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Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AE" title="লুনা ১৮ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লুনা ১৮" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0_18" title="Луна 18 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Луна 18" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_18" title="Luna 18 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Luna 18" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_18" title="Luna 18 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Luna 18" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7_%DB%B1%DB%B8" title="لونا ۱۸ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="لونا ۱۸" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A1_18" title="Լունա 18 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լունա 18" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_18" title="लूना 18 – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लूना 18" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_18" title="Luna 18 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Luna 18" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_18" title="Luna 18 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Luna 18" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_18" title="Luna 18 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Luna 18" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90-18" title="ლუნა-18 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლუნა-18" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna%E2%80%9318" title="Luna–18 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Luna–18" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B0%E1%80%94_%E1%81%81%E1%81%88" title="လူန ၁၈ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လူန ၁၈" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loena_18" title="Loena 18 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Loena 18" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%8A18%E5%8F%B7" title="ルナ18号 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルナ18号" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_18" title="Luna 18 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Luna 18" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7_18" title="لونا 18 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لونا 18" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81una_18" title="Łuna 18 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Łuna 18" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_18" title="Luna 18 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Luna 18" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0-18" title="Луна-18 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Луна-18" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0_18" title="Луна 18 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Луна 18" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_18" title="Luna 18 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Luna 18" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luna_18" title="Luna 18 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Luna 18" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE_18" title="உலூனா 18 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உலூனா 18" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0-18" title="Луна-18 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Луна-18" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Space probe</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media 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class="infobox-title"><i>Luna 18</i></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Luna_16.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Luna_16.jpg/260px-Luna_16.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Luna_16.jpg/390px-Luna_16.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Luna_16.jpg/520px-Luna_16.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A Ye-8-5 model in the Museum of Cosmonautics, Moscow.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Planetary_Science" class="mw-redirect" title="Planetary Science">Lunar sample return</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator</th><td class="infobox-data">Soviet space program</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Designator" title="International Designator">COSPAR ID</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-073A">1971-073A</a></span><span class="ib-edit-wd"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q668942#P247" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Catalog_Number" title="Satellite Catalog Number">SATCAT <abbr title="number">no.</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data">5448</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission duration</th><td class="infobox-data">9 days (launch day to day of last contact)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Spacecraft properties</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_bus" title="Satellite bus">Bus</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ye-8-5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ye-8-5 (page does not exist)">Ye-8-5</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lavochkin" title="Lavochkin">GSMZ Lavochkin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch mass</th><td class="infobox-data">5,725 kilograms (12,621 lb)<sup id="cite_ref-beyond_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beyond-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dry mass</th><td class="infobox-data">5,600 kilograms (12,300 lb)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Start of mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch date</th><td class="infobox-data">2 September 1971, 13:40:40<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtstart">1971-09-02UTC13:40:40Z</span>)</span> UTC<sup id="cite_ref-beyond_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beyond-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rocket</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Proton-K" title="Proton-K">Proton-K</a>/<a href="/wiki/Blok_D" title="Blok D">D</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch site</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Baikonur_Cosmodrome" title="Baikonur Cosmodrome">Baikonur</a> <a href="/wiki/Baikonur_Cosmodrome_Site_81" title="Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 81">81/24</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">End of mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Last contact</th><td class="infobox-data">11 September 1971, 07:48<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend">1971-09-11UTC07:49Z</span>)</span> UTC</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Orbital parameters</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference system</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Selenocentric_orbit" class="mw-redirect" title="Selenocentric orbit">Selenocentric</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_eccentricity" title="Orbital eccentricity">Eccentricity</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0.001361</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Apsis" title="Apsis">Periselene altitude</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,824.9 kilometres (1,133.9 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Apsis" title="Apsis">Aposelene altitude</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,842.3 kilometres (1,144.8 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_inclination" title="Orbital inclination">Inclination</a></th><td class="infobox-data">35 degrees</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_period" title="Orbital period">Period</a></th><td class="infobox-data">119 minutes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Epoch_(astronomy)" title="Epoch (astronomy)">Epoch</a></th><td class="infobox-data">6 September 1971, 20:00:00 UTC<sup id="cite_ref-nasa_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasa-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;"><a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Lunar</a> orbiter</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Orbital insertion</th><td class="infobox-data">7 September 1971</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Orbits</th><td class="infobox-data">54<sup id="cite_ref-nasa_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasa-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;">Lunar impact <span class="nowrap">(failed landing)</span></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Impact date</th><td class="infobox-data">11 September 1971 07:48 UTC</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Impact site</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Luna_18&params=3_34_N_56_30_E_globe:moon"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">3°34′N</span> <span class="longitude">56°30′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">3.567°N 56.500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">3.567; 56.500</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Instruments</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Stereo photographic imaging system<br />Remote arm for sample collection<br />Radiation detector<br />Radio altimeter</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><div class="" style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-top:1px #aaa solid"><b><a href="/wiki/Luna_programme" title="Luna programme">Luna programme</a></b></div><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/Luna_17" title="Luna 17">Luna 17</a></div><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/Luna_19" title="Luna 19">Luna 19</a> →</div></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Luna 18</b></i>, part of the Ye-8-5 series, was an <a href="/wiki/Uncrewed_spacecraft" title="Uncrewed spacecraft">uncrewed space mission</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Luna_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Luna program">Luna program</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luna_18&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Luna 18</i> was placed in an Earth parking orbit after it was launched and was then sent towards the Moon. On 7 September 1971, it entered lunar orbit. The spacecraft