height="2371" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Tagua</i> carvings</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 118.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 116.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lombards_Museum_1000.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ecuadorian handicraft"><img alt="Ecuadorian handicraft" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Lombards_Museum_1000.jpg/175px-Lombards_Museum_1000.jpg" decoding="async" width="117" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Lombards_Museum_1000.jpg/262px-Lombards_Museum_1000.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Lombards_Museum_1000.jpg/350px-Lombards_Museum_1000.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1969" data-file-height="2701" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuadorian</a> handicraft</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Silver_locket_with_tagua_nut_center_by_Meryl_CA.jpeg" class="mw-file-description" title="Silver locket with tagua center"><img alt="Silver locket with tagua center" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Silver_locket_with_tagua_nut_center_by_Meryl_CA.jpeg/360px-Silver_locket_with_tagua_nut_center_by_Meryl_CA.jpeg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Silver_locket_with_tagua_nut_center_by_Meryl_CA.jpeg/540px-Silver_locket_with_tagua_nut_center_by_Meryl_CA.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Silver_locket_with_tagua_nut_center_by_Meryl_CA.jpeg/720px-Silver_locket_with_tagua_nut_center_by_Meryl_CA.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Silver <a href="/wiki/Locket" title="Locket">locket</a> with <i>tagua</i> center</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_species">List of species</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phytelephas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: List of species"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following species are recognized:<sup id="cite_ref-TPL_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TPL-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Image</th> <th>Scientific name</th> <th>Common Name</th> <th>Distribution </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phytelephas_aequatorialis_47047807.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Phytelephas_aequatorialis_47047807.jpg/120px-Phytelephas_aequatorialis_47047807.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Phytelephas_aequatorialis_47047807.jpg/180px-Phytelephas_aequatorialis_47047807.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Phytelephas_aequatorialis_47047807.jpg/240px-Phytelephas_aequatorialis_47047807.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_aequatorialis" title="Phytelephas aequatorialis">Phytelephas aequatorialis</a></i> <small><a href="/wiki/Richard_Spruce" title="Richard Spruce">Spruce</a></small></td> <td>Ecuadorean ivory palm</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phytelephas_macrocarpa_(19789929375).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Phytelephas_macrocarpa_%2819789929375%29.jpg/120px-Phytelephas_macrocarpa_%2819789929375%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Phytelephas_macrocarpa_%2819789929375%29.jpg/180px-Phytelephas_macrocarpa_%2819789929375%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Phytelephas_macrocarpa_%2819789929375%29.jpg/240px-Phytelephas_macrocarpa_%2819789929375%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="905" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_macrocarpa" title="Phytelephas macrocarpa">Phytelephas macrocarpa</a></i> <small><a href="/wiki/Hip%C3%B3lito_Ruiz_L%C3%B3pez" title="Hipólito Ruiz López">Ruiz</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Pav%C3%B3n_Jim%C3%A9nez" title="José Antonio Pavón Jiménez">Pav.</a></small></td> <td>Large-fruited ivory palm</td> <td>northwestern <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_olsonii" title="Phytelephas olsonii">Phytelephas olsonii</a></i> <small><a href="/wiki/Roland_W._Brown" title="Roland W. Brown">R.W. Brown</a></small></td> <td></td> <td>Ecuador </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_schottii" title="Phytelephas schottii">Phytelephas schottii</a></i> <small><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Wendland" title="Hermann Wendland">H.Wendl.</a></small></td> <td>Colombian ivory palm</td> <td>Colombia </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phytelephas_seemannii-jardin_botanique-IMG_2708-gradient.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Phytelephas_seemannii-jardin_botanique-IMG_2708-gradient.jpg/120px-Phytelephas_seemannii-jardin_botanique-IMG_2708-gradient.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Phytelephas_seemannii-jardin_botanique-IMG_2708-gradient.jpg/180px-Phytelephas_seemannii-jardin_botanique-IMG_2708-gradient.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Phytelephas_seemannii-jardin_botanique-IMG_2708-gradient.jpg/240px-Phytelephas_seemannii-jardin_botanique-IMG_2708-gradient.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_seemannii" title="Phytelephas seemannii">Phytelephas seemannii</a></i> <small><a href="/wiki/Orator_F._Cook" title="Orator F. Cook">O.F.Cook</a></small></td> <td></td> <td>Colombia, <a href="/wiki/Panama" title="Panama">Panama</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phytelephas_tenuicaulis_(19601921838).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Phytelephas_tenuicaulis_%2819601921838%29.jpg/120px-Phytelephas_tenuicaulis_%2819601921838%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Phytelephas_tenuicaulis_%2819601921838%29.jpg/180px-Phytelephas_tenuicaulis_%2819601921838%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Phytelephas_tenuicaulis_%2819601921838%29.jpg/240px-Phytelephas_tenuicaulis_%2819601921838%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="632" /></a></span></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_tenuicaulis" title="Phytelephas tenuicaulis">Phytelephas tenuicaulis</a></i> <small>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Anders_S%C3%A1nchez_Barfod&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anders Sánchez Barfod (page does not exist)">Barfod</a>) <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Henderson_(botanist)" title="Andrew Henderson (botanist)">A.J.Hend.