CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="fr" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Nayavada — Wikipédia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )frwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","janvier","février","mars","avril","mai","juin","juillet","août","septembre","octobre","novembre","décembre"],"wgRequestId":"8e86ee20-f728-44bf-9721-8cb40d6973fc","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Nayavada","wgTitle":"Nayavada","wgCurRevisionId":210204170,"wgRevisionId":210204170,"wgArticleId":7739237,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Portail:Monde indien/Articles liés","Portail:Asie/Articles liés","Portail:Jaïnisme/Articles liés","Portail:Religions et croyances/Articles liés","Jaïnisme"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"fr","wgPageContentLanguage":"fr","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Nayavada","wgRelevantArticleId":7739237,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia", "wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"fr","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"fr"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":3000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q16666222","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready", "user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","site","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ArchiveLinks","ext.gadget.Wdsearch","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints", "ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=fr&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Nayavada — Wikipédia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//fr.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nayavada"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Modifier" href="/w/index.php?title=Nayavada&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipédia (fr)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//fr.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nayavada"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Flux Atom de Wikipédia" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Modifications_r%C3%A9centes&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Nayavada rootpage-Nayavada skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Aller au contenu</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu principal" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Menu principal</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu principal</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal" title="Accueil général [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Accueil</span></a></li><li id="n-thema" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Accueil"><span>Portails thématiques</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Page_au_hasard" title="Affiche un article au hasard [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Article au hasard</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Contact"><span>Contact</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Contribuer" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Contribuer" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribuer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutwp" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:D%C3%A9buter"><span>Débuter sur Wikipédia</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Accueil" title="Accès à l’aide"><span>Aide</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_de_la_communaut%C3%A9" title="À propos du projet, ce que vous pouvez faire, où trouver les informations"><span>Communauté</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Modifications_r%C3%A9centes" title="Liste des modifications récentes sur le wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Modifications récentes</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Accueil_principal" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipédia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-fr.svg" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="l'encyclopédie libre" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-fr.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Recherche" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Rechercher</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" aria-label="Rechercher sur Wikipédia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Rechercher sur Wikipédia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spécial:Recherche"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Rechercher</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Outils personnels"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Modifier l'apparence de la taille, de la largeur et de la couleur de la police de la page" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Apparence" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Apparence</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_fr.wikipedia.org&uselang=fr" class=""><span>Faire un don</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Cr%C3%A9er_un_compte&returnto=Nayavada" title="Nous vous encourageons à créer un compte utilisateur et vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire." class=""><span>Créer un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=Nayavada" title="Nous vous encourageons à vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Se connecter</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Plus d’options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils personnels" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils personnels</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu utilisateur" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_fr.wikipedia.org&uselang=fr"><span>Faire un don</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Cr%C3%A9er_un_compte&returnto=Nayavada" title="Nous vous encourageons à créer un compte utilisateur et vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Créer un compte</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Connexion&returnto=Nayavada" title="Nous vous encourageons à vous connecter ; ce n’est cependant pas obligatoire. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Se connecter</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages pour les contributeurs déconnectés <a href="/wiki/Aide:Premiers_pas" aria-label="En savoir plus sur la contribution"><span>en savoir plus</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Mes_contributions" title="Une liste des modifications effectuées depuis cette adresse IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Mes_discussions" title="La page de discussion pour les contributions depuis cette adresse IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sommaire" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sommaire</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Début</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nayavada</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 1 langue." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-1" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">1 langue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nayavada" title="Nayavada – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nayavada" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q16666222#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifier les liens interlangues" class="wbc-editpage">Modifier les liens</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaces de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nayavada" title="Voir le contenu de la page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussion:Nayavada&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion au sujet de cette page de contenu (page inexistante) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Modifier la variante de langue" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">français</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Affichages"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nayavada"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayavada&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayavada&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayavada&action=history" title="Historique des versions de cette page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Outils" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Outils</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Outils</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">masquer</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Plus d’options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nayavada"><span>Lire</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayavada&veaction=edit" title="Modifier cette page [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Modifier</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayavada&action=edit" title="Modifier le wikicode de cette page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifier le code</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayavada&action=history"><span>Voir l’historique</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Général </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_li%C3%A9es/Nayavada" title="Liste des pages liées qui pointent sur celle-ci [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Suivi_des_liens/Nayavada" rel="nofollow" title="Liste des modifications récentes des pages appelées par celle-ci [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Suivi des pages liées</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Importer_un_fichier" title="Téléverser des fichiers [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Téléverser un fichier</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Pages_sp%C3%A9ciales" title="Liste de toutes les pages spéciales [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Pages spéciales</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayavada&oldid=210204170" title="Adresse permanente de cette version de cette page"><span>Lien permanent</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayavada&action=info" title="Davantage d’informations sur cette page"><span>Informations sur la page</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer&page=Nayavada&id=210204170&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informations sur la manière de citer cette page"><span>Citer cette page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNayavada"><span>Obtenir l'URL raccourcie</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNayavada"><span>Télécharger le code QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimer / exporter </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:Livre&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Nayavada"><span>Créer un livre</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sp%C3%A9cial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Nayavada&action=show-download-screen"><span>Télécharger comme PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayavada&printable=yes" title="Version imprimable de cette page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Version imprimable</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dans d’autres projets </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q16666222" title="Lien vers l’élément dans le dépôt de données connecté [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Élément Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Outils de la page"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Apparence"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Apparence</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">déplacer vers la barre latérale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">masquer</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><p>Pour le <a href="/wiki/Ja%C3%AFnisme" title="Jaïnisme">jaïnisme</a>, la réalité est multiple suivant le point de vue d'où la pensée se place, par