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<span>Licensing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Licensing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Applications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Applications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Applications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Applications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Competition_with_X_Window_System" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Competition_with_X_Window_System"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Competition with X Window System</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Competition_with_X_Window_System-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> 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class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">NeWS: Difference between revisions</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox 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Available in 7 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">7 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/NeWS" title="NeWS – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="NeWS" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/NeWS" title="NeWS – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="NeWS" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/NeWS" title="NeWS – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="NeWS" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/NeWS" title="NeWS – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="NeWS" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/NeWS" title="NeWS – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="NeWS" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/NeWS" title="NeWS – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="NeWS" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_NeWS" title="Sun NeWS – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sun NeWS" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1582628#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> 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It allows adding a reason in the summary.">undo</a></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Sammy_welzon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new mw-userlink" title="User:Sammy welzon (page does not exist)" data-mw-revid="1072758349"><bdi>Sammy welzon</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Sammy_welzon" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:Sammy welzon">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Sammy_welzon" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/Sammy welzon">contribs</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"></div><div class="mw-diff-usereditcount"><span>8</span> edits</div></div></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle3"> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses"><span class="autocomment"><a href="#External_links">→<bdi dir="ltr">External links</bdi></a>: </span>short changes to improve this page</span></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle5"><span class="mw-tag-markers"><a href="/wiki/Special:Tags" title="Special:Tags">Tags</a>: <span class="mw-tag-marker mw-tag-marker-mw-reverted">Reverted</span> <span class="mw-tag-marker mw-tag-marker-mobile_edit">Mobile edit</span> <span class="mw-tag-marker mw-tag-marker-mobile_web_edit">Mobile web edit</span></span></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NeWS&diff=next&oldid=1072758349" title="NeWS" id="differences-nextlink">Next edit →</a></div></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 80:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 80:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>* [http://starynkevitch.net/Basile/NeWS_descr_oct_1993.html a short description of NeWS]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>* [http://starynkevitch.net/Basile/NeWS_descr_oct_1993.html a short description of NeWS]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>* [http://groups.google.co.uk/group/comp.windows.news/msg/2adcf09ada55201d?dmode=source The NeWS eyeball program]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>* [http://groups.google.co.uk/group/comp.windows.news/msg/2adcf09ada55201d?dmode=source The NeWS eyeball program]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>* [https://www.dailybrisknews.com/news/ Daily brisk news]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>* [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=4zG0uecYSMA NeWS: A Networked and Extensible Window System, lecture by James Gosling]</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>* [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=4zG0uecYSMA NeWS: A Networked and Extensible Window System, lecture by James Gosling]</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> </table><hr class='diff-hr' id='mw-oldid' /> <h2 class='diff-currentversion-title'>Revision as of 09:42, 19 February 2022</h2> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Discontinued windowing system developed by Sun Microsystems</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">NeWS</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HyperTIESAuthoring.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/HyperTIESAuthoring.jpg/300px-HyperTIESAuthoring.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/HyperTIESAuthoring.jpg/450px-HyperTIESAuthoring.