completed 85 communications sessions and 54 lunar orbits before it was sent towards the <a href="/wiki/Lunar_surface" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunar surface">lunar surface</a> by use of <a href="/wiki/Braking_rocket" class="mw-redirect" title="Braking rocket">braking rockets</a>. It impacted the Moon on 11 September 1971, at 3 degrees 34 minutes N, 56 degrees 30 minutes E (selenographic coordinates) in rugged mountainous terrain. Signals ceased at the moment of impact. </p><p>This mission was the seventh Soviet attempt to <a href="/wiki/Sample_return_mission" class="mw-redirect" title="Sample return mission">recover soil samples</a> from the surface of the Moon and the first after the success of <i>Luna 16</i>. After two mid-course corrections on 4 September and 6 September 1971, <i>Luna 18</i> entered a circular orbit around the Moon on 7 September at 100 kilometers altitude with an inclination of 35°. After several more orbital corrections, on 11 September, the vehicle began its descent to the lunar surface. Contact with the spacecraft was lost at 07:48 UT at the previously determined point of lunar landing. Impact coordinates were 3°34' north latitude and 56°30' east longitude, near the edge of the <a href="/wiki/Mare_Fecunditatis" title="Mare Fecunditatis">Mare Fecunditatis</a> ("Sea of Fertility"). Officially, the Soviets announced that "the lunar landing in the complex mountainous conditions proved to be unfavorable." Later, in 1975, the Soviets published data from <i>Luna 18</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s continuous-wave radio altimeter that determined the mean <a href="/wiki/Density" title="Density">density</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Lunar_soil" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunar soil">lunar topsoil</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luna_18&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_artificial_objects_on_the_Moon" title="List of artificial objects on the Moon">List of artificial objects on the Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_missions_to_the_Moon" title="List of missions to the Moon">List of missions to the Moon</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luna_18&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-beyond-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-beyond_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-beyond_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSiddiqi2018" class="citation book cs1">Siddiqi, Asif (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/beyond-earth-tagged.pdf"><i>Beyond Earth: A Chronicle of Deep Space Exploration, 1958–2016</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (second ed.). NASA History Program Office. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781626830431" title="Special:BookSources/9781626830431"><bdi>9781626830431</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Beyond+Earth%3A+A+Chronicle+of+Deep+Space+Exploration%2C+1958%E2%80%932016&rft.edition=second&rft.pub=NASA+History+Program+Office&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9781626830431&rft.aulast=Siddiqi&rft.aufirst=Asif&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nasa.gov%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fatoms%2Ffiles%2Fbeyond-earth-tagged.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuna+18" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nasa-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nasa_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nasa_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1971-073A">"NASA - NSSDCA - Spacecraft - Trajectory Details"</a>. <i>nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-05-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov&rft.atitle=NASA+-+NSSDCA+-+Spacecraft+-+Trajectory+Details&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov%2Fnmc%2Fspacecraft%2Fdisplay.action%3Fid%3D1971-073A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALuna+18" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luna_18&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Moon_spacecraft" title="Template:Moon spacecraft"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Moon_spacecraft" title="Template talk:Moon spacecraft"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Moon_spacecraft" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Moon spacecraft"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Spacecraft_missions_to_the_Moon" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_missions_to_the_Moon" title="List of missions to the Moon">Spacecraft missions</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Exploration_of_the_Moon" title="Exploration of the Moon">Exploration</a><br />programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">American</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis_program" title="Artemis program">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Lunar_Payload_Services" title="Commercial Lunar Payload Services">CLPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbiter_program" title="Lunar Orbiter program">Lunar Orbiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Precursor_Robotic_Program" title="Lunar Precursor Robotic Program">Lunar Precursor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_program" title="Pioneer program">Pioneer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_program" title="Ranger program">Ranger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_program" title="Surveyor program">Surveyor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China_National_Space_Administration" title="China National Space Administration">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program" title="Chinese Lunar Exploration Program">Chang'e</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISRO" title="ISRO">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan_programme" title="Chandrayaan programme">Chandrayaan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Space_and_Astronautical_Science" title="Institute of Space and Astronautical Science">Japanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Lunar_Exploration_Program" title="Japanese Lunar Exploration Program">Japanese Lunar Exploration Program</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korea_Aerospace_Research_Institute" title="Korea Aerospace Research Institute">South Korean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Danuri" title="Danuri">Danuri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roscosmos" title="Roscosmos">Russian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna-Glob" title="Luna-Glob">Luna-Glob</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_space_program" title="Soviet space program">Soviet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_crewed_lunar_programs" title="Soviet crewed lunar programs">Crewed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_programme" title="Luna programme">Luna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunokhod_programme" title="Lunokhod programme">Lunokhod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zond_program" title="Zond program">Zond</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">Active<br />missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Orbiters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/THEMIS#ARTEMIS" title="THEMIS">ARTEMIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAPSTONE" title="CAPSTONE">CAPSTONE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-2" title="Chandrayaan-2">Chandrayaan-2</a> Orbiter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5-T1" title="Chang'e 5-T1">Chang'e 5-T1</a> (service module)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danuri" title="Danuri">Danuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" title="Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter">Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queqiao_relay_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Queqiao relay satellite">Queqiao 1</a> (relay satellite at <a href="/wiki/Lagrange_point#L2" title="Lagrange point">L<sub>2</sub></a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queqiao-2_relay_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Queqiao-2 relay satellite">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiandu" title="Tiandu">Tiandu-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiandu" title="Tiandu">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICUBE-Q" title="ICUBE-Q">ICUBE-Q</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Landers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_3" title="Chang'e 3">Chang'e 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_4" title="Chang'e 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_Lander_for_Investigating_Moon" title="Smart Lander for Investigating Moon">SLIM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Rovers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yutu-2" title="Yutu-2">Yutu-2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Flybys</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ArgoMoon" title="ArgoMoon">ArgoMoon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">Past<br />missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Crewed landings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_12" title="Apollo 12">12</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_14" title="Apollo 14">14</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15" title="Apollo 15">15</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_16" title="Apollo 16">16</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_17" title="Apollo 17">17</a></i></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/List_of_Apollo_astronauts" title="List of Apollo astronauts">List of Apollo astronauts</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Orbiters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_8" title="Apollo 8">Apollo 8</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_10" title="Apollo 10">10</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Lunar_Module" title="Apollo Lunar Module">Apollo Lunar Module</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis_I" title="Artemis I">Artemis I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_1" title="Chang'e 1">Chang'e 