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</div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Family-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Family subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Origin" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origin"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Origin</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origin-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relationship_to_Mentuhotep_IV" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relationship_to_Mentuhotep_IV"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Relationship to Mentuhotep IV</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relationship_to_Mentuhotep_IV-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wife_and_children" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wife_and_children"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Wife and children</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wife_and_children-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_reign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_reign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Early reign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_reign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Name" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Name"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Name</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Name-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pyramid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pyramid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Pyramid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pyramid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Assassination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Assassination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Assassination</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Assassination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Succession" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Succession"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Succession</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Succession-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Officials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Officials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Officials</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Officials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_adaptation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_adaptation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Modern adaptation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_adaptation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" 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id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 46 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhat_I" title="Amenemhat I – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Amenemhat I" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%98%E1%8A%90%E1%88%9D%E1%88%83%E1%89%B5" title="1 አመነምሃት – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1 አመነምሃት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%86%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84" title="أمنمحات الأول – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أمنمحات الأول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/I_Amenemhet" title="I Amenemhet – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="I Amenemhet" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%82_I" title="Аменемхет I – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аменемхет I" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%82_I" title="Аменемхет I – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Аменемхет I" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhet_I" title="Amenemhet I – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Amenemhet I" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%82_I" title="Аменемхет I – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аменемхет I" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhet_I." title="Amenemhet I. – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Amenemhet I." data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhet_I." title="Amenemhet I. – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Amenemhet I." data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhat_I" title="Amenemhat I – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Amenemhat I" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhat_I.a" title="Amenemhat I.a – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Amenemhat I.a" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D9%86%D9%85%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AA_%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%85" title="آمنمهات یکم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آمنمهات یکم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhat_Ier" title="Amenemhat Ier – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Amenemhat Ier" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%A9%94%EB%84%B4%ED%97%A4%ED%8A%B8_1%EC%84%B8" title="아메넴헤트 1세 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아메넴헤트 1세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%B4%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%A9_I" title="Ամենեմհաթ I – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ամենեմհաթ I" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhat_I." title="Amenemhat I. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Amenemhat I." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhat_I" title="Amenemhat I – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Amenemhat I" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhat_I" title="Amenemhat I – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Amenemhat I" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9F" title="אמנמחת הראשון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אמנמחת הראשון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%B0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2_I" title="ამენემჰეტ I – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ამენემჰეტ I" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemis_I" title="Amenemis I – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Amenemis I" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._Amenemhat" title="I. Amenemhat – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="I. Amenemhat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%82_I" title="Аменемхет I – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Аменемхет I" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84" title="امنمحات الاول – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="امنمحات الاول" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhat_I" title="Amenemhat I – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Amenemhat I" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%82%A8%E3%83%A0%E3%83%8F%E3%83%881%E4%B8%96" title="アメンエムハト1世 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アメンエムハト1世" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhat_I" title="Amenemhat I – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Amenemhat I" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemxet_I" title="Amenemxet I – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Amenemxet I" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhat_I" title="Amenemhat I – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Amenemhat I" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenem%C3%A9s_I" title="Amenemés I – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Amenemés I" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%82_I" title="Аменемхет I – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аменемхет I" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhet_I." title="Amenemhet I. – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Amenemhet I." data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhet_I." title="Amenemhet I. – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Amenemhet I." data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%82_I" title="Аменемхет I – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Аменемхет I" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhat_I" title="Amenemhat I – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Amenemhat I" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhet_I" title="Amenemhet I – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Amenemhet I" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhet_I" title="Amenemhet I – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Amenemhet I" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhat_I" title="Amenemhat I – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Amenemhat I" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B9%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D" title="முதலாம் அமெனம்ஹத் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="முதலாம் அமெனம்ஹத்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_1" title="ฟาโรห์อเมเนมเฮตที่ 1 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ฟาโรห์อเมเนมเฮตที่ 1" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._Amenemhat" title="I. Amenemhat – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="I. Amenemhat" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%85%D0%B5%D1%82_I" title="Аменемхет I – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аменемхет I" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhat_I" title="Amenemhat I – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Amenemhat I" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amenemhat_1k" title="Amenemhat 1k – Yoruba" lang="yo" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Founding Pharaoh of twelfth dynasty of Egypt</div> <dl><dd><i>See <a href="/wiki/Amenemhat_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Amenemhat (disambiguation)">Amenemhat</a>, for other individuals with this name.</i></dd></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#decd87;font-size:125%;">Amenemhat I</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader nickname">Ammenemes I</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Lintel_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Deities_MET_DP322055.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Relief of Amenemhat I from his pyramid complex at El-Lisht"><img alt="A relief depicting the king and his name in cartouche" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Lintel_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Deities_MET_DP322055.jpg/220px-Lintel_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Deities_MET_DP322055.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Lintel_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Deities_MET_DP322055.jpg/330px-Lintel_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Deities_MET_DP322055.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Lintel_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Deities_MET_DP322055.jpg/440px-Lintel_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Deities_MET_DP322055.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2908" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Relief of Amenemhat I from his pyramid complex at El-Lisht</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#decd87; line-height:normal; padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">Pharaoh</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em"><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_chronology" title="Egyptian chronology">Reign</a></th><td class="infobox-data">29 years according to the <a href="/wiki/Turin_Canon" class="mw-redirect" title="Turin Canon">Turin Canon</a> but at least 30 years, in the 20th century BC.