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Goties - Wikipedia
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class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Goties</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 94 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-94" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">94 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%88%D3%99%D0%B0" title="Агот бызшәа – Abkasies" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Агот бызшәа" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkasies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_gotico" title="Idioma gotico – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma gotico" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotisc_spr%C7%A3c" title="Gotisc sprǣc – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Gotisc sprǣc" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اللغة القوطية – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة القوطية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%89" title="قوطى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قوطى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_g%C3%B3ticu" title="Idioma góticu – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Idioma góticu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qot_dili" title="Qot dili – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qot dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotische_Sproch" title="Gotische Sproch – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Gotische Sproch" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guotu_kalba" title="Guotu kalba – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Guotu kalba" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Гоцкая мова – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гоцкая мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Гоцкая мова – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гоцкая мова" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Готски език – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Готски език" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="গথিক ভাষা – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গথিক ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goteg" title="Goteg – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Goteg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B2tic_(llengua)" title="Gòtic (llengua) – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gòtic (llengua)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B3t%C5%A1tina" title="Gótština – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gótština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotheg" title="Gotheg – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gotheg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotisk_(sprog)" title="Gotisk (sprog) – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gotisk (sprog)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotische_Sprache" title="Gotische Sprache – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gotische Sprache" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BF%CF%84%CE%B8%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Γοτθική γλώσσα – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γοτθική γλώσσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_language" title="Gothic language – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Gothic language" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gota_lingvo" title="Gota lingvo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gota lingvo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_g%C3%B3tico" title="Idioma gótico – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Idioma gótico" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gooti_keel" title="Gooti keel – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gooti keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotiko_(hizkuntza)" title="Gotiko (hizkuntza) – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Gotiko (hizkuntza)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="زبان گوتی – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان گوتی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gootin_kieli" title="Gootin kieli – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Gootin kieli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotiskt_m%C3%A1l" title="Gotiskt mál – Faroëes" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Gotiskt mál" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroëes" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotique" title="Gotique – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gotique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gootisk_(Spriik)" title="Gootisk (Spriik) – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Gootisk (Spriik)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goatysk" title="Goatysk – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Goatysk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_g%C3%B3tica" title="Lingua gótica – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua gótica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D8%A4%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="گؤتیک – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="گؤتیک" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B2%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%84%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B6%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%B0" title="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰 – Goties" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Goties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%AA" title="גותית – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גותית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="गोथिक भाषा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गोथिक भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotski_jezik" title="Gotski jezik – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gotski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B3t_nyelv" title="Gót nyelv – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gót nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%B8%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Գոթերեն – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գոթերեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Goth" title="Bahasa Goth – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Goth" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingue_gotic" title="Lingue gotic – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Lingue gotic" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotika_linguo" title="Gotika linguo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Gotika linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotneska" title="Gotneska – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Gotneska" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_gotica" title="Lingua gotica – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua gotica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B4%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E8%AA%9E" title="ゴート語 – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ゴート語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="გოთური ენა – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გოთური ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Gothik" title="Bahasa Gothik – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Bahasa Gothik" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AD%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B7%E0%B3%86" title="ಗಾತಿಕ್ ಭಾಷೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗಾತಿಕ್ ಭಾಷೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B3%A0%ED%8A%B8%EC%96%B4" title="고트어 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="고트어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%BA%D1%8B%D0%B2" title="Гот кыв – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Гот кыв" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothek" title="Gothek – Kornies" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Gothek" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Gothica" title="Lingua Gothica – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Gothica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goto_(lingua)" title="Goto (lingua) – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Goto (lingua)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotisch_(taol)" title="Gotisch (taol) – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Gotisch (taol)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Got%C5%B3_kalba" title="Gotų kalba – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gotų kalba" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotu_valoda" title="Gotu valoda – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Gotu valoda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_g%C3%B4tika" title="Fiteny gôtika – Malgassies" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny gôtika" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgassies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Готски јазик – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Готски јазик" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AD%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7" title="ഗോഥിക് ഭാഷ – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗോഥിക് ഭാഷ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="گوتیک – Masanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="گوتیک" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Masanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gootsche_Spraak" title="Gootsche Spraak – Nederduits" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Gootsche Spraak" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotisch" title="Gotisch – Nedersaksies" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Gotisch" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Nedersaksies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotisch_(taal)" title="Gotisch (taal) – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gotisch (taal)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotisk" title="Gotisk – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gotisk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotisk_(spr%C3%A5k)" title="Gotisk (språk) – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gotisk (språk)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotum" title="Gotum – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Gotum" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amanung_Gotiku" title="Amanung Gotiku – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Amanung Gotiku" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotico_(lenga)" title="Gotico (lenga) – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Gotico (lenga)" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingue_gotike" title="Lingue