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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early leadership</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Timeline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timeline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Timeline</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Timeline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_exile" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_exile"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>In exile</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_exile-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_presidency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_presidency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Modern presidency</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_presidency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Election_and_eligibility" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Election_and_eligibility"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Election and eligibility</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Election_and_eligibility-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oath_and_term_of_office" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oath_and_term_of_office"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Oath and term of office</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oath_and_term_of_office-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Duties_and_powers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Duties_and_powers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Duties and powers</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Duties_and_powers-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Duties and powers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Duties_and_powers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-List_of_presidential_appointments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_presidential_appointments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>List of presidential appointments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_presidential_appointments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Supporting_agencies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Supporting_agencies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Supporting agencies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Supporting_agencies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Security_agencies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Security_agencies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Security agencies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Security_agencies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_agencies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_agencies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.2</span> <span>Administrative agencies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_agencies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Impeachment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impeachment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Impeachment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Impeachment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Succession" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Succession"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Succession</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Succession-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Privileges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Privileges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Privileges</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Privileges-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Privileges subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Privileges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Buildings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Buildings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Buildings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Buildings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Official_symbols" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Official_symbols"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Official symbols</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Official_symbols-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Family</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presidential_awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presidential_awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Presidential awards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presidential_awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_presidents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_presidents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>List of presidents</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-List_of_presidents-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle List of presidents subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-List_of_presidents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Timeline_(since_1991)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Timeline_(since_1991)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Timeline (since 1991)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Timeline_(since_1991)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">President of Ukraine</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 64 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_van_Oekra%C3%AFne" title="President van Oekraïne – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="President van Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="رئيس أوكرانيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رئيس أوكرانيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_d%27Ucra%C3%ADna" title="President d'Ucraína – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="President d'Ucraína" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidente_d%27Ucra%C3%ADna" title="Presidente d'Ucraína – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Presidente d'Ucraína" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayna_Prezidenti" title="Ukrayna Prezidenti – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ukrayna Prezidenti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="ইউক্রেনের রাষ্ট্রপতি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইউক্রেনের রাষ্ট্রপতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Украина Президенты – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Украина Президенты" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Прэзідэнт Украіны – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прэзідэнт Украіны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Прэзыдэнт Украіны – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Прэзыдэнт Украіны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Президент на Украйна – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Президент на Украйна" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predsjednik_Ukrajine" title="Predsjednik Ukrajine – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Predsjednik Ukrajine" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_d%27Ucra%C3%AFna" title="President d'Ucraïna – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="President d'Ucraïna" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezident_Ukrajiny" title="Prezident Ukrajiny – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Prezident Ukrajiny" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraines_pr%C3%A6sident" title="Ukraines præsident – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ukraines præsident" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A4sident_der_Ukraine" title="Präsident der Ukraine – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Präsident der Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina_president" title="Ukraina president – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ukraina president" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%B5%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Πρόεδρος της Ουκρανίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρόεδρος της Ουκρανίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidente_de_Ucrania" title="Presidente de Ucrania – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Presidente de Ucrania" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainako_Presidente" title="Ukrainako Presidente – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ukrainako Presidente" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="رئیس‌جمهور اوکراین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رئیس‌جمهور اوکراین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sident_de_l%27Ukraine" title="Président de l'Ukraine – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Président de l'Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uachtar%C3%A1n_na_h%C3%9Acr%C3%A1ine" title="Uachtarán na hÚcráine – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Uachtarán na hÚcráine" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eaghtyrane_yn_Ookraan" title="Eaghtyrane yn Ookraan – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Eaghtyrane yn Ookraan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%ED%81%AC%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EB%82%98%EC%9D%98_%EB%8C%80%ED%86%B5%EB%A0%B9" title="우크라이나의 대통령 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="우크라이나의 대통령" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D5%AF%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B0" title="Ուկրաինայի նախագահ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ուկրաինայի նախագահ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="युक्रेन के राष्ट्रपति – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="युक्रेन के राष्ट्रपति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predsjednik_Ukrajine" title="Predsjednik Ukrajine – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Predsjednik Ukrajine" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presiden_Ukraina" title="Presiden Ukraina – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Presiden Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidente_dell%27Ucraina" title="Presidente dell'Ucraina – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Presidente dell'Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%90_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94" title="נשיא אוקראינה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נשיא אוקראינה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="უკრაინის პრეზიდენტი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="უკრაინის პრეზიდენტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96" title="Украина президенті – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Украина президенті" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainos_prezidentas" title="Ukrainos prezidentas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ukrainos prezidentas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_de_l%27Ucraina" title="President de l'Ucraina – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="President de l'Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="უკრაინაშ პრეზიდენტი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="უკრაინაშ პრეზიდენტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="رئيس اوكرانيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رئيس اوكرانيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presiden_Ukraine" title="Presiden Ukraine – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Presiden Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_van_Oekra%C3%AFne" title="President van Oekraïne – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="President van Oekraïne" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8A%E3%81%AE%E5%A4%A7%E7%B5%B1%E9%A0%98" title="ウクライナの大統領 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウクライナの大統領" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainas_president" title="Ukrainas president – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ukrainas president" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina_prezidenti" title="Ukraina prezidenti – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ukraina prezidenti" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="صدر یوکرین – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="صدر یوکرین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1" title="د اوکراين ولسمشر – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د اوکراين ولسمشر" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezydent_Ukrainy" title="Prezydent Ukrainy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Prezydent Ukrainy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidente_da_Ucr%C3%A2nia" title="Presidente da Ucrânia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Presidente da Ucrânia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukraina_Prezidenti" title="Ukraina Prezidenti – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Ukraina Prezidenti" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre%C8%99edintele_Ucrainei" title="Președintele Ucrainei – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Președintele Ucrainei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Президент Украины – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Президент Украины" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidenti_i_Ukrain%C3%ABs" title="Presidenti i Ukrainës – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Presidenti i Ukrainës" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Ukraine" title="President of Ukraine – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="President of Ukraine" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predsednik_Ukrajine" title="Predsednik Ukrajine – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Predsednik Ukrajine" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Председник Украјине – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Председник Украјине" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Predsednik_Ukrajine" title="Predsednik Ukrajine – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Predsednik Ukrajine" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainan_presidentti" title="Ukrainan presidentti – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ukrainan presidentti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainas_president" title="Ukrainas president – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ukrainas president" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pangulo_ng_Ukranya" title="Pangulo ng Ukranya – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Pangulo ng Ukranya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Украина Президенты – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Украина Президенты" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99" title="ประธานาธิบดียูเครน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ประธานาธิบดียูเครน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayna_devlet_ba%C5%9Fkan%C4%B1" title="Ukrayna devlet başkanı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ukrayna devlet başkanı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Президент України – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Президент України" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86" title="صدر یوکرین – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="صدر یوکرین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%E1%BB%95ng_th%E1%BB%91ng_Ukraina" title="Tổng thống Ukraina – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tổng thống Ukraina" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;">President of Ukraine</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size: 125%; font-weight: normal;"><span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">Президент України</span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine_(detailed).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine_%28detailed%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine_%28detailed%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine_%28detailed%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine_%28detailed%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine_%28detailed%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine_%28detailed%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Flag of the President of Ukraine">Presidential standard</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_(31-12-2023).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%2831-12-2023%29.jpg/220px-%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%2831-12-2023%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%2831-12-2023%29.jpg/330px-%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%2831-12-2023%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%2831-12-2023%29.jpg/440px-%D0%92%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%80_%D0%97%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%2831-12-2023%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="635" data-file-height="844" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline;font-weight:bold;">Incumbent<br /><a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a><br /></div>since 20 May 2019</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Ukraine#Executive_branch" title="Politics of Ukraine">Executive branch of the Ukrainian Government</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Office of the President of Ukraine">Office of the President</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Style_(form_of_address)" title="Style (form of address)">Style</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/President_(government_title)" title="President (government title)">Mr. President</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(informal)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Commander%E2%80%93in%E2%80%93Chief" title="Supreme Commander–in–Chief">Supreme Commander–in–Chief</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(military)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Excellency" title="Excellency">His Excellency</a><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(diplomatic)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Executive_president" title="Executive president">Executive president</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">Head of state</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Member of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/National_Security_and_Defense_Council_of_Ukraine" title="National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine">National Security and Defense Council</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Official_residence" title="Official residence">Residence</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mariinskyi_Palace" title="Mariinskyi Palace">Mariinskyi Palace</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(ceremonial)</span><br /><a href="#Buildings">13 other</a> available for use</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Appointer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Direct_election" title="Direct election">Popular vote</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Term_of_office" title="Term of office">Term length</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Five years,<br />renewable once consecutively</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Constituting instrument</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine" title="Constitution of Ukraine">Constitution of Ukraine</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data">5 December 1991<span class="noprint">; 32 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1991-12-05</span>)</span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1041539562">.mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}</style><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_Dnone"><a href="#endnote_Dnone">[d]</a></sup> (first established)<br />28 June 1996<span class="noprint">; 28 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1996-06-28</span>)</span> (legal status defined)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First holder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kravchuk" title="Leonid Kravchuk">Leonid Kravchuk</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Verkhovna_Rada" title="Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada">Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Salary</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_hryvnia" title="Ukrainian hryvnia">₴</a>336,000 or US$12,300 per annum <abbr title="estimation">est.</abbr> (2016)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://president.gov.ua/en">president<wbr />.gov<wbr />.ua<wbr />/en</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>president of Ukraine</b> (Ukrainian: <span lang="uk">Президент України</span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Ukrainian-language romanization"><i lang="uk-Latn">Prezydent Ukrainy</i></span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="uk-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Ukrainian" title="Help:IPA/Ukrainian">[prezeˈdɛnt<span class="wrap"> </span>ʊkrɐˈjine]</a></span>) is the <a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">head of state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>. The president represents the nation in <a href="/wiki/International_relations" title="International relations">international relations</a>, administers the foreign political activity of the state, conducts negotiations and concludes international treaties. The president is <a href="/wiki/Direct_election" title="Direct election">directly elected</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_nationality_law" title="Ukrainian nationality law">citizens of Ukraine</a> for a five-year term of office (whether the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_presidential_elections" title="Ukrainian presidential elections">presidential election</a> is early or scheduled), limited to two terms consecutively.<sup id="cite_ref-New_Ukrainian_president_5-year_term_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Ukrainian_president_5-year_term-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The president's official residence is the <a href="/wiki/Mariinskyi_Palace" title="Mariinskyi Palace">Mariinskyi Palace</a>, located in the <a href="/wiki/Pecherskyi_District" title="Pecherskyi District">Pechersk</a> district of the capital <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a>. Other official residences include the <a href="/wiki/House_with_Chimaeras" title="House with Chimaeras">House with Chimaeras</a> and the <a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Weeping_Widow" title="House of the Weeping Widow">House of the Weeping Widow</a>, which are used for official visits by foreign representatives. The <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Office of the President of Ukraine">Office of the President of Ukraine</a>, unofficially known as "Bankova" in reference to the street it is located on, serves as the presidential office, advising the president in the domestic, foreign and legal matters. </p><p>Since the office's establishment on 5 December 1991, there have been six presidents of Ukraine. <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kravchuk" title="Leonid Kravchuk">Leonid Kravchuk</a> was the inaugural president, serving three years from 1991 until his resignation in 1994. <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kuchma" title="Leonid Kuchma">Leonid Kuchma</a> was the only president to have served two consecutive terms in office. <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yushchenko" title="Viktor Yushchenko">Viktor Yushchenko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Petro_Poroshenko" title="Petro Poroshenko">Petro Poroshenko</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yanukovych" title="Viktor Yanukovych">Viktor Yanukovych</a> served one term, with the latter being replaced by <a href="/wiki/Acting_(law)" title="Acting (law)">acting</a> president <a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Turchynov" title="Oleksandr Turchynov">Oleksandr Turchynov</a>, who then also served as <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Verkhovna_Rada" title="Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada">Chairman of the Ukrainian Parliament</a>, on 21 February 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-speaker_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-speaker-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Oleksandr Turchynov was the only <a href="/wiki/Acting_president" title="Acting president">acting president</a> in Ukraine's modern history. The powers of an acting president are severely limited. On 18 June 2015, Yanukovych was officially deprived of the title of president of Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-yanunopres_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yanunopres-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Government of Ukraine utilizes a <a href="/wiki/Semi-presidential_republic" title="Semi-presidential republic">semi-presidential system</a> in which the roles of the head of state and head of government are separate, thus the president of Ukraine is not the nation's head of government.