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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Etimologi_dan_penggunaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etimologi_dan_penggunaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Etimologi dan penggunaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etimologi_dan_penggunaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Penggunaan_dalam_Kekristenan_awal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penggunaan_dalam_Kekristenan_awal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Penggunaan dalam Kekristenan awal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penggunaan_dalam_Kekristenan_awal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ikon" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ikon"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ikon</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ikon-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Theotokos</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 47 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teotokos" title="Teotokos – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Teotokos" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%87" title="والدة الإله – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="والدة الإله" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87" title="والدة الاله – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="والدة الاله" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xristianl%C4%B1qda_ana" title="Xristianlıqda ana – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Xristianlıqda ana" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godsmuada_(Begriffsklearung)" title="Godsmuada (Begriffsklearung) – Bavaria" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Godsmuada (Begriffsklearung)" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mare_de_D%C3%A9u" title="Mare de Déu – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mare de Déu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohorodi%C4%8Dka" title="Bohorodička – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bohorodička" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gottesgeb%C3%A4rerin" title="Gottesgebärerin – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gottesgebärerin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%B5%CE%BF%CF%84%CF%8C%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Θεοτόκος – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θεοτόκος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Theotokos" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dipatrino" title="Dipatrino – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Dipatrino" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Theotokos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jumalas%C3%BCnnitaja" title="Jumalasünnitaja – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jumalasünnitaja" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Theotokos" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3" title="تئوتوکوس – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تئوتوکوس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jumalansynnytt%C3%A4j%C3%A4" title="Jumalansynnyttäjä – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jumalansynnyttäjä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C3%A9otokos" title="Théotokos – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Théotokos" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogorodica" title="Bogorodica – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bogorodica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokosz" title="Theotokosz – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Theotokosz" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theot%C3%B3kos" title="Theotókos – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Theotókos" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E3%81%AE%E6%AF%8D" title="神の母 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="神の母" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%85%8C%EC%98%A4%ED%86%A0%EC%BD%94%EC%8A%A4" title="테오토코스 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="테오토코스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muttergottes" title="Muttergottes – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Muttergottes" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renin%27_Andriamanitra" title="Renin' Andriamanitra – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Renin' Andriamanitra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D" title="ദൈവമാതാവ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ദൈവമാതാവ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Theotokos" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Theotokos" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guds_mor" title="Guds mor – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Guds mor" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Theotokos" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matka_Bo%C5%BCa" title="Matka Boża – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Matka Boża" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Te%C3%B3toco" title="Teótoco – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Teótoco" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Theotokos" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Богоматеринство – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Богоматеринство" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogorodica_(titula)" title="Bogorodica (titula) – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bogorodica (titula)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Theotokos" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Theotokos" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marija_Bo%C5%BEja_mati" title="Marija Božja mati – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Marija Božja mati" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guds_moder" title="Guds moder – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Guds moder" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mama_wa_Mungu" title="Mama wa Mungu – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mama wa Mungu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D" title="இறைவனின் தாய் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இறைவனின் தாய்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2" title="พระมารดาพระเจ้า – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พระมารดาพระเจ้า" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Theotokos" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theotokos" title="Theotokos – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Theotokos" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8F" title="Богородиця – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Богородиця" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DA%BE%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B3" title="تھیوتوکوس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="تھیوتوکوس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%E1%BA%B9_Thi%C3%AAn_Ch%C3%BAa" title="Mẹ Thiên Chúa – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mẹ Thiên Chúa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%8B%E6%AF%8D" title="天主之母 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="天主之母" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q208542#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Theotokos" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Theotokos" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Theotokos"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Theotokos"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Theotokos" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Theotokos" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&oldid=26477432" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Theotokos&id=26477432&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTheotokos"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTheotokos"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Theotokos"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Theotokos&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Theotokos" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q208542" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Dialihkan dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bunda_Allah&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Bunda Allah">Bunda Allah</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Kazan_moscow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Kazan_moscow.jpg/220px-Kazan_moscow.