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class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ไซต์"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เมนูหลัก" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เมนูหลัก</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div 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id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="ค้นหาใน วิกิพีเดีย" aria-label="ค้นหาใน วิกิพีเดีย" autocapitalize="sentences" title="ค้นหาวิกิ [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="พิเศษ:ค้นหา"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">ค้นหา</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="หน้าตา" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">หน้าตา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th" class=""><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ" class=""><span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เครื่องมือส่วนตัว</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="เมนูผู้ใช้" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th"><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> หน้าสำหรับผู้แก้ไขที่ออกจากระบบ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B3" aria-label="เรียนรู้เพิ่มเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไข"><span>เรียนรู้เพิ่มเติม</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="รายการการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ส่วนร่วม</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>คุย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ไซต์"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="สารบัญ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">สารบัญ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">บทนำ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-อ้างอิง" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#อ้างอิง"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>อ้างอิง</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-อ้างอิง-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="สารบัญ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">อึนจาเมนา</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ไปที่บทความในภาษาอื่น ซึ่งมีใน 140 ภาษา" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-140" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">140 ภาษา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – แอฟริกานส์" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="แอฟริกานส์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%83%E1%88%98%E1%8A%93" title="ንጃመና – อัมฮารา" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ንጃመና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="อัมฮารา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – อารากอน" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="อารากอน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7" title="انجمينا – อาหรับ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="انجمينا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="อาหรับ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7" title="انجمينا – อาหรับพื้นเมืองอียิปต์" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انجمينا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="อาหรับพื้นเมืองอียิปต์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xamena" title="Xamena – อัสตูเรียส" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xamena" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="อัสตูเรียส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – โคตาวา" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="โคตาวา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ncamena" title="Ncamena – อาเซอร์ไบจาน" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ncamena" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="อาเซอร์ไบจาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7" title="انجامنا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="انجامنا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нджамена – บัชคีร์" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Нджамена" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="บัชคีร์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djam%C3%A9na" title="N'Djaména – บาหลี" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="N'Djaména" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="บาหลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нджамена – เบลารุส" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нджамена" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="เบลารุส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нджамэна – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нджамэна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нджамена – บัลแกเรีย" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нджамена" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="บัลแกเรีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="এনজামেনা – บังกลา" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এনজামেনা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="บังกลา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%87%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="ཇ་མི་ན། – ทิเบต" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཇ་མི་ན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="ทิเบต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndjamena" title="Ndjamena – เบรตัน" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ndjamena" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="เบรตัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – บอสเนีย" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="บอสเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – คาตาลัน" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="คาตาลัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нджамена – เชเชน" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Нджамена" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="เชเชน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – เซบู" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="เซบู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8E%D9%86%D8%A7" title="نجامێنا – เคิร์ดตอนกลาง" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="نجامێنا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="เคิร์ดตอนกลาง" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – เช็ก" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="เช็ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – เวลส์" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="เวลส์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – เดนมาร์ก" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="เดนมาร์ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E2%80%99Djamena" title="N’Djamena – เยอรมัน" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="N’Djamena" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Ντζαμένα – กรีก" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ντζαμένα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="กรีก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – อังกฤษ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%9Dameno" title="Nĝameno – เอสเปรันโต" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nĝameno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="เอสเปรันโต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamena" title="Yamena – สเปน" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Yamena" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="สเปน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – เอสโตเนีย" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="เอสโตเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – บาสก์" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="บาสก์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7" title="انجامنا – เปอร์เซีย" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انجامنا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="เปอร์เซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E2%80%99Djamena" title="N’Djamena – ฟินแลนด์" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="N’Djamena" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ฟินแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djam%C3%A9na" title="N'Djaména – ฝรั่งเศส" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="N'Djaména" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ฝรั่งเศส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E2%80%99Dj%C2%B7am%C3%A8na" title="N’Dj·amèna – อาร์พิตา" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="N’Dj·amèna" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="อาร์พิตา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E2%80%99Djamena" title="N’Djamena – ฟริเซียนเหนือ" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="N’Djamena" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="ฟริเซียนเหนือ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – ฟริเซียนตะวันตก" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="ฟริเซียนตะวันตก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – ไอริช" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ไอริช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – เกลิกสกอต" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="เกลิกสกอต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xamena" title="Xamena – กาลิเซีย" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Xamena" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="กาลิเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jam%C3%A9na" title="Jaména – กัวรานี" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Jaména" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="กัวรานี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndjamena" title="Ndjamena – เฮาซา" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ndjamena" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="เฮาซา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – จีนแคะ" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="จีนแคะ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%92%27%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%94" title="נג'מנה – ฮิบรู" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נג'מנה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ฮิบรู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="अन जामेना – ฮินดี" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अन जामेना" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ฮินดี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – ฮินดีฟิจิ" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="ฮินดีฟิจิ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – โครเอเชีย" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="โครเอเชีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E2%80%99Djamena" title="N’Djamena – ซอร์เบียตอนบน" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="N’Djamena" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="ซอร์เบียตอนบน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djam%C3%A8na" title="N'Djamèna – เฮติครีโอล" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="N'Djamèna" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="เฮติครีโอล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E2%80%99Djamena" title="N’Djamena – ฮังการี" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="N’Djamena" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ฮังการี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%BB%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Նջամենա – อาร์เมเนีย" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նջամենա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="อาร์เมเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – อินเตอร์ลิงกัว" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="อินเตอร์ลิงกัว" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – อินโดนีเซีย" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="อินโดนีเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – อินเตอร์ลิงกิว" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="อินเตอร์ลิงกิว" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – อีโด" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="อีโด" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – ไอซ์แลนด์" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ไอซ์แลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – อิตาลี" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="อิตาลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%A1%E3%83%8A" title="ンジャメナ – ญี่ปุ่น" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ンジャメナ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ญี่ปุ่น" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – ชวา" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ชวา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ნჯამენა – จอร์เจีย" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნჯამენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="จอร์เจีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C7%A7amena" title="Nǧamena – กาไบล" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Nǧamena" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="กาไบล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njamena" title="Njamena – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Njamena" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndjamena" title="Ndjamena – คองโก" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Ndjamena" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="คองโก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – กีกูยู" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="กีกูยู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нджамена – คาซัค" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Нджамена" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="คาซัค" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%80%EC%9E%90%EB%A9%94%EB%82%98" title="은자메나 – เกาหลี" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="은자메나" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="เกาหลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – เคิร์ด" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="เคิร์ด" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – คอร์นิช" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="คอร์นิช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нжамена – คีร์กีซ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Нжамена" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="คีร์กีซ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndjamena" title="Ndjamena – ละติน" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ndjamena" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ละติน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – ลักเซมเบิร์ก" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="ลักเซมเบิร์ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – ลิกูเรีย" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ลิกูเรีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – ลอมบาร์ด" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ลอมบาร์ด" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E2%80%99Djamena" title="N’Djamena – ลิงกาลา" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="N’Djamena" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="ลิงกาลา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nd%C5%BEamena" title="Ndžamena – ลิทัวเนีย" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ndžamena" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ลิทัวเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nd%C5%BEamena" title="Ndžamena – ลัตเวีย" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ndžamena" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ลัตเวีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нджамэна – มอคชา" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Нджамэна" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="มอคชา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – มาลากาซี" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="มาลากาซี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – มีนังกาเบา" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="มีนังกาเบา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нџамена – มาซิโดเนีย" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нџамена" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="มาซิโดเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8" title="ൻഡ്ജാമെന – มาลายาลัม" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ൻഡ്ജാമെന" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="มาลายาลัม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="इंजामिना – มราฐี" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इंजामिना" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="มราฐี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нджамена – มารีตะวันตก" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Нджамена" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="มารีตะวันตก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – มาเลย์" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="มาเลย์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7" title="انجامنا – มาซันดารานี" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="انجامنا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="มาซันดารานี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndjamena" title="Ndjamena – ดัตช์" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ndjamena" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ดัตช์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – นอร์เวย์นีนอสก์" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์นีนอสก์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E2%80%99Djamena" title="N’Djamena – นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="N’Djamena" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – อ็อกซิตัน" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="อ็อกซิตัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27D%C5%BEamena" title="N'Džamena – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="N'Džamena" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%C3%A6" title="Нджаменæ – ออสเซเตีย" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Нджаменæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ออสเซเตีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE" title="ਨਿਜਾਮੀਨਾ – ปัญจาบ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਿਜਾਮੀਨਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="ปัญจาบ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – ปาเปียเมนโต" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="ปาเปียเมนโต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nd%C5%BCamena" title="Ndżamena – โปแลนด์" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ndżamena" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="โปแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – พีดมอนต์" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="พีดมอนต์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="نجمینا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نجمینا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7" title="انجامنا – พัชโต" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="انجامنا" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="พัชโต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamena" title="Jamena – โปรตุเกส" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jamena" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="โปรตุเกส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamina" title="Yamina – เคชวา" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yamina" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="เคชวา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – โรมาเนีย" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="โรมาเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нджамена – รัสเซีย" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нджамена" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="รัสเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – ซาร์เดญา" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="ซาร์เดญา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – ซิซิลี" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="ซิซิลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – สกอตส์" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="สกอตส์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E2%80%99Djamena" title="N’Djamena – สโลวัก" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="N’Djamena" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="สโลวัก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – สโลวีเนีย" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="สโลวีเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – ซามิอีนารี" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="ซามิอีนารี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – โชนา" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="โชนา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Injamiina" title="Injamiina – โซมาลี" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Injamiina" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="โซมาลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nxhamena" title="Nxhamena – แอลเบเนีย" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Nxhamena" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="แอลเบเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нџамена – เซอร์เบีย" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Нџамена" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="เซอร์เบีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – สวีเดน" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="สวีเดน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – สวาฮีลี" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="สวาฮีลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9C%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE" title="நிஜாமீனா – ทมิฬ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நிஜாமீனா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ทมิฬ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D2%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нҷамена – ทาจิก" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Нҷамена" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="ทาจิก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – ตากาล็อก" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="ตากาล็อก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ncamena" title="Ncamena – ทาลิช" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Ncamena" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="ทาลิช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encemine" title="Encemine – ตุรกี" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Encemine" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ตุรกี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нджамена – อุดมูร์ต" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Нджамена" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="อุดมูร์ต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Нджамена – ยูเครน" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нджамена" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ยูเครน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="نجامینا – อูรดู" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نجامینا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="อูรดู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njamena" title="Njamena – อุซเบก" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Njamena" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="อุซเบก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – เวเนโต้" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="เวเนโต้" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nd%C5%BEamen" title="Ndžamen – เวปส์" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Ndžamen" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="เวปส์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – เวียดนาม" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="เวียดนาม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – วาเรย์" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="วาเรย์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njamena" title="Njamena – โวลอฟ" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Njamena" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="โวลอฟ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E8%B4%BE%E6%A2%85%E7%BA%B3" title="恩贾梅纳 – จีนอู๋" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="恩贾梅纳" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="จีนอู๋" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ნჯამენა – เมเกรเลีย" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნჯამენა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="เมเกรเลีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%27%D7%93%D7%96%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%A0%D7%90" title="נ'דזשאמענא – ยิดดิช" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="נ'דזשאמענא" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ยิดดิช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – โยรูบา" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="โยรูบา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E8%B3%88%E6%A2%85%E7%B4%8D" title="恩賈梅納 – จีน" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="恩賈梅納" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="จีน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" title="N'Djamena – จีนมินหนาน" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="N'Djamena" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="จีนมินหนาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E8%B3%88%E6%A2%85%E7%B4%8D" title="恩賈梅納 – กวางตุ้ง" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="恩賈梅納" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="กวางตุ้ง" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3659#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="แก้ไขลิงก์ข้ามภาษา" class="wbc-editpage">แก้ไขลิงก์</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2&action=history"><span>ดูประวัติ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ทั่วไป </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" title="รายการหน้าวิกิทุกหน้าที่ลิงก์มาที่นี่ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>หน้าที่ลิงก์มา</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" rel="nofollow" title="รายการเปลี่ยนแปลงล่าสุดในหน้าที่ลิงก์จากหน้านี้ [k]" accesskey="k"><span>การเปลี่ยนแปลงที่เกี่ยวโยง</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%94" title="อัปโหลดไฟล์ [u]" accesskey="u"><span>อัปโหลดไฟล์</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9" title="รายการหน้าพิเศษทั้งหมด [q]" accesskey="q"><span>หน้าพิเศษ</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2&oldid=11875191" title="ลิงก์ถาวรมารุ่นนี้ของหน้านี้"><span>ลิงก์ถาวร</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2&action=info" title="ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับหน้านี้"><span>สารสนเทศหน้า</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87&page=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2&id=11875191&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="สารสนเทศเกี่ยวกับวิธีการอ้างอิงหน้านี้"><span>อ้างอิงบทความนี้</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25B6%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%2588%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%25B2"><span>รับยูอาร์แอลแบบสั้น</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fth.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B8%25AD%25E0%25B8%25B6%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%2588%25E0%25B8%25B2%25E0%25B9%2580%25E0%25B8%25A1%25E0%25B8%2599%25E0%25B8%25B2"><span>ดาวน์โหลดคิวอาร์โค้ด</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> พิมพ์/ส่งออก </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2"><span>สร้างหนังสือ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2&action=show-download-screen"><span>ดาวน์โหลดเป็น PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2&printable=yes" title="รุ่นที่พร้อมพิมพ์ของหน้านี้ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>รุ่นพร้อมพิมพ์</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ในโครงการอื่น </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/N%27Djamena" hreflang="en"><span>วิกิมีเดียคอมมอนส์</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3659" title="ลิงก์ไปยังสิ่งนี้ในคลังซึ่งเชื่อมโยงข้อมูลต่าง ๆ เข้าด้วยกัน [g]" accesskey="g"><span>สิ่งนี้ในวิกิสนเทศ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="หน้าเครื่องมือ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">หน้าตา</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">จากวิกิพีเดีย สารานุกรมเสรี</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="th" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox geography vcard" style="width:22em;width:23em; font-size:88%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-size:125%; line-height:1.2em;"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org">อึนจาเมนา</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#cddeff; font-weight:bold;"><div class="category">เมืองหลวง</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:National_Museum_and_National_Library_of_Chad_in_N%27Djamena_-_2014-10-01_a.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="กรุงอึนจาเมนา"><img alt="กรุงอึนจาเมนา" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/National_Museum_and_National_Library_of_Chad_in_N%27Djamena_-_2014-10-01_a.jpg/250px-National_Museum_and_National_Library_of_Chad_in_N%27Djamena_-_2014-10-01_a.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/National_Museum_and_National_Library_of_Chad_in_N%27Djamena_-_2014-10-01_a.jpg/375px-National_Museum_and_National_Library_of_Chad_in_N%27Djamena_-_2014-10-01_a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/National_Museum_and_National_Library_of_Chad_in_N%27Djamena_-_2014-10-01_a.jpg/500px-National_Museum_and_National_Library_of_Chad_in_N%27Djamena_-_2014-10-01_a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1855" data-file-height="847" /></a></span><div style="padding:0.4em 0 0 0;">กรุงอึนจาเมนา</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="maptable" style="text-align:center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9722819">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:N%27Djamena_coa.