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/HyperTIESAuthoring.jpg/600px-HyperTIESAuthoring.jpg 2x" data-file-width="790" data-file-height="644" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/HyperTIES" class="mw-redirect" title="HyperTIES">HyperTIES</a> browser and <a href="/wiki/Gosmacs" class="mw-redirect" title="Gosmacs">Emacs</a> authoring tool with <a href="/wiki/Pie_menus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pie menus">pie menus</a> on NeWS</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Original author(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Gosling" title="James Gosling">James Gosling</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_S._H._Rosenthal" title="David S. H. Rosenthal">David S. H. Rosenthal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">October 1986<span class="noprint">; 38 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1986-10</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/SunOS" title="SunOS">SunOS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Windowing_system" title="Windowing system">Windowing system</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>NeWS</b> (<b>Network extensible Window System</b>) is a discontinued <a href="/wiki/Windowing_system" title="Windowing system">windowing system</a> developed by <a href="/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a> in the mid-1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally known as "SunDew",<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> its primary authors were <a href="/wiki/James_Gosling" title="James Gosling">James Gosling</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_S._H._Rosenthal" title="David S. H. Rosenthal">David S. H. Rosenthal</a>. The NeWS <a href="/wiki/Interpreter_(computing)" title="Interpreter (computing)">interpreter</a> was based on <a href="/wiki/PostScript" title="PostScript">PostScript</a> (as was the later <a href="/wiki/Display_PostScript" title="Display PostScript">Display PostScript</a>, although the two projects were otherwise unrelated) extending it to allow interaction and multiple "contexts" to support windows. Like PostScript, NeWS could be used as a complete programming language, but unlike PostScript, NeWS could be used to make complete interactive programs with mouse support and a <a href="/wiki/GUI" class="mw-redirect" title="GUI">GUI</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design">Design</h2></div> <p>NeWS started by implementing a PostScript interpreter running in a <a href="/wiki/Cooperative_multitasking" title="Cooperative multitasking">cooperative multitasking</a> fashion, since, unlike PostScript in a printer, NeWS would be displaying a number of PostScript programs at the same time on one screen. It also added a complete view hierarchy, based on viewports known as <i>canvases</i>, and a synchronous event distribution system, supporting <i><a href="/wiki/Event_(computing)" title="Event (computing)">events</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Callback_(computer_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Callback (computer science)">interests</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Thread_(computer_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thread (computer science)">threads</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Monitor_(synchronization)" title="Monitor (synchronization)">monitors</a></i>. </p><p>Like the view system in most GUIs, NeWS included the concept of a tree of embedded views along which events were passed. For instance, a mouse click would generate an event that would be passed to the object directly under the mouse pointer, say a button. If this object did not respond to the event, the object "under" the button would then receive the message, and so on. NeWS included a complete model for these events, including timers and other automatic events, input queues for devices such as <a href="/wiki/Computer_mouse" title="Computer mouse">mice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Computer_keyboard" title="Computer keyboard">keyboards</a>, and other functionality required for full interaction. The input handling system was designed to provide strong event synchronization guarantees that were not possible with asynchronous protocols like X.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To support user interface widgets, NeWS expanded the original PostScript <a href="/wiki/Stack-based_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Stack-based language">stack-based language</a> into a complete <a href="/wiki/Object_oriented" class="mw-redirect" title="Object oriented">object oriented</a> (OO) programming style with <a href="/wiki/Inheritance_(computer_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Inheritance (computer science)">inheritance</a>. This eliminated the need for an external OO language to build a complete application. Since all of these additions were implemented as extensions to PostScript, it was possible to write simple PostScript code that would result in a running, onscreen, interactive program. Two popular demonstration programs were an onscreen clock, which required about two pages of code, and a program which drew a pair of eyes that followed the cursor as it moved around the screen. The eyeball program was shown at <a href="/wiki/SIGGRAPH" title="SIGGRAPH">SIGGRAPH</a> in 1988 and was the inspiration for the later well-known X application <a href="/wiki/Xeyes" class="mw-redirect" title="Xeyes">xeyes</a>. </p><p>NeWS included several libraries of user interface elements (<a href="/wiki/GUI_widget" class="mw-redirect" title="GUI widget">widgets</a>), themselves written in NeWS. These widgets ran all of their behavior in the NeWS interpreter, and only required communications to an outside program (or more NeWS code) when the widget demanded it. For example, a toggle button's display routine can query the button's state (pressed or not) and change its display accordingly. The button's PostScript code can also react to mouse clicks by changing its state from "pressed" to "not pressed" and vice versa. All this can happen in the windowing server without interaction with the client program, and only when the mouse is released on the button will an event be sent off for handling. This was more sophisticated than the <a href="/wiki/X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X Window System</a> server model, which can only report "mouse button was clicked down here", "mouse is now here", "mouse button was released here" events to a client, which then has to figure out if the event is in the button, switch the state, and finally instruct the server to display the new state. If client and server are not on the same machine, these interactions must travel over the network, which results in <a href="/wiki/Round-trip_delay_time" class="mw-redirect" title="Round-trip delay time">a delay in responding</a>. </p><p>NeWS was architecturally similar to what is now called <a href="/wiki/Ajax_(programming)" title="Ajax (programming)">AJAX</a>, except that NeWS coherently: </p> <ul><li>used PostScript code instead of <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> for programming.