CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="mt" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Minaret ta' Jam - Wikipedija</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )mtwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","Jannar","Frar","Marzu","April","Mejju","Ġunju","Lulju","Awwissu","Settembru","Ottubru","Novembru","Diċembru"],"wgRequestId":"538557a2-b9b9-4588-956a-1498cfa8d746","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Minaret_ta'_Jam","wgTitle":"Minaret ta' Jam","wgCurRevisionId":314448,"wgRevisionId":314448,"wgArticleId":31134,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Sorsi CS1 bl-Ingliż (en)","Siti ta' Wirt Dinji Kulturali","Iżlam","Siti arkeoloġiċi","Monumenti","Afganistan","Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fl-Afganistan"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"mt","wgPageContentLanguage":"mt","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Minaret_ta'_Jam","wgRelevantArticleId":31134,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true, "wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"mt","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"mt"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q192981","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.0"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles": "ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions", "wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=mt&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=mt&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=mt&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Minaret_of_jam_2009_ghor.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1602"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Minaret_of_jam_2009_ghor.jpg/800px-Minaret_of_jam_2009_ghor.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1068"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Minaret_of_jam_2009_ghor.jpg/640px-Minaret_of_jam_2009_ghor.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="854"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Minaret ta' Jam - Wikipedija"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//mt.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minaret_ta%27_Jam"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Editja" href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedija (mt)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//mt.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minaret_ta%27_Jam"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.mt"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Feed Atom ta' Wikipedija" href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:TibdilRi%C4%8Benti&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Minaret_ta_Jam rootpage-Minaret_ta_Jam skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Aqbeż għall-kontentut</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sit"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu prinċipali" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu prinċipali</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu prinċipali</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">mexxi għall-ġenb</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">aħbi</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigazzjoni </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Il-Pa%C4%A1na_prin%C4%8Bipali" title="Żur il-paġna prinċipali [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Il-Paġna prinċipali</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:TibdilRi%C4%8Benti" title="Lista tal-bidliet riċenti fil-wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Bidliet riċenti</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:Pa%C4%A1naKwalunkwe" title="Uri paġna kwalunkwe [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Paġna kwalunkwe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-community" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-community" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunità </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/About-url" title="Kun af aktar fuq il-Wikipedija"><span>Dwar il-Wikipedija</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Kuntatt" title="Kif tagħmel kuntatt mal-Wikipedija"><span>Kuntatt</span></a></li><li id="n-Avvenimenti-riċenti" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:L-a%C4%A7%C4%A7ar_a%C4%A7barijiet"><span>Avvenimenti riċenti</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Pjazza" title="Iddiskuti fuq il-Wikipedija"><span>Pjazza</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Gwida fuq kif tuża' u timmodifika 'l-Wikipedija"><span>Għajnuna</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Il-Pa%C4%A1na_prin%C4%8Bipali" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedija" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-mt.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="L-enċiklopedija l-ħielsa" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-mt.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:Fittex" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Fittex fis-sit: Wikipedija [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Fittex</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Fittex fis-sit: Wikipedija" aria-label="Fittex fis-sit: Wikipedija" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Fittex fis-sit: Wikipedija [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Speċjali:Fittex"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Fittex</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Għodda personali"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Dehra"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Dehra" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Dehra</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_mt.wikipedia.org&uselang=mt" class=""><span>Donazzjonijiet</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:O%C4%A7loqKont&returnto=Minaret+ta%27+Jam" title="Nagħtuk parir toħloq kont u tidħol fih; però dan mhux obligatorju." class=""><span>Oħloq kont</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:UtentD%C4%A7ul&returnto=Minaret+ta%27+Jam" title="Inħeġġuk tidħol fil-kont tiegħek, għalkemm dan mhux obbligatorju [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Idħol</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Aktar għażliet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Għodda personali" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Għodda personali</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_mt.wikipedia.org&uselang=mt"><span>Donazzjonijiet</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:O%C4%A7loqKont&returnto=Minaret+ta%27+Jam" title="Nagħtuk parir toħloq kont u tidħol fih; però dan mhux obligatorju."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Oħloq kont</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:UtentD%C4%A7ul&returnto=Minaret+ta%27+Jam" title="Inħeġġuk tidħol fil-kont tiegħek, għalkemm dan mhux obbligatorju [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Idħol</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Il-paġni għal edituri anonimi <a href="/wiki/G%C4%A7ajnuna:Introduction" aria-label="Tgħallem iktar dwar kif timmodifika"><span>kun af aktar</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:KontribuzzjonijietTieg%C4%A7i" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribuzzjonijiet</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:DiskussjonijietTieg%C4%A7i" title="Diskussjoni dwar il-modifiki magħmula minn dan l-indirizz tal-IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussjoni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eaħbi\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"mt\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"plainlinks\" style=\"background:white;width:100%; padding: 0.5ex; margin: 0 0 5px;font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, \u0026#39;Segoe UI\u0026#39;, Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif, \u0026#39;Apple Color Emoji\u0026#39;, \u0026#39;Segoe UI Emoji\u0026#39;, \u0026#39;Segoe UI Symbol\u0026#39;; text-align: center; font-size: 16pt; color: grey\"\u003E\u003Cp style=\"font-size: 10.5pt\"\u003EŻomm ruħek aġġornat mal-attivitajiet ta' \u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"http://www.wikimalta.org\"\u003E\u003Cspan style=\"color:#3b5998; font-weight:bolder;\"\u003EWikimedia Community Malta\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/a\u003E, għaqda bl-għan li tgħin fit-titjib tal-Wikipedija Maltija.