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<span>Background</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historical_basis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_basis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Historical basis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_basis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Japan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Japan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>In Japan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Japan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_other_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_other_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>In other media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_other_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Examples_of_nunsploitation_films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Examples_of_nunsploitation_films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Examples of nunsploitation films</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Examples_of_nunsploitation_films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div 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searchaux" style="display:none">Exploitation film genre targeting nuns</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Giuliana_Calandra_1973.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Giuliana_Calandra_1973.png/220px-Giuliana_Calandra_1973.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Giuliana_Calandra_1973.png/330px-Giuliana_Calandra_1973.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Giuliana_Calandra_1973.png/440px-Giuliana_Calandra_1973.png 2x" data-file-width="608" data-file-height="334" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Giuliana_Calandra" title="Giuliana Calandra">Giuliana Calandra</a> in the 1973 nunsploitation film <i><a href="/wiki/Story_of_a_Cloistered_Nun" title="Story of a Cloistered Nun">Story of a Cloistered Nun</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Nunsploitation</b> is a subgenre of <a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">exploitation film</a> which had its peak in Europe in the 1970s. These films typically involve <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> <a href="/wiki/Nun" title="Nun">nuns</a> living in <a href="/wiki/Convent" title="Convent">convents</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criteria">Criteria</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nunsploitation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Criteria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The main conflict of the story is usually of a religious or sexual nature, such as religious oppression or sexual suppression due to living in <a href="/wiki/Celibacy" title="Celibacy">celibacy</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Inquisition" title="Inquisition">Inquisition</a> is another common theme. These films, although often seen as pure exploitation films, often contain criticism against religion in general and the <a href="/wiki/Anti-Catholicism" title="Anti-Catholicism">Catholic Church</a> in particular. Indeed, some protagonist dialogue voiced feminist consciousness and rejection of their subordinated social role. Many of these films were made in countries where the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> is influential, such as Italy and Spain. One atypical example of the genre, <i><a href="/wiki/Killer_Nun" title="Killer Nun">Killer Nun</a></i> (<i>Suor Omicidi</i>), was set in then present-day Italy (1978). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nunsploitation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nunsploitation, along with <a href="/wiki/Nazisploitation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazisploitation">nazisploitation</a>, is a subgenre that ran a parallel course alongside <a href="/wiki/Women_in_prison_film" title="Women in prison film">women in prison films</a> in the 1970s and 1980s. As with prison films, they are set in isolated, fortress-like convents where the all-female population turns to <a href="/wiki/Lesbianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Lesbianism">lesbianism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Perversion" title="Perversion">perversity</a>. The element of religious guilt allows for lurid depictions of "mortifying the flesh" such as self-flagellation and painful, masochistic rituals. The mother superior is usually a cruel and corrupt warden-like martinet who enforces strict discipline (more opportunities for whippings and medieval-style punishments) and often lusts after her female charges. An equally sadistic and lecherous priest is often included to add an element of masculine menace to the story. </p><p>Some segments from the Scandinavian silent film <i><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4xan" title="Häxan">Häxan</a></i> (1922) may be seen as a precursor for this genre. A recent act of cinematic nunsploitation is in <a href="/wiki/Robert_Rodriguez" title="Robert Rodriguez">Robert Rodriguez</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Machete_(2010_film)" title="Machete (2010 film)">Machete</a></i> (2010), where <a href="/wiki/Lindsay_Lohan" title="Lindsay Lohan">Lindsay Lohan</a> portrays a gun-toting nun.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An even more recent example is <a href="/wiki/Darren_Lynn_Bousman" title="Darren Lynn Bousman">Darren Lynn Bousman</a>'s nunsploitation horror film <i><a href="/wiki/St._Agatha_(film)" title="St. Agatha (film)">St. Agatha</a></i> (2018).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Among other examples of European exploitation cinema over the last sixty years, nunsploitation genre movies are discussed in Mendik and Mathij's recent overview volume on this general trend within regional cinema genres, cultures, and audience consumption. Chris Fujiwara penned a detailed piece in American pop culture journal <i>Hermenaut</i>, discussing genre examples, such as <i>Killer Nun</i> (1978), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Nun_and_the_Devil" title="The Nun and the Devil">The Nun and the Devil</a></i> (1973) and <i><a href="/wiki/Flavia_the_Heretic" title="Flavia the Heretic">Flavia the Heretic</a></i> (1974). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_basis">Historical basis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nunsploitation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Historical basis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some films, such as the <a href="/wiki/X-rated" class="mw-redirect" title="X-rated">X-rated</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Devils_(film)" title="The Devils (film)">The Devils</a></i>, based on a book by <a href="/wiki/Aldous_Huxley" title="Aldous Huxley">Aldous Huxley</a> and directed by <a href="/wiki/Ken_Russell" title="Ken Russell">Ken Russell</a>, have some basis in fact. Huxley based his original historical account, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Devils_of_Loudun" title="The Devils of Loudun">The Devils of Loudun</a></i>, on a reported case of mass hysteria and demonic possession that allegedly took place at a French convent in the seventeenth century. Given that the genre was the product of the sixties and seventies, with an occasional contemporary example like the recent <i><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Flesh" title="Sacred Flesh">Sacred Flesh</a></i> (1999), there has been little further resort to possible historical source material, like <a href="/wiki/Aelred_of_Hexham" class="mw-redirect" title="Aelred of Hexham">Aelred of Hexham</a> (1110–1167) and his account of the <a href="/wiki/Nun_of_Watton" title="Nun of Watton">Nun of Watton</a>, for example. Another example might be the life of <a href="/wiki/Benedetta_Carlini" title="Benedetta Carlini">sister Benedetta Carlini</a>, a 17th-century Italian <a href="/wiki/Lesbian" title="Lesbian">lesbian</a> nun. </p><p>Circa 1986, Graciela Daichman collected stories about aberrant medieval religious women,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but since that time, there have been few other serious historical attempts to explore what factual basis might exist for the literary depictions that often served as the basis for nunsploitation cinema. In 2010, Craig Monson wrote <i>Nuns Behaving Badly</i>, which dealt with the social and sexual lives of religious women in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Italy, but such work remains rare.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, recent work on the dramaturgy of demonic possession in medieval Europe may be useful to comprehend the social, psychological and behavioural context of such acts.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_Japan">In Japan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nunsploitation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In Japan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Catholic nun exploitation films have been a subgenre of Japanese exploitation film since at least the early 1970s. Though Christianity was never a dominant religion in Japan, Japan did encounter Christian missionaries. By taking a minority religion as their subject, it has been suggested that these "shockingly perverse and wildly blasphemous" Catholic nun films are "a way of thumbing one's nose at organized religion without attacking the more sacred beliefs of the general society".