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_2" title="Chang'e 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5" title="Chang'e 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-1" title="Chandrayaan-1">Chandrayaan-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-3" title="Chandrayaan-3">Chandrayaan-3</a> (propulsion module)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clementine_(spacecraft)" title="Clementine (spacecraft)">Clementine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_35" title="Explorer 35">Explorer 35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_49" title="Explorer 49">49</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRAIL" title="GRAIL">GRAIL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiten_(spacecraft)" title="Hiten (spacecraft)">Hiten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LADEE" title="LADEE">LADEE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_4#Microsatellites" title="Chang'e 4">Longjiang-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_10" title="Luna 10">Luna 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_11" title="Luna 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_12" title="Luna 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_14" title="Luna 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_19" title="Luna 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_22" title="Luna 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbiter_1" title="Lunar Orbiter 1">Lunar Orbiter 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbiter_2" title="Lunar Orbiter 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbiter_3" title="Lunar Orbiter 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbiter_4" title="Lunar Orbiter 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbiter_5" title="Lunar Orbiter 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Prospector" title="Lunar Prospector">Lunar Prospector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15#Lunar_subsatellite" title="Apollo 15">PFS-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_16#Lunar_subsatellite_PFS-2" title="Apollo 16">PFS-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SMART-1" title="SMART-1">SMART-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SELENE" title="SELENE">SELENE (Kaguya, Okina, Ouna)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Spacecraft_that_impacted_the_Moon" title="Category:Spacecraft that impacted the Moon">Impactors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LCROSS" title="LCROSS">LCROSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_2" title="Luna 2">Luna 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_Impact_Probe" title="Moon Impact Probe">Moon Impact Probe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_4" title="Ranger 4">Ranger 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_6" title="Ranger 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_7" title="Ranger 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_8" title="Ranger 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_9" title="Ranger 9">9</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Moon_landing" title="Moon landing">Landers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Lunar_Module" title="Apollo Lunar Module">Apollo Lunar Module</a></i> ×6</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5" title="Chang'e 5">Chang'e 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_6" title="Chang'e 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_9" title="Luna 9">Luna 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_13" title="Luna 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_16" title="Luna 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_17" title="Luna 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_20" title="Luna 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_21" title="Luna 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_23" title="Luna 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_24" title="Luna 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_1" title="Surveyor 1">Surveyor 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_3" title="Surveyor 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_5" title="Surveyor 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_6" title="Surveyor 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_7" title="Surveyor 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-3" title="Chandrayaan-3">Vikram</a> (Chandrayaan-3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/EagleCam" class="mw-redirect" title="EagleCam">EagleCam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IM-1" title="IM-1">IM-1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Lunar_rover" title="Lunar rover">Rovers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Roving_Vehicle" title="Lunar Roving Vehicle">Lunar Roving Vehicle</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15" title="Apollo 15">Apollo 15</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_16" title="Apollo 16">16</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_17" title="Apollo 17">17</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunokhod_1" title="Lunokhod 1">Lunokhod 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunokhod_2" title="Lunokhod 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yutu_(rover)" title="Yutu (rover)">Yutu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pragyan_(Chandrayaan-2)" title="Pragyan (Chandrayaan-2)">Pragyan (Chandrayaan-2)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pragyan_(Chandrayaan-3)" title="Pragyan (Chandrayaan-3)">(Chandrayaan-3)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_Lander_for_Investigating_Moon#Lunar_Excursion_Vehicle_1" title="Smart Lander for Investigating Moon">LEV-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_Lander_for_Investigating_Moon#Lunar_Excursion_Vehicle_2" title="Smart Lander for Investigating Moon">LEV-2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sora-Q" title="Sora-Q">Sora-Q</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_6" title="Chang'e 6">Jinchan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Sample-return_mission" title="Sample-return mission">Sample return</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_12" title="Apollo 12">12</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_14" title="Apollo 14">14</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15" title="Apollo 15">15</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_16" title="Apollo 16">16</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_17" title="Apollo 17">17</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_16" title="Luna 16">Luna 16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_20" title="Luna 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_24" title="Luna 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5" title="Chang'e 5">Chang'e 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_6" title="Chang'e 6">6</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Failed landings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beresheet" title="Beresheet">Beresheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emirates_Lunar_Mission" title="Emirates Lunar Mission">Emirates Lunar Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakuto-R_Mission_1" title="Hakuto-R Mission 1">Hakuto-R M1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_5" title="Luna 5">Luna 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_7" title="Luna 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_8" title="Luna 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_15" title="Luna 15">15</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_25" title="Luna 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMOTENASHI" title="OMOTENASHI">OMOTENASHI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_2" title="Surveyor 2">Surveyor 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_4" title="Surveyor 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-2#Vikram_lander" title="Chandrayaan-2">Vikram</a> (Chandrayaan-2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peregrine_Mission_One" title="Peregrine Mission One">Peregrine Mission One</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Lunar_flybys" title="Category:Lunar flybys">Flybys</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manfred_Memorial_Moon_Mission" title="Manfred Memorial Moon Mission">4M</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_13" title="Apollo 13">Apollo 13</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5-T1" title="Chang'e 5-T1">Chang'e 5-T1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geotail" title="Geotail">Geotail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_project" title="Galileo project">Galileo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Cometary_Explorer" title="International Cometary Explorer">ICE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_4#Microsatellites" title="Chang'e 4">Longjiang-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_1" title="Luna 1">Luna 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_3" title="Luna 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_4" title="Luna 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_6" title="Luna 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Polar_Hydrogen_Mapper" title="Lunar Polar Hydrogen Mapper">LunaH-Map</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Flashlight" title="Lunar Flashlight">Lunar Flashlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_IceCube" title="Lunar IceCube">Lunar IceCube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LunIR" title="LunIR">LunIR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariner_10" title="Mariner 10">Mariner 10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_Asteroid_Scout" title="Near-Earth Asteroid Scout">NEA Scout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nozomi_(spacecraft)" title="Nozomi (spacecraft)">Nozomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_4" title="Pioneer 4">Pioneer 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_5" title="Ranger 5">Ranger 