gotike – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Lingue gotike" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_gocki" title="Język gocki – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język gocki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_g%C3%B2tica" title="Lenga gòtica – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga gòtica" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_g%C3%B3tica" title="Língua gótica – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua gótica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_gotic%C4%83" title="Limba gotică – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba gotică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Готский язык – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Готский язык" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱜᱳᱛᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ – Santalies" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱜᱳᱛᱷᱤᱠ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santalies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_leid" title="Gothic leid – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Gothic leid" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotski_jezik" title="Gotski jezik – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gotski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gothic_language" title="Gothic language – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gothic language" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%B3t%C4%8Dina" title="Gótčina – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gótčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Got%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Gotščina – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Gotščina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Готски језик – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Готски језик" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotisk" title="Gotisk – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Gotisk" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gotiska" title="Gotiska – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gotiska" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF" title="கோதிக் மொழி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கோதிக் மொழி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goti_zyvon" title="Goti zyvon – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Goti zyvon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Got%C3%A7a" title="Gotça – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gotça" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Готська мова – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Готська мова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%AA%DA%BE%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="گوتھی زبان – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="گوتھی زبان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Got_tili" title="Got tili – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Got tili" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Goth" title="Tiếng Goth – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Goth" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E7%89%B9%E8%AF%AD" title="哥特语 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="哥特语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="გოთური ნინა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="გოთური ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E5%BE%B7%E8%AA%9E" title="哥德語 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="哥德語" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%87" title="哥德文 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="哥德文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q35722#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Goties" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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font-size:120%; color: black; background-color: #ACE1AF;">Goties <br />𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺 Gutisk </th></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Gepraat in: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Oium, Dakië, Pannonië, <a href="/wiki/Itali%C3%AB" title="Italië">Italië</a>, <a href="/wiki/Galli%C3%AB" title="Gallië">Gallië</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iberiese_Skiereiland" title="Iberiese Skiereiland">Hispania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krim" title="Krim">Krim</a>  </td></tr> <tr> <td style="top; padding-left: 0.5em;">Gebied: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Sentraal-Europa" title="Sentraal-Europa">Sentraal-Europa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Totale sprekers: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><i>uitgesterf</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Taalfamilie" title="Taalfamilie">Taalfamilie</a>: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em; text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Indo-Europese_tale" title="Indo-Europese tale">Indo-Europees</a><br /><span style="font-size:66%;"> </span><a href="/wiki/Germaanse_tale" title="Germaanse tale">Germaans</a><br /><span style="font-size:66%;">  </span><a href="/wiki/Oos-Germaanse_tale" title="Oos-Germaanse tale">Oos-Germaans</a><br /><span style="font-size:66%;">   </span><b>Goties</b>  </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;">Skrifstelsel: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/Latynse_alfabet" title="Latynse alfabet">Latynse alfabet</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: center; color: black; background-color: #ACE1AF;">Taalkodes </th></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-1" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO 639-1">ISO 639-1</a>: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><i>geen</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-2" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO 639-2">ISO 639-2</a>: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><code>got</code> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639-3" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO 639-3">ISO 639-3</a>: </td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.5em;"><code><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sil.org/iso639-3/documentation.asp?id=got">got</a></code> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" class="boilerplate metadata" style="line-height:10pt; padding:0.5em;"><small><b>Nota</b>: Hierdie bladsy kan IFA fonetiese simbole in Unicode bevat. </small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Goties</b> is die bekendste <a href="/wiki/Taal" title="Taal">taal</a> van die uitgestorwe <a href="/wiki/Oos-Germaanse_tale" title="Oos-Germaanse tale">Oos-Germaanse tak</a> van <a href="/wiki/Germaanse_tale" title="Germaanse tale">Germaanse tale</a>. Vroeër is Goties, as Oos-Germaanse taal, beskou as 'n vertakking van <a href="/wiki/Noord-Germaanse_tale" title="Noord-Germaanse tale">Noord-Germaans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Goties se bekendheid is te danke aan die Bybelvertaling van Wulfila, die oudste bekende lang Germaanse teks, in die <a href="/wiki/4de_eeu" title="4de eeu">4de eeu</a> n.C. Goties is belangrik vir die herbou van Oergermaans. Dit het waarskynlik êrens op die <a href="/wiki/Balkan" title="Balkan">Balkan</a> ontstaan. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Ambrosianus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Ambrosianus.jpg/220px-Ambrosianus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Ambrosianus.jpg/330px-Ambrosianus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Ambrosianus.jpg/440px-Ambrosianus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="842" data-file-height="946" /></a><figcaption>Bladsy van die Codex Ambrosianus B</figcaption></figure> <p>Verreweg die belangrikste bron van die Gotiese taal is die Bybelvertaling van Wulfila. 'n Groot deel hiervan het verlore gegaan. Meer as die helfte van die vertaalde Evangelies het egter bewaar gebly in die Codex Argenteus asook die Briewe van <a href="/wiki/Paulus_van_Tarsus" title="Paulus van Tarsus">Paulus</a> en een deel van <a href="/wiki/Nehemia" title="Nehemia">Nehemia</a>. Nog 'n belangrike Gotiese dokument is die Skeireins, wat kommentaar oor die Evangelie volgens Johannes lewer. Die Bybel van Wulfila gebruik 'n eiesoortige alfabet, die <a href="/wiki/Gotiese_alfabet" title="Gotiese alfabet">Gotiese alfabet</a>. </p><p>Bybelgoties het in die sterf 6de eeu n.C uitgesterf.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Krimgoties leef egter nog vir 'n tyd lank voort. Soos die ander Oos-Germaanse dialekte het ook Goties gou onder die <a href="/wiki/Antieke_Rome" title="Antieke Rome">Romeinse beskawing</a> begin agteruitgaan. Dit wil voorkom of daar in die ou <a href="/wiki/Moesia_Superior" title="Moesia Superior">Moesië</a>, waar Wulfila sy patriargale staat gestig het, nog tot in die 9de eeu gepreek is in Goties. </p><p>In die volkstale van <a href="/wiki/Itali%C3%AB" title="Italië">Italië</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanje" title="Spanje">Spanje</a> en <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a> het daar flou spore van Goties agtergebly. Die <a href="/wiki/Spaans" title="Spaans">Spaans</a>e woord vir <a href="/wiki/Gans" title="Gans">gans</a> is <i>ganso,</i> wat waarskynlik afkomstig is van die <a href="/wiki/Visigote" class="mw-redirect" title="Visigote">Visigote</a>, en die <a href="/wiki/Roemeens" title="Roemeens">Roemeense</a> <i>gâscă</i> het duidelike Germaanse ooreenkomste, in vergelyking met die <a href="/wiki/Latyn" title="Latyn">Latynse</a> 'ānser';<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (maar wel ook met die <a href="/wiki/Russies" title="Russies">Russiese</a> Гуси <i>gusi</i>, <a href="/wiki/Turks" title="Turks">Turkse</a> <i>kaz</i> en <a href="/wiki/Persies" title="Persies">Persiese</a> غاز <i>ghaz</i>). </p><p>'n Oos-Gotiese kolonie het tot in die 16de eeu aan die <a href="/wiki/Krim" title="Krim">Krim</a> voortbestaan, selfs nadat hierdie gedeelte in 1475 deur die Turke onderwerp is. Krimgoties is in die 16de eeu in 'n woordelys opgeteken deur die Vlaamse diplomaat Ogier Ghislain de Busbecq.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In daardie tyd was daar tagtig woorde en 'n liedjie aangetref by die mense wat hierdie taal nog magtig was.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dialekte het Visigoties (Wes-Goties) en Ostrogoties (Oos-Goties) ingesluit. Die Wes- en Oos-Gote was verwant aan die <a href="/wiki/Vandale" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandale">Vandale</a>. </p><p>In 2016 vind Russiese ondersoekers 'n kort Gotiese teks op brokstukke uitgekrap afkomstig uit 'n Middeleeuse kerk wat iewers tussen 850 en 950 dateer. Die twee versreëls uit Psalm 77 versoek hulp en lees: "Heer help u dienaar" (in Goties <i>Frauja hilp skalkis einis</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Daar word aangevoer dat die <a href="/wiki/Duits" title="Duits">Duitse</a> godsdiensleenwoorde <i>kerk</i>, <i>pinkster</i>, <i>doop</i> en <i>vas</i> uit Goties stam. Dit het deur die <a href="/wiki/Hoogduitse_tale" title="Hoogduitse tale">Hoogduitse</a> invloed in <a href="/wiki/Nederlands" title="Nederlands">Nederlands</a>-<a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a> beland.