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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Test de flamme</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 30 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A8" title="اختبار اللهب – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اختبار اللهب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="শিখা পরীক্ষা – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শিখা পরীক্ষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assaig_a_la_flama" title="Assaig a la flama – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Assaig a la flama" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plamenov%C3%A1_zkou%C5%A1ka" title="Plamenová zkouška – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Plamenová zkouška" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flammepr%C3%B8ve" title="Flammeprøve – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Flammeprøve" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flammenf%C3%A4rbung" title="Flammenfärbung – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Flammenfärbung" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_test" title="Flame test – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Flame test" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ensayo_a_la_llama" title="Ensayo a la llama – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ensayo a la llama" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leegitest" title="Leegitest – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Leegitest" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B4%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%87" title="آزمون شعله – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آزمون شعله" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1st%C3%A1il_lasrach" title="Tástáil lasrach – irlandais" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tástáil lasrach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3" title="ज्वाला परीक्षण – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ज्वाला परीक्षण" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uji_nyala_api" title="Uji nyala api – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Uji nyala api" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saggio_alla_fiamma" title="Saggio alla fiamma – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Saggio alla fiamma" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%82%8E%E8%89%B2%E5%8F%8D%E5%BF%9C" title="炎色反応 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="炎色反応" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%88%EA%BD%83_%EB%B0%98%EC%9D%91" title="불꽃 반응 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="불꽃 반응" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liepsnos_testas" title="Liepsnos testas – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Liepsnos testas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ujian_nyala" title="Ujian nyala – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ujian nyala" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9F_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%96" title="ਲਾਟ ਪਰਖ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲਾਟ ਪਰਖ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barwienie_p%C5%82omienia_palnika" title="Barwienie płomienia palnika – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Barwienie płomienia palnika" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%81_%D9%B9%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%B9" title="شعلہ ٹیسٹ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="شعلہ ٹیسٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teste_da_chama" title="Teste da chama – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Teste da chama" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_de_flac%C4%83r%C4%83" title="Test de flacără – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Test de flacără" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B3%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82" title="Огненный тест – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Огненный тест" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_test" title="Flame test – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Flame test" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plame%C5%88ov%C3%A1_sk%C3%BA%C5%A1ka" title="Plameňová skúška – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Plameňová skúška" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88" title="சுவாலைப் பரிசோதனை – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சுவாலைப் பரிசோதனை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85_%D9%B9%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%B9" title="فلیم ٹیسٹ – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فلیم ٹیسٹ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A9p_th%E1%BB%AD_b%E1%BA%B1ng_l%E1%BB%ADa_trong_h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Phép thử bằng lửa trong hóa học – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phép thử bằng lửa trong hóa học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%84%B0%E8%89%B2%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="焰色反应 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="焰色反应" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q898373#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Test_de_flamme" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discussion:Test_de_flamme" rel="discussion" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Modifier la variante de langue" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label 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class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_de_flamme&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_de_flamme&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Test_de_flamme"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_de_flamme&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_de_flamme&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flame_test.jpg/440px-Flame_test.