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STEREO" title="STEREO">STEREO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite" title="Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite">TESS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilkinson_Microwave_Anisotropy_Probe" title="Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe">WMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_(spacecraft)" title="Wind (spacecraft)">Wind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zond_3" title="Zond 3">Zond 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zond_5" title="Zond 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zond_6" title="Zond 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zond_7" title="Zond 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zond_8" title="Zond 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PAS-22" title="PAS-22">PAS-22</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">Planned<br />missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Artemis_program" title="Artemis program">Artemis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Artemis_II" title="Artemis II">Artemis II</a></i> (2025)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Gateway" title="Lunar Gateway">Lunar Gateway</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artemis_III" title="Artemis III">Artemis III</a></i> (2026)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artemis_IV" title="Artemis IV">Artemis IV</a></i> (2028)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artemis_V" title="Artemis V">Artemis V</a></i> (2030)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artemis_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="Artemis VI">Artemis VI</a></i> (2031)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artemis_VII" class="mw-redirect" title="Artemis VII">Artemis VII</a></i> (2032)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Artemis_VIII" class="mw-redirect" title="Artemis VIII">Artemis VIII</a></i> (2033)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Lunar_Payload_Services" title="Commercial Lunar Payload Services">CLPS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_Aerospace_Blue_Ghost" title="Firefly Aerospace Blue Ghost">Firefly Aerospace Blue Ghost</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IM-2" title="IM-2">IM-2</a> (2025) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Trailblazer" title="Lunar Trailblazer">Lunar Trailblazer</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Luna-Glob" title="Luna-Glob">Luna-Glob</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna_26" title="Luna 26">Luna 26</a> (2027)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_27" title="Luna 27">Luna 27</a> (2028)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_28" title="Luna 28">Luna 28</a> (2030)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luna_29&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luna 29 (page does not exist)">Luna 29</a> (2030s)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luna_30&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luna 30 (page does not exist)">Luna 30</a> (2030s)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luna_31&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luna 31 (page does not exist)">Luna 31</a> (2030s)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program" title="Chinese Lunar Exploration Program">CLEP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_7" title="Chang'e 7">Chang'e 7</a> (2026)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_8" title="Chang'e 8">Chang'e 8</a> (2028)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan_programme" title="Chandrayaan programme">Chandrayaan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-4" title="Chandrayaan-4">Chandrayaan-4</a> (2027)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Polar_Exploration_Mission" title="Lunar Polar Exploration Mission">Chandrayaan-5 (LUPEX)</a> (2028)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hakuto-R_Mission_2" title="Hakuto-R Mission 2">Hakuto-R M2</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beresheet_2" title="Beresheet 2">Beresheet 2</a> (2025)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ispace_(Japanese_company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ispace (Japanese company)">ispace M3</a> (2026)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Pathfinder" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunar Pathfinder">Lunar Pathfinder</a> (2026)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DESTINY%2B" title="DESTINY+">DESTINY<sup>+</sup></a> (2028)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cislunar_Explorers" title="Cislunar Explorers">Cislunar Explorers</a> (2020s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_Escape_Explorer" title="Earth Escape Explorer">CU-E<sup>3</sup></a> (2020s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrobotic_Technology#Rovers" title="Astrobotic Technology">MoonRanger</a> (2020s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argonaut_(lunar_lander)" title="Argonaut (lunar lander)">Argonaut M1</a> (2031)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Lunar_Research_Station" title="International Lunar Research Station">International Lunar Research Station</a> (2030s)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">Proposed<br />missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Robotic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_Transportation_Systems" title="Planetary Transportation Systems">ALINA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draper_Laboratory#Commercial_Lunar_Payload_Services" title="Draper Laboratory">Artemis-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Moon_(spacecraft)" title="Blue Moon (spacecraft)">Blue Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BOLAS_(spacecraft)" title="BOLAS (spacecraft)">BOLAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garat%C3%A9a-L" title="Garatéa-L">Garatéa-L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISOCHRON_(spacecraft)" title="ISOCHRON (spacecraft)">ISOCHRON</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LunaNet" title="LunaNet">LunaNet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Crater_Radio_Telescope" title="Lunar Crater Radio Telescope">Lunar Crater Radio Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCandless_Lunar_Lander" title="McCandless Lunar Lander">McCandless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_Diver_(spacecraft)" title="Moon Diver (spacecraft)">Moon Diver</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Crewed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/DSE-Alpha" title="DSE-Alpha">DSE-Alpha</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Lunar_Lander" title="Boeing Lunar Lander">Boeing Lunar Lander</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_Lunar_Lander" title="Lockheed Martin Lunar Lander">Lockheed Martin Lunar Lander</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbital_Station" title="Lunar Orbital Station">Lunar Orbital Station</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">Cancelled /<br />concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Altair_(spacecraft)" title="Altair (spacecraft)">Altair</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg_1" title="Baden-Württemberg 1">Baden-Württemberg 1</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/DearMoon_project" title="DearMoon project">#dearMoon project</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Lunar_Explorer" title="European Lunar Explorer">European Lunar Explorer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Lunar_Outpost" title="First Lunar Outpost">First Lunar Outpost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Lunar_Network" title="International Lunar Network">International Lunar Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LEO_(spacecraft)" title="LEO (spacecraft)">LEO</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/LK_(spacecraft)" title="LK (spacecraft)">LK</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar-A" title="Lunar-A">Lunar-A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Lander_(spacecraft)" title="Lunar Lander (spacecraft)">Lunar Lander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Mission_One" title="Lunar Mission One">Lunar Mission One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_Observer_program" title="Planetary Observer program">Lunar Observer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunokhod_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunokhod 3">Lunokhod 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MoonLITE" title="MoonLITE">MoonLITE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MoonRise" title="MoonRise">MoonRise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OrbitBeyond" title="OrbitBeyond">OrbitBeyond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Harvest_Moon" title="Project Harvest Moon">Project Harvest Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prospector_(spacecraft)" title="Prospector (spacecraft)">Prospector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resource_Prospector_(rover)" class="mw-redirect" title="Resource Prospector (rover)">Resource Prospector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SELENE-2" title="SELENE-2">SELENE-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrselena" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrselena">Ukrselena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masten_Space_Systems#XL-1" title="Masten Space Systems">XL-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIPER_(rover)" title="VIPER (rover)">VIPER</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colonization_of_the_Moon" title="Colonization of the Moon">Colonization of the Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Lunar_X_Prize" title="Google Lunar X Prize">Google Lunar X Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lunar_probes" title="List of lunar probes">List of lunar probes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_missions_to_the_Moon" title="List of missions to the Moon">List of missions to the Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_artificial_objects_on_the_Moon" title="List of artificial objects on the Moon">List of artificial objects on the Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_species_that_have_landed_on_the_Moon" title="List of species that have landed on the Moon">List of species that have landed on the Moon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_resources" title="Lunar resources">Lunar resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fe,_Fi,_Fo,_Fum,_and_Phooey" title="Fe, Fi, Fo, Fum, and Phooey">Apollo 17 Moon mice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_landing_conspiracy_theories" title="Moon landing conspiracy theories">Moon landing conspiracy theories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third-party_evidence_for_Apollo_Moon_landings" title="Third-party evidence for Apollo Moon landings">Third-party evidence for Apollo Moon landings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11_anniversaries" title="Apollo 11 anniversaries">Apollo 11 anniversaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_crewed_lunar_landers" title="List of crewed lunar landers">List of crewed lunar landers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><div> <ul><li>Missions are ordered by launch date. Crewed missions are in <i>italics</i>.