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some entries in this genre include <a href="/wiki/Norifumi_Suzuki" title="Norifumi Suzuki">Norifumi Suzuki</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/School_of_the_Holy_Beast" title="School of the Holy Beast">School of the Holy Beast</a></i> (1974), <a href="/wiki/Masaru_Konuma" title="Masaru Konuma">Masaru Konuma</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Cloistered_Nun:_Runa%27s_Confession" title="Cloistered Nun: Runa's Confession">Cloistered Nun: Runa's Confession</a></i> (1976), <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dy%C5%AB_Ohara" title="Kōyū Ohara">Kōyū Ohara</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Sins_of_Sister_Lucia" title="Sins of Sister Lucia">Sins of Sister Lucia</a></i> (1978), and <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wet_Rope_Confession:_Convent_Story&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wet Rope Confession: Convent Story (page does not exist)">Wet Rope Confession: Convent Story</a></i> (1979), <a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Mukai" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiroshi Mukai">Hiroshi Mukai</a>'s <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nun:_Secret&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nun: Secret (page does not exist)">Nun: Secret</a></i> (1978), <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nobuaki_Shirai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nobuaki Shirai (page does not exist)">Nobuaki Shirai</a>'s <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nun_Story:_Frustration_in_Black&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nun Story: Frustration in Black (page does not exist)">Nun Story: Frustration in Black</a></i> (1980), and <a href="/wiki/Mamoru_Watanabe" title="Mamoru Watanabe">Mamoru Watanabe</a>'s <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rope_of_Hell:_A_Nun%27s_Story&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rope of Hell: A Nun's Story (page does not exist)">Rope of Hell: A Nun's Story</a></i> (1981) and <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electric_Bible:_Sister_Hunting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Bible: Sister Hunting (page does not exist)">Electric Bible: Sister Hunting</a></i> (1992).<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1995, big-busted <a href="/wiki/AV_idol" title="AV idol">AV idol</a> Mariko Morikawa starred in director <a href="/wiki/Sachi_Hamano" title="Sachi Hamano">Sachi Hamano</a>'s <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Big_Tit_Monastery&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Big Tit Monastery (page does not exist)">Big Tit Monastery</a></i> (巨乳修道院), another Japanese variation on the nunsploitation genre.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/Chrono_Crusade" title="Chrono Crusade">Chrono Crusade</a></i> billed itself as "nuns with guns". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_other_media">In other media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nunsploitation&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: In other media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Toronto-based stage artist Jamieson Child, directed in 2015 the <a href="/wiki/Stage_musical" class="mw-redirect" title="Stage musical">stage musical</a> <i>Kill Sister, Kill: A Dark New Musical</i>, as homage to the exploitation genre.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2019 show <a href="/wiki/Watchmen_(TV_series)" title="Watchmen (TV series)"><i>Watchmen</i></a> featured a female police officer who dresses as a nun to avoid being recognised. Later episodes reveal that the character took her costume inspiration from a fictional in-universe nunsploitation film titled <i>Nun With a Motherfucking Gun</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples_of_nunsploitation_films">Examples of nunsploitation films</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nunsploitation&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Examples of nunsploitation films"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mother_Joan_of_the_Angels" title="Mother Joan of the Angels">Mother Joan of the Angels</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Kawalerowicz" title="Jerzy Kawalerowicz">Jerzy Kawalerowicz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/1961_in_film" title="1961 in film">1961</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Monaca_di_Monza" class="mw-redirect" title="La Monaca di Monza">The Lady of Monza</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Eriprando_Visconti" title="Eriprando Visconti">Eriprando Visconti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, <a href="/wiki/1969_in_film" title="1969 in film">1969</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Devils_(film)" title="The Devils (film)">The Devils</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Ken_Russell" title="Ken Russell">Ken Russell</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, <a href="/wiki/1971_in_film" title="1971 in film">1971</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>The Demons</i> (<i>Les Demons</i>, <a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Franco" title="Jesús Franco">Jesús Franco</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a>, <a href="/wiki/1972_in_film" title="1972 in film">1972</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Story_of_a_Cloistered_Nun" title="Story of a Cloistered Nun">Story of a Cloistered Nun</a></i> (<i>Storia di una monaca di clausura</i>, <a href="/wiki/Domenico_Paolella" title="Domenico Paolella">Domenico Paolella</a>, Italy, 1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Nun_and_the_Devil" title="The Nun and the Devil">The Nun and the Devil</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Domenico_Paolella" title="Domenico Paolella">Domenico Paolella</a>, Italy, 1973)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Flavia_the_Heretic" title="Flavia the Heretic">Flavia the Heretic</a></i> (<i>Flavia, la monaca musulmana</i>, <a href="/wiki/Gianfranco_Mingozzi" title="Gianfranco Mingozzi">Gianfranco Mingozzi</a>, Italy, <a href="/wiki/1974_in_film" title="1974 in film">1974</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/School_of_the_Holy_Beast" title="School of the Holy Beast">School of the Holy Beast</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Norifumi_Suzuki" title="Norifumi Suzuki">Norifumi Suzuki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, 1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Scomunicate_di_San_Valentino" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Scomunicate di San Valentino">Le Scomunicate di San Valentino</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Sergio_Grieco" title="Sergio Grieco">Sergio Grieco</a>, Italy, 1974)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sat%C3%A1nico_pandemonium" title="Satánico pandemonium">Satánico pandemonium</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Gilberto_Mart%C3%ADnez_Solares" title="Gilberto Martínez Solares">Gilberto Martínez Solares</a>, Mexico, <a href="/wiki/1975_in_film" title="1975 in film">1975</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cloistered_Nun:_Runa%27s_Confession" title="Cloistered Nun: Runa's Confession">Cloistered Nun: Runa's Confession</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Masaru_Konuma" title="Masaru Konuma">Masaru Konuma</a>, Japan, <a href="/wiki/1976_in_film" title="1976 in film">1976</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Love_Letters_of_a_Portuguese_Nun" title="Love Letters of a Portuguese Nun">Love Letters of a Portuguese Nun</a></i> (Jesús Franco, <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a>, 1976)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alucarda" title="Alucarda">Alucarda</a></i> (<i>Alucarda, la hija de las tinieblas</i>, <a href="/wiki/Juan_L%C3%B3pez_Moctezuma" title="Juan López Moctezuma">Juan López Moctezuma</a>, Mexico, 1977)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sister_Emanuelle" title="Sister Emanuelle">Sister Emanuelle</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Vari" title="Giuseppe Vari">Giuseppe Vari</a>, Italy, <a href="/wiki/1977_in_film" title="1977 in film">1977</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Killer_Nun" title="Killer Nun">Killer Nun</a></i> (<i>Suor Omicida</i>, <a href="/wiki/Giulio_Berruti" title="Giulio Berruti">Giulio Berruti</a>, Italy, <a href="/wiki/1978_in_film" title="1978 in film">1978</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_House_on_the_Beach" title="The Last House on the Beach">The Last House on the Beach</a></i> (<i>La settima donna</i>, <a href="/wiki/Franco_Prosperi" title="Franco Prosperi">Franco Prosperi</a>, Italy, 1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nun:_Secret&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nun: Secret (page does not exist)">Nun: Secret</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Mukai" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiroshi Mukai">Hiroshi Mukai</a>, Japan, 1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sins_of_Sister_Lucia" title="Sins of Sister Lucia">Sins of Sister Lucia</a></i> (<i>Sister Lucia's Dishonor</i>, <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dy%C5%AB_Ohara" title="Kōyū Ohara">Kōyū Ohara</a>, Japan, 1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/They_Call_Her_Cleopatra_Wong" title="They Call Her Cleopatra Wong">They Call Her Cleopatra Wong</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Bobby_A._Suarez" title="Bobby A. Suarez">Bobby A. Suarez</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a>, 1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Behind_Convent_Walls&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Behind Convent Walls (page does not exist)">Behind Convent Walls</a></i> (<i>Interno di un convento</i>, <a href="/wiki/Walerian_Borowczyk" title="Walerian Borowczyk">Walerian Borowczyk</a>, Italy, 1978)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Malabimba" class="mw-redirect" title="Malabimba">Malabimba</a> (Andrea Bianchi, 1979)</i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Images_in_a_Convent" title="Images in a Convent">Images in a Convent</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Joe_D%27Amato" title="Joe D'Amato">Joe D'Amato</a>, Italy, <a href="/wiki/1979_in_film" title="1979 in film">1979</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Other_Hell" title="The Other Hell">The Other Hell</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Bruno_Mattei" title="Bruno Mattei">Bruno Mattei</a>, Italy, <a href="/wiki/1980_in_film" title="1980 in film">1980</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_True_Story_of_the_Nun_of_Monza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The True Story of the Nun of Monza (page does not exist)">The True Story of the Nun of Monza</a></i> (Bruno Mattei, Italy, 1980)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ms._45" class="mw-redirect" title="Ms. 45">Ms. 45</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Abel_Ferrara" title="Abel Ferrara">Abel Ferrara</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/1981_in_film" title="1981 in film">1981</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dark_Habits" class="mw-redirect" title="Dark Habits">Dark Habits</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Pedro_Almod%C3%B3var" title="Pedro Almodóvar">Pedro Almodóvar</a>, Spain, <a href="/wiki/1983_in_film" title="1983 in film">1983</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Convent_of_Sinners" title="Convent of Sinners">Convent of