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Agtergrond">Agtergrond</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goties&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Agtergrond" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goties&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Agtergrond"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Germanic_tribes_(750BC-1AD).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Germanic_tribes_%28750BC-1AD%29.png/220px-Germanic_tribes_%28750BC-1AD%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Germanic_tribes_%28750BC-1AD%29.png/330px-Germanic_tribes_%28750BC-1AD%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Germanic_tribes_%28750BC-1AD%29.png/440px-Germanic_tribes_%28750BC-1AD%29.png 2x" data-file-width="537" data-file-height="376" /></a><figcaption>Die uitbreiding van die Germaanse stamme tussen 750 v.C. en 1 n.C. (volgens die <i>Penguin Atlas of World History</i> 1988): <span style="margin:0px;font-size:90%; display: block;"><span style="border:1px solid black;background-color:#f00;color:#f00;">██</span> Nedersettings voor 750 v.C.</span> <span style="margin:0px;font-size:90%; display: block;"><span style="border:1px solid black;background-color:#f84;color:#f84;">██</span> Nuwe nedersettings omtrent 500 v.C.</span> <span style="margin:0px;font-size:90%; display: block;"><span style="border:1px solid black;background-color:#ff0;color:#ff0;">██</span> Nuwe nedersettings omtrent 250 v.C.</span> <span style="margin:0px;font-size:90%; display: block;"><span style="border:1px solid black;background-color:#0f0;color:#0f0;">██</span> Nuwe nedersettings omtrent 1 n.C.</span></figcaption></figure> <p>Volgens die geskiedenisskrywer Jordanes het die Gote, luidens hul eie bewaarde stamsage, eendag onder Koning Berik uit hul <a href="/wiki/Skandinawi%C3%AB" title="Skandinawië">Skandinawiese</a> heimat oor die <a href="/wiki/Oossee" title="Oossee">Oossee</a> na die neder-<a href="/wiki/Vistula" title="Vistula">Weichsel</a> gevaar. Die naam het by sommige teoritici hierdie oorlewering bevestig, omdat dit 'n raakpunt toon met die eilandbewoners op <a href="/wiki/Gotland" title="Gotland">Gotland</a>, wat in die oudeilandse taal as die <i>Gotar</i> bekend gestaan het. </p><p>In hul nuwe tuiste aan die Weichselmonding het die Gote dalk wel van Pytheas van <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a> (4de eeu v.C.) geweet, indien 'n aanhaling uit sy reisverhaal by Plinius (Nat. hist. 37,35) inderdaad op die Gote betrekking het. By laasgenoemde skrywer, by Tacticus en <a href="/wiki/Ptolemeus" title="Ptolemeus">Ptolemeus</a>, word die volk ook volgens oorlewering verbind met die Oosseekuste. Wanneer die Gote se naam weer in die geskiedenis opduik, het hul tot tyd en wyl aan die <a href="/wiki/Swartsee" title="Swartsee">Swartsee</a> gewoon, vanaf die <a href="/wiki/Don" title="Don">Don</a> tot by die <a href="/wiki/Donau" title="Donau">Donaumonding</a>. Wanneer presies die trek daarheen plaasgevind het, is onbekend; gewoonlik word die begin van die landverhuising omtrent na die middel van die 2de eeu n.C. geskat, wanneer hulle die sogenaamde Markomanne-oorlog (166-180 n.C.) sou veroorsaak het. </p><p>Die rigting van hul trektog word deur 'n verklaring van Jordanes opgeteken wanneer hy skryf dat die Gote deur die vrugbare landskap Oium (= goties, <i>*aujom</i>), oftewel "Waterland", getrek het (in vermoedelik die Pripjat- of Swart Aarde (Tsjernosom)-gebied). Nadat hulle in hul nuwe woonplek aangekom het, trek hulle na hul plundertogte verder na Moesië, <a href="/wiki/Thraki%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Thrakië">Thrakië</a> en <a href="/wiki/Klein-Asi%C3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Klein-Asië">Klein-Asië</a>, waar hul gou weer slaags geraak het met die <a href="/wiki/Romeinse_Ryk" title="Romeinse Ryk">Romeinse Ryk</a> - spesifiek van die <a href="/wiki/Bisantynse_Ryk" title="Bisantynse Ryk">Oos-Romeinse heersers</a>. Eindelik word enkele Gote-dele binne die ryksgrense vasgestel, in Klein-Asië bekend as <i>Γοτϑογϱαῖχοι</i>, noord van die Donau en in die Provinsie Dakië. Ander Gote tree as soldate in diens van die Romeinse Ryk en veg as sodanig teen die <a href="/wiki/Perse" title="Perse">Perse</a> of word na <a href="/wiki/Egipte" title="Egipte">Egipte</a> in die garnisoen gestuur. </p><p>Die Gote by die Swartsee het uit twee hoofstamme bestaan, die Greutungi en Tervingi, of andersins bekend as die Oos- en Wes-Gote. Laasgenoemde tree weens geografiese ligging hoofsaaklik met die Romeine in wisselwerking en wyk grotendeels uit voor die <a href="/wiki/Hunne" title="Hunne">Hunnestorm</a> na die Balkanskiereiland. Terwyl die Oos-Gote deur Ermanarik verslaan is, het die Oos-Romeinse keiser <a href="/wiki/Valens" title="Valens">Valens</a> die asielsoekende Wes-Gote as bondgenote aanvaar (wat sodoende sy leër kon aanvul). </p><p>Die res van die Gote wat in die noorde van die Swartsee agtergebly het, verbind hul met die Germaanse stamme en bly voortaan behoue as die Krimgote en Tetraksitiese Gote (<i>Γότθοι oὶ Τετραξῖται</i>) op die Skiereiland van Taman tot teen die einde van die 18de eeu. Hulle word taalkundig gesproke eers onderwerp ná die Russiese herowering. </p><p>Oor die innerlike lewe van die Gote is min te wete; tog dui die heropbouings van hul eiesoortige kunsstyl dat hulle gou na hul nederlaag by die Swartsee onder die invloed van die Grieks-Skitiese kultuur gekom het. Op hul dierversieringskuns is twee duidelik herkenbare strominge te vinde: 'n noordelike stroming van die Noord-Germane en 'n suidelike stroming wat vanuit die Donauloop na die Kontinentaalgermane uitgebrei het. Dieselfde kultuurstroom is ook van toepassing op die oorskakeling van die skrif by die <a href="/wiki/Germane" title="Germane">Germane</a>, by wie dit eers as runeskrif in oefening kom. Heel waarskynlik kan die uitvind van die runealfabet onder die Gote toegeskryf word aan die invloed van die Griekse en Romeinse kultuur en alfabet.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lees_ook">Lees ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goties&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Lees ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goties&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Lees ook"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gotiese_grammatika" title="Gotiese grammatika">Gotiese grammatika</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goties&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goties&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Edith_H._Raidt" class="mw-redirect" title="Edith H. Raidt">Raidt, E.H.</a> 1976. <i>Afrikaans en sy Europese verlede: Van Tacitus tot Van Wyk Louw</i>. Elsiesrivier: Nasou Beperk, bl. 3: <i>Op grond van taalkundige, etnografiese en argeologiese studies het dit duidelik geword dat Oos-Germaans (wat Goties insluit) eintlik 'n vertakking van Noord-Germaans is. Daarom is 'n indeling in Noord-Germaans en Suid-Germaans vir die tyd voor Christus korrekter.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/F.F._Odendal" title="F.F. Odendal">Odendal, F.F.</a> s.j. <i>Aspekte van taal</i>. Elsiesrivier: Nasou Beperk, bl. 29: <i>Die Goties van die Bybelvertaling van Wulfila het in die 6de eeu n.C. opgehou om te bestaan (die verwante Krimgoties is in die 16de eeu nog opgeteken, maar word nie meer gepraat nie)</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etymologiebank.nl/trefwoord/gans1">etymologiebank.nl gans (zwemvogel)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/H.J.J.M._van_der_Merwe" title="H.J.J.M. van der Merwe">H.J.J.M. van der Merwe</a>. 1965. <i>Goties: kommentaar en annotasies</i> Pretoria: Unisa.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0">5,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-1">5,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nrc.nl/handelsblad/2016/05/06/late-gotische-graffiti-gevonden-op-de-krim-1618578">Van Maris, B. 2016. Late Gotische graffiti gevonden op de Krim; nrc.nl: 6 mei</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Ponelis" title="Fritz Ponelis">Ponelis, F.A.</a> 1989. Nederlands-Afrikaans: die Europese agtergrond van Afrikaans. In: Botha, T.J.R. (red). <i>Inleiding tot die Afrikaanse taalkunde</i>. Tweede, hersiene uitgawe. Kaapstad: Academica, bl. 50-51: <i>Die woorde</i> kerk, pinkster, doop<i> en </i>vas<i> het uit Hoogduits in Nederlands-Afrikaans oorgegaan ... Hulle stam uit die sfeer van die Gotiese Christendom (die <a href="/wiki/Arianisme" title="Arianisme">Arianisme</a>). Teen 400 n.C. was daar betrekkinge tussen die Beiere in Suid-Duitsland en die ryk van die magtige Gotiese vors Theodorik die Grote verder oos van die Donou langs. Vanuit die Beierse kerksentrum Salzburg het die betrokke woorde toe uiteindelik in Nederlands-Afrikaans beland.</i>Kerk<i> en </i>pinkster<i> stam uit die Grieks </i>kyrikón<i> en </i>pentekoste<i> (vyftigste dag na pase) onderskeidelik. (Grieks was naamlik vir die Gote as godsdienstaal nog belangriker as Latyn.) </i>Doop<i> en </i>vas<i> is eg Germaanse woorde, maar leenvertalings (leenuitbreidings). </i>Doop<i> het oorspronklik beteken </i>indoop<i>, met ander woorde </i>onderdompeling<i>, en hou verband met </i>diep<i>. Hierdie woord staan dus duidelik uit die Goties-Ariaanse sfeer, waarbinne die grootdoop aangehang is. </i>Vas<i>, oorspronklik "in ag neem, vashou", is 'n leenvertaling van Latyn </i>observare<i> "in ag neem, vas".</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/einfhrungindas00feis">Feist, Sigmund. 1922. <i>Einführung in das Gotische: Texte mit Übersetzungen und Erläuterungen</i>. Berlin: B.G. Teubner. bl. 1-2.</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goties&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Goties&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9; width: 250px; padding: 4px; spacing: 0px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikipedia"><img alt="Wikipedia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/50px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/75px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/100px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a><figcaption>Wikipedia</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 70px;">Sien gerus <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> se uitgawe in <i><b><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="got:">Goties</a></b></i> </div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikimedia Commons logo"><img alt="Wikimedia Commons logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> het meer media in die kategorie <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gothic_language" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Gothic language">Goties</a>.