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lunar_landing_missions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background:#CCCCCC;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lunar_landers" title="Template:Lunar landers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lunar_landers" title="Template talk:Lunar landers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lunar_landers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lunar landers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lunar_landing_missions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lunar_lander" title="Lunar lander">Lunar landing</a> missions</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#CCCCCC;;width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Crewed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">none</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Robotic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_4" title="Chang'e 4">Chang'e 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_6" title="Chang'e 6">Chang'e 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IM-1" title="IM-1">IM-1</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EagleCam" class="mw-redirect" title="EagleCam">EagleCam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_Lander_for_Investigating_Moon" title="Smart Lander for Investigating Moon">SLIM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#CCCCCC;;width:1%">Past</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Crewed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_12" title="Apollo 12">12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_14" title="Apollo 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15" title="Apollo 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_16" title="Apollo 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_17" title="Apollo 17">17</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Robotic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-3" title="Chandrayaan-3">Chandrayaan-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_3" title="Chang'e 3">Chang'e 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_5" title="Chang'e 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_9" title="Luna 9">Luna 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_13" title="Luna 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_16" title="Luna 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_17" title="Luna 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_20" title="Luna 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_21" title="Luna 21">21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_23" title="Luna 23">23</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_24" title="Luna 24">24</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_1" title="Surveyor 1">Surveyor 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_3" title="Surveyor 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_5" title="Surveyor 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_6" title="Surveyor 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_7" title="Surveyor 7">7</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#CCCCCC;;width:1%">Failed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_13" title="Apollo 13">Apollo 13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beresheet" title="Beresheet">Beresheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrayaan-2" title="Chandrayaan-2">Chandrayaan-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakuto-R_Mission_1" title="Hakuto-R Mission 1">Hakuto-R M1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_5" title="Luna 5">Luna 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_7" title="Luna 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_8" title="Luna 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_15" title="Luna 15">15</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_25" title="Luna 25">25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OMOTENASHI" title="OMOTENASHI">OMOTENASHI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peregrine_Mission_One" title="Peregrine Mission One">Peregrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_2" title="Surveyor 2">Surveyor 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_4" title="Surveyor 4">4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#CCCCCC;;width:1%">Planned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Artemis_program" title="Artemis program">Artemis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artemis_III" title="Artemis III">Artemis III</a> (2026)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis_IV" title="Artemis IV">IV</a> (2028)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis_V" title="Artemis V">V</a> (2030)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="Artemis VI">VI</a> (2031)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis_VII" class="mw-redirect" title="Artemis VII">VII</a> (2032)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Lunar_Exploration_Program" title="Chinese Lunar Exploration Program">CLEP</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_7" title="Chang'e 7">7</a> (2026)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_8" title="Chang'e 8">8</a> (2028)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Lunar_Payload_Services" title="Commercial Lunar Payload Services">CLPS</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_Aerospace#Blue_Ghost_lunar_lander" title="Firefly Aerospace">Blue Ghost M1</a> (2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_Aerospace#Blue_Ghost_lunar_lander" title="Firefly Aerospace">M2</a> (2026)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IM-2" title="IM-2">IM-2</a> (2025)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IM-3" class="mw-redirect" title="IM-3">IM-3</a> (2025)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;"><a href="/wiki/Luna-Glob" title="Luna-Glob">Luna-Glob</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna_27" title="Luna 27">Luna 27</a> (2028)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_28" title="Luna 28">28</a> (2030)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beresheet_2" title="Beresheet 2">Beresheet 2</a> (<a href="/wiki/SpaceIL" title="SpaceIL">SpaceIL</a>, 2025)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakuto-R_Mission_2" title="Hakuto-R Mission 2">Hakuto-R M2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ispace_(Japanese_company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ispace (Japanese company)">ispace</a>, 2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ispace_(Japanese_company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ispace (Japanese company)">M3</a> (2026)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center; background:#CCCCCC;;width:1%">Proposed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="CLPS" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center; background:#DDDDDD;">CLPS</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Redwire#Deep_Space_Systems" title="Redwire">Redwire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draper_Laboratory#Commercial_Lunar_Payload_Services" title="Draper Laboratory">Draper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_Aerospace#Genesis_lunar_lander" title="Firefly Aerospace">Firefly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masten_Space_Systems#XL-1" title="Masten Space Systems">Masten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_Express" title="Moon Express">MoonEx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OrbitBeyond#Z-01" title="OrbitBeyond">OrbitBeyond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McCandless_Lunar_Lander" title="McCandless Lunar Lander">McCandless</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Luna_programme" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Luna_programme" title="Template:Luna programme"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Luna_programme" title="Template talk:Luna programme"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Luna_programme" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Luna programme"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Luna_programme" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Luna_programme" title="Luna programme">Luna programme</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Impactors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-1_No.1" title="Luna E-1 No.1">Luna E-1 No.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-1_No.2" title="Luna E-1 No.2">Luna E-1 No.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-1_No.3" title="Luna E-1 No.3">Luna E-1 No.3</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_1" title="Luna 1">Luna 1</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-1A_No.1" title="Luna E-1A No.1">Luna E-1A No.1</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_2" title="Luna 2">Luna 2</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Flyby</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_3" title="Luna 3">Luna 3</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-3_No.1" title="Luna E-3 No.1">Luna E-3 No.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-3_No.2" title="Luna E-3 No.2">Luna E-3 No.2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lander</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-6_No.2" title="Luna E-6 No.2">Luna E-6 No.