exemple du Moyen Âge ou des temps modernes, le problème pour l'humanité de la famine n'est pas la même. Cette doctrine philosophique de la réalité multiple se nomme : <b>Nayavada</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Un point de vue particulier est connu sous le nom de <i>naya</i>. Le jaïnisme considère que la <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9alit%C3%A9" title="Réalité">réalité</a> est un complexe, non seulement en ce sens qu'elle constitue une pluralité (<i>aneka</i>), mais encore du fait qu'elle est l'objet de points de vue multiples (<i>anekânta</i>) : c'est pourquoi il estime que la réalité peut être perçue sous des angles différents, et donc, appréhendée sous certaines réserves. </p><p>Comme le <i>naya</i> est le moyen capable de constater vraiment une des caractéristiques d'un objet (sans contradiction), d'un point de vue particulier, les philosophes jaïns ont défini sept <i>naya</i>, qui sont : </p> <ul><li>le point de vue personnel d'un individu : naigama,</li></ul> <ul><li>le point de vue du commun : samgraha,</li></ul> <ul><li>le point de vue pratique : vyavahāra,</li></ul> <ul><li>le point de vue momentané : rjusutra,</li></ul> <ul><li>le point de vue par les mots : shabda,</li></ul> <ul><li>le point de vue étymologique : samabhirudha, proche du point de vue précédent, et</li></ul> <ul><li>le point de vue lié au temps présent : evambhuta.</li></ul> <p>Par exemple : quand on décrit divers ornements en or, du point de vue des modifications de l'<a href="/wiki/Or" title="Or">or</a>, on parle du point de vue modal (<i>paryâra-naya</i>). Quand les ornements en or sont décrits du point de vue de sa <a href="/wiki/Substance" class="mw-disambig" title="Substance">substance</a>, c'est-à-dire de l'or et de ses différentes <a href="/wiki/Essence_(philosophie)" title="Essence (philosophie)">qualités</a>, on parle du point de vue substantiel (<i>dravya-naya</i>). </p><p>On peut aussi parler du point de vue pratique ou du point de vue réaliste, notamment dans les discussions spirituelles. Quand il s'agit du point de vue pratique, ou de bon sens, on parle de <i>vyavahāra-naya</i>, alors que, lorsqu'il s'agit du point de vue pur, ou réaliste, on parle de <i>nishchaya-naya</i>. </p><p>Cette doctrine de l'appréhension partielle de la réalité constitue une mise en garde à l'encontre de ceux qui affirment que leur système est unique et qu'il permet de tout comprendre : elle ouvre la voie de la réconciliation des points de vue opposés et de leur harmonisation, en prenant en compte la relativité des différents aspects de la réalité. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayavada&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nayavada&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><i>The A to Z of Jainism</i> de Kristi L. Wiley édité par Vision Books, page 155, <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/8170946816" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/8170946816"><span class="nowrap">8170946816</span></a>)</small></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-container" style="clear:both;"> <table class="navbox collapsible noprint autocollapse" style=""> <tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#FFDE90;"><div style="float:left; width:6em; text-align:left"><div class="noprint plainlinks nowrap tnavbar" style="padding:0; font-size:xx-small; color:var(--color-emphasized, #000000);"><a href="/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Ja%C3%AFnisme" title="Modèle:Palette Jaïnisme"><abbr class="abbr" title="Voir ce modèle.">v</abbr></a> · <a class="external text" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mod%C3%A8le:Palette_Ja%C3%AFnisme&action=edit"><abbr class="abbr" title="Modifier ce modèle. Merci de prévisualiser avant de sauvegarder.">m</abbr></a></div></div><div style="font-size:110%"><a href="/wiki/Ja%C3%AFnisme" title="Jaïnisme">Jaïnisme</a></div></th> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-banner" style="background:#FFDE90;" colspan="3"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Portail:Ja%C3%AFnisme" title="Portail:Jaïnisme">Portail</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Ja%C3%AFnisme" title="Catégorie:Jaïnisme">Categories</a></b></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFA500;"><a href="/wiki/T%C3%AErthankara" title="Tîrthankara">Tîrthankaras</a> :<br />les Maîtres éveillés</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rishabhanatha" title="Rishabhanatha">Adinath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajitnath" title="Ajitnath">Ajitnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambhavanath" title="Sambhavanath">Sambhavanath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abhinandannath" title="Abhinandannath">Abhinandannath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumatinath" title="Sumatinath">Sumatinath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padmaprabha" title="Padmaprabha">Padmaprabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suparshvanath" title="Suparshvanath">Suparshvanath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandraprabha" title="Chandraprabha">Chandraprabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushpadanta" title="Pushpadanta">Pushpadanta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shitalnath" title="Shitalnath">Shitalnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shreyansanath" title="Shreyansanath">Shreyansanath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasupujya" title="Vasupujya">Vasupujya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vimalnath" title="Vimalnath">Vimalnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anantnath" title="Anantnath">Anantnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharmanath" title="Dharmanath">Dharmanath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantinath" title="Shantinath">Shantinath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunthunath" title="Kunthunath">Kunthunath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aranath" title="Aranath">Aranath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallinath" title="Mallinath">Mallinath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munisuvrata" title="Munisuvrata">Munisuvrata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naminatha" title="Naminatha">Naminatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neminath" title="Neminath">Neminath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parshvanatha" title="Parshvanatha">Parshvanatha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mah%C4%81v%C4%ABra" title="Mahāvīra">Mahāvīra</a></li></ul> </div></td> <td class="navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="vertical-align:middle;padding-left:7px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Jain.