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Kirov Military Medical Academy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-S.M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Structure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Structure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Structure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Support_units" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Support_units"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Support units</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Support_units-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Awards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_alumni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_alumni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notable alumni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_alumni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 10 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-10" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">10 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1._%D0%9C._%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D3%99%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D1%85%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B1%D0%B8-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="С. М. Киров исемендәге хәрби-медицина академияһы – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="С. М. Киров исемендәге хәрби-медицина академияһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milit%C3%A4rmedizinische_Akademie_S._M._Kirow" title="Militärmedizinische Akademie S. M. Kirow – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Militärmedizinische Akademie S. M. Kirow" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirovi-nimeline_S%C3%B5jameditsiini_Akadeemia" title="Kirovi-nimeline Sõjameditsiini Akadeemia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kirovi-nimeline Sõjameditsiini Akadeemia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academia_M%C3%A9dico-Militar_S._M._K%C3%ADrov" title="Academia Médico-Militar S. M. Kírov – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Academia Médico-Militar S. M. Kírov" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S._Kirova_Kara_medic%C4%ABnas_akad%C4%93mija" title="S. Kirova Kara medicīnas akadēmija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="S. Kirova Kara medicīnas akadēmija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wojskowa_Akademia_Medyczna_im._S.M._Kirowa" title="Wojskowa Akademia Medyczna im. S.M. Kirowa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wojskowa Akademia Medyczna im. S.M. Kirowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%A1._%D0%9C._%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Военно-медицинская академия имени С. М. Кирова – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Военно-медицинская академия имени С. М. Кирова" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1.%D0%9C._%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2_%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%8D_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" title="С.М. Киров аатынан Байыаннай мэдиссиинэ академията – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="С.М. Киров аатынан Байыаннай мэдиссиинэ академията" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%A1._%D0%9C._%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Војномедицинска академија С. М. Киров – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Војномедицинска академија С. М. Киров" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F_%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%A1._%D0%9C._%D0%9A%D1%96%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Військово-медична академія імені С. М. Кірова – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Військово-медична академія імені С. М. Кірова" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1459393#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/S._M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname">Военно-медицинская академия имени С. М. Кирова</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Medicina_ars_nobilissima_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Medicina_ars_nobilissima_01.jpg/220px-Medicina_ars_nobilissima_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Medicina_ars_nobilissima_01.jpg/330px-Medicina_ars_nobilissima_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Medicina_ars_nobilissima_01.jpg/440px-Medicina_ars_nobilissima_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="3216" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">Public</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1715<span class="noprint"><br />(309 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1715</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></div><br /><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=S._M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy&params=59.957222_N_30.350833_E_type:edu"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">59°57′26″N</span> <span class="longitude">30°21′03″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">59.957222°N 30.350833°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">59.957222; 30.350833</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vmeda.org">www<wbr />.vmeda<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_emblem_of_the_S.M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Great_emblem_of_the_S.M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy.svg/150px-Great_emblem_of_the_S.M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Great_emblem_of_the_S.M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy.svg/225px-Great_emblem_of_the_S.M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Great_emblem_of_the_S.M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy.svg/300px-Great_emblem_of_the_S.M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="494" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vma_by_Bulla.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Vma_by_Bulla.jpg/220px-Vma_by_Bulla.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Vma_by_Bulla.jpg/330px-Vma_by_Bulla.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Vma_by_Bulla.jpg/440px-Vma_by_Bulla.