</li> <li>used PostScript graphics instead of <a href="/wiki/Dynamic_HTML" title="Dynamic HTML">DHTML</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cascading_Style_Sheets" class="mw-redirect" title="Cascading Style Sheets">CSS</a> for rendering.</li> <li>used PostScript data instead of <a href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</a> and <a href="/wiki/JSON" title="JSON">JSON</a> for data representation.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_NeWS_Toolkit_screen_snapshot.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/The_NeWS_Toolkit_screen_snapshot.gif/220px-The_NeWS_Toolkit_screen_snapshot.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/The_NeWS_Toolkit_screen_snapshot.gif/330px-The_NeWS_Toolkit_screen_snapshot.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/The_NeWS_Toolkit_screen_snapshot.gif/440px-The_NeWS_Toolkit_screen_snapshot.gif 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>TNT-based applications</figcaption></figure> <p>The best example of such a library is TNT (<i>The NeWS Toolkit</i>) which Sun released in 1989. Sun also shipped an earlier "Lite" toolkit intended for example purposes and making small programs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Licensing">Licensing</h2></div> <p>Although adoption was never widespread, several companies licensed NeWS and adapted it for various uses. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Silicon_Graphics" title="Silicon Graphics">SGI</a> used a version of it named <a href="/wiki/4Sight" class="mw-redirect" title="4Sight">4Sight</a> to replace their proprietary <a href="/wiki/MEX_(computing)" class="mw-redirect" title="MEX (computing)">MEX</a> windowing system.</li> <li>Grasshopper Group created a Macintosh port called MacNeWS.</li> <li>Architech Corporation ported NeWS to <a href="/wiki/OS/2" title="OS/2">OS/2</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Applications">Applications</h2></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/OPEN_LOOK" title="OPEN LOOK">OPEN LOOK</a> version of the <a href="/wiki/FrameMaker" class="mw-redirect" title="FrameMaker">FrameMaker</a> desktop publishing program, developed by <a href="/wiki/Frame_Technology_Corp." class="mw-redirect" title="Frame Technology Corp.">Frame Technology Corp.</a> with funding mainly from <a href="/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a> and <a href="/wiki/NSA" class="mw-redirect" title="NSA">NSA</a>, was one of the few commercial products that ran on NeWS. HyperLook, developed by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_van_Hoff" title="Arthur van Hoff">Arthur van Hoff</a> at <a href="/wiki/The_Turing_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="The Turing Institute">The Turing Institute</a>, was an interactive application design system.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Don_Hopkins" title="Don Hopkins">Don Hopkins</a> developed a NeWS version of <a href="/wiki/SimCity_(1989_video_game)" title="SimCity (1989 video game)">SimCity</a> that was built with HyperLook. </p><p>A commercial drawing program, <a href="/wiki/Altsys" title="Altsys">Altsys</a> Virtuoso, was produced for NeWS; it was a port of FreeHand with additional functionality that took advantage of the PostScript environment. Unfortunately Sun announced the end of support for NeWS just as Virtuoso became ready to ship. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Competition_with_X_Window_System">Competition with <a href="/wiki/X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X Window System</a></h2></div> <p>Compared to <a href="/wiki/X_Window_System" title="X Window System">X</a>, NeWS was vastly more powerful, but also slower (especially for local connections). The C API was very low level and difficult to use, so most NeWS programs tended to be entirely written in PostScript.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Another factor in the popularity was that Sun charged a fee to license the NeWS source code, while the MIT X11 code was free of cost. </p><p>The first versions of NeWS emulated the X10 protocol by translating the calls into NeWS PostScript. Speed problems plus the existence of programs that relied on the exact pixel results of X10 calls, and the obsolescence of X10, forced Sun to release an X11/NeWS hybrid called <i><a href="/wiki/Xnews_(X11_server)" class="mw-redirect" title="Xnews (X11 server)">Xnews</a></i> which ran an X11 server in parallel with the PostScript interpreter. This seriously degraded the NeWS interpreter performance and was not considered a very good X11 server either. Sun also implemented the OPEN LOOK user interface specification in several toolkits: The NeWS Toolkit (TNT) was an OPEN LOOK toolkit written in PostScript that ran in the NeWS server. <a href="/wiki/OLIT" title="OLIT">OLIT</a> was built on the same <a href="/wiki/X_Toolkit_Intrinsics" title="X Toolkit Intrinsics">Xt</a> (X Intrinsics) base as <a href="/wiki/Motif_(software)" title="Motif (software)">Motif</a>, and <a href="/wiki/XView" title="XView">XView</a> used the same <a href="/wiki/API" title="API">APIs</a> as Sun's earlier <a href="/wiki/SunView" title="SunView">SunView</a> window system. </p><p>After it was clear that OPEN LOOK had lost out to <a href="/wiki/Motif_(software)" title="Motif (software)">Motif</a> in popularity, and after <a href="/wiki/Adobe_Systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Adobe Systems">Adobe</a> acquired <a href="/wiki/FrameMaker" class="mw-redirect" title="FrameMaker">FrameMaker</a>, Sun stopped supporting NeWS, and products on NeWS simply vanished. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDon_Hopkins" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Don_Hopkins" title="Don Hopkins">Don Hopkins</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.art.net/studios/Hackers/Hopkins/Don/lang/NeWS.html">"NeWS - Network extensible Window System"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-01-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NeWS+-+Network+extensible+Window+System&rft.au=Don+Hopkins&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.art.net%2Fstudios%2FHackers%2FHopkins%2FDon%2Flang%2FNeWS.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeWS" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGosling1986" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Gosling" title="James Gosling">Gosling, James</a> (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chilton-computing.org.uk/inf/literature/books/wm/p005.htm">"Article 5 - SunDew"</a>. In F.R.A. Hopgood, D.A. Duce ... (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chilton-computing.org.uk/inf/literature/books/wm/overview.htm"><i>Methodology of Window Management (Eurographics Seminars) Proceedings of an Alvey Workshop at Cosener's House, Abingdon, UK, April 1985</i></a>. UK: <a href="/wiki/Springer-Verlag" class="mw-redirect" title="Springer-Verlag">Springer-Verlag</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-540-16116-3" title="Special:BookSources/3-540-16116-3"><bdi>3-540-16116-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-01-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Article+5+-+SunDew&rft.btitle=Methodology+of+Window+Management+%28Eurographics+Seminars%29+Proceedings+of+an+Alvey+Workshop+at+Cosener%27s+House%2C+Abingdon%2C+UK%2C+April+1985&rft.place=UK&rft.pub=Springer-Verlag&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=3-540-16116-3&rft.aulast=Gosling&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chilton-computing.org.uk%2Finf%2Fliterature%2Fbooks%2Fwm%2Fp005.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeWS" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chilton-computing.org.uk/inf/literature/books/wm/p005.htm">"SunDew - A Distributed and Extensible Window System"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SunDew+-+A+Distributed+and+Extensible+Window+System&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chilton-computing.org.uk%2Finf%2Fliterature%2Fbooks%2Fwm%2Fp005.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANeWS" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James Gosling, David S. H. Rosenthal, Michelle J. Arden (1989). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xHSoK66z34YC&pg=PA193">The NeWS Book</a></i>. Springer Verlag. p. 193. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-387-96915-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-387-96915-2">978-0-387-96915-2</a>. Google Book Search. Retrieved 2009-03-29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.art.net/studios/Hackers/Hopkins/Don/hyperlook/index.html">HyperLook (aka HyperNeWS (aka GoodNeWS))</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://starynkevitch.net/Basile/NeWS_descr_oct_1993.html">a short description of NeWS</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://groups.google.co.uk/group/comp.windows.news/msg/2adcf09ada55201d?dmode=source">The NeWS eyeball program</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailybrisknews.com/news/">Daily brisk news</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=4zG0uecYSMA">NeWS: A Networked and Extensible Window System, lecture by James Gosling</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sun_Microsystems" title="Template:Sun Microsystems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sun_Microsystems" title="Template talk:Sun Microsystems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sun_Microsystems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sun Microsystems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sun_Microsystems" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Microsystems" title="Sun Microsystems">Sun Microsystems</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Acquisition_of_Sun_Microsystems_by_Oracle_Corporation" title="Acquisition of Sun Microsystems by Oracle Corporation">Acquired by Oracle</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hardware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun-1" title="Sun-1">Sun-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun-2" title="Sun-2">Sun-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun-3" title="Sun-3">Sun-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun386i" title="Sun386i">Sun386i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun-4" title="Sun-4">Sun-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARCstation" title="SPARCstation">SPARCstation/server/center</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SPARCstation_1" title="SPARCstation 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARCstation_2" title="SPARCstation 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARCstation_4" class="mw-redirect" title="SPARCstation 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARCstation_5" title="SPARCstation 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARCstation_10" title="SPARCstation 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARCstation_20" title="SPARCstation 20">20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARCstation_IPC" title="SPARCstation IPC">IPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARCstation_IPX" title="SPARCstation IPX">IPX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARCstation_LX" title="SPARCstation LX">LX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARCstation_ZX" title="SPARCstation