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1253" data-file-height="1169" /></a><figcaption>Un test de flamme réalisé avec un <a href="/wiki/Halog%C3%A9nure" title="Halogénure">halogénure</a> de <a href="/wiki/Cuivre" title="Cuivre">cuivre</a>. La flamme prend une couleur bleu-vert caractéristique.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flametest-Co-.swn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flametest-Co-.swn.jpg/220px-Flametest-Co-.swn.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="367" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flametest-Co-.swn.jpg/330px-Flametest-Co-.swn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flametest-Co-.swn.jpg/440px-Flametest-Co-.swn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2500" /></a><figcaption>Flamme de gaz vue à travers une vitre de cobalt.</figcaption></figure> <p>Un <b>test de flamme</b>, appelé aussi <b>test à la flamme</b>, est un procédé utilisé en <a href="/wiki/Chimie" title="Chimie">chimie</a> pour détecter la présence de certains <a href="/wiki/Ion" title="Ion">ions</a> <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tal" title="Métal">métalliques</a>, basé sur les caractéristiques des <a href="/wiki/Spectre_d%27%C3%A9mission" title="Spectre d'émission">spectres d'émission</a> de chaque <a href="/wiki/%C3%89l%C3%A9ment_chimique" title="Élément chimique">élément</a>. En général, la couleur des <a href="/wiki/Flamme_(combustion)" title="Flamme (combustion)">flammes</a> dépend également de la température. </p><p>Le test consiste à introduire un échantillon de l'élément ou du composé à analyser dans une flamme, non lumineuse et à haute température, puis à observer la <a href="/wiki/Couleur" title="Couleur">couleur</a> qu'on obtient. L'échantillon est d'habitude porté par un fil de <a href="/wiki/Platine" title="Platine">platine</a> préalablement nettoyé plusieurs fois à l'<a href="/wiki/Acide_chlorhydrique" title="Acide chlorhydrique">acide chlorhydrique</a> pour éliminer les traces des anciennes analyses<sup id="cite_ref-Clark_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clark-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Il faut faire différents essais en changeant de flamme, pour être sûr de la couleur obtenue et pour vérifier que la flamme n'est pas « contaminée ». Il existe des alternatives, comme l'utilisation de baguettes de bois par certains étudiants, parce qu'elles sont peu onéreuses et qu'il est possible d'y faire sécher une solution. Il faut veiller à ne pas approcher la baguette près de la flamme trop longtemps pour éviter sa combustion. L'utilisation de <a href="/wiki/Coton_tige" class="mw-redirect" title="Coton tige">coton tige</a> ou de mousse de <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9lamine" title="Mélamine">mélamine</a> a également été suggérée comme support. Le <a href="/wiki/Nichrome" title="Nichrome">nichrome</a> peut aussi être employé à la place du platine. Par ailleurs, le <a href="/wiki/Sodium" title="Sodium">sodium</a> est un composé courant et <a href="/wiki/Contaminant" title="Contaminant">contaminant</a> dont le spectre tend à dominer tous les autres. Pour pallier ce problème, il est courant d'observer la flamme à travers une vitre de <a href="/wiki/Cobalt" title="Cobalt">cobalt</a>, qui permet de filtrer le jaune dû au sodium résiduel et ainsi mieux observer l'effet des autres ions métalliques. </p><p>Le test de flamme est rapide et facile à réaliser, et il ne nécessite que du matériel courant dans un laboratoire de chimie. Cependant la plage d'éléments détectée est étroite et les résultats dépendent des observations subjectives de l'expérimentateur. Certains éléments peu concentrés sont difficiles à détecter, tandis que d'autres donnent un signal peu facile à interpréter. Bien que le test de flamme ne donne que des résultats qualitatifs, il est possible d'obtenir des résultats quantitatifs en utilisant des méthodes liées telles que la <a href="/wiki/Photom%C3%A9trie_(optique)" title="Photométrie (optique)">photométrie</a> de flamme ou la <a href="/wiki/Spectrophotom%C3%A9trie_d%27%C3%A9mission_de_flamme" title="Spectrophotométrie d'émission de flamme">spectrophotométrie d'émission de flamme</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Éléments_courants"><span id=".C3.89l.C3.A9ments_courants"></span>Éléments courants</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_de_flamme&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Éléments courants" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_de_flamme&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Éléments courants"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La couleur de la flamme est liée à la désexcitation des électrons, excités thermiquement, sous forme de radiation dont la <a href="/wiki/Longueur_d%27onde" title="Longueur d'onde">longueur d'onde</a> dépend en partie des « sauts » d'électrons possibles et donc de la <a href="/wiki/Configuration_%C3%A9lectronique" title="Configuration électronique">structure électronique</a> de l'élément chimique considéré<sup id="cite_ref-Clark_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Clark-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Ci-dessous est répertoriée la couleur obtenue pour quelques éléments. </p> <table border="1" cellpadding="2" class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Symbole </th> <th>Nom </th> <th>Couleur </th> <th>Image </th></tr> <tr> <td>As </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arsenic" title="Arsenic">Arsenic</a> </td> <td>Bleu </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flammenf%C3%A4rbungAs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungAs.jpg/80px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungAs.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungAs.jpg/120px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungAs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungAs.jpg/160px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungAs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="172" data-file-height="615" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>B </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bore" title="Bore">Bore</a> </td> <td>Vert brillant </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flammenf%C3%A4rbungB.