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Ukraine" title="Prime Minister of Ukraine">prime minister</a> serves as the head of government,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a role currently filled by <a href="/wiki/Denys_Shmyhal" title="Denys Shmyhal">Denys Shmyhal</a> who took office in March 2020. </p><p>The current president is <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a>, who took the oath of office on 20 May 2019. Due to <a href="/wiki/Martial_law" title="Martial law">martial law</a>, elections in the country have been suspended.<sup id="cite_ref-economist_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-economist-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Ukraine" title="Politics of Ukraine">Politics of Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg/100px-Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg/150px-Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg/200px-Lesser_Coat_of_Arms_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="330" data-file-height="461" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine" title="Constitution of Ukraine">Constitution</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Ukraine" title="Human rights in Ukraine">Human rights</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Presidency</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div style="padding-top:0.3em;"> <ul><li><dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Office of the President of Ukraine">Office of the President</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/National_Security_and_Defense_Council_of_Ukraine" title="National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine">National Security and Defence Council</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Representatives_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Representatives of the President of Ukraine">Presidential representatives</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/State_symbols_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="State symbols of the President of Ukraine">Presidential symbols</a></dd></dl></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">Executive</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Ukraine" title="Prime Minister of Ukraine">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denys_Shmyhal" title="Denys Shmyhal">Denys Shmyhal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ukraine" title="Government of Ukraine">Cabinet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shmyhal_Government" title="Shmyhal Government">Shmyhal Government</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Legislation_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Legislation of Ukraine">Legislature</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada"><i>Verkhovna Rada</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(parliament)</span></a> <dl><dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Verkhovna_Rada" title="Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada">Chairman</a>: <a href="/wiki/Ruslan_Stefanchuk" title="Ruslan Stefanchuk">Ruslan Stefanchuk</a></span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Committees_of_the_Verkhovna_Rada" title="Committees of the Verkhovna Rada">Committees</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Deputy_of_Ukraine" title="People's Deputy of Ukraine">People's Deputy of Ukraine</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Imperative_mandate_(Ukraine)" title="Imperative mandate (Ukraine)">Imperative mandate</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Ukraine" title="Judiciary of Ukraine">Judiciary</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;;text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_Ukraine" title="Constitutional Court of Ukraine">Constitutional Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Ukraine" title="Supreme Court of Ukraine">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosecutor_General_of_Ukraine" title="Prosecutor General of Ukraine">Prosecutor General</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Ukraine#Local_elections" title="Elections in Ukraine">Local government</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li>Local state administration (<a href="/wiki/Chief_of_local_state_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief of local state administration">chief</a>)</li> <li>Local legislature</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine" title="Administrative divisions of Ukraine">Administrative divisions</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_republics_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous republics of Ukraine">Autonomous republics</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_Ukraine" title="Oblasts of Ukraine">Oblasts</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Raions_of_Ukraine" title="Raions of Ukraine">Raions</a></dd> <dd><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Ukraine" title="List of cities in Ukraine">Cities</a> (<a href="/wiki/City_with_special_status" title="City with special status">with special status</a>)</span></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Ukraine" title="Elections in Ukraine">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Election_Commission_(Ukraine)" title="Central Election Commission (Ukraine)">Central Election Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_Ukraine" title="Political parties in Ukraine">Political parties</a></li> <li>Recent elections <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_presidential_elections" title="Ukrainian presidential elections">Presidential</a> <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_Ukrainian_presidential_election" title="2014 Ukrainian presidential election">2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Ukrainian_presidential_election" title="2019 Ukrainian presidential election">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Next_Ukrainian_presidential_election" title="Next Ukrainian presidential election"><i>next</i></a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_parliamentary_elections" title="Ukrainian parliamentary elections">Parliamentary</a> <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_Ukrainian_parliamentary_election" title="2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election">2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2019_Ukrainian_parliamentary_election" title="2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election">2019</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Next_Ukrainian_parliamentary_election" title="Next Ukrainian parliamentary election"><i>next</i></a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></dd> <dd>Local <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/2014_Kyiv_local_election" title="2014 Kyiv local election">2014 <span style="font-size:85%;">(Kyiv)</span></a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Ukrainian_local_elections" title="2015 Ukrainian local elections">2015</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2020_Ukrainian_local_elections" title="2020 Ukrainian local elections">2020</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_Ukraine" title="Referendums in Ukraine">Referendums</a> <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/1991_Ukrainian_sovereignty_referendum" title="1991 Ukrainian sovereignty referendum">1991 (March)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1991_Ukrainian_independence_referendum" title="1991 Ukrainian independence referendum">1991 (Dec)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Ukrainian_constitutional_referendum" title="2000 Ukrainian constitutional referendum">2000</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Ukraine" title="Foreign relations of Ukraine">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Ukraine)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ukraine)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Ukraine)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Ukraine)">Minister</a>: <a href="/wiki/Dmytro_Kuleba" title="Dmytro Kuleba">Dmytro Kuleba</a></dd></dl></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Ukraine" title="List of diplomatic missions of Ukraine">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Ukraine" title="List of diplomatic missions in Ukraine">in Ukraine</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_nationality_law" title="Ukrainian nationality law">Nationality law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_passport" title="Ukrainian passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Ukrainian_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Ukrainian citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Ukraine" title="Visa policy of Ukraine">Visa policy</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_membership_of_Ukraine" title="International membership of Ukraine">International membership</a> <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">CIS</a></i></li><li><a href="/wiki/GUAM_Organization_for_Democracy_and_Economic_Development" title="GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development">GUAM</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Ukraine–European Union relations">Ukraine–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Ukraine–NATO relations">Ukraine–NATO relations</a> <dl><dd>Countries <dl><dd><div class="hlist" style="font-size:95%;line-height:1.2em;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Austria–Ukraine relations">Austria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Belarus–Ukraine relations">Belarus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Canada–Ukraine relations">Canada</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="China–Ukraine relations">China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Finland–Ukraine relations">Finland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="France–Ukraine relations">France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Georgia–Ukraine relations">Georgia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Germany–Ukraine relations">Germany</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Greece–Ukraine relations">Greece</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Iceland" title="Foreign relations of Iceland">Iceland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="India–Ukraine relations">India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Italy" title="Foreign relations of Italy">Italy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Japan–Ukraine relations">Japan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Latvia%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Latvia–Ukraine relations">Latvia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Lithuania–Ukraine relations">Lithuania</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Malta%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Malta–Ukraine relations">Malta</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Moldova%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Moldova–Ukraine relations">Moldova</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Montenegro%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Montenegro–Ukraine relations">Montenegro</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Poland%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Poland–Ukraine relations">Poland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Romania%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Romania–Ukraine relations">Romania</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Russia–Ukraine relations">Russia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Serbia%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Serbia–Ukraine relations">Serbia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Slovakia–Ukraine relations">Slovakia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="South Africa–Ukraine relations">South Africa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Sweden%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Sweden–Ukraine relations">Sweden</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Transnistrian_border_customs_issues" class="mw-redirect" title="Transnistrian border customs issues"><i>Transnistria</i></a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Ukraine–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Ukraine–United States relations">United States</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/International_membership_of_Ukraine" title="International membership of Ukraine">International organizations</a> <dl><dd><div class="hlist" style="font-size:95%;line-height:1.2em;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">CIS</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Ukraine–European Union relations">European Union</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/GUAM_Organization_for_Democracy_and_Economic_Development" title="GUAM Organization for Democracy and Economic Development">GUAM</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Ukraine–NATO relations">NATO</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></dd> <dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Ukraine" title="List of diplomatic missions of Ukraine">Diplomatic missions of Ukraine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Ukraine" title="List of diplomatic missions in Ukraine">in Ukraine</a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="text-align:left; background:lavender;;color: var(--color-base)">See also</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="padding-top:0;text-align:left;;text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_nationalism" title="Ukrainian nationalism">Ukrainian nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_of_Ukraine" title="Declaration of Independence of Ukraine">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Act_of_restoration_of_the_Ukrainian_state" title="Act of restoration of the Ukrainian state">Proclamation of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassette_Scandal" title="Cassette Scandal">Cassette Scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_without_Kuchma" title="Ukraine without Kuchma">Ukraine without Kuchma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Revolution" title="Orange Revolution">Orange Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Ukraine_gas_disputes" title="Russia–Ukraine gas disputes">Russia–Ukraine gas disputes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_of_National_Unity" title="Universal of National Unity">Universal of National Unity</a></li> <li><div class="hlist" style="white-space: nowrap;"><ul><li>Political crises of <a href="/wiki/2006_Ukrainian_political_crisis" title="2006 Ukrainian political crisis">2006</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2007_Ukrainian_political_crisis" title="2007 Ukrainian political crisis">2007</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2008_Ukrainian_political_crisis" title="2008 Ukrainian political crisis">2008</a></li></ul></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_Pact" title="Kharkiv Pact">Kharkiv Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Annexation of Crimea by Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/48px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/64px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ukraine" title="Portal:Ukraine">Ukraine portal</a> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Ukraine" title="Template:Politics of Ukraine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Ukraine" title="Template talk:Politics of Ukraine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Ukraine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2></div> <p>The president is also the supreme commander-in-chief of the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine" title="Armed Forces of Ukraine">Ukrainian Armed Forces</a>, and heads the <a href="/wiki/National_Security_and_Defense_Council_of_Ukraine" title="National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine">National Security and Defence Council</a>, which advises the president, co-ordinates and controls executive power in the sphere of national security and defence.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine#Article_102" class="extiw" title="s:Constitution of Ukraine">Constitution of Ukraine</a>, the president is the guarantor of the state's <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a>, territorial indivisibility, the observance of the Constitution of Ukraine and human and citizens' rights and freedoms. </p><p>As with the <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">separation of powers</a>, the president has checks on the authority of parliament and the judicial system. For instance, any law passed by the parliament can be vetoed by the president; however, parliament can override their veto with a 2/3 constitutional majority vote. The president has limited <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine#Article_90" class="extiw" title="s:Constitution of Ukraine">authority</a> to disband the <a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Verkhovna Rada</a> (parliament), and nominates candidates for the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Ukraine)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ukraine)">minister of foreign affairs</a> and the minister of defence in the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ukraine" title="Government of Ukraine">Ukrainian Cabinet of Ministers</a>. Six out of eighteen of the <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_Ukraine" title="Constitutional Court of Ukraine">Constitutional Court</a> judges are appointed by the president. Decisions of the president are subject to review by Ukraine's courts with the <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_Ukraine" title="Constitutional Court of Ukraine">Constitutional Court</a> having the sole authority and power to declare decrees of the president unconstitutional. While in office, the president enjoys the right of <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_immunity" title="Sovereign immunity">immunity</a>. </p><p>Ukrainian presidents are frequently asked by individual citizens for help in solving their personal problems (sometimes successfully); in 2012, (then) president Yanukovych received about 10,000 to 12,000 letters from people every month.<sup id="cite_ref-helpmeprespm_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-helpmeprespm-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:139px;max-width:139px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:137px;max-width:137px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hrushevskyi_Mykhailo_XX.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Hrushevskyi_Mykhailo_XX.jpg/135px-Hrushevskyi_Mykhailo_XX.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Hrushevskyi_Mykhailo_XX.jpg/203px-Hrushevskyi_Mykhailo_XX.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Hrushevskyi_Mykhailo_XX.jpg/270px-Hrushevskyi_Mykhailo_XX.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="1003" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">President of the <a href="/wiki/Tsentralna_Rada" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsentralna Rada">Central Council</a> <a href="/wiki/Mykhailo_Hrushevskyi" class="mw-redirect" title="Mykhailo Hrushevskyi">Mykhailo Hrushevskyi</a> (1917–18)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:137px;max-width:137px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Skoropadsky_-_before_1917.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Skoropadsky_-_before_1917.jpg/135px-Skoropadsky_-_before_1917.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="187" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Skoropadsky_-_before_1917.jpg/203px-Skoropadsky_-_before_1917.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Skoropadsky_-_before_1917.jpg/270px-Skoropadsky_-_before_1917.jpg 2x" data-file-width="906" data-file-height="1255" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Hetman_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Hetman of Ukraine">Hetman</a> <a href="/wiki/Pavlo_Skoropadskyi" title="Pavlo Skoropadskyi">Pavlo Skoropadskyi</a> (1918)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:137px;max-width:137px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vynnychenko.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Vynnychenko.jpg/135px-Vynnychenko.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Vynnychenko.jpg/203px-Vynnychenko.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Vynnychenko.jpg/270px-Vynnychenko.jpg 2x" data-file-width="288" data-file-height="390" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">President of the <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Ukraine" title="Directorate of Ukraine">Directorate</a> <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Vynnychenko" title="Volodymyr Vynnychenko">Volodymyr Vynnychenko</a> (1918–19)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:137px;max-width:137px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symon_Petlura._Photo_1919.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Symon_Petlura._Photo_1919.jpg/135px-Symon_Petlura._Photo_1919.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Symon_Petlura._Photo_1919.jpg/203px-Symon_Petlura._Photo_1919.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Symon_Petlura._Photo_1919.jpg/270px-Symon_Petlura._Photo_1919.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1122" data-file-height="1468" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">President of the <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Ukraine" title="Directorate of Ukraine">Directorate</a> <a href="/wiki/Symon_Petliura" title="Symon Petliura">Symon Petliura</a> (1919–1926)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:137px;max-width:137px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Andrij_Liwycki.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Andrij_Liwycki.jpg/135px-Andrij_Liwycki.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Andrij_Liwycki.jpg/203px-Andrij_Liwycki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Andrij_Liwycki.jpg/270px-Andrij_Liwycki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="272" data-file-height="371" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">President of the <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Ukraine" title="Directorate of Ukraine">Directorate</a> <a href="/wiki/Andriy_Livytskyi" title="Andriy Livytskyi">Andriy Livytskyi</a> (1926–1948)</div></div></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_leadership">Early leadership</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Hetman_of_Zaporizhian_Host" class="mw-redirect" title="Hetman of Zaporizhian Host">Hetman of Zaporizhian Host</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hetman_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Hetman of Ukraine">Hetman of Ukraine</a></div> <p>Prior to the formation of the modern Ukrainian presidency, the previous Ukrainian head of state office was officially established in exile by <a href="/wiki/Andriy_Livytskyi" title="Andriy Livytskyi">Andriy Livytskyi</a>. At first, the de facto leader of the nation was the president of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Council_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Council of Ukraine">Central Rada</a> in the early years of the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="Ukrainian People's Republic">Ukrainian People's Republic</a>, while the highest governing body was the <a href="/wiki/General_Secretariat_of_Ukraine" title="General Secretariat of Ukraine">General Secretariat</a> headed by its chairperson. With the proclamation of the last <a href="/wiki/Universal_(act)" title="Universal (act)">universal</a> of the UPR dated 25 January 1918 due to military aggression, the Central Rada of the UPR proclaimed its independence from <a href="/wiki/Russian_Republic" title="Russian Republic">Russia</a>. On 29 April 1918, the Rada elected <a href="/wiki/Mykhailo_Hrushevsky" title="Mykhailo Hrushevsky">Mykhailo Hrushevsky</a> as the first president of the Central Rada of the Ukrainian People's Republic,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in effect making him the <i>de facto</i> leader of the republic. Although a rather widespread misconception, the state leadership position title varied and none of them had an official "presidential" title. </p><p>On 29 April 1918 the Central Rada was arrested and liquidated during a coup d'état initiated by the local German administration to install <a href="/wiki/Hetman" title="Hetman">Hetman</a> <a href="/wiki/Pavlo_Skoropadskyi" title="Pavlo Skoropadskyi">Pavlo Skoropadskyi</a> who barely spoke a word of the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian language</a>. In November of the same year the <a href="/wiki/Directorate_of_Ukraine" title="Directorate of Ukraine">directorate</a> government of the UPR was established as the opposition movement to the Skoropadsky's regime. The Ukrainian People's Republic was soon re-established in December 1918 with <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Vynnychenko" title="Volodymyr Vynnychenko">Volodymyr Vynnychenko</a> as the Directorate's chairperson, serving as the republic's <i>de facto</i> second "president" from 19 December 1918 to 10 February 1919.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although really the Directorate was the temporary governing body until the new Ukrainian Constituent Assembly would elect its president. <a href="/wiki/Symon_Petliura" title="Symon Petliura">Symon Petliura</a> assumed the representation of the state after Vynnychenko's resignation on 11 February 1919 and until Petlyura's assassination in Paris on 25 May 1926. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Timeline">Timeline</h4></div> <ul><li>1471–1793: <a href="/wiki/List_of_voivodes_of_Kiev" title="List of voivodes of Kiev">Voivodes of Kyiv</a></li> <li>1648–1764: <a href="/wiki/Hetman_of_the_Zaporizhian_Host" class="mw-redirect" title="Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host">Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host</a></li> <li>1917–1918: President of <a href="/wiki/Central_Council_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Council of Ukraine">Ukrainian Central Council</a></li> <li>1917–1990: <a href="/wiki/First_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Ukraine" title="First Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine">First Secretary</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Ukraine_(Soviet_Union)" title="Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union)">Communist Party</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1918–1918: <a href="/wiki/Hetman_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Hetman of Ukraine">Hetman</a></li> <li>1918–1948: (in exile since 1921)</li> <li>1938–1990: Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Presidium_of_the_Supreme_Soviet_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Presidium of the Supreme Soviet</a> (de jure head of state)</li> <li>1990–1991: Chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Soviet_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Supreme Soviet</a></li> <li>1948–1991: <a href="/wiki/President_of_Ukraine_(in_exile)" title="President of Ukraine (in exile)">President (in exile)</a></li> <li>since 1991: President</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_exile">In exile</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/President_of_Ukraine_(in_exile)" title="President of Ukraine (in exile)">President of Ukraine (in exile)</a></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_War_of_Independence" title="Ukrainian War of Independence">Soviet offensive</a> in 1920 brought control of the Ukrainian territory under the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian Socialist Soviet Republic</a>, the Ukrainian People's Republic was forced into exile. Upon the assassination of Petliura, the control over the state affairs were transferred to the former Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Andriy_Livytskyi" title="Andriy Livytskyi">Andriy Livytskyi</a> who in 1948 created the office of the president of Ukraine. Livytskyi served as the first president (in exile) until January 1954. <a href="/wiki/Stepan_Vytvytskyi" title="Stepan Vytvytskyi">Stepan Vytvytskyi</a> served after Livytskyi from January 1954 until his death on 9 October 1965. Following Vytvytskyi's death, Ivan Bahrianyi temporarily carried out the presidential authority until the third president-in-exile <a href="/wiki/Mykola_Livytskyi" title="Mykola Livytskyi">Mykola Livytskyi</a> (son of the first president-in-exile) was sworn into office.<sup id="cite_ref-ukrmoloda_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ukrmoloda-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Livytskyi served from 1967 until his death in December 1989. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mykola_Plaviuk" title="Mykola Plaviuk">Mykola Plaviuk</a> was the last president-in-exile (and the fourth), serving from December 1989 until his resignation on 22 August 1992 when he ceremonially gave in his presidential authority and state symbols to the newly elected Ukrainian president <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kravchuk" title="Leonid Kravchuk">Leonid Kravchuk</a> at his inauguration ceremony.<sup id="cite_ref-ukr_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ukr-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his declaration, it is stated that the current Ukrainian state is the legal successor following the state traditions of the Ukrainian People's Republic,<sup id="cite_ref-ukrmoloda_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ukrmoloda-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ukr_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ukr-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> establishing the continuity of the republic. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yanukovych" title="Viktor Yanukovych">Viktor Yanukovych</a> has claimed to be the legitimate president of Ukraine stating that the events of the <a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_Dignity" title="Revolution of Dignity">2014 Ukrainian Revolution</a> amounted to a coup and that the impeachment process has not been properly carried out. On 3 October 2014, a Ukrainian official said that Viktor Yanukovych and other former top officials have obtained Russian citizenship in a "secret decree" signed by Vladimir Putin.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> If this actually turned out to be true, it would suggest that Yanukovich had given up his claims for presidency as Ukrainian law does not allow for dual citizenship.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_presidency">Modern presidency</h3></div> <p>The modern Ukrainian presidency was established on 5 July 1991 by the <a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada#History" title="Verkhovna Rada">Verkhovna Rada</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic</a>, which formed the office of "president of the Ukrainian SSR" (<a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk">Президент Української РСР</span>).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the transitional period until the <a href="/wiki/1991_Ukrainian_presidential_election" title="1991 Ukrainian presidential election">presidential elections</a>, the Chairperson of the Verkhovna Rada (then held by Leonid Kravchuk) was empowered with a presidential authority. With the proclamation of Ukrainian independence from the Soviet Union, the office's official title was changed to "President of Ukraine" on 24 August. In the current Constitution, the Ukrainian presidency is defined in <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine#Chapter_V:_President_of_Ukraine" class="extiw" title="s:Constitution of Ukraine">Chapter V</a>, Articles 102–112. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RIAN_archive_41059_CIS_heads_of_state.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/RIAN_archive_41059_CIS_heads_of_state.jpg/250px-RIAN_archive_41059_CIS_heads_of_state.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/RIAN_archive_41059_CIS_heads_of_state.jpg/375px-RIAN_archive_41059_CIS_heads_of_state.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/RIAN_archive_41059_CIS_heads_of_state.jpg/500px-RIAN_archive_41059_CIS_heads_of_state.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1172" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kravchuk" title="Leonid Kravchuk">Leonid Kravchuk</a> (left), first President of Ukraine, along with other heads of states of the newly formed <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Independent_States" title="Commonwealth of Independent States">Commonwealth of Independent States</a> in 1991</figcaption></figure> <p>So far, five presidential elections have been conducted. The first election in 1991 was held at the same time as Ukrainians voted to support the <a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_of_Ukraine" title="Declaration of Independence of Ukraine">Declaration of Independence</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1991_Ukrainian_independence_referendum" title="1991 Ukrainian independence referendum">independence referendum</a>. <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kravchuk" title="Leonid Kravchuk">Leonid Kravchuk</a> was elected Ukraine's first president on 1 December 1991. He was elected by a record number of voters with over 19.5 million who wanted him to remain as the leader of the state. That number has not been beaten yet. His major opponents were the leader of <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Movement_of_Ukraine" title="People's Movement of Ukraine">Rukh</a> <a href="/wiki/Viacheslav_Chornovil" title="Viacheslav Chornovil">Vyacheslav Chornovil</a> and the author of the Declaration of Independence. President Kravchuk remained in office until he resigned as part of a political compromise. A <a href="/wiki/Snap_election" title="Snap election">snap election</a> was held in <a href="/wiki/1994_Ukrainian_presidential_election" title="1994 Ukrainian presidential election">1994</a>, which was won by Ukraine's former Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kuchma" title="Leonid Kuchma">Leonid Kuchma</a>. Kuchma was re-elected for a second term of office in <a href="/wiki/1999_Ukrainian_presidential_election" title="1999 Ukrainian presidential election">1999</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/2004_Ukrainian_presidential_election" title="2004 Ukrainian presidential election">2004 election</a> was marked by controversy with allegations of electoral fraud in the conduct of the second round <a href="/wiki/Two-round_system" title="Two-round system">runoff</a> ballot between opposition candidate <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yushchenko" title="Viktor Yushchenko">Viktor Yushchenko</a> and the government-backed candidate and former Prime Minister Viktor Yanukovych. After mass nationwide protests, colloquially known as the "<a href="/wiki/Orange_Revolution" title="Orange Revolution">Orange Revolution</a>", a new election was held on 26 December 2004 in which Yushchenko was declared the winner with 52% of the vote and was subsequently sworn into office on 23 January 2005. Yanukovych again served as Prime Minister. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/2010_Ukrainian_presidential_election" title="2010 Ukrainian presidential election">2010 election</a> took place on 17 January, with a run-off on 7 February due to a 13 May Constitutional Court ruling striking down 25 October date that the parliament called in April 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of this election Yanukovych was elected the fourth modern president of Ukraine. </p><p>After Yanukovych was removed from power in early 2014 as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_Dignity" title="Revolution of Dignity">2014 Ukrainian revolution</a> the chairperson of parliament <a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Turchynov" title="Oleksandr Turchynov">Oleksandr Turchynov</a> was appointed to the role of acting president by the <a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Verkhovna Rada</a> in accordance with article 112 of the Constitution of Ukraine. Oleksandr Turchynov served as the acting president from 23 February until 7 June 2014 and was the only person in Ukrainian history to serve in the role. The acting president of Ukraine lacks many of the executive powers of a president and is only meant to serve for a short time before a new election can take place. During his tenure Oleksandr Turchynov was addressed as "acting president" by other Ukrainian politicians and the media. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/2014_Ukrainian_presidential_election" title="2014 Ukrainian presidential election">2014 election</a> took place on 25 May, with entrepreneur <a href="/wiki/Petro_Poroshenko" title="Petro Poroshenko">Petro Poroshenko</a> winning over 54 percent of the vote; <a href="/wiki/Yulia_Tymoshenko" title="Yulia Tymoshenko">Yulia Tymoshenko</a> was the runner up with around 13 percent.<sup id="cite_ref-wp_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Runners_and_risks_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Runners_and_risks-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-BBCESR_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCESR-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CEC_election_results_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CEC_election_results-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-New_Ukrainian_president_5-year_term_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Ukrainian_president_5-year_term-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Poroshenko was sworn in as president on 7 June 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-Inaugurated_7_June_2014_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Inaugurated_7_June_2014-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 18 June 2015 Yanukovych was officially deprived of the title of President of Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-yanunopres_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yanunopres-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/2019_Ukrainian_presidential_election" title="2019 Ukrainian presidential election">2019 election</a> took place on 31 March, with a run-off on 21 April. As a result of this election, <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelensky" class="mw-redirect" title="Volodymyr Zelensky">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a>, a former actor and comedian with no prior political experience became the sixth President of Ukraine, scoring a record 73.22% of the popular vote in the run-off against incumbent Poroshenko. Due to <a href="/wiki/Martial_law" title="Martial law">martial law</a> in the country as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>, elections in the country have been suspended.<sup id="cite_ref-economist_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-economist-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ukraine" title="Government of Ukraine">Government of Ukraine</a> is based on a <a href="/wiki/Semi-presidential_republic" title="Semi-presidential republic">semi-presidential system</a>. The president of Ukraine is the head of state while the prime minister is the <a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">head of government</a> with the current prime minister being <a href="/wiki/Denys_Shmyhal" title="Denys Shmyhal">Denys Shmyhal</a>. Ukraine is somewhat unusual in that while many countries use a similar system typically the role of one leader is relegated to being ceremonial, in Ukraine however both the prime minister and the president have great power and responsibility assigned to their roles. Because the president of Ukraine must approve the appointment of the prime minister the post of president is generally thought of as the more powerful role.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Election_and_eligibility">Election and eligibility</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_presidential_elections" title="Ukrainian presidential elections">Ukrainian presidential elections</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_2019_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_(%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_2019_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%28%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%29.svg/300px-%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_2019_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%28%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_2019_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%28%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%29.svg/450px-%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_2019_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%28%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_2019_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%28%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%29.svg/600px-%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2_%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D0%B8_2019_%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8_%28%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3500" data-file-height="3100" /></a><figcaption>Results of the first round by electoral district: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""><span style="border:thin solid black"><span style="border-left:1.2em solid;border-left-color: #00c45e" title="#00C45E"></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelensky" class="mw-redirect" title="Volodymyr Zelensky">Volodymyr Zelensky</a><br /><span style="border:thin solid black"><span style="border-left:1.2em solid;border-left-color: #8b054a" title="#8B054A"></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Petro_Poroshenko" title="Petro Poroshenko">Petro Poroshenko</a><br /><span style="border:thin solid black"><span style="border-left:1.2em solid;border-left-color: #002aa0" title="#002AA0"></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Yulia_Tymoshenko" title="Yulia Tymoshenko">Yulia Tymoshenko</a><br /><span style="border:thin solid black"><span style="border-left:1.2em solid;border-left-color: #08e" title="#08E"></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Yuriy_Boyko" title="Yuriy Boyko">Yuriy Boyko</a><br /><span style="border:thin solid black"><span style="border-left:1.2em solid;border-left-color: #C0C0C0" title="#C0C0C0"></span></span> Election was not held due to the <a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas_(2014%E2%80%932022)" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Donbas (2014–2022)">war in Donbas</a> or <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexation by Russia</a></div></figcaption></figure> <p>The Ukrainian president is elected by <a href="/wiki/Direct_election" title="Direct election">direct</a> popular vote by Ukrainian citizens who are 18 years and over. The president is elected for a 5-year term of office, limited to two terms consecutively. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_Bnone"><a href="#endnote_Bnone">[b]</a></sup> </p><p>Ukraine's electoral law provides for a two-round electoral system to elect the president; a candidate must win an absolute majority of all votes cast. If no candidate obtains an absolute majority in the first round of voting then the two highest polling candidates contest a run-off second ballot.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine#Article_103" class="extiw" title="s:Constitution of Ukraine">Chapter V, Article 103</a> of the Constitution, to be elected president a candidate must be a Ukrainian citizen who has attained the age of 35, has the right to vote, and has resided in the country for the past 10 years<sup id="cite_ref-VKiPUIU241013_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VKiPUIU241013-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has full command of the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian state language</a>. Per the Constitution, regular presidential elections are scheduled to be held on the last Sunday of the last month of the fifth year of the incumbent president's term. If the president's authority has ended pre-term, then the elections must be held within 90 days of the incumbent president's end of term. </p><p>Candidates seeking election are required to pay a nomination deposit of 2,500,000 <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_hryvnia" title="Ukrainian hryvnia">hryvnias</a> (approx. 90,000 US Dollars) which is refunded only to those candidates that progress to the second round of voting.<sup id="cite_ref-pravda7198122perPoUEwa_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pravda7198122perPoUEwa-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The last presidential elections took place on 21 April 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dateset3_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dateset3-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oath_and_term_of_office">Oath and term of office</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_presidential_inauguration" title="Ukrainian presidential inauguration">Ukrainian presidential inauguration</a></div> <p>According to <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine#Article_104" class="extiw" title="s:Constitution of Ukraine">Article 104</a> of the Constitution, the president of Ukraine assumes office no later than in thirty days after the official announcement of the election results, from the moment of taking the <a href="/wiki/Oath_of_office" title="Oath of office">oath</a> to the people at a ceremonial meeting of the Verkhovna Rada, the Ukrainian parliament. If the president is elected following <a href="/wiki/By-election" title="By-election">special elections</a> in the event of the previous president's resignation, impeachment or death, the president-elect must take oath of office within five days after the publication of the official election results. </p><p>The Chairperson of the <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_Ukraine" title="Constitutional Court of Ukraine">Constitutional Court of Ukraine</a> administers the oath of office. The president-elect recites the Ukrainian oath of office with their hand on the Constitution and the <a href="/wiki/Peresopnytsia_Gospel" title="Peresopnytsia Gospel">Peresopnytsia Gospels</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-news.ru_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-news.ru-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><sup class="citation nobold" id="ref_Cnone"><a href="#endnote_Cnone">[c]</a></sup> The Ukrainian text of the oath according to the article 104 is: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><i>Я, (ім'я та прізвище), волею народу обраний Президентом України, заступаючи на цей високий пост, урочисто присягаю на вірність Україні. Зобов'язуюсь усіма своїми справами боронити суверенітет і незалежність України, дбати про благо Вітчизни і добробут Українського народу, обстоювати права і свободи громадян, додержуватися Конституції України і законів України, виконувати свої обов'язки в інтересах усіх співвітчизників, підносити авторитет України у світі.