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2006174_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneider2006174-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_IV" title="Mentuhotep IV">Mentuhotep IV</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Senusret_I" title="Senusret I">Senusret I</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsible-leftside-toggle mw-collapsed" style="width:100%;margin:0;border:0;padding:0;"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center; background:#decd87; line-height:normal; padding:0.2em; display:block;margin-bottom:0.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Royal titulary</a></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-bottom:2px solid #decd87;"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#e9deaf;"><a href="/wiki/Horus_name" title="Horus name">Horus name</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td><i>sḥtp–ỉb-tꜣwy</i> <br /> <b>Sehetep-ib-tawy</b> <br /> The one who has propitiated the mind of the Two Lands<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> <div class="center"><table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:10px;"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-right:4px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G5.png?bcb90" height="38" title="G5" alt="G5" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td height="48px" width="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr><tr> <td height="46" style="padding:0 5px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_S29.png?58979" height="38" title="S29" alt="S29" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_R8.png?c3d74" height="27" title="R8" alt="R8" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_F34.png?6be6f" height="12" title="F34" alt="F34" /></td> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N17.png?35167" height="6" title="N17" alt="N17" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N17.png?35167" height="6" title="N17" alt="N17" /></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/50px-Srxtail2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/75px-Srxtail2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/100px-Srxtail2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table></div> <br /> <i>wḥm-mswt</i> <br /> <b>Wehem-mesut</b> <br /> The one who has repeated births<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201358_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon201358-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> <div class="center"><table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:10px;"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-right:4px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G5.png?bcb90" height="38" title="G5" alt="G5" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td height="48px" width="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr><tr> <td height="46" style="padding:0 5px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_F25.png?e9a53" height="21" title="F25" alt="F25" /> <img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_F31.png?4e74e" height="21" title="F31" alt="F31" /> <img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G43.png?6eb40" height="21" title="G43" alt="G43" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_X1.png?f2a8c" height="5" title="X1" alt="X1" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_S12.png?46f50" height="10" title="S12" alt="S12" /></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/50px-Srxtail2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/75px-Srxtail2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Srxtail2.svg/100px-Srxtail2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div></td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#e9deaf;"><a href="/wiki/Nebty_name" title="Nebty name">Nebty name</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td><i>sḥtp–ỉb-tꜣwy</i> <br /> <b>Sehetep-ib-tawy</b> <br /> The one who has propitiated the mind of the Two Lands<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> <div class="center"><table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:4px 10px;"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-right:6px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G16.png?dbf15" height="38" title="G16" alt="G16" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> <td height="45" style="padding:0;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_S29.png?58979" height="38" title="S29" alt="S29" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_R8.png?c3d74" height="27" title="R8" alt="R8" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_F34.png?6be6f" height="12" title="F34" alt="F34" /></td> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N17.png?35167" height="6" title="N17" alt="N17" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N17.png?35167" height="6" title="N17" alt="N17" /></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table></div> <br /> <i>wḥm-mswt</i> <br /> <b>Wehem-mesut</b> <br /> The one who has repeated births<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201358_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon201358-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> <div class="center"><table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:4px 10px;"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-right:6px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G16.png?dbf15" height="38" title="G16" alt="G16" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> <td height="45" style="padding:0;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_F25.png?e9a53" height="21" title="F25" alt="F25" /> <img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_F31.png?4e74e" height="21" title="F31" alt="F31" /> <img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G43.png?6eb40" height="21" title="G43" alt="G43" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_X1.png?f2a8c" height="5" title="X1" alt="X1" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_S12.png?46f50" height="10" title="S12" alt="S12" /></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div></td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#e9deaf;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary#Horus_of_Gold" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Golden Horus</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td><i>smꜣ</i> <br /> <b>Sema</b> <br /> The uniter<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> <div class="center"><table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:4px 10px;"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-right:6px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G8.png?a8843" height="38" title="G8" alt="G8" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> <td height="45" style="padding:0;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_F36.png?f8a0e" height="26" title="F36" alt="F36" /> <img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G1.png?4d556" height="26" title="G1" alt="G1" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_S12.png?46f50" height="13" title="S12" alt="S12" /></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <br /> <i>wḥm-mswt</i> <br /> <b>Wehem-mesut</b> <br /> The one who has repeated births<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201358_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon201358-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <br /> <div class="center"><table> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:4px 10px;"> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding-right:6px;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G8.png?a8843" height="38" title="G8" alt="G8" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> <td height="45" style="padding:0;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_F25.png?e9a53" height="21" title="F25" alt="F25" /> <img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_F31.png?4e74e" height="21" title="F31" alt="F31" /> <img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G43.png?6eb40" height="21" title="G43" alt="G43" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_X1.png?f2a8c" height="5" title="X1" alt="X1" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_S12.png?46f50" height="10" title="S12" alt="S12" /></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#e9deaf;"><a href="/wiki/Prenomen_(Ancient_Egypt)" title="Prenomen (Ancient Egypt)">Praenomen</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td><i>sḥtp–ỉb–rꜥ</i> <br /> <b>Sehetep-ib-re</b> <br /> The one who has propitiated the mind of Re<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td class="center"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="{{{align}}}" style="padding:5px;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_M23.png?e2674" height="38" title="M23" alt="M23" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_L2.png?ff0ae" height="38" title="L2" alt="L2" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:5px;"></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/17px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/26px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/34px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr><tr> <td height="45" style="padding:0;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N5.png?08eb7" height="18" title="N5" alt="N5" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_S29.png?58979" height="38" title="S29" alt="S29" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_R4.png?60956" height="15" title="R4" alt="R4" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_F34.png?6be6f" height="17" title="F34" alt="F34" /></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/21px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/32px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/42px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="21" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#e9deaf;"><a href="/wiki/Nomen_(ancient_Egypt)" title="Nomen (ancient Egypt)">Nomen</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table width="100%"> <tbody><tr><td><i>ỉmn-m-ḥꜣt</i> <br /> <b>Imen-em-hat</b> <br /> Amun is at the forefront<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td class="center"> <table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="{{{align}}}" style="padding:5px;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G39.png?eb053" height="38" title="G39" alt="G39" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N5.png?08eb7" height="18" title="N5" alt="N5" /><br /></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;padding:5px;"></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"> <tbody><tr> <td> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/17px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/26px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Hiero_Ca1.svg/34px-Hiero_Ca1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="17" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> <td> <table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr><tr> <td height="45" style="padding:0;"> <table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_M17.png?2e70b" height="38" title="M17" alt="M17" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_Y5.png?381eb" height="13" title="Y5" alt="Y5" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N35.png?fcc27" height="5" title="N35" alt="N35" /></td> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_G17.png?3741e" height="38" title="G17" alt="G17" /></td><td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_F4.png?7f65e" height="23" title="F4" alt="F4" /><br /><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_X1.png?f2a8c" height="11" title="X1" alt="X1" /></td> </tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr> <td height="2px" style="background-color:black; color:inherit;"></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td></td> <td style="text-align:center;text-valign:middle;"> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/21px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/32px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Hiero_Ca2.svg/42px-Hiero_Ca2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="21" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Consort</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Neferitatjenen" title="Neferitatjenen">Neferitatjenen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Children</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Senusret_I" title="Senusret I">Senusret I</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neferu_III" title="Neferu III">Neferu III</a>, Neferusherit, Kayet</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Father</th><td class="infobox-data">Senusret</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data">Neferet</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Burial</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pyramid_of_Amenemhat_I" title="Pyramid of Amenemhat I">Pyramid at el-Lisht</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em">Dynasty</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelfth Dynasty">Twelfth Dynasty</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cartouche_of_the_birth_name,_or_nomen,_of_Amenemhat_I,_detail_of_a_wall-block_from_Koptos.