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<span>Evolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Evolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Description" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Description</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Description-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Description subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Description-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Polish_swan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polish_swan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Polish swan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polish_swan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Behaviour" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Behaviour"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Behaviour</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Behaviour-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Breeding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Breeding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Breeding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Breeding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distribution_and_habitat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distribution_and_habitat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Distribution and habitat</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Distribution_and_habitat-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Distribution and habitat subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Distribution_and_habitat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-World_population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>World population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Native_populations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Native_populations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Native populations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Native_populations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Introduced_populations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Introduced_populations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.2</span> <span>Introduced populations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Introduced_populations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-North_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.2.1</span> <span>North America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oceania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oceania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.2.2</span> <span>Oceania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oceania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mute swan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 91 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-91" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">91 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8C%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Хьэдэкъаз – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Хьэдэкъаз" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Witswaan" title="Witswaan – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Witswaan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6ckerschwan" title="Höckerschwan – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Höckerschwan" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%85_%D8%A3%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="تم أخرس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تم أخرس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygnus_olor" title="Cygnus olor – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cygnus olor" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygnus_olor" title="Cygnus olor – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cygnus olor" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C4%B1s%C4%B1ldayan_qu" title="Fısıldayan qu – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fısıldayan qu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AB%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D2%A1_%D0%B0%D2%A1%D2%A1%D0%BE%D1%88_(%D0%B1%D3%A9%D2%99%D1%80%D3%99_%D0%B0%D2%A1%D2%A1%D0%BE%D1%88)" title="Ышылдаҡ аҡҡош (бөҙрә аҡҡош) – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ышылдаҡ аҡҡош (бөҙрә аҡҡош)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%8C-%D1%88%D1%8B%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Лебедзь-шыпун – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Лебедзь-шыпун" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="म्यूट स्वान – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="म्यूट स्वान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Ням лебед – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ням лебед" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alarc%27h_roueel" title="Alarc'h roueel – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Alarc'h roueel" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cigne_mut" title="Cigne mut – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cigne mut" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygnus_olor" title="Cygnus olor – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Cygnus olor" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labu%C5%A5_velk%C3%A1" title="Labuť velká – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Labuť velká" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygnus_olor" title="Cygnus olor – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Cygnus olor" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alarch_dof" title="Alarch dof – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Alarch dof" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knopsvane" title="Knopsvane – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Knopsvane" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boallonjuk%C4%8Da" title="Boallonjukča – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Boallonjukča" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6ckerschwan" title="Höckerschwan – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Höckerschwan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1b%C4%85%C4%85h_d%C3%A9%C3%A9%C5%82gai" title="Tábąąh dééłgai – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Tábąąh dééłgai" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjarbikaty_%C5%A1won" title="Gjarbikaty šwon – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Gjarbikaty šwon" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%BChmnokk-luik" title="Kühmnokk-luik – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kühmnokk-luik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygnus_olor" title="Cygnus olor – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cygnus olor" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muta_cigno" title="Muta cigno – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Muta cigno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beltxarga_arrunt" title="Beltxarga arrunt – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Beltxarga arrunt" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%DB%8C_%DA%AF%D9%86%DA%AF" title="قوی گنگ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قوی گنگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kn%C3%B3psvanur" title="Knópsvanur – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Knópsvanur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygne_tubercul%C3%A9" title="Cygne tuberculé – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cygne tuberculé" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knobbelswan" title="Knobbelswan – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Knobbelswan" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eala_bhalbh" title="Eala bhalbh – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Eala bhalbh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eala-bh%C3%A0n" title="Eala-bhàn – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Eala-bhàn" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisne" title="Cisne – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cisne" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%98%B9%EA%B3%A0%EB%8B%88" title="혹고니 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="혹고니" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B9%D5%B7%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BA" title="Թշշան կարապ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Թշշան կարապ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8" title="मूक हंस – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मूक हंस" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horbikaty_ko%C5%82p" title="Horbikaty kołp – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Horbikaty kołp" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crvenokljuni_labud" title="Crvenokljuni labud – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Crvenokljuni labud" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angsa_kelu" title="Angsa kelu – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Angsa kelu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygnus_olor" title="Cygnus olor – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Cygnus olor" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hn%C3%BA%C3%B0svanur" title="Hnúðsvanur – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hnúðsvanur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygnus_olor" title="Cygnus olor – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cygnus olor" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%99" title="ברבור מצוי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ברבור מצוי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90_%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="სისინა გედი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სისინა გედი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B4%C5%82p_snieg%C3%B9lc" title="Kôłp sniegùlc – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Kôłp sniegùlc" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D2%9B_%D0%B0%D2%9B%D2%9B%D1%83" title="Сыбырлақ аққу – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сыбырлақ аққу" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralkkiraf_loror_(Cygnus_olor)" title="Ralkkiraf loror (Cygnus olor) – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Ralkkiraf loror (Cygnus olor)" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Q%C3%BBya_lal" title="Qûya lal – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Qûya lal" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BD_%D0%B9%D3%B1%D0%BA%D1%81%D3%B9" title="Эхелян йӱксӹ – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Эхелян йӱксӹ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paugurkn%C4%81bja_gulbis" title="Paugurknābja gulbis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Paugurknābja gulbis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulb%C4%97_nebyl%C4%97" title="Gulbė nebylė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gulbė nebylė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuhmujou%C4%8Den" title="Kuhmujoučen – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Kuhmujoučen" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BCtyk%C3%B6s_hatty%C3%BA" title="Bütykös hattyú – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bütykös hattyú" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4" title="Црвеноклун лебед – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Црвеноклун лебед" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8" title="पाक हंस – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पाक हंस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%85_%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%B3" title="تم اخرس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تم اخرس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D1%83%D1%82_%D1%85%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Хуруут хун – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хуруут хун" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%84%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A1" title="ငန်းအ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ငန်းအ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knobbelzwaan" title="Knobbelzwaan – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Knobbelzwaan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%96%E3%83%8F%E3%82%AF%E3%83%81%E3%83%A7%E3%82%A6" title="コブハクチョウ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="コブハクチョウ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grat_Swaan" title="Grat Swaan – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Grat Swaan" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knoppsvane" title="Knoppsvane – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Knoppsvane" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knoppsvane" title="Knoppsvane – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Knoppsvane" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygnus_olor" title="Cygnus