</i></p></blockquote> <p>Official English translation: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><i>I, (name and surname), elected by the will of the people as the President of Ukraine, assuming this high office, do solemnly swear allegiance to Ukraine. I pledge with all my undertakings to protect the sovereignty and independence of Ukraine, to provide for the good of the Motherland and the welfare of the Ukrainian people, to protect the rights and freedoms of citizens, to abide by the Constitution of Ukraine and the laws of Ukraine, to exercise my duties in the interests of all compatriots, and to enhance the prestige of Ukraine in the world.</i><sup id="cite_ref-s-en_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s-en-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>After conducting the oath, the president signs the text of the oath of office and transfers it over to the Chairperson of the Constitutional Court.<sup id="cite_ref-news.ru_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-news.ru-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Duties_and_powers">Duties and powers</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pres-adm-ukraine-2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Pres-adm-ukraine-2008.jpg/250px-Pres-adm-ukraine-2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Pres-adm-ukraine-2008.jpg/375px-Pres-adm-ukraine-2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Pres-adm-ukraine-2008.jpg/500px-Pres-adm-ukraine-2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>The building of the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Office of the President of Ukraine">Presidential Office</a> (unofficially called "Bankova") in central <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a> is located on the pedestrian <a href="/wiki/Bankova_Street" title="Bankova Street">Bankova Street</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>According to <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine#Article_102" class="extiw" title="s:Constitution of Ukraine">Article 102</a> of the Constitution, the president is the guarantor of state sovereignty and territorial indivisibility of Ukraine, the observer of the Constitution and human rights and freedoms. As stated in <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine#Article_106" class="extiw" title="s:Constitution of Ukraine">Article 106</a>, the president ensures state independence, national security and the legal succession of the state, also serving as supreme commander-in-chief of the military. Unlike in other semi-presidential systems of government, the president of Ukraine does not belong to the executive branch of government. The Prime Minister is Ukraine's head of government. Thus, the president serves to represent the country and government as a whole, and not any specific branch of government.<sup id="cite_ref-kmu_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kmu-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The president is obliged by the Constitution to prevent any actions of the executive, legislative and judicial branches from taking effect and interfering with the powers of the Constitution.<sup id="cite_ref-kmu_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kmu-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the president is barred by the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine" title="Constitution of Ukraine">Constitution</a> from heading a <a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Ukraine" title="List of political parties in Ukraine">political party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The president has the power to submit a proposal for the nomination of the Prime Minister; the Verkhovna Rada, through a constitutional majority, has to support the candidacy.<sup id="cite_ref-YanichoosesPM_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-YanichoosesPM-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Laws passed by the Verkhovna Rada have to be signed by the president to become officially <a href="/wiki/Promulgation" title="Promulgation">promulgated</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The president also has the authority to create consultative, advisory and other subordinate government bodies for their authority with the use of the state budget. The president may address the nation and the Verkhovna Rada with their annual and special addresses on domestic and foreign issues of Ukraine. They may also call for the conduction of national referendums. The president appoints the heads of local state administrations nominated by the Prime Minister for the period of their presidency.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The president represents the country and government as a whole in international affairs. The president has the authority to conduct negotiations and sign treaties on behalf of the Ukrainian government. The right to recognize foreign nations rests solely with the president. The president may appoint and dismiss heads of <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Ukraine" title="List of diplomatic missions of Ukraine">diplomatic missions of Ukraine</a> to other states and to international organisations and accept the recall of diplomatic representatives to Ukraine of foreign states. Although the president does not head the executive branch of government, he has the right to nominate their candidates for <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Ukraine)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ukraine)">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(Ukraine)" title="Ministry of Defence (Ukraine)">Minister of Defence</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ukraine" title="Government of Ukraine">Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-unianpolitics10900394_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unianpolitics10900394-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20080929-8_d-0665-4-515h_President_Yuschenko_in_USA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/20080929-8_d-0665-4-515h_President_Yuschenko_in_USA.jpg/250px-20080929-8_d-0665-4-515h_President_Yuschenko_in_USA.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/20080929-8_d-0665-4-515h_President_Yuschenko_in_USA.jpg/375px-20080929-8_d-0665-4-515h_President_Yuschenko_in_USA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/20080929-8_d-0665-4-515h_President_Yuschenko_in_USA.jpg/500px-20080929-8_d-0665-4-515h_President_Yuschenko_in_USA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="514" data-file-height="355" /></a><figcaption>Then-president <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yushchenko" title="Viktor Yushchenko">Viktor Yushchenko</a> meeting with then-U.S. president <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> in 2008</figcaption></figure> <p>As per the <a href="/wiki/Separation_of_powers" title="Separation of powers">checks and balances</a> system of Ukrainian government, the president can veto laws adopted by the Verkhovna Rada (except constitutional amendments). The president wields high power in the legislative branch of government compared to other European heads of state. They may disband the parliament and call for early elections.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This power has only been used twice to date, first by president Viktor Yushchenko in <a href="/wiki/2007_Ukrainian_parliamentary_election" title="2007 Ukrainian parliamentary election">2007</a>, and by president Volodymyr Zelenskyy in <a href="/wiki/2019_Ukrainian_parliamentary_election" title="2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election">2019</a>. The legislative branches' check on the president includes the right to overturn a presidential veto with a two-thirds majority vote of the parliament. </p><p>The president can suspend acts passed by the Cabinet of Ministers if they contradict the intent of the Constitution and challenge such acts with the Constitutional Court, one-third of which can be appointed (and dismissed) by the president. Ukrainian law also allows the president to establish new jurisdictional districts and courts. In addition, the president can select the <a href="/wiki/Prosecutor_General_of_Ukraine" title="Prosecutor General of Ukraine">Prosecutor General</a> and Head of the <a href="/wiki/Security_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Security Service of Ukraine">Security Service of Ukraine</a> with the Verkhovna Rada's consent. One-half of the Council of the <a href="/wiki/National_Bank_of_Ukraine" title="National Bank of Ukraine">National Bank of Ukraine</a> and the National Council of Ukraine on Television and Radio Broadcasting is reserved for the president to select. </p><p>In addition to serving as the head of state, the president is the Armed Forces of Ukraine's <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Commander%E2%80%93in%E2%80%93Chief" title="Supreme Commander–in–Chief">Supreme Commander-in-Chief</a><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Article 106, paragraph 17) and the Head of the National Security and Defence Council,<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which advises the president regarding national security policy on domestic and international matters. The president can submit a declaration of war to the parliament and order the use of the Ukrainian Army and military formations in defence of aggression. <a href="/wiki/Martial_law" title="Martial law">Martial law</a> can also be declared on the territory of Ukraine if state independence is deemed in danger. With the confirmation of the Verkhovna Rada, a <a href="/wiki/State_of_emergency" title="State of emergency">state of emergency</a> or zones of ecological emergency can also be adopted by the president. </p><p>Unconditional <a href="/wiki/Pardon" title="Pardon">pardon</a> is reserved exclusively for the president; however, this right cannot be exercised by an acting president. The president can also confer citizens with state orders such as the <a href="/wiki/Hero_of_Ukraine" title="Hero of Ukraine">Hero of Ukraine</a> or confer high military, diplomatic and other ranks and class orders. <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_nationality_law" title="Ukrainian nationality law">Citizenship</a> and <a href="/wiki/Right_of_asylum" title="Right of asylum">political asylum</a> in Ukraine can be granted and revoked by the president of Ukraine and as regulated by law. </p><p>The president of Ukraine appoints heads of <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Ukraine" title="Local government in Ukraine">regional state administrations</a> (<i>oblderzhadministratsia</i>) after a nomination by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> presidential representatives to the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Autonomous Republic of Crimea">Autonomous Republic of Crimea</a>, Verkhovna Rada, and others. The president does not act as an <a href="/wiki/Ex_officio_member" title="Ex officio member">ex officio</a> head of state of Crimea. The president can revoke any laws passed by the Council of Ministers of Crimea that are deemed to contradict the Ukrainian Constitution and can provide the presidential consent on a nominee for <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Crimea" title="Prime Minister of Crimea">Prime Minister of Crimea</a>. </p><p>The Constitution of Ukraine states that the title of President of Ukraine is preserved by law for the lifetime of the holder, if the president is not removed from the post by impeachment proceedings.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_presidential_appointments">List of presidential appointments</h3></div> <ul><li>Heads of diplomatic missions of Ukraine (ambassadors)</li> <li>Prime Minister of Ukraine (consent of the Verkhovna Rada), in 1996–2004 and 2010–2014</li> <li>Members of Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (submission of Prime-Minister), in 1996–2004 and 2010–2014</li> <li>Minister of Defence and Minister of Foreign Affairs</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosecutor_General_of_Ukraine" title="Prosecutor General of Ukraine">Prosecutor General of Ukraine</a> (consent of the Verkhovna Rada)</li> <li>Chairperson of the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Monopoly_Committee_(Ukraine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Monopoly Committee (Ukraine)">Anti-Monopoly Committee</a> of Ukraine (consent of the Verkhovna Rada)</li> <li>Chairperson of the <a href="/wiki/State_Property_Fund_of_Ukraine" title="State Property Fund of Ukraine">State Property Fund of Ukraine</a> (consent of the Verkhovna Rada)</li> <li>Chairperson of the State Committee of Ukraine on Television and Radio-broadcasting (consent of the Verkhovna Rada)</li> <li>Members of other central bodies of executive power (submission of Prime-Minister)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_local_state_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief of local state administration">Heads of regional government</a> (including the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_representative_of_Ukraine_in_Crimea" title="Presidential representative of Ukraine in Crimea">Presidential representative of Ukraine in Crimea</a>) (on the submission of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine for the term of office of the Head of the State<sup id="cite_ref-s-118_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-s-118-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</li> <li>Members of the Council of the <a href="/wiki/National_Bank_of_Ukraine" title="National Bank of Ukraine">National Bank of Ukraine</a> (one-half of the composition)</li> <li>Members of the National Council of Ukraine on Television and Radio-broadcasting (one-half of the composition)</li> <li>The High Command of the Armed Forces of Ukraine and main military formations</li> <li>Constitutional Court of Ukraine (one-third of the composition)</li> <li>Head of the <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Office of the President of Ukraine">Presidential Administration of Ukraine</a><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Presidential first aide<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Presidential press secretary<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supporting_agencies">Supporting agencies</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Viktor_Yuschenko_bodyguards.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Viktor_Yuschenko_bodyguards.jpg/250px-Viktor_Yuschenko_bodyguards.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Viktor_Yuschenko_bodyguards.jpg/375px-Viktor_Yuschenko_bodyguards.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Viktor_Yuschenko_bodyguards.jpg/500px-Viktor_Yuschenko_bodyguards.jpg 2x" data-file-width="562" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/State_Security_Administration_(Ukraine)" title="State Security Administration (Ukraine)">State Security</a> bodyguards surrounding Viktor Yushchenko (far left) in <a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk">Gdańsk</a>, 2004</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Security_agencies">Security agencies</h4></div> <ul><li>War Cabinet <ul><li>Stavka of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief (Armed Forces of Ukraine)</li> <li>General Staff (Joint Operation Staff)</li></ul></li> <li>National Security and Defence Council (RNBO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Security Service of Ukraine">Security Service of Ukraine</a> (SBU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine">Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine</a> (SZR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Special_Communications_Service_of_Ukraine" title="State Special Communications Service of Ukraine">State Special Communications Service of Ukraine</a> (Derzhspetszvyazok)</li> <li>Pardons Commission<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Administrative_agencies">Administrative agencies</h4></div> <ul><li>National Institute of Strategic Research</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Academy_for_Public_Administration" title="National Academy for Public Administration">National Academy of State Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Office of the President of Ukraine">Presidential Administration of Ukraine</a> (APU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Management_of_Affairs_(Ukraine)" title="State Management of Affairs (Ukraine)">State Administration of Affairs</a> (DUS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_local_state_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief of local state administration">Local State Administrations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Assembly_of_Ukraine" title="Constitutional Assembly of Ukraine">Constitutional Assembly of Ukraine</a><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Impeachment">Impeachment</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_in_Ukraine" title="Impeachment in Ukraine">Impeachment in Ukraine</a></div> <p>In order to <a href="/wiki/Impeachment" title="Impeachment">impeach</a> the president, they must be suspected of <a href="/wiki/Treason" title="Treason">treason</a> to the state or other crimes.<sup id="cite_ref-2293014-impeachment_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2293014-impeachment-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A majority in the Verkhovna Rada (226 ayes) must support a procedure of impeachment for it to begin.<sup id="cite_ref-2293014-impeachment_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2293014-impeachment-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A temporary investigative commission is established by the parliament for the <a href="/wiki/Impeachment_investigation" title="Impeachment investigation">impeachment investigation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2293014-impeachment_52-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2293014-impeachment-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The commission's final conclusions are considered at a parliamentary meeting. </p><p>To adopt an impeachment resolution, a minimum two-thirds of the parliament (300 members) must support the impeachment procedure. To remove the president from office, a minimum three-quarters of parliament (338 members) must support the resolution.<sup id="cite_ref-2293014-impeachment_52-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2293014-impeachment-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Constitutional and the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Ukraine" title="Supreme Court of Ukraine">Supreme Court of Ukraine</a>'s conclusions and decisions are considered at the parliamentary meetings.<sup id="cite_ref-2293014-impeachment_52-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2293014-impeachment-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Succession">Succession</h2></div> <p>In the event that a president dies in office or is incapable of committing their duties as president, the <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Verkhovna_Rada" title="Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada">Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada</a> becomes the acting president until a new president is elected.<sup id="cite_ref-2293014-impeachment_52-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2293014-impeachment-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The acting president is not given the authority to address the nation and parliament, dismiss the legislative branch and appoint candidates for parliamentary approval of government and judicial posts. The acting president cannot call for a referendum, grant military ranks and state orders and exercise their right of pardon. There are no constitutional provisions for presidential succession in case both the president and chairperson's posts are vacant. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Privileges">Privileges</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ukraine_Air_Enterprise_Il-62.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ukraine_Air_Enterprise_Il-62.JPG/221px-Ukraine_Air_Enterprise_Il-62.JPG" decoding="async" width="221" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ukraine_Air_Enterprise_Il-62.JPG/332px-Ukraine_Air_Enterprise_Il-62.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ukraine_Air_Enterprise_Il-62.JPG/442px-Ukraine_Air_Enterprise_Il-62.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>Presidential <a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Air_Enterprise" title="Ukraine Air Enterprise">Ukraine Air Enterprise</a> <a href="/wiki/Ilyushin_Il-62" title="Ilyushin Il-62">Il-62</a></figcaption></figure> <p>An election as President of Ukraine garners many privileges of office to an individual. Full <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_immunity" title="Sovereign immunity">legal immunity</a> is granted from all prosecutions and legal proceedings, excluding parliament's right to impeach the president during their tenure.<sup id="cite_ref-Zelensky566NAPC_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zelensky566NAPC-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The title of President of Ukraine itself is protected by law and is reserved for the president for life, unless they have been impeached from office. According to <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine#Article_105" class="extiw" title="s:Constitution of Ukraine">Article 105</a> of the Constitution, offending the honour and dignity of the president is punishable by law, although no such law has yet been enacted.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The president's personal security is provided by the Directory of State Security of Ukraine and a separate presidential regiment provided by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_(Ukraine)" title="Ministry of Internal Affairs (Ukraine)">Ministry of Internal Affairs</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:UR-ABA_(6865393127).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/UR-ABA_%286865393127%29.jpg/220px-UR-ABA_%286865393127%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/UR-ABA_%286865393127%29.jpg/330px-UR-ABA_%286865393127%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/UR-ABA_%286865393127%29.jpg/440px-UR-ABA_%286865393127%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2256" data-file-height="1496" /></a><figcaption>А319-100 СJ</figcaption></figure> <p>For their services to the state, the president is allotted a yearly gross salary of <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_hryvnia" title="Ukrainian hryvnia">₴</a> 28,000/mo or 336,000/yr (<a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">$</a>13,500/yr, 2016).<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All official and state visits made by the president are operated by the <a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Air_Enterprise" title="Ukraine Air Enterprise">Ukraine Air Enterprise</a> presidential airplanes.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All required aviation transportation is provided by the State Aviation Company "Ukraina" (Ukraine Air Enterprise), the headquarters of which is located in <a href="/wiki/Boryspil" title="Boryspil">Boryspil</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pair_of_Ukrainian_AF_Mil_Mi-24P_flying_over_Ukrainian_Govt_An-148-100V_at_Chuguyev.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Pair_of_Ukrainian_AF_Mil_Mi-24P_flying_over_Ukrainian_Govt_An-148-100V_at_Chuguyev.jpg/220px-Pair_of_Ukrainian_AF_Mil_Mi-24P_flying_over_Ukrainian_Govt_An-148-100V_at_Chuguyev.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Pair_of_Ukrainian_AF_Mil_Mi-24P_flying_over_Ukrainian_Govt_An-148-100V_at_Chuguyev.jpg/330px-Pair_of_Ukrainian_AF_Mil_Mi-24P_flying_over_Ukrainian_Govt_An-148-100V_at_Chuguyev.