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Rexed laminae - Wikipedia

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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Layers of grey matter in the spinal cord</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg/350px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="257" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg/525px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg/700px-Medulla_spinalis_-_Substantia_grisea_-_English.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="514" /></a><figcaption>Spinal cord - grey matter</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Spinalcord_trirev_rexedlamina.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Spinalcord_trirev_rexedlamina.svg/350px-Spinalcord_trirev_rexedlamina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Spinalcord_trirev_rexedlamina.svg/525px-Spinalcord_trirev_rexedlamina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Spinalcord_trirev_rexedlamina.svg/700px-Spinalcord_trirev_rexedlamina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1052" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption>Rexed laminae</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Rexed_lamina" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Rexed lamina">Rexed lamina</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <p>The <b>Rexed laminae</b> (singular: Rexed lamina) comprise a system of ten layers of <a href="/wiki/Grey_matter" title="Grey matter">grey matter</a> (I–X), identified in the early 1950s by <a href="/wiki/Bror_Rexed" title="Bror Rexed">Bror Rexed</a> to label portions of the <a href="/wiki/Grey_column" class="mw-redirect" title="Grey column">grey columns</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Spinal_cord" title="Spinal cord">spinal cord</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Similar to <a href="/wiki/Brodmann_area" title="Brodmann area">Brodmann areas</a>, they are defined by their cellular structure rather than by their location, but the location still remains reasonably consistent.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">&#91;<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2015)">citation needed</span></a></i>&#93;</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Laminae">Laminae</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rexed_laminae&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Laminae"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_grey_column" class="mw-redirect" title="Posterior grey column">Posterior grey column</a>: I–VI <ul><li>Lamina I: <a href="/wiki/Marginal_nucleus_of_spinal_cord" title="Marginal nucleus of spinal cord">marginal nucleus of spinal cord</a> or posteromarginal nucleus<sup id="cite_ref-Carpenter_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carpenter-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Lamina II: <a href="/wiki/Substantia_gelatinosa_of_Rolando" title="Substantia gelatinosa of Rolando">substantia gelatinosa of Rolando</a><sup id="cite_ref-Carpenter_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carpenter-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Laminae III and IV: <a href="/wiki/Nucleus_proprius" class="mw-redirect" title="Nucleus proprius">nucleus proprius</a><sup id="cite_ref-Carpenter_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carpenter-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Lamina V: Neck of the dorsal horn. Neurons within lamina V are mainly involved in processing sensory afferent stimuli from cutaneous, muscle and joint mechanical nociceptors as well as visceral nociceptors. This layer is home to wide dynamic range tract neurons, interneurons and propriospinal neurons. Viscerosomatic pain signal convergence often occurs in this lamina due to the presence of wide dynamic range tract neurons resulting in pain referral.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Lamina VI: Base of the dorsal horn. No nociceptive input occurs here, instead this lamina receives input from large-diameter fibres innervating muscles and joints and from muscle spindles which are sensitive to innocuous joint movement and muscle stretch to feed forward this information to the cerebellum where it can modulate muscle tone accordingly.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateral_grey_column" title="Lateral grey column">Lateral grey column</a>: VII and X <ul><li>Lamina VII: intermediomedial nucleus, <a href="/wiki/Intermediolateral_nucleus" title="Intermediolateral nucleus">intermediolateral nucleus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Posterior_thoracic_nucleus" title="Posterior thoracic nucleus">posterior thoracic nucleus</a> in the thoracic and upper lumbar region<sup id="cite_ref-Blumenfeld_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Blumenfeld-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>Lamina X: an area of grey matter – the <a href="/wiki/Grey_commissure" title="Grey commissure">grey commissure</a> surrounding the <a href="/wiki/Central_canal" title="Central canal">central canal</a>. This region also serves to connect the anterior and posterior <a href="/wiki/Grey_columns" title="Grey columns">grey columns</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Carpenter_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carpenter-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Rexed never described this as <i>lamina X</i> but as <i>area X</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Haines_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haines-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anterior_grey_column" class="mw-redirect" title="Anterior