olor – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Cygnus olor" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soqov_oqqush" title="Soqov oqqush – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Soqov oqqush" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7_%DB%81%D9%86%D8%B3" title="گونگا ہنس – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="گونگا ہنس" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygnus_olor" title="Cygnus olor – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Cygnus olor" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81ab%C4%99d%C5%BA_niemy" title="Łabędź niemy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Łabędź niemy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cisne-branco" title="Cisne-branco – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cisne-branco" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leb%C4%83d%C4%83_de_var%C4%83" title="Lebădă de vară – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Lebădă de vară" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8C-%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Лебедь-шипун – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лебедь-шипун" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mute_swan" title="Mute swan – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Mute swan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mjellma_me_xhung%C3%AB" title="Mjellma me xhungë – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mjellma me xhungë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mute_swan" title="Mute swan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mute swan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labu%C5%A5_ve%C4%BEk%C3%A1" title="Labuť veľká – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Labuť veľká" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labod_grbec" title="Labod grbec – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Labod grbec" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B4_%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%86" title="Лабуд грбац – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лабуд грбац" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grbavi_labud" title="Grbavi labud – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Grbavi labud" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyhmyjoutsen" title="Kyhmyjoutsen – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kyhmyjoutsen" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kn%C3%B6lsvan" title="Knölsvan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Knölsvan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygnus_olor" title="Cygnus olor – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Cygnus olor" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பேசாத அன்னம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பேசாத அன்னம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A7" title="หงส์ขาว – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หงส์ขาว" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygnus_olor" title="Cygnus olor – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cygnus olor" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8C-%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Лебідь-шипун – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лебідь-шипун" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thi%C3%AAn_nga_tr%E1%BA%AFng" title="Thiên nga trắng – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thiên nga trắng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cygnus_olor" title="Cygnus olor – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Cygnus olor" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%96%A3%E9%BC%BB%E5%A4%A9%E9%B9%85" title="疣鼻天鹅 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="疣鼻天鹅" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%95%9E%E5%A4%A9%E9%B5%9D" title="啞天鵝 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="啞天鵝" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a 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<button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Species of bird</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Mute swan </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:CygneVaires.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/CygneVaires.jpg/220px-CygneVaires.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/CygneVaires.jpg/330px-CygneVaires.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/CygneVaires.jpg/440px-CygneVaires.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">A pen, recognised by the reduced knob on her beak </td></tr> <tr style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"> <th colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/Conservation_status" title="Conservation status">Conservation status</a></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/220px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/330px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg/440px-Status_iucn3.1_LC.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="137" /></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Least_Concern" class="mw-redirect" title="Least Concern">Least Concern</a> <small> (<a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN 3.1</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Cygnus" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Domain: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eukaryote" title="Eukaryote">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Animal" title="Animal">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phylum: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chordate" title="Chordate">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Class: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bird" title="Bird">Aves</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anseriformes" title="Anseriformes">Anseriformes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Anatidae" title="Anatidae">Anatidae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Swan" title="Swan"><i>Cygnus</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>C. olor</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Cygnus olor</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Johann_Friedrich_Gmelin" title="Johann Friedrich Gmelin">Gmelin, JF</a>, 1789)</div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mute_Swan_ebird_data_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Mute_Swan_ebird_data_map.png/220px-Mute_Swan_ebird_data_map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Mute_Swan_ebird_data_map.png/330px-Mute_Swan_ebird_data_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Mute_Swan_ebird_data_map.png/440px-Mute_Swan_ebird_data_map.png 2x" data-file-width="3756" data-file-height="1900" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Global map of <a href="/wiki/EBird" title="EBird">eBird</a> reports of this species<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend" style="text-align:left;"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid gray; background-color:#007F00; color:white; -webkit-column-break-inside: avoid;"> </span> Year-round range</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend" style="text-align:left;"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid gray; background-color:#E0CF01; color:black; -webkit-column-break-inside: avoid;"> </span> Summer range</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend" style="text-align:left;"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid gray; background-color:#0080FF; color:black; -webkit-column-break-inside: avoid;"> </span> Winter range</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><i>Anas olor</i> <small>Gmelin, 1789</small></li> <li><i>Sthenelides olor</i> <small>(Gmelin, 1789)</small></li> <li><i>Cygnus immutabilis</i> <small>Yarrell, 1838</small></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="24" data-mwtitle="Cygnus_olor_-_Mute_Swan_XC434964.mp3" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Cygnus_olor_-_Mute_Swan_XC434964.mp3"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/cc/Cygnus_olor_-_Mute_Swan_XC434964.mp3/Cygnus_olor_-_Mute_Swan_XC434964.mp3.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Cygnus_olor_-_Mute_Swan_XC434964.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span><figcaption>Sound from wingbeats.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>mute swan</b> (<i><b>Cygnus olor</b></i>) is a <a href="/wiki/Species" title="Species">species</a> of <a href="/wiki/Swan" title="Swan">swan</a> and a member of the <a href="/wiki/Waterfowl" class="mw-redirect" title="Waterfowl">waterfowl</a> family <a href="/wiki/Anatidae" title="Anatidae">Anatidae</a>. It is native to much of <a href="/wiki/Eurasia" title="Eurasia">Eurasia</a>, and (as a rare winter visitor) the far north of Africa. It is an <a href="/wiki/Introduced_species" title="Introduced species">introduced species</a> in North America, home to the largest populations outside of its native range, with additional smaller introductions in <a href="/wiki/Australasia" title="Australasia">Australasia</a> and southern Africa. The name "mute" derives from it being less vocal than other <a href="/wiki/Swan" title="Swan">swan</a> species.<sup id="cite_ref-Hoyo_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hoyo-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Snow_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Snow-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Madge_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Madge-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Measuring 125 to 160 cm (49 to 63 in) in length, this large swan is wholly white in plumage with an orange beak bordered with black. It is recognisable by its pronounced knob atop the beak, which is larger in males. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Taxonomy">Taxonomy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Taxonomy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The mute swan was first formally named by the German naturalist <a href="/wiki/Johann_Friedrich_Gmelin" title="Johann Friedrich Gmelin">Johann Friedrich Gmelin</a> as <i>Anas olor</i> in 1789 and was transferred by <a href="/wiki/Johann_Matth%C3%A4us_Bechstein" title="Johann Matthäus Bechstein">Johann Matthäus Bechstein</a> to the new genus <i>Cygnus</i> in 1803. Both <i>cygnus</i> and <i>olor</i> mean "swan" in <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>; <i>cygnus</i> is a variant form of <i>cycnus</i>, borrowing from <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">κύκνος</span></span> <i>kyknos</i>, a word of the same meaning.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Liddell1980_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liddell1980-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite its Eurasian origin, its closest relatives are the <a href="/wiki/Black_swan" title="Black swan">black swan</a> of <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Black-necked_swan" title="Black-necked swan">black-necked swan</a> of South America, not the other Northern Hemisphere swans of the genus <i>Cygnus</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hoyo_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hoyo-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The species is <a href="/wiki/Monotypic" class="mw-redirect" title="Monotypic">monotypic</a>, with no living <a href="/wiki/Subspecies" title="Subspecies">subspecies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hoyo_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hoyo-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Madge_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Madge-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Evolution">Evolution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Evolution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mute swan subfossils, 6,000 years old, have been found in post-glacial peat beds of <a href="/wiki/East_Anglia" title="East Anglia">East Anglia</a>, Great Britain.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have been recorded from Ireland east to <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and from <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, 13,000 <a href="/wiki/Before_Present" title="Before Present">BP</a> (Desbrosse and Mourer-Chauvire 1972–1973). <i>Cygnus olor bergmanni</i>, a <a href="/wiki/Chronospecies" title="Chronospecies">paleosub species</a> that differed only in size from the living bird, is known from fossils found in <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a>. A related paleospecies recorded from fossils and subfossils is the Giant swan, <i><a href="/wiki/Cygnus_falconeri" title="Cygnus falconeri">Cygnus falconeri</a></i>, a flightless species that lived on the islands of <a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta">Malta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Chibanian" title="Chibanian">Middle Pleistocene</a>. </p><p>Fossils of swan ancestors more distantly allied to the mute swan have been found in four U.S. states: <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Idaho" title="Idaho">Idaho</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Jeff05_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jeff05-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The timeline runs from the <a href="/wiki/Miocene" title="Miocene">Miocene</a> to the late <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a> or 10,000 BP. The latest find was in Anza-Borrego Desert, a state park in California.