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Kazan_moscow.jpg/330px-Kazan_moscow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Kazan_moscow.jpg/440px-Kazan_moscow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3069" data-file-height="3696" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ikon_Bunda_Maria_dari_Kazan" title="Ikon Bunda Maria dari Kazan">Theotokos dari Kazan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ikonografi" title="Ikonografi">ikonografi</a> tahun 1649.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26333518">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid 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0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse plainlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Bagian dari <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Gereja_Ortodoks_Timur" title="Kategori:Gereja Ortodoks Timur">seri</a> tentang</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks" class="mw-redirect" title="Gereja Ortodoks">Gereja Ortodoks Timur</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2744_x_2900_pixels_3.1_MB.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kristos Pantokrator (detail mosaik Deesis)"><img alt="Kristos Pantokrator (detail mosaik Deesis)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2744_x_2900_pixels_3.1_MB.jpg/140px-Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2744_x_2900_pixels_3.1_MB.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2744_x_2900_pixels_3.1_MB.jpg/210px-Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2744_x_2900_pixels_3.1_MB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2744_x_2900_pixels_3.1_MB.jpg/280px-Christ_Pantocrator_mosaic_from_Hagia_Sophia_2744_x_2900_pixels_3.1_MB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2744" data-file-height="2900" /></a></span><div class="sidebar-caption"><span style="font-size:90%;">Mosaik <a href="/wiki/Kristus_Pantokrator" title="Kristus Pantokrator">Kristos Pantokrator</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hagia_Sophia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hagia Sophia">Hagia Sofia</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color:gold"> Ikhtisar</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organisasi_Gereja_Ortodoks" title="Organisasi Gereja Ortodoks">Struktur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teologi_Kristen_Ortodoks_Timur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teologi Kristen Ortodoks Timur (halaman belum tersedia)">Teologi</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_teologi_Kristen_Ortodoks_Timur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah teologi Kristen Ortodoks Timur (halaman belum tersedia)">Sejarah teologi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peribadatan_Gereja_Ortodoks_Timur" title="Peribadatan Gereja Ortodoks Timur">Liturgi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Gereja_Ortodoks" title="Sejarah Gereja Ortodoks">Sejarah Gereja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misteri_Suci" class="mw-redirect" title="Misteri Suci">Misteri Suci</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teosis_(teologi_Kristen_Timur)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teosis (teologi Kristen Timur) (halaman belum tersedia)">Pandangan tentang keselamatan</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pandangan tentang Maria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikon_(Kristen_Timur)" title="Ikon (Kristen Timur)">Pandangan tentang ikon</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">Latar belakang</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.1em 0;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Penyaliban_dan_kematian_Yesus" title="Penyaliban dan kematian Yesus">Penyaliban</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kebangkitan_Yesus" title="Kebangkitan Yesus">Kebangkitan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kenaikan_Yesus_Kristus" title="Kenaikan Yesus Kristus">Kenaikan<br />Yesus</a></div></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kekristenan" title="Kekristenan">Agama Kristen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereja" title="Gereja">Gereja Kristen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suksesi_apostolik" title="Suksesi apostolik">Suksesi apostolik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empat_Ciri_Gereja" title="Empat Ciri Gereja">Empat Ciri Gereja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ortodoks" class="mw-redirect" title="Ortodoks">Ortodoksi</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><a href="/wiki/Organisasi_Gereja_Ortodoks" title="Organisasi Gereja Ortodoks">Organisasi</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Otokefali" title="Otokefali">Otokefali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kebatrikan" title="Kebatrikan">Kebatrikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriark_Ekumenis_Konstantinopel" title="Patriark Ekumenis Konstantinopel">Batrik Ekumenis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episkopal#Gereja_Ortodoks_Timur" title="Episkopal">Tatanan keuskupan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohaniwan#Rohaniwan_Kristen" title="Rohaniwan">Klerus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uskup_(Gereja_Ortodoks_Timur)" title="Uskup (Gereja Ortodoks Timur)">Uskup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbiter_(Gereja_Ortodoks)" title="Presbiter (Gereja Ortodoks)">Imam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diakon#Ortodoks_dan_Katolik_Timur" class="mw-redirect" title="Diakon">Diakon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monastisisme_Kristen_Timur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monastisisme Kristen Timur (halaman belum tersedia)">Monastisisme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tingkatan_monastisisme_Ortodoks_Timur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tingkatan monastisisme Ortodoks Timur (halaman belum tersedia)">Tingkatan monastisisme</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">Yurisdiksi <a href="/wiki/Otokefali" title="Otokefali">Otokefali</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kepatriarkan_Ekumenis_Konstantinopel" class="mw-redirect" title="Kepatriarkan Ekumenis Konstantinopel">Kepatriarkan Ekumenis Konstantinopel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Yunani_Aleksandria" title="Gereja