\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"clear: both;\"\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sit"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Kontenut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kontenut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mexxi għall-ġenb</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">aħbi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Bidu</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimoloġija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimoloġija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimoloġija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimoloġija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deskrizzjoni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deskrizzjoni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Deskrizzjoni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deskrizzjoni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Storja" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Storja"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Storja</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Storja-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Uri jew aħbi s-sottosezzjoni Storja</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Storja-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Terremot_tal-2022" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Terremot_tal-2022"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Terremot tal-2022</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Terremot_tal-2022-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sit_ta'_Wirt_Dinji" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sit_ta'_Wirt_Dinji"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Sit ta' Wirt Dinji</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sit_ta'_Wirt_Dinji-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kontenut_kalligrafiku" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kontenut_kalligrafiku"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Kontenut kalligrafiku</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kontenut_kalligrafiku-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theddidiet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theddidiet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Theddidiet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theddidiet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Konservazzjoni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konservazzjoni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Konservazzjoni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konservazzjoni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallerija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallerija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Gallerija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallerija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iktar_qari" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iktar_qari"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Iktar qari</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iktar_qari-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenzi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenzi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Referenzi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenzi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kontenut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aħbi jew uri l-werrej" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aħbi jew uri l-werrej</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Minaret ta' Jam</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Żur artiklu f'lingwa differenti. Disponibbli fi 69 lingwi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 lingwi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A6%D8%B0%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85" title="مئذنة جام – Għarbi" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مئذنة جام" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Għarbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cam_minar%C9%99si" title="Cam minarəsi – Ażerbajġani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Cam minarəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Ażerbajġani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%82" title="Джамскі мінарэт – Belarussu" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джамскі мінарэт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Джамско минаре – Bulgaru" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Джамско минаре" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="জামের মিনার – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জামের মিনার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEamska_munara" title="Džamska munara – Bożnijaku" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Džamska munara" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bożnijaku" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minaret_de_Jam" title="Minaret de Jam – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Minaret de Jam" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minaret_D%C5%BE%C3%A1m" title="Minaret Džám – Ċek" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Minaret Džám" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Ċek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minareten_i_Jam" title="Minareten i Jam – Daniż" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Minareten i Jam" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Daniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minaret_of_Jam" title="Minaret of Jam – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Minaret of Jam" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minarett_von_Dsch%C4%81m" title="Minarett von Dschām – Ġermaniż" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Minarett von Dschām" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Ġermaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%82_%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%BC" title="Μιναρές Τζαμ – Grieg" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μιναρές Τζαμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minaret_of_Jam" title="Minaret of Jam – Ingliż" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Minaret of Jam" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Ingliż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minareto_de_%C4%9Cam" title="Minareto de Ĝam – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Minareto de Ĝam" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minarete_de_Jam" title="Minarete de Jam – Spanjol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Minarete de Jam" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanjol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%81mi_minarett" title="Jāmi minarett – Estonjan" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jāmi minarett" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamgo_minaretea" title="Jamgo minaretea – Bask" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Jamgo minaretea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Bask" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85" title="منار جام – Persjan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="منار جام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fat mw-list-item"><a href="https://fat.