<sup id="cite_ref-Jeff05_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jeff05-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fossils from the <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a> include <i><a href="/wiki/Cygnus_paloregonus" title="Cygnus paloregonus">Cygnus paloregonus</a></i> from Fossil Lake, Oregon, Froman's Ferry, Idaho, and Arizona, referred to by Howard in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Waterfowl_of_the_World" class="mw-redirect" title="The Waterfowl of the World">The Waterfowl of the World</a></i> as "probably the mute type swan".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Adults of this large swan typically range from 140 to 160 cm (55 to 63 in) long, although can range in extreme cases from 125 to 170 cm (49 to 67 in), with a 200 to 240 cm (79 to 94 in) wingspan.<sup id="cite_ref-Madge1982_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Madge1982-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Males are larger than females and have a larger knob on their bill. On average, this is the second largest waterfowl species after the <a href="/wiki/Trumpeter_swan" title="Trumpeter swan">trumpeter swan</a>, although male mute swans can easily match or even exceed a male trumpeter in mass.<sup id="cite_ref-Madge_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Madge-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among standard measurements of the mute swan, the <a href="/wiki/Wing_chord_(biology)" title="Wing chord (biology)">wing chord</a> measures 53–62.3 cm (20.9–24.5 in), the <a href="/wiki/Tarsometatarsus" title="Tarsometatarsus">tarsus</a> is 10–11.8 cm (3.9–4.6 in) and the bill is 6.9–9 cm (2.7–3.5 in).<sup id="cite_ref-Madge_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Madge-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plumage is white, while the legs are dark grey. The beak of the mute swan is bright orange, with black around the nostrils and a black <a href="/wiki/Beak#Nail" title="Beak">nail</a>. </p><p>The mute swan is one of the heaviest extant flying birds. In several studies from Great Britain, males (known as <i>cobs</i>) were found to average from about 10.6 to 11.87 kg (23.4 to 26.2 lb), with a weight range of 9.2–14.3 kg (20–32 lb) while the slightly smaller females (known as <i>pens</i>) averaged about 8.5 to 9.67 kg (18.7 to 21.3 lb), with a weight range of 7.6–10.6 kg (17–23 lb).<sup id="cite_ref-Madge_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Madge-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CRC_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CRC-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the top normal weight for a big cob is roughly 15 kg (33 lb), one unusually big Polish cob weighed almost 23 kg (51 lb) and this counts as the largest weight ever verified for a flying bird, although it has been questioned whether this heavyweight could still take flight.<sup id="cite_ref-Wood_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wood-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mute swans can achieve speeds in flight of up to 88.5 km/h (55 mph), and during take off achieve speeds of around 48 km/h (30 mph) when running to gain <a href="/wiki/Lift_(force)" title="Lift (force)">lift</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Young birds, called cygnets, are not the bright white of mature adults, and their bill is dull greyish-black, not orange, for the first year. The down may range from pure white to grey to buff, with grey/buff the most common. The white cygnets have a <a href="/wiki/Leucistic" class="mw-redirect" title="Leucistic">leucistic</a> gene. Cygnets grow quickly, reaching a size close to their adult size in approximately three months after hatching. Cygnets typically retain their grey feathers until they are at least one year old, with the down on their wings having been replaced by <a href="/wiki/Flight_feather" title="Flight feather">flight feathers</a> earlier that year. </p><p>All mute swans are white at maturity, though the feathers (particularly on the head and neck) are often stained orange-brown by iron and <a href="/wiki/Tannin" title="Tannin">tannins</a> in the water.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Polish_swan">Polish swan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Polish swan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cygnus_olor_ML0002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Cygnus_olor_ML0002.jpg/220px-Cygnus_olor_ML0002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Cygnus_olor_ML0002.jpg/330px-Cygnus_olor_ML0002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Cygnus_olor_ML0002.jpg/440px-Cygnus_olor_ML0002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3104" data-file-height="1937" /></a><figcaption>Two mute swan cygnets a few weeks old. The cygnet on the right is of the "Polish swan" colour morph, and carries a gene responsible for <a href="/wiki/Leucism" title="Leucism">leucism</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The colour <a href="/wiki/Morph_(zoology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Morph (zoology)">morph</a> <i>C. o.</i> morpha <i>immutabilis</i> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><span class="monospaced"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/immutabilis" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:immutabilis">immūtābilis</a></span> is Latin for "immutable, unchangeable, unalterable"), also known as the "Polish swan", has pinkish (not dark grey) legs and dull white cygnets; as with white <a href="/wiki/Domestic_geese" class="mw-redirect" title="Domestic geese">domestic geese</a>, it is found only in populations with a history of domestication.<sup id="cite_ref-Cramp_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cramp-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Taylor_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Taylor-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Polish swans carry a copy of a gene responsible for <a href="/wiki/Leucism" title="Leucism">leucism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Taylor_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Taylor-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behaviour">Behaviour</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Behaviour"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Drilon,_Pogradec_(17).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Drilon%2C_Pogradec_%2817%29.jpg/220px-Drilon%2C_Pogradec_%2817%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Drilon%2C_Pogradec_%2817%29.jpg/330px-Drilon%2C_Pogradec_%2817%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Drilon%2C_Pogradec_%2817%29.jpg/440px-Drilon%2C_Pogradec_%2817%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Nest in Drilon National Park, <a href="/wiki/Pogradec" title="Pogradec">Pogradec</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>. The cob (male) is patrolling the area close to the nest to protect his mate.</figcaption></figure> <p>Mute swans nest on <a href="/wiki/Bird_nest#Mound" title="Bird nest">large mounds</a> that they build with waterside vegetation in shallow water on islands in the middle or at the very edge of a lake. They are <a href="/wiki/Monogamy_in_animals" title="Monogamy in animals">monogamous</a> and often reuse the same nest each year, restoring or rebuilding it as needed. Male and female swans share the care of the nest, and once the cygnets are fledged it is not uncommon to see whole families looking for food. They feed on a wide range of vegetation, both submerged aquatic plants which they reach with their long necks, and by grazing on land. The food commonly includes agricultural crop plants such as <a href="/wiki/Oilseed_rape" class="mw-redirect" title="Oilseed rape">oilseed rape</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>, and feeding flocks in the winter may cause significant crop damage, often as much through trampling with their large webbed feet, as through direct consumption.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It will also feed on small proportions of aquatic <a href="/wiki/Insect" title="Insect">insects</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">fish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frog" title="Frog">frogs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Unlike <a href="/wiki/Black_swan" title="Black swan">black swans</a>, mute swans are usually strongly territorial with just a single pair on smaller lakes, though in a few locations where a large area of suitable feeding habitat is found, they can be colonial. The largest colonies have over 100 pairs, such as at the colony at <a href="/wiki/Abbotsbury_Swannery" title="Abbotsbury Swannery">Abbotsbury Swannery</a> in southern England, and at the southern tip of <a href="/wiki/%C3%96land" title="Öland">Öland</a> Island, <a href="/wiki/Ottenby" title="Ottenby">Ottenby</a> Preserve, in the coastal waters of the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a>, and can have nests spaced as little as 2 m (7 ft) apart.<sup id="cite_ref-Cramp_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cramp-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Non-mated juveniles up to 3–4 years old commonly form larger flocks, which can total several hundred birds, often at regular traditional sites.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A notable flock of non-breeding birds is found on the <a href="/wiki/River_Tweed" title="River Tweed">River Tweed</a> estuary at <a href="/wiki/Berwick-upon-Tweed" title="Berwick-upon-Tweed">Berwick-upon-Tweed</a> in northeastern England, with a maximum count of 787 birds.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A large population exists near the <a href="/wiki/Swan_Lifeline" title="Swan Lifeline">Swan Lifeline</a> Station in <a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Berkshire" title="Windsor, Berkshire">Windsor</a> and lives on the <a href="/wiki/River_Thames" title="River Thames">Thames</a> in the shadow of <a href="/wiki/Windsor_Castle" title="Windsor Castle">Windsor Castle</a>. Once the adults are mated they seek out their territories and often live close to <a href="/wiki/Duck" title="Duck">ducks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gull" title="Gull">gulls</a>, which may take advantage of the swan's ability to reach deep water weeds, which tend to spread out on the water surface.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The mute swan is less vocal than the noisy <a href="/wiki/Whooper_swan" title="Whooper swan">whooper</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tundra_swan" title="Tundra swan">tundra swans</a>; they do, however, make a variety of sounds, often described as "grunting, hoarse whistling, and snorting noises." During a courtship display, mute swans utter a rhythmic song. The song helps synchronize the movements of their heads and necks. It could technically be employed to distinguish a bonded couple from two dating swans, as the rhythm of the song typically fails to match the pace of the head movements of two dating swans.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mute swans usually hiss at competitors or intruders trying to enter their territory.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most familiar sound associated with mute swans is the vibrant throbbing of the wings in flight which is unique to the species and can be heard from a range of 1 to 2 km (0.6 to 1 mi), indicating its value as a contact sound between birds in flight.<sup id="cite_ref-Cramp_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cramp-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cygnets are especially vocal and communicate through a variety of whistling and chirping sounds when content, as well as a harsher chirping noise when distressed or lost. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hoeckerschwan_Bluecherpark_K%C3%B6ln_Gelege.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Hoeckerschwan_Bluecherpark_K%C3%B6ln_Gelege.jpg/220px-Hoeckerschwan_Bluecherpark_K%C3%B6ln_Gelege.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Hoeckerschwan_Bluecherpark_K%C3%B6ln_Gelege.jpg/330px-Hoeckerschwan_Bluecherpark_K%C3%B6ln_Gelege.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Hoeckerschwan_Bluecherpark_K%C3%B6ln_Gelege.jpg/440px-Hoeckerschwan_Bluecherpark_K%C3%B6ln_Gelege.