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Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA" title="نباتات العالم على الإنترنت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نباتات العالم على الإنترنت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Plants of the World Online" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Plants of the World Online" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Plants of the World Online" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Plants of the World Online" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Plants of the World Online" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%8C%EB%9E%9C%EC%B8%A0_%EC%98%A4%EB%B8%8C_%EB%8D%94_%EC%9B%94%EB%93%9C_%EC%98%A8%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B8" title="플랜츠 오브 더 월드 온라인 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="플랜츠 오브 더 월드 온라인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Plants of the World Online" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Plants of the World Online" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_vil%C3%A1g_n%C3%B6v%C3%A9nyei" title="A világ növényei – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="A világ növényei" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%A6_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B5%BE%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%93%E0%B5%BA%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%88%E0%B5%BB" title="പ്ലാന്റ്സ് ഓഫ് ദ വേൾഡ് ഓൺ‌ലൈൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പ്ലാന്റ്സ് ഓഫ് ദ വേൾഡ് ഓൺ‌ലൈൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Plants of the World Online" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Plants of the World Online" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Plants of the World Online" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Plants of the World Online" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Plants of the World Online" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88" title="உலகத் தாவரங்கள் இணைநிலை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உலகத் தாவரங்கள் இணைநிலை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Plants of the World Online" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Plants of the World Online" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%9C%A8%E7%BA%BF" title="世界植物在线 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="世界植物在线" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q47542613#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div 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href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_and_using_independent_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Identifying and using independent sources">reliable, independent, third-party sources</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Plants of the World Online</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/">Plants of the World Online</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commercial</th><td class="infobox-data">No</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th><td class="infobox-data">March 2017<span class="noprint">; 7 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2017-03</span>)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Plants of the World Online</b> (<b>POWO</b>) is an <a href="/wiki/Online_database" title="Online database">online database</a> published by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a>. It was launched in March 2017 with the ultimate aim being "to enable users to access information on all the world's known <a href="/wiki/Spermatophyte" class="mw-redirect" title="Spermatophyte">seed-bearing plants</a> by 2020".<sup id="cite_ref-aim_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aim-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was Kew's answer to the "2020 target 1" of the <a href="/wiki/Convention_on_Biological_Diversity" title="Convention on Biological Diversity">Convention on Biological Diversity</a> (CBD): "an online flora for all known plants."<sup id="cite_ref-GovaertsCBD_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GovaertsCBD-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The initial focus was on tropical African Floras, particularly Flora Zambesiaca, Flora of West Tropical Africa and Flora of Tropical East Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-POWO_about_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-POWO_about-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The database uses the same taxonomical source as Kew's <a href="/wiki/World_Checklist_of_Selected_Plant_Families" title="World Checklist of Selected Plant Families">World Checklist of Selected Plant Families</a>, which is the <a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">International Plant Names Index</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-POWO_about_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-POWO_about-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the World Checklist of Vascular Plants (WCVP).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The database contains information of the world's flora that was gathered in the past 250 years of botanical research. It aims to make data available from projects that no longer have an online presence or were never externally available. POWO has information on taxonomy, identification, distribution, traits, threat status and use of plants worldwide. It also contains many images.<sup id="cite_ref-Gothenburg_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gothenburg-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of September 2024<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plants_of_the_World_Online&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, POWO contained 1,433,000 global plant names, 531,800 detailed descriptions, and 400,900 images.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plants_of_the_World_Online&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/">Plants of the World Online</a> home page.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plants_of_the_World_Online&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">Australian Plant Name Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_on_Biological_Diversity" title="Convention on Biological Diversity">Convention on Biological Diversity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EMonocot" title="EMonocot">eMonocot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">International Plant Names Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">World Flora Online</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plants_of_the_World_Online&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="4" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/6px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460" /></span></span> <b><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P5037" class="extiw" title="d:Property talk:P5037">Plants of the World Online ID (P5037)</a></i></b> (see <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" 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.cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180128165317/https://powo.science.kew.org/about">"About the Plants of the World Online portal"</a>. <i>Plants of the World Online</i>. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/about">the original</a> on 2018-01-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Plants+of+the+World+Online&rft.atitle=About+the+Plants+of+the+World+Online+portal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpowo.science.kew.org%2Fabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlants+of+the+World+Online" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GovaertsCBD-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GovaertsCBD_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGovaerts2018" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rafa%C3%ABl_Govaerts" title="Rafaël Govaerts">Govaerts, Rafaël H.A.</a> (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://skvortsovia.uran.ru/2018/4301.pdf">"101 Nomenclatural Corrections in Preparation for the Plants of the World Online (POWO)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Skvortsovia</i>. <b>4</b> (3): 74–99. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2309-6497">2309-6497</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Skvortsovia&rft.atitle=101+Nomenclatural+Corrections+in+Preparation+for+the+Plants+of+the+World+Online+%28POWO%29&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=74-99&rft.date=2018&rft.issn=2309-6497&rft.aulast=Govaerts&rft.aufirst=Rafa%C3%ABl+H.A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fskvortsovia.uran.ru%2F2018%2F4301.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlants+of+the+World+Online" class="Z3988"></span> (Govaerts wrongly speaks of "Convention for Botanical Diversity (CBD)).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-POWO_about-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-POWO_about_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-POWO_about_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/about">"About the Plants of the World Online portal"</a>, <i>Plants of the World Online</i>, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-26</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plants+of+the+World+Online&rft.atitle=About+the+Plants+of+the+World+Online+portal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpowo.science.kew.org%2Fabout&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlants+of+the+World+Online" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolzSegarValdezStaude2022" class="citation journal cs1">Holz, Hanna; Segar, Josiane; Valdez, Jose; Staude, Ingmar R. (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fppp3.10251">"Assessing extinction risk across the geographic ranges of plant species in Europe"</a>. <i>Plants, People, Planet</i>. <b>4</b> (3): 303–311. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fppp3.10251">10.1002/ppp3.10251</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:246787127">246787127</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Plants%2C+People%2C+Planet&rft.atitle=Assessing+extinction+risk+across+the+geographic+ranges+of+plant+species+in+Europe&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=303-311&rft.date=2022&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fppp3.10251&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A246787127%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Holz&rft.aufirst=Hanna&rft.au=Segar%2C+Josiane&rft.au=Valdez%2C+Jose&rft.au=Staude%2C+Ingmar+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1002%252Fppp3.10251&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlants+of+the+World+Online" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gothenburg-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gothenburg_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://databaser.ub.gu.se/powo-plants-of-the-world-online/188846">"POWO Plants of the World Online"</a>. <i>Gothenburg University Library</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240904101710/https://databaser.ub.gu.se/powo-plants-of-the-world-online/188846">Archived</a> from the original on 2024-09-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gothenburg+University+Library&rft.atitle=POWO+Plants+of+the+World+Online&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatabaser.ub.gu.se%2Fpowo-plants-of-the-world-online%2F188846&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlants+of+the+World+Online" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/">"Plants of the World Online | Kew Science"</a>. <i>Plants of the World Online</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Plants+of+the+World+Online&rft.atitle=Plants+of+the+World+Online+%7C+Kew+Science&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpowo.science.kew.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlants+of+the+World+Online" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kew_Herbarium" title="Kew Herbarium">Kew Herbarium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kew_Palace" title="Kew Palace">Kew Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temperate_House,_Kew_Gardens" title="Temperate House, Kew Gardens">Temperate House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_House,_Kew_Gardens" title="Palm House, Kew Gardens">Palm House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Pagoda,_Kew_Gardens" title="Great Pagoda, Kew Gardens">Great Pagoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Charlotte%27s_Cottage" title="Queen Charlotte's Cottage">Queen Charlotte's Cottage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Directors_of_the_Royal_Botanic_Gardens,_Kew" title="Directors of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew">Directors of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Botany</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Index_Kewensis" title="Index Kewensis">Index Kewensis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">International Plant Names Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Plant_List" title="The Plant List">The Plant List</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Plants of the World Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Checklist_of_Selected_Plant_Families" title="World Checklist of Selected Plant Families">World Checklist of Selected Plant Families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GrassBase" title="GrassBase">GrassBase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">World Flora Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Index_Fungorum" title="Index Fungorum">Index Fungorum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Plant_Hunt" title="The Great Plant Hunt">The Great Plant Hunt</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kew_Bulletin" title="Kew Bulletin">Kew Bulletin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kew_Constabulary" title="Kew Constabulary">Kew Constabulary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kew_Gardens_(short_story)" title="Kew Gardens (short story)">Kew Gardens (short story)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kew_Rule" title="Kew Rule">Kew Rule</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Plants_3D" title="Kingdom of Plants 3D">Kingdom of Plants 3D</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Seed_Bank_Partnership" title="Millennium Seed Bank Partnership">Millennium Seed Bank Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Native_Seed_Hub" title="UK Native Seed Hub">UK Native Seed Hub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Queen%27s_Beasts" title="The Queen's Beasts">The Queen's Beasts</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Curtis%27s_Botanical_Magazine" title="Curtis's Botanical Magazine">Curtis's Botanical Magazine</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1012311289">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emoji_u1f33f.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Stub icon" 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