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Jain.gif/80px-Jain.gif" decoding="async" width="80" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Jain.gif/120px-Jain.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Jain.gif/160px-Jain.gif 2x" data-file-width="707" data-file-height="1212" /></a></span></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFA500;">Philosophie</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anekantavada" title="Anekantavada">Anekantavada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aparigraha" title="Aparigraha">Aparigraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmacharya" title="Brahmacharya">Brahmacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satya" title="Satya">Satya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syadvada" title="Syadvada">Syadvada</a></li> <li>La <a href="/wiki/Cosmographie_ja%C3%AFne" title="Cosmographie jaïne">Cosmographie jaïne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahimsa" title="Ahimsa">Ahimsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karma" title="Karma">Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharma" title="Dharma">Dharma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunasthana" title="Gunasthana">Gunasthana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nirvana_(monde_indien)" title="Nirvana (monde indien)">Nirvana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kevala_Jnana" title="Kevala Jnana">Kevala Jnana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Moksha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dravya" title="Dravya">Dravya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattva" title="Tattva">Tattva</a></li> <li>Les <a href="/wiki/Trois_Joyaux" title="Trois Joyaux">Trois Joyaux</a></li> <li>La <a href="/wiki/Mort" title="Mort">mort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%E1%B9%83s%C4%81ra" title="Saṃsāra">Saṃsāra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashaya_(ja%C3%AFnisme)" title="Kashaya (jaïnisme)">Kashaya</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFA500;">Branches</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sectes_Digambara" title="Sectes Digambara">Digambara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shvetambara" title="Shvetambara">Shvetambara</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFA500;">Pratiques</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ja%C3%AFnisme#Cinq_Grands_Vœux_du_jaïnisme_:_les_Mahavratas" title="Jaïnisme">Mahavrata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anuvratas" title="Anuvratas">Anuvratas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santhara" title="Santhara">Santhara</a></li> <li>La <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9ditation_ja%C3%AFne" title="Méditation jaïne">méditation</a></li> <li>La <a href="/wiki/Vie_monacale" title="Vie monacale">vie monacale</a></li> <li>Le <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9g%C3%A9tarisme_ja%C3%AFn" title="Végétarisme jaïn">végétarisme jaïn</a></li> <li>Le <a href="/wiki/Je%C3%BBne" title="Jeûne">jeûne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rites_et_f%C3%AAtes_dans_le_ja%C3%AFnisme" title="Rites et fêtes dans le jaïnisme">Rites et fêtes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upadhan" title="Upadhan">Upadhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_(sanskrit)" title="Tapas (sanskrit)">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namaskara_Mantra" title="Namaskara Mantra">Namaskara Mantra</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFA500;">Personnalités</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><table class="navbox-subgroup" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEEEEE;">Antiquité</th> <td class="navbox-list" style="background:#FFFFFF; text-align:left;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ganadhara" title="Ganadhara">Ganadhara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indrabhuti_Gautama" title="Indrabhuti Gautama">Swami Gautama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Sudharma" title="Swami Sudharma">Swami Sudharma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadrabahu" title="Bhadrabahu">Acharya Bhadrabahu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sthulabhadra" title="Sthulabhadra">Sthulabhadra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umasvati" title="Umasvati">Umasvati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundakunda" title="Kundakunda">Kundakunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddhasena_Divakara" title="Siddhasena Divakara">Siddhasena Divakara</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEEEEE;">Moyen Âge</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="background:#FFFFFF; text-align:left;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haribhadra" title="Haribhadra">Haribhadra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acharya_Hemachandra" title="Acharya Hemachandra">Acharya Hemachandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yashovijaya" title="Yashovijaya">Yashovijaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandit_Todarmal" title="Pandit Todarmal">Pandit Todarmal</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background:#EEEEEE;">Époque