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Cartouche_of_the_birth_name%2C_or_nomen%2C_of_Amenemhat_I%2C_detail_of_a_wall-block_from_Koptos.jpg/250px-Cartouche_of_the_birth_name%2C_or_nomen%2C_of_Amenemhat_I%2C_detail_of_a_wall-block_from_Koptos.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Cartouche_of_the_birth_name%2C_or_nomen%2C_of_Amenemhat_I%2C_detail_of_a_wall-block_from_Koptos.jpg/330px-Cartouche_of_the_birth_name%2C_or_nomen%2C_of_Amenemhat_I%2C_detail_of_a_wall-block_from_Koptos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Cartouche_of_the_birth_name%2C_or_nomen%2C_of_Amenemhat_I%2C_detail_of_a_wall-block_from_Koptos.jpg/500px-Cartouche_of_the_birth_name%2C_or_nomen%2C_of_Amenemhat_I%2C_detail_of_a_wall-block_from_Koptos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4016" data-file-height="6016" /></a><figcaption>Cartouche of the birth name, or nomen, of Amenemhat I (<big>𓇋𓏠𓈖𓅓𓄂𓏏</big>), detail of a wall-block from Koptos</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Amenemhat I</b> (<a href="/wiki/Egyptian_language" title="Egyptian language">Ancient Egyptian</a>: <i>Ỉmn-m-ḥꜣt</i> meaning 'Amun is at the forefront'), also known as <b>Amenemhet I</b>, was a <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">pharaoh</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">ancient Egypt</a> and the first king of the <a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt">Twelfth Dynasty</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Middle Kingdom of Egypt">Middle Kingdom</a>. </p><p>Amenemhat I was probably the same as the vizier named Amenemhat who led an expedition to <a href="/wiki/Wadi_Hammamat" title="Wadi Hammamat">Wadi Hammamat</a> under his predecessor <a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_IV" title="Mentuhotep IV">Mentuhotep IV</a>, and possibly overthrew him from power.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholars differ as to whether Mentuhotep IV was killed by Amenemhat I, but there is no independent evidence to suggest this and there may even have been a period of co-regency between their reigns.<sup id="cite_ref-E._Hornung,_p50_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-E._Hornung,_p50-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Amenemhat I was not of royal lineage, born to Senusret and Nefert who were possibly related to the <a href="/wiki/Nomarch" title="Nomarch">nomarchial</a> family of <a href="/wiki/Elephantine" title="Elephantine">Elephantine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The composition of some literary works (the <i><a href="/wiki/Prophecy_of_Neferti" title="Prophecy of Neferti">Prophecy of Neferti</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <i><a href="/wiki/Instructions_of_Amenemhat" title="Instructions of Amenemhat">Instructions of Amenemhat</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-M._Lichtheim,_p.135_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M._Lichtheim,_p.135-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) and, in architecture, the reversion to the <a href="/wiki/Pyramid" title="Pyramid">pyramid</a>-style complexes of the <a href="/wiki/Sixth_dynasty_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Sixth dynasty of Egypt">6th dynasty</a> rulers are often considered to have been attempts at legitimizing his rule. Texts from the period mention his mother being from the Upper Egyptian nome <a href="/wiki/Ta-Seti" title="Ta-Seti">Ta-Seti</a>. Many scholars in recent years have argued that Amenemhat I's mother was of Nubian origin.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Amenemhat I moved the capital from <a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Egypt" title="Thebes, Egypt">Thebes</a> to <a href="/wiki/Itjtawy" title="Itjtawy">Itjtawy</a> and was buried in <a href="/wiki/El-Lisht" class="mw-redirect" title="El-Lisht">el-Lisht</a>. Both the <i>Instructions of Amenemhat</i> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Story_of_Sinuhe" title="Story of Sinuhe">Story of Sinuhe</a></i> suggest he was assassinated. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abydos_KL_12-01_n59.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Abydos_KL_12-01_n59.jpg/250px-Abydos_KL_12-01_n59.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Abydos_KL_12-01_n59.jpg/330px-Abydos_KL_12-01_n59.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Abydos_KL_12-01_n59.jpg 2x" data-file-width="341" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Cartouche 59, Abydos King List. Temple of Seti I, Abydos, Egypt</figcaption></figure> <p>Amenemhat I's <a href="/wiki/Prenomen_(Ancient_Egypt)" title="Prenomen (Ancient Egypt)">praenomen</a> occupies the first entry of the third row of the <a href="/wiki/Karnak_King_List" title="Karnak King List">Karnak King List</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Festival_Hall_of_Thutmose_III" title="Festival Hall of Thutmose III">Festival Hall</a> of <a href="/wiki/Thutmose_III" title="Thutmose III">Thutmose III</a> (c. 1479–1425 BC).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELouvren.d.Chambre_des_Ancêtres_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELouvren.d.Chambre_des_Ancêtres-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford198634_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERedford198634-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKraussWarburton2006492_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKraussWarburton2006492-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Abydos_king_list" class="mw-redirect" title="Abydos king list">Abydos king list</a> from <a href="/wiki/Temple_of_Seti_I_(Abydos)" title="Temple of Seti I (Abydos)">the temple</a> of <a href="/wiki/Seti_I" title="Seti I">Seti I</a> (c. 1290–1279 BC)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKraussWarburton2006493_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKraussWarburton2006493-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Abydos,_Egypt" title="Abydos, Egypt">Abydos</a>, Amenemhat I's praenomen <i>Sehetep-ib-re</i> occupies the fifty-ninth entry.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKitchen1975177_&_179_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKitchen1975177_&_179-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It must also have occupied the same position in the king list at the temple of <a href="/wiki/Ramesses_II" title="Ramesses II">Ramesses II</a> (c. 1279–1213 BC)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKraussWarburton2006493_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKraussWarburton2006493-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though it has been lost in a lacuna.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_British_Museumn.d.EA117_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_British_Museumn.d.EA117-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKitchen1979539–541_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKitchen1979539–541-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Saqqara_Tablet" title="Saqqara Tablet">Saqqara Tablet</a> from the tomb of the chief lector priest and chief of works <a href="/wiki/Tjuneroy" title="Tjuneroy">Tjuneroy</a>, Amenemhat I's praenomen occupies the fifteenth entry.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKitchen1980479–481_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKitchen1980479–481-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKitchen2001237_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKitchen2001237-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Turin_Canon" class="mw-redirect" title="Turin Canon">Turin Canon</a> partially preserves Amenemhat I's praenomen in the twentieth entry of the fifth column and accords him a reign of 29 years.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKitchen1979827_&_834_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKitchen1979827_&_834-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2006174_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneider2006174-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The line immediately above mentions the 'kings of the residence of Iti-tawy'.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKitchen1979827_&_834_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKitchen1979827_&_834-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimpson2001453_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESimpson2001453-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amenemhat I is also mentioned in <a href="/wiki/Manetho" title="Manetho">Manetho</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Aegyptiaca" class="mw-redirect" title="Aegyptiaca">Aegyptiaca</a></i>, originally composed circa the 3rd century BC, tentatively dated to the reign of <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemy II">Ptolemy II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaddell1964vii_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaddell1964vii-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford2001336_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERedford2001336-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHornungKraussWarburton200634_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHornungKraussWarburton200634-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original work is no longer extant, but has persisted through the writings of <a href="/wiki/Josephus" title="Josephus">Josephus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sextus_Julius_Africanus" title="Sextus Julius Africanus">Africanus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eusebius" title="Eusebius">Eusebius</a>, and <a href="/wiki/George_Syncellus" title="George Syncellus">George Syncellus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHornungKraussWarburton200635_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHornungKraussWarburton200635-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is accorded a reign of 16 years under the name <i>Άμμενέμης</i> (romanized Ammenemês) by both Africanus and Eusebius, though he is placed at the end of the <a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt">Eleventh Dynasty</a> instead of at the start of the Twelfth.