</a></small></td> <td></td> <td>Colombia, Ecuador, Peru </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Phytelephas_tumacana" title="Phytelephas tumacana">Phytelephas tumacana</a></i> <small><a href="/wiki/Orator_F._Cook" title="Orator F. Cook">O.F.Cook</a></small></td> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nari%C3%B1o_Department" title="Nariño Department">Nariño Department</a> of Colombia </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phytelephas&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-TPL-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TPL_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TPL_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Plant List (2013). Version 1.1. Published on the Internet; <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Phytelephas">http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Phytelephas</a> (accessed 11 September 2017).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KewWCL-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-KewWCL_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-KewWCL_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/namedetail.do?name_id=155960">"World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew"</a>. <i>kew.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kew.org&rft.atitle=World+Checklist+of+Selected+Plant+Families%3A+Royal+Botanic+Gardens%2C+Kew&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fapps.kew.org%2Fwcsp%2Fnamedetail.do%3Fname_id%3D155960&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhytelephas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPülschen2000" class="citation journal cs1">Pülschen, L. (2000). "Biology and Use of Vegetable Ivory Palms (Phytelephas SPP.)". <i>Acta Horticulturae</i> (531): 219–222. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17660%2FActaHortic.2000.531.35">10.17660/ActaHortic.2000.531.35</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acta+Horticulturae&rft.atitle=Biology+and+Use+of+Vegetable+Ivory+Palms+%28Phytelephas+SPP.%29&rft.issue=531&rft.pages=219-222&rft.date=2000&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17660%2FActaHortic.2000.531.35&rft.aulast=P%C3%BClschen&rft.aufirst=L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhytelephas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Govaerts, R. & Dransfield, J. (2005). World Checklist of Palms: 1-223. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-piano-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-piano_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-piano_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-piano_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-piano_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-piano_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.palomar.edu/users/warmstrong/pljan99.htm">Vegetable ivory: saving elephants and the rain forest</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBolongaro2017" class="citation news cs1">Bolongaro, Kait (2017-03-23). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-39333386">"How an obscure seed is helping to save the elephant"</a>. <i>BBC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-03-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=How+an+obscure+seed+is+helping+to+save+the+elephant&rft.date=2017-03-23&rft.aulast=Bolongaro&rft.aufirst=Kait&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fbusiness-39333386&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhytelephas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCorner1966" class="citation book cs1">Corner, Prof. E.J.H. (1966). <i>The Natural History of Palms</i>. Berkeley, Calif.: Univ. of Calif. Press. p. 147.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Natural+History+of+Palms&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+Calif.&rft.pages=147&rft.pub=Univ.+of+Calif.+Press&rft.date=1966&rft.aulast=Corner&rft.aufirst=Prof.+E.J.H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APhytelephas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phytelephas&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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title="Pigafetta">Pigafetta</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Plectocomia" title="Plectocomia">Plectocomia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Myrialepis" title="Myrialepis">Myrialepis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Plectocomiopsis" title="Plectocomiopsis">Plectocomiopsis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Calamus_(palm)" title="Calamus (palm)">Calamus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1859-Martinique.web.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/1859-Martinique.web.jpg/100px-1859-Martinique.web.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/1859-Martinique.web.jpg/150px-1859-Martinique.web.jpg 1.5x, 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title="Sabaleae">Sabaleae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sabal" title="Sabal">Sabal</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cryosophileae" title="Cryosophileae">Cryosophileae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Schippia" title="Schippia">Schippia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trithrinax" title="Trithrinax">Trithrinax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zombia" title="Zombia">Zombia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coccothrinax" title="Coccothrinax">Coccothrinax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hemithrinax" title="Hemithrinax">Hemithrinax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leucothrinax" title="Leucothrinax">Leucothrinax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thrinax" title="Thrinax">Thrinax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chelyocarpus" title="Chelyocarpus">Chelyocarpus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cryosophila" title="Cryosophila">Cryosophila</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Itaya" title="Itaya">Itaya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sabinaria" title="Sabinaria">Sabinaria</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Phoeniceae" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoeniceae">Phoeniceae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(plant)" title="Phoenix (plant)">Phoenix</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trachycarpeae" title="Trachycarpeae">Trachycarpeae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chamaerops" title="Chamaerops">Chamaerops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Guihaia" title="Guihaia">Guihaia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trachycarpus" title="Trachycarpus">Trachycarpus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhapidophyllum" title="Rhapidophyllum">Rhapidophyllum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maxburretia" title="Maxburretia">Maxburretia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhapis" title="Rhapis">Rhapis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Livistona" title="Livistona">Livistona</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Licuala" title="Licuala">Licuala</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Johannesteijsmannia" title="Johannesteijsmannia">Johannesteijsmannia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pholidocarpus" title="Pholidocarpus">Pholidocarpus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saribus" title="Saribus">Saribus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lanonia" title="Lanonia">Lanonia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Acoelorraphe" title="Acoelorraphe">Acoelorraphe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Serenoa" title="Serenoa">Serenoa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brahea" title="Brahea">Brahea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Colpothrinax" title="Colpothrinax">Colpothrinax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Copernicia" title="Copernicia">Copernicia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pritchardia" title="Pritchardia">Pritchardia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Washingtonia" title="Washingtonia">Washingtonia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chuniophoeniceae" title="Chuniophoeniceae">Chuniophoeniceae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Chuniophoenix" title="Chuniophoenix">Chuniophoenix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kerriodoxa" title="Kerriodoxa">Kerriodoxa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nannorrhops" title="Nannorrhops">Nannorrhops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tahina_spectabilis" title="Tahina spectabilis">Tahina</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Caryoteae" title="Caryoteae">Caryoteae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Caryota" title="Caryota">Caryota</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arenga" title="Arenga">Arenga</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Corypheae" title="Corypheae">Corypheae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Corypha" title="Corypha">Corypha</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Borasseae" title="Borasseae">Borasseae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Bismarckia" title="Bismarckia">Bismarckia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Satranala" title="Satranala">Satranala</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hyphaene" title="Hyphaene">Hyphaene</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Medemia" title="Medemia">Medemia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Latania" title="Latania">Latania</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lodoicea" title="Lodoicea">Lodoicea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Borassodendron" title="Borassodendron">Borassodendron</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Borassus" title="Borassus">Borassus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ceroxyloideae" title="Ceroxyloideae">Ceroxyloideae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudophoenix" title="Pseudophoenix">Pseudophoenix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ceroxylon" title="Ceroxylon">Ceroxylon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Juania" title="Juania">Juania</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oraniopsis" title="Oraniopsis">Oraniopsis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ravenea" title="Ravenea">Ravenea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ammandra" title="Ammandra">Ammandra</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aphandra" title="Aphandra">Aphandra</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Phytelephas</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arecoideae" class="mw-redirect" title="Arecoideae">Arecoideae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Podococcus" title="Podococcus">Podococcus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orania_(plant)" title="Orania (plant)">Orania</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sclerosperma" title="Sclerosperma">Sclerosperma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roystonea" title="Roystonea">Roystonea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reinhardtia" title="Reinhardtia">Reinhardtia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manicaria" title="Manicaria">Manicaria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hyospathe" title="Hyospathe">Hyospathe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leopoldinia" title="Leopoldinia">Leopoldinia</a></i></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iriarteeae" title="Iriarteeae">Iriarteeae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Iriartella" title="Iriartella">Iriartella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dictyocaryum" title="Dictyocaryum">Dictyocaryum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iriartea" title="Iriartea">Iriartea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Socratea" title="Socratea">Socratea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wettinia" title="Wettinia">Wettinia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chamaedoreeae" title="Chamaedoreeae">Chamaedoreeae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hyophorbe" title="Hyophorbe">Hyophorbe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wendlandiella" title="Wendlandiella">Wendlandiella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Synechanthus" title="Synechanthus">Synechanthus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chamaedorea" title="Chamaedorea">Chamaedorea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gaussia_(plant)" title="Gaussia (plant)">Gaussia</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cocoseae" title="Cocoseae">Cocoseae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Beccariophoenix" title="Beccariophoenix">Beccariophoenix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jubaeopsis" title="Jubaeopsis">Jubaeopsis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Voanioala" title="Voanioala">Voanioala</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Allagoptera" title="Allagoptera">Allagoptera</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Attalea_(plant)" title="Attalea (plant)">Attalea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Butia" title="Butia">Butia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coconut" title="Coconut">Cocos</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jubaea" title="Jubaea">Jubaea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Syagrus_(plant)" title="Syagrus (plant)">Syagrus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Parajubaea" title="Parajubaea">Parajubaea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Acrocomia" title="Acrocomia">Acrocomia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Astrocaryum" title="Astrocaryum">Astrocaryum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aiphanes" title="Aiphanes">Aiphanes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bactris" title="Bactris">Bactris</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Desmoncus" title="Desmoncus">Desmoncus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Barcella" title="Barcella">Barcella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elaeis" title="Elaeis">Elaeis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Euterpeae" title="Euterpeae">Euterpeae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Euterpe_(plant)" title="Euterpe (plant)">Euterpe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prestoea" title="Prestoea">Prestoea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neonicholsonia" title="Neonicholsonia">Neonicholsonia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oenocarpus" title="Oenocarpus">Oenocarpus</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geonomateae" title="Geonomateae">Geonomateae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Welfia" title="Welfia">Welfia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pholidostachys" title="Pholidostachys">Pholidostachys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Calyptrogyne" title="Calyptrogyne">Calyptrogyne</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Calyptronoma" title="Calyptronoma">Calyptronoma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Asterogyne" title="Asterogyne">Asterogyne</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Geonoma" title="Geonoma">Geonoma</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pelagodoxeae" title="Pelagodoxeae">Pelagodoxeae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pelagodoxa" title="Pelagodoxa">Pelagodoxa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sommieria" title="Sommieria">Sommieria</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Areceae" title="Areceae">Areceae</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Actinorhytis" title="Actinorhytis">Actinorhytis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Archontophoenix" title="Archontophoenix">Archontophoenix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Actinokentia" class="mw-redirect" title="Actinokentia">Actinokentia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chambeyronia" title="Chambeyronia">Chambeyronia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kentiopsis" title="Kentiopsis">Kentiopsis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Areca" title="Areca">Areca</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nenga" title="Nenga">Nenga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pinanga" title="Pinanga">Pinanga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Basselinia" title="Basselinia">Basselinia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Burretiokentia" title="Burretiokentia">Burretiokentia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cyphophoenix" title="Cyphophoenix">Cyphophoenix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cyphosperma" title="Cyphosperma">Cyphosperma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lepidorrhachis" title="Lepidorrhachis">Lepidorrhachis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Physokentia" title="Physokentia">Physokentia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carpoxylon" title="Carpoxylon">Carpoxylon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Satakentia" title="Satakentia">Satakentia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neoveitchia" title="Neoveitchia">Neoveitchia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cyphokentia" title="Cyphokentia">Cyphokentia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Clinosperma" title