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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Western_sahara_walls_moroccan_map-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Western_sahara_walls_moroccan_map-en.svg/220px-Western_sahara_walls_moroccan_map-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Western_sahara_walls_moroccan_map-en.svg/330px-Western_sahara_walls_moroccan_map-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Western_sahara_walls_moroccan_map-en.svg/440px-Western_sahara_walls_moroccan_map-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1676" data-file-height="1302" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>This is a list of published books in English which according to reliable sources deal with the general subject of <a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara" title="Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Dynamic_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">dynamic list</a> and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Bibliography_of_Western_Sahara" title="Special:EditPage/Bibliography of Western Sahara">adding missing items</a> with <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a>.</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amnesty_International" title="Amnesty International">Amnesty International</a> – Morocco: breaking the wall of silence: the 'disappeared' of Morocco<a href="#cite_note-AP96-225-1">[1]</a></li> <li>Amnesty International – Morocco: 'disappearances' of people of Western Sahara origin<a href="#cite_note-AP96-224x-2">[2]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jon_Lee_Anderson" title="Jon Lee Anderson">Anderson, Jon Lee</a> – Guerillas: The Men and Women Fighting Today's Wars<a href="#cite_note-AP96-69x-3">[3]</a></li> <li>Arts, Karin and Pedro Pinto Leita, eds. – International Law and the Question of Western Sahara. Leiden: International Platform of Jurists for East Timor, 2007.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></li> <li>Barakat, Hakim, ed. – Contemporary North Africa: Issues of Development and Integration<a href="#cite_note-AP96-83-5">[5]</a></li> <li>Bender, Gerald J., James J. Coleman, Richard L. Sklar, eds. – African crisis areas and United States foreign policy<a href="#cite_note-AP96-199-6">[6]</a></li> <li>Briggs, Lloyd Cabot – The Living Races of the Sahara Desert<a href="#cite_note-AP96-1-7">[7]</a></li> <li>Briggs, Lloyd Cabot – The Tribes of the Sahara<a href="#cite_note-AP96-2x-8">[8]</a></li> <li>The British Yearbook of International Law (1978)<a href="#cite_note-AP96-221x-9">[9]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Brownlie" title="Ian Brownlie">Brownlie, Ian</a> – African Boundaries: A Legal and Diplomatic Encyclopedia<a href="#cite_note-AP96-215-10">[10]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Chaliand" title="Gérard Chaliand">Chaliand, Gerard</a> – The Struggle for Africa<a href="#cite_note-AP96-81-11">[11]</a></li> <li>Chopra, Jarat – Peace-Maintenance. The Evolution of International Political Authority.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></li> <li>Chopra, Jarat – United Nations determination of the Western Sahara self<a href="#cite_note-AP96-176x-13">[13]</a></li> <li>Copson, Raymond W. – Africa's Wars and Prospects for Peace<a href="#cite_note-AP96-81x-14">[14]</a></li> <li>Cottrell, Alvin J. & <a href="/wiki/James_Daniel_Theberge" class="mw-redirect" title="James Daniel Theberge">James Daniel Theberge</a>, eds. – The Western Mediterranean<a href="#cite_note-AP96-111x-15">[15]</a></li> <li>Damis, John – Conflict in Northwest Africa<a href="#cite_note-AP96-82x-16">[16]</a></li> <li>Dean, David J. – The air force role in low-intensity conflict<a href="#cite_note-AP96-196-17">[17]</a></li> <li>El-Ayouty, Yassin, ed. – The OAU after thirty years<a href="#cite_note-AP96-191-18">[18]</a></li> <li>El-Ayouty, Yassin & <a href="/wiki/I._William_Zartman" title="I. William Zartman">I. William Zartman</a>, eds. – The OAU after twenty years<a href="#cite_note-AP96-189-19">[19]</a></li> <li>El Ouali, Abdelhamid – Saharan Conflict: Towards Territorial Autonomy as a Right to Democratic Self-Determination. London: Stacey International, 2008.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></li> <li>Elias, Robert & Jennifer Turpin, eds. – Rethinking peace<a href="#cite_note-AP96-229x-21">[21]</a></li> <li>Firebrace, James and Jeremy Harding – Exiles of the Desert<a href="#cite_note-AP96-71-22">[22]</a></li> <li>Furley, Oliver, ed. – Conflict in Africa<a href="#cite_note-AP96-91-23">[23]</a></li> <li>Gallagher, Charles F. – Morocco and Its Neighbours, Part I<a href="#cite_note-AP96-19x-24">[24]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Yearbook_of_International_Law" title="German Yearbook of International Law">German Yearbook of International Law</a>, Vol. 19<a href="#cite_note-AP96-221-25">[25]</a></li> <li>Gretton, John – Western Sahara: The Fight for Self-Determination<a href="#cite_note-AP96-28-26">[26]</a></li> <li>Hacene-Djaballah, Belkacem – Conflict in Western Sahara<a href="#cite_note-AP96-146x-27">[27]</a></li> <li>Haireche, Abdel-Kader – Conflict, conflict management and cooperation in North Africa<a href="#cite_note-AP96-86-28">[28]</a></li> <li>Harding, Jeremy – The Fate of Africa: Trial by Fire<a href="#cite_note-AP96-46-29">[29]</a><a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></li> <li>Harkavy, Robert E. & Stephanie Newman, eds. – Lessons of Recent Wars in the Third World, Vol. 1<a href="#cite_note-AP96-54x-31">[31]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Harrell-Bond" title="Barbara Harrell-Bond">Harrell-Bond, Barbara</a> – The Struggle for the Western Sahara Part I<a href="#cite_note-AP96-14-32">[32]</a></li> <li>Harrell-Bond, Barbara – The Struggle for the Western Sahara Part II<a href="#cite_note-AP96-86x-33">[33]</a></li> <li>Harrell-Bond, Barbara – The Struggle for the Western Sahara Part III<a href="#cite_note-AP96-72-34">[34]</a></li> <li>Hodges, Tony – Historical dictionary of Western Sahara<a href="#cite_note-AP96-235-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a></li> <li>Hodges, Tony – The Western Saharans<a href="#cite_note-AP96-2-37">[37]</a></li> <li>Hodges, Tony – Western Sahara: The Roots of a Desert War<a href="#cite_note-AP96-87-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a></li> <li>Houser, George M. – No One Can Stop the Rain<a href="#cite_note-AP96-52-40">[40]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_Rights_Watch" title="Human Rights Watch">Human Rights Watch</a>/Middle East – Keeping It Secret<a href="#cite_note-AP96-225x-41">[41]</a></li> <li>Jensen, Erik – Western Sahara: Lines in the Sand. Boulder: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2005.