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jam_Minar%C9%9Btse" title="Jam Minarɛtse – Fanti" lang="fat" hreflang="fat" data-title="Jam Minarɛtse" data-language-autonym="Mfantse" data-language-local-name="Fanti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mfantse</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamin_minareetti" title="Jamin minareetti – Finlandiż" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jamin minareetti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dj%C3%A2m" title="Djâm – Franċiż" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Djâm" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Franċiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minarete_de_Jam" title="Minarete de Jam – Galiċjan" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Minarete de Jam" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galiċjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gur mw-list-item"><a href="https://gur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minaret_of_Jam" title="Minaret of Jam – Frafra" lang="gur" hreflang="gur" data-title="Minaret of Jam" data-language-autonym="Farefare" data-language-local-name="Frafra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Farefare</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%91%D7%92%27%D7%90%D7%9D" title="המינרט בג'אם – Ebrajk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המינרט בג'אם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ebrajk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0-%E0%A4%8F-%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="मीनार-ए-जाम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मीनार-ए-जाम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEam" title="Džam – Kroat" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Džam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dzsam_minaretje" title="Dzsam minaretje – Ungeriż" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Dzsam minaretje" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungeriż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Situs_Jam" title="Situs Jam – Indoneżjan" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Situs Jam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indoneżjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minareto_di_Jam" title="Minareto di Jam – Taljan" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Minareto di Jam" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Taljan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A0%E3%81%AE%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8A%E3%83%AC%E3%83%83%E3%83%88" title="ジャームのミナレット – Ġappuniż" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ジャームのミナレット" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Ġappuniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minar%C3%A8t_ing_Jam" title="Minarèt ing Jam – Ġavaniż" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Minarèt ing Jam" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Ġavaniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98" title="ჯამის მინარეთი – Ġorġjan" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯამის მინარეთი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Ġorġjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%96%8C%EC%9D%98_%EC%B2%A8%ED%83%91" title="얌의 첨탑 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="얌의 첨탑" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEamo_minaretas" title="Džamo minaretas – Litwan" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Džamo minaretas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litwan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BE%C4%81mas_minarets" title="Džāmas minarets – Latvjan" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Džāmas minarets" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="जाम मिनार – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="जाम मिनार" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%8F%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Минаре Џем – Maċedonjan" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Минаре Џем" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Maċedonjan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82" title="മിനറെറ്റ് ഓഫ് ജാം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മിനറെറ്റ് ഓഫ് ജാം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Жамийн минарет – Mongoljan" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Жамийн минарет" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongoljan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menara_Jam" title="Menara Jam – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Menara Jam" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AD_%E1%80%97%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE%E1%80%99%E1%80%BB%E1%80%BE%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ဂျမ်ရှိ ဗလီမျှော်စင် – Burmiż" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဂျမ်ရှိ ဗလီမျှော်စင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE" title="जामको मिनार र पुरातात्विक सम्पदा – Nepaliż" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="जामको मिनार र पुरातात्विक सम्पदा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepaliż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jam_(Afghanistan)" title="Jam (Afghanistan) – Olandiż" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Jam (Afghanistan)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Olandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minareten_i_Jam" title="Minareten i Jam – Ninorsk Norveġiż" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Minareten i Jam" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Ninorsk Norveġiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minareten_i_Jam" title="Minareten i Jam – Bokmal Norveġiż" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Minareten i Jam" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norveġiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djam" title="Djam – Oċċitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Djam" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oċċitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%AE_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0" title="ਜਮ ਮੀਨਾਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜਮ ਮੀਨਾਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minaret_w_D%C5%BCam" title="Minaret w Dżam – Pollakk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Minaret w Dżam" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pollakk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="جام مینار – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="جام مینار" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85" title="منار جام – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="منار جام" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minarete_de_Jam" title="Minarete de Jam – Portugiż" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Minarete de Jam" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Джамский минарет – Russu" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Джамский минарет" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minaret_o_Jam" title="Minaret o Jam – Skoċċiż" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Minaret o Jam" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skoċċiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BEamski_minaret" title="Džamski minaret – Serbo-Kroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Džamski minaret" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BE%C3%A1msky_minaret" title="Džámsky minaret – Slovakk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Džámsky minaret" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovakk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%8F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Џамски минарет – Serb" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Џамски минарет" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serb" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minareten_och_fornl%C3%A4mningarna_i_Jam" title="Minareten