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3994" data-file-height="2663" /></a><figcaption>Nesting in spring, <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Mute swans can be very aggressive in defence of their nests and are highly protective of their mate and offspring. Most defensive acts from a mute swan begin with a loud hiss and, if this is not sufficient to drive off the predator or intruder, are followed by a physical attack. Swans attack by striking at the threat with bony spurs in their wings, accompanied by biting with their large bill,<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while smaller waterbirds such as ducks are normally grabbed with the swan's bill and dragged or thrown clear of the swan and its offspring. Swans will kill intruders into their territory, both other swans, and geese and ducks, by drowning, climbing onto and pecking the back of the head and forcing the other bird underwater. </p><p>The wings of the swan are very powerful, though not strong enough to break an adult man's leg, as is commonly misquoted.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Large waterfowl, such as <a href="/wiki/Canada_goose" title="Canada goose">Canada geese</a> (more likely out of competition than in response to potential predation), may be aggressively driven off, and mute swans regularly attack people who enter their territory.<sup id="cite_ref-NY_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The cob is responsible for defending the cygnets while on the water, and will sometimes attack small watercraft, such as <a href="/wiki/Canoe" title="Canoe">canoes</a>, that it feels are a threat to its young. The cob will additionally try to chase the predator out of his family territory and will keep animals such as foxes and raptors at bay. In <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a> (outside its native range), the most common predators of cygnets are <a href="/wiki/Common_snapping_turtle" title="Common snapping turtle">common snapping turtles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NY_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Healthy adults are rarely preyed upon, though <a href="/wiki/Canidae" title="Canidae">canids</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Coyote" title="Coyote">coyotes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Felidae" title="Felidae">felids</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Lynx" title="Lynx">lynx</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bear" title="Bear">bears</a> can pose a threat to infirm ones (healthy adults can usually swim away from danger and nest defence is usually successful) and there are a few cases of healthy adults falling prey to the <a href="/wiki/Golden_eagle" title="Golden eagle">golden eagles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Watson_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Watson-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Great Britain, there has been an increased rate of attacks on swans by out-of-control dogs, especially in parks where the birds are less territorial. This is considered criminal in British law, and the birds are placed under the highest protection due to their association with the monarch.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mute swans will readily attack dogs to protect themselves and their cygnets from an attack, and an adult swan is capable of overwhelming and drowning<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> even large dog breeds.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The familiar pose with the neck curved back and wings half raised, known as busking, is a threat display. Both feet are paddled in unison during this display, resulting in more jerky movement.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The swans may also use the busking posture for wind-assisted transportation over several hundred meters, so-called windsurfing.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20090512_Trezzo_7667_1024x768.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/20090512_Trezzo_7667_1024x768.jpg/220px-20090512_Trezzo_7667_1024x768.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/20090512_Trezzo_7667_1024x768.jpg/330px-20090512_Trezzo_7667_1024x768.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/20090512_Trezzo_7667_1024x768.jpg/440px-20090512_Trezzo_7667_1024x768.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>A female mute swan carrying three cygnets between its wings</figcaption></figure> <p>When very young, cygnets may climb onto the back of one of their parents if they become tired while on the water, with the adult proceeding to carry them around. Cygnets may also shelter beneath their parent's wings during periods of heavy rain as a means to stay warm and dry.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like other swans, mute swans are known for their ability to <a href="/wiki/Grief" title="Grief">grieve</a> for a lost or dead mate or cygnet.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Swans will go through a mourning process, and in the case of the loss of their mate, may either stay where their counterpart lived or fly off to join a flock.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Should one of the pair die while there are cygnets present, the remaining parent will take up their partner's duties in raising the clutch. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Breeding">Breeding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Breeding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Birds_of_Sweden_2016_13.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Birds_of_Sweden_2016_13.jpg/220px-Birds_of_Sweden_2016_13.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Birds_of_Sweden_2016_13.jpg/330px-Birds_of_Sweden_2016_13.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Birds_of_Sweden_2016_13.jpg/440px-Birds_of_Sweden_2016_13.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1694" data-file-height="1271" /></a><figcaption>Nest of a mute swan, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> </figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DayOldCygnets.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/DayOldCygnets.jpg/220px-DayOldCygnets.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/DayOldCygnets.jpg/330px-DayOldCygnets.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/DayOldCygnets.jpg/440px-DayOldCygnets.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2349" data-file-height="3524" /></a><figcaption>Cygnets captured one day after they hatched. Newburgh Lake, <a href="/wiki/Livonia,_Michigan" title="Livonia, Michigan">Livonia, Michigan</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ThreeDayOldCygnet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/ThreeDayOldCygnet.jpg/220px-ThreeDayOldCygnet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/ThreeDayOldCygnet.jpg/330px-ThreeDayOldCygnet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/ThreeDayOldCygnet.jpg/440px-ThreeDayOldCygnet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4264" data-file-height="2843" /></a><figcaption>A three-day old cygnet</figcaption></figure> <p>Mute swans lay from 4 to 10 eggs. The female broods for around 36 days, with cygnets normally hatching between May and July.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The young swans do not achieve the ability to fly before about 120 to 150 days old. This limits the distribution of the species at the northern edge of its range as the cygnets need to learn to fly before the ponds and lakes freeze over.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Distribution_and_habitat">Distribution and habitat</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Distribution and habitat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The mute swan is found naturally mainly in temperate areas of Europe, then across the <a href="/wiki/Palearctic" class="mw-redirect" title="Palearctic">Palearctic</a> as far east as <a href="/wiki/Primorsky_Krai" title="Primorsky Krai">Primorsky Krai</a>, near Sidemi.<sup id="cite_ref-Dementev67_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dementev67-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is partially <a href="/wiki/Bird_migration" title="Bird migration">migratory</a> throughout northern latitudes in Europe and Asia, as far south as North Africa and the Mediterranean. It is known and recorded to have nested in Iceland and is a <a href="/wiki/Vagrancy_(biology)" title="Vagrancy (biology)">vagrant</a> in that area as well as in Bermuda, according to the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Environment_Programme" title="United Nations Environment Programme">UN Environment Programme</a> chart of international status chart of bird species, which places it in 70 countries, breeding in 49 countries, and vagrant in 16 countries.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> While most of the current population in Japan is introduced, mute swans are depicted on scrolls more than 1,000 years old, and wild birds from the mainland Asian population still occur rarely in winter. Natural migrants to Japan usually occur along with whooper and sometimes Bewick's swans.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The mute swan is protected in most of its range, but this has not prevented illegal hunting and <a href="/wiki/Poaching" title="Poaching">poaching</a>. It is often kept in captivity outside its natural range, as a decoration for parks and ponds, and escapes have happened. The descendants of such birds have become naturalised in the eastern United States and <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes" title="Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a>, much as the <a href="/wiki/Canada_goose" title="Canada goose">Canada goose</a> has done in Europe.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_population">World population</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: World population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Native_populations">Native populations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Native populations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mute_swans_(Cygnus_olor)_and_cygnets.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mute_swans_%28Cygnus_olor%29_and_cygnets.jpg/220px-Mute_swans_%28Cygnus_olor%29_and_cygnets.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mute_swans_%28Cygnus_olor%29_and_cygnets.jpg/330px-Mute_swans_%28Cygnus_olor%29_and_cygnets.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Mute_swans_%28Cygnus_olor%29_and_cygnets.jpg/440px-Mute_swans_%28Cygnus_olor%29_and_cygnets.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4185" data-file-height="2790" /></a><figcaption>Mute swans with cygnets in <a href="/wiki/Wolvercote" title="Wolvercote">Wolvercote</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oxfordshire" title="Oxfordshire">Oxfordshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">U.K.</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cygne_tubercul%C3%A9_juv%C3%A9nile_(Cygnus_olor)_(08).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Cygne_tubercul%C3%A9_juv%C3%A9nile_%28Cygnus_olor%29_%2808%29.jpg/220px-Cygne_tubercul%C3%A9_juv%C3%A9nile_%28Cygnus_olor%29_%2808%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Cygne_tubercul%C3%A9_juv%C3%A9nile_%28Cygnus_olor%29_%2808%29.jpg/330px-Cygne_tubercul%C3%A9_juv%C3%A9nile_%28Cygnus_olor%29_%2808%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Cygne_tubercul%C3%A9_juv%C3%A9nile_%28Cygnus_olor%29_%2808%29.jpg/440px-Cygne_tubercul%C3%A9_juv%C3%A9nile_%28Cygnus_olor%29_%2808%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption>An older mute swan cygnet in <a href="/wiki/Haut-Rhin" title="Haut-Rhin">Haut-Rhin</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, showing developing adult plumage and developed <a href="/wiki/Flight_feather" title="Flight feather">flight feathers</a> on wings</figcaption></figure> <p>The total native population of mute swans is about 500,000 birds at the end of the breeding season (adults plus young), of which up to 350,000 are in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hoyo_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hoyo-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The largest single breeding concentration is 11,000 pairs in the <a href="/wiki/Volga_Delta" title="Volga Delta">Volga Delta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Snow_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Snow-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The population in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> is about 22,000 birds as of the 2006–2007 winter,<sup id="cite_ref-WeBS_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WeBS-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a slight decline from the peak of about 26,000–27,000 birds in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-Snow_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Snow-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This includes about 5,300 breeding pairs, the remainder being immatures.