<a href="#cite_note-Ohaegbulam-42">[42]</a></li> <li>Kamil, Leo – Fueling the Fire<a href="#cite_note-AP96-200-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Keegan" title="John Keegan">Keegan, John</a> & Andrew Wheatcroft – Zones of conflict<a href="#cite_note-AP96-91-23">[23]</a></li> <li>Lawless, Richard & Laila Manahan, eds. – War and refugees<a href="#cite_note-AP96-92-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a></li> <li>Layachi, Azzedino – Images of foreign policy<a href="#cite_note-AP96-201-47">[47]</a></li> <li>Layachi, Azzedino – The United States and North Africa<a href="#cite_note-AP96-201x-48">[48]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Legum" title="Colin Legum">Legum, Colin</a>, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. I<a href="#cite_note-AP96-107-49">[49]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. II<a href="#cite_note-AP96-107-49">[49]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. III<a href="#cite_note-AP96-107-49">[49]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. IV<a href="#cite_note-AP96-107-49">[49]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. V<a href="#cite_note-AP96-107-49">[49]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. VI<a href="#cite_note-AP96-107-49">[49]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. VII<a href="#cite_note-AP96-107-49">[49]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. VIII<a href="#cite_note-AP96-35x-50">[50]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-135-51">[51]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. IX<a href="#cite_note-AP96-135-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-36-52">[52]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. X<a href="#cite_note-AP96-36-52">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-136-53">[53]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. XI<a href="#cite_note-AP96-136-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-36x-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-126-55">[55]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. XII<a href="#cite_note-AP96-120-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-136x-57">[57]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. XIII<a href="#cite_note-AP96-120-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-137-58">[58]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. XIV<a href="#cite_note-AP96-137-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-120x-59">[59]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. XV<a href="#cite_note-AP96-50-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-121-61">[61]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. XVI<a href="#cite_note-AP96-137-58">[58]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-50-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-121-61">[61]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. XVII<a href="#cite_note-AP96-121-61">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-51-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-138-63">[63]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. XVIII<a href="#cite_note-AP96-51-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-138-63">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-122-64">[64]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. XIX<a href="#cite_note-AP96-122-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-37-65">[65]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. XX<a href="#cite_note-AP96-122-64">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-37-65">[65]</a></li> <li>Legum, Colin, ed. – Africa Contemporary Record: Survey and Documents, Vol. XXI<a href="#cite_note-AP96-37x-66">[66]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-123-67">[67]</a></li> <li>Lippert, Anne – The Saharawi Refugees<a href="#cite_note-AP96-73x-68">[68]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lodwick" title="John Lodwick">Lodwick, John</a> – The Forbidden Coast<a href="#cite_note-AP96-9-69">[69]</a></li> <li>Markovitz, Irving Leonard, ed. – Studies of power and class in Africa<a href="#cite_note-AP96-151-70">[70]</a></li> <li>Mercker, John – The Sahrawis of Western Sahara<a href="#cite_note-AP96-4-71">[71]</a></li> <li>Mercker, John – Spanish Sahara<a href="#cite_note-AP96-3-72">[72]</a></li> <li>Nelson, Harold D. – Morocco: A Country Study<a href="#cite_note-AP96-127-73">[73]</a><a href="#cite_note-AP96-143-74">[74]</a></li> <li>Neuberger, Benyamin – National <a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">self-determination</a> in post-colonial Africa<a href="#cite_note-AP96-219-75">[75]</a></li> <li>Norris, H. T. – The Arab Conquest of the Western Sahara<a href="#cite_note-AP96-12x-76">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[77]</a></li> <li>Olsson, Claes, ed. – The Western Sarhara Conflict: The Role of Natural Resources in Decolonization. Uppsala, Sweden: Nordiska Afrikainstitutet, 2006.<a href="#cite_note-78">[78]</a></li> <li>Palin, Michael with Basil Pao – Sahara. 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New York. pp. 574–576. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/229648575">229648575</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+International+Journal+of+African+Historical+Studies&rft.atitle=Endgame+in+the+Western+Sahara%3A+What+Future+for+Africa%27s+Last+Colony%3F&rft.pages=574-576&rft.date=2005-09&rft.aulast=Pazzanita&rft.aufirst=Anthony+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliography+of+Western+Sahara" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#cite_web_url" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Books and Arts: Just deserts? 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London. 28 August 2004. pp. 75–76. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/224028399">224028399</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Books+and+Arts%3A+Just+deserts%3F+Western+Sahara&rft.pages=75-76&rft.date=2004-08-28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliography+of+Western+Sahara" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-237x-102"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-237x_102-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 237-238. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-63-103"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-63_103-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 63. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-101-104"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-101_104-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 101. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-90-105">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AP96-90_105-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP96-90_105-1">b</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 90. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-53-106"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-53_106-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 53. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-101x-107"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-101x_107-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 101-102. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-20-108"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-20_108-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 20. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-154x-109"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-154x_109-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 154-155. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-155-110">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AP96-155_110-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP96-155_110-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP96-155_110-2">c</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 155. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-156-111">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AP96-156_111-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP96-156_111-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP96-156_111-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP96-156_111-3">d</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 156. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-157-112">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AP96-157_112-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP96-157_112-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP96-157_112-2">c</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 157. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-157x-113"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-157x_113-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 157-158. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-158-114"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-158_114-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 158. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-159-115"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-159_115-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 159. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-163-116"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-163_116-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 163. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-168-117"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-168_117-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 168. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-171-118"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-171_118-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 171. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-5-119"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-5_119-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 5. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-10-120"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-10_120-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 10. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-51x-121"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-51x_121-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 51-52. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-103-122">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AP96-103_122-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-AP96-103_122-1">b</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 103. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-103x-123"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-103x_123-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 103-104. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-54-124"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-54_124-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 54. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-91x-125"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-91x_125-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 91-92. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-117-126"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-117_126-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 117. </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMortimer1987" class="citation web cs1">Mortimer, Robert A. (1987). "Morocco's Political Economy: The Impact of the Sahrawi War". Africa Today. Denver. p. 80. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/197467079">197467079</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Africa+Today&rft.atitle=Morocco%27s+Political+Economy%3A+The+Impact+of+the+Sahrawi+War&rft.pages=80&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Mortimer&rft.aufirst=Robert+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliography+of+Western+Sahara" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#cite_web_url" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-104-128"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-104_128-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 104. </li> <li id="cite_note-AP96-105x-129"><a href="#cite_ref-AP96-105x_129-0">^</a> <a href="#Pazzanita96">Pazzanita 1996</a>, p. 105-106. </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1">"Africa – International Dimensions of the Western Sahara Conflict". Foreign Affairs. September–October 1993. p. 180. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.proquest.com/docview/214282368">214282368</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Affairs&rft.atitle=Africa+%E2%80%93+International+Dimensions+of+the+Western+Sahara+Conflict&rft.pages=180&rft.date=1993-09%2F1993-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliography+of+Western+Sahara" class="Z3988"> <code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: Missing or empty <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#cite_web_url" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>) </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Western_Sahara&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Sources">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Pazzanita96" class="citation book cs1">Pazzanita, Anthony G. (1996). Western Sahara. ABC-Clio Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85109-256-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-85109-256-0"><bdi>1-85109-256-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Western+Sahara&rft.pub=ABC-Clio+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=1-85109-256-0&rft.aulast=Pazzanita&rft.aufirst=Anthony+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABibliography+of+Western+Sahara" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bibliography_of_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Africa_topic" title="Template:Africa topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Africa_topic" title="Template talk:Africa topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Africa_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Africa topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bibliography_of_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Bibliography of Africa</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Algeria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Algeria (page does not exist)">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Angola" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliography of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Benin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Benin (page does not exist)">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Botswana" title="Bibliography of Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Burkina_Faso&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Burkina Faso (page does not exist)">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Burundi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Burundi (page does not exist)">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Cameroon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Cameroon (page does not exist)">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Cape_Verde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Cape Verde (page does not exist)">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_the_Central_African_Republic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of the Central African Republic (page does not exist)">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Chad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Chad (page does not exist)">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_the_Comoros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of the Comoros (page does not exist)">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (page does not exist)">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of the Republic of the Congo (page does not exist)">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Djibouti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Djibouti (page does not exist)">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Egypt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Egypt (page does not