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[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Ursprunglig_betydelse" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ursprunglig_betydelse"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Ursprunglig betydelse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ursprunglig_betydelse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Betydelseutveckling_till_enbart_substantiv_i_vissa_språk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Betydelseutveckling_till_enbart_substantiv_i_vissa_språk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Betydelseutveckling till enbart <i>substantiv</i> i vissa språk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Betydelseutveckling_till_enbart_substantiv_i_vissa_språk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Betydelseutveckling_till_substantiv‑lika_ordklasser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Betydelseutveckling_till_substantiv‑lika_ordklasser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Betydelseutveckling till <i>substantiv‑lika ordklasser</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Betydelseutveckling_till_substantiv‑lika_ordklasser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gemensamma_drag_hos_nominala_ordklasser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gemensamma_drag_hos_nominala_ordklasser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gemensamma drag hos nominala ordklasser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gemensamma_drag_hos_nominala_ordklasser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Svenska" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Svenska"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Svenska</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Svenska-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Finska" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Finska"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Finska</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Finska-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anmärkningar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anmärkningar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Anmärkningar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anmärkningar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Referenser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nomen</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 18 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noomin" title="Noomin – enaresamiska" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Noomin" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="enaresamiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%B5_(%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Име (граматика) – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Име (граматика)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomen" title="Nomen – bayerska" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Nomen" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="bayerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jm%C3%A9no_(mluvnice)" title="Jméno (mluvnice) – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jméno (mluvnice)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomen" title="Nomen – nordsamiska" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Nomen" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="nordsamiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomen" title="Nomen – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nomen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4%C3%A4nds%C3%B5na" title="Käändsõna – estniska" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Käändsõna" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%8C%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1_(%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE)" title="Όνομα (γραμματική) – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Όνομα (γραμματική)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominal_(linguistics)" title="Nominal (linguistics) – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Nominal (linguistics)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomo_(gramatiko)" title="Nomo (gramatiko) – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nomo (gramatiko)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallor%C3%B0" title="Fallorð – isländska" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fallorð" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="isländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varda%C5%BEodis" title="Vardažodis – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vardažodis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A9vsz%C3%B3" title="Névszó – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Névszó" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naamwoord" title="Naamwoord – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Naamwoord" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nominal" title="Nominal – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nominal" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomen" title="Nomen – lågtyska" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Nomen" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="lågtyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meno_(slovn%C3%A9_druhy)" title="Meno (slovné druhy) – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Meno (slovné druhy)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomini" title="Nomini – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nomini" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q503992#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nomen" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskussion:Nomen" rel="discussion" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ändra språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">svenska</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visningar"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nomen"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&action=history" title="Tidigare versioner av sidan [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktyg" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktyg</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Fler alternativ" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Åtgärder </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Nomen"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&action=history"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Allmänt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:L%C3%A4nkar_hit/Nomen" title="Lista över alla wikisidor som länkar hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sidor