="Clinosperma">Clinosperma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dypsis" title="Dypsis">Dypsis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lemurophoenix" title="Lemurophoenix">Lemurophoenix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Marojejya" title="Marojejya">Marojejya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Masoala" title="Masoala">Masoala</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Calyptrocalyx" title="Calyptrocalyx">Calyptrocalyx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Linospadix" title="Linospadix">Linospadix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Howea" title="Howea">Howea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Laccospadix" title="Laccospadix">Laccospadix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oncosperma" title="Oncosperma">Oncosperma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deckenia_(plant)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deckenia (plant)">Deckenia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Acanthophoenix" title="Acanthophoenix">Acanthophoenix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tectiphiala" title="Tectiphiala">Tectiphiala</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ptychosperma" title="Ptychosperma">Ptychosperma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ponapea" title="Ponapea">Ponapea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Adonidia" title="Adonidia">Adonidia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Balaka_(plant)" title="Balaka (plant)">Balaka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Veitchia" title="Veitchia">Veitchia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carpentaria" title="Carpentaria">Carpentaria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wodyetia" title="Wodyetia">Wodyetia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Drymophloeus" title="Drymophloeus">Drymophloeus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Normanbya" title="Normanbya">Normanbya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brassiophoenix" title="Brassiophoenix">Brassiophoenix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ptychococcus" title="Ptychococcus">Ptychococcus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jailoloa" title="Jailoloa">Jailoloa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manjekia" title="Manjekia">Manjekia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wallaceodoxa" title="Wallaceodoxa">Wallaceodoxa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhopalostylis" title="Rhopalostylis">Rhopalostylis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hedyscepe" title="Hedyscepe">Hedyscepe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nephrosperma" title="Nephrosperma">Nephrosperma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Phoenicophorium" title="Phoenicophorium">Phoenicophorium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roscheria" title="Roscheria">Roscheria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Verschaffeltia" title="Verschaffeltia">Verschaffeltia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bentinckia" title="Bentinckia">Bentinckia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Clinostigma" title="Clinostigma">Clinostigma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cyrtostachys" title="Cyrtostachys">Cyrtostachys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dictyosperma" title="Dictyosperma">Dictyosperma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dransfieldia" title="Dransfieldia">Dransfieldia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heterospathe" title="Heterospathe">Heterospathe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hydriastele" title="Hydriastele">Hydriastele</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iguanura" title="Iguanura">Iguanura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Loxococcus" title="Loxococcus">Loxococcus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhopaloblaste" title="Rhopaloblaste">Rhopaloblaste</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Phytelephas</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161190" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q161190">Q161190</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Phytelephas" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Phytelephas">Phytelephas</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=412153">412153</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/8W2F4">8W2F4</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/35128">35128</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1PJPG">1PJPG</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2736285">2736285</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomygenus.aspx?id=9359">9359</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/180118">180118</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/31434-1">31434-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1362569">1362569</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=500817">500817</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=115505">115505</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=287657">287657</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">PLANTS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/PHYTE">PHYTE</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A31434-1">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:31434-1</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/40008341">40008341</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-4000029579">wfo-4000029579</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161190#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007546010005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phytelephas&oldid=1252571079">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phytelephas&oldid=1252571079</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a 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