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungB.png/80px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungB.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungB.png/120px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungB.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungB.png/160px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungB.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="538" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ba </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baryum" title="Baryum">Baryum</a> </td> <td>Vert pomme ou pâle </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Plamenn%C3%A1_zkou%C5%A1ka_kationt_Ba%2B2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Plamenn%C3%A1_zkou%C5%A1ka_kationt_Ba%2B2.jpg/80px-Plamenn%C3%A1_zkou%C5%A1ka_kationt_Ba%2B2.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Plamenn%C3%A1_zkou%C5%A1ka_kationt_Ba%2B2.jpg/120px-Plamenn%C3%A1_zkou%C5%A1ka_kationt_Ba%2B2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Plamenn%C3%A1_zkou%C5%A1ka_kationt_Ba%2B2.jpg/160px-Plamenn%C3%A1_zkou%C5%A1ka_kationt_Ba%2B2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ca </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Calcium" title="Calcium">Calcium</a> </td> <td>Rouge brique </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Plamenov%C3%A1_zkou%C5%A1ka_Ca%2B2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Plamenov%C3%A1_zkou%C5%A1ka_Ca%2B2.jpg/80px-Plamenov%C3%A1_zkou%C5%A1ka_Ca%2B2.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Plamenov%C3%A1_zkou%C5%A1ka_Ca%2B2.jpg/120px-Plamenov%C3%A1_zkou%C5%A1ka_Ca%2B2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Plamenov%C3%A1_zkou%C5%A1ka_Ca%2B2.jpg/160px-Plamenov%C3%A1_zkou%C5%A1ka_Ca%2B2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cs </td> <td><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sium" title="Césium">Césium</a> </td> <td>Bleu-violet </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flame_test_of_CsCl_(B).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Flame_test_of_CsCl_%28B%29.jpg/80px-Flame_test_of_CsCl_%28B%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Flame_test_of_CsCl_%28B%29.jpg/120px-Flame_test_of_CsCl_%28B%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Flame_test_of_CsCl_%28B%29.jpg/160px-Flame_test_of_CsCl_%28B%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cu(I) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cuivre" title="Cuivre">Cuivre</a>(I) </td> <td>Bleu </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cu(II) </td> <td>Cuivre(II) (non-<a href="/wiki/Halog%C3%A9nure" title="Halogénure">halogéné</a>) </td> <td>Vert </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flametest--Cu.swn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flametest--Cu.swn.jpg/80px-Flametest--Cu.swn.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flametest--Cu.swn.jpg/120px-Flametest--Cu.swn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Flametest--Cu.swn.jpg/160px-Flametest--Cu.swn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2500" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cu(II) </td> <td>Cuivre(II) (halogéné) </td> <td>Bleu vert </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fe </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fer" title="Fer">Fer</a> </td> <td>Or </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>In </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">Indium</a> </td> <td>Bleu </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>K </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Potassium" title="Potassium">Potassium</a> </td> <td>Violet </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flammenf%C3%A4rbungK.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungK.png/80px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungK.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungK.png/120px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungK.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b8/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungK.png 2x" data-file-width="143" data-file-height="425" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Li </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lithium" title="Lithium">Lithium</a> </td> <td>Rouge </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flammenf%C3%A4rbungLi.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungLi.png/80px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungLi.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungLi.png/120px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungLi.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungLi.png/160px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungLi.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="1401" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mn(II) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mangan%C3%A8se" title="Manganèse">Manganèse</a>(II) </td> <td>Vert jaune </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mg </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Magn%C3%A9sium" title="Magnésium">Magnésium</a> </td> <td>Incolore </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Mo </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Molybd%C3%A8ne" title="Molybdène">Molybdène</a> </td> <td>Vert jaune </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Na </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sodium" title="Sodium">Sodium</a> </td> <td>Jaune intense </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flametest--Na.swn.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flametest--Na.swn.jpg/80px-Flametest--Na.swn.