som länkar hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_relaterade_%C3%A4ndringar/Nomen" rel="nofollow" title="Visa senaste ändringarna av sidor som den här sidan länkar till [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterade ändringar</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Specialsidor" title="Lista över alla specialsidor [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Specialsidor</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&oldid=50345173" title="Permanent länk till den här versionen av sidan"><span>Permanent länk</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&action=info" title="Mer information om denna sida"><span>Sidinformation</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citera&page=Nomen&id=50345173&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information om hur den här artikeln kan användas som referens"><span>Använd som referens</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNomen"><span>Hämta förkortad url</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FNomen"><span>Ladda ner QR-kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut/exportera </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Bok&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Nomen"><span>Skapa en bok</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Nomen&action=show-download-screen"><span>Ladda ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvänlig version av den här sidan [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvänlig version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andra projekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q503992" title="Länk till anslutet databasobjekt [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-objekt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dölj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><p><b>Nomen</b> (från <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latin</a> <i>nomen</i>, ”namn”; <a href="/wiki/Plural" class="mw-redirect" title="Plural">plural</a>: <b>nomina</b> eller <b>nomen</b><sup id="cite_ref-SAOB_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAOB-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) är en <a href="/wiki/Terminologi" title="Terminologi">term</a> som i modern <a href="/wiki/Grammatik" title="Grammatik">grammatisk</a> analys används som <a href="/wiki/Hyperonym" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperonym">överordnad term</a> (hyperonym) för flera <a href="/wiki/Ordklass" title="Ordklass">ordklasser</a> med liknande egenskaper. Nomen är då en <a href="/wiki/Synonym" title="Synonym">synonym</a> till <b>nominala ordklasser</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-SAS_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAS-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>I vissa fall kan <i>nomen</i> ha en mer inskränkt betydelse. ”Nomen” och adjektivet ”nominal”<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> har tre betydelser på olika språk och i olika tider: </p> <ol><li>alla <a href="/wiki/Substantiv" title="Substantiv">substantiv</a>‑lika ordklasser</li> <li>substantiv och <a href="/wiki/Adjektiv" title="Adjektiv">adjektiv</a></li> <li>enbart substantiv.</li></ol> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ursprunglig_betydelse">Ursprunglig betydelse</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Ursprunglig betydelse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Ursprunglig betydelse"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Den ursprungliga betydelsen är den andra av de tre ovannämnda: att nomina omfattar substantiv och adjektiv. Bruket att räkna substantiv och adjektiv som nomina går tillbaka till den <a href="/wiki/Antiken" title="Antiken">antika</a> och <a href="/wiki/Medeltiden" title="Medeltiden">medeltida</a> latinska (<a href="/wiki/Klassisk_grekiska" title="Klassisk grekiska">grekiskinfluerade</a>) grammatiktraditionen.<sup id="cite_ref-VS_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VS-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Latinska substantiv och adjektiv har likartad <a href="/wiki/Morfologi_(lingvistik)" title="Morfologi (lingvistik)">böjning</a>. I denna äldre latinskspråkiga tradition indelades nomina i underavdelningar, men underavdelningarna tillhörde samma ordklass. De två underavdelningarna var: </p> <ul><li>nomen substantivum, och</li> <li>nomen adjectivum<sup id="cite_ref-VS_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VS-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>vilket betyder ungefär ”substantiellt nomen” och ”tillagt nomen”. I äldre engelsk grammatik behölls och översattes denna terminologi som ”noun substantive” och ”noun adjective”.<sup id="cite_ref-VS_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VS-4"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Betydelseutveckling_till_enbart_substantiv_i_vissa_språk"><span id="Betydelseutveckling_till_enbart_substantiv_i_vissa_spr.C3.A5k"></span>Betydelseutveckling till enbart <i>substantiv</i> i vissa språk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Betydelseutveckling till enbart substantiv i vissa språk" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Betydelseutveckling till enbart substantiv i vissa språk"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>På 1600‑ och 1700‑talet började grammatiker beskriva substantiv och adjektiv som skilda ordklasser.<sup><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduktion_till_k%C3%A4llh%C3%A4nvisningar" title="Wikipedia:Introduktion till källhänvisningar">[<span title="Denna uppgift behöver källa (2018-02)"><i>källa behövs</i></span>]</a></sup> Frågan var då hur de skilda ordklasserna skulle benämnas. </p><p>I några språk användes den övergripande termen ”nomen” till att beteckna en av de två ordklasserna, nämligen substantiven. I modern engelska och franska har ”nomen” (engelska ”noun”, franska ”nom”) fått den mest inskränkta betydelsen: ”substantiv”. I denna grupp av språk uppstod ordpar av den engelska typen <i>noun</i> och <i>adjective</i> för de nya kategorierna. </p><p>På andra språk har de moderna ordklasserna ”substantiv” och ”adjektiv” fått sina namn från de senare leden i termerna <i>nomen substantivum</i> och <i>nomen adjectivum</i>. Svenska språket valt denna lösning: <i>substantiv</i>–<i>adjektiv</i>. </p><p>Tabellen nedan visar hur den latinska terminologin gav upphov till två beteckningssätt i ett urval språk. I latin var <i>nomen</i> en övergripande kategori med två underkategorier. Det engelsk‐franska systemet inskränker ”nomen” (”noun”, ”nom”) till att betyda ”substantiv”. Det engelsk‐franska bruket finns i en minoritet av de språk som lånat eller ärvt de latinska orden. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0px 1px">Latin </td> <td colspan="2" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px 1px; text-align: center"><b>nomen</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 0px 1px 1px">(nomen substantivum) </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px">(nomen adjectivum) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0px 1px">engelska </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px 1px"><b>noun</b> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0px 0px"><b>adjective</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px">franska </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 1px"><b>nom</b> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px"><b>adjectif</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 1px"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa indonesia">bahasa indonesia</a> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 1px"><b>nomina</b> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px"><b>adjektiva</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0px 1px">svenska </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 0px 0px 1px"><b>substantiv</b> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 0px 0px"><b>adjektiv</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 1px">italienska </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 1px"><b>sostantivo</b> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 0px 0px"><b>aggetivo</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 1px">tyska </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 1px"><b>Substantiv</b> </td> <td style="border-style: solid; border-width: 0px 1px 1px 0px"><b>Adjektiv</b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Betydelseutveckling_till_substantiv‑lika_ordklasser"><span id="Betydelseutveckling_till_substantiv.E2.80.91lika_ordklasser"></span>Betydelseutveckling till <i>substantiv‑lika ordklasser</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitt: Betydelseutveckling till substantiv‑lika ordklasser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&action=edit&section=3" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Betydelseutveckling till substantiv‑lika ordklasser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I modern teori har ”nomen”, särskilt adjektivformen ”nominal”, ibland fått den vidaste betydelsen som omfattar fler ordklasser än substantiv och adjektiv.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> På engelska har ”nominal” en vidare betydelse, (substantiv och adjektiv, och ofta ytterligare ordklasser) men formen ”noun” har fått den mest inskränkta betydelsen. Dessa skillnader mellan olika språk har bland annat lett till att den ursprungligen engelska grammatiktermen ”noun phrase” heter <a href="/wiki/Nominalfras" title="Nominalfras">nominalfras</a> på svenska, inte ”substantivfras”. En nominalfras kan ha ett substantiv, adjektiv eller pronomen som huvudord.<sup id="cite_ref-SAS204–221_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAS204–221-6"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gemensamma_drag_hos_nominala_ordklasser">Gemensamma drag hos nominala ordklasser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitt: Gemensamma drag hos nominala ordklasser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&action=edit&section=4" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Gemensamma drag hos nominala ordklasser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De nominala ordklasserna i vidare mening har vissa gemensamma drag.<sup id="cite_ref-SAS_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAS-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ett viktigt gemensamt drag är att de i många språk kan böjas enligt samma <a href="/wiki/Grammatisk_kategori" title="Grammatisk kategori">grammatiska kategorier</a>. I modern grammatik, som till skillnad från traditionell grammatik har utvecklat <a href="/wiki/Fras_(grammatik)" title="Fras (grammatik)">frasläran</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-SASf_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SASf-8"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> är nominalfraser uppbyggda av ord från de nominala ordklasserna. </p><p>Ordböjningsläran (<a href="/wiki/Morfologi_(lingvistik)" title="Morfologi (lingvistik)">morfologin</a>) indelas i två delar: deklination och konjugation. De nominala ordklassernas böjning kallas <a href="/wiki/Deklination_(lingvistik)" title="Deklination (lingvistik)">deklination</a>; <a href="/wiki/Verb" title="Verb">verbens</a> böjning kallas <a href="/wiki/Konjugation" title="Konjugation">konjugation</a>. Övriga ordklasser tenderar att vara oböjliga. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Svenska">Svenska</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitt: Svenska" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&action=edit&section=5" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Svenska"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Historiskt har den latinsk‑influerade betydelsen att nomina omfattar substantiv och adjektiv funnits i svenskt språkbruk.<sup id="cite_ref-SAOB_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAOB-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Belägg för det inskränkta bruket att medtaga endast substantiv finns från 1834, och belägg för att utvidga begreppet till att omfatta även <a href="/wiki/Pronomina" class="mw-redirect" title="Pronomina">pronomina</a> och <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A4kneord" title="Räkneord">räkneord</a> finns från 1898.<sup id="cite_ref-SAOB_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAOB-1"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Enligt nuvarande språkbruk (<a href="/wiki/Svenska_Akademiens_spr%C3%A5kl%C3%A4ra" title="Svenska Akademiens språklära">Svenska Akademiens språklära</a>) omfattar nomina </p> <ul><li>substantiv,</li> <li>adjektiv (inklusive <a href="/wiki/Particip" title="Particip">particip</a>, som i nyare grammatik ej längre ses som verbformer),</li> <li>pronomen och</li> <li>räkneord.