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaddell196463_&_64_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaddell196463_&_64-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Syncellus accords him a reign of 26 years under the name <i>Σταμμενέμης ά</i> (romanized Stammenemês I) as the thirty-second king of <a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Egypt" title="Thebes, Egypt">Thebes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaddell1964223_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaddell1964223-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origin">Origin</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Origin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Amenemhat was the son of a Senusret and a Nefret,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallender2003146_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallender2003146-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who were not <a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt">of the royal family</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His mother is attested to on an offering table that was found at Amenemhat I's pyramid at El-Lisht which also provides her title 'king's mother' and likely in the 'Prophecy of Neferty' in which she is identified as a woman from the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Egypt" title="Upper Egypt">Upper Egyptian</a> nome of <a href="/wiki/Ta-Seti" title="Ta-Seti">Ta-Seti</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200497_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200497-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His father is attested to on a block from <a href="/wiki/Karnak" title="Karnak">Karnak</a> and held the title 'god's father'.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629_43-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200498_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200498-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relationship_to_Mentuhotep_IV">Relationship to Mentuhotep IV</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Relationship to Mentuhotep IV"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The relationship between Amenemhat I and his predecessors, particularly <a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_IV" title="Mentuhotep IV">Mentuhotep IV</a>, remains unclear, although he may be identical to the vizier Amenemhat under Mentuhotep IV that is mentioned in inscriptions from <a href="/wiki/Wadi_Hammamat" title="Wadi Hammamat">Wadi Hammamat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallender2003146_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallender2003146-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200490_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200490-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200628–29_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200628–29-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The inscriptions here record two prophetic events. The birth of a gazelle calf on the stone which became Mentuhotep IV's sarcophagus lid, and a sudden rainstorm that revealed a well brimming with water.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallender2003145_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallender2003145-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Egyptologist Gae Callender notes that, presuming the vizier and king to be identical, the report of these miracles were intended to 'signal that he was the one for whom miracles were performed' and indicated that he 'had been favoured by the gods'.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallender2003146_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECallender2003146-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also an inscription on a bowl from El-Lisht bearing the names of both kings.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629_43-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It led the Egyptologist William Murnane to propose that a period of co-regency was instantiated to legitimize Amenemhat I's accession to the throne,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurnane1977227–228_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurnane1977227–228-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though the Egyptologist Nicolas Grimal considers the posited co-regency to be fictitious.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992158_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992158-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead, the Egyptologist Wolfram Grajetzki believes it to indicate the respect Amenemhat I had for his predecessor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629_43-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are indicators of possible unrest attested to in texts from Deir el-Bersha possibly dating to the period that led to Amenemhat I's reign.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200490_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200490-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were also two other claimants – an Inyotef and a <a href="/wiki/Segerseni" title="Segerseni">Sergeseni</a> – that vied for the throne at this time.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992158–159_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992158–159-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wife_and_children">Wife and children</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Wife and children"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Amenemhat I had one presumed wife, a Neferitatjenen, who is known from a statuette of her son, presumed to be <a href="/wiki/Senusret_I" title="Senusret I">Senusret I</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200497_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200497-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The statuette bore the inscription 'King Senusret born to King Amenemhat and born of the king's mother Neferitatjenen'.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200636_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200636-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The statuette has since been lost, stolen from the Louvre in 1830.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200497_44-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200497-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200636_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200636-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name 'Neferitatjenen' is not otherwise known from the Middle Kingdom leading Grajetzki to question the accuracy of the transcription, and furthermore it may refer instead to the mother of <a href="/wiki/Senusret_II" title="Senusret II">Senusret II</a> whose father was <a href="/wiki/Amenemhat_II" title="Amenemhat II">Amenemhat II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200636_&_178_fn._118_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200636_&_178_fn._118-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Amenemhat I had one known son, his successor on the throne <a href="/wiki/Senusret_I" title="Senusret I">Senusret I</a>. Three of his daughters are also known: Neferu III who is attested to in the <i><a href="/wiki/Story_of_Sinuhe" title="Story of Sinuhe">Story of Sinuhe</a></i> and was the wife of Senusret I; and Neferusherit and Kayet who are named on artefacts found in Amenemhat I's pyramid complex.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200492_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200492-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_reign">Early reign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Early reign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There's some evidence that the early reign of Amenemhat I was beset with political turmoil, as indicated by the inscriptions of Nehri, a local governor.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were some naval battles where an associate of Amenemhat I by the name of <a href="/wiki/Khnumhotep_I" title="Khnumhotep I">Khnumhotep I</a> was involved, and helped to procure victory. Later, Khnumhotep was appointed as an important local governor at <a href="/wiki/Beni_Hasan" title="Beni Hasan">Beni Hasan</a>, and he founded a dynasty of local governors there. His grandson was <a href="/wiki/Khnumhotep_III" title="Khnumhotep III">Khnumhotep III</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the inscriptions by Khnumhotep, mention is also made of military campaigns against the Asiatics and the Nubians.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Serekh_or_Horus_name_of_Amenemhat_I,_detail_of_a_limestone_wall-block_from_Koptos.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Serekh_or_Horus_name_of_Amenemhat_I%2C_detail_of_a_limestone_wall-block_from_Koptos.jpg/220px-Serekh_or_Horus_name_of_Amenemhat_I%2C_detail_of_a_limestone_wall-block_from_Koptos.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Serekh_or_Horus_name_of_Amenemhat_I%2C_detail_of_a_limestone_wall-block_from_Koptos.jpg/330px-Serekh_or_Horus_name_of_Amenemhat_I%2C_detail_of_a_limestone_wall-block_from_Koptos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Serekh_or_Horus_name_of_Amenemhat_I%2C_detail_of_a_limestone_wall-block_from_Koptos.jpg/440px-Serekh_or_Horus_name_of_Amenemhat_I%2C_detail_of_a_limestone_wall-block_from_Koptos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4936" data-file-height="3519" /></a><figcaption>Serekh or Horus name of Amenemhat I, detail of a limestone wall-block from Koptos</figcaption></figure> <p>Amenemhat I's name is associated with one of only two <i><a href="/wiki/Sebayt" title="Sebayt">sebayt</a></i> or ethical "teachings" attributed to Egyptian monarchs, entitled the <i><a href="/wiki/Instructions_of_Amenemhat" title="Instructions of Amenemhat">Instructions of Amenemhat</a></i>, though it is generally thought today that it was composed by a scribe at the behest of the king.<sup id="cite_ref-M._Lichtheim,_p.135_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M._Lichtheim,_p.135-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Amenemhat I's <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_titulary" title="Ancient Egyptian royal titulary">Horus name</a>, <i>Wehemmesu</i>, which means renaissance or rebirth, is an allusion to the <a href="/wiki/Old_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Kingdom">Old Kingdom</a> period, whose cultural icons and models (such as pyramidal tombs and Old Kingdom artistic motifs) were emulated by the Twelfth Dynasty kings after the end of the <a href="/wiki/First_Intermediate_Period" class="mw-redirect" title="First Intermediate Period">First Intermediate Period</a>. The cult of the king was also promoted during this period, which witnessed a steady return to a more centralized government.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pyramid">Pyramid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Pyramid"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AmenemhetIPyramid.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/AmenemhetIPyramid.jpg/250px-AmenemhetIPyramid.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/AmenemhetIPyramid.jpg/330px-AmenemhetIPyramid.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/AmenemhetIPyramid.jpg/500px-AmenemhetIPyramid.jpg 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>The ruined <a href="/wiki/Pyramid_of_Amenemhat_I" title="Pyramid of Amenemhat I">pyramid of Amenemhat I</a> at <a href="/wiki/El-Lisht" class="mw-redirect" title="El-Lisht">Lisht</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lintel_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Deities_MET_DP322051.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Lintel_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Deities_MET_DP322051.jpg/330px-Lintel_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Deities_MET_DP322051.jpg" decoding="async" width="289" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Lintel_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Deities_MET_DP322051.jpg/500px-Lintel_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Deities_MET_DP322051.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Lintel_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Deities_MET_DP322051.jpg/960px-Lintel_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Deities_MET_DP322051.