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-6_No.3" title="Luna E-6 No.3">Luna E-6 No.3</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_4" title="Luna 4">Luna 4</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-6_No.6" title="Luna E-6 No.6">Luna E-6 No.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-6_No.5" title="Luna E-6 No.5">Luna E-6 No.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_60" title="Kosmos 60">Kosmos 60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-6_No.8" title="Luna E-6 No.8">Luna E-6 No.8</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_5" title="Luna 5">Luna 5</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_6" title="Luna 6">Luna 6</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_7" title="Luna 7">Luna 7</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_8" title="Luna 8">Luna 8</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_9" title="Luna 9">Luna 9</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_13" title="Luna 13">Luna 13</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orbiter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_111" title="Kosmos 111">Kosmos 111</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_10" title="Luna 10">Luna 10</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_11" title="Luna 11">Luna 11</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_12" title="Luna 12">Luna 12</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-6LS_No.112" title="Luna E-6LS No.112">Luna E-6LS No.112</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_14" title="Luna 14">Luna 14</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_19" title="Luna 19">Luna 19</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_22" title="Luna 22">Luna 22</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sample Return</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-8-5_No._402" title="Luna E-8-5 No. 402">Luna E-8-5 No. 402</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_15" title="Luna 15">Luna 15</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_300" title="Kosmos 300">Kosmos 300</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_305" title="Kosmos 305">Kosmos 305</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-8-5_No._405" title="Luna E-8-5 No. 405">Luna E-8-5 No. 405</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_16" title="Luna 16">Luna 16</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Luna 18</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_20" title="Luna 20">Luna 20</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_23" title="Luna 23">Luna 23</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-8-5M_No._412" title="Luna E-8-5M No. 412">Luna E-8-5M No. 412</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_24" title="Luna 24">Luna 24</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rover</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luna_E-8_No.201" title="Luna E-8 No.201">Luna E-8 No.201</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_17" title="Luna 17">Luna 17</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luna_21" title="Luna 21">Luna 21</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="←_1970Orbital_launches_in_19711972_→" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Orbital_launches_in_1971" title="Template:Orbital launches in 1971"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Orbital_launches_in_1971" title="Template talk:Orbital launches in 1971"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital_launches_in_1971" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Orbital launches in 1971"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="←_1970Orbital_launches_in_19711972_→" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div style="float: left;"><a href="/wiki/1970_in_spaceflight" title="1970 in spaceflight">← 1970</a></div><a href="/wiki/1971_in_spaceflight" title="1971 in spaceflight"><span class="vevent"><span class="summary">Orbital launches in <span class="dtstart">1971</span></span></span></a><div style="float: right;"><a href="/wiki/1972_in_spaceflight" title="1972 in spaceflight">1972 →</a></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_390&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 390 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 390</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_391" title="Kosmos 391">Kosmos 391</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteor_1-07&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteor 1-07 (page does not exist)">Meteor 1-07</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_392&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 392 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 392</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7776&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7776 (page does not exist)">OPS 7776</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelsat_IV_F-2" title="Intelsat IV F-2">Intelsat IV F-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_393" title="Kosmos 393">Kosmos 393</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Apollo_14" title="Apollo 14">Apollo 14</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=NATO-2B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NATO-2B (page does not exist)">NATO-2B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_394" title="Kosmos 394">Kosmos 394</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tansei_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tansei 1 (page does not exist)">Tansei 1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_5268&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 5268 (page does not exist)">OPS 5268</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calsphere_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calsphere 3 (page does not exist)">Calsphere 3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calsphere_4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calsphere 4 (page does not exist)">Calsphere 4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calsphere_5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calsphere 5 (page does not exist)">Calsphere 5</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=KH-4B_No.1113&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KH-4B No.1113 (page does not exist)">KH-4B No.1113</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_395&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 395 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 395</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_396" title="Kosmos 396">Kosmos 396</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_397&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 397 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 397</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_398" title="Kosmos 398">Kosmos 398</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_399&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 399 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 399</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shijian_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shijian I (page does not exist)">Shijian I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=DS-P1-Yu_No.39&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DS-P1-Yu No.39 (page does not exist)">DS-P1-Yu No.39</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=March_1971_Voskhod_launch_failure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="March 1971 Voskhod launch failure (page does not exist)">Zenit-2M</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nauka_2KS_No.3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nauka 2KS No.3 (page does not exist)">Nauka 2KS No.3</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_43" title="Explorer 43">Explorer 43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_400" title="Kosmos 400">Kosmos 400</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_4788&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 4788 (page does not exist)">OPS 4788</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_5300&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 5300 (page does not exist)">OPS 5300</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_401&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 401 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 401</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ISIS_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ISIS 2 (page does not exist)">ISIS 2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_402&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 402 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 402</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_403&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 403 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 403</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_404&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 404 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 404</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_405&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 405 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 405</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_406&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 406 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 406</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tournesol_(satellite)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tournesol (satellite) (page does not exist)">Tournesol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteor_1-08&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteor 1-08 (page does not exist)">Meteor 1-08</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salyut_1" title="Salyut 1">Salyut 1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7899&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7899 (page does not exist)">OPS 7899</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_10" title="Soyuz 10">Soyuz 10</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_407&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 407 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 407</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Marco_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Marco 