Ortodoks Yunani Aleksandria">Aleksandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Yunani_Antiokhia" title="Gereja Ortodoks Yunani Antiokhia">Antiokhia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Yunani_Yerusalem" title="Gereja Ortodoks Yunani Yerusalem">Yerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Rusia" title="Gereja Ortodoks Rusia">Rusia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Serbia" title="Gereja Ortodoks Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Rumania" title="Gereja Ortodoks Rumania">Rumania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Bulgaria" title="Gereja Ortodoks Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Georgia" title="Gereja Ortodoks Georgia">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Siprus" title="Gereja Siprus">Siprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Yunani" title="Gereja Yunani">Yunani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Polandia" title="Gereja Ortodoks Polandia">Polandia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Albania" title="Gereja Ortodoks Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gereja_Ortodoks_Ceko_dan_Slowakia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gereja Ortodoks Ceko dan Slowakia (halaman belum tersedia)">Ceko dan Slowakia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gereja_Ortodoks_di_Amerika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gereja Ortodoks di Amerika (halaman belum tersedia)">Amerika Utara</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><a href="/wiki/Konsili_Ekumenis" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsili Ekumenis">Konsili Ekumenis</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tujuh_Konsili_Ekumenis_pertama" class="mw-redirect" title="Tujuh Konsili Ekumenis pertama">Tujuh Konsili Ekumenis</a>:</li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konsili_Nicea_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsili Nicea I">Ke-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konsili_Konstantinopel_I" title="Konsili Konstantinopel I">Ke-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konsili_Efesus" title="Konsili Efesus">Ke-3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konsili_Kalsedon" title="Konsili Kalsedon">Ke-4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konsili_Konstantinopel_II" title="Konsili Konstantinopel II">Ke-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konsili_Konstantinopel_III" title="Konsili Konstantinopel III">Ke-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konsili_Nicea_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsili Nicea II">Ke-7</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Konsili-konsili penting lainnya:</li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Konsili_Quinisextum" title="Konsili Quinisextum">Konsili Quinisextum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konsili_Konstantinopel_IV" class="mw-redirect" title="Konsili Konstantinopel IV">Konstantinopel IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konsili_Konstantinopel_V" title="Konsili Konstantinopel V">Konstantinopel V</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinode_Ia%C8%99i&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinode Iași (halaman belum tersedia)">Iași</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sinode_Yerusalem_(1672)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sinode Yerusalem (1672) (halaman belum tersedia)">Yerusalem</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Gereja_Ortodoks" title="Sejarah Gereja Ortodoks">Sejarah</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bapa_Gereja" title="Bapa Gereja">Bapa Gereja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentarki" title="Pentarki">Pentarki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi_Timur" title="Kekaisaran Romawi Timur">Imperium Bizantin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristenisasi_Bulgaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristenisasi Bulgaria">Kristenisasi Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristenisasi_Rus%27_Kiev" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristenisasi Rus' Kiev">Kristenisasi Rus' Kiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skisma_Timur%E2%80%93Barat" title="Skisma Timur–Barat">Skisma akbar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_Gereja_Ortodoks_Rusia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah Gereja Ortodoks Rusia (halaman belum tersedia)">Rusia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_Gereja_Ortodoks_Timur_di_bawah_Kesultanan_Utsmaniyah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah Gereja Ortodoks Timur di bawah Kesultanan Utsmaniyah (halaman belum tersedia)">Kemaharajaan Turki Usmani</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_Gereja_Ortodoks_Timur_di_Amerika_Utara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah Gereja Ortodoks Timur di Amerika Utara (halaman belum tersedia)">Amerika Utara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Indonesia" title="Gereja Ortodoks Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teologi_Kristen_Ortodoks_Timur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teologi Kristen Ortodoks Timur (halaman belum tersedia)">Teologi</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_teologi_Kristen_Ortodoks_Timur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah teologi Kristen Ortodoks Timur (halaman belum tersedia)">Sejarah teologi Ortodoks</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teologi_apofatis" title="Teologi apofatis">Apofatisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krisma" title="Krisma">Krisma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kontemplasi_Kristiani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kontemplasi Kristiani (halaman belum tersedia)">Doa kontemplasi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perbedaan_esensi%E2%80%93energi_(teologi_Ortodoks_Timur)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perbedaan esensi–energi (teologi Ortodoks Timur) (halaman belum tersedia)">Esensi vs. Energi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hesikasme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hesikasme (halaman belum tersedia)">Hesikasme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tritunggal" title="Tritunggal">Tritunggal Maha Kudus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persatuan_hipostatik" title="Persatuan hipostatik">Kemanunggalan hipostatis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikon_(Kristen_Timur)" title="Ikon (Kristen Timur)">Ikon</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metousiosis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Metousiosis (halaman belum tersedia)">Metousiosis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teologi_mistis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teologi mistis (halaman belum tersedia)">Teologi mistis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doa_Syahadat_Nicea" class="mw-redirect" title="Doa Syahadat Nicea">Syahadat Nicea</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nepsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nepsis (halaman belum tersedia)">Nepsis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekonomi_(agama)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekonomi (agama) (halaman belum tersedia)">Oikonomia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ousia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ousia (halaman