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="975" /></a><figcaption>The Imperial Military Medical Academy in 1914 (as photographed by <a href="/wiki/Karl_Bulla" title="Karl Bulla">Karl Bulla</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Военно-медицинская академия имени С. М. Кирова</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Russian" title="Romanization of Russian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Russian-language romanization"><i lang="ru-Latn">Voyenno-meditsinskaya akademiya imeni S. M. Kirova</i></span>) is a <a href="/wiki/Higher_education_institution" class="mw-redirect" title="Higher education institution">higher education institution</a> of <a href="/wiki/Military_medicine" title="Military medicine">military medicine</a> in <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Federation">Russian Federation</a>. Senior medical staff are trained for the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Russian Armed Forces</a> and conduct research in military medical services. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S._M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origins">Origins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S._M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The origins of the academy go back to the years of <a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Great" title="Peter the Great">Peter the Great</a>. In 1715, by the Tsar's order the Admiralty Hospital in the <a href="/wiki/Vyborg" title="Vyborg">Vyborg</a> Side of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a> was founded. In 1717 next to in the Land Military Hospital was opened. Since 1773 surgical schools attached to both hospitals were operating. In 1786, those schools were consolidated into the Main Medical College. It became the principal training center for army and fleet physicians.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Imperial_Medical_and_Surgical_Academy">Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S._M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Wylie_by_Zichi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/James_Wylie_by_Zichi.jpg/140px-James_Wylie_by_Zichi.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/James_Wylie_by_Zichi.jpg/210px-James_Wylie_by_Zichi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/James_Wylie_by_Zichi.jpg/280px-James_Wylie_by_Zichi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="860" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sir_James_Wylie,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir James Wylie, 1st Baronet">Sir James Wylie Bt</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Unofficially, the year 1714 is considered the foundation year of the academy. The Medical and Surgical Academy was established by the order of <a href="/wiki/Paul_I_of_Russia" title="Paul I of Russia">Emperor Paul I</a> of 18/29 December 1798 on the initiative of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baron_Alexei_Vasilyev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baron Alexei Vasilyev (page does not exist)">Baron Alexei Vasilyev</a> (<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2,_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87" class="extiw" title="ru:Васильев, Алексей Иванович">ru</a>), General Director of the Medical College. It was decorated with a set of panel paintings by <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Bernasconi" title="Giuseppe Bernasconi">Giuseppe Bernasconi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It was known as the Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy from 1808. According to the order of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_I_of_Russia" title="Alexander I of Russia">Emperor Alexander I</a>, a member of the Medical and Surgical Academy had the rights, liabilities, and benefits of a member of the Academy of Sciences. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PGRS_2_071_Pirogov_-_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/PGRS_2_071_Pirogov_-_crop.jpg/140px-PGRS_2_071_Pirogov_-_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/PGRS_2_071_Pirogov_-_crop.jpg/210px-PGRS_2_071_Pirogov_-_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/PGRS_2_071_Pirogov_-_crop.jpg/280px-PGRS_2_071_Pirogov_-_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2083" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Pirogov" title="Nikolay Pirogov">Nikolay Pirogov</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Sir_James_Wylie,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir James Wylie, 1st Baronet">Sir James Wylie</a>, a Scottish <a href="/wiki/Baronet" title="Baronet">baronet</a>, managed the academy between 1808 and 1838. His contributions have been commemorated with a monument which stood in front of the academy until the <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October Revolution</a>. It was later relocated and replaced with a statue of <a href="/wiki/Hygieia" title="Hygieia">Hygieia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Imperial_Military_Medical_Academy">Imperial Military Medical Academy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S._M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Imperial Military Medical Academy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Repin_SechenovIM.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Repin_SechenovIM.jpg/140px-Repin_SechenovIM.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Repin_SechenovIM.jpg/210px-Repin_SechenovIM.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Repin_SechenovIM.jpg/280px-Repin_SechenovIM.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1557" data-file-height="2003" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Sechenov" title="Ivan Sechenov">Ivan Sechenov</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1881, the academy's official name was changed into the Imperial Military Medical Academy. <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Romanovich_Tarkhanov" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Romanovich Tarkhanov">Ivan Romanovich Tarkhanov</a> conducted some experiments there. In 1890–1901, the academy's president was <a href="/wiki/Viktor_Pashutin" title="Viktor Pashutin">Viktor Pashutin</a>, one of the founders of the <a href="/wiki/Pathophysiology" title="Pathophysiology">pathophysiologic</a> school in <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> and of pathophysiology as an independent scientific discipline. The Nobel-prize winning physiologist <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Pavlov" title="Ivan Pavlov">Ivan Pavlov</a> graduated from the academy in 1879. Since 1895 he headed Department of Physiology at the academy for three decades. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ivan_Pavlov_NLM3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Ivan_Pavlov_NLM3.jpg/140px-Ivan_Pavlov_NLM3.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Ivan_Pavlov_NLM3.jpg/210px-Ivan_Pavlov_NLM3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Ivan_Pavlov_NLM3.jpg/280px-Ivan_Pavlov_NLM3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1135" data-file-height="1599" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Pavlov" title="Ivan Pavlov">Ivan Pavlov</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1904–1924, <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Kravkov" title="Nikolai Kravkov">Nikolai Kravkov</a>, the founder of Russian national school of pharmacologists, headed the academy's Department of Pharmacology. In 1903–1936, one of the academy's professors was <a href="/wiki/Sergei_Fyodorov_(surgeon)" title="Sergei Fyodorov (surgeon)">Sergey Fedorov</a>. </p><p>The academy was also among the pioneers of medical <a href="/wiki/Education_for_women" class="mw-redirect" title="Education for women">education for women</a>, launching the courses for nurse-midwives in 1872.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Nadezhda_Suslova" title="Nadezhda Suslova">Nadezhda Suslova</a>, the first female physician in Russia, attended Sechenov's classes at the academy. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="S.M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy">S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S._M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After <a href="/wiki/Sergey_Kirov" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergey Kirov">Sergey Kirov</a>'s assassination in 1934, the academy received his name. <a href="/wiki/Leon_Orbeli" title="Leon Orbeli">Leon Orbeli</a>, one of Pavlov's disciples, led the academy in 1943–1950. In 1956, S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy was united with the Naval Medical Academy established on the basis of Obukhovskaya Hospital and the Third Leningrad Medical Institute in 1940. The academy had six faculties, 61 departments, 30 clinics, 16 research laboratories, and two research centres in 2002. </p><p> Late in 2011, minister of defense <a href="/wiki/Anatoliy_Serdyukov" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatoliy Serdyukov">Anatoliy Serdyukov</a> declared his intention to move the academy from the centre of Saint Petersburg to one of its suburbs. This decision was overturned after Serdyukov had been sacked.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Russian_Medical_Military_Academy_in_SPB.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Russian_Medical_Military_Academy_in_SPB.jpg/300px-Russian_Medical_Military_Academy_in_SPB.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Russian_Medical_Military_Academy_in_SPB.jpg/450px-Russian_Medical_Military_Academy_in_SPB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Russian_Medical_Military_Academy_in_SPB.jpg/600px-Russian_Medical_Military_Academy_in_SPB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>The campus on the bank of the <a href="/wiki/Neva_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Neva River">Neva River</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Graduates are commissioned as officers with medical doctor credentials. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S._M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The academy has the following faculties: </p> <ul><li>Faculty of Management</li> <li>Faculty of Training of Doctors (for the <a href="/wiki/Strategic_Missile_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Strategic Missile Forces">Strategic Missile Forces</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russian_Ground_Forces" title="Russian Ground Forces">Russian Ground Forces</a>)</li> <li>Faculty of Physician Training (for <a href="/wiki/Russian_Aerospace_Forces" title="Russian Aerospace Forces">Russian Aerospace Forces</a>)</li> <li>Faculty of Physician Training (for the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Navy" title="Russian Navy">Russian Navy</a>)</li> <li>Faculty of the Training of Foreign Doctors</li> <li>Faculty of Training of Professional Doctors</li> <li>Faculty of Training for Civilian Specialists</li> <li>Faculty of Secondary Vocational Education</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VMEDA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/VMEDA.svg/220px-VMEDA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/VMEDA.svg/330px-VMEDA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/VMEDA.svg/440px-VMEDA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="760" /></a><figcaption>The shoulder patch of the academy.</figcaption></figure> <p>The educational bases of the branch are: </p> <ul><li>Educational and laboratory building</li> <li>Main Military Clinical Hospital named after N. N. Burdenko</li> <li>Branch of the hospital</li> <li>3rd Central Exhibition Hall <ul><li>Branch No. 1</li> <li>Branch No. 2</li> <li>Branch No. 6</li></ul></li> <li>2nd Central Military Hospital named after P. Mandryka</li> <li>Treatment and Rehabilitation Clinical Center</li> <li>9th Diagnostic and Treatment Center</li> <li>Moscow Regional Ambulance Station</li></ul> <p>Since 1 September 2015, it has been working as a branch of the Institute for the Advancement of Doctors of the Ministry of Defense. 63 departments (28 military, 35 civilian), of which 31 are clinical, 17 are surgical, and 14 are therapeutic. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Support_units">Support units</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S._M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Support units"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are three support units </p> <ul><li>Base – The academy's clinical base has a staff capacity of 2,616 beds and is represented by 16 surgical clinics (including 7 general and 9 specialized clinics).