grey column">Anterior grey column</a>: VIII–IX <ul><li>Lamina VIII: motor <a href="/wiki/Interneurons" class="mw-redirect" title="Interneurons">interneurons</a></li> <li>Lamina IX: hypaxial (body wall muscles), lateral (in limb regions) and medial (back muscles) <a href="/wiki/Motor_neurons" class="mw-redirect" title="Motor neurons">motor neurons</a>, also <a href="/wiki/Phrenic_nerve" title="Phrenic nerve">phrenic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Accessory_nerve" title="Accessory nerve">spinal accessory</a> nuclei at cervical levels, and <a href="/wiki/Onuf%27s_nucleus" title="Onuf&#39;s nucleus">Onuf's nucleus</a> in the sacral region</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rexed_laminae&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terminal_cisterna" class="mw-redirect" title="Terminal cisterna">Terminal cisterna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preganglionic_nerve_fibers" title="Preganglionic nerve fibers">Preganglionic nerve fibers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postganglionic_nerve_fibers" title="Postganglionic nerve fibers">Postganglionic nerve fibers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splanchnic_nerves" title="Splanchnic nerves">Splanchnic nerves</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rexed_laminae&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 32em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFRexed1952" class="citation journal cs1">Rexed B (June 1952). "The cytoarchitectonic organization of the spinal cord in the cat". <i>The Journal of Comparative Neurology</i>. <b>96</b> (3): 414–95. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fcne.900960303">10.1002/cne.900960303</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14946260">14946260</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:42584106">42584106</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Comparative+Neurology&amp;rft.atitle=The+cytoarchitectonic+organization+of+the+spinal+cord+in+the+cat&amp;rft.volume=96&amp;rft.issue=3&amp;rft.pages=414-95&amp;rft.date=1952-06&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A42584106%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F14946260&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fcne.900960303&amp;rft.aulast=Rexed&amp;rft.aufirst=B&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARexed+laminae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRexed1954" class="citation journal cs1">Rexed B (April 1954). "A cytoarchitectonic atlas of the spinal cord in the cat". <i>The Journal of Comparative Neurology</i>. <b>100</b> (2): 297–379. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fcne.901000205">10.1002/cne.901000205</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/13163236">13163236</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:40517545">40517545</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+Comparative+Neurology&amp;rft.atitle=A+cytoarchitectonic+atlas+of+the+spinal+cord+in+the+cat&amp;rft.volume=100&amp;rft.issue=2&amp;rft.pages=297-379&amp;rft.date=1954-04&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A40517545%23id-name%3DS2CID&amp;rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F13163236&amp;rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fcne.901000205&amp;rft.aulast=Rexed&amp;rft.aufirst=B&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARexed+laminae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carpenter-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Carpenter_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carpenter_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carpenter_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carpenter_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarpenter1985" class="citation book cs1">Carpenter, Malcolm B. (1985). <i>Core text of neuroanatomy</i> (3rd.&#160;ed.). Baltimore: Williams &amp; Wilkins. pp.&#160;61–68. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0683014552" title="Special:BookSources/0683014552"><bdi>0683014552</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Core+text+of+neuroanatomy&amp;rft.place=Baltimore&amp;rft.pages=61-68&amp;rft.edition=3rd.&amp;rft.pub=Williams+%26+Wilkins&amp;rft.date=1985&amp;rft.isbn=0683014552&amp;rft.aulast=Carpenter&amp;rft.aufirst=Malcolm+B.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARexed+laminae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDarbyCramer2013" class="citation book cs1">Darby SA, Cramer GD (2013). <i>Clinical Anatomy of the Spine, Spinal Cord and ANS</i>. Saint Louis, MO, USA: Mosby. pp.&#160;341–413. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0323079549" title="Special:BookSources/978-0323079549"><bdi>978-0323079549</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Clinical+Anatomy+of+the+Spine%2C+Spinal+Cord+and+ANS&amp;rft.place=Saint+Louis%2C+MO%2C+USA&amp;rft.pages=341-413&amp;rft.pub=Mosby&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.isbn=978-0323079549&amp;rft.aulast=Darby&amp;rft.aufirst=Susan+A.&amp;rft.au=Cramer%2C+Gregory+D.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARexed+laminae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKandelSchwartz2013" class="citation book cs1">Kandel ER, Schwartz JH (2013). <i>Principles of Neural Science</i> (5th&#160;ed.). New York City, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill Group. p.&#160;535. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-07-139011-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-07-139011-8"><bdi>978-0-07-139011-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Principles+of+Neural+Science&amp;rft.place=New+York+City%2C+NY%2C+USA&amp;rft.pages=535&amp;rft.edition=5th&amp;rft.pub=McGraw-Hill+Group&amp;rft.date=2013&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-07-139011-8&amp;rft.aulast=Kandel&amp;rft.aufirst=Eric+R.