belum tersedia)">Ousia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palamisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palamisme (halaman belum tersedia)">Palamisme</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Filokalia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Filokalia (halaman belum tersedia)">Filokalia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fronema&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fronema (halaman belum tersedia)">Fronema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandangan_Ortodoks_Timur_tentang_dosa" title="Pandangan Ortodoks Timur tentang dosa">Dosa</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teosis_(teologi_Ortodoks_Timur)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teosis (teologi Ortodoks Timur) (halaman belum tersedia)">Teosis</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Teotokos</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perbedaan_teologis_antara_Gereja_Katolik_dan_Gereja_Ortodoks_Timur" title="Perbedaan teologis antara Gereja Katolik dan Gereja Ortodoks Timur">Perbedaan dari Gereja Katolik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ajaran_Ortodoks_Timur_tentang_Filioque&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ajaran Ortodoks Timur tentang Filioque (halaman belum tersedia)">Penentangan <i>Filioque</i></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Penentangan_Ortodoks_Timur_terhadap_supremasi_kepausan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penentangan Ortodoks Timur terhadap supremasi kepausan (halaman belum tersedia)">Penentangan supremasi paus</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><a href="/wiki/Ibadat_Ortodoks_Timur" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibadat Ortodoks Timur">Liturgi dan peribadatan</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liturgi_Ilahi" title="Liturgi Ilahi">Liturgi Ilahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibadat_Ilahi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibadat Ilahi">Ibadat Ilahi</a></li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_suci_dalam_Kekristenan_Timur" title="Air suci dalam Kekristenan Timur">Air Suci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akatis" title="Akatis">Akatis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apolitikion" title="Apolitikion">Apolitikion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Artos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Artos (halaman belum tersedia)">Artos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doa_Yesus" title="Doa Yesus">Doa Yesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ektenes" title="Ektenes">Ektenes</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ekologion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ekologion (halaman belum tersedia)">Ekologion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibadat_peringatan_(Ortodoks)" title="Ibadat peringatan (Ortodoks)">Ibadat peringatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikonostasis" title="Ikonostasis">Ikonostasis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kenangan_Abadi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kenangan Abadi (halaman belum tersedia)">Kenangan Abadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khotbah_Paskah" title="Khotbah Paskah">Khotbah Paskah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kipas_liturgi_(Gereja_Ortodoks)" title="Kipas liturgi (Gereja Ortodoks)">Kipas liturgi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kontakion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kontakion (halaman belum tersedia)">Kontakion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liti_(Vesper_Ortodoks)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liti (Vesper Ortodoks) (halaman belum tersedia)">Liti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paraklesis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paraklesis (halaman belum tersedia)">Paraklesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turibulum#Orthodox_and_Eastern_Catholic_Rites" title="Turibulum">Pedupaan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembunyian_lonceng_Ortodoks_Rusia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembunyian lonceng Ortodoks Rusia (halaman belum tersedia)">Pembunyian lonceng Rusia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perarakan_masuk_(liturgi)" title="Perarakan masuk (liturgi)">Perarakan masuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pernikahan_dalam_Gereja_Ortodoks_Timur" title="Pernikahan dalam Gereja Ortodoks Timur">Perkawinan Ortodoks</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Praksis_(Ritus_Bizantium)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Praksis (Ritus Bizantium) (halaman belum tersedia)">Praksis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosfora" title="Prosfora">Prosfora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omoforion" title="Omoforion">Omoforion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salam_Paskah" title="Salam Paskah">Salam Paskah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Semantron (halaman belum tersedia)">Semantron</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stikeron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stikeron (halaman belum tersedia)">Stikeron</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sujud_dalam_Ortodoksi_Timur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sujud dalam Ortodoksi Timur (halaman belum tersedia)">Sujud Ortodoks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tali_doa" title="Tali doa">Tali doa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanda_Salib" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanda Salib">Tanda Salib</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Troparion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Troparion (halaman belum tersedia)">Troparion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Troparion_Paskah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Troparion Paskah (halaman belum tersedia)">Troparion Paskah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vestimentum#Vestimentum_Gereja_Timur" title="Vestimentum">Vestimen</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title"><a href="/wiki/Kalender_liturgi_Ortodoks_Timur" title="Kalender liturgi Ortodoks Timur">Penanggalan liturgi</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siklus_Paskah" title="Siklus Paskah">Siklus Paskah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perayaan_Agung_Gereja_Ortodoks" class="mw-redirect" title="Perayaan Agung Gereja Ortodoks">12 Perayaan Agung</a></li> <li>Perayaan lain:</li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perayaan_Ortodoksi" title="Perayaan Ortodoksi">Perayaan Ortodoksi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perantaraan_Theotokos" title="Perantaraan Theotokos">Perantaraan Theotokos</a></li></ul> </div> <ul><li>Empat masa puasa:</li></ul> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puasa_Natal" title="Puasa Natal">Puasa Natal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puasa_Agung" title="Puasa Agung">Puasa Agung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puasa_Para_Rasul" title="Puasa Para Rasul">Puasa Para Rasul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dormisi_Bunda_Allah" class="mw-redirect" title="Dormisi Bunda Allah">Puasa Dormisi</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">Tokoh besar</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athanasius" title="Athanasius">Atanasius