Sinners</a></i> (Joe D'Amato as Dario Donati, Italy, <a href="/wiki/1986_in_film" title="1986 in film">1986</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nuns_on_the_Run" title="Nuns on the Run">Nuns on the Run</a></i> (Jonathan Lynn, United Kingdom, <a href="/wiki/1990_in_film" title="1990 in film">1990</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electric_Bible:_Sister_Hunting&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electric Bible: Sister Hunting (page does not exist)">Electric Bible: Sister Hunting</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Mamoru_Watanabe" title="Mamoru Watanabe">Mamoru Watanabe</a>, Japan, <a href="/wiki/1992_in_film" title="1992 in film">1992</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dark_Waters_(1994_film)" title="Dark Waters (1994 film)">Dark Waters</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Mariano_Baino" title="Mariano Baino">Mariano Baino</a>, 1994)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Flesh" title="Sacred Flesh">Sacred Flesh</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Nigel_Wingrove" title="Nigel Wingrove">Nigel Wingrove</a>, <a href="/wiki/1999_in_film" title="1999 in film">1999</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Virgin_Territory" title="Virgin Territory">Virgin Territory</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/David_Leland" title="David Leland">David Leland</a>, <a href="/wiki/2007_in_film" title="2007 in film">2007</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bad_Habits_(2009_film)" title="Bad Habits (2009 film)">Bad Habits</a></i> (Dominic Deacon, Australia, <a href="/wiki/2009_in_film" title="2009 in film">2009</a>)</li> <li><i><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1385949/">Nun of That</a></span></i> (Richard Griffin, 2009)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Machete_(2010_film)" title="Machete (2010 film)">Machete</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Robert_Rodriguez" title="Robert Rodriguez">Robert Rodriguez</a>, portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Lindsay_Lohan" title="Lindsay Lohan">Lindsay Lohan</a>, <a href="/wiki/2010_in_film" title="2010 in film">2010</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nude_Nuns_with_Big_Guns" title="Nude Nuns with Big Guns">Nude Nuns with Big Guns</a></i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Guzman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Guzman (page does not exist)">Joseph Guzman</a>, 2010)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Little_Hours" title="The Little Hours">The Little Hours</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Jeff_Baena" title="Jeff Baena">Jeff Baena</a>, 2017)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/St._Agatha_(film)" title="St. Agatha (film)">St. Agatha</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Darren_Lynn_Bousman" title="Darren Lynn Bousman">Darren Lynn Bousman</a>, 2018)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Agnes_(film)" title="Agnes (film)">Agnes</a></i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Mickey_Reece&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mickey Reece (page does not exist)">Mickey Reece</a>, 2021)<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Benedetta_(film)" title="Benedetta (film)">Benedetta</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Paul_Verhoeven" title="Paul Verhoeven">Paul Verhoeven</a>, 2021)<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sister_Death" title="Sister Death">Sister Death</a></i> (Paco Plaza, 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Immaculate_(2024_film)" title="Immaculate (2024 film)">Immaculate</a></i> (Michael Mohan, 2024)<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_First_Omen" title="The First Omen">The First Omen</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Arkasha_Stevenson" title="Arkasha Stevenson">Arkasha Stevenson</a>, 2024)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nunsploitation&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Convent_pornography" title="Convent pornography">Convent pornography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_cinema" title="Extreme cinema">Extreme cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nunsploitation&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKrystal_Clark2010" class="citation web cs1">Krystal Clark (July 19, 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303194701/http://screencrave.com/2010-07-19/lindsay-lohan-is-a-gun-toting-nun-in-machete-photo/">"Lindsay Lohan Is a Gun Toting Nun in Machete Photo"</a>. <i>Screen Crave</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://screencrave.com/2010-07-19/lindsay-lohan-is-a-gun-toting-nun-in-machete-photo/">the original</a> on March 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 21,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Screen+Crave&rft.atitle=Lindsay+Lohan+Is+a+Gun+Toting+Nun+in+Machete+Photo&rft.date=2010-07-19&rft.au=Krystal+Clark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscreencrave.com%2F2010-07-19%2Flindsay-lohan-is-a-gun-toting-nun-in-machete-photo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANunsploitation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.heavenofhorror.com/reviews/st-agatha-2018/">"St. Agatha (2018) – Review | Nun Horror Movie"</a>. <i>Heaven of Horror</i>. February 4, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Heaven+of+Horror&rft.atitle=St.+Agatha+%282018%29+%E2%80%93+Review+%7C+Nun+Horror+Movie&rft.date=2019-02-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.heavenofhorror.com%2Freviews%2Fst-agatha-2018%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANunsploitation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaichman1986" class="citation book cs1">Daichman, Graciela S. (1986). <i>Wayward nuns in medieval literature</i> (1st ed.). Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0815623798" title="Special:BookSources/0815623798"><bdi>0815623798</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wayward+nuns+in+medieval+literature&rft.place=Syracuse%2C+N.Y.&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Syracuse+University+Press&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0815623798&rft.aulast=Daichman&rft.aufirst=Graciela+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANunsploitation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Craig Monson: <i>Nuns Behaving Badly: Tales of Music, Magic, Art and Arson in the Convents of Italy</i>: University of Chicago Press: 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brian Levack: <i>The Devil Within: Exorcism and Possession in the Christian West</i>: New Haven: Yale University Press: 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_WeisserYuko_Mihara_Weisser1998" class="citation book cs1">Thomas Weisser; Yuko Mihara Weisser (1998). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/japanesecinemaen00weis"><i>Japanese Cinema Encyclopedia: The Sex Films</i></a></span>. Miami: Vital Books: Asian Cult Cinema Publications. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/japanesecinemaen00weis/page/n498">497</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-889288-52-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-889288-52-7"><bdi>1-889288-52-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japanese+Cinema+Encyclopedia%3A+The+Sex+Films&rft.place=Miami&rft.pages=497&rft.pub=Vital+Books%3A+Asian+Cult+Cinema+Publications&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1-889288-52-7&rft.au=Thomas+Weisser&rft.au=Yuko+Mihara+Weisser&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjapanesecinemaen00weis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANunsploitation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Weisser.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jmdb.ne.jp/1995/ds000060.htm"><bdi lang="ja">巨乳修道院</bdi></a>. <i>Japanese Film Database</i> (in Japanese)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 3,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Japanese+Film+Database&rft.atitle=%E5%B7%A8%E4%B9%B3%E4%BF%AE%E9%81%93%E9%99%A2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jmdb.ne.jp%2F1995%2Fds000060.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANunsploitation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bloody-disgusting.com/news/3354528/nunsploitation-heads-nyc-kill-sister-kill/">"Nunsploitation Heads to NYC In "Kill Sister, Kill"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. August 3, 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nunsploitation+Heads+to+NYC+In+%22Kill+Sister%2C+Kill%22&rft.date=2015-08-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbloody-disgusting.com%2Fnews%2F3354528%2Fnunsploitation-heads-nyc-kill-sister-kill%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANunsploitation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bfi.org.uk/lists/10-great-nunsploitation-films">10 great nunsploitation films|BFI</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vulture.com/2021/12/the-best-nunsploitation-films-ranked.html">The Best Nunsploitation Films, Ranked - Vulture</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/entertainment/la-et-mn-little-hours-review-20170629-story.html">Review: Randy nuns run amok in failed nunsploitation parody 'The Little Hours' - The San Diego Union-Tribune</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.videoscreams.com/2011%20CATALOGUE%20NUNSPLOITATION%20FILMS.htm">"2011 Online Catalogue Nunsploitation films"</a>. <i>www.videoscreams.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 15,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.videoscreams.com&rft.atitle=2011+Online+Catalogue+Nunsploitation+films&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.videoscreams.com%2F2011%2520CATALOGUE%2520NUNSPLOITATION%2520FILMS.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANunsploitation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thefilmstage.com/nunsploitation-reigns-in-new-trailers-for-paul-verhoevens-benedetta-and-mickey-reeces-agnes/">Nunsploitation Reigns in New Trailers for Paul Verhoeven's Benedetta and Mickey Reece's Agnes - The Film Stage</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.huffpost.com/entry/agnes-benedetta-nunsploitation-films-confront-catholic-church_n_61b90f58e4b0ea2ae70d4b1e">What Nunsploitation Films Are Saying About The Catholic Church | HuffPost Entertainment</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://loudandclearreviews.com/sister-death-netflix-film-review/">"Sister Death (Hermana Muerte): Netflix Film Review"</a>. October 26, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sister+Death+%28Hermana+Muerte%29%3A+Netflix+Film+Review&rft.date=2023-10-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Floudandclearreviews.com%2Fsister-death-netflix-film-review%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANunsploitation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/movies/2024/03/20/immaculate-sydney-sweeney-review/">"Review | In Sydney Sweeney's 'Immaculate,' nunsploitation is back"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. March 21, 2024. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0190-8286">0190-8286</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 24,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Review+%7C+In+Sydney+Sweeney%27s+%27Immaculate%2C%27+nunsploitation+is+back&rft.date=2024-03-21&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fentertainment%2Fmovies%2F2024%2F03%2F20%2Fimmaculate-sydney-sweeney-review%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANunsploitation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nunsploitation&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Graciela Daichman: <i>Wayward Nuns in Medieval Literature</i>: Syracuse: Syracuse University Press: 1986: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8156-2379-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8156-2379-8">0-8156-2379-8</a>.</li> <li>Chris Fujiwara: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719183028/http://www.hermenaut.com/a48.shtml">"Convent Erotica"</a> <i>Hermenaut</i> 12.</li> <li>Brian Levack: <i>The Devil Within: Exorcism and Possession in the Christian West</i>: New Haven: Yale University Press: 2013.</li> <li>Ernest Mathijs and Xavier Mendik: <i>Alternative Europe: Eurotrash and Exploitation Cinema Since 1945</i>: London: Wallflower: 2004: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-903364-93-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-903364-93-0">1-903364-93-0</a>.</li> <li>Craig Monson: <i>Nuns Behaving Badly: Tales of Music, Magic, Art and Arson in the Convents of Italy</i>: Chicago: University of Chicago Press: 2010.</li> <li><i>Anticristo: The Bible of Naughty Nun Sinema and Culture</i>: Guildford: FAB: 2000: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-903254-03-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-903254-03-5">1-903254-03-5</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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href="/wiki/Template:Exploitation_film" title="Template:Exploitation film"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Exploitation_film" title="Template talk:Exploitation film"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Exploitation_film" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Exploitation film"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Exploitation_film21" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation film</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaxploitation" title="Blaxploitation">Blaxploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruceploitation" title="Bruceploitation">Bruceploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurospy_film" title="Eurospy film">Eurospy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_War" title="Euro War">Euro War / Macaroni Combat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippie_exploitation_films" title="Hippie exploitation films">Hippie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts_film" title="Martial arts film">Martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexploitation" title="Mexploitation">Mexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockbuster" title="Mockbuster">Mockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondo_film" title="Mondo film">Mondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_exploitation" title="Nazi exploitation">Nazi exploitation</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nunsploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlaw_biker_film" title="Outlaw biker film">Outlaw biker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozploitation" title="Ozploitation">Ozploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">Poliziotteschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornochanchada" title="Pornochanchada">Pornochanchada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_and_revenge_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Rape and revenge film">Rape and revenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumberas_film" title="Rumberas film">Rumberas film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexploitation_film" title="Sexploitation film">Sexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharksploitation" title="Sharksploitation">Sharksploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slasher_film" title="Slasher film">Slasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splatter_film" title="Splatter film">Splatter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turksploitation" title="Turksploitation">Turksploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vansploitation" title="Vansploitation">Vansploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_prison_film" title="Women in prison film">Women in prison</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Italian_film_genres_and_movements147" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Italian_film_genres" title="Template:Italian film genres"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Italian_film_genres" title="Template talk:Italian film genres"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Italian_film_genres" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Italian film genres"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Italian_film_genres_and_movements147" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Italy" title="Cinema of Italy">Italian film genres and movements</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Italy" title="Cinema of Italy">Cinema of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Italy" title="Culture of Italy">Culture of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Europe" title="Cinema of Europe">Cinema of Europe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1890s-1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Italian_futurism_in_cinema" title="Italian futurism in cinema">Italian futurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_neorealism" title="Italian neorealism">Italian neorealism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Italian_neorealism" title="Women in Italian neorealism">Women in Italian neorealism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calligrafismo" title="Calligrafismo">Calligrafismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telefoni_Bianchi" title="Telefoni Bianchi">Telefoni Bianchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Commedia all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_on_the_Tiber" title="Hollywood on the Tiber">Hollywood on the Tiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peplum_(film_genre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Peplum (film genre)">Peplum / Sword-and-Sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musicarello" title="Musicarello">Musicarello</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960s-1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_films" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannibal films">Cannibal films</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_boom" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannibal boom">Cannibal boom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Commedia sexy all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurospy_film" title="Eurospy film">Eurospy / Spaghetti Spy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_giallo_films" title="List of giallo films">List of films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macaroni_Combat" class="mw-redirect" title="Macaroni Combat">Macaroni Combat / Euro War / Spaghetti War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondo_films" class="mw-redirect" title="Mondo films">Mondo films</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nunsploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">Poliziotteschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Il_sadiconazista" class="mw-redirect" title="Il sadiconazista">Sadiconazista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceneggiata" title="Sceneggiata">Sceneggiata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zapata_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Zapata Western">Zapata Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_prison_film#Italian_films" title="Women in prison film">Women in prison</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/100_Italian_films_to_be_saved" class="mw-redirect" title="100 Italian films to be saved">100 Italian films to be saved</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aldo,_Giovanni_%26_Giacomo" class="mw-redirect" title="Aldo, Giovanni & Giacomo">Aldo, Giovanni & Giacomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinecitt%C3%A0" title="Cinecittà">Cinecittà</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinepanettone" title="Cinepanettone">Cinepanettone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Don_Camillo_and_Peppone" title="Don Camillo and Peppone">Don Camillo and Peppone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Federico Fellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ficarra_e_Picone" title="Ficarra e Picone">Ficarra e Picone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franco_and_Ciccio" title="Franco and Ciccio">Franco and Ciccio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terence_Hill_and_Bud_Spencer" title="Terence Hill and Bud Spencer">Terence Hill and Bud Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tot%C3%B2" title="Totò">Totò</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_Fantozzi" title="Ugo Fantozzi">Ugo Fantozzi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Film_genres257" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Film_genres" title="Template:Film genres"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Film_genres" title="Template talk:Film genres"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Film_genres" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Film genres"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Film_genres257" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">Film</a> <a href="/wiki/Film_genre" title="Film