</li> <li>Editorial office – Since November 4, 1958, the academy has been publishing the large-circulation newspaper Military Doctor, since 1999 the quarterly journal Vestnik of the Russian Military Medical Academy, and since 2016, Izvestia of the Russian Military Medical Academy.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_military_bands" title="Russian military bands">Military Band</a> – The band of the Military Medical Academy is the official marching band of the academy. The band took part in many celebrations held by the administrations of the city of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Oblast. In the Soviet era, the band won multiple prizes during the All-Union Competition. It is an annual participant in the <a href="/wiki/Victory_Day_Parade" class="mw-redirect" title="Victory Day Parade">Victory Day Parade</a> on 9 May, a parade in honor of the lifting of the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Leningrad" title="Siege of Leningrad">Siege of Leningrad</a>, as well as the celebrations of the Day of the city, <a href="/wiki/Paratroopers%27_Day" title="Paratroopers' Day">Paratroopers' Day</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Nevsky" title="Alexander Nevsky">Alexander Nevsky</a> Day. Musicians of the band have notably participated in the filming of historical films and military-historical reconstructions.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, the band, led by conductor Lieutenant Cololonel Mikhail Nikolaev, participated in the <a href="/wiki/Spasskaya_Tower_Military_Music_Festival_and_Tattoo" title="Spasskaya Tower Military Music Festival and Tattoo">Spasskaya Tower Military Music Festival and Tattoo</a> on <a href="/wiki/Red_Square" title="Red Square">Red Square</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>In 2016, 11 territorial retraining and advanced training courses for paramedical personnel were opened in <a href="/wiki/Vladivostok" title="Vladivostok">Vladivostok</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chita,_Zabaykalsky_Krai" title="Chita, Zabaykalsky Krai">Chita</a>, <a href="/wiki/Novosibirsk" title="Novosibirsk">Novosibirsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yekaterinburg" title="Yekaterinburg">Yekaterinburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samara" title="Samara">Samara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad">Kaliningrad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Severomorsk" title="Severomorsk">Severomorsk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Podolsk" title="Podolsk">Podolsk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S._M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Awards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Lenin" title="Order of Lenin">Order of Lenin</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Red_Banner" title="Order of the Red Banner">Order of the Red Banner</a> (1968)</li> <li>Battle Order "For Merit to the People and the Fatherland" (<a href="/wiki/German_Democratic_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="German Democratic Republic">German Democratic Republic</a>) (1974)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Red_Banner_(Mongolia)" title="Order of the Red Banner (Mongolia)">Order of the Red Banner</a> (<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Mongolia" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of Mongolia">People's Republic of Mongolia</a>) (1978)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit_of_the_Republic_of_Poland" title="Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland">Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland</a> (<a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Republic" title="Polish People's Republic">Polish People's Republic</a>) (1986)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Exploit_Order" title="Military Exploit Order">Military Exploit Order</a> (<a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>) (1988)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Order "Friendship of Peoples" 1st degree (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Afghanistan" title="Democratic Republic of Afghanistan">Democratic Republic of Afghanistan</a>) (1989)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Order of <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Maceo_Grajales" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonio Maceo Grajales">Antonio Maceo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>) (1992)<sup id="cite_ref-:0_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_alumni">Notable alumni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S._M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notable alumni"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:S.M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy_alumni" title="Category:S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy alumni">Category:S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy alumni</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Anichkov" title="Nikolay Anichkov">Nikolay Anichkov</a> (1885–1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Babkin" title="Boris Babkin">Boris Babkin</a> (1877–1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Bekhterev" title="Vladimir Bekhterev">Vladimir Bekhterev</a> (1857–1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Borovsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Borovsky">Peter Borovsky</a> (1863–1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Botkin" title="Eugene Botkin">Eugene Botkin</a> (1865–1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexey_Bystrow" title="Alexey Bystrow">Alexey Bystrow</a> (1899–1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Cybulski" title="Napoleon Cybulski">Napoleon Cybulski</a> (1854–1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Gamaleya" title="Nikolay Gamaleya">Nikolay Gamaleya</a> (1859–1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilya_Gruzinov" title="Ilya Gruzinov">Ilya Gruzinov</a> (1781–1813)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dianin" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Dianin">Alexander Dianin</a> (1851–1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dubrovin" title="Alexander Dubrovin">Alexander