och fornlämningarna i Jam – Żvediż" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Minareten och fornlämningarna i Jam" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Żvediż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="ஜாம் மினார் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஜாம் மினார்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1" title="หออะซานแห่งญาม – Tajlandiż" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หออะซานแห่งญาม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tajlandiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cam_Minaresi" title="Cam Minaresi – Tork" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cam Minaresi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tork" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minaret_a_%C9%9Bw%C9%94_Jam" title="Minaret a ɛwɔ Jam – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Minaret a ɛwɔ Jam" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Джамський мінарет – Ukren" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джамський мінарет" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukren" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85" title="مینار جام – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مینار جام" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jom_minorasi" title="Jom minorasi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Jom minorasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A1p_gi%C3%A1o_%C4%91%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng_%E1%BB%9F_Jam" title="Tháp giáo đường ở Jam – Vjetnamiż" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tháp giáo đường ở Jam" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vjetnamiż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minaret_han_Jam" title="Minaret han Jam – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Minaret han Jam" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E5%A7%86%E5%B0%96%E5%A1%94" title="贾姆尖塔 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="贾姆尖塔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B4%BE%E5%A7%86%E5%B0%96%E5%A1%94" title="贾姆尖塔 – Ċiniż" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="贾姆尖塔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Ċiniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%A7%86%E5%9B%9E%E6%95%99%E5%AF%BA%E9%99%A2%E5%B0%96%E5%A1%94" title="查姆回教寺院尖塔 – Kantoniż" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="查姆回教寺院尖塔" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantoniż" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q192981#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Immodifika l-ħoloq interlingwi" class="wbc-editpage">Immodifika l-ħoloq</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spazji tal-isem"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Minaret_ta%27_Jam" title="Uri l-paġna ta' kontenut [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Paġna</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskussjoni:Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskussjoni dwar il-paġna ta' kontenut (il-paġna ma teżistix) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussjoni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Biddel il-varjant tal-lingwa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Malti</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visti"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Minaret_ta%27_Jam"><span>Aqra</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&veaction=edit" title="Immodifika din il-paġna [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editja</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Immodifika s-sors</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=history" title="Verżjonijiet preċedenti ta' din il-paġna [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ara l-kronoloġija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Għodda tal-paġna"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Għodda" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Għodda</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Għodda</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mexxi għall-ġenb</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">aħbi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Azzjonijiet </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Minaret_ta%27_Jam"><span>Aqra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&veaction=edit" title="Immodifika din il-paġna [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editja</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Immodifika s-sors</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=history"><span>Ara l-kronoloġija</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ġenerali </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:XiJwassalHawn/Minaret_ta%27_Jam" title="Lista tal-paġni tal-wiki kollha li jwasslu hawn [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Li jwasslu 'l hawn</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:TibdilRelatat/Minaret_ta%27_Jam" rel="nofollow" title="Modifiki riċenti f'paġni b'ħolqa minn din il-paġna [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Tibdil relatat</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=mt" title="Tella' fajls [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Tella' fajl</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:Pa%C4%A1niSpe%C4%8Bjali" title="Lista tal-paġni speċjali kollha [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Paġni speċjali</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&oldid=314448" title="Ħolqa permanenti għal din il-verżjoni tal-paġna"><span>Ħolqa permanenti</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=info" title="Aktar informazzjoni fuq din il-paġna"><span>Informazzjoni fuq il-paġna</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:I%C4%8B%C4%8Bita&page=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&id=314448&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informazzjoni fuq kif tiċċita din il-paġna"><span>Iċċita dan l-artiklu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMinaret_ta%2527_Jam"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMinaret_ta%2527_Jam"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ipprintja/esporta </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:Ktieb&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Minaret+ta%27+Jam"><span>Oħloq ktieb</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spe%C4%8Bjali:DownloadAsPdf&page=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=show-download-screen"><span>Niżżel bħala PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&printable=yes" title="Verżjoni tal-ipprintjar ta' din il-paġna [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verżjoni għall-ipprintjar</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Fi proġetti oħra </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Minaret_and_archaeological_remains_of_Jam" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q192981" title="Ħolqa għall-element konness tal-arkivju tad-dejta [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element ta' Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Għodda tal-paġna"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Dehra"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Dehra</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mexxi għall-ġenb</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">aħbi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Minn Wikipedija, l-enċiklopedija l-ħielsa</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="mt" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Minaret_of_jam_2009_ghor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Minaret_of_jam_2009_ghor.jpg/220px-Minaret_of_jam_2009_ghor.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Minaret_of_jam_2009_ghor.jpg/330px-Minaret_of_jam_2009_ghor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Minaret_of_jam_2009_ghor.jpg/440px-Minaret_of_jam_2009_ghor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="824" data-file-height="1100" /></a><figcaption>Il-Minaret ta' Jam.