dari Aleksandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efrem_orang_Siria" class="mw-redirect" title="Efrem orang Siria">Efrem dari Siria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basil_dari_Kaesarea" class="mw-redirect" title="Basil dari Kaesarea">Basilios dari Kaesarea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirilus_dari_Yerusalem" title="Sirilus dari Yerusalem">Kirilos dari Yerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorius_dari_Nazianzus" title="Gregorius dari Nazianzus">Gregorios dari Nazianzos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorius_dari_Nyssa" title="Gregorius dari Nyssa">Gregorios dari Nisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yohanes_Krisostomus" title="Yohanes Krisostomus">Yohanes Krisostomos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirilus_dari_Aleksandria" title="Sirilus dari Aleksandria">Kirilos dari Aleksandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yohanes_Klimakus" title="Yohanes Klimakus">Yohanes Klimakos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maksimus_Pengaku_Iman" title="Maksimus Pengaku Iman">Maksimus Pengaku Iman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yohanes_dari_Damaskus" title="Yohanes dari Damaskus">Yohanes dari Damaskus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodorus_Studita" title="Theodorus Studita">Teodoros dari Stoudios</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kasiani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kasiani (halaman belum tersedia)">Kasiani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirilus_dan_Metodius" title="Sirilus dan Metodius">Kirilos dan Metodios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photios_I_dari_Konstantinopel" class="mw-redirect" title="Photios I dari Konstantinopel">Fotios I dari Konstantinopel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorius_Palamas" title="Gregorius Palamas">Gregorios Palamas</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title">Topik lain</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arsitektur_gereja_Ortodoks_Timur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arsitektur gereja Ortodoks Timur (halaman belum tersedia)">Arsitektur</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ensiklik_Batrik-Batrik_Timur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ensiklik Batrik-Batrik Timur (halaman belum tersedia)">Ensiklik Batrik-Batrik Timur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salib_Ortodoks_Rusia" title="Salib Ortodoks Rusia">Salib Ortodoks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_gelar_orang_kudus_Ortodoks_Timur" title="Daftar gelar orang kudus Ortodoks Timur">Gelar orang kudus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ortodoks_Timur_menurut_negara" class="mw-redirect" title="Ortodoks Timur menurut negara">Statistik menurut negara</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Sidebar_Ortodoks_Timur" title="Templat:Sidebar Ortodoks Timur"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Sidebar_Ortodoks_Timur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Sidebar Ortodoks Timur (halaman belum tersedia)"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Sidebar_Ortodoks_Timur&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Theotokos</b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bahasa Yunani">bahasa Yunani</a>: <span lang="el">Θεοτόκος</span>, <i>Theotókos</i>; <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Latin" title="Bahasa Latin">bahasa Latin</a>: <span lang="la"><i>Dei Genitrix</i></span>; <i><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Suryani" title="Bahasa Suryani">bahasa Suryani</a>: <span lang="syr"></span></i>ܝܳܠܕܰܬ ܐܰܠܳܗܳܐ<i></i>, <i>Yoldat Alloho</i>; <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">bahasa Arab</a>: <span lang="ar">والدة الإله</span>, walidatul <a href="/wiki/Ilahi" title="Ilahi">ilah</a>) adalah salah satu gelar <a href="/wiki/Maria" title="Maria">Maria</a>, ibu <a href="/wiki/Yesus" title="Yesus">Yesus</a>, dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Yunani" title="Bahasa Yunani">bahasa Yunani</a> yang utamanya digunakan di <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Timur" title="Gereja Ortodoks Timur">Gereja Ortodoks Timur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Oriental" class="mw-redirect" title="Gereja Ortodoks Oriental">Gereja Ortodoks Oriental</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Ritus_Timur" class="mw-redirect" title="Ritus Timur">Gereja-Gereja Katolik Timur</a>. Terjemahan kata Theotokos secara <a href="/wiki/Harafiah" class="mw-redirect" title="Harafiah">harafiah</a> ke dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Indonesia" title="Bahasa Indonesia">Bahasa Indonesia</a> kurang lebih adalah "Yang Mengusung Allah", atau "Yang Melahirkan Allah"; terjemahan lainnya yang kurang harafiah adalah <b>Bunda Allah</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a>: <span lang="en"><i>Mother of God</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Latin" title="Bahasa Latin">bahasa Latin</a>: <span lang="la"><i>Mater Dei</i></span>). </p><p>Penggunaan paling awal dari gelar ini ditegaskan dalam <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Timur" class="mw-redirect" title="Gereja Timur">Gereja-Gereja Timur</a> dengan tradisi Syria, yang mana telah menggunakan gelar Theotokos dalam liturgi mereka sejak abad-abad awal: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liturgi_Mari_dan_Addai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liturgi Mari dan Addai (halaman belum tersedia)">Liturgi Mari dan Addai</a> (abad ke-3),<sup id="cite_ref-ODCC_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODCC-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan <a href="/wiki/Liturgi_Santo_Yakobus" title="Liturgi Santo Yakobus">Liturgi Santo Yakobus</a> (tahun 60).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Konsili_Efesus" title="Konsili Efesus">Konsili Efesus</a> pada <a href="/wiki/431" title="431">431</a>, menyatakan bahwa Maria adalah Theotokos karena Yesus puteranya adalah satu pribadi yang adalah <a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a> sekaligus <a href="/wiki/Manusia" title="Manusia">manusia</a>, illahi dan insani (lihat: <a href="/wiki/Persatuan_hipostatik" title="Persatuan hipostatik">Persatuan hipostatik</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Ephesus_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ephesus-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ccel.org_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ccel.org-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Katolik_Roma" class="mw-redirect" title="Katolik Roma">Katolik Roma</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Anglikanisme" title="Anglikanisme">Anglikanisme</a> pada umumnya lebih sering menggunakan gelar "Bunda Allah" daripada "Theotokos". <a href="/wiki/Lutheranisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheranisme">Lutheranisme</a> juga menghormati Maria sebagai Bunda Allah sebagaimana diungkapkan oleh pendirinya, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> gelar Bunda Allah secara resmi disebutkan dalam pengakuan di <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formula_of_Concord" class="extiw" title="en:Formula of Concord">Formula of Concord</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan diterima oleh <a href="/wiki/Federasi_Lutheran_se-Dunia" class="mw-redirect" title="Federasi Lutheran se-Dunia">Federasi Lutheran se-Dunia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etimologi_dan_penggunaan">Etimologi dan penggunaan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Etimologi dan penggunaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Etimologi dan penggunaan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Theotokos</i> adalah kata bentukan dari dua kata dalam Bahasa Yunani, Θεός <i><a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a></i> dan τόκος <i><a href="/wiki/Persalinan" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Persalinan">persalinan</a></i>. Secara harfiah diterjemahkan menjadi "pengusung Allah" atau "orang yang melahirkan Allah"; sejarawan Jaroslav Pelikan menerjemahkannya secara lebih tepat sebagai "orang yang melahirkan seseorang yang adalah Allah".