genre">genres</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By style</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_film" title="Action film">Action</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heroic_bloodshed" title="Heroic bloodshed">Heroic bloodshed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_action_cinema" title="Hong Kong action cinema">Hong Kong action</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_film" title="Adventure film">Adventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_film" title="Art film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biographical_film" title="Biographical film">Biographical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_film_industry" title="Christian film industry">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_film" title="Comedy film">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_comedy" title="Action comedy">Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Commedia all'italiana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Sexy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Dramedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gross_out" title="Gross out">Gross out</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parody_film" title="Parody film">Parody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mo_lei_tau" title="Mo lei tau">Mo lei tau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_(genre)" title="Thriller (genre)">Thriller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_remarriage" title="Comedy of remarriage">Remarriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_comedy" title="Sex comedy">Sex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screwball_comedy" title="Screwball comedy">Screwball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_comedy" title="Silent comedy">Silent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slapstick_film" title="Slapstick film">Slapstick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberpunk" title="Cyberpunk">Cyberpunk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cyberpunk" title="Japanese cyberpunk">Japanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_film" title="Documentary film">Documentary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animated_documentary" title="Animated documentary">Animated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_symphony" title="City symphony">City symphony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docudrama" title="Docudrama">Docudrama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mondo_film" title="Mondo film">Mondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudo-documentary" title="Pseudo-documentary">Pseudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semidocumentary" title="Semidocumentary">Semi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_documentary" title="Travel documentary">Travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_essay" title="Video essay">Video essay</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drama_(film_and_television)" title="Drama (film and television)">Drama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calligrafismo" title="Calligrafismo">Calligrafismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Dramedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_drama" title="Historical drama">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_drama" title="Legal drama">Legal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_in_film" title="Sex in film">Erotic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Commedia sexy all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pink_film" title="Pink film">Pink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexploitation_film" title="Sexploitation film">Sexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_thriller" title="Erotic thriller">Thriller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Educational_film" title="Educational film">Educational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_guidance_film" title="Social guidance film">Social guidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epic_film" title="Epic film">Epic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">Experimental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Exploitation_film" title="Template:Exploitation film">see <i>Exploitation film template</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_film" title="Fantasy film">Fantasy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_comedy" title="Fantasy comedy">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_fantasy" title="Contemporary fantasy">Contemporary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_fantasy" title="High fantasy">High</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fantasy" title="Historical fantasy">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic realism">Magic realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fantasy" title="Science fantasy">Science</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">Film noir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-noir" title="Neo-noir">Neo-noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_noir" title="Pulp noir">Pulp noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tech_noir" title="Tech noir">Tech noir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_film" title="Gothic film">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Gothic" title="Southern Gothic">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Gothic" title="Suburban Gothic">Suburban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Gothic" title="Urban Gothic">Urban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">Horror</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_horror" title="Art horror">Arthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_body_horror_media" title="List of body horror media">Body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_horror_film" title="Chinese horror film">Chinese horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_horror" title="Christmas horror">Christmas horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_eco-horror_films" title="List of eco-horror films">Eco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Found_footage_(film_technique)" title="Found footage (film technique)">Found footage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_underground_horror" title="German underground horror">German underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_films" title="List of ghost films">Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_giallo_films" title="List of giallo films">List of films</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_holiday_horror_films" title="List of holiday horror films">Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_horror" title="Japanese horror">Japanese horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_horror" title="Korean horror">Korean horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovecraftian_horror" title="Lovecraftian horror">Lovecraftian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melodrama_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Melodrama film">Melodrama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_melodrama" title="Korean melodrama">Korean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_natural_horror_films" title="List of natural horror films">Natural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gender_in_horror_films" title="Gender in horror films">Psycho-biddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_horror" title="Psychological horror">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_horror_films" title="List of science fiction horror films">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slasher_film" title="Slasher film">Slasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splatter_film" title="Splatter film">Splatter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satanic_film" title="Satanic film">Satanic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximalist_film" title="Maximalist film">Maximalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimalist_film" title="Minimalist film">Minimalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumblecore" title="Mumblecore">Mumblecore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_film" title="Musical film">Musical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_musical" title="Arthouse musical">Arthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstage_musical" title="Backstage musical">Backstage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukebox_musical" title="Jukebox musical">Jukebox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musicarello" title="Musicarello">Musicarello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operetta_film" title="Operetta film">Operetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceneggiata" title="Sceneggiata">Sceneggiata</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_film" title="Mystery film">Mystery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detective_fiction" title="Detective fiction">Detective</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Occult_detective_fiction" title="Occult detective fiction">Occult detective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whodunit" title="Whodunit">Whodunit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Crossover fiction">Crossover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film" title="Pornographic film">Pornographic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hardcore_pornography" title="Hardcore pornography">Hardcore pornography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Softcore_pornography" title="Softcore pornography">Softcore pornography</a></li> <li>(<a href="/wiki/Malayalam_softcore_pornography" title="Malayalam softcore pornography">Malayalam</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propaganda_film" title="Propaganda film">Propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reality_film" title="Reality film">Reality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_film" title="Romance film">Romantic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bromantic_comedy" title="Bromantic comedy">Bromantic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_fantasy" title="Romantic fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranormal_romance" title="Paranormal romance">Paranormal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_thriller" title="Romantic