ZX">ZX</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARCclassic" title="SPARCclassic">SPARCclassic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Netra" title="Sun Netra">Netra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Ultra" title="Sun Ultra">Ultra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_1" title="Ultra 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultra 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_5/10" title="Ultra 5/10">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_5/10" title="Ultra 5/10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_24" title="Ultra 24">24</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_30" title="Ultra 30">30</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_60" title="Ultra 60">60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_80" title="Ultra 80">80</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Enterprise" title="Sun Enterprise">Enterprise</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Enterprise_10000" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Enterprise 10000">10000</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Blade" title="Sun Blade">Blade server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Blade_(workstation)" title="Sun Blade (workstation)">Blade workstation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Fire" title="Sun Fire">Fire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Fire_12K" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Fire 12K">12K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Fire_15K" title="Sun Fire 15K">15K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Fire_E25K" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Fire E25K">E25K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Fire_T2000" title="Sun Fire T2000">T2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Fire_X4500" title="Sun Fire X4500">X4500</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARC_Enterprise" title="SPARC Enterprise">SPARC Enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JavaStation" title="JavaStation">JavaStation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Java_Workstation" title="Sun Java Workstation">Java Workstation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Ray" title="Sun Ray">Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobalt_Qube" title="Cobalt Qube">Cobalt Qube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobalt_RaQ" title="Cobalt RaQ">Cobalt RaQ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Processors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SPARC" title="SPARC">SPARC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MB86900" title="MB86900">MB86900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MicroSPARC" title="MicroSPARC">microSPARC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SuperSPARC" title="SuperSPARC">SuperSPARC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UltraSPARC" title="UltraSPARC">UltraSPARC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UltraSPARC_II" title="UltraSPARC II">UltraSPARC II</a> <ul><li>UltraSPARC IIe</li> <li>UltraSPARC IIi</li> <li>Gemini</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UltraSPARC_III" title="UltraSPARC III">UltraSPARC III</a> <ul><li>UltraSPARC III Cu</li> <li>UltraSPARC IIIi</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UltraSPARC_IV" title="UltraSPARC IV">UltraSPARC IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UltraSPARC_T1" title="UltraSPARC T1">UltraSPARC T1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UltraSPARC_T2" title="UltraSPARC T2">UltraSPARC T2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARC_T3" title="SPARC T3">SPARC T3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARC_T4" title="SPARC T4">SPARC T4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARC_T5" title="SPARC T5">SPARC T5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_(processor)" title="Rock (processor)">Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAJC" title="MAJC">MAJC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun4d" title="Sun4d">Sun4d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SBus" title="SBus">SBus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fireplane" title="Fireplane">Fireplane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LOM_port" title="LOM port">LOM port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBus_(SPARC)" title="MBus (SPARC)">MBus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Modular_Datacenter" title="Sun Modular Datacenter">Modular Datacenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Neptune" title="Sun Neptune">Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Service_Processor" title="System Service Processor">System Service Processor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPARC_T_series" title="SPARC T series">SPARC T series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_SPOT" title="Sun SPOT">SPOT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_Port_Architecture" title="Ultra Port Architecture">Ultra Port Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Instruction_Set" title="Visual Instruction Set">Visual Instruction Set</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sun-Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sun Microsystems logo"><img alt="Sun Microsystems logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Sun-Logo.svg/110px-Sun-Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Sun-Logo.svg/165px-Sun-Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Sun-Logo.svg/220px-Sun-Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="129" data-file-height="56" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SunOS" title="SunOS">SunOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Solaris" title="Oracle Solaris">Solaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_Information_Service" title="Network Information