<sup id="cite_ref-pelikan_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pelikan-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Namun karena umat Ortodoks merasa terjemahan harafiah tersebut janggal, maka dalam penggunaan <a href="/wiki/Liturgi" title="Liturgi">liturgis</a>, <i>Theotokos</i> sering kali tidak diterjemahkan, atau diparafrasekan sebagai <i>Bunda Allah</i>. Gelar <i>Bunda Allah</i> sendiri merupakan terjemahan harafiah dari suatu gelar lain Maria dalam Bahasa Yunani, Μήτηρ Θεού (transliterasi: <i>Mētēr Theou</i>). <i>Bunda Allah</i> juga merupakan terjemahan akurat dari kata Yunani Θεομήτωρ (transliterasi: <i>Theomētor</i>; ataupun Θεομήτηρ, transliterasi: <i>Theomētēr</i>) dan Μητρόθεος (transliterasi: <i>Mētrotheos</i>) yang mana dapat ditemukan dalam naskah-naskah liturgis dan <a href="/wiki/Patristik" title="Patristik">patristik</a>, misalnya: </p> <blockquote> <p>... [80] περιφανῶς ἡ ἱερὰ <b>θεομήτωρ</b> ἐξετέλει ... [109] ἐκφαντικώτατά σε τὴν <b>θεοτόκον</b> προσημαίνουσαν ...<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </blockquote> <p>Dalam banyak tradisi, <i>Theotokos</i> diterjemahkan dari Bahasa Yunani ke dalam bahasa liturgis setempat. Di antaranya adalah ke dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Latin" title="Bahasa Latin">Bahasa Latin</a>, (<i>Deipara</i>, <i>Dei Genetrix</i> dan, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mater_Dei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mater Dei (halaman belum tersedia)">Mater Dei</a></i>), <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Slavia_Gereja" title="Bahasa Slavia Gereja">Bahasa Slavonika Gereja</a> (Богородица translit. <i>Bogoroditsa</i>), <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Koptik" title="Bahasa Koptik">Bahasa Koptik</a> ( Ϯⲑⲉⲟⲧⲟⲕⲟⲥ, transliterasi: <i>Ti.Theotokós</i>), <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Bahasa Arab</a> (والدة الله transliterasi: <i>Wālidat Allah</i>), <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Georgia" title="Bahasa Georgia">Bahasa Georgia</a> (ღვთისმშობელი transliterasi: <i>Ghvtismshobeli</i>), <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Armenia" title="Bahasa Armenia">Bahasa Armenia</a> (Աստվածամայր transliterasi: <i>Astvatzamayr</i> atau Աստվածածին transliterasi: <i>Astvadzatzin</i>), dan <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Romania" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahasa Romania">bahasa Romania</a> (<i>Născătoare de Dumnezeu</i> atau <i>Maica Domnului</i>). </p><p>"Bunda Allah" sering kali digunakan sebagai terjemahan (yang kurang tepat) dari "Theotokos", dan dalam penggunaan istilah tersebut perlu dicatat bahwa Maria tidak menciptakan pribadi ilahi Yesus, yang ada bersama <a href="/wiki/Allah_Bapa" title="Allah Bapa">Bapa</a> dalam kekekalan,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Maria bukanlah sumber keilahian <a href="/wiki/Allah_Putera" class="mw-redirect" title="Allah Putera">Putera</a>-nya.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dengan kata lain, dalam tradisi Ortodoks dan Katolik, gelar "Bunda Allah" tidaklah dimaksudkan untuk dipahami sebagai rujukan kepada Maria sebagai ibu Allah dari kekekalan — yakni ibu Allah Bapa — tetapi hanyalah merujuk pada saat <a href="/wiki/Kelahiran_Yesus" title="Kelahiran Yesus">kelahiran Yesus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Inkarnasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Inkarnasi">Inkarnasi</a>). Keterbatasan makna dari gelar "Bunda Allah" seharusnya dipahami oleh orang yang menggunakan istilah tersebut. Agar lebih jelas dan eksplisit, terkadang diterjemahkan sebagai "Bunda Allah yang Menjelma" (<i>Mother of God Incarnate</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Penggunaan_dalam_Kekristenan_awal">Penggunaan dalam Kekristenan awal</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Penggunaan dalam Kekristenan awal" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Penggunaan dalam Kekristenan awal"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Santo" title="Santo">Santo</a> <a href="/wiki/Athanasius_dari_Aleksandria" class="mw-redirect" title="Athanasius dari Aleksandria">Athanasius dari Aleksandria</a> (tahun 330), Santo <a href="/wiki/Gregorius_dari_Nazianzus" title="Gregorius dari Nazianzus">Gregorius dari Nazianzus</a> (tahun 370), Santo <a href="/wiki/Yohanes_Krisostomus" title="Yohanes Krisostomus">Yohanes Krisostomus</a> (tahun 400), dan Santo <a href="/wiki/Agustinus_dari_Hippo" title="Agustinus dari Hippo">Agustinus dari Hippo</a> tercatat menggunakan istilah <i>Theotokos</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Sub_tuum_praesidium" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub tuum praesidium">Sub tuum praesidium</a>, suatu <a href="/wiki/Himne" title="Himne">himne</a> yang berasal dari <a href="/wiki/Gereja_Ortodoks_Koptik" class="mw-redirect" title="Gereja Ortodoks Koptik">Gereja Ortodoks Koptik</a> (diperkirakan tahun 250), merujuk Maria sebagai <i>Theotokos</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ikon">Ikon</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Ikon" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Ikon"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Vladimirskaya.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theotokos dari Vladimir"><img alt="Theotokos dari Vladimir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Vladimirskaya.jpg/80px-Vladimirskaya.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Vladimirskaya.jpg/120px-Vladimirskaya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Vladimirskaya.jpg/161px-Vladimirskaya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="456" data-file-height="681" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos_dari_Vladimir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theotokos dari Vladimir (halaman belum tersedia)">Theotokos dari Vladimir</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_12._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bunda Allah, ikon mosaik, Hagia Sophia"><img alt="Bunda Allah, ikon mosaik, Hagia Sophia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_12._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg/100px-Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_12._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_12._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg/150px-Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_12._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_12._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg/200px-Byzantinischer_Mosaizist_des_12._Jahrhunderts_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1576" data-file-height="1893" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Bunda Allah</i>, ikon mosaik, <a href="/wiki/Hagia_Sophia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hagia Sophia">Hagia Sophia</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Fedorovskaya.