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Pair_of_Ukrainian_AF_Mil_Mi-24P_flying_over_Ukrainian_Govt_An-148-100V_at_Chuguyev.jpg/440px-Pair_of_Ukrainian_AF_Mil_Mi-24P_flying_over_Ukrainian_Govt_An-148-100V_at_Chuguyev.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="930" /></a><figcaption>An148-100V</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Buildings">Buildings</h3></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Office of the President of Ukraine">Office of the President of Ukraine</a> is an administrative body set up to provide analytical, advisory and legal assistance to the president. It is colloquially known as "Bankova", because it is located on <a href="/wiki/Bankova_Street" title="Bankova Street">Bankova Street</a> in a massive building across from the House with Chimaeras. The head of the office, the Chief Secretary, acts as the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89minence_grise" title="Éminence grise">gray cardinal</a> for the president in Ukrainian politics. Around fourteen state residences are allocated for official presidential use, many of which remain from the Kuchma-era presidency.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The official ceremonial residence is the <a href="/wiki/Mariinskyi_Palace" title="Mariinskyi Palace">Mariinskyi Palace</a> in Kyiv. Other state residences include the <a href="/wiki/House_with_Chimaeras" title="House with Chimaeras">House with Chimaeras</a> and the <a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Weeping_Widow" title="House of the Weeping Widow">House of the Weeping Widow</a> in Kyiv, the <a href="/wiki/Yusupov_Palace_(Crimea)" title="Yusupov Palace (Crimea)">Yusupov Palace</a> in <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimea</a>, and Synehora in <a href="/wiki/Ivano-Frankivsk_Oblast" title="Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast">Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast</a>. In addition, each former president has been allotted a state-owned <a href="/wiki/Dacha" title="Dacha">dacha</a> (house) in the former forest preserve in <a href="/wiki/Koncha-Zaspa" title="Koncha-Zaspa">Koncha-Zaspa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A lot of additional material-technical, social-communal, health care provision support is offered by the <a href="/wiki/State_Management_of_Affairs_(Ukraine)" title="State Management of Affairs (Ukraine)">State Department of Affairs</a> (abbreviated as DUS) that is created for state officials and subordinated to the president of Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DUS is a supporting state agency that was restructured in 2000 out of the Presidential Directory of Affairs. Primarily the agency is designated for the president and its administration, while also provides support for the Cabinet of Ministers, parliament, and other state agencies if budget permits. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%94%D0%B2%D1%96_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The facade of the Mariinskyi Palace, the president's ceremonial residence"><img alt="The facade of the Mariinskyi Palace, the president's ceremonial residence" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%94%D0%B2%D1%96_%28cropped%29.jpg/120px-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%94%D0%B2%D1%96_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%94%D0%B2%D1%96_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%94%D0%B2%D1%96_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%94%D0%B2%D1%96_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86_%D0%B2_%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%94%D0%B2%D1%96_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4952" data-file-height="2783" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The facade of the <a href="/wiki/Mariinskyi_Palace" title="Mariinskyi Palace">Mariinskyi Palace</a>, the president's ceremonial residence</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D1%96%D0%B7_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-3.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The House with Chimaeras is located across from the presidential administration."><img alt="The House with Chimaeras is located across from the presidential administration." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D1%96%D0%B7_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-3.JPG/120px-%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D1%96%D0%B7_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-3.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D1%96%D0%B7_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-3.JPG/180px-%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D1%96%D0%B7_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-3.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D1%96%D0%B7_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-3.JPG/240px-%D0%91%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D1%96%D0%B7_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8-3.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3164" data-file-height="2342" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/House_with_Chimaeras" title="House with Chimaeras">House with Chimaeras</a> is located across from the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Administration_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential Administration of Ukraine">presidential administration</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kyiv,_Lyuteranska_str._23.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The House of the Weeping Widow is used to house official state visitors."><img alt="The House of the Weeping Widow is used to house official state visitors." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Kyiv%2C_Lyuteranska_str._23.JPG/120px-Kyiv%2C_Lyuteranska_str._23.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Kyiv%2C_Lyuteranska_str._23.JPG/180px-Kyiv%2C_Lyuteranska_str._23.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Kyiv%2C_Lyuteranska_str._23.JPG/240px-Kyiv%2C_Lyuteranska_str._23.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Weeping_Widow" title="House of the Weeping Widow">House of the Weeping Widow</a> is used to house official state visitors.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Official_symbols">Official symbols</h3></div> <p>The president's official state symbols consists of the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Flag of the President of Ukraine">presidential standard</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Seal_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Seal of the President of Ukraine">presidential seal</a>, the presidential ID card, the <a href="/wiki/Collar_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Collar of the President of Ukraine">presidential collar</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Bulava_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Bulava of the President of Ukraine">bulava of the president of Ukraine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The presidential symbols, along with other important presidential documents and media, are contained in the <a href="/wiki/Vernadsky_National_Library_of_Ukraine" title="Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine">Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine</a>, the country's main <a href="/wiki/Academic_library" title="Academic library">academic library</a>. For the president's use, the library prepares documents and analytical materials.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Family">Family</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_Ukraine" title="First Lady of Ukraine">First Lady of Ukraine</a></div> <p>The president's spouse is recognized as the First Lady, much in the similar fashion as in other countries, although such a title holds no official and legal responsibility and is often undisclosed. However, during the Yushchenko Presidency, his marriage to <a href="/wiki/Kateryna_Yushchenko" title="Kateryna Yushchenko">Kateryna Yushchenko</a> and their private life drew a lot of attention from the media. Apart from Kateryna Yushchenko, little else is known about the other presidential spouses. </p><p>The tradition of the Ukrainian "First family" was established by Kuchma, who became the in-law to his daughter's husband and politician <a href="/wiki/Victor_Pinchuk" title="Victor Pinchuk">Viktor Pinchuk</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> During the presidency of Viktor Yanukovych, the "first family" meaning was taken to the next level whose son <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yanukovych_(politician,_born_1981)" title="Viktor Yanukovych (politician, born 1981)">Viktor</a> became a parliamentarian of Verkhovna Rada with the same <a href="/wiki/Party_of_Regions" title="Party of Regions">political party</a> affiliation. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidential_awards">Presidential awards</h2></div> <p>The distinction of "Honorary Weapon" is awarded by the president. The specific weapon is a 9-mm caliber <a href="/wiki/RPC_Fort" title="RPC Fort">Fort-21.02</a> <a href="/wiki/Pistol" title="Pistol">pistol</a> with 16 bullets. The body pistol is made of structural steel, with the handle is made of noble wood. The name of the awardee is engraved on the plate. This distinction was established in 1995 under President Leonid Kuchma, who himself has awarded the most pistols, numbering at 85. From 1995 to 2018, the Presidents have issued honorary weapons to 152 persons. Since 2019, no one has been awarded an honorary weapon.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_presidents">List of presidents</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Ukraine" title="List of presidents of Ukraine">List of presidents of Ukraine</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Timeline_(since_1991)"><span id="Timeline_.28since_1991.29"></span>Timeline (since 1991)</h3></div> <div class="timeline-wrapper"><map name="timeline_18uvp8gqaehq5yzejri277lpktg0r8m"><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" coords="70,499,235,523" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy" alt="Volodymyr Zelenskyy" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Petro_Poroshenko" coords="70,418,215,442" title="Petro Poroshenko" alt="Petro Poroshenko" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Turchynov" coords="70,378,235,402" title="Oleksandr Turchynov" alt="Oleksandr Turchynov" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Viktor_Yanukovych" coords="70,346,222,370" title="Viktor Yanukovych" alt="Viktor Yanukovych" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Viktor_Yushchenko" coords="70,274,222,298" title="Viktor Yushchenko" alt="Viktor Yushchenko" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Leonid_Kuchma" coords="70,145,195,169" title="Leonid Kuchma" alt="Leonid Kuchma" /><area shape="rect" href="/wiki/Leonid_Kravchuk" coords="70,33,208,57" title="Leonid Kravchuk" alt="Leonid Kravchuk" /></map><img usemap="#timeline_18uvp8gqaehq5yzejri277lpktg0r8m" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/timeline/18uvp8gqaehq5yzejri277lpktg0r8m.png" /></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/48px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/64px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ukraine" title="Portal:Ukraine">Ukraine portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/28px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/42px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/56px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_leaders_of_Ukraine" title="List of leaders of Ukraine">List of leaders of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Ukraine" title="First Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine">List of secretaries of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Ukraine_(in_exile)" title="President of Ukraine (in exile)">President of Ukraine (in exile)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separate_Presidential_Brigade" title="Separate Presidential Brigade">Separate Presidential Brigade</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <p><b>a.</b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_Anone"><a href="#ref_Anone"><b><sup>^</sup></b></a></span> As President of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. </p><p><b>b.</b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_Bnone"><a href="#ref_Bnone"><b><sup>^</sup></b></a></span> Per <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine#Article_103" class="extiw" title="s:Constitution of Ukraine">Chapter V, Article 103</a> of the Constitution, the President is allowed to serve a maximum of two full 5-year terms. However, in 2003, the <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_Ukraine" title="Constitutional Court of Ukraine">Constitutional Court of Ukraine</a> permitted then-President <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kuchma" title="Leonid Kuchma">Leonid Kuchma</a> to run for a third term in the <a href="/wiki/2004_Ukrainian_presidential_election" title="2004 Ukrainian presidential election">2004 presidential election</a> (he chose not to run). <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110728172517/http://www.ccu.gov.ua/doccatalog/document?id=12367">"Summary to the Decision no. 22-rp/2003 of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine as of 25 December 2003"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Court_of_Ukraine" title="Constitutional Court of Ukraine">Constitutional Court of Ukraine</a></i>. 25 December 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccu.gov.ua/doccatalog/document?id=12367">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(<a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Word" title="Microsoft Word">Microsoft Word</a> document)</span> on 28 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Constitutional+Court+of+Ukraine&rft.atitle=Summary+to+the+Decision+no.+22-rp%2F2003+of+the+Constitutional+Court+of+Ukraine+as+of+25+December+2003&rft.date=2003-12-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccu.gov.ua%2Fdoccatalog%2Fdocument%3Fid%3D12367&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span> </p><p><b>C.</b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_Cnone"><a href="#ref_Cnone"><b><sup>^</sup></b></a></span> Official Ukrainian text of the oath: "Я, (ім'я та прізвище), волею народу обраний Президентом України, заступаючи на цей високий пост, урочисто присягаю на вірність Україні. Зобов'язуюсь усіма своїми справами боронити суверенітет і незалежність України, дбати про благо Вітчизни і добробут Українського народу, обстоювати права і свободи громадян, додержуватися Конституції України і законів України, виконувати свої обов'язки в інтересах усіх співвітчизників, підносити авторитет України у світі." Source: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zakon5.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80/page2"><bdi lang="uk">Стаття 104</bdi></a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine" title="Constitution of Ukraine">Constitution of Ukraine</a></i> (in Ukrainian). <a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181225203220/http://zakon5.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80/page2">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Constitution+of+Ukraine&rft.atitle=%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8F+104&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fzakon5.rada.gov.ua%2Flaws%2Fshow%2F254%25D0%25BA%2F96-%25D0%25B2%25D1%2580%2Fpage2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span> </p><p><b>D.</b><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1041539562"><span class="citation wikicite" id="endnote_Dnone"><a href="#ref_Dnone"><b><sup>^</sup></b></a></span> Although <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kravchuk" title="Leonid Kravchuk">Leonid Kravchuk</a>'s official inauguration ceremony was conducted on 22 August 1992, he carried out most of the presidential responsibilities temporarily ceded to him as <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Verkhovna_Rada" title="Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada">Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada</a> until 5 December 1991 when he became president. </p> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <dl><dt>Citations</dt></dl> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=336000&From=UAH&To=EUR">"336,000 UAH to EUR - Ukrainian Hryvni to Euros Exchange Rate"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210214235435/https://www.xe.com/currencyconverter/convert/?Amount=336000&From=UAH&To=EUR">Archived</a> from the original on 14 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=336%2C000+UAH+to+EUR+-+Ukrainian+Hryvni+to+Euros+Exchange+Rate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fxe.com%2Fcurrencyconverter%2Fconvert%2F%3FAmount%3D336000%26From%3DUAH%26To%3DEUR&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://finance.bigmir.net/budget/72072-Kabmin-utverdil-novye-zarplaty-dlja-Poroshenko-i-Grojsmana"><bdi lang="ru">Кабмин утвердил новые зарплаты для Порошенко и Гройсмана</bdi></a> (in Russian). bigmir.net. 1 August 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160802190844/http://finance.bigmir.net/budget/72072-Kabmin-utverdil-novye-zarplaty-dlja-Poroshenko-i-Grojsmana">Archived</a> from the original on 2 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD+%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B+%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE+%D0%B8+%D0%93%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0&rft.pub=bigmir.net&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffinance.bigmir.net%2Fbudget%2F72072-Kabmin-utverdil-novye-zarplaty-dlja-Poroshenko-i-Grojsmana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-New_Ukrainian_president_5-year_term-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-New_Ukrainian_president_5-year_term_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_Ukrainian_president_5-year_term_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140517121006/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/205114.html">"New Ukrainian president will be elected for 5-year term – Constitutional Court"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a>. 16 May 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/205114.html">the original</a> on 17 May 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=New+Ukrainian+president+will+be+elected+for+5-year+term+%E2%80%93+Constitutional+Court&rft.date=2014-05-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.interfax.com.ua%2Fnews%2Fgeneral%2F205114.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-speaker-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-speaker_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140405140914/http://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/30130.html">"Resolution of the Verkhovna Rada №764-VII of 23.02.2014 on conferring powers of the president of Ukraine on the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada according to article 112 of the Constitution of Ukraine"</a>. <i>President of Ukraine's Official website</i>. 25 February 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.president.gov.ua/en/news/30130.html">the original</a> on 5 April 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=President+of+Ukraine%27s+Official+website&rft.atitle=Resolution+of+the+Verkhovna+Rada+%E2%84%96764-VII+of+23.02.2014+on+conferring+powers+of+the+president+of+Ukraine+on+the+Chairman+of+the+Verkhovna+Rada+according+to+article+112+of+the+Constitution+of+Ukraine&rft.date=2014-02-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.president.gov.ua%2Fen%2Fnews%2F30130.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-yanunopres-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-yanunopres_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-yanunopres_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unian.info/politics/1090341-published-law-deprives-yanukovych-of-presidential-rank.html">Published law deprives Yanukovych of presidential rank</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150617143532/http://www.unian.info/politics/1090341-published-law-deprives-yanukovych-of-presidential-rank.html">Archived</a> 17 June 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/UNIAN" class="mw-redirect" title="UNIAN">UNIAN</a> (17 June 2015)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/376717.html">Volunteer battalion Azov members and former members create National Corps political party</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171205143525/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/376717.html">Archived</a> 5 December 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a> (14 October 2016)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0IMaWuaYRnQC&dq=Prime+Minister+of+Ukraine+head+of+government&pg=PA187">Economic Interdependence in Ukrainian-Russian Relations</a> by <a href="/wiki/Paul_J._D%27Anieri" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul J. D'Anieri">Paul J. D'Anieri</a>, <a href="/wiki/State_University_of_New_York_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="State University of New York Press">State University of New York Press</a>, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-4246-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7914-4246-3">978-0-7914-4246-3</a> (page 187)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-economist-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-economist_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-economist_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/europe/2024/05/16/volodymyr-zelenskys-five-year-term-ends-on-may-20th">"Volodymyr Zelensky's five-year term ends on May 20th"</a>. <i>The Economist</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0013-0613">0013-0613</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Volodymyr+Zelensky%27s+five-year+term+ends+on+May+20th&rft.issn=0013-0613&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Feurope%2F2024%2F05%2F16%2Fvolodymyr-zelenskys-five-year-term-ends-on-may-20th&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/publish/article?art_id=72956&cat_id=32588">"President of Ukraine"</a>. <i>Government portal</i>. <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Ministers_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine">Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090110041119/http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/publish/article?art_id=72956&cat_id=32588">Archived</a> from the original on 10 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Government+portal&rft.atitle=President+of+Ukraine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kmu.gov.ua%2Fcontrol%2Fen%2Fpublish%2Farticle%3Fart_id%3D72956%26cat_id%3D32588&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-helpmeprespm-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-helpmeprespm_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOksana_Grytsenko2012" class="citation news cs1">Oksana Grytsenko (5 April 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120406141250/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/125579/">"Help Me, Father Czar!"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Post" title="Kyiv Post">Kyiv Post</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hrushevsky%2C+Mykhailo&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Ukraine&rft.au=Ohloblyn%2C+Oleksander+and+Lubomyr+Wynar&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.encyclopediaofukraine.com%2Fdisplay.asp%3Flinkpath%3Dpages%5CH%5CR%5CHrushevskyMykhailo.