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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Žmogaus_nosies_ertmė"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Žmogaus nosies ertmė</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Žmogaus_nosies_ertmė-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Žmogaus nosies ertmė subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Žmogaus_nosies_ertmė-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nosies_pažeidimai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nosies_pažeidimai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Nosies pažeidimai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nosies_pažeidimai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nosies_kremzlės" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nosies_kremzlės"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Nosies kremzlės</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nosies_kremzlės-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nosies_pakitimai" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nosies_pakitimai"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Nosies pakitimai</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nosies_pakitimai-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literatūra" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literatūra"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Literatūra</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literatūra-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nuorodos" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nuorodos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Nuorodos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nuorodos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Turinys" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nosis</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 174 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-174" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">174 kalbų</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neus" title="Neus – afrikanų" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Neus" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nase" title="Nase – Šveicarijos vokiečių" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Nase" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Šveicarijos vokiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%8D%8D%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%AB" title="አፍንጫ – amharų" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አፍንጫ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naso" title="Naso – aragonesų" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Naso" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonesų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasu" title="Nasu – senoji anglų" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Nasu" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="senoji anglų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inw%E1%BB%8Dm" title="Inwọm – obolų" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Inwọm" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="obolų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D9%81" title="أنف – arabų" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أنف" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A2%DC%9A%DC%9D%DC%AA%DC%90" title="ܢܚܝܪܐ – aramaikų" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܢܚܝܪܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="aramaikų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="مناخير – Egipto arabų" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مناخير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egipto arabų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95" title="নাক – asamų" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="নাক" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asamų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nariz" title="Nariz – asturianų" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Nariz" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturianų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okot" title="Okot – atikamekų" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Okot" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="atikamekų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasa" title="Nasa – aimarų" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Nasa" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aimarų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burun" title="Burun – azerbaidžaniečių" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Burun" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaidžaniečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="بورون – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بورون" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%83" title="Танау – baškirų" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Танау" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuos%C4%97s" title="Nuosės – žemaičių" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Nuosės" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="žemaičių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dungo" title="Dungo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Dungo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Нос – baltarusių" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нос" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="baltarusių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Нос – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нос" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idung" title="Idung – betavi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Idung" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Нос – bulgarų" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нос" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidung" title="Hidung – bandžarų" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Hidung" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="bandžarų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%94%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B7%E1%80%96%E1%80%B0" title="နေ့ဖူ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="နေ့ဖူ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95" title="নাক – bengalų" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নাক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A6%E0%BE%A3%E0%BC%8D" title="སྣ། – tibetiečių" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="སྣ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fri" title="Fri – bretonų" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Fri" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nos" title="Nos – bosnių" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nos" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Хамар – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Хамар" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nas" title="Nas – katalonų" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nas" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9" title="Pé – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Pé" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Мара – čečėnų" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Мара" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="čečėnų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%88%D8%AA_(%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85)" title="لووت (ئەندام) – soranių kurdų" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لووت (ئەندام)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranių kurdų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasu" title="Nasu – korsikiečių" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Nasu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsikiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cichov%C3%BD_org%C3%A1n" title="Čichový orgán – čekų" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Čichový orgán" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čekų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trwyn" title="Trwyn – valų" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Trwyn" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="valų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A6se" title="Næse – danų" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Næse" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyee" title="Nyee – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Nyee" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nase" title="Nase – vokiečių" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nase" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="vokiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%B1rn%C4%B1ke" title="Pırnıke – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Pırnıke" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%82%DE%AD%DE%8A%DE%A6%DE%8C%DE%B0" title="ނޭފަތް – divehų" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="ނޭފަތް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="divehų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%8D%CF%84%CE%B7" title="Μύτη – graikų" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μύτη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="graikų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nose" title="Nose – anglų" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Nose" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazo" title="Nazo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nazo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nariz" title="Nariz – ispanų" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nariz" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ispanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nina" title="Nina – estų" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nina" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudur" title="Sudur – baskų" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sudur" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C" title="بینی – persų" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بینی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nen%C3%A4" title="Nenä – suomių" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nenä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="suomių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B5na" title="Nõna – veru" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Nõna" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="veru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nez" title="Nez – prancūzų" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nez" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prancūzų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%B6%C3%B6s" title="Nöös – šiaurinių fryzų" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Nöös" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="šiaurinių fryzų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noas" title="Noas – vakarų fryzų" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Noas" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vakarų fryzų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sr%C3%B3n" title="Srón – airių" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Srón" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="airių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E5%85%AC" title="鼻公 – kinų kalbos dziangsi tarmė" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="鼻公" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="kinų kalbos dziangsi tarmė" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sr%C3%B2n" title="Sròn – škotų (gėlų)" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Sròn" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="škotų (gėlų)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nariz" title="Nariz – galisų" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Nariz" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C4%A9" title="Tĩ – gvaranių" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tĩ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="gvaranių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wulingo" title="Wulingo – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Wulingo" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroin" title="Stroin – meniečių" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Stroin" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="meniečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phi" title="Phi – kinų kalbos hakų tarmė" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Phi" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="kinų kalbos hakų tarmė" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A3" title="אף – hebrajų" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אף" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95" title="नाक – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="नाक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naak" title="Naak – Fidžio hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Naak" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fidžio hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nos" title="Nos – kroatų" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nos" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nen" title="Nen – Haičio" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Nen" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haičio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orr" title="Orr – vengrų" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Orr" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="vengrų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%AB%D5%A9" title="Քիթ – armėnų" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քիթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armėnų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naso" title="Naso – tarpinė" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Naso" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="tarpinė" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idung" title="Idung – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Idung" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidung" title="Hidung – indoneziečių" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hidung" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imi" title="Imi – igbų" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Imi" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="igbų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agong" title="Agong – ilokų" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Agong" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilokų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nazo" title="Nazo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Nazo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nef" title="Nef – islandų" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Nef" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naso" title="Naso – italų" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Naso" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%95%BF%E1%96%93%E1%96%85" title="ᕿᖓᖅ – inukitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᕿᖓᖅ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="inukitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BC%BB" title="鼻 – japonų" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="鼻" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/nazbi" title="nazbi – loiban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="nazbi" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="loiban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irung" title="Irung – javiečių" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Irung" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%AE%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="ცხვირი – gruzinų" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ცხვირი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzinų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inzer" title="Inzer – kebailų" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Inzer" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kebailų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%94%C9%94%CA%8A" title="Mɔɔʊ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Mɔɔʊ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwua%CC%B1i" title="Zwua̱i – tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Zwua̱i" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irung" title="Irung – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Irung" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D2%B1%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Мұрын – kazachų" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мұрын" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazachų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%81" title="ಮೂಗು – kanadų" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮೂಗು" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kanadų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%94" title="코 – korėjiečių" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="코" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korėjiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8E%D8%B3" title="نَس – kašmyrų" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="نَس" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="kašmyrų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naah%C3%9F" title="Naahß – kolognų" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Naahß" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="kolognų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tron" title="Tron – kornų" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Tron" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Мурун – kirgizų" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мурун" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasus" title="Nasus – lotynų" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Nasus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="lotynų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nues" title="Nues – liuksemburgiečių" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Nues" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="liuksemburgiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9" title="Май – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Май" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nas" title="Nas – naujoji frankų kalba" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Nas" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="naujoji frankų kalba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naas" title="Naas – limburgiečių" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Naas" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburgiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nas" title="Nas – lombardų" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Nas" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%B3lo" title="Zólo – ngalų" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Zólo" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="ngalų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%87" title="ດັງ – laosiečių" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ດັງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laosiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deguns" title="Deguns – latvių" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Deguns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orona" title="Orona – malagasų" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Orona" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Нос – makedonų" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нос" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="മൂക്ക് – malajalių" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മൂക്ക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95" title="नाक – maratų" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नाक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maratų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidung" title="Hidung – malajiečių" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Hidung" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%94%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AC%E1%80%81%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AB%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="နှာခေါင်း – birmiečių" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="နှာခေါင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%86%DB%8C" title="فنی – mazenderanių" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="فنی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazenderanių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A4%C3%A4s" title="Nääs – Žemutinės