&amp;rft.au=Schwartz%2C+James+H.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARexed+laminae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Blumenfeld-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Blumenfeld_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlumenfeld2010" class="citation book cs1">Blumenfeld H (2010). <i>Neuroanatomy through Clinical Cases</i>. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Neuroanatomy+through+Clinical+Cases&amp;rft.place=Sunderland%2C+MA&amp;rft.pub=Sinauer+Associates&amp;rft.date=2010&amp;rft.aulast=Blumenfeld&amp;rft.aufirst=Hal&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARexed+laminae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haines-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Haines_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaines2018" class="citation book cs1">Haines, Duane (2018). <i>Fundamental neuroscience for basic and clinical applications</i> (Fifth&#160;ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier. p.&#160;141. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780323396325" title="Special:BookSources/9780323396325"><bdi>9780323396325</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Fundamental+neuroscience+for+basic+and+clinical+applications&amp;rft.place=Philadelphia%2C+PA&amp;rft.pages=141&amp;rft.edition=Fifth&amp;rft.pub=Elsevier&amp;rft.date=2018&amp;rft.isbn=9780323396325&amp;rft.aulast=Haines&amp;rft.aufirst=Duane&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARexed+laminae" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Spinal_cord" title="Template:Spinal cord"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Spinal_cord" title="Template talk:Spinal cord"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Spinal_cord" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Spinal cord"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Spinal_cord" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Spinal_cord" title="Spinal cord">Spinal cord</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cervical_enlargement" title="Cervical enlargement">Cervical enlargement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumbar_enlargement" title="Lumbar enlargement">Lumbar enlargement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conus_medullaris" title="Conus medullaris">Conus medullaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filum_terminale" title="Filum terminale">Filum terminale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cauda_equina" title="Cauda equina">Cauda equina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meninges" title="Meninges">Meninges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_canal" title="Central canal">Central canal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terminal_ventricle" class="mw-redirect" title="Terminal ventricle">Terminal ventricle</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grey_column" class="mw-redirect" title="Grey column">Grey columns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Posterior_grey_column" class="mw-redirect" title="Posterior grey column">Posterior grey column</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marginal_nucleus_of_spinal_cord" title="Marginal nucleus of spinal cord">Marginal nucleus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substantia_gelatinosa_of_Rolando" title="Substantia gelatinosa of Rolando">Substantia gelatinosa of Rolando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nucleus_proprius_of_spinal_cord" title="Nucleus proprius of spinal cord">Nucleus proprius</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rexed lamina V</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rexed lamina VI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lateral_grey_column" title="Lateral grey column">Lateral grey column</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intermediolateral_nucleus" title="Intermediolateral nucleus">Intermediolateral nucleus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_thoracic_nucleus" title="Posterior thoracic nucleus">Posterior thoracic nucleus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anterior_grey_column" class="mw-redirect" title="Anterior grey column">Anterior grey column</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interneuron" title="Interneuron">Interneuron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_motor_neuron" title="Alpha motor neuron">Alpha motor neuron</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Onuf%27s_nucleus" title="Onuf&#39;s nucleus">Onuf's nucleus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_motor_neuron" title="Gamma motor neuron">Gamma motor neuron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rexed laminae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_gelatinous_substance_of_spinal_cord" class="mw-redirect" title="Central gelatinous substance of spinal cord">Central gelatinous substance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gray_commissure" class="mw-redirect" title="Gray commissure">Gray commissure</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/White_matter" title="White matter">White matter</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sensory</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Posterior_funiculus" class="mw-redirect" title="Posterior