</figcaption></figure> <p>Il-<b>Minaret ta' Jam</b> huwa <a href="/wiki/Sit_ta%27_Wirt_Dinji" title="Sit ta' Wirt Dinji">Sit ta' Wirt Dinji</a> tal-<a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> fil-Punent tal-<a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganistan</a>. Jinsab f'reġjun remot u kważi inaċċessibbli tad-Distrett ta' Shahrak fil-Provinċja ta' Ghor, qrib ix-xmara Hari. Il-minaret għoli 62 <a href="/wiki/Metru" title="Metru">metru</a> (203 pied) jew 65 metru (213-il pied) inbena għall-ħabta tal-1190 u huwa magħmul kompletament minn brikks moħmija. Huwa famuż għat-tiżjin elaborat tal-brikks, tal-istukko u tal-madum igglejżjat, li jikkonsisti minn strixxi li jalternaw ta' kalligrafija Kufika u Naskhi, disinni <a href="/wiki/%C4%A0eometrija" title="Ġeometrija">ġeometriċi</a>, u versi mill-<a href="/wiki/Koran" title="Koran">Koran</a>. Mill-2002, il-minaret iddaħħal fil-lista tas-siti fil-periklu, minħabba t-theddida serja tal-erożjoni u peress li ma ġiex ippreservat b'mod attiv. Fl-2014, il-BBC irrapportaw li t-torri kien jinsab f'periklu imminenti li jaqa'. </p><p>Fl-2020, il-Minaret ta' Jam tniżżel fost is-siti ta' wirt <a href="/wiki/Kultura" title="Kultura">kulturali</a> tad-dinja <a href="/wiki/I%C5%BClam" title="Iżlam">Iżlamika</a> mill-Organizzazzjoni Iżlamika <a href="/wiki/Edukazzjoni" title="Edukazzjoni">Edukattiva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xjenza" title="Xjenza">Xjentifika</a> u Kulturali Dinjija (ICESCO). Skont il-Ministeru Afgan għall-Affarijiet Barranin, il-Minaret ta' Jam huwa l-ewwel sit ta' wirt kulturali tal-Afganistan li tniżżel mill-ICESCO. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimoloġija"><span id="Etimolo.C4.A1ija"></span><a href="/wiki/Etimolo%C4%A1ija" title="Etimoloġija">Etimoloġija</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Etimoloġija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Etimoloġija"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il-kelma "minaret" ġejja mill-<a href="/wiki/Lingwa_G%C4%A7arbija" title="Lingwa Għarbija">Għarbi</a> (منارة) u normalment tfisser torri qrib moskea li minnu l-muezzin isejjaħ lill-fidili għat-talb. Madankollu tfisser ukoll fanal u għandha tifsiriet oħra. F'dan il-każ tintuża għall-ewwel tifsira. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deskrizzjoni">Deskrizzjoni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Deskrizzjoni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Deskrizzjoni"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il-Minaret ta' Jam x'aktarx li jinsab fis-sit tal-<a href="/wiki/Belt_kapitali" title="Belt kapitali">belt kapitali</a> tad-dinastija <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guridi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guridi (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Gurida</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Firozkoh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Firozkoh (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Firozkoh</a>. </p><p>Il-minaret ċirkolari jserraħ fuq bażi ottagonali; kellu żewġ gallariji tal-<a href="/wiki/Injam" title="Injam">injam</a> u fuq nett kellu lanterna. Il-preżentazzjoni formali tiegħu tixbah ħafna lill-minareti ta' <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghazni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghazni (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ghazni</a> li nbnew minn <a href="/w/index.php?title=Masud_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masud III (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Masud III</a>. Huwa maħsub li ispira direttament il-<a href="/wiki/Qutb_Minar" title="Qutb Minar">Qutb Minar</a> f'<a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">Delhi</a>, l-<a href="/wiki/Indja" title="Indja">Indja</a>. </p><p>Il-Minaret ta' Jam huwa parti minn grupp ta' madwar 60 minaret u torri li nbnew bejn is-sekli 11 u 13 fl-<a href="/wiki/Asja" title="Asja">Asja</a> Ċentrali, fl-<a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> u fl-Afganistan, inkluż il-Minaret ta' Kutlug Timur f'<a href="/wiki/Kunya-Urgench" title="Kunya-Urgench">Urgench</a> (li għal żmien twil kien meqjus bħala l-itwal minaret eżistenti). Huwa maħsub li l-minareti nbnew bħala simboli tar-rebħiet Iżlamiċi, filwaqt li torrijiet oħra kienu sempliċement attrazzjonijiet jew torrijiet tal-għassa. </p><p>Il-pajsaġġ <a href="/wiki/Arkeolo%C4%A1ija" title="Arkeoloġija">arkeoloġiku</a> madwar il-Minaret ta' Jam jinkludi l-fdalijiet ta' "palazz", fortifikazzjonijiet, forn tal-oġġetti tal-fuħħar u ċimiterju <a href="/wiki/%C4%A0udai%C5%BCmu" title="Ġudaiżmu">Lhudi</a>, u ġie ssuġġerit li jinkludi l-fdalijiet tal-belt mitlufa tal-Muntanja Turkważ. Analiżi tal-"ħofor tal-ħallelin" madwar is-sit, immaġnijiet satellitari b'riżoluzzjoni għolja u <i>data</i> minn Google Maps wasslu għal stima li l-belt kapitali Gurida tas-sajf madwar il-minaret kienet mifruxa fuq madwar 19.5-il ettaru ta' art. </p><p>Il-Minaret u l-fdalijiet arkeoloġiċi ta' Jam irnexxielhom jitniżżlu bħala l-ewwel Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO fl-Afganistan fl-2002. Is-sit tniżżel ukoll fil-lista tas-siti fil-periklu tal-UNESCO, minħabba l-istat prekarju ta' preservazzjoni tal-minaret, u r-riżultati tas-serq mis-sit. </p><p>Skont l-arkeologi ġie skopert ċimiterju Lhudi xi 10 kilometri 'l bogħod mill-minaret, inkluż il-fdalijiet ta' binja militari, palazz u ġarer tal-fuħħar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Storja">Storja</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Storja" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Storja"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1502-Babur_advancing_through_the_mountains_to_Kabul.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/Stampa:1502-Babur_advancing_through_the_mountains_to_Kabul.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/1502-Babur_advancing_through_the_mountains_to_Kabul.jpg/220px-1502-Babur_advancing_through_the_mountains_to_Kabul.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/1502-Babur_advancing_through_the_mountains_to_Kabul.jpg/330px-1502-Babur_advancing_through_the_mountains_to_Kabul.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/1502-Babur_advancing_through_the_mountains_to_Kabul.jpg/440px-1502-Babur_advancing_through_the_mountains_to_Kabul.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1875" data-file-height="2500" /></a><figcaption>Il-ħakkiem Timurid <a href="/w/index.php?title=Babur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Babur (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Babur</a> javvanza minn Jam u l-muntanji lejn <a href="/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Jam_minartet_clear_white_ghorid_empire2009.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/Stampa:Jam_minartet_clear_white_ghorid_empire2009.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Jam_minartet_clear_white_ghorid_empire2009.jpg/258px-Jam_minartet_clear_white_ghorid_empire2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="258" height="907" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4f/Jam_minartet_clear_white_ghorid_empire2009.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="316" data-file-height="1111" /></a><figcaption>Il-Minaret ta' Jam.</figcaption></figure> <p>Matul is-sekli 12 u 13 <a href="/wiki/WK" title="WK">W.K</a>., il-Guridi kienu jikkontrollaw it-territorju li issa huwa l-Afganistan, iżda wkoll partijiet mil-Lvant tal-Iran, tal-Asja Ċentrali, tat-Tramuntana tal-Indja u partijiet mill-<a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>. </p><p>Id-datazzjoni tal-kalligrafija Għarbija tal-minaret mhix ċara – tista' tiġi interpretata bħala 1193/4 jew 1174/5 meta kkonvertita fid-dati tal-kalendarju Gregorjan. B'hekk jaf tfakkar ir-rebħa tas-sultan Gurid <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ghiyas_ud-Din&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ghiyas ud-Din (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ghiyas ud-Din</a> kontra l-Ghaznevidi fl-1186 f'<a href="/w/index.php?title=Lahore&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lahore (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Lahore</a>. Madankollu, Dr. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ralph_Pinder-Wilson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ralph Pinder-Wilson (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Ralph Pinder-Wilson</a>, arkeologu <a href="/wiki/Renju_Unit" title="Renju Unit">Brittaniku</a> u d-Direttur tal-Istitut Brittaniku tal-Istudji Afgani fis-snin 70 tas-seklu 20, kiteb studju ewlieni dwar il-Minareti ta' Jam u ta' Ghazni fejn esprima t-twemmin tiegħu li l-minaret kien inbena biex ifakkar ir-rebħa ta' <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mu%27izz_ad-Din&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mu'izz ad-Din (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Mu'izz ad-Din</a>, ħu Ghiyath ud-Din, kontra <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prithviraj_Chauhan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prithviraj Chauhan (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Prithviraj Chauhan</a>. Din ir-rebħa ppermettiet lill-<a href="/wiki/I%C5%BClam" title="Iżlam">Iżlam</a> jinfirex fit-Tramuntana tas-subkontinent Indjan. Pinder-Wilson kien jemmen li l-minaret kien inbena bl-istil ta' dak iż-żmien, li kien jinkludi tradizzjoni ta' torrijiet Iżlamiċi bikrin tar-rebħiet li kienu jipproklamaw is-setgħa ħakkiema tal-Iżlam. </p><p>Huwa preżunt li l-Minaret ta' Jam kien mehmuż mal-Moskea tal-Ġimgħa ta' Firozkoh, li l-kronista Gurid <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abu_%27Ubayd_al-Juzjani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abu 'Ubayd al-Juzjani (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Abu 'Ubayd al-Juzjani</a> jistqarr li ġġarrfet u nġarret minn għargħar f'daqqa, xi żmien qabel l-assedji <a href="/wiki/Mongolja" title="Mongolja">Mongoli</a> fil-bidu tas-seklu 13. Mix-xogħol arkeoloġiku f'Jam permezz tal-Proġett Arkeoloġiku tal-Minaret ta' Jam, instabet evidenza ta' binja b'bitħa kbira fil-beraħ maġenb il-minaret, kif ukoll evidenza ta' sedimenti tax-xmara fuq il-pavimentar tal-brikks moħmija. </p><p>Il-glorja tal-Imperu tal-Guridi battiet wara l-<a href="/wiki/Mewt" title="Mewt">mewt</a> ta' Ghiyath ud-Din fl-1202, u ġie mġiegħel iċedi t-territorju lill-Imperu ta' Khwarezm. Juzjani jistqarr li Firuzkuh inqerdet mill-Mongoli fl-1222. </p><p>Il-minaret ma tantx kien magħruf 'il barra mill-Afganistan sakemm Sir <a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomas_Holdich&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomas Holdich (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Thomas Holdich</a> irrapporta l-eżistenza tiegħu fl-1886 hu u jaħdem għall-Kummissjoni tal-Konfini Afgani. Madankollu, ma sarx magħruf fuq livell dinji qabel l-1957, permezz tax-xogħol tal-arkeologi <a href="/wiki/Franza" title="Franza">Franċiżi</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_Maricq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="André Maricq (il-paġna ma teżistix)">André Maricq</a> u <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaston_Wiet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaston Wiet (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Gaston Wiet</a>. Iktar 'il quddiem, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Werner_Herberg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Werner Herberg (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Werner Herberg</a> wettaq stħarriġiet limitati madwar is-sit fis-snin 70 tas-seklu 20, u Ralph Pinder-Wilson temm l-istudju l-kbir tiegħu dwar is-sit fl-istess deċennju, qabel ma l-invażjoni <a href="/wiki/Unjoni_Sovjetika" title="Unjoni Sovjetika">Sovjetika</a> tal-1979 ma reġgħetx qatgħet l-aċċess għas-sit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Terremot_tal-2022">Terremot tal-2022</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Terremot tal-2022" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Terremot tal-2022"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fis-17 ta' Jannar 2022, terremot heżżeż il-Punent tal-Afganistan u qatel 28 ruħ. It-terremot wassal biex jaqgħu xi brikks mit-torri u attwalment jinsab f'iktar riskju li jċedi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sit_ta'_Wirt_Dinji"><span id="Sit_ta.27_Wirt_Dinji"></span>Sit ta' Wirt Dinji</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Sit ta' Wirt Dinji" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Sit ta' Wirt Dinji"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Minaret_of_Jam_melts_into_rugged_landscape_-_panoramio.jpg"><img resource="/wiki/Stampa:Minaret_of_Jam_melts_into_rugged_landscape_-_panoramio.jpg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Minaret_of_Jam_melts_into_rugged_landscape_-_panoramio.jpg/258px-Minaret_of_Jam_melts_into_rugged_landscape_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="258" height="399" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Minaret_of_Jam_melts_into_rugged_landscape_-_panoramio.jpg/387px-Minaret_of_Jam_melts_into_rugged_landscape_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Minaret_of_Jam_melts_into_rugged_landscape_-_panoramio.jpg/516px-Minaret_of_Jam_melts_into_rugged_landscape_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1018" data-file-height="1575" /></a><figcaption>Il-Minaret ta' Jam u l-pajsaġġ tal-madwar.</figcaption></figure> <p>Il-Minaret ta' Jam u l-fdalijiet arkeoloġiċi ta' madwaru ġew iddeżinjati bħala Sit ta' Wirt Dinji tal-UNESCO fl-2002.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Il-valur universali straordinarju tas-sit ġie rrikonoxxut abbażi ta' tliet kriterji tal-għażla tal-UNESCO: il-<b>kriterju (ii)</b> "Wirja ta' skambju importanti ta' valuri <a href="/wiki/Bniedem" title="Bniedem">umani</a>, tul perjodu ta' żmien jew fi ħdan żona kulturali fid-<a href="/wiki/Id-Dinja" title="Id-Dinja">dinja</a>, dwar l-iżviluppi fl-arkitettura jew it-teknoloġija, l-<a href="/wiki/Arti" title="Arti">arti</a> <a href="/wiki/Monument" title="Monument">monumentali</a>, l-ippjanar tal-bliet jew id-disinn tal-pajsaġġ"; il-<b>kriterju (iii)</b> "Xhieda unika jew minn tal-inqas eċċezzjonali ta' tradizzjoni kulturali jew ta' ċivilizzazzjoni li għadha ħajja jew li għebet"; u l-<b>kriterju (vi)</b> "Assoċjazzjoni diretta jew tanġibbli ma' avvenimenti jew ma' tradizzjonijiet ħajjin, ma' ideat jew ma' twemmin, jew ma' xogħlijiet artistiċi jew letterarji ta' valur universali straordinarju".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kontenut_kalligrafiku">Kontenut kalligrafiku</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Kontenut kalligrafiku" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Kontenut kalligrafiku"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>L-istrixxa ta' fuq nett tikkonsisti mill-konfessjoni tal-fidi Musulmana, ix-<i>shahada,</i> "Jien nemmen li m'hemmx alla ieħor għajr <i><a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a> u li <a href="/wiki/Mu%C4%A7ammed" title="Muħammed">Muħammed</a> huwa l-messaġġier ta' Allah</i>".</li> <li>Taħtha, hemm żewġ strixxi oħra li jikkonsistu mill-vers 13, tas-<i>sura</i> ta' al-Saff LXI, "Allah għinni nasal għar-rebħa<i>. O Muħammed agħti l-bxara t-tajba lil dawk li jemmnu. Ħenjin huma dawk li jemmnu</i>".</li> <li>L-istrixxa ta' taħthom tikkonsisti mill-ismijiet u mit-titli ta' <i>Ghiyath ad-Din Muhammad bin Sam.</i></li> <li>Taħt din l-istrixa hemm strixxa li fiha verżjoni amplifikata tal-ismijiet u tat-titli ta' Ghiyath ad-Din Muhammad bil-madum tal-mużajk turkważ.</li> <li>Eżagonu rettangolari b'żewġ linji ta' kalligrafija <i>Naskhi</i> taħtu: (1) "Xogħol <i>Ali ibn...</i>", (2) mhux deċifrat.</li> <li>Kitba ta' "<i>Abu'l-Fath</i>", bi ħsara estensiva, peress li hija magħmula bl-istukko.</li> <li>Strixxi mdaħħlin f'xulxin jikkonsistu mis-<i>sura</i> ta' Maryam XIX.</li> <li>Lejn it-Tramuntana hemm kalligrafija Kufika, "Fid-data tas-sena ħames mija u disgħin"(ekwivalenti għall-ħabta tas-27 ta' Diċembru 1193 sas-16 ta' Diċembru 1194).