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/publish/article?art_id=1305424&cat_id=1290586">"Vynnychenko Volodymyr Kyrylovych"</a>. <i>Government portal</i>. <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Ministers_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine">Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930061919/http://www.kmu.gov.ua/control/en/publish/article?art_id=1305424&cat_id=1290586">Archived</a> from the original on 30 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Government+portal&rft.atitle=Vynnychenko+Volodymyr+Kyrylovych&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kmu.gov.ua%2Fcontrol%2Fen%2Fpublish%2Farticle%3Fart_id%3D1305424%26cat_id%3D1290586&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">On 24 October 1990, article 6 on the monopoly of the Communist Party of Ukraine on power was excluded from the Constitution of the Ukrainian SSR</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ukrmoloda-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ukrmoloda_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ukrmoloda_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRol" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Rol, Mykhailo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.umoloda.kiev.ua/number/352/264/12716/">"Tenth President"</a> (in Ukrainian). Ukrayina Moloda. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110521215134/http://www.umoloda.kiev.ua/number/352/264/12716/">Archived</a> from the original on 21 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Tenth+President&rft.aulast=Rol&rft.aufirst=Mykhailo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.umoloda.kiev.ua%2Fnumber%2F352%2F264%2F12716%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ukr-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ukr_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ukr_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071024023647/http://presscenter.ukrinform.ua/vip_gallery.php?photo_id=143"><bdi lang="uk">Плав'юк Микола Васильович</bdi></a> [Mykola Vasyliovych Plaviuk]. <i>presscenter.ukrinform.ua</i> (in Ukrainian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://presscenter.ukrinform.ua/vip_gallery.php?photo_id=143">the original</a> on 24 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=presscenter.ukrinform.ua&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2%27%D1%8E%D0%BA+%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0+%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpresscenter.ukrinform.ua%2Fvip_gallery.php%3Fphoto_id%3D143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727114824/http://www.uvkr.com.ua/ua/visnyk/uvkr-2002/august/gr-ukr.html">"10 years since the Government center of the UPR in exile gave to the free and sovereign Ukraine the symbols of government authority. This establishes that Ukraine is the legal successor to the Ukrainian People's Republic. This action was proclaimed by the former president of the UPR in exile Mykola Plaviuk"</a>. <i>Visnyka UVKR</i> (in Ukrainian). Ukrainian World Coordination Council. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uvkr.com.ua/ua/visnyk/uvkr-2002/august/gr-ukr.html">the original</a> on 27 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Visnyka+UVKR&rft.atitle=10+years+since+the+Government+center+of+the+UPR+in+exile+gave+to+the+free+and+sovereign+Ukraine+the+symbols+of+government+authority.+This+establishes+that+Ukraine+is+the+legal+successor+to+the+Ukrainian+People%27s+Republic.+This+action+was+proclaimed+by+the+former+president+of+the+UPR+in+exile+Mykola+Plaviuk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uvkr.com.ua%2Fua%2Fvisnyk%2Fuvkr-2002%2Faugust%2Fgr-ukr.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rferl.org/content/yanukovych-herashchenko-russian-citizneship-pshonka-azarov/26618831.html">"Kyiv Says Yanukovych Obtained Russian Citizenship"</a>. Radio Free Europe. 3 October 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141003115719/http://www.rferl.org/content/yanukovych-herashchenko-russian-citizneship-pshonka-azarov/26618831.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Adopted on 5 July 1991. <span style="color:#555;">(Ukrainian)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080302005021/http://www.president.gov.ua/en/content/president_history.html">"The History of Presidency"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretariat of the President of Ukraine">Presidential Administration of Ukraine</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.president.gov.ua/en/content/president_history.html">the original</a> on 2 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Ukraine+talks+set+to+open+without+pro-Russian+separatists&rft.date=2014-05-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fworld%2Fukraine-talks-set-to-open-without-pro-russian-separatists%2F2014%2F05%2F14%2F621dbc6a-c7d9-40bc-b2e5-814a4108bbef_story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Runners_and_risks-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Runners_and_risks_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140527092109/http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-27518989">"Ukraine elections: Runners and risks"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC_News_Online" title="BBC News Online">BBC News Online</a>. 22 May 2014. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukraine+elections%3A+Runners+and+risks&rft.date=2014-05-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-27518989&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBCESR-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBCESR_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140429045939/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8460978.stm">"Q&A: Ukraine presidential election"</a>. BBC News. 7 February 2010. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Q%26A%3A+Ukraine+presidential+election&rft.date=2010-02-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Feurope%2F8460978.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CEC_election_results-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CEC_election_results_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140529212731/http://www.nrcu.gov.ua/en/148/566632/">"Poroshenko wins presidential election with 54.7% of vote – CEC"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Radio_Ukraine_International" title="Radio Ukraine International">Radio Ukraine International</a>. 29 May 2014. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Poroshenko+wins+presidential+election+with+54.7%25+of+vote+%E2%80%93+CEC&rft.pub=Radio+Ukraine+International&rft.date=2014-05-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nrcu.gov.ua%2Fen%2F148%2F566632%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span><br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140529233925/http://telegraf.com.ua/ukraina/politika/1300294-rezultatyi-vyiborov-prezidenta-ukrainyi-2014-tsik-obrabotala-51-99.html"><bdi lang="ru">Внеочередные выборы Президента Украины</bdi></a> [Results election of Ukrainian president] (in Russian). Telegraph. 29 May 2014. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%D0%92%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B+%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8B&rft.date=2014-05-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftelegraf.com.ua%2Fukraina%2Fpolitika%2F1300294-rezultatyi-vyiborov-prezidenta-ukrainyi-2014-tsik-obrabotala-51-99.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Inaugurated_7_June_2014-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Inaugurated_7_June_2014_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLukas_Alpert2014" class="citation news cs1">Lukas Alpert (29 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140529234158/http://online.wsj.com/article/BT-CO-20140529-707812.html">"Petro Poroshenko to Be Inaugurated as Ukraine President June 7"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Petro+Poroshenko+to+Be+Inaugurated+as+Ukraine+President+June+7&rft.date=2014-05-29&rft.au=Lukas+Alpert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FBT-CO-20140529-707812.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ukraine/">"Ukraine"</a>. CIA World Factbook. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210214235424/https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ukraine/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ukraine&rft.pub=CIA+World+Factbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Fthe-world-factbook%2Fcountries%2Fukraine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8460978.stm">Q&A: Ukraine presidential election</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140429045939/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8460978.stm">Archived</a> 29 April 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> (7 February 2010)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VKiPUIU241013-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-VKiPUIU241013_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/171819.html">Vitali Klitschko says intends to run for president in Ukraine</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131027114607/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/171819.html">Archived</a> 27 October 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a> (24 October 2013)<br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/171794.html">Parliament passes law that could prevent Klitschko from running for president</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131029190715/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/171794.html">Archived</a> 29 October 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a> (24 October 2013)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pravda7198122perPoUEwa-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pravda7198122perPoUEwa_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pravda.com.ua/articles/2018/11/14/7198122/">Elections of the President of Ukraine 2019: figures, dates and candidates</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181119214528/https://www.pravda.com.ua/articles/2018/11/14/7198122/">Archived</a> 19 November 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukrayinska_Pravda" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrayinska Pravda">Ukrayinska Pravda</a> (14 November 2018)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pravda.com.ua/articles/2011/02/2/5870436/"><bdi lang="uk">Янукович отримав контрольний пакет у парламенті</bdi></a> [Yanukovych got the controlling stake in Parliament]. <i><a href="/wiki/Ukrayinska_Pravda" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrayinska Pravda">Ukrayinska Pravda</a></i> (in Ukrainian). 2 February 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160126072054/http://www.pravda.com.ua/articles/2011/02/2/5870436/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/news/nation/detail/96081/">the original</a> on 3 February 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Ukraine+sets+parliamentary+vote+for+October+2012&rft.date=2011-02-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kyivpost.com%2Fnews%2Fnation%2Fdetail%2F96081%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-news.ru-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-news.ru_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-news.ru_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsru.com/world/23jan2005/udhg.html">"Inauguration of Yushchenko will be conducted in the Rada and on Maidan"</a> (in Russian). News.ru. 23 January 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110810114722/http://www.newsru.com/world/23jan2005/udhg.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Inauguration+of+Yushchenko+will+be+conducted+in+the+Rada+and+on+Maidan&rft.date=2005-01-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsru.com%2Fworld%2F23jan2005%2Fudhg.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-s-en-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-s-en_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine,_2004#Article_103">"Article 103"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine" title="Constitution of Ukraine">Constitution of Ukraine</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101205225342/http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine,_2004#Article_103">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Constitution+of+Ukraine&rft.atitle=Article+103&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FConstitution_of_Ukraine%2C_2004%23Article_103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kmu-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kmu_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kmu_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081013123401/http://www.president.gov.ua/en/content/president.html">"Presidential Authority"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Secretariat of the President of Ukraine">Presidential Administration of Ukraine</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.president.gov.ua/en/content/president.html">the original</a> on 13 October 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Presidential+Administration+of+Ukraine&rft.atitle=Presidential+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.president.gov.ua%2Fen%2Fcontent%2Fpresident.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121017165304/http://en.rian.ru/exsoviet/20100423/158710254.html">"Ukraine's Party of Regions to choose new leader"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/RIA_Novosti" title="RIA Novosti">RIA Novosti</a></i>. 23 April 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.rian.ru/exsoviet/20100423/158710254.html">the original</a> on 17 October 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RIA+Novosti&rft.atitle=Ukraine%27s+Party+of+Regions+to+choose+new+leader&rft.date=2010-04-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.rian.ru%2Fexsoviet%2F20100423%2F158710254.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-YanichoosesPM-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-YanichoosesPM_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/49986.html">Government approves draft law on cabinet according to which president appoints premier</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303190011/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/49986.html">Archived</a> 3 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a> (5 October 2010)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rada.gov.ua/en/news/News/News/71072.html">The interns of the Program of Internship at the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine and Central Executive Bodies for 2012–2013 learned the procedure of submission and passage of bills in the Verkhovna Rada</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130928133814/http://rada.gov.ua/en/news/News/News/71072.html">Archived</a> 28 September 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Verkhovna Rada</a> (14 December 2012)<br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=p0aPIjwXDioC&dq=Verkhovna+Rada+%22three+readings%22&pg=PT129">Ukraine: Energy Policy Review 2006</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Energy_Agency" title="International Energy Agency">International Energy Agency</a>, 24 October 2006, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9264109919" title="Special:BookSources/9264109919">9264109919</a> (page 130)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101205101912/http://www.kyivpost.com/news/politics/detail/85366/">Parliament redacts laws to comply with 1996 Constitution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Post" title="Kyiv Post">Kyiv Post</a> (7 October 2010)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-unianpolitics10900394-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-unianpolitics10900394_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unian.info/m/politics/10900394-member-of-parliament-shares-list-of-possible-members-of-government.html">Member of Parliament shares list of possible members of government</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210214235447/https://www.unian.info/politics/10900394-member-of-parliament-shares-list-of-possible-members-of-government.html">Archived</a> 14 February 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/UNIAN" class="mw-redirect" title="UNIAN">UNIAN</a> (3 March 2020)<br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.hromadske.ua/posts/ukrainian-parliament-votes-in-new-pm-denys-shmyhal">A New Government for Ukraine: One Female Minister and "Indispensable" Arsen Avakov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hromadske.TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Hromadske.TV">Hromadske.TV</a> (4 March 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6519951.stm">Ukraine leader calls early poll</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140531105415/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6519951.stm">Archived</a> 31 May 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> (3 April 2007)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090322092232/http://www.vgk.mil.gov.ua/">"President of Ukraine"</a> (in Ukrainian). <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine" title="Armed Forces of Ukraine">Highest Commander of the Armed Forces of Ukraine</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vgk.mil.gov.ua/">the original</a> on 22 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=President+of+Ukraine&rft.pub=Highest+Commander+of+the+Armed+Forces+of+Ukraine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vgk.mil.gov.ua%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rnbo.gov.ua/">"National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine"</a> (in Ukrainian). <a href="/wiki/National_Security_and_Defense_Council_of_Ukraine" title="National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine">National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160301102009/http://www.rnbo.gov.ua/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Security+and+Defense+Council+of+Ukraine&rft.pub=National+Security+and+Defense+Council+of+Ukraine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rnbo.gov.ua%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/382028.html">Poroshenko to sign Saakashvili's resignation if Cabinet submits motion</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161110065650/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/382028.html">Archived</a> 10 November 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a> (7 November 2016)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/376503.html">Constitutional Court to mull constitutionality of stripping Yanukovych of presidential title Oct 19</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161016061226/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/376503.html">Archived</a> 16 October 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a> (14 October 2016)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-s-118-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-s-118_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine,_2004#Article_118">"Article 118"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine" title="Constitution of Ukraine">Constitution of Ukraine</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101205225342/http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine,_2004#Article_118">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Constitution+of+Ukraine&rft.atitle=Article+118&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FConstitution_of_Ukraine%2C_2004%23Article_118&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/208630.html">Borys Lozhkin appointed head of Ukraine's presidential administration</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140610205230/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/208630.html">Archived</a> 10 June 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a> (10 June 2014)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/208656.html">Poroshenko appoints Yuriy Onischenko as president's first aide</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140610205304/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/208656.html">Archived</a> 10 June 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a> (10 June 2014)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/208641.html">Channel 5 journalist Sviatoslav Tseholko appointed presidential press secretary</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140610205253/http://en.interfax.com.ua/news/general/208641.html">Archived</a> 10 June 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a> (10 June 2014)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130917060952/http://www.interfax.co.uk/ukraine-news/yanukovych-human-rights-policies-are-oriented-towards-european-standards-pardons-commission-2/">Yanukovych human rights policies are oriented towards European standards – pardons commission</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interfax-Ukraine" title="Interfax-Ukraine">Interfax-Ukraine</a> (8 April 2013)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kyivpost.com/content/politics/klitschko-udar-wont-join-work-of-constitutional-assembly-317307.html">Klitschko:UDAR won't join work of Constitutional Assembly</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160126072054/http://www.kyivpost.com/content/politics/klitschko-udar-wont-join-work-of-constitutional-assembly-317307.html">Archived</a> 26 January 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Post" title="Kyiv Post">Kyiv Post</a> (7 December 2012)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2293014-impeachment-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2293014-impeachment_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2293014-impeachment_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2293014-impeachment_52-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2293014-impeachment_52-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2293014-impeachment_52-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2293014-impeachment_52-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unian.info/m/politics/2293014-impeachment-nice-word-meaning-nothing.html">Impeachment – nice word meaning nothing</a>, <a href="/wiki/UNIAN" class="mw-redirect" title="UNIAN">UNIAN</a> (12 December 2017)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Zelensky566NAPC-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Zelensky566NAPC_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2020/07/8/7258566/">The NAPC will submit materials to Zelensky through the declaration</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukrayinska_Pravda" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrayinska Pravda">Ukrayinska Pravda</a> (8 July 2020)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://korrespondent.net/ukraine/politics/692032-sbu-hochet-privlekat-k-otvetstvennosti-za-oskorbleniya-prezidenta">"SBU wants to make offending the president punishable by law"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Korrespondent.net" title="Korrespondent.net">Korrespondent.net</a></i>. 25 December 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120323014110/http://korrespondent.net/ukraine/politics/692032-sbu-hochet-privlekat-k-otvetstvennosti-za-oskorbleniya-prezidenta">Archived</a> from the original on 23 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Korrespondent.net&rft.atitle=SBU+wants+to+make+offending+the+president+punishable+by+law&rft.date=2008-12-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkorrespondent.net%2Fukraine%2Fpolitics%2F692032-sbu-hochet-privlekat-k-otvetstvennosti-za-oskorbleniya-prezidenta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.unian.info/politics/1446643-cabinet-raises-salaries-of-poroshenko-groysman.html">"Cabinet raises salaries of Poroshenko, Groysman"</a>. <i>unian.info</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170325100425/https://www.unian.info/politics/1446643-cabinet-raises-salaries-of-poroshenko-groysman.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=unian.info&rft.atitle=Cabinet+raises+salaries+of+Poroshenko%2C+Groysman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unian.info%2Fpolitics%2F1446643-cabinet-raises-salaries-of-poroshenko-groysman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111003224218/http://www.nta-nn.ru/news/item/?ID=79842">"The salary of Yushchenko rose 9 times – to $4.5 thousand"</a>. <i>NTA-Privolzhye</i>. 14 July 2005. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vernadsky+National+Library+of+Ukraine&rft.atitle=About+the+Vernadsky+National+Library+of+Ukraine&rft.date=1997&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbuv.gov.ua%2Feng%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ukranews.com/en/amp/news/725315-poroshenko-and-zelenskyy-for-first-time-since-1995-did-not-award-anyone-with-honorary-weapon-in">"Poroshenko and Zelenskyy for First Time Since 1995 Did Not Award Anyone with Honorary Weapon in 2019-2020 - Presidential Office"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210214235434/https://ukranews.com/en/amp/news/725315-poroshenko-and-zelenskyy-for-first-time-since-1995-did-not-award-anyone-with-honorary-weapon-in">Archived</a> from the original on 14 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Poroshenko+and+Zelenskyy+for+First+Time+Since+1995+Did+Not+Award+Anyone+with+Honorary+Weapon+in+2019-2020+-+Presidential+Office&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fukranews.com%2Fen%2Famp%2Fnews%2F725315-poroshenko-and-zelenskyy-for-first-time-since-1995-did-not-award-anyone-with-honorary-weapon-in&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Presidents_of_Ukraine" class="extiw" title="commons:Presidents of Ukraine"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Presidents of Ukraine</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian, Russian, and English)</span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.president.gov.ua/">"Official web-site of the President of Ukraine"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Administration_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Presidential Administration of Ukraine">Presidential Administration of Ukraine</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Official+web-site+of+the+President+of+Ukraine&rft.pub=Presidential+Administration+of+Ukraine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.president.gov.ua%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110415234553/http://www.dus.gov.ua/ua.phtml">"Official web-site of the State Directory of Affairs"</a> (in Ukrainian). State Directory of Affairs (2006). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dus.gov.ua/ua.phtml">the original</a> on 15 April 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.president.gov.ua/ru/gallery/1755.html#29768">the original</a> on 11 March 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Meeting+of+presidents+of+Ukraine&rft.pub=Presidential+Administration+of+Ukraine&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.president.gov.ua%2Fru%2Fgallery%2F1755.html%2329768&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APresident+of+Ukraine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ditext.com/chrucky/council.html">"All power to councils – not to a President Czar"</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="President_of_Ukraine" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_Ukraine" title="Template:Presidents of Ukraine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Presidents_of_Ukraine" title="Template talk:Presidents of Ukraine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents_of_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents of Ukraine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="President_of_Ukraine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">President of Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.4em"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="Ukrainian People's Republic">Ukrainian People's Republic</a> (1917–1920)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mykhailo_Hrushevsky" title="Mykhailo Hrushevsky">Mykhailo Hrushevsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Vynnychenko" title="Volodymyr Vynnychenko">Volodymyr Vynnychenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symon_Petliura" title="Symon Petliura">Symon Petliura</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ataman" title="Ataman">Holovnyi Otaman</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.4em"><a href="/wiki/West_Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="West Ukrainian People's Republic">West Ukrainian People's Republic</a> (1918–1919)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kost_Levytsky" title="Kost Levytsky">Kost Levytsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevhen_Petrushevych" title="Yevhen Petrushevych">Yevhen Petrushevych</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.4em"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_State" title="Ukrainian State">Hetmanate</a> (1918)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pavlo_Skoropadskyi" title="Pavlo Skoropadskyi">Pavlo Skoropadskyi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.4em"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="Ukrainian People's Republic">Ukrainian People's Republic</a><sup><small>1</small></sup> (1920–1992)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andriy_Livytskyi" title="Andriy Livytskyi">Andriy Livytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepan_Vytvytskyi" title="Stepan Vytvytskyi">Stepan Vytvytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykola_Livytskyi" title="Mykola Livytskyi">Mykola Livytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykola_Plaviuk" title="Mykola Plaviuk">Mykola Plaviuk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.4em"><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Ukrainian_Independence,_1941" class="mw-redirect" title="Declaration of Ukrainian Independence, 1941">Ukrainian National Council</a><sup><small>2</small></sup> (1941)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kost_Levytsky" title="Kost Levytsky">Kost Levytsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.4em"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic</a><sup><small>3</small></sup> (1922–1991)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>see <a href="/wiki/First_Secretary_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Ukraine" title="First Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine">First Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Presidium_of_the_Supreme_Soviet_of_the_Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Chairmen of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.4em"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> (since 1991)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kravchuk" title="Leonid Kravchuk">Leonid Kravchuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Kuchma" title="Leonid Kuchma">Leonid Kuchma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yushchenko" title="Viktor Yushchenko">Viktor Yushchenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Yanukovych" title="Viktor Yanukovych">Viktor Yanukovych</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Turchynov" title="Oleksandr Turchynov">Oleksandr Turchynov</a> (Acting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petro_Poroshenko" title="Petro Poroshenko">Petro Poroshenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>1</small></sup>Presidents of the Ukrainian People's Republic in exile.<span class="nowrap">   </span><sup><small>2</small></sup> Chairman of the Ukrainian National Council.<span class="nowrap">   </span><sup><small>3</small></sup>During the Soviet period the republican leader was the 1st secretary of the party, while a head of state de jure was the chairman of the parliament's presidium.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidency_of_Ukraine" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Presidency_of_Ukraine" title="Template:Presidency of Ukraine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Presidency_of_Ukraine" title="Template talk:Presidency of Ukraine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Presidency_of_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Presidency of Ukraine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidency_of_Ukraine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Presidency of Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_presidential_elections" title="Ukrainian presidential elections">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Ukraine" title="List of presidents of Ukraine">List of presidents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ukraine" title="History of Ukraine">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hetman_of_the_Zaporizhian_Host" class="mw-redirect" title="Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host">Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hetman_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Hetman of Ukraine">Hetman of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Ukraine_(in_exile)" title="President of Ukraine (in exile)">President of Ukraine (in exile)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andriy_Livytskyi" title="Andriy Livytskyi">Andriy Livytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepan_Vytvytskyi" title="Stepan Vytvytskyi">Stepan Vytvytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykola_Livytskyi" title="Mykola Livytskyi">Mykola Livytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykola_Plaviuk" title="Mykola Plaviuk">Mykola Plaviuk</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Standard of the president of Ukraine"><img alt="Standard of the president of Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine.svg/89px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="89" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine.svg/134px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine.svg/178px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_presidential_inauguration" title="Ukrainian presidential inauguration">Inauguration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peresopnytsia_Gospel" title="Peresopnytsia Gospel">Peresopnytsia Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_symbols_of_the_president_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="State symbols of the president of Ukraine">Symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulava_of_the_president_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Bulava of the president of Ukraine">Bulava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_president_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag of the president of Ukraine">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collar_of_the_president_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Collar of the president of Ukraine">Collar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seal_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Seal of the President of Ukraine">Seal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Lady_of_Ukraine" title="First Lady of Ukraine">First Lady</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Buildings">Residences</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mariinskyi_Palace" title="Mariinskyi Palace">Mariinskyi Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_with_Chimaeras" title="House with Chimaeras">House with Chimaeras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/House_of_the_Weeping_Widow" title="House of the Weeping Widow">House of the Weeping Widow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Administration and<br />supporting agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">"Security bloc"</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Headquarters_of_the_Supreme_Commander-in-Chief" title="Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief">Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_and_Defense_Council_of_Ukraine" title="National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine">National Security and Defense Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosecutor_General_of_Ukraine" title="Prosecutor General of Ukraine">Procurator General</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Intelligence_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine">Foreign Intelligence Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Special_Communications_Service_of_Ukraine" title="State Special Communications Service of Ukraine">Derzhspetszviazok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_Service_of_Ukraine" title="Security Service of Ukraine">Security Service of Ukraine</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Security_Administration_(Ukraine)" title="State Security Administration (Ukraine)">Administration of State Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Staff_of_the_Ukrainian_Armed_Forces" title="General Staff of the Ukrainian Armed Forces">General Staff</a></li> <li>Pardons Commission</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">"Administrative bloc"</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Monopoly_Committee_(Ukraine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-Monopoly Committee (Ukraine)">Anti-Monopoly Committee</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Property_Fund_of_Ukraine" title="State Property Fund of Ukraine">State Property Fund</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Committee_for_Television_and_Radio-broadcasting_(Ukraine)" title="State Committee for Television and Radio-broadcasting (Ukraine)">State Committee on Television and Radio broadcasting</a>*</li> <li>Public Humanitarian Council</li> <li>National Institute of Strategic Research</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Academy_for_Public_Administration" title="National Academy for Public Administration">National Academy for Public Administration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Supporting</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Office of the President of Ukraine">Administration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_Office_Building_(Kyiv)" title="Presidential Office Building (Kyiv)">building</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitutional_Assembly_of_Ukraine" title="Constitutional Assembly of Ukraine">Constitutional Assembly of Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Representatives_of_the_President_of_Ukraine" title="Representatives of the President of Ukraine">Representatives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_representative_of_Ukraine_in_Crimea" title="Presidential representative of Ukraine in Crimea">Crimea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Management_of_Affairs_(Ukraine)" title="State Management of Affairs (Ukraine)">State Management of Affairs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>(*) approved by parliament</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Politics_of_Ukraine" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Ukraine_footer" title="Template:Politics of Ukraine footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Ukraine_footer" title="Template talk:Politics of Ukraine footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Ukraine_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Ukraine footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Politics_of_Ukraine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Ukraine" title="Politics of Ukraine">Politics of Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_system" title="Political system">Political system</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine" title="Constitution of Ukraine">Constitution</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ukraine" title="Government of Ukraine">Cabinet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Ukraine" title="Prime Minister of Ukraine">Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Vice_Prime_Minister_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="First Vice Prime Minister of Ukraine">First Vice Prime Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_Prime_Minister_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice Prime Minister of Ukraine">Vice Prime Ministers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Ukraine" title="Judiciary of Ukraine">Judicial system</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Budget_of_Ukraine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budget of Ukraine (page does not exist)">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_Ukraine" title="Political parties in Ukraine">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Factions_in_the_Verkhovna_Rada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Factions in the Verkhovna Rada (page does not exist)">Parliament factions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Ukraine" title="Elections in Ukraine">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Referendums_in_Ukraine" title="Referendums in Ukraine">Referendums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Ukraine" title="Foreign relations of Ukraine">Foreign relations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ukraine" title="Government of Ukraine">Government of Ukraine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fokin_government" title="Fokin government">Fokin government</a> (1990–92)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuchma_government" title="Kuchma government">Kuchma government</a> (1992–93)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Masol_government" title="Second Masol government">Second Masol government</a> (1994–95)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marchuk_government" title="Marchuk government">Marchuk government</a> (1995–96)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarenko_government&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lazarenko government (page does not exist)">Lazarenko government</a> (1996–97)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pustovoitenko_government" title="Pustovoitenko government">Pustovoitenko government</a> (1997–99)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yushchenko_government" title="Yushchenko government">Yushchenko government</a> (1999–01)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinakh_government" title="Kinakh government">Kinakh government</a> (2001–02)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Yanukovych_government" title="First Yanukovych government">First Yanukovych government</a> (2002–04)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Tymoshenko_government" title="First Tymoshenko government">First Tymoshenko government</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yekhanurov_government" title="Yekhanurov government">Yekhanurov government</a> (2005–06)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Yanukovych_government" title="Second Yanukovych government">Second Yanukovych government</a> (2006–07)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Tymoshenko_government" title="Second Tymoshenko government">Second Tymoshenko government</a> (2007–10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Azarov_government" title="First Azarov government">First Azarov government</a> (2010–12)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Azarov_government" title="Second Azarov government">Second Azarov government</a> (2012–14)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Yatsenyuk_government" title="First Yatsenyuk government">First Yatsenyuk government</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Yatsenyuk_Government" title="Second Yatsenyuk Government">Second Yatsenyuk Government</a> (2014–16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groysman_Government" title="Groysman Government">Groysman Government</a> (2016–2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honcharuk_Government" title="Honcharuk Government">Honcharuk Government</a> (2019–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shmyhal_Government" title="Shmyhal Government">Shmyhal Government</a> (2020–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_of_Ukraine" title="Declaration of Independence of Ukraine">Declaration of Independence</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Memorandum" title="Budapest Memorandum">Budapest Memorandum</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine" title="Constitution of Ukraine">Constitution</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassette_Scandal" title="Cassette Scandal">Cassette Scandal</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine_without_Kuchma" title="Ukraine without Kuchma">Ukraine without Kuchma</a> (2000–01)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Revolution" title="Orange Revolution">Orange Revolution</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine#2004_and_2010_amendments" title="Constitution of Ukraine">Constitutional amendments</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Ukrainian_political_crisis" title="2006 Ukrainian political crisis">Political crisis</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Ukrainian_political_crisis" title="2007 Ukrainian political crisis">Political crisis</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Ukrainian_political_crisis" title="2008 Ukrainian political crisis">Political crisis</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_Pact" title="Kharkiv Pact">Kharkiv Pact</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_cases_against_Yulia_Tymoshenko_since_2010" title="Criminal cases against Yulia Tymoshenko since 2010">Cases against Yulia Tymoshenko</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_cases_against_supporters_of_Yulia_Tymoshenko" title="Criminal cases against supporters of Yulia Tymoshenko">against supporters</a> (2010)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorship_Resistance_Committee" title="Dictatorship Resistance Committee">Dictatorship Resistance Committee</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_policy_in_Ukraine" title="Language policy in Ukraine">Law on languages</a> (2012)</li> <li>2013–14 <a href="/wiki/Euromaidan" title="Euromaidan">Euromaidan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_Dignity" title="Revolution of Dignity">Revolution of Dignity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Outline of the Russo-Ukrainian War">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Annexation of Crimea by Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_pro-Russian_unrest_in_Ukraine" title="2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine">2014 pro-Russian unrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas" title="War in Donbas">War in Donbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Ukraine_(legislation)" title="Law of Ukraine (legislation)">Law of Ukraine (legislation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Ukraine" title="Corruption in Ukraine">Corruption in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_diaspora" title="Ukrainian diaspora">Ukrainian diaspora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ukraine_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ukraine_topics" title="Template:Ukraine topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ukraine_topics" title="Template talk:Ukraine topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ukraine_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ukraine topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ukraine_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ukraine" title="History of Ukraine">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Chronology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scythians" title="Scythians">Scythians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarmatians" title="Sarmatians">Sarmatians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goths" title="Goths">Goths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_Slavs" title="Early Slavs">Early Slavs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Slavs" title="East Slavs">East Slavs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuyaba" title="Kuyaba">Kuyaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kievan_Rus%27" title="Kievan Rus'">Kievan Rus'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Kiev" title="Principality of Kiev">Principality of Kiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasion_of_Kievan_Rus%27" title="Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'">Mongol invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Galicia%E2%80%93Volhynia" title="Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia">Galicia–Volhynia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Lithuania" title="Grand Duchy of Lithuania">Grand Duchy of Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kiev_Voivodeship" title="Kiev Voivodeship">Kiev Voivodeship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporozhian_Cossacks" title="Zaporozhian Cossacks">Zaporozhian