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other significant populations in Europe include 6,800–8,300 breeding pairs in <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, 4,500 pairs in <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>, 4,000–4,200 pairs in <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, 3,000–4,000 pairs in the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, about 2,500 pairs in <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>, and 1,200–1,700 pairs in <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Snow_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Snow-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For many centuries, mute swans in Great Britain were domesticated for food, with individuals being marked by nicks on their webs (feet) or beaks to indicate ownership. These marks were registered with the Crown and a Royal Swanherd was appointed. Any birds not so marked became Crown property, hence the swan becoming known as the "Royal Bird". This domestication saved the mute swan from <a href="/wiki/Local_extinction" title="Local extinction">extirpation</a> through overhunting in Great Britain.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thamesweb.co.uk_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thamesweb.co.uk-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Populations in Western Europe were largely exterminated by hunting pressure in the 13th–19th centuries, except for semi-domesticated birds maintained as <a href="/wiki/Poultry" title="Poultry">poultry</a> by large landowners. Better protection in the late 19th and early 20th centuries allowed the species to expand and return to most or all of their former range.<sup id="cite_ref-Ticehurst_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ticehurst-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Holloway_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holloway-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More recently in the period from about 1960 up to the early 1980s, numbers declined significantly again in many areas in England,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> primarily due to <a href="/wiki/Lead_poisoning" title="Lead poisoning">lead poisoning</a> from birds swallowing <a href="/wiki/Shot_(pellet)" title="Shot (pellet)">lead shots</a> from shooting and discarded <a href="/wiki/Fishing_sinker" title="Fishing sinker">fishing weights</a> made from <a href="/wiki/Lead" title="Lead">lead</a>. After lead weights and shots were mostly replaced by other less toxic alternatives, mute swan numbers increased again rapidly.<sup id="cite_ref-Snow_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Snow-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Introduced_populations">Introduced populations</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Introduced populations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since being introduced into North America, the mute swan has increased greatly in number to the extent that it is considered an <a href="/wiki/Invasive_species" title="Invasive species">invasive species</a> there. Populations introduced into other areas remain small, with around 200 in Japan, fewer than 200 in <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> and <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, and about 120 in <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hoyo_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hoyo-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="North_America">North America</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: North America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The mute swan was introduced to North America in the late 19th century. Recently, it has been widely viewed as an <a href="/wiki/Invasive_species" title="Invasive species">invasive species</a> because of its rapidly increasing numbers and its adverse effects on other <a href="/wiki/Anseriformes" title="Anseriformes">waterfowl</a> and native <a href="/wiki/Ecosystem" title="Ecosystem">ecosystems</a>. For example, a study of population sizes in the lower <a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes" title="Great Lakes">Great Lakes</a> from 1971 to 2000 found that mute swan numbers were increasing at an average rate of at least 10% per year, doubling the population every seven to eight years.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several studies have concluded that mute swans severely reduce the densities of submerged vegetation where they occur.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2003, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Fish_and_Wildlife_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service">U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service</a> proposed to "minimize environmental damages attributed to Mute Swans" by reducing their numbers in the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Flyway" title="Atlantic Flyway">Atlantic Flyway</a> to pre-1986 levels, a 67% reduction at the time. According to a report published in the <i><a href="/wiki/Federal_Register" title="Federal Register">Federal Register</a></i> of 2003<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the proposal was supported by all thirteen state wildlife agencies which submitted comments, as well as by 43 bird conservation, wildlife conservation and wildlife management organisations. Ten <a href="/wiki/Animal_rights" title="Animal rights">animal rights</a> organisations and the vast majority of comments from individuals were opposed. At this time mute swans were protected under the <a href="/wiki/Migratory_Bird_Treaty_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Migratory Bird Treaty Act">Migratory Bird Treaty Act</a> due to a court order, but in 2005 the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_the_Interior" title="United States Department of the Interior">United States Department of the Interior</a> officially declared them a non-native, unprotected species.<sup id="cite_ref-USDI_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USDI-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mute swans are protected in some areas of the U.S. by local laws, for example, in <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The status of the mute swan as an introduced species in North America is disputed by the <a href="/wiki/Interest_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Interest group">interest group</a> "Save the Mute Swans".<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They assert that mute swans are native to the region and therefore deserving of protection. They claim that mute swans had origins in Russia and cite historical sightings and fossil records. These claims have been rejected as specious by the U.S. Department of the Interior.<sup id="cite_ref-USDI_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USDI-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Oceania">Oceania</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Oceania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The mute swan had absolute protection in <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> under the <a href="/wiki/Wildlife_Act_1953" title="Wildlife Act 1953">Wildlife Act 1953</a>, but this was changed in June 2010 to a lower level of protection. It still has protection, but is now allowed to be killed or held in captivity at the discretion of the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Conservation_(New_Zealand)" title="Minister of Conservation (New Zealand)">Minister of Conservation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A small feral population exists in the vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Perth" title="Perth">Perth</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>; however, it is believed to number less than 100 individuals.<sup id="cite_ref-Hoyo_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hoyo-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:De_bedreigde_zwaan_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-4.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/De_bedreigde_zwaan_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-4.jpeg/220px-De_bedreigde_zwaan_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-4.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/De_bedreigde_zwaan_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-4.jpeg/330px-De_bedreigde_zwaan_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-4.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/De_bedreigde_zwaan_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-4.jpeg/440px-De_bedreigde_zwaan_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-4.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="5728" data-file-height="4830" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/The_Threatened_Swan" title="The Threatened Swan">The Threatened Swan</a></i> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1650) by <a href="/wiki/Jan_Asselijn" title="Jan Asselijn">Jan Asselijn</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The mute swan has been the <a href="/wiki/National_bird" class="mw-redirect" title="National bird">national bird</a> of Denmark since 1984. Before that, the <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_skylark" title="Eurasian skylark">skylark</a> was considered Denmark's national bird (since 1960).<sup id="cite_ref-Kongeåen_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kongeåen-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The fairy tale "<a href="/wiki/The_Ugly_Duckling" title="The Ugly Duckling">The Ugly Duckling</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Hans_Christian_Andersen" title="Hans Christian Andersen">Hans Christian Andersen</a> tells the story of a cygnet ostracised by his fellow barnyard fowl because of his perceived unattractiveness. To his delight (and to the surprise of others), he matures into a graceful swan, the most beautiful bird of all.<sup id="cite_ref-Kongeåen_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kongeåen-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today, the <a href="/wiki/British_Monarch" class="mw-redirect" title="British Monarch">British Monarch</a> retains the right to ownership of all unmarked mute swans in open water, but King <a href="/wiki/Charles_III" title="Charles III">Charles III</a> exercises his ownership only on certain stretches of the Thames and its surrounding tributaries. This ownership is shared with the <a href="/wiki/Worshipful_Company_of_Vintners" title="Worshipful Company of Vintners">Vintners'</a> and <a href="/wiki/Worshipful_Company_of_Dyers" title="Worshipful Company of Dyers">Dyers'</a> Companies, who were granted rights of ownership by the Crown in the 15th century.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The mute swans in the <a href="/wiki/Moat" title="Moat">moat</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Bishop%27s_Palace,_Wells" title="Bishop's Palace, Wells">Bishops Palace</a> at <a href="/wiki/Wells_Cathedral" title="Wells Cathedral">Wells Cathedral</a> in <a href="/wiki/Wells,_Somerset" title="Wells, Somerset">Wells</a>, England have for centuries been trained to ring bells via strings attached to them to beg for food. Two swans are still able to ring for lunch.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The pair of swans in the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Garden" title="Boston Public Garden">Boston Public Garden</a> are named Romeo and Juliet after the <a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet" title="Romeo and Juliet">Shakespearean couple</a>; however, it was found that both of them are females.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Swans" title="Sydney Swans">The Sydney Swans Football Club</a> earned their nickname from the many players they recruited from <a href="/wiki/Western_Australia" title="Western Australia">Western Australia</a> in the 1930's<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (the <a href="/wiki/Black_swan" title="Black swan">Black Swan</a> being the <a href="/wiki/Symbols_of_Western_Australia" title="Symbols of Western Australia">State's Badge and Bird</a>), the Football Club adopted the Mute Swan as their symbol as it matched their red and white team colours. The swan's plumage on the logo is designed to replicate the sails of the <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Opera_House" title="Sydney Opera House">Sydney Opera House</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MuteSwan2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mute swan guarding its cygnets (the latter are out of the picture)"><img alt="Mute swan guarding its cygnets (the latter are out of the picture)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/MuteSwan2.jpg/120px-MuteSwan2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/MuteSwan2.jpg/180px-MuteSwan2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/MuteSwan2.jpg/240px-MuteSwan2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4570" data-file-height="3047" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mute swan guarding its cygnets (the latter are out of the picture)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Knolsvanar.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Finding food underwater"><img alt="Finding food underwater" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Knolsvanar.jpg/120px-Knolsvanar.