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In 1897, it had a population of 14,326.<ref name="school">Govan Parish School Board, ''The Members' Year Book 1897'', William Hodge & Co, Glasgow, p 121</ref> ==Political history== {{Moresources|section|date=July 2023}} Originally a separate [[police burgh]] founded in 1871, Kinning Park became part of Glasgow in 1905.<ref>{{cite book | title=Labour in Glasgow, 1896-1936: Socialism, Suffrage, Sectarianism | author=J.J. Smyth | year=2000 | publisher=Tuckwell Press | isbn=186232137X}}</ref><ref>[[Glasgow Corporation Order Confirmation Act 1905]] ([[5 Edw. 7]]. c. cxxvii), schedule, section 4.</ref> Thereafter, it was a town council [[Wards of the United Kingdom|ward]], situated between those covering [[Plantation, Glasgow|Plantation]] to the west and [[Kingston, Glasgow|Kingston]] to the east.<ref>[https://www.theglasgowstory.com/ward-maps/?ward=26 Ward 26 (Valuation Rolls: List of Wards 1913-1914)], The Glasgow Story</ref> It was the smallest such burgh in Scotland at just {{convert|108|acre|ha|abbr=off}}. During its 34-year existence, the burgh had its own council, elections, coat of arms, provosts, town hall, council chambers, fire brigade, police force, and police court.<ref name="McMahon">Andrew J McMahon et al. (2003), ''A History of Kinning Park and District, Glasgow'', Glasgow Lending Libraries shelfmark 941.443</ref> [[Govan]] Burgh to the west survived even longer, from 1864 to 1912, before it too was annexed by the City of Glasgow.<ref name="Brotchie">T C F Brotchie (1905 & 1938), ''History of Govan'', Cossar Ltd.</ref> The inaugural council in 1871 was one of the first examples of working class representation in Scotland with five "working men" candidates being elected to the 12 member council under the guidance of Andrew Boa, an activist who also served on the [[Glasgow Trades Council]]. This was well before the formation of the [[Scottish Labour Party]] in 1888 by [[Keir Hardie]] and [[Robert Bontine Cunninghame Graham]]. During the area's time as an independent burgh, there were nine [[Provost (civil)|Provost]]s of Kinning Park: * Alexander Abercrombie (1871–1874) * Thomas Dick (1874–1877) * William Muir (1877–1883) * George Lindsay (1883–1890) * James Whyte (1890–1893) * John Campbell (1893–1896) * Alexander Mitchell (1896–1899) * William Gray (1899–1902) * Thomas McMillan (1902–1905) More recently, political activity in the district has received national publicity in relation to the Glasgow headquarters of the [[Scottish Socialist Party]] (SSP) in Stanley Street which occupies a site adjacent to the former Kinning Park Burgh Chambers. This SSP building was the scene of the Executive Committee Emergency Meeting on 9 November 2004, which led to later disagreement between prominent Scottish politician [[Tommy Sheridan]] and many of his committee colleagues. The minutes of the meeting were disputed and they became a key point of discussion in the defamation case which Sheridan brought against the ''[[News of the World]]'' newspaper in 2006. ==Etymology== A map by Robert Ogilvy in 1741 of the estate of Sir John Maxwell of Pollok shows a field called "The Park" just to the west of the building "Kinnen House" (later Kinning House)<ref>[https://www.theglasgowstory.com/image/?inum=TGSH00025&t=2 Kinning House (Pollok House, 1830)], The Glasgow Story</ref> and immediately south of what today is Paisley Road Toll, but up to the 19th century was called Parkhouse Toll. Hence, this proximity of "The Park" and "Kinning House" is likely to be the origin of the name Kinning Park as the area developed.<ref name="McMahon"/> "Kinning" could be linked to the [[Scots language|Scots]] word "kinnen" ("cunig", "cuning", "cunyg" or "coney") meaning a rabbit. This would be consistent the naming of the neighbouring area of [[Ibrox, Glasgow|Ibrox]] after the Gaelic "Àth Bruic" meaning "badger ford". {{cn|date=July 2023}} In nearby [[Pollokshields]], there was also once a {{convert|1/2|mi|m|abbr=off|adj=mid|-long}} grassy valley called "The Cunyan", which existed immediately south of Fleurs Avenue and the railway line, until it was built over as part of the route of the [[M77 motorway]] in the mid-1970s.{{cn|date=July 2023}} The same Robert Ogilvy map of 1741 also shows a field called the "Plantation" in the area which later became known as [[Plantation, Glasgow|Plantation]]. This is likely to be the origin of the Plantation name. There is a story that a later owner of the area, a Mr Robertson, named the area Plantation in the 1780s because he also owned property in the [[West Indies]]. However, the Ogilvy map suggests that the area was known as Plantation well before Mr Robertson's period.<ref name="McMahon"/> ==Economic development== {{Moresources|section|date=July 2023}} From 1850, Kinning Park grew from a rural village to a busy centre mainly inhabited by artisans and labourers. Its principal industries were engineering, bread and biscuit baking, soap-making and paint-making.