Vokietijos" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Nääs" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Žemutinės Vokietijos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuze" title="Neuze – Žemutinės Saksonijos (Nyderlandai)" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Neuze" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Žemutinės Saksonijos (Nyderlandai)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95" title="नाक – nepaliečių" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="नाक" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepaliečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8D" title="न्हाय् – nevari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="न्हाय्" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neus" title="Neus – olandų" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Neus" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nase" title="Nase – naujoji norvegų" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nase" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="naujoji norvegų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nese" title="Nese – norvegų bukmolas" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nese" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegų bukmolas" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nas" title="Nas – očitarų" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nas" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="očitarų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Funyaan" title="Funyaan – oromų" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Funyaan" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%95" title="ਨੱਕ – pendžabų" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨੱਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendžabų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eleng" title="Eleng – pangasinanų" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Eleng" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="pangasinanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pangasinan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arung" title="Arung – pampangų" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Arung" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampangų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nos" title="Nos – lenkų" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nos" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="lenkų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nas" title="Nas – italų kalbos Pjemonto tarmė" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Nas" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="italų kalbos Pjemonto tarmė" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DA%A9" title="نک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%85%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BD" title="Μυτίν – Ponto" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Μυτίν" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Ponto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%87" title="پوزه – puštūnų" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="پوزه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="puštūnų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nariz" title="Nariz – portugalų" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nariz" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinqa" title="Sinqa – kečujų" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Sinqa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečujų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nas" title="Nas – retoromanų" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Nas" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="retoromanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nas" title="Nas – rumunų" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nas" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nari" title="Nari – aromanių" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Nari" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="aromanių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Нос – rusų" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нос" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE" title="नासिका – sanskritas" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="नासिका" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskritas" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Мурун – jakutų" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Мурун" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%B8" title="ᱢᱩᱸ – santalių" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱩᱸ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santalių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasu_(anatum%C3%ACa)" title="Nasu (anatumìa) – siciliečių" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Nasu (anatumìa)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neb" title="Neb – škotų" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Neb" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škotų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DA%AA" title="نڪ – sindų" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="نڪ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nos" title="Nos – serbų-kroatų" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nos" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbų-kroatų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nose" title="Nose – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Nose" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nos" title="Nos – slovakų" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nos" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nos" title="Nos – slovėnų" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Nos" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovėnų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mhuno" title="Mhuno – šonų" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Mhuno" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="šonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/San" title="San – somaliečių" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="San" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somaliečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunda" title="Hunda – albanų" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hunda" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D1%81" title="Нос – serbų" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нос" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irung" title="Irung – sundų" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Irung" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nos" title="Nos – švedų" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nos" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pua" title="Pua – suahilių" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Pua" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suahilių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sznupa" title="Sznupa – sileziečių" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Sznupa" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="sileziečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/cihek" title="cihek – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="cihek" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81" title="மூக்கு – tamilų" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மூக்கு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%81" title="ಮೂಂಕು – tulų" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಮೂಂಕು" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="tulų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Бинӣ – tadžikų" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Бинӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžikų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%81" title="จมูก – tajų" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จมูก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilong" title="Ilong – tagalogų" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Ilong" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalogų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="pavyzdinis straipsnis"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nko" title="Nko – tsvanų" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Nko" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="tsvanų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burun" title="Burun – turkų" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Burun" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Борын – totorių" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Борын" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="totorių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%87%D8%B1%DB%87%D9%86" title="بۇرۇن – uigūrų" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بۇرۇن" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="uigūrų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D1%81" title="Ніс – ukrainiečių" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ніс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="ناک – urdų" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ناک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burun" title="Burun – uzbekų" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Burun" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%A9i" title="Mũi – vietnamiečių" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mũi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamiečių" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nud" title="Nud – volapiuko" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Nud" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapiuko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nez" title="Nez – valonų" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Nez" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonų" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irong" title="Irong – varai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Irong" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BC%BB%E5%A4%B4" title="鼻头 – kinų kalbos vu tarmė" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="鼻头" 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Vikipedijos, laisvosios enciklopedijos.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="lt" dir="ltr"><table class="toccolours" style="float: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; width: 270px; font-size: 90%; text-align: left; clear: right;" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: larger; color:#fff; background-color:#696868; vertical-align: middle">Nosis </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background: transparent; text-align: center;"> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="float: centre;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Neus1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Neus1.jpg/250px-Neus1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Neus1.jpg/375px-Neus1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Neus1.jpg/500px-Neus1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="876" data-file-height="950" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background: transparent; text-align: center;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background: transparent; text-align: center;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: average; background-color:#efeeee; vertical-align: middle"><b>Duomenys</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Organ%C5%B3_sistema" title="Organų sistema">Sistema</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kv%C4%97pavimo_sistema" title="Kvėpavimo sistema">Kvėpavimo sistema</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" align="center" style="background: transparent; text-align: center;"> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: average; background-color:#efeeee; vertical-align: middle"><b>Klasifikacija</b> </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Lotyn%C5%B3_kalba" title="Lotynų kalba">Lotyniškai</a></b> </td> <td><i>nasus</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" title="Medical Subject Headings">MeSH</a></b> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/record/ui?ui=D009666">D009666</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA98</a></b> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/06.1.01.001%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm">A06.1.01.001</a> <br /> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/01.1.00.009%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm">A01.1.00.009</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA2</a></b> </td> <td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ta2viewer.openanatomy.org/?id=117">117</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Nosis</b> (<a href="/wiki/Lotyn%C5%B3_kalba" title="Lotynų kalba">lot.</a> <i>nasus</i>) – pradinė viršutinių kvėpavimo takų dalis, taip pat uoslės analizatorius periferinė dalis. Nosies ertmėje oras yra sušildomas, sudrėkinamas, mechaniškai sulaikomas smulkios dalelės (dulkės), nosies gleivinėje yra išsidėstę uoslės <a href="/wiki/Receptorius" class="mw-disambig" title="Receptorius">receptoriai</a>. Skiriama išorinė nosis, <i>nasus externus</i> ir nosies ertmė, <i>cavitas nasi</i>. </p><p>Nosies <a href="/wiki/Gleivin%C4%97" title="Gleivinė">gleivinėje</a> esantys plaukeliai sulaiko įkvepiamame <a href="/wiki/Oras" title="Oras">ore</a> esančias dulkes, o <a href="/wiki/Kraujagysl%C4%97" title="Kraujagyslė">kraujagyslės</a> sušildo orą. Dulkės pašalinamos lauk čiaudant. