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Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_Aston" title="Louise Aston – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Louise Aston" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="لويز أستون – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لويز أستون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_Aston" title="Louise Aston – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Louise Aston" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_Aston" title="Louise Aston – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Louise Aston" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_Aston" title="Louise Aston – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Louise Aston" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_Aston" title="Louise Aston – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Louise Aston" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%A1_%D4%B1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Լուիզա Աստոն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լուիզա Աստոն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_Aston" title="Louise Aston – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Louise Aston" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BA" title="ലൂയിസ് ആസ്റ്റൺ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലൂയിസ് ആസ്റ്റൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="لويز استون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لويز استون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_Aston" title="Louise Aston – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Louise Aston" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD,_%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0" title="Астон, Луиза – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Астон, Луиза" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_Aston" title="Louise Aston – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Luise+Aston%22">"Luise Aston"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Luise+Aston%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Luise+Aston%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Luise+Aston%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Luise+Aston%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Luise+Aston%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Louise_Aston,_by_Johann_Baptist_Reiter.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Louise_Aston%2C_by_Johann_Baptist_Reiter.jpg/220px-Louise_Aston%2C_by_Johann_Baptist_Reiter.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Louise_Aston%2C_by_Johann_Baptist_Reiter.jpg/330px-Louise_Aston%2C_by_Johann_Baptist_Reiter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Louise_Aston%2C_by_Johann_Baptist_Reiter.jpg/440px-Louise_Aston%2C_by_Johann_Baptist_Reiter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2368" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Luise Aston</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Louise_Aston.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Louise_Aston.jpg/220px-Louise_Aston.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="373" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Louise_Aston.jpg/330px-Louise_Aston.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Louise_Aston.jpg/440px-Louise_Aston.jpg 2x" data-file-width="527" data-file-height="893" /></a><figcaption>Luise Aston</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Luise Aston</b> or <b>Louise Aston</b> (26 November 1814 – 21 December 1871) was a German author and <a href="/wiki/Feminist" class="mw-redirect" title="Feminist">feminist</a>, who championed the <a href="/wiki/Rights_of_women" class="mw-redirect" title="Rights of women">rights of women</a>, and was known for dressing in male attire.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was an advocate of <a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">democracy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Free_love" title="Free love">free love</a>, and sexuality. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luise_Aston&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Luise Hoche was born on 26 November 1814, in Gröningen,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the daughter of the theologian <a href="/wiki/Johann_Gottfried_Hoche" title="Johann Gottfried Hoche">Johann Gottfried Hoche</a>. She married Samuel Aston, a wealthy factory owner of English descent, in 1835. She was later to say that her father had forced her to marry. The spouses lived in Magdeburg, where she caused scandals in the local society. In 1839, was given a divorce in Berlin. The couple remarried and divorced a second time in 1844. After her second divorce she lived in Berlin with the poet <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Gottschall" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudolf Gottschall">Rudolf Gottschall</a>, befriended <a href="/wiki/Otto_von_Corvin" title="Otto von Corvin">Otto von Corvin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Max_Stirner" title="Max Stirner">Max Stirner</a> and walked around on the street smoking cigars dressed as a male.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>She was an atheist, a democrat, and a republican, and she criticized marriage. She also believed in love outside of marriage: as a woman was often forced to marry for money and she was economically dependent on her husband, she reasoned it was difficult to marry for love and to keep love in a marriage. Marriage under such circumstances was for these reasons a form of prostitution. The contemporary women's movement had similar views, but considered it dangerous to expose them for fear of being considered immoral.