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theotokos dari St. Theodorus"><img alt="Theotokos dari St. Theodorus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Fedorovskaya.jpg/91px-Fedorovskaya.jpg" decoding="async" width="91" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Fedorovskaya.jpg/137px-Fedorovskaya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Fedorovskaya.jpg/182px-Fedorovskaya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos_dari_St._Theodorus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Theotokos dari St. Theodorus (halaman belum tersedia)">Theotokos dari St. Theodorus</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Svenskaya.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Theotokos Panachranta dari Biara Svensky, karya St. Alypios dari Kiev"><img alt="Theotokos Panachranta dari Biara Svensky, karya St. Alypios dari Kiev" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Svenskaya.jpg/78px-Svenskaya.jpg" decoding="async" width="78" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Svenskaya.jpg/117px-Svenskaya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Svenskaya.jpg/157px-Svenskaya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="294" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Theotokos Panachranta</i> dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Biara_Svensky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Biara Svensky (halaman belum tersedia)">Biara Svensky</a>, karya St. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alypios_dari_Kiev&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alypios dari Kiev (halaman belum tersedia)">Alypios dari Kiev</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Vlahernskaya.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ikon Blachernae melukiskan Theotokos"><img alt="Ikon Blachernae melukiskan Theotokos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Vlahernskaya.jpg/93px-Vlahernskaya.jpg" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Vlahernskaya.jpg/140px-Vlahernskaya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Vlahernskaya.jpg/187px-Vlahernskaya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="351" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blachernitissa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blachernitissa (halaman belum tersedia)">Ikon Blachernae</a> melukiskan Theotokos</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bunda_Gereja" title="Bunda Gereja">Bunda Gereja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dikandung_Tanpa_Noda" title="Dikandung Tanpa Noda">Dikandung Tanpa Noda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keperawanan_abadi_Maria" title="Keperawanan abadi Maria">Keperawanan abadi Maria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Diangkat_ke_Surga" title="Maria Diangkat ke Surga">Maria Diangkat ke Surga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariologi" title="Mariologi">Mariologi</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ODCC-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ODCC_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <cite id="CITEREFCross,_F._L.2005" class="citation">Cross, F. L., ed. (2005), "Liturgy of Addai and Mari", <i>The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church</i>, Oxford University Press</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Liturgy+of+Addai+and+Mari&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+the+Christian+Church&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATheotokos" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131106084641/http://www.kaldu.org/14_Reformed_ChaldeanMass/PeopleBook_Eng.html">"Book for people in English"</a>. Kaldu.org. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kaldu.org/14_Reformed_ChaldeanMass/PeopleBook_Eng.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2013-11-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2013-11-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Book+for+people+in+English&rft.pub=Kaldu.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kaldu.org%2F14_Reformed_ChaldeanMass%2FPeopleBook_Eng.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATheotokos" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <cite id="CITEREFJohn_Witvliet1997" class="citation">John Witvliet (1997), "The Anaphora of St. James", dalam F. Bradshaw, <i>Essays on Early Eastern Eucharistic Prayers</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Anaphora+of+St.+James&rft.btitle=Essays+on+Early+Eastern+Eucharistic+Prayers&rft.date=1997&rft.au=John+Witvliet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATheotokos" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/0717.htm">"Church Fathers: Divine Liturgy of St. James"</a>. Newadvent.org.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Church+Fathers%3A+Divine+Liturgy+of+St.+James&rft.pub=Newadvent.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Ffathers%2F0717.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATheotokos" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ephesus-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ephesus_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <i>Mary, Mother of God</i> by Carl E. Braaten and Robert W. Jenson 2004 <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0802822665" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 0-8028-2266-5</a> page 84</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ccel.org-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ccel.org_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf214.x.xvi.i.html">"NPNF2-14. The Seven Ecumenical Councils - Christian Classics Ethereal Library"</a>. Ccel.org. 2005-06-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2012-10-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=NPNF2-14.+The+Seven+Ecumenical+Councils+-+Christian+Classics+Ethereal+Library&rft.pub=Ccel.org&rft.date=2005-06-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccel.org%2Fccel%2Fschaff%2Fnpnf214.x.xvi.i.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATheotokos" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <cite class="citation book">Basely, Joel R. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XfLCU2Nkxa8C"><i>Festival Sermons of Martin Luther</i></a>. Dearborn, Michigan: Mark V Publiscations. hlm. 167. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-9652403-1-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-9652403-1-2">0-9652403-1-2</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Festival+Sermons+of+Martin+Luther&rft.place=Dearborn%2C+Michigan&rft.pages=167&rft.pub=Mark+V+Publiscations&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-9652403-1-2&rft.aulast=Basely&rft.aufirst=Joel+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXfLCU2Nkxa8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATheotokos" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <cite id="CITEREFTheodore_G._Tappert" class="citation">Theodore G. Tappert, "Solid Declaration, article VIII.24", <i>The Book of Concord: The Confessions of the Evangelical Lutheran Church</i> (edisi ke-1959), Philadelphia: Fortress Press, hlm. 595</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Solid+Declaration%2C+article+VIII.24&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+Concord%3A+The+Confessions+of+the+Evangelical+Lutheran+Church&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pages=595&rft.edition=1959&rft.pub=Fortress+Press&rft.au=Theodore+G.