contemporaine</th> <td class="navbox-list" style="background:#FFFFFF; text-align:left;;"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jambuvijaya" title="Jambuvijaya">Jambuvijaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swami_Kanji" title="Swami Kanji">Swami Kanji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acharya_Mahaprajna" title="Acharya Mahaprajna">Acharya Mahaprajna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudia_Pastorino" title="Claudia Pastorino">Claudia Pastorino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrimad_Rajchandra" title="Shrimad Rajchandra">Shrimad Rajchandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajendrasuri" title="Rajendrasuri">Rajendrasuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acharya_Tulsi" title="Acharya Tulsi">Acharya Tulsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayanandsuri" title="Vijayanandsuri">Vijayanandsuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vallabhsuri" title="Vallabhsuri">Vallabhsuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acharya_Vidyasagar" title="Acharya Vidyasagar">Acharya Vidyasagar</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> </tbody></table></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFA500;">Textes</th> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"><a href="/wiki/Agama_(sanskrit)" title="Agama (sanskrit)">Agamas</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Purvas" title="Purvas">Purvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anga_(sanskrit)" title="Anga (sanskrit)">Angas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angabahya" title="Angabahya">Angabahya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upangas" title="Upangas">Upangas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheda_Sutra" title="Cheda Sutra">Cheda Sutra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mula_Sutra" title="Mula Sutra">Mula Sutra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agama_(sanskrit)" title="Agama (sanskrit)">Prakirnaka Sutra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chulika_Sutra" title="Chulika Sutra">Chulika Sutra</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="liste-horizontale"><a href="/wiki/Anuyoga" title="Anuyoga">Anuyoga</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prathamanuyoga" title="Prathamanuyoga">Prathamanuyoga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalpa_Sutra" title="Kalpa Sutra">Kalpa Sutra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81la%E1%B9%ADiy%C4%81r" title="Nālaṭiyār">Nālaṭiyār</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tattvartha_Sutra" title="Tattvartha Sutra">Tattvartha Sutra</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <th class="navbox-group" style="background:#FFA500;">Symboles</th> <td class="navbox-list" style=""><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drapeau_ja%C3%AFn" title="Drapeau jaïn">Drapeau jaïn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rites_et_f%C3%AAtes_dans_le_ja%C3%AFnisme" title="Rites et fêtes dans le jaïnisme">Calendrier jaïn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddhachakra" title="Siddhachakra">Siddhachakra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navadevata" title="Navadevata">Navadevata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Om%CC%90" title="Om̐">Om̐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arbre_d%27Ashoka_(ja%C3%AFnisme)" title="Arbre d'Ashoka (jaïnisme)">Arbre d'Ashoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siddhashila" title="Siddhashila">Siddhashila</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="liste-horizontale"><a href="/wiki/Ashtamangala" title="Ashtamangala">Ashtamangala</a> : <ul><li>pour les <a href="/wiki/Shvetambara" title="Shvetambara">shvetambaras</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Svastika" title="Svastika">svastika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrivatsa" title="Shrivatsa">shrivatsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darpana" title="Darpana">darpana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalasha_(Inde)" title="Kalasha (Inde)">kalasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandvarta" title="Nandvarta">nandvarta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadrasana" title="Bhadrasana">bhadrasana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vardhamanaka" title="Vardhamanaka">vardhamanaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsyayugma" title="Matsyayugma">matsyayugma</a></li></ul></li> <li>pour les <a href="/wiki/Sectes_Digambara" title="Sectes Digambara">digambaras</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhringara" title="Bhringara">bhringara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamara" title="Chamara">chamara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhvaja" title="Dhvaja">dhvaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyajana" title="Vyajana">vyajana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatra" title="Chatra">chatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supratistha" title="Supratistha">supratistha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalasha_(Inde)" title="Kalasha (Inde)">kalasha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darpana" title="Darpana">darpana</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-banner" style="background:#FFDE90;" colspan="3"><div class="liste-horizontale"> <ul><li><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Jainism" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Jainism">Commons</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikiquote.org/wiki/Ja%C3%AFnisme" class="extiw" title="q:Jaïnisme">Wikiquote</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Monde_indien" title="Portail du monde indien"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Indian_world_contour.svg/25px-Indian_world_contour.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Indian_world_contour.svg/37px-Indian_world_contour.