thriller">Thriller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">Science fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_science_fiction_film" title="Arthouse science fiction film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comedy" title="Science fiction comedy">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantastique" title="Fantastique">Fantastique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fantasy" title="Science fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_science_fiction_horror_films" title="List of science fiction horror films">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_science_fiction" title="Military science fiction">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Wave_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="New Wave science fiction">New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_opera" title="Space opera">Space opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steampunk" title="Steampunk">Steampunk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokusatsu" title="Tokusatsu">Tokusatsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Western" title="Space Western">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slice_of_life" title="Slice of life">Slice of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Survival_film" title="Survival film">Survival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_film" title="Thriller film">Thriller</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_thriller" title="Comedy thriller">Comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_thriller" title="Erotic thriller">Erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_thriller" title="Financial thriller">Financial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giallo" title="Giallo">Giallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_thriller" title="Legal thriller">Legal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_thriller" title="Political thriller">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_thriller" title="Psychological thriller">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_thriller" title="Romantic thriller">Romantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techno-thriller" title="Techno-thriller">Techno</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transgressive_art" title="Transgressive art">Transgressive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Transgression" title="Cinema of Transgression">Cinema of Transgression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_cinema" title="Extreme cinema">Extreme cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trick_film" title="Trick film">Trick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By theme</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_animals" title="List of films about animals">Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beach_party_film" title="Beach party film">Beach party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_swap" title="Body swap">Body swap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_film" title="Buddy film">Buddy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddy_cop" title="Buddy cop">Buddy cop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_buddy_film" title="Female buddy film">Female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chicano_films" title="List of Chicano films">Chicano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_cinema" title="Colonial cinema">Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coming-of-age_story" title="Coming-of-age story">Coming-of-age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_film" title="Concert film">Concert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_film" title="Crime film">Crime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detective_fiction" title="Detective fiction">Detective</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangster_film" title="Gangster film">Gangster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentleman_thief" title="Gentleman thief">Gentleman thief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokud%C5%8D" title="Gokudō">Gokudō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gong%27an_fiction" title="Gong'an fiction">Gong'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heist_film" title="Heist film">Heist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heroic_bloodshed" title="Heroic bloodshed">Heroic bloodshed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hood_film" title="Hood film">Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafia_film" title="Mafia film">Mafia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mafia_comedy_film" title="Mafia comedy film">Mafia comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumbai_underworld_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Mumbai underworld film">Mumbai underworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">Poliziotteschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yakuza_film" title="Yakuza film">Yakuza</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_in_film" title="Dance in film">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disaster_film" title="Disaster film">Disaster</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_apocalyptic_films" title="List of apocalyptic films">Apocalyptic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_drug_films" title="List of drug films">Drug</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_film" title="Psychedelic film">Psychedelic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoner_film" title="Stoner film">Stoner</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_dystopian_films" title="List of dystopian films">Dystopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecchi" title="Ecchi">Ecchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnographic_film" title="Ethnographic film">Ethnographic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exploitation_film" title="Exploitation film">Exploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blaxploitation" title="Blaxploitation">Blaxploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexploitation" title="Mexploitation">Mexploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turksploitation" title="Turksploitation">Turksploitation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_extraterrestrials" title="List of films featuring extraterrestrials">Extraterrestrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_food_and_drink" title="List of films about food and drink">Food and drink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gendai-geki" title="Gendai-geki">Gendai-geki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ghost_films" title="List of ghost films">Ghost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goona-goona_epic" title="Goona-goona epic">Goona-goona epic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_film" title="Gothic film">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_romance_film" title="Gothic romance film">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_science_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Gothic science fiction">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Gothic" title="Suburban Gothic">Suburban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girls_with_guns" title="Girls with guns">Girls with guns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harem_(genre)" title="Harem (genre)">Harem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hentai" title="Hentai">Hentai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lolicon" title="Lolicon">Lolicon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shotacon" title="Shotacon">Shotacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tentacle_erotica" title="Tentacle erotica">Tentacle erotica</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimatfilm" title="Heimatfilm">Homeland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isekai" title="Isekai">Isekai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jidaigeki" title="Jidaigeki">Jidaigeki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Samurai_cinema" title="Samurai cinema">Samurai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentleman_thief" title="Gentleman thief">Kaitō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_LGBTQ-related_films" title="List of LGBTQ-related films">LGBTQ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yaoi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yaoi">Yaoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_(genre)" title="Yuri (genre)">Yuri</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luchador_films" title="Luchador films">Luchador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_girl" title="Magical girl">Magical girl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts_film" title="Martial arts film">Martial arts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bruceploitation" title="Bruceploitation">Bruceploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopsocky" title="Chopsocky">Chopsocky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_fu" title="Gun fu">Gun fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kung_fu_film" title="Kung fu film">Kung fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ninja_films" title="List of ninja films">Ninja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxia" title="Wuxia">Wuxia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mecha" title="Mecha">Mecha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mecha_anime_and_manga" title="Mecha anime and manga">Anime</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monster_movie" title="Monster movie">Monster</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_giant_monsters" title="List of films featuring giant monsters">Giant monster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiju" title="Kaiju">Kaiju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mummy_films" title="List of mummy films">Mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vampire_film" title="Vampire film">Vampire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_zombie_films" title="List of zombie films">Zombie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_comedy" title="Zombie comedy">Zombie comedy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountain_film" title="Mountain film">Mountain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_da_Boca_do_Lixo" title="Cinema da Boca do Lixo">Mouth of Garbage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_social" title="Muslim