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="1048" /></a><figcaption>Lintel of Amenemhat I and Deities</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pyramid_of_Amenemhat_I" title="Pyramid of Amenemhat I">Pyramid of Amenemhat I</a></div> <p>Amenemhat I built his pyramid (<a href="/wiki/Egyptian_language" title="Egyptian language">Ancient Egyptian</a>: <i>Swt-ḫꜥu Ỉmn-m-hꜣt</i> meaning 'Cult places of Amenemhat's appearance'<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001396_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001396-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath198465_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath198465-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) at <a href="/wiki/El-Lisht" class="mw-redirect" title="El-Lisht">El-Lisht</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001396_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001396-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008168_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner2008168-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pyramid had a core constructed from roughly hewn limestone blocks with gaps plugged with sand, debris, and mudbrick. Curiously, the core also contained relief-decorated blocks pilfered from the monuments of the Old Kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008168_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner2008168-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The core was then encased by fine limestone blocks.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001397_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001397-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pyramid had a base length of 84 m (276 ft; 160 cu) inclined at approximately 54°27' toward an apex either 55 m (180 ft; 105 cu) or 58 m (190 ft; 111 cu) high and had a volume of 129,360 m<sup>3</sup> (4,568,000 cu ft).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001465_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001465-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner200817_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner200817-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of the poor construction manner and the use of low quality materials, coupled with the activity of grave robbers, the pyramid has now been reduced to a 20 m (66 ft) tall ruined mound. The decision to use inferior materials may have arisen from economic and practical considerations. In particular, Faiyum has abundant clay deposits which could be sourced.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001396_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001396-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before the pyramid, on its east side, lay the mortuary temple that carried its own name independent of the pyramid. In the Old Kingdom, mortuary complexes were given a single name. Amenemhat I broke with this tradition instead choosing to provide names for the individual components. The temple was named 'High [rises up] Amenemhat's beauty'.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001396_&_398_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001396_&_398-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The temple was built on a lower level than the pyramid – perhaps in reference to the terraced mortuary temple of <a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_II" title="Mentuhotep II">Mentuhotep II</a> – and was of a smaller size compared against Old Kingdom temples.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008168–169_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner2008168–169-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are few remains of the temple preventing a detailed reconstruction, and only its courtyard has been properly investigated.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It appears that the temple was rebuilt during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Senusret_I" title="Senusret I">Senusret I</a>, as attested to by inscriptions bearing his name.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398_66-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008169_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner2008169-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is no evidence of a cult pyramid extant, though the causeway and valley temple – which has not been investigated and is now buried under a local cemetery<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398_66-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> – have been identified.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008169_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner2008169-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within its perimeter wall are the grave sites of family members and officials.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398_66-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These include his mother, Nefret; wife, Neferitatjenen; and a daughter, Neferu;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008169_68-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner2008169-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> along with a vizier, Intefiqer.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398_66-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beneath the pyramid, entered from the north chapel, is the substructure.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001397_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001397-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The north chapel contained a red granite <a href="/wiki/False_door" title="False door">false door</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008168_61-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner2008168-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> behind which lay the descending corridor.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001397_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001397-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pink granite lined corridor plugged with blocks leads to a square chamber with a shaft in its centre that leads to the burial chamber.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001397–398_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001397–398-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This chamber has filled with ground water and has never been accessed.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398_66-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008167_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner2008167-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Assassination">Assassination</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Assassination"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sehetepibre_Amenemhat_I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Sehetepibre_Amenemhat_I.jpg/250px-Sehetepibre_Amenemhat_I.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Sehetepibre_Amenemhat_I.jpg/330px-Sehetepibre_Amenemhat_I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Sehetepibre_Amenemhat_I.jpg/500px-Sehetepibre_Amenemhat_I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Statue of Amenemhat I in the garden of the <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Museum" title="Egyptian Museum">Egyptian Museum</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Two literary works dating from the end of the reign give a picture about Amenemhat I's death. The <i><a href="/wiki/Instructions_of_Amenemhat" title="Instructions of Amenemhat">Instructions of Amenemhat</a></i> were supposedly counsels that the deceased king gave to his son during a dream. In the passage where he warns Senusret I against too great intimacy with his subjects, he tells the story of his own death as a reinforcement: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>It was after supper, when night had fallen, and I had spent an hour of happiness. I was asleep upon my bed, having become weary, and my heart had begun to follow sleep. When weapons of my counsel were wielded, I had become like a snake of the necropolis. As I came to, I awoke to fighting, and found that it was an attack of the bodyguard. If I had quickly taken weapons in my hand, I would have made the wretches retreat with a charge! But there is none mighty in the night, none who can fight alone; no success will come without a helper. Look, my injury happened while I was without you, when the entourage had not yet heard that I would hand over to you when I had not yet sat with you, that I might make counsels for you; for I did not plan it, I did not foresee it, and my heart had not taken thought of the negligence of servants.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>This passage refers to a conspiracy in which Amenemhat was killed by his own guards, when his son and co-regent Senusret I was leading a campaign in Libya. Another account of the following events is given in the <i><a href="/wiki/Story_of_Sinuhe" title="Story of Sinuhe">Story of Sinuhe</a></i>, a famous text of Egyptian literature: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Year 30, third month of the Inundation season, day 7, the god mounted to his horizon, the King of Upper and Lower Egypt Sehetepibre went aloft to heaven and became united with the sun's disk, the limb of the god being merged in him who made him; whilst the Residence was hushed, hearts were in mourning, the Great Gates were closed, the courtiers crouched, head on lap, and the nobles grieved. Now His Majesty had sent an army to the land of the Tjemeh (Libyans), his eldest son as the captain thereof, the god Senusret. He had been sent to smite the foreign countries, and to take prisoner the dwellers in the Tjehnu-land, and now indeed he was returning and had carried off living prisoners of the Tjehnu and all kinds of cattle limitless. And the Companions of the Palace sent to the western side to acquaint the king's son concerning the position that had arisen in the Royal Apartments, and the messengers found him upon the road, they reached him at time of night. Not a moment did he linger, the falcon flew off with his followers, not letting his army know. But the king's children who accompanied him in this army had been sent for and one of them had been summoned. (...)<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Relief_block_with_the_names_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Senwosret_I_MET_09.180.1213-gc.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Relief_block_with_the_names_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Senwosret_I_MET_09.180.1213-gc.jpg/220px-Relief_block_with_the_names_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Senwosret_I_MET_09.180.1213-gc.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Relief_block_with_the_names_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Senwosret_I_MET_09.180.1213-gc.jpg/330px-Relief_block_with_the_names_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Senwosret_I_MET_09.180.1213-gc.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Relief_block_with_the_names_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Senwosret_I_MET_09.180.1213-gc.jpg/440px-Relief_block_with_the_names_of_Amenemhat_I_and_Senwosret_I_MET_09.180.1213-gc.jpg 2x" data-file-width="846" data-file-height="492" /></a><figcaption>Relief block with the names of Amenemhat I and Senwosret I MET</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Succession">Succession</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Succession"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Planche_28_Monuments_Historiques_(1872)_-_TIMEA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Planche_28_Monuments_Historiques_%281872%29_-_TIMEA.jpg/250px-Planche_28_Monuments_Historiques_%281872%29_-_TIMEA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Planche_28_Monuments_Historiques_%281872%29_-_TIMEA.jpg/330px-Planche_28_Monuments_Historiques_%281872%29_-_TIMEA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Planche_28_Monuments_Historiques_%281872%29_-_TIMEA.jpg/500px-Planche_28_Monuments_Historiques_%281872%29_-_TIMEA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="970" /></a><figcaption>The double dated stela CG 20516</figcaption></figure> <p>Amenemhat I is considered to be the first king of Egypt to have had a <a href="/wiki/Coregency" title="Coregency">coregency</a> with his son, <a href="/wiki/Senusret_I" title="Senusret I">Senusret I</a>. A double dated stele from <a href="/wiki/Abydos,_Egypt" title="Abydos, Egypt">Abydos</a> and now in the <a href="/wiki/Cairo_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Cairo Museum">Cairo Museum</a> (CG 20516) is dated to the Year 30 of Amenemhat I and to the Year 10 of Senusret I, which establishes that Senusret was made co-regent in Amenemhat's Year 20.