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Indian_world_contour.svg/50px-Indian_world_contour.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="290" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Monde_indien" title="Portail:Monde indien">Portail du monde indien</a></span> </span></li> <li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Ja%C3%AFnisme" title="Portail du jaïnisme"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/In-jain.svg/36px-In-jain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/In-jain.svg/54px-In-jain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/In-jain.svg/72px-In-jain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="326" data-file-height="217" /></a></span></span> <span class="bandeau-portail-texte"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Ja%C3%AFnisme" title="Portail:Jaïnisme">Portail du jaïnisme</a></span> </span></li> </ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Ce document provient de « <a dir="ltr" href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nayavada&oldid=210204170">https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nayavada&oldid=210204170</a> ».</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Accueil" title="Catégorie:Accueil">Catégorie</a> : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Ja%C3%AFnisme" title="Catégorie:Jaïnisme">Jaïnisme</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Catégories cachées : <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Monde_indien/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Monde indien/Articles liés">Portail:Monde indien/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Asie/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Asie/Articles liés">Portail:Asie/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Ja%C3%AFnisme/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Jaïnisme/Articles liés">Portail:Jaïnisme/Articles liés</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Cat%C3%A9gorie:Portail:Religions_et_croyances/Articles_li%C3%A9s" title="Catégorie:Portail:Religions et croyances/Articles liés">Portail:Religions et croyances/Articles liés</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 2 décembre 2023 à 18:57.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright"><span style="white-space: normal"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Citation_et_r%C3%A9utilisation_du_contenu_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia" title="Wikipédia:Citation et réutilisation du contenu de Wikipédia">Droit d'auteur</a> : les textes sont disponibles sous <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fr">licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions</a> ; d’autres conditions peuvent s’appliquer. Voyez les <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Terms_of_Use/fr">conditions d’utilisation</a> pour plus de détails, ainsi que les <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Cr%C3%A9dits_graphiques" title="Wikipédia:Crédits graphiques">crédits graphiques</a>. En cas de réutilisation des textes de cette page, voyez <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Citer/Nayavada" title="Spécial:Citer/Nayavada">comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence</a>.<br /> Wikipedia® est une marque déposée de la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, organisation de bienfaisance régie par le paragraphe <a href="/wiki/501c" title="501c">501(c)(3)</a> du code fiscal des États-Unis.</span><br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/fr">Politique de confidentialité</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:%C3%80_propos_de_Wikip%C3%A9dia">À propos de Wikipédia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Avertissements_g%C3%A9n%C3%A9raux">Avertissements</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipédia:Contact">Contact</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code de conduite</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Développeurs</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/fr.wikipedia.org">Statistiques</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Déclaration sur les témoins (cookies)</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//fr.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nayavada&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Version mobile</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-w9d5f","wgBackendResponseTime":150,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.120","walltime":"0.290","ppvisitednodes":{"value":1017,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":48030,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":16308,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":0,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":734,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 244.709 1 -total"," 65.63% 160.606 1 Modèle:Portail"," 48.79% 119.383 1 Modèle:Catégorisation_badges"," 20.94% 51.253 1 Modèle:ISBN"," 12.12% 29.660 1 Modèle:Palette"," 9.38% 22.955 1 Modèle:Palette_Jaïnisme"," 8.18% 20.021 1 Modèle:Suivi_des_biographies"," 8.03% 19.651 1 Modèle:Méta_palette_de_navigation"," 4.25% 10.400 1 Modèle:Portail_Monde_indien"," 2.58% 6.309 2 Modèle:Méta_lien_vers_portail"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.038","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1558163,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-ext.eqiad.main-5b67b9df47-q67l6","timestamp":"20241126014322","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Nayavada","url":"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nayavada","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q16666222","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q16666222","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributeurs aux projets Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Fondation Wikimedia, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2014-02-04T14:53:25Z","dateModified":"2023-12-02T17:57:41Z"}</script> </body> </html>