+Tappert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATheotokos" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <cite class="citation">"The Ecumenical Councils and Authority in and of the Church", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lutheranworld.org/sites/default/files/1993-Lutheran_Orthodox_Dialogue-EN.pdf"><i>7th Plenary in Sandbjerg, Denmark</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>, The Lutheran World Federation, 10 July 1993</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Ecumenical+Councils+and+Authority+in+and+of+the+Church&rft.btitle=7th+Plenary+in+Sandbjerg%2C+Denmark&rft.pub=The+Lutheran+World+Federation&rft.date=1993-07-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lutheranworld.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F1993-Lutheran_Orthodox_Dialogue-EN.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATheotokos" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pelikan-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pelikan_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <cite class="citation book">Pelikan, Jaroslav (1998). <i>Mary Through the Centuries</i>. Yale University Press. hlm. 55. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-300-07661-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-300-07661-5">978-0-300-07661-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mary+Through+the+Centuries&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-300-07661-5&rft.aulast=Pelikan&rft.aufirst=Jaroslav&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATheotokos" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Yunani" lang="Yunani">(Yunani)</span><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Latin" lang="Latin">(Latin)</span> <i>On Martyrs: Speech on <a href="/wiki/Simeon_(orang_saleh)" title="Simeon (orang saleh)">Simeon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anna" title="Anna">Anne</a>, at the day of the Presentation</i>, and the Holy Theotokos. <cite class="citation book">Saint Methodius of Olympus (1865). Albert Jahnius, ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=D146LnZuSWQC"><i>S. Methodii Opera Et S. Methodius Platonizans</i></a>. Pars I. Halis Saxonum, C.E.M. Pfeffer. hlm. 109, 110.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=S.+Methodii+Opera+Et+S.+Methodius+Platonizans&rft.pages=109%2C+110&rft.pub=Halis+Saxonum%2C+C.E.M.+Pfeffer&rft.date=1865&rft.au=Saint+Methodius+of+Olympus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DD146LnZuSWQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATheotokos" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <cite id="CITEREFFather_William_Saunders1994" class="citation">Father William Saunders (December 22, 1994), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ewtn.com/faith/teachings/maryc1.htm"><i>Mary, Mother of God</i></a>, The Arlington Catholic Herald (retrieved from EWTN)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mary%2C+Mother+of+God&rft.pub=The+Arlington+Catholic+Herald+%28retrieved+from+EWTN%29&rft.date=1994-12-22&rft.au=Father+William+Saunders&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewtn.com%2Ffaith%2Fteachings%2Fmaryc1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATheotokos" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161213155713/http://www.catholic.com/tracts/mary-mother-of-god"><i>Mary: Mother of God</i></a>, Nihil obstat by Bernadeane Carr, STL; Imprimatur by Robert H. Brom, Bishop of San Diego, Catholic Answers, August 10, 2004, diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic.com/tracts/mary-mother-of-god">versi asli</a> tanggal 2016-12-13<span class="reference-accessdate">, diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2015-07-02</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mary%3A+Mother+of+God&rft.pub=Catholic+Answers&rft.date=2004-08-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholic.com%2Ftracts%2Fmary-mother-of-god&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATheotokos" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> "We recognize the Blessed Virgin Mary as the Theotókos, the mother of God incarnate, and so observe her festivals and accord her honour among the saints." <i>Mary: Grace and Hope in Christ</i> by the Anglican-Roman Catholic International Commission (ARCIC II)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121008063042/http://egolpion.com/term_theotokos_.en.aspx">"The rejection of the term Theotokos by Nestorius Constantinople and the refutation of his teaching by Cyril of Alexandria"</a>. Egolpion.com. 2012-06-24. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.egolpion.com/term_theotokos_.en.aspx">versi asli</a> tanggal 2012-10-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2015-07-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+rejection+of+the+term+Theotokos+by+Nestorius+Constantinople+and+the+refutation+of+his+teaching+by+Cyril+of+Alexandria&rft.pub=Egolpion.com&rft.date=2012-06-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.egolpion.com%2Fterm_theotokos_.en.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATheotokos" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-size:0.95em; font-weight:bold; color:#777; cursor:help;" title="Bahasa Inggris" lang="Inggris">(Inggris)</span> <cite class="citation web">Tribe, Shawn (2011-02-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newliturgicalmovement.org/2011/02/sub-tuum-praesidium.html">"The Sub Tuum Praesidium"</a>. New Liturgical Movement.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Sub+Tuum+Praesidium&rft.pub=New+Liturgical+Movement&rft.date=2011-02-03&rft.aulast=Tribe&rft.aufirst=Shawn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newliturgicalmovement.org%2F2011%2F02%2Fsub-tuum-praesidium.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ATheotokos" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theotokos&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23035139">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782729">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Theotokos" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Theotokos"><span style="">Theotokos</span></a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orthodoxwiki.org/Theotokos">Artikel Theotokos</a> di <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orthodoxwiki.org/"><i>Orthodox Wiki</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.anchorite.org/blog/2007/08/06/resources-on-the-theotokos/">Sumber-sumber mengenai Theotokos</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928055858/http://www.anchorite.org/blog/2007/08/06/resources-on-the-theotokos/">Diarsipkan</a> 2007-09-28 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.i-m-patron.gr/agiosnektarios/keimeno5.htm">Studi tentang Bunda Tuhan Sang Theotokos Tersuci dan Sang Perawan-Lestari Maria</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060719115442/http://www.i-m-patron.gr/agiosnektarios/keimeno5.htm">Diarsipkan</a> 2006-07-19 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. oleh St. Nektarios (dalam Bahasa Yunani)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orthodoxworld.ru/english/icona/9/index.htm">Ikon-ikon Theotokos, situs-web Orthodox World</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071029040738/http://www.orthodoxworld.ru/english/icona/9/index.htm">Diarsipkan</a> 2007-10-29 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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