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Aston was therefore criticized by both the women's movement and the conservative society for different reasons because of her view that it should be allowed to have a sexual love relationship without being married. </p><p>She was called a whore, a shameless homewrecker, and a seductress by the press. She was watched by the secret police, who sent spies after her and read her letters. Finally, she was banished from Berlin in 1846 because her way of life was seen as threatening to conventional order: "I must leave Berlin within eight days because I have expressed and lived according to ideas who were dangerous for the conservative law and order."<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1848, she took part in the revolutionary wave in Germany. She served in the <a href="/wiki/Freikorps" title="Freikorps">Freikorps</a> in <a href="/wiki/Schleswig" class="mw-redirect" title="Schleswig">Schleswig</a> during the war.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>She was active within the democracy movement. She started a paper, which was stopped by the censorship authorities. She was expelled again but returned with a false passport. In 1850, she married the doctor Eduard Meier, with whom she became very happy. They moved to <a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a>. They were often harassed by the authorities as dangerous radicals.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Aston was watched by the police, who sent agents to her home and read her letters. Different cities in Germany collaborated in these efforts. Her spouse was head doctor and was much harassed and fired several times because of his marriage. He was forced to guarantee that she would not meet his patients or live in his quarters; he was also accused of having allowed an unmarried pregnant woman to remain in his employ and of having given her his care. At one occasion, he asked them this directly: "Is this an attempt to separate me from my wife?" and was given the answer: "Yes, that is correct."<sup id="cite_ref-Kyle_&_Krusenstjerna,_page._47_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kyle_&_Krusenstjerna,_page._47-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The police agent reported that she had few female friends, but many male ones, who often visited her and "had the appearance of democrats." She admitted to a police officer that she believed in democracy and republic: "At present, I view the cause of democracy to be lost. It would be madness to do anything now, but soon, there will be an opportunity to do so."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Her spouse had a wild rose carved upon her grave stone, and at his own, wrote, "The one God gave a woman, was given a treasure."<sup id="cite_ref-Kyle_&_Krusenstjerna,_page._47_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kyle_&_Krusenstjerna,_page._47-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Quote">Quote</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luise_Aston&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Quote"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <blockquote><p>"I have asked for permission to wear male attire so that I can hear the lectures at the university. I do not believe in God and I smoke cigars. My goal is to free the women even if it may cost me my heart's blood. I consider marriage immoral, because I do not believe that love can last within it."<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luise_Aston&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This list may be incomplete </p> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/sophpm_poetry/230/">Wilde Rosen</a></i>, 1846.</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/sophnf_nonfict/35/">Meine Emancipation, Verweisung und Rechtfertigung</a></i> [<i>My Emancipation, Reference and Justification</i>], 1846.</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/sophiefiction/8/">Aus dem Leben einer Frau</a></i>, 1847.</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/sophiefiction/9/">Lydia</a></i>, 1848.</li> <li><i>India</i> 1848.</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/sophnf_nonfict/5/">Revolution und Contrerevolution</a></i>, 1849.</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/sophpm_poetry/231/">Freischärler Reminiscenzen</a></i>, 1850.</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/sophpm_poetry/186/">Berlin am Abende des 12. November 1848</a></i>, 1991.</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/sophpm_poetry/217/">Lied einer schlesischen Weberin</a></i>, 1991.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luise_Aston&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Otto-Peters" title="Louise Otto-Peters">Louise Otto-Peters</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luise_Aston&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/20px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/40px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWood1907" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Wood_(encyclopaedist)" title="James Wood (encyclopaedist)">Wood, James</a>, ed. (1907). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Nuttall_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/A#Aston,_Luise" class="extiw" title="s:The Nuttall Encyclopædia/A">Aston, Luise</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/The_Nuttall_Encyclop%C3%A6dia" title="The Nuttall Encyclopædia">The Nuttall Encyclopædia</a></i>. London and New York: Frederick Warne.