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Knolsvanar.jpg/180px-Knolsvanar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Knolsvanar.jpg/240px-Knolsvanar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3372" data-file-height="2316" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Finding food underwater</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cygnus_olor-pjt1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mute swan in flight"><img alt="Mute swan in flight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Cygnus_olor-pjt1.jpg/120px-Cygnus_olor-pjt1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Cygnus_olor-pjt1.jpg/180px-Cygnus_olor-pjt1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Cygnus_olor-pjt1.jpg/240px-Cygnus_olor-pjt1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4300" data-file-height="2679" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mute swan in flight</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cygnus_olor-pjt2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flock in flight"><img alt="Flock in flight" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cygnus_olor-pjt2.jpg/120px-Cygnus_olor-pjt2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cygnus_olor-pjt2.jpg/180px-Cygnus_olor-pjt2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cygnus_olor-pjt2.jpg/240px-Cygnus_olor-pjt2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4911" data-file-height="1756" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flock in flight</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cygnus_olor_-Grand_Canal,_Dublin,_Ireland_-landing-8_(3).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Landing on water"><img alt="Landing on water" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Cygnus_olor_-Grand_Canal%2C_Dublin%2C_Ireland_-landing-8_%283%29.jpg/120px-Cygnus_olor_-Grand_Canal%2C_Dublin%2C_Ireland_-landing-8_%283%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Cygnus_olor_-Grand_Canal%2C_Dublin%2C_Ireland_-landing-8_%283%29.jpg/180px-Cygnus_olor_-Grand_Canal%2C_Dublin%2C_Ireland_-landing-8_%283%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Cygnus_olor_-Grand_Canal%2C_Dublin%2C_Ireland_-landing-8_%283%29.jpg/240px-Cygnus_olor_-Grand_Canal%2C_Dublin%2C_Ireland_-landing-8_%283%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3215" data-file-height="2401" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Landing on water</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:H%C3%B6ckerschwan_am_Neckarufer_in_Heidelberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="In aggressive stance with wings outstretched and raised"><img alt="In aggressive stance with wings outstretched and raised" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/H%C3%B6ckerschwan_am_Neckarufer_in_Heidelberg.jpg/120px-H%C3%B6ckerschwan_am_Neckarufer_in_Heidelberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/H%C3%B6ckerschwan_am_Neckarufer_in_Heidelberg.jpg/180px-H%C3%B6ckerschwan_am_Neckarufer_in_Heidelberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/H%C3%B6ckerschwan_am_Neckarufer_in_Heidelberg.jpg/240px-H%C3%B6ckerschwan_am_Neckarufer_in_Heidelberg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1726" data-file-height="1365" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">In aggressive stance with wings outstretched and raised</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cygnus_olor_MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.11.2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mute swan egg"><img alt="Mute swan egg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Cygnus_olor_MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.11.2.jpg/120px-Cygnus_olor_MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.11.2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Cygnus_olor_MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.11.2.jpg/180px-Cygnus_olor_MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.11.2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Cygnus_olor_MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.11.2.jpg/240px-Cygnus_olor_MHNT.ZOO.2010.11.11.2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4535" data-file-height="4535" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mute swan egg</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Swan-(Cygnus-olor)-1956.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="1956 Finnish stamp with a mute swan"><img alt="1956 Finnish stamp with a mute swan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Swan-%28Cygnus-olor%29-1956.jpg/86px-Swan-%28Cygnus-olor%29-1956.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Swan-%28Cygnus-olor%29-1956.jpg/129px-Swan-%28Cygnus-olor%29-1956.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Swan-%28Cygnus-olor%29-1956.jpg/171px-Swan-%28Cygnus-olor%29-1956.jpg 2x" data-file-width="261" data-file-height="365" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">1956 Finnish stamp with a mute swan</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mute_swan_(Cygnus_olor)_in_Bowness-on-Windermere,_England.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Head profile"><img alt="Head profile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Mute_swan_%28Cygnus_olor%29_in_Bowness-on-Windermere%2C_England.jpg/89px-Mute_swan_%28Cygnus_olor%29_in_Bowness-on-Windermere%2C_England.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Mute_swan_%28Cygnus_olor%29_in_Bowness-on-Windermere%2C_England.jpg/134px-Mute_swan_%28Cygnus_olor%29_in_Bowness-on-Windermere%2C_England.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Mute_swan_%28Cygnus_olor%29_in_Bowness-on-Windermere%2C_England.jpg/179px-Mute_swan_%28Cygnus_olor%29_in_Bowness-on-Windermere%2C_England.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3500" data-file-height="4700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Head profile</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mute_swan_cygnets_learning_in_Prospect_Park_(80222).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mute swan and cygnets on a duckweed-covered pond in New York City"><img alt="Mute swan and cygnets on a duckweed-covered pond in New York City" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Mute_swan_cygnets_learning_in_Prospect_Park_%2880222%29.jpg/120px-Mute_swan_cygnets_learning_in_Prospect_Park_%2880222%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Mute_swan_cygnets_learning_in_Prospect_Park_%2880222%29.jpg/180px-Mute_swan_cygnets_learning_in_Prospect_Park_%2880222%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Mute_swan_cygnets_learning_in_Prospect_Park_%2880222%29.jpg/240px-Mute_swan_cygnets_learning_in_Prospect_Park_%2880222%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3316" data-file-height="1955" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mute swan and cygnets on a <a href="/wiki/Duckweed" class="mw-redirect" title="Duckweed">duckweed</a>-covered pond in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kn%C3%B6lsvan_(Cygnus_olor)_Ystad-2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mute swans take off"><img alt="Mute swans take off" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Kn%C3%B6lsvan_%28Cygnus_olor%29_Ystad-2016.jpg/120px-Kn%C3%B6lsvan_%28Cygnus_olor%29_Ystad-2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Kn%C3%B6lsvan_%28Cygnus_olor%29_Ystad-2016.jpg/180px-Kn%C3%B6lsvan_%28Cygnus_olor%29_Ystad-2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Kn%C3%B6lsvan_%28Cygnus_olor%29_Ystad-2016.jpg/240px-Kn%C3%B6lsvan_%28Cygnus_olor%29_Ystad-2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="767" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Mute swans take off</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kn%C3%B6lsvan_-_(Cygnus_olor)_-_Ystad-2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A pair of mute swans grooming"><img alt="A pair of mute swans grooming" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Kn%C3%B6lsvan_-_%28Cygnus_olor%29_-_Ystad-2020.jpg/120px-Kn%C3%B6lsvan_-_%28Cygnus_olor%29_-_Ystad-2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="59" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Kn%C3%B6lsvan_-_%28Cygnus_olor%29_-_Ystad-2020.jpg/180px-Kn%C3%B6lsvan_-_%28Cygnus_olor%29_-_Ystad-2020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Kn%C3%B6lsvan_-_%28Cygnus_olor%29_-_Ystad-2020.jpg/240px-Kn%C3%B6lsvan_-_%28Cygnus_olor%29_-_Ystad-2020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="881" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A pair of mute swans grooming</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swan_Upping" class="mw-redirect" title="Swan Upping">Swan Upping</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bird_of_Peace" title="The Bird of Peace">The Bird of Peace</a></i> (statue)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBirdLife_International2016" class="citation journal cs1">BirdLife International (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/22679839/85946855">"<i>Cygnus olor</i>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN Red List of Threatened Species</a></i>. <b>2016</b>: e.T22679839A85946855. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22679839A85946855.en">10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22679839A85946855.en</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IUCN+Red+List+of+Threatened+Species&rft.atitle=Cygnus+olor&rft.volume=2016&rft.pages=e.T22679839A85946855&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2305%2FIUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22679839A85946855.en&rft.au=BirdLife+International&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iucnredlist.org%2Fspecies%2F22679839%2F85946855&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hoyo-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hoyo_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hoyo_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hoyo_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hoyo_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hoyo_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hoyo_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFdel_HoyoElliottSargatal1992" class="citation book cs1">del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi, eds. (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/handbookofbirdso0001unse/page/577"><i>Ostrich to Ducks</i></a>. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 1. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/handbookofbirdso0001unse/page/577">577–78</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-87334-10-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-87334-10-8"><bdi>978-84-87334-10-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ostrich+to+Ducks&rft.place=Barcelona&rft.series=Handbook+of+the+Birds+of+the+World&rft.pages=577-78&rft.pub=Lynx+Edicions&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-84-87334-10-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhandbookofbirdso0001unse%2Fpage%2F577&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Snow-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Snow_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Snow_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Snow_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Snow_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Snow_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSnowPerrins1998" class="citation book cs1">Snow, D. W.; Perrins, C. M. (1998). <i>The Birds of the Western Palearctic</i> (Concise ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-854099-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-854099-1"><bdi>978-0-19-854099-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Birds+of+the+Western+Palearctic&rft.place=Oxford&rft.edition=Concise&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-19-854099-1&rft.aulast=Snow&rft.aufirst=D.+W.&rft.au=Perrins%2C+C.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Madge-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Madge_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Madge_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Madge_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Madge_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Madge_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMadgeBurn1987" class="citation book cs1">Madge, S.; Burn, H. (1987). <i>Wildfowl: An Identification Guide to the Ducks, Geese and Swans of the World</i>. A & C Black. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7470-2201-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7470-2201-5"><bdi>978-0-7470-2201-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wildfowl%3A+An+Identification+Guide+to+the+Ducks%2C+Geese+and+Swans+of+the+World&rft.pub=A+%26+C+Black&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=978-0-7470-2201-5&rft.aulast=Madge&rft.aufirst=S.&rft.au=Burn%2C+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059:entry=cycnus1">cycnus</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0059:entry=olor1">olor</a>. Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short. <i><a href="/wiki/A_Latin_Dictionary" title="A Latin Dictionary">A Latin Dictionary</a></i> on <a href="/wiki/Perseus_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Perseus Project">Perseus Project</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Liddell1980-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Liddell1980_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:entry=ku/knos"><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">κύκνος</span></span></a>. <a href="/wiki/Henry_Liddell" title="Henry Liddell">Liddell, Henry George</a>; <a href="/wiki/Robert_Scott_(philologist)" title="Robert Scott (philologist)">Scott, Robert</a>; <i><a href="/wiki/A_Greek%E2%80%93English_Lexicon" title="A Greek–English Lexicon">A Greek–English Lexicon</a></i> at the <a href="/wiki/Perseus_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Perseus Project">Perseus Project</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSimpson1979" class="citation book cs1">Simpson, D. P. (1979). <i>Cassell's Latin Dictionary</i> (5th ed.). London: Cassell. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-304-52257-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-304-52257-6"><bdi>978-0-304-52257-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cassell%27s+Latin+Dictionary&rft.place=London&rft.edition=5th&rft.pub=Cassell&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-304-52257-6&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=D.+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarper" class="citation web cs1">Harper, Douglas. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.etymonline.com/?term=cygnet">"cygnet"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Online_Etymology_Dictionary" title="Online Etymology Dictionary">Online Etymology Dictionary</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft.atitle=cygnet&rft.aulast=Harper&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2F%3Fterm%3Dcygnet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorthcote1981" class="citation journal cs1">Northcote, E. M. (1981). "Size difference between limb bones of recent and subfossil Mute Swans (<i>Cygnus olor</i>)". <i>J. Archaeol. Sci</i>. <b>8</b> (1): 89–98. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1981JArSc...8...89N">1981JArSc...8...89N</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2F0305-4403%2881%2990014-5">10.1016/0305-4403(81)90014-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+Archaeol.+Sci.&rft.atitle=Size+difference+between+limb+bones+of+recent+and+subfossil+Mute+Swans+%28Cygnus+olor%29&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=89-98&rft.date=1981&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2F0305-4403%2881%2990014-5&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1981JArSc...8...89N&rft.aulast=Northcote&rft.aufirst=E.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPalmer1976" class="citation book cs1">Palmer, Ralph S., ed. (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/handbookofnortha01palm"><i>Handbook of North American Birds</i></a>. Vol. 2. New Haven: Yale University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0300019025" title="Special:BookSources/978-0300019025"><bdi>978-0300019025</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+North+American+Birds&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=978-0300019025&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhandbookofnortha01palm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jeff05-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jeff05_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jeff05_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeffersonLindsay2005" class="citation book cs1">Jefferson, George T.; Lindsay, Lowell, eds. (2005). <i>Fossil Treasures of the Anza-Borrego Desert</i>. Sunbelt Publications. p. 153. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780932653505" title="Special:BookSources/9780932653505"><bdi>9780932653505</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fossil+Treasures+of+the+Anza-Borrego+Desert&rft.pages=153&rft.pub=Sunbelt+Publications&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780932653505&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The Waterfowl of the World</i>. pp. 262–265.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Waterfowl+of+the+World&rft.pages=262-265&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Madge1982-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Madge1982_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Madge, Steve, <i>Waterfowl: An Identification Guide to the Ducks, Geese, and Swans of the World</i>. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (1992), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-395-46726-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-395-46726-8">978-0-395-46726-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mullarney, K., Svensson, L, Zetterstrom, D., & Grant, P.J. (1999) Collins Bird Guide. HarperCollins Publishers Ltd., London p. 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">del Hoyo, et al., <i>Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Ostrich to Ducks (Handbooks of the Birds of the World)</i>. Lynx Edicions (1992), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-84-87334-10-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-84-87334-10-8">978-84-87334-10-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CRC-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CRC_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>CRC Handbook of Avian Body Masses</i> by John B. Dunning Jr. (Editor). CRC Press (1992), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8493-4258-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8493-4258-5">978-0-8493-4258-5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sears, J. 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Bird Study, 33(3), 145–158.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wood-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wood_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWood1983" class="citation book cs1">Wood, Gerald (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/guinnessbookofan00wood"><i>The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats</i></a>. 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"Mute Swan (<i>Cygnus olor</i>) impact on submerged aquatic vegetation and macroinvertebrates in a Rhode Island coastal pond". <i>Northeastern Naturalist</i>. <b>10</b> (3): 305–318. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1656%2F1092-6194%282003%29010%5B0305%3AMSCOIO%5D2.0.CO%3B2">10.1656/1092-6194(2003)010[0305:MSCOIO]2.0.CO;2</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1092-6194">1092-6194</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:86133818">86133818</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Mute+Swan+%28Cygnus+olor%29+impact+on+submerged+aquatic+vegetation+and+macroinvertebrates+in+a+Rhode+Island+coastal+pond&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=305-318&rft.date=2003-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A86133818%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1092-6194&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1656%2F1092-6194%282003%29010%5B0305%3AMSCOIO%5D2.0.CO%3B2&rft.aulast=Allin&rft.aufirst=Charles+C.&rft.au=Husband%2C+Thomas+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliams" class="citation journal cs1">Williams, Steve. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/2003/pdf/03-20281.pdf">"Finding of No Significant Impact and Final Environmental Assessment for the Management of Mute Swans in the Atlantic Flyway"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Federal Register</i>. <b>68</b> (152): 47085.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+Register&rft.atitle=Finding+of+No+Significant+Impact+and+Final+Environmental+Assessment+for+the+Management+of+Mute+Swans+in+the+Atlantic+Flyway&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=152&rft.pages=47085&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedocket.access.gpo.gov%2F2003%2Fpdf%2F03-20281.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USDI-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USDI_60-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USDI_60-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110726002022/http://www.dodpif.org/downloads/MBTRA_70FR372final.pdf">"Final List of Bird Species to Which the Migratory Bird Treaty Act Does Not Apply"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dodpif.org/downloads/MBTRA_70FR372final.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 26 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Final+List+of+Bird+Species+to+Which+the+Migratory+Bird+Treaty+Act+Does+Not+Apply&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dodpif.org%2Fdownloads%2FMBTRA_70FR372final.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/news/local/connecticut/articles/2007/12/24/bird_lovers_conn_are_at_odds_on_swans/">"Bird lovers, Conn. are at odds on swans"</a>. <i>Boston Globe</i>. 24 December 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Bird+lovers%2C+Conn.+are+at+odds+on+swans&rft.date=2007-12-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Fconnecticut%2Farticles%2F2007%2F12%2F24%2Fbird_lovers_conn_are_at_odds_on_swans%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110824210757/http://muteswanadvocacy.com/">"Mute Swan Advocacy"</a>. Mute Swan Advocacy. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://muteswanadvocacy.com/">the original</a> on 24 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mute+Swan+Advocacy&rft.pub=Mute+Swan+Advocacy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmuteswanadvocacy.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://feeds.beehive.govt.nz/release/protection+status+changes+wildlife+act">"Protection status changes to Wildlife Act"</a>. New Zealand Government. 10 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Protection+status+changes+to+Wildlife+Act&rft.pub=New+Zealand+Government&rft.date=2010-06-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffeeds.beehive.govt.nz%2Frelease%2Fprotection%2Bstatus%2Bchanges%2Bwildlife%2Bact&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kongeåen-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kongeåen_64-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kongeåen_64-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kongeaastien.dk/en/content/mute-swan">"The mute swan"</a>. <i>Kongeåen</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Konge%C3%A5en&rft.atitle=The+mute+swan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkongeaastien.dk%2Fen%2Fcontent%2Fmute-swan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.royal.gov.uk/RoyalEventsandCeremonies/SwanUpping/SwanUpping.aspx">British Monarchy website</a> regarding swan upping and the Crown's ownership of Mute Swans.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVictor2022" class="citation news cs1">Victor, Daniel (15 September 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/15/world/europe/king-charles-swans-queen-elizabeth.html">"Britain Has a New King. The Swans Have a New Owner"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2023</span>. <q>Three companies are still permitted by the monarchy to own swans: The Abbotsbury Swannery, The Vintners Company and The Dyers' Company.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Britain+Has+a+New+King.+The+Swans+Have+a+New+Owner.&rft.date=2022-09-15&rft.aulast=Victor&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2022%2F09%2F15%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fking-charles-swans-queen-elizabeth.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160329230706/http://www.bishopspalacewells.co.uk/swan-watch">"Swan Watch: The Bishop's Swans"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bishopspalacewells.co.uk/swan-watch">the original</a> on 29 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Swan+Watch%3A+The+Bishop%27s+Swans&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bishopspalacewells.co.uk%2Fswan-watch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSlack2005" class="citation news cs1">Slack, Donovan (12 August 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boston.com/news/local/articles/2005/08/12/thou_art_no_romeo/">"Thou art no Romeo"</a>. <i>Boston Globe</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Boston+Globe&rft.atitle=Thou+art+no+Romeo&rft.date=2005-08-12&rft.aulast=Slack&rft.aufirst=Donovan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boston.com%2Fnews%2Flocal%2Farticles%2F2005%2F08%2F12%2Fthou_art_no_romeo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J. M. Rohan (24 January 1934). "Real story behind South Melbourne's football premiership". <i>The Sporting Globe</i>. Melbourne. p. 7.