<ref name=EB1911/><ref name="Smith">Robin Smith (2001), ''The Making of Scotland'', Canongate, p 424 - 429</ref> Andrew Boa was also involved in the formation of Kinning Park Co-Operative Society<ref name="Dollan">[[Patrick Dollan]] (1923), ''Jubilee History of the Kinning Park Co-Operative Society'', Kinning Park Co-Operative Society Ltd</ref> in 1871 which flourished up until 1952, opening retail and manufacturing premises in Kinning Park and many other neighbouring districts south of the Clyde. Kinning Park is now a district in Glasgow situated on the south bank of the [[River Clyde|Clyde]] about {{convert|1|mi|km|abbr=off|round=0.5|spell=in}} west of the city centre between [[Kingston, Glasgow|Kingston]] and [[Ibrox, Glasgow|Ibrox]]/[[Govan]]. It is served by [[Kinning Park subway station]], which is the closest to the surface of all the stations on the 15 station circle. Nowadays, the district is home to many small industrial units, and until 2009 was home to the Scottish versions of [[News International]]'s UK newspaper titles. The headquarters of [[BBC Scotland]] and [[Scottish Television]] were relocated to [[BBC Pacific Quay|Pacific Quay]] over a period between 2004 and 2008, just to the west of the boundary of the old burgh. ==Notable buildings== [[Our Lady and St Margaret's Primary School]] is a former [[primary school]] located at Stanley Street. The school, designed by the architects Bruce & Hay, was established in 1910.<ref>[http://www.theglasgowstory.com/image.php?inum=TGSA02001 Our Lady and St Margaret's Primary School], Glasgow City Archives, Department of Education, City of Glasgow.</ref> It was closed in 1996–97.<ref>[http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Resource/Doc/91982/0061201.doc Narrative of School Openings, Closures, Relocations and Mergers], [[Scottish Government|The Scottish Government]], December 2007</ref> This is a Category C(s) [[Listed building#Scotland|listed building]], as a good example of a school building on a [[palazzo]] scale. In addition to the school, there was a [[Rectory|presbytery]] in the building that was opened in 1882.<ref>{{Historic Environment Scotland|num=LB46279|desc=118 AND 126-136 (EVEN NOS) STANLEY STREET, FORMER OUR LADY AND ST MARGARET'S PRESBYTERY AND PRIMARY SCHOOL (ROMAN CATHOLIC) INCLUDING GATEPIERS, GATES, RAILINGS AND BOUNDARY WALL|cat=C|access-date=21 March 2019}}</ref> There was also a playground for the school children in a walled area on the roof of the building. This meant that tennis balls used in games were sometimes lost over the side wall into the street. The school was converted into offices during 2006–2010 in three phases of building and letting by Loft Office Limited under the development name Stanley Street Schoolhouse.<ref name="loft">{{cite web |url=http://www.loftoffice.com/StanleySt/info.html |title=Information |access-date=9 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120302100153/http://www.loftoffice.com/StanleySt/info.html |archive-date=2 March 2012}}</ref> A tenement on the north side of MacLellan Street with 49 closes (common stairway entrance) had a claim to being the longest unbroken such building in the city, and possibly the UK.<ref>[https://www.scotsman.com/news-2-15012/areas-of-glasgow-lost-to-the-m8-1-4362024/amp Areas of Glasgow lost to the M8], The Scotsman, 9 February 2017</ref><ref>[http://www.mitchelllibrary.org/virtualmitchell/index.php?a=subjects&s=item&key=SYToyOntpOjA7aToxMDAzO2k6MTtzOjExOiJNY0xlbGxhbiBTdCI7fQ==&pg=1 McLellan St, 1949], [[Mitchell Library|Virtual Mitchell]]</ref> Everything on that north side was demolished to make way for the motorway, and though the street still exists within an industrial estate, it has been isolated from the rest of the area by the road. The estate replaced the Clutha Works, an extensive iron foundry operated by P&W MacLennan (1811 to 1979), an engineering firm involved in the construction of bridges across the world, and which gave the street its name.<ref>[https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/P._and_W._Maclellan P. and W. MacLellan], Grace's Guide</ref><ref>[https://canmore.org.uk/site/173903/glasgow-35-maclellan-street-clutha-works Glasgow, 35 Maclellan Street, Clutha Works], Canmore</ref><ref>[https://www.theglasgowstory.com/image/?inum=TGSA00684 P & W Maclellan (Mitchell Library, Glasgow Collection)], The Glasgow Story</ref> Donald Bruce and Edward Hay were partners in an architectural firm based in West George Street. Bruce was born in Caithness and from 1881 to 1905 he was the surveyor to Kinning Park Burgh Council. Bruce and Hay designed a number of other distinctive buildings in the Kinning Park area<ref name="McMahon"/><ref name="wordsall">Frank Wordsall (1981), ''The City That Disappeared'', Molendinar Press, p 125, 136, 137</ref> including: Kinning Park Library (demolished 1978); the Ogg Brothers' store at Paisley Road Toll (now often called the "Angel Building" due to the prominent angel figure on the top); Rutland House at 45 Govan Road topped with a large eastern-style onion-dome (demolished 1971); United and Co-Operative Bakery, 12 McNeil Street (demolished late 1970s); Kinning Park Co-Operative Society stables at the corner of Stanley Street and Vermont Street featuring a distinctive red and white brick facade (demolished 1970s); and the largest of the Co-Operative Wholesale Society Buildings at Kingston (south side of Morrison Street beside M8).