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Officials">Officials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Officials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are few known officials from Amenemhat I's reign.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200628–29_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200628–29-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Vizier_(Ancient_Egypt)" title="Vizier (Ancient Egypt)">vizier</a> <a href="/wiki/Ipi_(vizier)" title="Ipi (vizier)">Ipi</a> is presumed to have held office during the middle of Amenemhat I's reign.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoralesn.d.Tomb_of_Ipi_(TT_315)_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoralesn.d.Tomb_of_Ipi_(TT_315)-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is known from his tomb TT 315 / MMA 516 at Deir el-Bahri.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJGU2022[httpspnmuni-mainzdeinscription17245_Bull,_JEA_10,_15]_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJGU2022[httpspnmuni-mainzdeinscription17245_Bull,_JEA_10,_15]-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He held many offices and titles during his lifetime including those of treasurer, steward, and seal-bearer for the king of Lower Egypt.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoralesn.d.Tomb_of_Ipi_(TT_315)_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoralesn.d.Tomb_of_Ipi_(TT_315)-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A further vizier datable to the reign is <a href="/wiki/Intefiqer" title="Intefiqer">Intefiqer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJGU2022[httpspnmuni-mainzdeperson146_Person_PD_146]_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJGU2022[httpspnmuni-mainzdeperson146_Person_PD_146]-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two <a href="/wiki/Treasurer_(Ancient_Egypt)" title="Treasurer (Ancient Egypt)">treasurers</a> can be placed under this king: another Ipi and <a href="/wiki/Rehuerdjersen" title="Rehuerdjersen">Rehuerdjersen</a>. Two high stewards, <a href="/wiki/Meketre" title="Meketre">Meketre</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sobeknakht" class="mw-redirect" title="Sobeknakht">Sobeknakht</a>, have also been identified. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_adaptation">Modern adaptation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Modern adaptation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Naguib_Mahfouz" title="Naguib Mahfouz">Naguib Mahfouz</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_for_Literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prize for Literature">Nobel Prize</a>-winning Egyptian novelist, includes Amenemhat I in one of his stories published in 1941 entitled "Awdat Sinuhi". The story appeared in an English translation by <a href="/wiki/Raymond_Stock" title="Raymond Stock">Raymond Stock</a> in 2003 as "The Return of Sinuhe" in the collection of Mahfouz's short stories entitled <i>Voices from the Other World</i>. The story is based directly on the "<a href="/wiki/Story_of_Sinuhe" title="Story of Sinuhe">Story of Sinuhe</a>", although adding details of a lovers' triangle romance involving Amenemhat I and Sinuhe that does not appear in the original. Mahfouz also includes the pharaoh in his account of Egypt's rulers "Facing the Throne". In this work, the Nobel laureate has the Ancient Egyptian gods judge the country's rulers from Pharaoh <a href="/wiki/Menes" title="Menes">Mena</a> to President <a href="/wiki/Anwar_Sadat" title="Anwar Sadat">Anwar Sadat</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Amenemhat_I" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Amenemhat I">Amenemhat I</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt family tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Egyptian_pyramids" title="List of Egyptian pyramids">List of Egyptian pyramids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_megalithic_sites" class="mw-redirect" title="List of megalithic sites">List of megalithic sites</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Proposed dates for the reign of Amenemhat I: c. 1994–1964 BC,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004288_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004288-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> c. 1991–1962 BC,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992391_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992391-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClayton199478_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEClayton199478-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFranke200168_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFranke200168-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner20088_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner20088-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> c. 1985–1956,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShaw2003483_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShaw2003483-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> c. 1981–1952 BC,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOppenheimArnoldArnoldYamamoto2015xix_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOppenheimArnoldArnoldYamamoto2015xix-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> c. 1939–1910 BC,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKraussWarburton2006491_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKraussWarburton2006491-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> c. 1939/1938-1908 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200628_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200628-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Syncellus attributes his list to <a href="/wiki/Apollodorus" title="Apollodorus">Apollodorus</a>, whom himself attributed to <a href="/wiki/Eratosthenes" title="Eratosthenes">Eratosthenes</a>, and himself attributed to 'the scribes of Diospolis', but which is ultimately supposed to originate from none of these, and was instead derived from an Egyptian king list.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaddell1964213_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaddell1964213-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchneider2006174-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2006174_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchneider2006174_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchneider2006">Schneider 2006</a>, p. 174.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004288-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton2004288_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDodsonHilton2004">Dodson & Hilton 2004</a>, p. 288.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992391-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992391_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrimal1992">Grimal 1992</a>, p. 391.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEClayton199478-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEClayton199478_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFClayton1994">Clayton 1994</a>, p. 78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFranke200168-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFranke200168_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFranke2001">Franke 2001</a>, p. 68.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner20088-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner20088_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLehner2008">Lehner 2008</a>, p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShaw2003483-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShaw2003483_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShaw2003">Shaw 2003</a>, p. 483.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOppenheimArnoldArnoldYamamoto2015xix-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOppenheimArnoldArnoldYamamoto2015xix_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOppenheimArnoldArnoldYamamoto2015">Oppenheim et al. 2015</a>, p. xix.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKraussWarburton2006491-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKraussWarburton2006491_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKraussWarburton2006">Krauss & Warburton 2006</a>, p. 491.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200628-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200628_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrajetzki2006">Grajetzki 2006</a>, p. 28.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357_12-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201357_12-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeprohon2013">Leprohon 2013</a>, p. 57.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath1984197_13-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFvon_Beckerath1984">von Beckerath 1984</a>, p. 197.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELeprohon201358-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201358_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201358_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELeprohon201358_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLeprohon2013">Leprohon 2013</a>, p. 58.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFStiebing2016" class="citation book cs1">Stiebing, William H. (2016) [2009]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DoyTDAAAQBAJ"><i>Ancient Near Eastern History and Culture</i></a> (2nd ed.). London; New York: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 156. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-321-42297-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-321-42297-2"><bdi>978-0-321-42297-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1004426779">1004426779</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 21,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Near+Eastern+History+and+Culture&rft.place=London%3B+New+York&rft.pages=156&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1004426779&rft.isbn=978-0-321-42297-2&rft.aulast=Stiebing&rft.aufirst=William+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDoyTDAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenemhat+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-E._Hornung,_p50-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-E._Hornung,_p50_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">E. Hornung, <i>History of Ancient Egypt</i>, 1999 p.50</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ancientegyptonline.co.uk/amenemhati/">"Amenemhat I Sehetibre | Ancient Egypt Online"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Lichtheim, <i>Ancient Egyptian Literature</i>, 1973 p.135</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>General History of Africa Volume II - Ancient civilizations of Africa (ed. G Moktar)</i>. UNESCO. p. 152.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=General+History+of+Africa+Volume+II+-+Ancient+civilizations+of+Africa+%28ed.+G+Moktar%29&rft.pages=152&rft.pub=UNESCO&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenemhat+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLobban2021" class="citation book cs1">Lobban, Richard A. Jr. (10 April 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pRUYEAAAQBAJ&dq=amenemhat+textual+evidence+nubian+mother&pg=PA28"><i>Historical Dictionary of Ancient Nubia</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781538133392" title="Special:BookSources/9781538133392"><bdi>9781538133392</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Ancient+Nubia&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2021-04-10&rft.isbn=9781538133392&rft.aulast=Lobban&rft.aufirst=Richard+A.