social">Muslim social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_documentary" title="Nature documentary">Nature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_environmental_films" title="List of environmental films">Environmental issues</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_film" title="Opera film">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlaw_biker_film" title="Outlaw biker film">Outlaw biker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozploitation" title="Ozploitation">Ozploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partisan_film" title="Partisan film">Partisan film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_film" title="Prison film">Prison</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_prison_film" title="Women in prison film">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Race_film" title="Race film">Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rape_and_revenge_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Rape and revenge film">Rape and revenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_movie" title="Road movie">Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%BCmmerfilm" title="Trümmerfilm">Rubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumberas_film" title="Rumberas film">Rumberas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexploitation_film" title="Sexploitation film">Sexploitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_porn" title="Bavarian porn">Bavarian porn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Commedia sexy all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_sex_comedy" title="Mexican sex comedy">Mexican sex comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_exploitation" title="Nazi exploitation">Nazi exploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pornochanchada" title="Pornochanchada">Pornochanchada</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nunsploitation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_report_film" title="Sex report film">Sex report</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshimin-eiga" title="Shoshimin-eiga">Shoshimin-eiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_featuring_slavery" title="List of films featuring slavery">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slice_of_life" title="Slice of life">Slice of life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snuff_film" title="Snuff film">Snuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Seas_genre" title="South Seas genre">South Seas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_film" title="Sports film">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spy_film" title="Spy film">Spy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurospy_film" title="Eurospy film">Eurospy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superhero_film" title="Superhero film">Superhero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surf_film" title="Surf film">Surfing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swashbuckler_film" title="Swashbuckler film">Swashbuckler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword_and_sorcery" title="Sword and sorcery">Sword and sorcery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_documentary" title="Travel documentary">Travel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imaginary_voyage" title="Imaginary voyage">imaginary voyage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trial_film" title="Trial film">Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vigilante_film" title="Vigilante film">Vigilante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_film" title="War film">War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_anti-war_films" class="mw-redirect" title="List of anti-war films">Anti-war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_War" title="Euro War">Euro War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine_films" title="Submarine films">Submarine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_film" title="Western film">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acid_Western" title="Acid Western">Acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Western" title="Contemporary Western">Contemporary Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacoit_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Dacoit Western">Dacoit Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Fantasy Western">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florida_Western" title="Florida Western">Florida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_Western" title="Horror Western">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Western" title="Australian Western">Meat pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_(genre)" title="Northern (genre)">Northern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostern" title="Ostern">Ostern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revisionist_Western" title="Revisionist Western">Revisionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_Western" title="Science fiction Western">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singing_cowboy" title="Singing cowboy">Singing cowboy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Western" title="Space Western">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weird_West" title="Weird West">Weird Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapata_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Zapata Western">Zapata Western</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By movement <br /> or period</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Absolute film">Absolute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_eccentric_cinema" title="American eccentric cinema">American eccentric cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Objectivity_(filmmaking)" title="New Objectivity (filmmaking)">New Objectivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_New_Wave" title="Australian New Wave">Australian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auteur" title="Auteur">Auteur films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_School_(filmmaking)" title="Berlin School (filmmaking)">Berlin School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourekas_film" title="Bourekas film">Bourekas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brighton_School_(filmmaking)" title="Brighton School (filmmaking)">Brighton School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_New_Wave" title="British New Wave">British New Wave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_sink_realism" title="Kitchen sink realism">Kitchen sink realism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_school" title="Budapest school">Budapest school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calligrafismo" title="Calligrafismo">Calligrafismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannibal_film" title="Cannibal film">Cannibal boom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_du_look" title="Cinéma du look">Cinéma du look</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_Novo" title="Cinema Novo">Cinema Novo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Transgression" title="Cinema of Transgression">Cinema of Transgression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_pur" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinéma pur">Cinéma pur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Commedia all'italiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_New_Wave" title="Czechoslovak New Wave">Czechoslovak New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_Film_Movement" title="Documentary Film Movement">Documentary Film Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogme_95" title="Dogme 95">Dogme 95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erra_Cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="Erra Cinema">Erra Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_art_cinema" title="European art cinema">European art cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_d%27art" title="Film d'art">Film d'art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_gris" title="Film gris">Film gris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Cinema" title="Free Cinema">Free Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_New_Wave" title="French New Wave">French New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_expressionist_cinema" title="German expressionist cinema">German Expressionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_underground_horror" title="German underground horror">German underground horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Nigerian_Cinema" title="Golden Age of Nigerian Cinema">Nigerian Golden Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grupo_Cine_Liberaci%C3%B3n" title="Grupo Cine Liberación">Grupo Cine Liberación</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimatfilm" title="Heimatfilm">Heimatfilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollywood_on_the_Tiber" title="Hollywood on the Tiber">Hollywood on the Tiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_New_Wave" title="Hong Kong New Wave">Hong Kong New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indiewood" title="Indiewood">Indiewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_New_Wave" title="Iranian New Wave">Iranian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_futurism_in_cinema" title="Italian futurism in cinema">Italian futurist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_neorealism" title="Italian neorealism">Italian neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_New_Wave" title="Japanese New Wave">Japanese New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kammerspielfilm" title="Kammerspielfilm">Kammerspielfilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L.A._Rebellion" title="L.A. Rebellion">L.A. Rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lettrism" title="Lettrism">Lettrist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernist_film" title="Modernist film">Modernist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumblecore" title="Mumblecore">Mumblecore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorealism_(art)" title="Neorealism (art)">Neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Extremity" class="mw-redirect" title="New Extremity">New French Extremity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_German_Cinema" title="New German Cinema">New German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_generation_(Malayalam_film_movement)" title="New