Dubrovin</a> (1855–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Karvasarsky" title="Boris Karvasarsky">Boris Karvasarsky</a> (1931–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Kotov" title="Oleg Kotov">Oleg Kotov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Kravkov" title="Nikolai Kravkov">Nikolai Kravkov</a> (1865–1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Kravkov" title="Vasily Kravkov">Vasily Kravkov</a> (1859–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Kulbin" title="Nikolai Kulbin">Nikolai Kulbin</a> (1868–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Kurochkin" title="Nikolai Kurochkin">Nikolai Kurochkin</a> (1830–1884)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Lesgaft" title="Peter Lesgaft">Peter Lesgaft</a> (1837–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artur_Lossmann" title="Artur Lossmann">Artur Lossmann</a> (1877–1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_A._Maximow" title="Alexander A. Maximow">Alexander Maximow</a> (1874–1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamia_Orakhelashvili" title="Mamia Orakhelashvili">Mamia Orakhelashvili</a> (1881–1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Orbeli" title="Leon Orbeli">Leon Orbeli</a> (1882–1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Pashutin" title="Viktor Pashutin">Viktor Pashutin</a> (1845–1901)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Pavlovsky" title="Yevgeny Pavlovsky">Yevgeny Pavlovsky</a> (1884–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Protopopov" class="mw-redirect" title="Victor Protopopov">Victor Protopopov</a> (1880–1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_Senkevich" title="Yuri Senkevich">Yuri Senkevich</a> (1937–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_von_Steven" title="Christian von Steven">Christian von Steven</a> (1781–1863)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauls_Stradi%C5%86%C5%A1" title="Pauls Stradiņš">Pauls Stradiņš</a> (1896–1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Romanovich_Tarkhanov" class="mw-redirect" title="Ivan Romanovich Tarkhanov">Ivan Tarkhanov</a> (1846–1908)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Tolubeyev" title="Andrei Tolubeyev">Andrei Tolubeyev</a> (1945–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Pavlovich_Vinogradov" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexander Pavlovich Vinogradov">Alexander Vinogradov</a> (1895–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasily_Vorontsov" title="Vasily Vorontsov">Vasily Vorontsov</a> (1847–1918)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konrad_Wagner" title="Konrad Wagner">Konrad Wagner</a> (1862–1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakub_Wygodzki" title="Jakub Wygodzki">Jakub Wygodzki</a> (1856–1941)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S._M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Museum_of_Military_Medicine" title="Russian Museum of Military Medicine">Russian Museum of Military Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_academies_in_Russia" title="Military academies in Russia">Military academies in Russia</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=S._M._Kirov_Military_Medical_Academy&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151024070739/http://www.vmeda-mil.ru/istoria_akadem.html">"Историческая справка об Академии"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%B9+%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B3%D1%83+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB+%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B4+%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.date=2012-11-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rg.ru%2F2012%2F11%2F13%2Fakademia-site.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AS.+M.+Kirov+Military+Medical+Academy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vmedork.org/?page_id=17">"Об оркестре — Военный оркестр Военно-медицинской академии им. С. М. Кирова"</a>. March 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9E%D0%B1+%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5+%E2%80%94+%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80+%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%B8%D0%BC.+%D0%A1.+%D0%9C.+%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0&rft.date=2020-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvmedork.org%2F%3Fpage_id%3D17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AS.+M.+Kirov+Military+Medical+Academy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vmeda.org/orkestr-voenno-medicinskoj-akademii-luchshij-v-vooruzhennyx-silax-rossijskoj-federacii/">"Оркестр Военно-медицинской академии лучший в Вооруженных силах Российской Федерации"</a>. 4 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80+%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE-%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B9+%D0%B2+%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft.date=2019-09-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vmeda.org%2Forkestr-voenno-medicinskoj-akademii-luchshij-v-vooruzhennyx-silax-rossijskoj-federacii%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AS.+M.+Kirov+Military+Medical+Academy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://function.mil.ru/news_page/country/more.htm?id=12101562@egNews">"11 региональных курсов подготовки среднего медперсонала для Российской Армии открылось в 2016 году"</a>. Министерство обороны Российской Федерации<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-03-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=11+%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0+%D0%B4%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%90%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%B2+2016+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%83&rft.pub=%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8B+%D0%A0%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffunction.mil.ru%2Fnews_page%2Fcountry%2Fmore.htm%3Fid%3D12101562%40egNews&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AS.+M.+Kirov+Military+Medical+Academy" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Учебная и научная база Военно-медицинской академии: сборник</i>. 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