<sup id="cite_ref-SAS_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAS-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>I svenska böjs såväl substantiv som adjektiv i <a href="/wiki/Numerus" title="Numerus">numerus</a> och <a href="/wiki/Species_(grammatik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Species (grammatik)">bestämdhet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SAS_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SAS-2"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Finska">Finska</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitt: Finska" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&action=edit&section=6" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Finska"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I <a href="/wiki/Finsk_grammatik" title="Finsk grammatik">finsk grammatik</a> avser nomina de ord som böjs i <a href="/wiki/Kasus" title="Kasus">kasus</a> och <a href="/wiki/Numerus" title="Numerus">numerus</a>, alltså ordklasserna <a href="/wiki/Substantiv" title="Substantiv">substantiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adjektiv" title="Adjektiv">adjektiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pronomen" title="Pronomen">pronomen</a> och <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A4kneord" title="Räkneord">räkneord</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ISO_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ISO-9"><span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-reference-link-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Anmärkningar"><span id="Anm.C3.A4rkningar"></span>Anmärkningar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitt: Anmärkningar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&action=edit&section=7" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Anmärkningar"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r47958313">.mw-parser-output .fotnotslista .references{list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .skin-minerva .fotnotslista .references{list-style-type:lower-alpha}</style><div class="fotnotslista" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Eller motsvarigheter till dessa ord på vissa språk.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomen&action=edit&section=8" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-SAOB-1">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-SAOB_1-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SAOB_1-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SAOB_1-2"><small>c</small></a>] <span class="reference-text"><i>Svenska Akademiens ordbok</i>, artikeln ”Nomen”. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.saob.se/artikel/?seek=nomen&pz=2">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SAS-2">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-SAS_2-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SAS_2-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SAS_2-2"><small>c</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SAS_2-3"><small>d</small></a>] <span class="reference-text">Tor G. Hultman, <i>Svenska Akademiens språklära</i>. Stockholm 2003. Sidan 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VS-4">^ [<a href="#cite_ref-VS_4-0"><small>a</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VS_4-1"><small>b</small></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VS_4-2"><small>c</small></a>] <span class="reference-text">Vivian Salmon, ”Theory and practice in Wilkins’ philosophical language”, sidorna 205–276 i Joseph L. Subbiondo (redaktör), <i>John Wilkins and 17th-century British Linguistics</i>. Amsterdam och Philadelphia 1992.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Till exempel i beskrivningen av ryska (Jens Nørgård‑Sörensen, <i>Russian Nominal Semantics And Morphology</i>, Bloomington 2011).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SAS204–221-6"><a href="#cite_ref-SAS204–221_6-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Tor G. Hultman, <i>Svenska Akademiens språklära</i>. Stockholm 2003. Sidorna 204–221.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Nationalencyklopedin, <i>nominalfras</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/nominalfras">[2]</a>. Hämtdatum 9 april 2018.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SASf-8"><a href="#cite_ref-SASf_8-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Tor G. Hultman, <i>Svenska Akademiens språklära</i>. Stockholm 2003. Förord (opaginerat).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ISO-9"><a href="#cite_ref-ISO_9-0">^</a> <span class="reference-text">Auli Hakulinen m fl, <i>Iso suomen kielioppi</i>, sidan 438, Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus, 2008 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://kaino.kotus.fi/visk/sisallys.php?p=438">[3]</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks 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title="Partitiv">Partitiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Pegativ" title="Pegativ">Pegativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Rektus" title="Rektus">Rektus</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";text-align: center;;"><a href="/wiki/Lokalkasus" title="Lokalkasus">Plats,tid, riktning</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Ablativ" title="Ablativ">Ablativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Adessiv" title="Adessiv">Adessiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Allativ" title="Allativ">Allativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Antessiv" title="Antessiv">Antessiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Apudessiv" title="Apudessiv">Apudessiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Delativ" title="Delativ">Delativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Distributiv_(kasus)" title="Distributiv (kasus)">Distributiv</a> (<a href="/wiki/Distributiv%E2%80%93temporalis" title="Distributiv–temporalis">–temporalis</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Elativ" title="Elativ">Elativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Illativ" title="Illativ">Illativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Inelativ" title="Inelativ">Inelativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Inessiv" title="Inessiv">Inessiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Initiativ" title="Initiativ">Initiativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Intrativ" title="Intrativ">Intrativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Lativ" title="Lativ">Lativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Lokativ" title="Lokativ">Lokativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Perlativ" title="Perlativ">Perlativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Pertingent" title="Pertingent">Pertingent</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Postelativ" title="Postelativ">Postelativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Postessiv" title="Postessiv">Postessiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Prolativ" title="Prolativ">Prolativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Proximativ" title="Proximativ">Proximativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Subessiv" title="Subessiv">Subessiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Sublativ" title="Sublativ">Sublativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Superessiv" title="Superessiv">Superessiv</a><span 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