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Aston%2C+Luise&rft.btitle=The+Nuttall+Encyclop%C3%A6dia&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.pub=Frederick+Warne&rft.date=1907&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuise+Aston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHaag2002" class="citation book cs1">Haag, John (2002). "Aston, Luise (1814–1871)". In Commire, Anne (ed.). <i>Women in World History: A Biographical Encyclopedia</i>. Vol. 1. Waterford, Connecticut: Yorkin Publications. p. 565. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7876-4074-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-7876-4074-3"><bdi>0-7876-4074-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Aston%2C+Luise+%281814%E2%80%931871%29&rft.btitle=Women+in+World+History%3A+A+Biographical+Encyclopedia&rft.place=Waterford%2C+Connecticut&rft.pages=565&rft.pub=Yorkin+Publications&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=0-7876-4074-3&rft.aulast=Haag&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuise+Aston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ohio.edu/chastain/ac/aston.htm">"Aston, Louise"</a>. <i>ohio.edu</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ohio.edu&rft.atitle=Aston%2C+Louise&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ohio.edu%2Fchastain%2Fac%2Faston.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuise+Aston" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kyle & Krusenstjerna, page. 44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kyle_&_Krusenstjerna,_page._47-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kyle_&_Krusenstjerna,_page._47_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kyle_&_Krusenstjerna,_page._47_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kyle & Krusenstjerna, page. 47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Kyle & Krusenstjerna, page. 46.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li>Gunhild Kyle and Eva von Krusenstjerna: <i>Kvinnoprofiler</i> (Female profiles) (1993) Norstedts Tryckeri AB Stockholm <span class="languageicon">(in Swedish)</span></li> <li>Ludwig Julius Fränkel: "Meier, Luise". In <i>Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie</i>. Band 52, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1906, S. 294–296.</li> <li>Guido Heinrich: "Louise Aston". In <i><a href="/wiki/Magdeburger_Biographisches_Lexikon" title="Magdeburger Biographisches Lexikon">Magdeburger Biographisches Lexikon</a></i> 19. und 20. Jahrhundert. Scriptum, Magdeburg 2002, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-933046-49-1" title="Special:BookSources/3-933046-49-1">3-933046-49-1</a>.</li> <li>Elisabeth Heimpel: "Aston, Luise". In <i>Neue Deutsche Biographie</i> (NDB). Band 1, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1953, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-428-00182-6" title="Special:BookSources/3-428-00182-6">3-428-00182-6</a>, S. 423 (Numerized).</li> <li>Jenny Warnecke: "Die Eisenbahn: eine zugkräftige Metapher der Revolution von 1848 in Louise Astons Roman 'Revolution und Contrerevolution'", in: Christina Ujma: <i>Wege in die Moderne. Reiseliteratur von Schriftstellerinnen und Schriftstellern des Vormärz</i>. Bielefeld, 2009. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-89528-728-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-89528-728-2">978-3-89528-728-2</a></li> <li>Horst-Peter Wolff: "ASTON, Luise". In: Horst-Peter Wolff (ed.): <i>Biographisches Lexikon zur Pflegegeschichte. „Who was who in nursing history.“</i> Volume 2. Urban & Fischer in Elsevier / Hpsmedia, Hungen 2001, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-437-26670-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-437-26670-6">978-3-437-26670-6</a>, S. 6</li> <li>Björn Weyand: "Gespenster und Intrigennetze. Alternative Geschichtsnarration, Zeitkonstruktion und revolutionärer Geister-Diskurs in Louise Astons 'Revolution und Conterrevolution'" (1849). In: Robert Seidel u. Bernd Zegowitz (ed.): <i>Literatur im Umfeld der Frankfurter Paulskirche 1848/49</i>. Aisthesis, Bielefeld 2013, S. 191–210.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luise_Aston&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Aston%2C%20Luise%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Luise%20Aston%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Aston%2C%20Luise%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Luise%20Aston%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Aston%2C%20L%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Luise%20Aston%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Aston%2C%20Luise%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Luise%20Aston%22%29%20OR%20%28%221814-1871%22%20AND%20Aston%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Luise Aston</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118650769">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n84805638">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12653287p">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12653287p">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070298408">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810552319205606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span 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data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>13 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet 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