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mute_swan&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cygnus_olor" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Cygnus olor">the mute swan</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a> has information related to <i><b><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Cygnus_olor" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Cygnus olor">Cygnus olor</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/www.arkive.org/">Mute swan</a> media from <a href="/wiki/ARKive" title="ARKive">ARKive</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25402#P2833" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hbw.com/ibc/species/mute-swan-cygnus-olor">"Mute swan media"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Internet_Bird_Collection" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Bird Collection">Internet Bird Collection</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Internet+Bird+Collection&rft.atitle=Mute+swan+media&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hbw.com%2Fibc%2Fspecies%2Fmute-swan-cygnus-olor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMute+swan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120420014030/http://www.yourdnasong.com/videos.htm">mtDNA Mute Swan video</a> The mitochondrial DNA sequence of 'Cygnus olor' translated into music.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vireo.acnatsci.org/search.html?Form=Search&SEARCHBY=Common&KEYWORDS=Mute+Swan&showwhat=images&AGE=All&SEX=All&ACT=All&Search=Search&VIEW=All&ORIENTATION=All&RESULTS=24">Mute swan photo gallery</a> at VIREO (Drexel University)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Poultry" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Poultry" title="Template:Poultry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Poultry" title="Template talk:Poultry"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Poultry" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Poultry"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Poultry" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Poultry" title="Poultry">Poultry</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Species</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicken" title="Chicken">Chicken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_duck" title="Domestic duck">Duck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_goose" title="Domestic goose">Goose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_guineafowl" title="Domestic guineafowl">Guineafowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_pigeon" title="Domestic pigeon">Domestic pigeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_quail" title="Japanese quail">Japanese quail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_Muscovy_duck" title="Domestic Muscovy duck">Muscovy duck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puna_ibis" title="Puna ibis">Puna ibis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_turkey" title="Domestic turkey">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_poultry_breeds" title="Lists of poultry breeds">Breeds</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_chicken_breeds" title="List of chicken breeds">Chicken breeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_duck_breeds" title="List of duck breeds">Duck breeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_turkey_breeds" title="List of turkey breeds">Turkey breeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_goose_breeds" title="List of goose breeds">Goose breeds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pigeon_breeds" title="List of pigeon breeds">Pigeon breeds</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Poultry_disease" title="Poultry disease">Diseases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fowlpox" title="Fowlpox">Fowlpox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poultry_malaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Poultry malaria">Malaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scaly_leg" class="mw-redirect" title="Scaly leg">Scaly leg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_striping" title="White striping">White striping</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Poultry_farming" title="Poultry farming">Poultry farming</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antibiotics_in_poultry_farming" class="mw-redirect" title="Antibiotics in poultry farming">Antibiotics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battery_cage" title="Battery cage">Battery cage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blinders_(poultry)" title="Blinders (poultry)">Blinders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibalism_in_poultry" title="Cannibalism in poultry">Cannibalism in poultry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_eyeglasses" title="Chicken eyeglasses">Chicken eyeglasses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chick_culling" title="Chick culling">Chick culling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chick_sexing" title="Chick sexing">Chick sexing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_coop" class="mw-redirect" title="Chicken coop">Chicken coop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicken_harvester" title="Chicken harvester">Chicken harvester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debeaking" class="mw-redirect" title="Debeaking">Debeaking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forced_molting" title="Forced molting">Forced molting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_range" title="Free range">Free range</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free-range_eggs" title="Free-range eggs">Free-range eggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furnished_cages" class="mw-redirect" title="Furnished cages">Furnished cages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatchery" title="Hatchery">Hatchery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hock_burns" title="Hock burns">Hock burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organic_egg_production" title="Organic egg production">Organic egg production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastured_poultry" title="Pastured poultry">Pastured poultry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poultry_litter" title="Poultry litter">Poultry litter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poultry_farming_in_the_United_States" title="Poultry farming in the United States">In the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarding" title="Yarding">Yarding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Cygnus olor</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25402" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q25402">Q25402</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Cygnus_olor" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Cygnus olor">Cygnus olor</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/American_Birding_Association" title="American Birding Association">ABA</a>: <span class="uid">mutswa</span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Animal_Diversity_Web" title="Animal Diversity Web">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Cygnus_olor/">Cygnus_olor</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Faunal_Directory" title="Australian Faunal Directory">AFD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Cygnus_%28Cygnus%29_olor">Cygnus_(Cygnus)_olor</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Avibase" title="Avibase">Avibase</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=694C127A5D849FFE">694C127A5D849FFE</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BioLib: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id8426">8426</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/BirdLife_International" title="BirdLife International">BirdLife</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datazone.birdlife.org/species/factsheet/22679839">22679839</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=19948">19948</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Birds_of_the_World" title="Birds of the World">BOW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/mutswa">mutswa</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/British_Trust_for_Ornithology" title="British Trust for Ornithology">BTO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://app.bto.org/birdfacts/results/bob1520.htm">bob1520</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/32ZQB">32ZQB</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Convention_on_the_Conservation_of_Migratory_Species_of_Wild_Animals" title="Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals">CMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cms.int/en/species/cygnus-olor">cygnus-olor</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EBird" title="EBird">eBird</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ebird.org/species/mutswa">mutswa</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/45510543">45510543</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/CYGNOL">CYGNOL</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/European_Nature_Information_System" class="mw-redirect" title="European Nature Information System">EUNIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eunis.eea.europa.eu/species/1005">1005</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/European_Union_for_Bird_Ringing" title="European Union for Bird Ringing">EURING</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://euring.org/edb/species-maps/sp1520.htm">1520</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:96468">96468</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea (new)</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fauna-eu.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/415d7ad6-a521-4d9a-85b7-0e4819e5d063">415d7ad6-a521-4d9a-85b7-0e4819e5d063</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/2498343">2498343</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Invasive_Species_Database" title="Global Invasive Species Database">GISD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/species.php?sc=973">973</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">GNAB: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.audubon.org/field-guide/bird/mute-swan">mute-swan</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Handbook_of_the_Birds_of_the_World" title="Handbook of the Birds of the World">IBC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://birdsoftheworld.org/bow/species/mute-swan-cygnus-olor">mute-swan-cygnus-olor</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/6921">6921</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=11123166">11123166</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Invasive_Species_Compendium" title="Invasive Species Compendium">ISC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/86123">86123</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=174985">174985</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/IUCN_Red_List" title="IUCN Red List">IUCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apiv3.iucnredlist.org/api/v3/taxonredirect/22679839">22679839</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.100736/">2.100736</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://species.nbnatlas.org/species/NBNSYS0000000010">NBNSYS0000000010</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=8869">8869</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZBO: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nzbirdsonline.org.nz/species/mute-swan">mute-swan</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/ba0235f9-7979-4bd7-be03-2f5623963ad0">ba0235f9-7979-4bd7-be03-2f5623963ad0</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Observation.org" title="Observation.org">Observation.org</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observation.org/species/136/">136</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ocean_Biodiversity_Information_System" title="Ocean Biodiversity Information System">OBIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://obis.org/taxon/159090">159090</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Department_of_Natural_Resources" title="Ohio Department of Natural Resources">ODNR</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/http://wildlife.ohiodnr.gov/species-and-habitats/species-guide-index/birds/mute-swan">mute-swan</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=140314">140314</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Paleobiology_Database" title="Paleobiology Database">Paleobiology Database</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicTaxonInfo?taxon_no=379183">379183</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tierstimmenarchiv" class="extiw" title="de:Tierstimmenarchiv">TSA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tierstimmen.org/en/database?field_spec_species_target_id_selective=5599">5599</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=159090">159090</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Xeno-canto" title="Xeno-canto">Xeno-canto</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://xeno-canto.org/species/Cygnus-olor">Cygnus-olor</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25402#identifiers" title="Edit this at 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