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Theddidiet">Theddidiet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Theddidiet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Theddidiet"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il-Minaret ta' Jam huwa mhedded bl-erożjoni, l-infiltrazzjoni tal-ilma u l-għargħar, minħabba l-prossimità tiegħu max-xmajjar Hari u Jam. Theddida oħra huma t-terremoti li jseħħu spiss fir-reġjun. It-torri ilu jmejjel fuq naħa, u sar xogħol ta' stabbilizzazzjoni diversi drabi. </p><p>Wara ż-żjara tiegħu fl-2002, l-esploratur Brittaniku u l-Membru Parlamentari futur <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rory_Stewart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rory Stewart (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Rory Stewart</a> irrapporta li xi serq u skavi illegali kkawżaw ħsarat ukoll lis-sit arkeoloġiku madwar il-minaret. </p><p>Fil-21 ta' Lulju 2018, Pajhwok News irrapportaw taqbid bejn it-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Talibani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talibani (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Talibani</a> u l-qawwiet lokali fil-punti tal-kontrolli militari qrib il-Minaret ta' Jam li dam madwar sitt sigħat. Il-militanti taw in-nar lill-foresti madwar id-distrett storiku u kkawżaw ħsara lill-moskea. </p><p>Id-Direttur tal-Kultura u tal-Informazzjoni ta' Ghor, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fakhruddin_Ariapoor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fakhruddin Ariapoor (il-paġna ma teżistix)">Fakhruddin Ariapoor</a>, esprima t-tħassib tiegħu rigward in-nuqqas ta' stabbiltà fl-inħawi, u ddikjara li xi partijiet miż-żona ekoloġika kien ġarrbu ħsarat estensivi; minkejja li l-minaret kien baqa' qawwi u sħiħ, huwa wissa li jekk il-gvern ċentrali ma kienx se joqgħod b'seba' għajnejn għas-sigurtà tas-sit, il-militanti kienu se jispiċċaw jeqirduh. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Konservazzjoni">Konservazzjoni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Konservazzjoni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Konservazzjoni"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Il-minaret ġie skopert mill-ġdid l-iktar fl-1958 minn esploraturi Franċiżi. Mis-sejba tiegħu sal-bidu tas-snin 70 tas-seklu 20, saru sforzi attivi ta' restawr u studji xjentifiċi sabiex il-proċess ta' erożjoni jitrażżan. Madankollu, wara l-invażjoni Sovjetika tal-Afganistan, ma sar l-ebda sforz. </p><p>L-UNESCO ppruvat tniedi programmi ta' valutazzjoni. Fl-2012 l-UNESCO ħejjiet pjanijiet għall-iskennjar tridimensjonali, għall-kejl idrawliku, u għat-tisħiħ tar-riffieda u tal-ħitan bħala manutenzjoni tal-minaret, u ttieħdu ritratti tal-istruttura esterna sabiex jiġu pprovduti mudelli għar-rikostruzzjoni futura. Għalkemm l-immudellar tridimensjonali tal-minaret finalment twettaq għall-UNESCO minn Iconem, in-nuqqas ta' stabbilità <a href="/wiki/Politika" title="Politika">politika</a> wassal għal nuqqas ta' finanzjament u ma sar l-ebda sforz ta' manutenzjoni. Barra minn hekk, l-art tal-madwar għamlitha diffiċli li jsir xi progress fir-rigward tal-istruttura peress li xxekkel l-aċċess. Madankollu, dawn il-valutazzjonijiet ipprovdew bażi soda għall-manutenzjoni fil-futur. Filwaqt li għadu diffiċli li jsir xogħol fis-sit, l-arkeologi analizzaw l-immaġnijiet satellitari u d-<i>data</i> ta' Google Maps sabiex jagħmlu skoperti ġodda dwar il-minaret u l-fdalijiet arkeoloġiċi tal-madwar. </p><p>Jeħtieġ li jsir, u jista' jsir, ħafna sabiex tiġi appoġġata l-konservazzjoni tal-minaret. Is-sigurtà għandha tkun waħda mill-ewwel prijoritajiet għaliex is-serq huwa komuni fis-sit arkeoloġika. Bl-istess mod, huwa importanti li l-poplu tal-Afganistan ikun involut bit-tama li l-interess u l-involviment tiegħu fis-sit jiffinanzjaw sforzi oħra ta' preservazzjoni fil-futur. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallerija">Gallerija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Gallerija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Gallerija"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Jam_afghanistan_ghorprovince_islamic_architecture.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Jam_afghanistan_ghorprovince_islamic_architecture.jpg/90px-Jam_afghanistan_ghorprovince_islamic_architecture.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Jam_afghanistan_ghorprovince_islamic_architecture.jpg/135px-Jam_afghanistan_ghorprovince_islamic_architecture.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Jam_afghanistan_ghorprovince_islamic_architecture.jpg/180px-Jam_afghanistan_ghorprovince_islamic_architecture.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1065" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Jamafghanistangrorharirud.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Jamafghanistangrorharirud.jpg/81px-Jamafghanistangrorharirud.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Jamafghanistangrorharirud.jpg/121px-Jamafghanistangrorharirud.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Jamafghanistangrorharirud.jpg/162px-Jamafghanistangrorharirud.jpg 2x" data-file-width="742" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Minar_of_jam_ghor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Minar_of_jam_ghor.jpg/120px-Minar_of_jam_ghor.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Minar_of_jam_ghor.jpg/180px-Minar_of_jam_ghor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Minar_of_jam_ghor.jpg/240px-Minar_of_jam_ghor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="854" data-file-height="832" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Jam_Minaret_decoration.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Jam_Minaret_decoration.jpg/67px-Jam_Minaret_decoration.jpg" decoding="async" width="67" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Jam_Minaret_decoration.jpg/100px-Jam_Minaret_decoration.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Jam_Minaret_decoration.jpg/134px-Jam_Minaret_decoration.jpg 2x" data-file-width="254" data-file-height="454" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Jam_leaning_minaret_jam_ghor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Jam_leaning_minaret_jam_ghor.jpg/63px-Jam_leaning_minaret_jam_ghor.jpg" decoding="async" width="63" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Jam_leaning_minaret_jam_ghor.jpg/95px-Jam_leaning_minaret_jam_ghor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Jam_leaning_minaret_jam_ghor.jpg/127px-Jam_leaning_minaret_jam_ghor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="636" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Jam_afghan_architecture_inside_structure.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Jam_afghan_architecture_inside_structure.jpg/79px-Jam_afghan_architecture_inside_structure.jpg" decoding="async" width="79" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Jam_afghan_architecture_inside_structure.jpg/118px-Jam_afghan_architecture_inside_structure.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Jam_afghan_architecture_inside_structure.jpg/158px-Jam_afghan_architecture_inside_structure.jpg 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="1092" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Jam1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Jam1.jpg/90px-Jam1.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Jam1.jpg/135px-Jam1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Jam1.jpg/180px-Jam1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="832" data-file-height="1110" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Paving_near_Jam.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Paving_near_Jam.jpg/80px-Paving_near_Jam.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Paving_near_Jam.jpg/120px-Paving_near_Jam.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Paving_near_Jam.jpg/160px-Paving_near_Jam.jpg 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Jam_Qasr_Zarafshan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Jam_Qasr_Zarafshan.jpg/120px-Jam_Qasr_Zarafshan.