</li></ul> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Wiktionary_small.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/12px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/24px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikiwoordeboek" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikiwoordeboek">Wikiwoordeboek</a> het 'n inskrywing vir <a href="https://af.wiktionary.org/wiki/Goties" class="extiw" title="wikt:Goties">Goties</a>.</li> <li><i><a class="external text" href="https://nl.wikibooks.org/wiki/Gotisch">Gotisch</a></i> - Nederlandstalige kursus in Goties by Wikiboeke</li></ul> <table style="margin: 1em auto; clear:both; text-align:center;" align="center" class="toccolours" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#9999CC;"><a href="/wiki/Indo-Europese_tale" title="Indo-Europese tale">Indo-Europese tale</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kentum-tale" title="Kentum-tale">Kentum-tale</a>: <i><b><a href="/wiki/Germaanse_tale" title="Germaanse tale">Germaanse tale</a></b></i> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#ccccff;"><b><a href="/wiki/Noord-Germaanse_tale" title="Noord-Germaanse tale">Noord-Germaanse tale</a>:</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/Deens" title="Deens">Deens</a> | <a href="/wiki/Faro%C3%ABes" title="Faroëes">Faroëes</a> | <a href="/wiki/Noors" title="Noors">Noors</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Bokm%C3%A5l" title="Bokmål">Bokmål</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nynorsk" title="Nynorsk">Nynorsk</a></small>) | <a href="/wiki/Sweeds" title="Sweeds">Sweeds</a> | <a href="/wiki/Yslands" title="Yslands">Yslands</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#ccccff;"><a href="/wiki/Wes-Germaanse_tale" title="Wes-Germaanse tale">Wes-Germaanse tale</a>: </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a> | <a href="/wiki/Duits" title="Duits">Duits</a> | <a href="/wiki/Engels" title="Engels">Engels</a> | <a href="/wiki/Fries" title="Fries">Fries</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Noord-Fries" title="Noord-Fries">Noord-Fries</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oos-Fries" title="Oos-Fries">Oos-Fries</a>/<a href="/wiki/Saterfries" title="Saterfries">Saterfries</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wes-Fries" title="Wes-Fries">Wes-Fries</a></small>) | <a href="/wiki/Jiddisj" title="Jiddisj">Jiddisj</a> | <a href="/wiki/Limburgs" title="Limburgs">Limburgs</a> | <a href="/wiki/Luxemburgs" title="Luxemburgs">Luxemburgs</a> | <a href="/wiki/Nederduits" title="Nederduits">Nederduits</a> | <a href="/wiki/Nederlands" title="Nederlands">Nederlands</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Oos-Vlaams" title="Oos-Vlaams">Oos-Vlaams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wes-Vlaams" title="Wes-Vlaams">Wes-Vlaams</a></small>) | <a href="/wiki/Nedersaksies" title="Nedersaksies">Nedersaksies</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Wes-Veluws" title="Wes-Veluws">Wes-Veluws</a></small>) | <a href="/wiki/Skots" title="Skots">Skots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background:#ccccff;"><a href="/wiki/Oos-Germaanse_tale" title="Oos-Germaanse tale">Oos-Germaanse tale</a>: </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3" style="font-size: 90%;"><a href="/wiki/Boergondies" title="Boergondies">Boergondies</a> (†) | <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Goties</a> (†) | <a href="/wiki/Vandaals" title="Vandaals">Vandaals</a> (†) </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35722&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35722&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hulp:Normdata" title="Hulp:Normdata">Normdata</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35722" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_de_France" title="Bibliothèque nationale de France">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11939938t">cb11939938t</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11939938t">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4123303-7">4123303-7</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85055993">sh85055993</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Diet_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="National Diet Library">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00575702">00575702</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_the_Czech_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of the Czech Republic">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph120632&CON_LNG=ENG">ph120632</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐864bbfd546‐cp6ck Cached time: 20241129211856 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.126 seconds Real time usage: 0.188 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1370/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 12108/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1247/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 11/100 Expensive parser function count: 6/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 4910/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.032/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 1281575/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- 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