Cossacks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zaporozhian_Sich" title="Zaporozhian Sich">Sich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cossack_Hetmanate" title="Cossack Hetmanate">Hetmanate</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pereiaslav_Agreement" title="Pereiaslav Agreement">Pereiaslav Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Eastern_Europe)" title="Galicia (Eastern Europe)">Galicia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_War_of_Independence" title="Ukrainian War of Independence">Revolution and War of Independence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="Ukrainian People's Republic">Ukrainian People's Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_State" title="Ukrainian State">Ukrainian State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Ukrainian_People%27s_Republic" title="West Ukrainian People's Republic">West Ukrainian People's Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makhnovshchina" title="Makhnovshchina">Makhnovshchina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichskommissariat_Ukraine" title="Reichskommissariat Ukraine">Reichskommissariat Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_National_Committee" title="Ukrainian National Committee">Ukrainian National Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian SSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holodomor" title="Holodomor">Holodomor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">Eastern Front (World War II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacres_of_Poles_in_Volhynia_and_Eastern_Galicia" title="Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia">Volhynia massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernobyl_disaster" title="Chernobyl disaster">Chernobyl disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_of_Ukraine" title="Declaration of Independence of Ukraine">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Revolution" title="Orange Revolution">Orange Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euromaidan" title="Euromaidan">Euromaidan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_Dignity" title="Revolution of Dignity">Revolution of Dignity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Outline of the Russo-Ukrainian War">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_pro-Russian_unrest_in_Ukraine" title="2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine">2014 pro-Russian unrest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Annexation of Crimea by Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Donbas" title="War in Donbas">War in Donbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">2022 Russian invasion</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity_in_Ukraine" title="History of Christianity in Ukraine">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ukraine" title="Economy of Ukraine">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine" title="Armed Forces of Ukraine">Military</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Ukraine" title="Geography of Ukraine">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_parks_of_Ukraine" title="National parks of Ukraine">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Network_of_Biosphere_Reserves_in_Europe_and_North_America#Ukraine" title="World Network of Biosphere Reserves in Europe and North America">Biosphere reserves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Natural_Wonders_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Seven Natural Wonders of Ukraine">Seven Natural Wonders of Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nature_reserves_of_Ukraine" title="List of nature reserves of Ukraine">Nature reserves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Populated_places_in_Ukraine" title="Populated places in Ukraine">Populated places</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Ukraine" title="List of cities in Ukraine">Cities</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_longest_rivers_of_Ukraine" title="List of longest rivers of Ukraine">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Ukraine" title="List of mountains in Ukraine">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_waterfalls_in_Ukraine" title="List of waterfalls in Ukraine">Waterfalls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Ukraine" title="List of islands of Ukraine">Islands and sandbars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Ukraine" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Ukraine">World Heritage Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Ukraine" title="Wildlife of Ukraine">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Ukraine" title="Politics of Ukraine">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine" title="Administrative divisions of Ukraine">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ukraine" title="Constitution of Ukraine">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Ukraine" title="Flag of Ukraine">Flag</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Ukraine" title="Government of Ukraine">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Ukraine" title="Foreign relations of Ukraine">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine" title="Armed Forces of Ukraine">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_parties_in_Ukraine" title="Political parties in Ukraine">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Ukraine" title="Elections in Ukraine">Elections</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judiciary_of_Ukraine" title="Judiciary of Ukraine">Judiciary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Ukraine" title="Law of Ukraine">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Internal_Affairs_(Ukraine)" title="Ministry of Internal Affairs (Ukraine)">Law enforcement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Ukraine–European Union relations">Ukraine–European Union relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Ukraine–NATO relations">Ukraine–NATO relations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Ukraine" title="Economy of Ukraine">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_hryvnia" title="Ukrainian hryvnia"><i>Hryvnia</i> <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Ukraine" title="Banking in Ukraine">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_exchanges_in_Ukraine" title="Stock exchanges in Ukraine">Stock exchanges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Ukraine" title="Energy in Ukraine">Energy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electricity_in_Ukraine" title="Electricity in Ukraine">Electricity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Ukraine" title="Science and technology in Ukraine">Science and technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Ukraine" title="Telecommunications in Ukraine">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Ukraine" title="Tourism in Ukraine">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Ukraine" title="Transport in Ukraine">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Ukraine" title="Category:Society of Ukraine">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Ukraine" title="Education in Ukraine">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corruption_in_Ukraine" title="Corruption in Ukraine">Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_inequality_in_Ukraine" title="Gender inequality in Ukraine">Gender inequality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Ukraine" title="Health in Ukraine">Health</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Ukraine" title="Abortion in Ukraine">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS_in_Ukraine" title="HIV/AIDS in Ukraine">HIV/AIDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_swine_flu_pandemic" title="2009 swine flu pandemic">Swine flu pandemic</a> (2009-10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Ukraine" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Ukraine" title="Crime in Ukraine">Crime</a> and <a href="/wiki/Suicide_in_Ukraine" title="Suicide in Ukraine">suicide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Ukraine" title="Human rights in Ukraine">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_press_in_Ukraine" title="Freedom of the press in Ukraine">Freedom of the press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Ukraine">LGBT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_trafficking_in_Ukraine" title="Human trafficking in Ukraine">Human trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Ukraine" title="Languages of Ukraine">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minorities_in_Ukraine" title="Minorities in Ukraine">Minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_Ukraine" title="Prostitution in Ukraine">Prostitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Ukraine" title="Religion in Ukraine">Religion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Ukraine" title="Culture of Ukraine">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Ukrainian_animation" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Ukrainian animation">Animation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_architecture" title="Ukrainian architecture">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Kievan_Rus%27" title="Architecture of Kievan Rus'">Kievan Rus'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_baroque" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian baroque">Baroque</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arts_of_Ukraine" title="Arts of Ukraine">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Ukraine" title="Cinema of Ukraine">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_cuisine" title="Ukrainian cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_wine" title="Ukrainian wine">Wine</a></li></ul></li> <li>Cultural icons <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandura" title="Bandura">Bandura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borscht" title="Borscht">Borscht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_fairy_tale" title="Ukrainian fairy tale">Kazka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kobzar" title="Kobzar">Kobzar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pysanka" class="mw-redirect" title="Pysanka">Pysanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rushnyk" title="Rushnyk">Rushnyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyshyvanka" title="Vyshyvanka">Vyshyvanka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_dance" title="Ukrainian dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_folklore" title="Ukrainian folklore">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Ukraine" title="Public holidays in Ukraine">Holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_of_Ukraine" title="Intangible Cultural Heritage of Ukraine">Intangible Cultural Heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_literature" title="Ukrainian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Ukraine" title="Mass media in Ukraine">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ukraine" title="Music of Ukraine">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_in_Ukraine" title="Opera in Ukraine">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Ukraine" title="Sport in Ukraine">Sport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Ukraine" title="Demographics of Ukraine">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainian people</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rus%27_people" title="Rus' people">Rus' people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruthenians" title="Ruthenians">Ruthenians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_diaspora" title="Ukrainian diaspora">Diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_refugee_crisis_(2022%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian refugee crisis (2022–present)">Refugees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Immigration to Ukraine">Immigration to Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censuses_in_Ukraine" title="Censuses in Ukraine">Censuses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Ukraine" title="Women in Ukraine">Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Ukraine" title="Outline of Ukraine">Outline</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ukraine" title="Category:Ukraine">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ukraine" title="Portal:Ukraine">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Heads_of_state_and_government_of_Europe" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Heads_of_state_and_government_of_Europe" title="Template:Heads of state and government of Europe"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Heads_of_state_and_government_of_Europe" title="Template talk:Heads of state and government of Europe"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Heads_of_state_and_government_of_Europe" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Heads of state and government of Europe"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Heads_of_state_and_government_of_Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Heads of state and government of Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Head_of_state" title="Head of state">Heads<br />of state</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em;">UN members  <br />and observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Albania" title="President of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Co-Princes_of_Andorra" class="mw-redirect" title="Co-Princes of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Armenia" title="President of Armenia">Armenia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Austria" title="President of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Azerbaijan" title="President of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Belarus" title="President of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Belgium" title="Monarchy of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Bulgaria" title="President of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Croatia" title="President of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Cyprus" title="President of Cyprus">Cyprus</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="President of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Denmark" title="Monarchy of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Estonia" title="President of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Finland" title="President of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Georgia" title="President of Georgia">Georgia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Germany" title="President of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Greece" title="President of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope" title="Pope">Holy See (Vatican City)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Hungary" title="President of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Iceland" title="President of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Ireland" title="President of Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Italy" title="President of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Kazakhstan" title="President of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Latvia" title="President of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Liechtenstein" title="Monarchy of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Lithuania" title="President of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Luxembourg" title="Monarchy of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Malta" title="President of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Moldova" title="President of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Monaco" title="Monarchy of Monaco">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Montenegro" title="President of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_Netherlands" title="Monarchy of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_North_Macedonia" title="President of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Norway" title="Monarchy of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Poland" title="President of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Portugal" title="President of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Romania" title="President of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Russia" title="President of Russia">Russian Federation</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captains_Regent" title="Captains Regent">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Serbia" title="President of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Slovakia" title="President of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Slovenia" title="President of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Princes_and_Grand_Masters_of_the_Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Princes and Grand Masters of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Spain" title="Monarchy of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_Sweden" title="Monarchy of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Council_(Switzerland)" title="Federal Council (Switzerland)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Turkey" title="President of Turkey">Turkey</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em;">Partially recognised<sup>2</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Abkhazia" title="President of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Kosovo" title="President of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="President of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_South_Ossetia" title="President of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em;">Unrecognised states<sup>3</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Transnistria" title="President of Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Head_of_government" title="Head of government">Heads of<br />government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em;">UN members  <br />and observers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Albania" title="Prime Minister of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Andorra" title="List of heads of government of Andorra">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Armenia" title="Prime Minister of Armenia">Armenia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Austria" title="Chancellor of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Azerbaijan" title="Prime Minister of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Belarus" title="Prime Minister of Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Belgium" title="Prime Minister of Belgium">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Council_of_Ministers_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Bulgaria" title="Prime Minister of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Croatia" title="Prime Minister of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Cyprus" title="President of Cyprus">Cyprus</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Prime Minister of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Denmark" title="Prime Minister of Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Estonia" title="Prime Minister of Estonia">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Finland" title="Prime Minister of Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_France" title="Prime Minister of France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Georgia" title="Prime Minister of Georgia">Georgia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Greece" title="Prime Minister of Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_for_Vatican_City_State" title="Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State">Holy See (Vatican City)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Hungary" title="Prime Minister of Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Iceland" title="Prime Minister of Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Italy" title="Prime Minister of Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kazakhstan" title="Prime Minister of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Latvia" title="Prime Minister of Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_government_of_Liechtenstein" title="List of heads of government of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Lithuania" title="Prime Minister of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Luxembourg" title="List of prime ministers of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malta" title="Prime Minister of Malta">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Moldova" title="Prime Minister of Moldova">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_State_(Monaco)" title="Minister of State (Monaco)">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Montenegro" title="Prime Minister of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_Netherlands" title="Prime Minister of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_North_Macedonia" title="Prime Minister of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Norway" title="Prime Minister of Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Poland" title="Prime Minister of Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Portugal" title="Prime Minister of Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Romania" title="Prime Minister of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Russia" title="Prime Minister of Russia">Russian Federation</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captains_Regent" title="Captains Regent">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Serbia" title="Prime Minister of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Slovakia" title="Prime Minister of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Slovenia" title="Prime Minister of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Princes_and_Grand_Masters_of_the_Sovereign_Military_Order_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Princes and Grand Masters of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta">Sovereign Military Order of Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Spain" title="Prime Minister of Spain">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Sweden" title="Prime Minister of Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Council_(Switzerland)" title="Federal Council (Switzerland)">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Turkey" title="President of Turkey">Turkey</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Ukraine" title="Prime Minister of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Prime Minister of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em;">Partially recognised<sup>2</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Abkhazia" title="Prime Minister of Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Kosovo" title="Prime Minister of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Northern_Cyprus" title="Prime Minister of Northern Cyprus">Northern Cyprus</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_South_Ossetia" title="Prime Minister of South Ossetia">South Ossetia</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height: 1.3em;">Unrecognised states<sup>3</sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Transnistria" title="Prime Minister of Transnistria">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>1. Partially or entirely in Asia, depending on geographical definition.</li> <li>2. Recognised by at least one United Nations member.</li> <li>3. Not recognised by any United Nations members.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q579677#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q579677#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q579677#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/131507731">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4564983-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n95020592">United States</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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