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Jam_Qasr_Zarafshan.jpg/180px-Jam_Qasr_Zarafshan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Jam_Qasr_Zarafshan.jpg/240px-Jam_Qasr_Zarafshan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Stampa:Ghor_Province_Afghanistan_Jam_Village.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Ghor_Province_Afghanistan_Jam_Village.jpg/120px-Ghor_Province_Afghanistan_Jam_Village.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Ghor_Province_Afghanistan_Jam_Village.jpg/180px-Ghor_Province_Afghanistan_Jam_Village.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Ghor_Province_Afghanistan_Jam_Village.jpg/240px-Ghor_Province_Afghanistan_Jam_Village.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1110" data-file-height="832" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iktar_qari">Iktar qari</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Iktar qari" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Iktar qari"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Dupree, Nancy Hatch (1977): An Historical Guide to Afghanistan. 1st Edition: 1970. 2nd Edition. Revised and Enlarged. Afghan Tourist Organization.</li></ul> <ul><li>Sampietro, Albert (July 28, 2003). "The Minaret of Jam in Afghanistan". albertsampietro.com.</li></ul> <ul><li>Freya Stark: The Minaret of Djam, an excursion in Afghanistan, <a href="/wiki/Londra" title="Londra">Londra</a>: John Murray, 1970.</li></ul> <ul><li>Dan Cruickshank (ed.), Sir Banister Fletcher's A History of Architecture, 20th edition, Architectural Press 1996, ISBN 0-7506-2267-9.</li></ul> <ul><li>Herberg, W. with D. Davary, 1976. Topographische Feldarbeiten in Ghor: Bericht über Forschungen zum Problem Jam-Ferozkoh. Afghanistan Journal 3/2, 57-69.</li></ul> <ul><li>Maricq, A. & G. Wiet, 1959. Le Minaret de Djam: la découverte de la capitale des Sultans Ghurides (XIIe-XIIIe siècles). (Mémoires de la Délégation archéologique française en Afghanistan 16). <a href="/wiki/Pari%C4%A1i" title="Pariġi">Pariġi</a>.</li></ul> <ul><li>Sourdel-Thomine, J., 2004. Le minaret Ghouride de Jam. Un chef d'oeuvre du XIIe siècle. Paris: Memoire de l'Academie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres.</li></ul> <ul><li>Stewart, Rory. 2006. The Places In Between. Harvest Books. ISBN 0-15-603156-6.</li></ul> <ul><li>Thomas, David, 2018. The Ebb and Flow of the Ghurid Empire. Sydney University Press. ISBN 9781743325414.</li></ul> <ul><li>Thomas, David, 2004. Looting, heritage management and archaeological strategies at Jam, Afghanistan.</li></ul> <ul><li>Thomas, D.C., G. Pastori & I. Cucco, 2004. “Excavations at Jam, Afghanistan.” East and West 54 (Nos. 1–4) pp. 87-119.</li></ul> <ul><li>Thomas, D.C., G. Pastori & I. Cucco, 2005. The Minaret of Jam Archaeological Project at Antiquity.</li></ul> <ul><li>Thomas, D.C., & A. Gascoigne, in press. Recent Archaeological Investigations of Looting at Jam, Ghur Province, in J. van Krieken (ed.) Afghanistan’s Cultural Heritage: its Fall and Survival. Leiden: E.J. Brill.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenzi">Referenzi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Editja s-sezzjoni: Referenzi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>immodifika</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Referenzi"><span>immodifika s-sors</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCentre" class="citation web cs1">Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/211/">"Minaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam"</a>. <i>UNESCO World Heritage Centre</i> (bl-Ingliż)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Miġbur <span class="nowrap">2024-01-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UNESCO+World+Heritage+Centre&rft.atitle=Minaret+and+Archaeological+Remains+of+Jam&rft.aulast=Centre&rft.aufirst=UNESCO+World+Heritage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwhc.unesco.org%2Fen%2Flist%2F211%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fmt.wikipedia.org%3AMinaret+ta%27+Jam" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r256707">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style></span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Miksub minn "<a dir="ltr" href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&oldid=314448">https://mt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&oldid=314448</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Spe%C4%8Bjali:Kategoriji" title="Speċjali:Kategoriji">Kategoriji</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Siti_ta%27_Wirt_Dinji_Kulturali" title="Kategorija:Siti ta' Wirt Dinji Kulturali">Siti ta' Wirt Dinji Kulturali</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:I%C5%BClam" title="Kategorija:Iżlam">Iżlam</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Siti_arkeolo%C4%A1i%C4%8Bi" title="Kategorija:Siti arkeoloġiċi">Siti arkeoloġiċi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Monumenti" title="Kategorija:Monumenti">Monumenti</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Afganistan" title="Kategorija:Afganistan">Afganistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Siti_ta%27_Wirt_Dinji_fl-Afganistan" title="Kategorija:Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fl-Afganistan">Siti ta' Wirt Dinji fl-Afganistan</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategoriji moħbija: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Sorsi_CS1_bl-Ingli%C5%BC_(en)" title="Kategorija:Sorsi CS1 bl-Ingliż (en)">Sorsi CS1 bl-Ingliż (en)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> L-aħħar bidla fuq il-paġna: 05:56, 5 Ottubru 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">It-test huwa disponibbli taħt il-<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Liċenzja Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike</a>; jistgħu japplikaw xi kundizzjonijiet oħra. Ara l-<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">kundizzjonijiet tal-użu</a> għal aktar dettalji.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Politika dwar il-privatezza</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Dwar">Dwar il-Wikipedija</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:%C4%8Aa%C4%A7da_%C4%A1enerali">Ċaħdiet</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Żviluppaturi</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/mt.wikipedia.org">Statistika</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Stqarrija dwar il-cookies</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//mt.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minaret_ta%27_Jam&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Verżjoni għall-mowbajl</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-6h6gw","wgBackendResponseTime":167,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.157","walltime":"0.381","ppvisitednodes":{"value":168,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":1544,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":0,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":3,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":11226,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 99.747 1 Mudell:Ċita_web","100.00% 99.747 1 -total"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.061","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1801437,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-684ff6bbf5-b9q8v","timestamp":"20241125220342","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Minaret ta' Jam","url":"https:\/\/mt.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Minaret_ta%27_Jam","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q192981","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q192981","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2024-01-07T11:08:12Z","dateModified":"2024-10-05T05:56:54Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/7\/74\/Minaret_of_jam_2009_ghor.jpg","headline":"minaret fl-Afganistan"}</script> </body> </html>