generation (Malayalam film movement)">New generation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hollywood" title="New Hollywood">New Hollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Nigerian_Cinema" title="New Nigerian Cinema">New Nollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_queer_cinema" title="New queer cinema">New Queer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Wave_Cinema" class="mw-redirect" title="No Wave Cinema">No wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuevo_Cine_Mexicano" title="Nuevo Cine Mexicano">Nuevo Cine Mexicano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Indian_film" title="Pan-Indian film">Pan-Indian film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_cinema" title="Parallel cinema">Parallel cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filmfarsi" title="Filmfarsi">Persian Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetic_realism" title="Poetic realism">Poetic realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_Film_School" title="Polish Film School">Polish Film School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poliziotteschi" title="Poliziotteschi">Poliziotteschi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Prague_film_school" title="The Prague film school">The Prague film school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prussian_film" title="Prussian film">Prussian film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pure_Film_Movement" title="Pure Film Movement">Pure Film Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remodernist_film" title="Remodernist film">Remodernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_New_Wave" title="Romanian New Wave">Romanian New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaghetti_Western" title="Spaghetti Western">Spaghetti Western</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_realism" title="Socialist realism">Socialist realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_realism" title="Social realism">Social realist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen_sink_realism" title="Kitchen sink realism">Kitchen sink realism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_parallel_cinema" title="Soviet parallel cinema">Soviet parallel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_film" title="Structural film">Structural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrealist_cinema" title="Surrealist cinema">Surrealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sword-and-sandal" title="Sword-and-sandal">Sword-and-sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telefoni_Bianchi" title="Telefoni Bianchi">Telefoni Bianchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Cinema" title="Third Cinema">Third Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_New_Wave" title="Toronto New Wave">Toronto New Wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslav_Black_Wave" title="Yugoslav Black Wave">Yugoslav Black Wave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By demographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pornographic_film" title="Pornographic film">Adult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_film" title="Black film">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_film" title="Children's film">Children and family</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_anime_and_manga" title="Children's anime and manga">Anime</a></li></ul></li> <li>Men <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seinen_manga" title="Seinen manga">Seinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stag_film" title="Stag film">Stag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_film" title="Teen film">Teen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dnen_manga" title="Shōnen manga">Shōnen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Djo_manga" title="Shōjo manga">Shōjo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woman%27s_film" title="Woman's film">Women</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chick_flick" title="Chick flick">Chick flick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josei_manga" title="Josei manga">Josei</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By format,<br /> technique,<br /> approach,<br /> or production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3D_film" title="3D film">3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actuality_film" title="Actuality film">Actuality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animation" title="Animation">Animation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anime" title="Anime">Anime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthouse_animation" title="Arthouse animation">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animated_cartoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Animated cartoon">Cartoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_animation" title="Computer animation">Computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stop_motion" title="Stop motion">Stop-motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_animation" title="Traditional animation">Traditional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthology_film" title="Anthology film">Anthology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_film" title="Art film">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B_movie" title="B movie">B movie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behind-the-scenes" title="Behind-the-scenes">Behind-the-scenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black-and-white" title="Black-and-white">Black-and-white</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blockbuster_(entertainment)" title="Blockbuster (entertainment)">Blockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cin%C3%A9ma_v%C3%A9rit%C3%A9" title="Cinéma vérité">Cinéma vérité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema" title="Classical Hollywood cinema">Classical Hollywood cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collage_film" title="Collage film">Collage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_motion_picture_film" title="Color motion picture film">Color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compilation_film" title="Compilation film">Compilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composite_film" title="Composite film">Composite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenlife" title="Screenlife">Computer screen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_film" title="Cult film">Cult</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_movie" title="Midnight movie">midnight movie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Database_cinema" title="Database cinema">Database cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docufiction" title="Docufiction">Docufiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnofiction" title="Ethnofiction">Ethnofiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental 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title="Interstitial art">Interstitial art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Live_action" title="Live action">Live action</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_with_live_action_and_animation" title="List of films with live action and animation">animation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-budget_film" title="Low-budget film">Low-budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_film_studios" title="Major film studios">Major film studios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masala_film" title="Masala film">Masala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximalist_film" title="Maximalist film">Maximalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Message_picture" title="Message picture">Message picture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metacinema" title="Metacinema">Meta-film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minimalist_film" title="Minimalist film">Minimalist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockbuster" title="Mockbuster">Mockbuster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernist_film" title="Modernist film">Modernist film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_short" title="Musical short">Musical short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mythopoeia" title="Mythopoeia">Mythopoeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neorealism_(art)" title="Neorealism (art)">Neorealist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/No-budget_film" title="No-budget film">No-budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-shot_film" title="One-shot film">One-shot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracinema" title="Paracinema">Paracinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Participatory_cinema" title="Participatory cinema">Participatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetry_film" title="Poetry film">Poetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmodernist_film" title="Postmodernist film">Postmodernist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reverse_motion" title="Reverse motion">Reverse motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire_(film_and_television)" title="Satire (film and television)">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceneggiata" title="Sceneggiata">Sceneggiata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semidocumentary" title="Semidocumentary">Semidocumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serial_film" title="Serial film">Serial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinpa" title="Shinpa">Shinpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_film" title="Short film">Short</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_film" title="Silent film">Silent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slow_cinema" title="Slow cinema">Slow cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_realism" title="Socialist realism">Socialist realist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_film" title="Sound film">Sound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_film" title="Underground film">Underground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_nasty" title="Video nasty">Video nasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar auteurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z_movie" title="Z movie">Z movie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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