3 (page does not exist)">San Marco 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_408" title="Kosmos 408">Kosmos 408</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_409&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 409 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 409</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_3811&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 3811 (page does not exist)">OPS 3811</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_410&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 410 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 410</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_411&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 411 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 411</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_412&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 412 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 412</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_413&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 413 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 413</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_414&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 414 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 414</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_415&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 415 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 415</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_416&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 416 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 416</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_417&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 417 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 417</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_418&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 418 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 418</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mariner_8" title="Mariner 8">Mariner 8</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_419" title="Kosmos 419">Kosmos 419</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_420&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 420 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 420</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_421" title="Kosmos 421">Kosmos 421</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_2" title="Mars 2">Mars 2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_422&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 422 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 422</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_423" title="Kosmos 423">Kosmos 423</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_424&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 424 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 424</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_3" title="Mars 3">Mars 3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_424&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 424 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 424</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariner_9" title="Mariner 9">Mariner 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_426" title="Kosmos 426">Kosmos 426</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Soyuz_11" title="Soyuz 11">Soyuz 11</a></u></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SESP-1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SESP-1 (page does not exist)">SESP-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_427&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 427 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 427</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_8709&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 8709 (page does not exist)">OPS 8709</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_428&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 428 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 428</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=June_1975_Voskhod_launch_failure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="June 1975 Voskhod launch failure (page does not exist)">Zenit-2M</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=N1_N6L&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N1 N6L (page does not exist)">Soyuz 7K-LOK mockup</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_44" class="mw-redirect" title="Explorer 44">Explorer 44</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteor_1-09&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteor 1-09 (page does not exist)">Meteor 1-09</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_8373&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 8373 (page does not exist)">OPS 8373</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_429&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 429 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 429</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos-3M_Yu149-32&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos-3M Yu149-32 (page does not exist)">Tselina-OM</a> </i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_430&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 430 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 430</a></li> <li><u><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15" title="Apollo 15">Apollo 15</a></u> (<a href="/wiki/PFS-1" class="mw-redirect" title="PFS-1">PFS-1</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya_1-18&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya 1-18 (page does not exist)">Molniya 1-18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_431&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 431 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 431</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=DS-P1-Yu_No.33&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DS-P1-Yu No.33 (page does not exist)">DS-P1-Yu No.33</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_432&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 432 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 432</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OV1-20&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OV1-20 (page does not exist)">OV1-20</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=LOADS-2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LOADS-2 (page does not exist)">LOADS-2</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OV1-21&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OV1-21 (page does not exist)">OV1-21</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Radar_Tracking_Density_Satellite&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Radar Tracking Density Satellite (page does not exist)">RTDS</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lincoln_Calibration_Sphere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lincoln Calibration Sphere (page does not exist)">LCS 4</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gridsphere_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gridsphere 1 (page does not exist)">Gridsphere 1</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gridsphere_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gridsphere 2 (page does not exist)">Gridsphere 2</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gridsphere_B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gridsphere B (page does not exist)">Gridsphere B</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rigidsphere&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rigidsphere (page does not exist)">Rigidsphere</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_433&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 433 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 433</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_434" title="Kosmos 434">Kosmos 434</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_8607&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 8607 (page does not exist)">OPS 8607</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eole_(satellite)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eole (satellite) (page does not exist)">Eole</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=August_1971_Voskhod_launch_failure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="August 1971 Voskhod launch failure (page does not exist)">Zenit-4M</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_435" title="Kosmos 435">Kosmos 435</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Luna 18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_436&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 436 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 436</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_437&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 437 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 437</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_5454&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 5454 (page does not exist)">OPS 5454</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7681&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7681 (page does not exist)">OPS 7681</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_438&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 438 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 438</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_439&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 439 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 439</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_440" title="Kosmos 440">Kosmos 440</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shinsei_(satellite)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shinsei (satellite) (page does not exist)">Shinsei</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_441&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 441 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 441</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_19" title="Luna 19">Luna 19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_7" title="OSO 7">OSO 