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="ตราราชการของอึนจาเมนา"><img alt="ตราราชการของอึนจาเมนา" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/N%27Djamena_coa.svg/92px-N%27Djamena_coa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="92" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/N%27Djamena_coa.svg/138px-N%27Djamena_coa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/N%27Djamena_coa.svg/183px-N%27Djamena_coa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="167" data-file-height="182" /></a></span><br />ตราอาร์ม</div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9469184">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:300px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:300px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:300px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Chad_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="อึนจาเมนาตั้งอยู่ในประเทศชาด"><img alt="อึนจาเมนาตั้งอยู่ในประเทศชาด" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chad_adm_location_map.svg/300px-Chad_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="450" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chad_adm_location_map.svg/450px-Chad_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Chad_adm_location_map.svg/600px-Chad_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="899" data-file-height="1349" /></a></span><div class="od" style="top:69.629%;left:18.716%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="อึนจาเมนา"><img alt="อึนจาเมนา" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div>อึนจาเมนา</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">ที่ตั้งในประเทศชาด</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">แสดงแผนที่ประเทศชาด</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9469184"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:300px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:300px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:300px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Africa_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="อึนจาเมนาตั้งอยู่ในแอฟริกา"><img alt="อึนจาเมนาตั้งอยู่ในแอฟริกา" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Africa_location_map.svg/300px-Africa_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Africa_location_map.svg/450px-Africa_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Africa_location_map.svg/600px-Africa_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1525" data-file-height="1440" /></a></span><div class="od" style="top:35.291%;left:48.912%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="อึนจาเมนา"><img alt="อึนจาเมนา" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div>อึนจาเมนา</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">อึนจาเมนา (แอฟริกา)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">แสดงแผนที่แอฟริกา</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center">พิกัด: <span style="white-space: nowrap;"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r11440494">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion load-gadget" data-gadget="WikiMiniAtlas"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2&params=12_6_47_N_15_2_57_E_type:city(993492)_region:TD"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="แผนที่ ภาพถ่ายทางอากาศ และข้อมูลอื่นเกี่ยวกับสถานที่นี้"><span class="latitude">12°6′47″N</span> <span class="longitude">15°2′57″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="แผนที่ ภาพถ่ายทางอากาศ และข้อมูลอื่นเกี่ยวกับสถานที่นี้">12.11306°N 15.04917°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">12.11306; 15.04917</span></span></span></a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row">ประเทศ</th><td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94" title="ชาด"><img alt="ชาด" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regions_of_Chad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regions of Chad (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">แคว้น</a></th><td>อึนจาเมนา</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row">ความสูง<span style="font-weight:normal"></span></th><td>978 ฟุต (298 เมตร)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:left">ประชากร<div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(พ.ศ. 2552)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • ทั้งหมด</th><td>993,492 คน</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2" title="เขตเวลา">เขตเวลา</a></th><td>+1</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>อึนจาเมนา</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9D%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%AA" title="ภาษาฝรั่งเศส">ฝรั่งเศส</a>: <i lang="fr">Ndjamena, N’Djaména</i>; <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%9A" title="ภาษาอาหรับ">อาหรับ</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">نجامينا, Nijāmīnā</span>) เป็น<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87" title="เมืองหลวง">เมืองหลวง</a>และเมืองที่ใหญ่ที่สุดของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94" title="ประเทศชาด">ประเทศชาด</a> เมืองท่าบนฝั่ง<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5" title="แม่น้ำชารี">แม่น้ำชารี</a> เป็นตลาดสำคัญของการทำ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%8C" title="ปศุสัตว์">ปศุสัตว์</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD" title="เกลือ">เกลือ</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1" title="อินทผลัม">อินทผลัม</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%8A" title="ธัญพืช">ธัญพืช</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%8C" title="เนื้อสัตว์">เนื้อสัตว์</a> ปลา การทำฝ้าย ที่ถือเป็นอุตสาหกรรมสำคัญ และยังเป็นศูนย์กลางเศรษฐกิจของประเทศชาด ถึงแม้ว่าจะเกิดปัญหาความรุนแรงในเมือง<sup id="cite_ref-encyclo_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encyclo-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="อ้างอิง"><span id=".E0.B8.AD.E0.B9.89.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.87"></span>อ้างอิง</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2&action=edit&section=1" title="แก้ไขส่วน: อ้างอิง"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-encyclo-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-encyclo_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10205087">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFZeleza2003" class="citation book cs1">Zeleza, Tiyambe (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=kjUHZrPBPPYC&pg=PA379#v=onepage&q=&f=false"><i>Encyclopedia of twentieth-century African history</i></a>. Taylor & Francis. p. 379. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/9780415234795" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/9780415234795"><bdi>9780415234795</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+twentieth-century+African+history&rft.pages=379&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9780415234795&rft.aulast=Zeleza&rft.aufirst=Tiyambe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.co.uk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkjUHZrPBPPYC%26pg%3DPA379%23v%3Donepage%26q%3D%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Cite_book" title="แม่แบบ:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">ไม่รู้จักพารามิเตอร์ <code class="cs1-code">|coauthor=</code> ถูกละเว้น แนะนำ (<code class="cs1-code">|author=</code>) (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:CS1_errors#parameter_ignored_suggest" class="mw-redirect" title="วิธีใช้:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">เข้าถึงจาก "<a dir="ltr" href="https://th.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=อึนจาเมนา&oldid=11875191">https://th.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=อึนจาเมนา&oldid=11875191</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" 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