exist)">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Equatorial_Guinea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Equatorial Guinea (page does not exist)">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Eritrea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Eritrea (page does not exist)">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Eswatini&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Eswatini (page does not exist)">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Ethiopia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Ethiopia (page does not exist)">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Gabon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Gabon (page does not exist)">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_the_Gambia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of the Gambia (page does not exist)">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Ghana" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliography of Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Guinea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Guinea (page does not exist)">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Guinea-Bissau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Guinea-Bissau (page does not exist)">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Ivory_Coast&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Ivory Coast (page does not exist)">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Kenya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Kenya (page does not exist)">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Lesotho&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Lesotho (page does not exist)">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Liberia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Liberia (page does not exist)">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Libya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Libya (page does not exist)">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Madagascar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Madagascar (page does not exist)">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Malawi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Malawi (page does not exist)">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Mali&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Mali (page does not exist)">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Mauritania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Mauritania (page does not exist)">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Mauritius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Mauritius (page does not exist)">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Morocco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Morocco (page does not exist)">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Mozambique&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Mozambique (page does not exist)">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Namibia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Namibia (page does not exist)">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Niger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Niger (page does not exist)">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Nigeria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Nigeria (page does not exist)">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Rwanda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Rwanda (page does not exist)">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of São Tomé and Príncipe (page does not exist)">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Senegal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Senegal (page does not exist)">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Seychelles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Seychelles (page does not exist)">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Sierra_Leone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Sierra Leone (page does not exist)">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Somalia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Somalia (page does not exist)">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_South_Africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of South Africa (page does not exist)">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_South_Sudan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of South Sudan (page does not exist)">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Sudan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Sudan (page does not exist)">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Tanzania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Tanzania (page does not exist)">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Togo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Togo (page does not exist)">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Tunisia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Tunisia (page does not exist)">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Uganda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Uganda (page does not exist)">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Zambia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Zambia (page does not exist)">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Zimbabwe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Zimbabwe (page does not exist)">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">States with limited recognition</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibliography of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Somaliland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Somaliland (page does not exist)">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Dependencies and other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_the_Canary_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of the Canary Islands (page does not exist)">Canary Islands</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Ceuta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Ceuta (page does not exist)">Ceuta</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Melilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Melilla (page does not exist)">Melilla</a>  (Spain)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Madeira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Madeira (page does not exist)">Madeira</a> (Portugal)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Mayotte&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Mayotte (page does not exist)">Mayotte</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_R%C3%A9union&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Réunion (page does not exist)">Réunion</a> (France)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Saint_Helena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Saint Helena (page does not exist)">Saint Helena</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Ascension_Island&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Ascension Island (page does not exist)">Ascension Island</a> / <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bibliography_of_Tristan_da_Cunha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bibliography of Tristan da Cunha (page does not exist)">Tristan da Cunha</a> (United Kingdom)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Western Sahara</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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