{{cn|date=July 2023}} === Kinning Park Complex === The Kinning Park Complex is an independent multi-use community space in the neighbourhood, providing different kinds of activity to bring people together and create a sense of community. Originally built for use as a primary school in 1910, the building was converted into the Kinning Park Neighbourhood Centre in 1976. When it was closed by the local council in 1996 after falling into disrepair, a group staged a sit-in for 55 days at the centre and eventually reached an agreement with the council to lease the building, keeping the centre open under the new management of a community organisation, Kinning Park Complex.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.glasgowlive.co.uk/news/redesign-work-begins-historic-kinning-18834775|title=Redesign work begins at historic Kinning Park school turned community centre|first=Holly|last=Lennon|date=27 August 2020|website=GlasgowLive}}</ref> ==Sport== It also incorporates some of the most football-obsessed public houses in Glasgow, almost all of them favouring the nearby [[Rangers F.C.|Rangers]]. Rangers once played at the [[Kinning Park (sports ground)|Kinning Park ground]] in West Scotland Street from 1876 to 1887<ref name=rangersbook>J Allan (1923), ''The Story of the Rangers - Fifty Years' Football 1873-1923'', Rangers Football Club, p 9 - 55 (facsimille edition published by Desert Island Books in 1996)</ref> after which they moved to [[Ibrox Park (1887–99)|the first Ibrox]]. The ground was first used in 1849 by [[Clydesdale Cricket Club]] who moved to their current [[Titwood]] ground in 1876. The cricketers played cricket in summer and the new sport of football in winter. [[Clydesdale F.C.|Clydesdale]] of Kinning Park contested the very first [[Scottish Cup Final]] in [[1873–74 Scottish Cup|1874]] against [[Queen's Park F.C.|Queens Park]] but lost 2–0 at the [[Hampden Park (1873–83)|first Hampden Park]].<ref name="Courtney">S Courtney (1954), ''As Centuries Blend - One Hundred and Six Years of Clydesdale Cricket Club'', John Miller Ltd, p 28 - 30</ref> The [[1880–81 Scottish Cup|1881 Scottish Cup Final]] and replay, in which Queen's Park beat [[Dumbarton F.C.|Dumbarton]], were played at the Kinning Park football ground. The site of the ground is now covered by the eastbound carriageway of the M8 motorway just to the south of the present Lambhill Quadrant. ==M8 motorway== The route of the [[M8 motorway (Scotland)|M8 motorway]] through Kinning Park was first proposed in Glasgow Corporation's "[[Bruce Plan]]" in 1945. The eventual building of the motorway during 1970-76<ref name="M8">, https://www.scottishroadsarchive.org/renfrew-motorway</ref> demolished a large part of the old district and displaced many residents to other areas of Glasgow or to new towns further afield. ==Notable people== The singer [[Mary Lee (singer)|Mary Lee]] was born in 1921 in a Kinning Park tenement flat.<ref name="francie">{{cite book |last1=Lee |first1=Mary |title=Forever Francie : my life with Jack Milroy |date=2005 |publisher=Black & White Publishing |location=Edinburgh, Scotland |isbn=9781845028329}}</ref> The rock singer [[Alex Harvey (musician)|Alex Harvey]] (born 1935) of [[The Sensational Alex Harvey Band]] grew up in Durham Street in Kinning Park. His younger brother [[Leslie Harvey|Les Harvey]] was also a musician, who formed a band called the Kinning Park Ramblers with [[Maggie Bell]]. They later became successful as [[Stone the Crows]]. Les died aged only 27 in a tragic electrocution accident after touching an ungrounded, live microphone while on stage with Stone the Crows in Swansea on 3 May 1972. ==Gallery== <gallery> File:Kinning Park subway station - geograph.org.uk - 1598211.jpg|Kinning Park Subway Station File:Front face and spire of Kinning Park Parish Church - geograph.org.uk - 693435.jpg|Kinning Park Parish Church </gallery> ==References== {{Wikisource1911Enc|Kinning Park}} {{reflist}} {{Areas of Glasgow}} {{authority control}} [[Category:Burghs]] [[Category:Govan]] [[Category:Areas of Glasgow]] [[Category:Defunct football venues in Scotland]] [[Category:Kinning Park| ]] </textarea><div class="templatesUsed"><div class="mw-templatesUsedExplanation"><p><span id="templatesused">Pages transcluded onto the current version of this page<span class="posteditwindowhelplinks"> (<a href="/wiki/Help:Transclusion" title="Help:Transclusion">help</a>)</span>:</span> </p></div><ul> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Ambox" 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