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flametest--Na.swn.jpg/120px-Flametest--Na.swn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Flametest--Na.swn.jpg/160px-Flametest--Na.swn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2500" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>P </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Phosphore" title="Phosphore">Phosphore</a> </td> <td>Turquoise </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pb </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plomb" title="Plomb">Plomb</a> </td> <td>Bleu/Blanc </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flammenf%C3%A4rbungPb.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungPb.png/80px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungPb.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungPb.png/120px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungPb.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungPb.png/160px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungPb.png 2x" data-file-width="228" data-file-height="721" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rb </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rubidium</a> </td> <td>Rouge-violet </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Die_Flammenf%C3%A4rbung_des_Rubidium.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Die_Flammenf%C3%A4rbung_des_Rubidium.jpg/80px-Die_Flammenf%C3%A4rbung_des_Rubidium.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Die_Flammenf%C3%A4rbung_des_Rubidium.jpg/120px-Die_Flammenf%C3%A4rbung_des_Rubidium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Die_Flammenf%C3%A4rbung_des_Rubidium.jpg/160px-Die_Flammenf%C3%A4rbung_des_Rubidium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sb </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antimoine" title="Antimoine">Antimoine</a> </td> <td>Vert pâle </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flammenf%C3%A4rbungSb.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungSb.png/80px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungSb.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungSb.png/120px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungSb.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flammenf%C3%A4rbungSb.png/160px-Flammenf%C3%A4rbungSb.png 2x" data-file-width="336" data-file-height="903" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Se </td> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9l%C3%A9nium" title="Sélénium">Sélénium</a> </td> <td>Bleu azur </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sr </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Strontium" title="Strontium">Strontium</a> </td> <td>Rouge </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Flame_test_Sr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flame_test_Sr.jpg/80px-Flame_test_Sr.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flame_test_Sr.jpg/120px-Flame_test_Sr.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Flame_test_Sr.jpg/160px-Flame_test_Sr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Te </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tellure" title="Tellure">Tellure</a> </td> <td>Vert pâle </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tl </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thallium" title="Thallium">Thallium</a> </td> <td>Vert </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Zn </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">Zinc</a> </td> <td>Bleu-vert </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Zinc_burning.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Zinc_burning.JPG/80px-Zinc_burning.JPG" decoding="async" width="80" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Zinc_burning.JPG/120px-Zinc_burning.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Zinc_burning.JPG/160px-Zinc_burning.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Utilisation_dans_l’industrie"><span id="Utilisation_dans_l.E2.80.99industrie"></span>Utilisation dans l’industrie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_de_flamme&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Utilisation dans l’industrie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_de_flamme&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Utilisation dans l’industrie"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ces tests de flamme sont parfois utilisés dans l'industrie : </p> <ul><li>identification des <a href="/wiki/Polym%C3%A8re" title="Polymère">polymères</a>, certains d'entre eux ont une combustion caractéristique ;</li> <li>analyse de sels métalliques.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_de_flamme&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_de_flamme&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flamme_color%C3%A9e" title="Flamme colorée">Flamme colorée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_de_Beilstein" title="Test de Beilstein">Test de Beilstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chimie_analytique" title="Chimie analytique">Chimie analytique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raie_spectrale" title="Raie spectrale">Raie spectrale</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_de_flamme&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Test_de_flamme&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Clark-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Clark_1-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-Clark_1-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Jim Clark, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemguide.co.uk/inorganic/group1/flametests.html"><i>Flame Tests</i></a>, 2005</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <ul><li><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé <span class="plainlinks">« <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_test?oldid=467243460">Flame test</a> » <small>(<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame_test?action=history">voir la liste des auteurs</a>)</small></span>.</li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Chimie" title="Portail de la chimie"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_edu_science.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" 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