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href="https://forccast-hypotheses-org.translate.goog/category/interview?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" rel="category tag">Interview</a></li> <li class="comments"><a href="https://forccast-hypotheses-org.translate.goog/3891?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB#respond"><i class="far fa-comments"></i>0</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="hu-pad group"> <article class="post-3891 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-controverses category-interview"> <div class="post-inner group"> <h1 class="post-title entry-title">Forccast comme objet de recherche – Entretien avec Simon Bolduc</h1> <p class="post-byline">par <span class="vcard author"> <span class="fn"><a href="https://forccast-hypotheses-org.translate.goog/author/cyrcee?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en-GB" title="Articles par Equipe FORCCAST" rel="author">Equipe FORCCAST</a></span> </span> · Publié <time class="published" datetime="2017-07-11T18:20:38+02:00">11/07/2017</time> · Mis à jour <time class="updated" datetime="2017-07-11T18:31:24+02:00">11/07/2017</time></p> <div class="clear"></div> <div class="entry themeform"> <div class="entry-inner"> <p><em>Forccast fait actuellement l’objet d’une thèse en pédagogie ! Le programme s’est en effet engagé dans la réalisation d’une étude qui est réalisée dans le cadre d’un doctorat. L’ambition est non seulement de produire de nouvelles connaissances, mais également de stimuler la réflexivité sur les pratiques qui sont développées. Simon Bolduc bénéficie de ce soutien et prend en considération quelques-unes des activités de Forccast dans le cadre d’un doctorat qu’il réalise à l’Université de Sherbrooke, au Canada. Nous l’avons rencontré lors de son dernier passage à Paris, au mois de mai 2017.</em></p> <p><a href="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://forccast.hypotheses.org/files/2017/06/IMG_2203-e1498039755243.jpg"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="aligncenter wp-image-3862 size-large" src="https://translate.google.com/website?sl=auto&tl=en&hl=en-GB&u=http://forccast.hypotheses.org/files/2017/06/IMG_2203-500x375.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="375"></a></p> <p><strong>Bonjour Simon. Tu arrives du Québec et il s’agit de ton septième séjour à Forccast. Peux-tu s’il te plaît résumer ton parcours en quelques mots ? </strong></p> <p>Je réalise un doctorat en pédagogie de l’enseignement supérieur à l’Université de Sherbrooke comme doctorant associé au projet Forccast.</p> <p>Après avoir terminé une licence en criminologie et un master en travail social, j’ai travaillé pendant huit ans à la coordination d’un programme à l’Université de Sherbrooke (UdeS). Ce Programme d’apprentissage expérientiel par l’intervention communautaire (PAEIC), visait à intégrer dans les cours des différentes facultés de l’UdeS des interventions étudiantes porteuses d’un impact social. L’objectif était de développer autant l’engagement citoyen des étudiants que de rendre leurs connaissances et leurs compétences au service de la collectivité.</p> <p>Le PAEIC a été pour moi un laboratoire d’expérimentation pédagogique très riche. Au fil des ans, nous avons (car c’était un réel travail d’équipe) mis en place des projets forts novateurs et très stimulants. Par exemple, en plus d’avoir créé un réseau comptant une cinquantaine de cours et quelques 200 organisations partenaires, nous avons implanté un laboratoire d’innovation sociale centré sur l’amélioration des soins de santé pour les personnes immigrées, un programme en entrepreneuriat social et un événement institutionnel annuel original et de grande envergure.</p> <p><strong>Peut-on dire que ton intérêt se situe à la rencontre des enjeux sociaux et de la pédagogie ?</strong></p> <p>Oui. J’ai un fort intérêt pour des projets qui placent l’innovation pédagogique au service de l’innovation sociale. C’est mon expérience au PAEIC qui m’a amené à m’intéresser à la responsabilité sociale des institutions d’enseignement supérieur et au potentiel de ces institutions pour répondre aux enjeux de nos sociétés. J’ai d’ailleurs, à l’époque, entamé un diplôme de troisième cycle en pédagogie de l’enseignement supérieur sur ces thèmes. Malheureusement, la fermeture du PAEIC en 2014 m’a obligé à mettre ce diplôme “sur la glace”, comme on dit au Québec.</p> <p><strong>Comment as-tu connu Forccast ? Le programme a-t-il été à l’origine de ton choix de sujet de thèse ?</strong></p> <p>En septembre 2014, j’ai reçu l’offre de bourse en vue de la réalisation d’une thèse dans le cadre du programme Forccast, que Denis Bédard (mon directeur actuel à l’UdeS) faisait circuler. J’ai candidaté et été retenu.</p> <p>Dès le début, j’ai été interpellé par le caractère novateur du projet, par l’idée de cartographier des controverses et de chercher à déplier la complexité des enjeux étudiés. La démarche de Forccast rejoignait également mon expérience au sein du laboratoire d’innovation sociale que nous avions implanté à l’UdeS et j’étais très curieux d’en apprendre davantage.</p> <p><strong>Tu es déjà venu travailler sur ta recherche à Paris et tu passes du temps avec les différents partenaires de Forccast. Quelles informations collectes-tu ? Quelle(s) méthode(s) de travail as-tu employée(s) lors de tes visites ? </strong></p> <p>J’ai débuté ma thèse en janvier 2015.