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Išorinė_žmogaus_nosis"><span id="I.C5.A1orin.C4.97_.C5.BEmogaus_nosis"></span>Išorinė žmogaus nosis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosis&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Išorinė žmogaus nosis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosis&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Išorinė žmogaus nosis"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Nosies_ertm%C4%97" title="Nosies ertmė">Nosies ertmės</a> priekinė dalis yra veide atsikišusioje išorinėje nosyje, <i>nasus externus</i>. Išorinė nosis yra netaisyklingos trisienės <a href="/wiki/Piramid%C4%97" title="Piramidė">piramidės</a> formos. Vidurinė jos dalis vadinama nosies nugara, <i>dorsum nasi</i>, ją sudaro nosikauliai, iš dalies ir viršutinių žandikaulių kaktinės ataugos, pertvaros kremzlės ir šoninių nosies kremzlių priekiniai viršutiniai kraštai. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Nosies_kremzl%C4%97s.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Nosies_kremzl%C4%97s.png/220px-Nosies_kremzl%C4%97s.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Nosies_kremzl%C4%97s.png/330px-Nosies_kremzl%C4%97s.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Nosies_kremzl%C4%97s.png/440px-Nosies_kremzl%C4%97s.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="315" /></a><figcaption>Nosies kremzlės</figcaption></figure> <p>Nugaros forma yra individualiai įvairuojanti – gali būti tiesi, išlenkta ir įdubusi. Nosies nugaros perėjimas viršuje į kaktą vadinamas nosies šaknimi, <i>radix nasi</i>. Labiausiai į priekį atsikišusi apatinė išorinės nosies dalis vadinama nosies viršūne, <i>apex nasi</i>. Apačioje išorinės nosies pamate yra dvi žemyn nukreiptos ataugos, vadinamos šnervėmis, <i>nares</i>, kurias šonuose riboja nosies sparnai, <i>alae nasi</i>. Sparnai yra judresni, paslankesni, labiau atsikišę į šonus. Šnervės gali būti aiškiai asimetriškos. Didžiąją dalį išorinės nosies <a href="/wiki/Skeletas" class="mw-disambig" title="Skeletas">skeleto</a> sudaro hialinės kremzlės, judrios viena kitos atžvilgiu. Kremzles tarpusavyje jungia <a href="/wiki/Skaidula" title="Skaidula">skaidula</a> jungiamasis audinys. Kaulinį–kremzlinį išorinės nosies skeletą dengia plonas neištisinis sluoksnis <a href="/wiki/Raumenys" class="mw-redirect" title="Raumenys">raumenų</a>, priklausančių mimikos raumenų grupei (raumenys prasideda nuo viršutinio žandikaulio). </p><p> Išorėje nosį dengia plona oda, paslankesnė nugarėlės srityje, joje yra gana daug prakaito ir didokų riebalinių liaukų, kurios jau naujagimių esti ryškios. Sparnelių oda storesnė, tankesniu audiniu tvirčiau priaugusi prie nosies kremzlinio skeleto. Poodyje <a href="/wiki/Riebalai" class="mw-redirect" title="Riebalai">riebalinio</a> audinio paprastai yra nedaug.</p><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Vaizdas:Lightmatter_elephanttrunk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Lightmatter_elephanttrunk.jpg/150px-Lightmatter_elephanttrunk.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Lightmatter_elephanttrunk.jpg/225px-Lightmatter_elephanttrunk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Lightmatter_elephanttrunk.jpg/300px-Lightmatter_elephanttrunk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Dramblio pakitusi nosis</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Žmogaus_nosies_ertmė"><span id=".C5.BDmogaus_nosies_ertm.C4.97"></span>Žmogaus nosies ertmė</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosis&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Žmogaus nosies ertmė" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosis&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Žmogaus nosies ertmė"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tai išorinės nosies viduje ir <a href="/wiki/Kaukol%C4%97" title="Kaukolė">kaukolės</a> veidinėje dalyje esanti didelė porinė ertmė. Pradinė ertmės dalis, ribojama išorinės nosies, yra vadinama nosies prieangiu, <i>vestibulum nasi</i>, kuris šnervėmis atsiveria į išorę. Visa nosies ertmė užpakalinėje dalyje baigiasi nosinėmis ryklės angomis, <i>choanae</i>, atsiverdama į nosiaryklę. <b>Nosies prieangis</b> – tai santykinai platesnė pradinė nosies ertmės dalis. Prieangį iškloja odą, kurioje būna plaukelių, <i>vibrissae</i>, kiek sulaikančių ore esančias pašalines daleles. Odoje taip pat būna <a href="/wiki/Prakaitas" title="Prakaitas">prakaito</a> ir riebalinių liaukų. <b>Nosies pertvara</b> – ištisinė nosies pertvara, <i>septum nasi</i>, padalija nosies ertmę į dvi dalis – dešinę ir kairę. Skiriamos dvi pertvaros dalys: priekinė dalis yra paslankesnė, <i>pars mobilis</i>, sudaryta iš nosies pertvaros <a href="/wiki/Kremzl%C4%97" class="mw-redirect" title="Kremzlė">kremzlės</a>, <i>pars cartilaginea</i>, ir plėvinės dalies, <i>pars membranacea</i>; užpakalinę kaulinę pertvaros dalį, <i>pars ossea</i>, sudaro du kaulai – <a href="/wiki/Akytkaulis" title="Akytkaulis">akytkaulio</a> stačioji plokštelė ir <a href="/wiki/Noragas" title="Noragas">noragas</a>. Abi nosies pusės paprastai esti nevienodo dydžio, nes pertvara nėra išsidėsčiusi tiksliai vidurio plokštumoje. <b>Nosies ertmės sienos ir landos</b>. Šoninė nosies siena yra sudėtingo reljefo. Joje yra trys į vidinę pusę ir žemyn atsikišusios plonos kaulinės plokštelės, kurias dengia <a href="/wiki/Gleivin%C4%97" title="Gleivinė">gleivinė</a>. Jos vadinamos nosies kriauklėmis – viršutine, vidurine ir apatine. Didžiausia ir ilgiausia kriauklė yra apatinė, trumpiausia – viršutinė. Visos trys išsidėsto taip, kad jų užpakaliniai galai atsiduria maždaug vienoje vertikalioje linijoje netoli nosinių ryklės angų. </p> <ul><li>Tarp kriauklių ir šoninės sienos susidaro trys nosies landos:</li> <li>Tarp viršutinės nosies kriauklės ir šoninės sienos susidaro trumpiausia viršutinė nosies landa, <i>meatus nasi superior</i>;</li> <li>Tarp vidurinės kriauklės ir šoninės sienos susidaro vidurinė nosies landa, <i>meatus nasi medius</i>;</li></ul> <p>Analogiškai po apatine kriaukle – ilgiausia apatinė nosies landa, <i>meatus nasi inferior</i>. Kriauklės labai padidina bendrą nosies ertmės paviršiaus plotą ir dėl susiaurėjusių takų sukelia einančio oro <a href="/wiki/Turbulencija" title="Turbulencija">turbulenciją</a>. Taigi oras drėkinamas, apvalomas ir šildomas. Nosies ertmės gleivinė yra gana tvirtai suaugusi su kaulinėmis sienomis. Ją dengia daugiaeilis virpamasis epitelis, kuris labai svarbus einančiam orui apvalyti. Šis epitelis dar vadinamas kvėpuojamuoju epiteliu. Gleivinėje yra daug nosies gleivinės liaukų, <i>glandulae nasales</i>, todėl gleivinės paviršius yra lipnus, prie jo prilimpa ore esančios smulkios dalelės, o epitelio ląstelės stumia šį ploną gleivių sluoksnį link nosiaryklės, iš jos į burninę ryklės dalį ir toliau – praryjama. Gleivėse taip pat yra baktericidinių medžiagų, jos svarbios ir uoslės funkcijai. Visą gleivinę galima skirstyti į dvi funkciškai kiek skirtingas dalis: žemiau esančią didesnę <a href="/wiki/Kv%C4%97pavimas" title="Kvėpavimas">kvėpuojamą</a> sritį ir mažesnę <a href="/wiki/Uosl%C4%97" title="Uoslė">uodžiamąją</a> sritį, kuri yra viršutinėje nosies ertmės dalyje. Uodžiamosios srities gleivinė esti geltonesnės spalvos ir storesnė negu kvėpuojamosios srities. Čia yra uodžiamieji nervai. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nosies_pažeidimai"><span id="Nosies_pa.C5.BEeidimai"></span>Nosies pažeidimai</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosis&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Nosies pažeidimai" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosis&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Nosies pažeidimai"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Nosies lūžiai</li> <li>Nosies pertvaros iškrypimai.</li></ul> <p>Nosį taip pat pažeidžia <a href="/wiki/Sifilis" title="Sifilis">sifilis</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0unvot%C4%97" title="Šunvotė">šunvotė</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ro%C5%BE%C4%97" title="Rožė">rožė</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nosies_kremzlės"><span id="Nosies_kremzl.C4.97s"></span>Nosies kremzlės</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosis&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Nosies kremzlės" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosis&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Nosies kremzlės"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nosį sudaro trys pagrindinės kremzlės: nosies pertvaros kremzlė, <i>cartilago septi nasi</i>, šoninės nosies kremzlė, <i>cartilago nasi lateralis</i>, didžioji sparno kremzlė, <i>cartilago alaris major</i>. Be šių kremzlių dar gali būti įvairus skaičius mažesnių netaisyklingos formos kremzlių: mažosios sparno kremzlės, <i>cartilages alares minores</i>, priedinės nosies kremzlės, <i>cartilages nasi accessoriae</i>, nosinė norago kremzlė, <i>cartilago vomeronasalis</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nosies_pakitimai">Nosies pakitimai</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosis&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Nosies pakitimai" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosis&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Nosies pakitimai"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Straubliniai" title="Straubliniai">Straubliniai</a> gyvūnai turi ilgą straublį, kuris susiformavo susiliejus nosiai su raumeninga viršutine <a href="/wiki/L%C5%ABpa" title="Lūpa">lūpa</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didnos%C4%97s_be%C5%BEd%C5%BEion%C4%97s" class="mw-redirect" title="Didnosės beždžionės">Didnosių beždžionių</a> patinų nosis ilga ir nukarusi, ji yra svarbi viliojant patelę. Ką tik gimęs jauniklis turi normalią nosį, senstant ji didėja, bet patelių ji daug mažesnė negu patino.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatūra"><span id="Literat.C5.ABra"></span>Literatūra</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosis&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Literatūra" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosis&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Literatūra"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>G. Česnys, J. Tutkuvienė, A. Barkus, V. L. Gedrimas, R. Jankauskas, R. Rizgelienė, J. Žukienė „Žmogaus anatomija 1”</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nuorodos">Nuorodos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosis&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redaguoti skyrelį: Nuorodos" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redaguoti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nosis&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Nuorodos"><span>redaguoti vikitekstą</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table border="0" align="right" width="250" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-interactive-subtle, #f8f9fa); color: inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="http://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nose&uselang=lt"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/80px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td><div class="plainlinks"><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Nose?&uselang=lt">Vikiteka: Nosis</a></b> – vaizdinė ir garsinė medžiaga </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartleby.com/107/">Žmogaus anatomija</a></li></ul> <p><br clear="all" /> </p> <div style="clear:both" class="NavFrame"> <div class="NavHead" style="background-color: #ccccff; font-weight: normal;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:xx-small; ; float: left; width:auto; margin-left: 0.5em;"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ablonas:%C5%BDmogaus_anatomija" title="Šablonas:Žmogaus anatomija"><span title="Pažiūrėkite šabloną" style=";">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablono_aptarimas:%C5%BDmogaus_anatomija&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Šablono aptarimas:Žmogaus anatomija (puslapis neegzistuoja)"><span style="color:#002bb8;;" title="Aptarkite šabloną">a</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0ablonas:%C5%BDmogaus_anatomija&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;" title="Šį šabloną galima redaguoti. Prieš išsaugant pažiūrėkite, kaip atrodys.">r</span></a></div><b> <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDmogaus_organ%C5%B3_sistemos" title="Žmogaus organų sistemos">Žmogaus organų sistemos</a> </b></div> <div class="NavContent" style="font-size:0.9em; margin:0.5em 0.5em 0.5em 0.5em;"> <center><b><a href="/wiki/Kv%C4%97pavimo_sistema" title="Kvėpavimo sistema">Kvėpavimo sistema</a></b><br /> <p><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nosis</a> - <a href="/wiki/Nosies_ertm%C4%97" title="Nosies ertmė">Nosies ertmė</a> - <a href="/wiki/Gerklos" title="Gerklos">Gerklos</a> - <a href="/wiki/Trach%C4%97ja" title="Trachėja">Trachėja</a> - <a href="/wiki/Bronchas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronchas">Bronchai</a> - <a href="/wiki/Bronchiol%C4%97" title="Bronchiolė">Bronchiolės</a> - <a href="/wiki/Plautis" class="mw-redirect" title="Plautis">Plaučiai</a> - <a href="/wiki/Diafragma" title="Diafragma">Diafragma</a> - <a href="/wiki/Plau%C4%8Di%C5%B3_alveol%C4%97" title="Plaučių alveolė">Alveolės</a> </p> </center></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Rodomas puslapis "<a dir="ltr" href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nosis&oldid=7317022">https://lt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nosis&oldid=7317022</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Specialus:Kategorijos" title="Specialus:Kategorijos">Kategorijos</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Kv%C4%97pavimo_sistema" title="Kategorija:Kvėpavimo sistema">Kvėpavimo sistema</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Jutimo_organai" title="Kategorija:Jutimo organai">Jutimo organai</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorija:Uosl%C4%97s_sistema" title="Kategorija:Uoslės sistema">Uoslės sistema</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Šis puslapis paskutinį kartą keistas 5 liepos 2024 08:34.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekstas pateikiamas pagal <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike Licenciją</a>; gali būti taikomos papildomos sąlygos. 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