+Jr.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpRUYEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Damenemhat%2Btextual%2Bevidence%2Bnubian%2Bmother%26pg%3DPA28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenemhat+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVan_de_Mieroop2021" class="citation book cs1">Van de Mieroop, Marc (2021). <i>A history of ancient Egypt</i> (Second ed.). 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id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELouvren.d.Chambre_des_Ancêtres-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELouvren.d.Chambre_des_Ancêtres_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLouvren.d.">Louvre n.d.</a>, Chambre des Ancêtres.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERedford198634-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford198634_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRedford1986">Redford 1986</a>, p. 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKraussWarburton2006492-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKraussWarburton2006492_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKraussWarburton2006">Krauss & Warburton 2006</a>, p. 492.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKraussWarburton2006493-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKraussWarburton2006493_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKraussWarburton2006493_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKraussWarburton2006">Krauss & Warburton 2006</a>, p. 493.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKitchen1975177_&_179-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKitchen1975177_&_179_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKitchen1975">Kitchen 1975</a>, pp. 177 & 179.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThe_British_Museumn.d.EA117-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThe_British_Museumn.d.EA117_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThe_British_Museumn.d.">The British Museum n.d.</a>, EA117.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKitchen1979539–541-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKitchen1979539–541_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKitchen1979">Kitchen 1979</a>, pp. 539–541.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKitchen1980479–481-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKitchen1980479–481_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKitchen1980">Kitchen 1980</a>, pp. 479–481.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKitchen2001237-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKitchen2001237_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKitchen2001">Kitchen 2001</a>, p. 237.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKitchen1979827_&_834-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKitchen1979827_&_834_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKitchen1979827_&_834_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKitchen1979">Kitchen 1979</a>, pp. 827 & 834.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESimpson2001453-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESimpson2001453_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSimpson2001">Simpson 2001</a>, p. 453.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaddell1964vii-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaddell1964vii_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWaddell1964">Waddell 1964</a>, p. vii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERedford2001336-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERedford2001336_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRedford2001">Redford 2001</a>, p. 336.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHornungKraussWarburton200634-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHornungKraussWarburton200634_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHornungKraussWarburton2006">Hornung, Krauss & Warburton 2006</a>, p. 34.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHornungKraussWarburton200635-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHornungKraussWarburton200635_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHornungKraussWarburton2006">Hornung, Krauss & Warburton 2006</a>, p. 35.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaddell196463_&_64-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaddell196463_&_64_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWaddell1964">Waddell 1964</a>, pp. 63 & 64.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaddell1964223-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaddell1964223_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWaddell1964">Waddell 1964</a>, p. 223.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWaddell1964213-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWaddell1964213_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWaddell1964">Waddell 1964</a>, pp. 213.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECallender2003146-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallender2003146_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallender2003146_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallender2003146_42-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCallender2003">Callender 2003</a>, p. 146.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629_43-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629_43-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200629_43-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrajetzki2006">Grajetzki 2006</a>, p. 29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200497-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200497_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200497_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200497_44-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDodsonHilton2004">Dodson & Hilton 2004</a>, p. 97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200498-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200498_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDodsonHilton2004">Dodson & Hilton 2004</a>, p. 98.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200490-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200490_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200490_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDodsonHilton2004">Dodson & Hilton 2004</a>, p. 90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200628–29-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200628–29_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200628–29_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrajetzki2006">Grajetzki 2006</a>, pp. 28–29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECallender2003145-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECallender2003145_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCallender2003">Callender 2003</a>, p. 145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurnane1977227–228-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurnane1977227–228_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMurnane1977">Murnane 1977</a>, pp. 227–228.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992158-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992158_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrimal1992">Grimal 1992</a>, p. 158.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992158–159-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrimal1992158–159_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrimal1992">Grimal 1992</a>, pp. 158–159.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200636-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200636_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200636_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrajetzki2006">Grajetzki 2006</a>, p. 36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200636_&_178_fn._118-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrajetzki200636_&_178_fn._118_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrajetzki2006">Grajetzki 2006</a>, pp. 36 & 178 fn. 118.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200492-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDodsonHilton200492_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDodsonHilton2004">Dodson & Hilton 2004</a>, p. 92.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Alan B. Lloyd, ed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RK2pLin2sPAC&pg=PA88"><i>A Companion to Ancient Egypt.</i></a> Volume 52 of Blackwell Companions to the Ancient World. John Wiley & Sons, 2010 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1444320068" title="Special:BookSources/1444320068">1444320068</a> p.88</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Toby Wilkinson, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Tnxf6ItROOUC&pg=PA143"><i>The Rise and Fall of Ancient Egypt.</i></a> Random House LLC, 2011 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0679604294" title="Special:BookSources/0679604294">0679604294</a> p.143</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://euler.slu.edu/~bart/egyptianhtml/kings%20and%20Queens/Amenemhat_I.html">Pharaoh: Amenemhat I (Sehetepibre)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160830042155/http://euler.slu.edu/~bart/egyptianhtml/kings">Archived</a> 2016-08-30 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> euler.slu.edu</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShaw2000" class="citation cs2">Shaw, Ian, ed. (2000), <i>The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt</i>, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 159</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+History+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=159&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenemhat+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001396-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001396_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001396_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001396_59-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVerner2001">Verner 2001</a>, p. 396.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath198465-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvon_Beckerath198465_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFvon_Beckerath1984">von Beckerath 1984</a>, p. 65.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner2008168-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008168_61-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008168_61-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008168_61-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLehner2008">Lehner 2008</a>, p. 168.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001397-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001397_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001397_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001397_62-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVerner2001">Verner 2001</a>, p. 397.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001465-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001465_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVerner2001">Verner 2001</a>, p. 465.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner200817-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner200817_64-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLehner2008">Lehner 2008</a>, p. 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001396_&_398-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001396_&_398_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVerner2001">Verner 2001</a>, pp. 396 & 398.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398_66-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398_66-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398_66-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398_66-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001398_66-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVerner2001">Verner 2001</a>, p. 398.