</p> <p>Mes premiers séjours étaient davantage centrés sur un travail ethnographique, si je peux dire. J’avais à comprendre le contexte général de Forccast, l’ensemble de ses activités, me familiariser avec le contexte français et les différentes institutions associées au projet. Rapidement, j’ai dû choisir mon objet d’étude, soit un aspect en particulier du projet. Mon choix s’est arrêté sur les enseignants de cartographie de controverses (CC). J’ai donc dû délaisser, à regret, les cours sur l’art oratoire, ceux sur les négociations de simulations. J’ai également décidé de me concentrer sur les expériences conduites dans l’enseignement supérieur.</p> <p>Actuellement, j’arrive à la fin de la rédaction de mon projet de recherche. Il faut savoir qu’au Québec, dans les programmes de doctorat, l’acceptation du projet de recherche est un préalable pour débuter sa collecte de données officielle. Mes précédents séjours m’ont donc permis d’apprivoiser la diversité des institutions qui offrent des cours de CC, de tester des outils de collecte de données et de préciser l’angle de ma recherche. Une dernière collecte de données est donc prévue à l’hiver 2018. Cette collecte complétera l’ensemble de la démarche d’enquête et bénéficiera donc d’un appareillage méthodologique développé au cours des dernières années, et adapté au contexte de l’étude de l’enseignement de la CC.</p> <p><strong>Comment abordes-tu la cartographie de controverses dans ta thèse ? Sous quel(s) angle(s) ? </strong></p> <p>Je m’intéresse particulièrement aux enseignants et à leurs pratiques.</p> <p>Ma thèse repose sur l’hypothèse que les enseignants qui dispensent ce cours adoptent une posture particulière afin d’accompagner adéquatement les étudiants. Bien saisir cette posture représente alors un préalable pour faciliter l’appropriation de cette approche pédagogique par d’autres enseignants.</p> <p>De manière à étudier cette posture particulière, trois composants de la réflexion des enseignants seront approfondis : leurs <strong>conceptions de l’enseignement</strong>, leurs <strong>conceptions de l’apprentissage</strong> et leurs <strong>conceptions de la nature de la connaissance</strong>. L’hypothèse est que ces conceptions constituent des composants <strong>actifs</strong> de la <strong>réflexion de l’enseignant</strong> et qu’elles influencent de manière marquée leurs <strong>pratiques pédagogiques</strong>. Dans ce contexte, nous pouvons faire l’hypothèse que l’ancrage théorique et disciplinaire de la cartographie de controverses impacte fortement la posture que les enseignants adoptent en classe.</p> <p>Or, de manière à contextualiser les pratiques d’enseignement et ne pas se satisfaire de ce que les enseignants ont à nous dire de ces dernières, deux autres stratégies de collecte de données sont ajoutées à la recherche :</p> <ul> <li>Observations en classe, afin d’estimer les facteurs contextuels propres à l’enseignement de la CC et d’étudier ceux qui influencent les pratiques effectives ;</li> <li>Entrevues post-observation avec les enseignants.</li> </ul> <p>Durant ces dernières entrevues, il sera possible d’interroger l’enseignant sur ses intentions derrière des interventions spécifiques et préalablement identifiées. L’objectif étant de contextualiser le plus possible la réflexion des enseignants et ainsi de chercher à étudier non pas leur posture générale en tant qu’enseignant, mais la <strong>posture spécifique qu’il adopte en tant qu’enseignant de CC</strong>.</p> <p>De plus, ce qui est très intéressant avec cette recherche, c’est que nous allons autant développer une connaissance empirique des postures des enseignants et de leurs pratiques, qu’offrir un processus qui sera formateur pour les enseignants participants. Je pense que par les entrevues post-observations, les enseignants pourront approfondir significativement leur compréhension de leurs pratiques.</p> <p><strong>Es-tu ou as-tu été enseignant ? As-tu expérimenté des techniques pédagogiques ?</strong></p> <p>Non. Je n’ai jamais enseigné. Ceci fait que j’aborde mon terrain de recherche avec beaucoup d’humilité et de curiosité. Je n’observe pas les enseignants en me demandant ce que j’aurais fait à leur place ou ce qu’ils auraient dû faire dans telle situation. J’observe plutôt les enseignants en tentant de comprendre qui est l’enseignant devant moi et pourquoi il se comporte ainsi.</p> <p>De plus, c’est fascinant d’observer que des personnes qui réalisent une activité n’arrivent pas toujours à expliciter les raisons qui les poussent à agir de telle ou telle manière. De ce fait, un réel travail de collaboration entre le chercheur et l’enseignant est alors nécessaire pour approfondir cet objet d’étude.<strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>J’imagine qu’en parallèle, tu es associé à des projets similaires au Canada. Peux-tu en dire quelques mots ? Notes-tu des différences d’approche de l’innovation pédagogique ? </strong></p> <p>Sincèrement, depuis janvier 2015, j’ai été entièrement absorbé par mon travail de thèse. Avec les différents séjours à Paris et les exigences de mon programme d’étude, je n’avais aucune disponibilité pour d’autres projets. Pour me tenir à jour, je conserve toutefois mes activités de veille sur les innovations pédagogiques et les innovations sociales. Mais concrètement, j’ai été plutôt discret durant les deux dernières années. Par contre, depuis peu, je collabore sur un projet de recherche qui vise à étudier l’enseignement et l’apprentissage en contexte de « living lab ». Il s’agit d’une autre occasion d’étudier des environnements complexes d’apprentissage et d’approfondir les pratiques d’enseignements qui y sont rattachées.</p> <hr> <div class="citation"> <p><span class="citation-title">OpenEdition vous propose de citer ce billet de la manière suivante :</span><br> Equipe FORCCAST (11 juillet 2017). Forccast comme objet de recherche – Entretien avec Simon Bolduc. <em>Forccast</em>. 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