Service">NIS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NIS%2B" title="NIS+">NIS+</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_File_System" title="Network File System">NFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_ZFS" title="Oracle ZFS">ZFS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ZFS%2B" title="ZFS+">ZFS+</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SunView" title="SunView">SunView</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">NeWS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenWindows" title="OpenWindows">OpenWindows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Java_Desktop_System" title="Java Desktop System">Java Desktop System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Developer_Studio" title="Oracle Developer Studio">Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Java_(software_platform)" title="Java (software platform)">Java</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StarOffice" title="StarOffice">StarOffice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPlanet" title="IPlanet">iPlanet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Java_System" title="Sun Java System">Java System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Secure_Global_Desktop" title="Oracle Secure Global Desktop">Sun Secure Global Desktop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MySQL" title="MySQL">MySQL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_xVM" title="Sun xVM">xVM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GlassFish" title="GlassFish">GlassFish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VirtualBox" title="VirtualBox">VirtualBox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Storage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun_StorageTek_5800_System" title="Sun StorageTek 5800 System">StorageTek 5800 System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_StorageTek_SL8500" title="Sun StorageTek SL8500">StorageTek SL8500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Open_Storage" title="Sun Open Storage">Open Storage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QFS" title="QFS">QFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_ZFS" title="Oracle ZFS">ZFS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Performance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Cloud" title="Sun Cloud">Cloud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Constellation_System" title="Sun Constellation System">Constellation System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Visualization_System" title="Sun Visualization System">Visualization System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Grid_Engine" title="Oracle Grid Engine">Grid Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lustre_(file_system)" title="Lustre (file system)">Lustre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Labs" title="Oracle Labs">Sun Microsystems Laboratories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PicoJava" title="PicoJava">picoJava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_(programming_language)" title="Fortress (programming language)">Fortress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Looking_Glass" title="Project Looking Glass">Project Looking Glass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oracle_Certification_Program" title="Oracle Certification Program">SCPs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlueJ" title="BlueJ">BlueJ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Community</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Development_and_Distribution_License" title="Common Development and Distribution License">Common Development and Distribution License</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Java_Community_Process" title="Java Community Process">Java Community Process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetBeans" title="NetBeans">NetBeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenOffice.org" title="OpenOffice.org">OpenOffice.org</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenSolaris" title="OpenSolaris">OpenSolaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenSPARC" title="OpenSPARC">OpenSPARC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenJDK" title="OpenJDK">OpenJDK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Source_University_Meetup" title="Open Source University Meetup">Open Source University Meetup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sun_Microsystems_employees" title="List of Sun Microsystems employees">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Joy" title="Bill Joy">Bill Joy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Bechtolsheim" title="Andy Bechtolsheim">Andy Bechtolsheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_McNealy" title="Scott McNealy">Scott McNealy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinod_Khosla" title="Vinod Khosla">Vinod Khosla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Acquisitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afara_Websystems" title="Afara Websystems">Afara Websystems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cobalt_Networks" title="Cobalt Networks">Cobalt Networks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gridware" class="mw-redirect" title="Gridware">Gridware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lighthouse_Design" title="Lighthouse Design">Lighthouse Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montalvo_Systems" title="Montalvo Systems">Montalvo Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MySQL_AB" title="MySQL AB">MySQL AB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pixo" title="Pixo">Pixo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procom_Technology" title="Procom Technology">Procom Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SavaJe" title="SavaJe">SavaJe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StorageTek" 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