funiculus">Posterior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_column-medial_lemniscus_pathway" class="mw-redirect" title="Posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway">Posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gracile_fasciculus" class="mw-redirect" title="Gracile fasciculus">Gracile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuneate_fasciculus" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuneate fasciculus">Cuneate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lateral_funiculus" title="Lateral funiculus">Lateral</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spinocerebellar_tract" class="mw-redirect" title="Spinocerebellar tract">Spinocerebellar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dorsal_spinocerebellar_tract" class="mw-redirect" title="Dorsal spinocerebellar tract">dorsal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventral_spinocerebellar_tract" class="mw-redirect" title="Ventral spinocerebellar tract">ventral</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinothalamic_tract" title="Spinothalamic tract">Spinothalamic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateral_spinothalamic_tract" class="mw-redirect" title="Lateral spinothalamic tract">lateral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anterior_spinothalamic_tract" class="mw-redirect" title="Anterior spinothalamic tract">anterior</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterolateral_tract" title="Posterolateral tract">Posterolateral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinotectal_tract" class="mw-redirect" title="Spinotectal tract">Spinotectal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anterior_funiculus" title="Anterior funiculus">Anterior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spinoreticular_tract" title="Spinoreticular tract">Spinoreticular tract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spino-olivary_tract" title="Spino-olivary tract">Spino-olivary tract</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Motor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lateral_funiculus" title="Lateral funiculus">Lateral</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pyramidal_tracts" title="Pyramidal tracts">Corticospinal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lateral_corticospinal_tract" title="Lateral corticospinal tract">Lateral</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extrapyramidal_system" title="Extrapyramidal system">Extrapyramidal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rubrospinal_tract" title="Rubrospinal tract">Rubrospinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lateral_raphespinal_tract" class="mw-redirect" title="Lateral raphespinal tract">Raphespinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reticular_formation#Descending_reticulospinal_tracts" title="Reticular formation">Reticulospinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypothalamospinal_tract" title="Hypothalamospinal tract">Hypothalamospinal</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Anterior_funiculus" title="Anterior funiculus">Anterior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Corticospinal <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anterior_corticospinal_tract" title="Anterior corticospinal tract">Anterior</a></li></ul></li> <li>Extrapyramidal <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vestibulospinal_tract" title="Vestibulospinal tract">Vestibulospinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reticular_formation#Descending_reticulospinal_tracts" title="Reticular formation">Reticulospinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tectospinal_tract" title="Tectospinal tract">Tectospinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anterior_raphespinal_tract" class="mw-redirect" title="Anterior raphespinal tract">Raphespinal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivospinal_tract" title="Olivospinal tract">Olivospinal</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Both</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anterior_white_commissure" title="Anterior white commissure">Anterior white commissure</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">External features</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ventral <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anterior_median_fissure_of_spinal_cord" title="Anterior median fissure of spinal cord">Anterior median fissure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anterolateral_sulcus_of_spinal_cord" title="Anterolateral sulcus of spinal cord">Anterolateral sulcus</a></li></ul></li> <li>Dorsal <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_median_sulcus_of_spinal_cord" title="Posterior median sulcus of spinal cord">Posterior median sulcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterolateral_sulcus_of_spinal_cord" title="Posterolateral sulcus of spinal cord">Posterolateral sulcus</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐ext.codfw.main‐64bc75cbbf‐srs2g Cached time: 20241218032047 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1] CPU time usage: 0.289 seconds Real time usage: 0.355 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1063/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 52738/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1268/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 35638/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.196/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 5373896/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 314.583 1 -total 34.55% 108.677 1 Template:Reflist 30.64% 96.382 5 Template:Navbox 30.02% 94.442 1 Template:Spinal_cord 19.72% 62.033 2 Template:Cite_journal 14.30% 44.984 1 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