7</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TETR-4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TETR-4 (page does not exist)">TETR-4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_442&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 442 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 442</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_443&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 443 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 443</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_444&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 444 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 444</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_445&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 445 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 445</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_446&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 446 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 446</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_447&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 447 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 447</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_448&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 448 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 448</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_449&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 449 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 449</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_450&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 450 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 450</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_451&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 451 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 451</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_4311&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 4311 (page does not exist)">OPS 4311</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_452&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 452 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 452</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Advanced_Space_Technology_Experiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Advanced Space Technology Experiment (page does not exist)">ASTEX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_453" title="Kosmos 453">Kosmos 453</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITOS-B" title="ITOS-B">ITOS-B</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7616&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7616 (page does not exist)">OPS 7616</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prospero_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Prospero (satellite)">Prospero</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_454&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 454 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 454</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_3431&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 3431 (page does not exist)">OPS 3431</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_9432&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 9432 (page does not exist)">OPS 9432</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=STV-4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="STV-4 (page does not exist)">STV-4</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_45" title="Explorer 45">Explorer 45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_455" title="Kosmos 455">Kosmos 455</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_456&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 456 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 456</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_457&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 457 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 457</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya_2-01&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya 2-01 (page does not exist)">Molniya 2-01</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_458" title="Kosmos 458">Kosmos 458</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_459" title="Kosmos 459">Kosmos 459</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_460&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 460 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 460</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Interkosmos_5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Interkosmos 5 (page does not exist)">Interkosmos 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_461" title="Kosmos 461">Kosmos 461</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_462&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 462 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 462</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=December_1971_Voskhod_launch_failure&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="December 1971 Voskhod launch failure (page does not exist)">Zenit-2M</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nauka_5KS_No.2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nauka 5KS No.2 (page does not exist)">Nauka 5KS No.2</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atlas-Agena_5503A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atlas-Agena 5503A (page does not exist)">Canyon</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Polaire_(satellite)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polaire (satellite) (page does not exist)">Polaire</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_463&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 463 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 463</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_464&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 464 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 464</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_4" title="Ariel 4">Ariel 4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7898_Payload_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7898 Payload 2 (page does not exist)">OPS 7898 PL-2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7898_Payload_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7898 Payload 1 (page does not exist)">OPS 7898 PL-1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7898_Payload_3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7898 Payload 3 (page does not exist)">OPS 7898 PL-3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OPS_7898_Payload_4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OPS 7898 Payload 4 (page does not exist)">OPS 7898 PL-4</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_465&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 465 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 465</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_466&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 466 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 466</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosmos_467" title="Kosmos 467">Kosmos 467</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_468&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 468 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 468</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molniya_1-19&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molniya 1-19 (page does not exist)">Molniya 1-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intelsat_IV_F-3" title="Intelsat IV F-3">Intelsat IV F-3</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_469&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 469 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 469</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kosmos_470&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kosmos 470 (page does not exist)">Kosmos 470</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oreol_1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oreol 1 (page does not exist)">Oreol 1</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meteor_1-10&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meteor 1-10 (page does not exist)">Meteor 1-10</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Payloads are separated by bullets ( · ), launches by pipes ( | ). Crewed flights are indicated in <u>underline</u>. Uncatalogued launch failures are listed in <i>italics</i>. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are denoted in (brackets).</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luna_18&oldid=1254311685">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luna_18&oldid=1254311685</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Luna_programme" title="Category:Luna programme">Luna programme</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sample_return_missions" title="Category:Sample return missions">Sample return missions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Missions_to_the_Moon" title="Category:Missions to the Moon">Missions to the Moon</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1971_in_spaceflight" title="Category:1971 in spaceflight">1971 in spaceflight</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1971_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Category:1971 in the Soviet Union">1971 in the Soviet Union</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spacecraft_that_impacted_the_Moon" title="Category:Spacecraft that impacted the Moon">Spacecraft that impacted the Moon</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spacecraft_that_orbited_the_Moon" title="Category:Spacecraft that orbited the Moon">Spacecraft that orbited the Moon</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Spacecraft_launched_in_1971" title="Category:Spacecraft launched in 1971">Spacecraft launched in 1971</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1971_on_the_Moon" title="Category:1971 on the Moon">1971 on the Moon</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_July_2014" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from July 2014">Articles with unsourced statements from July 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 30 October 2024, at 11:51<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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