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner2008168–169-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008168–169_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLehner2008">Lehner 2008</a>, pp. 168–169.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner2008169-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008169_68-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008169_68-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008169_68-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLehner2008">Lehner 2008</a>, p. 169.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerner2001397–398-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerner2001397–398_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFVerner2001">Verner 2001</a>, pp. 397–398.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELehner2008167-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELehner2008167_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLehner2008">Lehner 2008</a>, p. 167.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/amenemhet1.htm">"Egypt: Amenemhat I, 1st King of the 12th Dynasty"</a>. <i>www.touregypt.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.touregypt.net&rft.atitle=Egypt%3A+Amenemhat+I%2C+1st+King+of+the+12th+Dynasty&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.touregypt.net%2Ffeaturestories%2Famenemhet1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenemhat+I" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sir Alan Gardiner, <i>Egypt of the Pharaohs</i>, Oxford University Press 1961, p. 130–131</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Murnane, William J. <i>Ancient Egyptian Coregencies, Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization. No. 40.</i> p.2. The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, 1977.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMoralesn.d.Tomb_of_Ipi_(TT_315)-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoralesn.d.Tomb_of_Ipi_(TT_315)_74-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMoralesn.d.Tomb_of_Ipi_(TT_315)_74-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMoralesn.d.">Morales n.d.</a>, Tomb of Ipi (TT 315).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJGU2022[httpspnmuni-mainzdeinscription17245_Bull,_JEA_10,_15]-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJGU2022[httpspnmuni-mainzdeinscription17245_Bull,_JEA_10,_15]_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJGU2022">JGU 2022</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pnm.uni-mainz.de/inscription/17245">Bull, JEA 10, 15</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJGU2022[httpspnmuni-mainzdeperson146_Person_PD_146]-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJGU2022[httpspnmuni-mainzdeperson146_Person_PD_146]_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJGU2022">JGU 2022</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pnm.uni-mainz.de/person/146">Person PD 146</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCallender2003" class="citation book cs1">Callender, Gae (2003). "The Middle Kingdom Renaissance (c. 2055–1650 BC)". In Shaw, Ian (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordhisto00shaw"><i>The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt</i></a>. 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(2015). <i>Ancient Egypt Transformed: the Middle Kingdom</i>. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781588395641" title="Special:BookSources/9781588395641"><bdi>9781588395641</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Egypt+Transformed%3A+the+Middle+Kingdom&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781588395641&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenemhat+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRedford1986" class="citation book cs1">Redford, Donald B. (1986). <i>Pharaonic King-lists, Annals, and Day-books</i>. Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities 4. Mississauga: Benben Rubl. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0920168078" title="Special:BookSources/0920168078"><bdi>0920168078</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pharaonic+King-lists%2C+Annals%2C+and+Day-books&rft.place=Mississauga&rft.series=Society+for+the+Study+of+Egyptian+Antiquities+4&rft.pub=Benben+Rubl.&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=0920168078&rft.aulast=Redford&rft.aufirst=Donald+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenemhat+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRedford2001" class="citation book cs1">Redford, Donald B. (2001). "Manetho". In <a href="/wiki/Donald_B._Redford" title="Donald B. Redford">Redford, Donald B.</a> (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Volume 2</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">336–</span>337. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-510234-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-510234-5"><bdi>978-0-19-510234-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Manetho&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Ancient+Egypt%2C+Volume+2&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E336-%3C%2Fspan%3E337&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-510234-5&rft.aulast=Redford&rft.aufirst=Donald+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenemhat+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchneider2006" class="citation book cs1">Schneider, Thomas (2006). "The Relative Chronology of the Middle Kingdom and the Hyksos Period (Dyns. 12-17)". In Hornung, Erik; Krauss, Rolf; Warburton, David (eds.). <i>Ancient Egyptian Chronology</i>. Leiden: Brill. pp. <span class="nowrap">168–</span>196. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-11385-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-11385-5"><bdi>978-90-04-11385-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Relative+Chronology+of+the+Middle+Kingdom+and+the+Hyksos+Period+%28Dyns.+12-17%29&rft.btitle=Ancient+Egyptian+Chronology&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E168-%3C%2Fspan%3E196&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-90-04-11385-5&rft.aulast=Schneider&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenemhat+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShaw2003" class="citation book cs1">Shaw, Ian, ed. (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordhisto00shaw"><i>The Oxford History of Ancient Egypt</i></a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-815034-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-815034-3"><bdi>978-0-19-815034-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+History+of+Ancient+Egypt&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-19-815034-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordhisto00shaw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenemhat+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSimpson2001" class="citation book cs1">Simpson, William Kelly (2001). "Twelfth Dynasty". In <a href="/wiki/Donald_B._Redford" title="Donald B. Redford">Redford, Donald B.</a> (ed.). <i>The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Egypt, Volume 3</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">453–</span>457. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-510234-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-510234-5"><bdi>978-0-19-510234-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Twelfth+Dynasty&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Encyclopedia+of+Ancient+Egypt%2C+Volume+3&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E453-%3C%2Fspan%3E457&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-19-510234-5&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=William+Kelly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenemhat+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVerner2001" class="citation book cs1">Verner, Miroslav (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/pyramidscomplete00vern"><i>The Pyramids: The Mystery, Culture and Science of Egypt's Great Monuments</i></a>. New York: Grove Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8021-1703-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8021-1703-8"><bdi>978-0-8021-1703-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Pyramids%3A+The+Mystery%2C+Culture+and+Science+of+Egypt%27s+Great+Monuments&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Grove+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8021-1703-8&rft.aulast=Verner&rft.aufirst=Miroslav&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpyramidscomplete00vern&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenemhat+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFvon_Beckerath1984" class="citation book cs1">von Beckerath, Jürgen (1984). <i>Handbuch der ägyptischen Königsnamen</i>. München: Deutscher Kunstverlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783422008328" title="Special:BookSources/9783422008328"><bdi>9783422008328</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbuch+der+%C3%A4gyptischen+K%C3%B6nigsnamen&rft.place=M%C3%BCnchen&rft.pub=Deutscher+Kunstverlag&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=9783422008328&rft.aulast=von+Beckerath&rft.aufirst=J%C3%BCrgen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenemhat+I" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWaddell1964" class="citation book cs1">Waddell, William Gillan (1964) [1940]. Page, Thomas Ethelbert; Capps, Edward; Rouse, William Henry Denham; Post, Levi Arnold; Warmington, Eric Herbert (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/manethowithengli00maneuoft/page/n103/mode/2up"><i>Manetho with an English Translation</i></a>. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/610359927">610359927</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manetho+with+an+English+Translation&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+MA&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1964&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F610359927&rft.aulast=Waddell&rft.aufirst=William+Gillan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmanethowithengli00maneuoft%2Fpage%2Fn103%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAmenemhat+I" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Mahfouz, Naguib. The Return of Sinuhe in Voices from the Other World (translated by Robert Stock), Random House, 2003.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amenemhat_I&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ancient-egypt.org/index.html">Ancient-Egypt.org</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aldokkan.com/egypt/amenemhet.htm"><i>Amenemhet</i></a>, Similarities between The Testament of Amenemhet and Machiavelli's Prince</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/82622/rec/1">Hatshepsut: from Queen to Pharaoh</a>, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on Amenemhat I (see index)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Protodynastic_to_First_Intermediate_Period_(32" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Naqada_III" title="Naqada III">Protodynastic</a> to <a href="/wiki/First_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="First Intermediate Period of Egypt">First Intermediate Period</a> <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"> (<3150–2040 BC)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><div class="center">Period</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dynasty34" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em"><div class="center">Dynasty</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navbox-group" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pharaohs <ul><li>male</li> <li>female<sup>♀</sup></li></ul></li> <li><i>uncertain</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Naqada_III" title="Naqada III">Protodynastic</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(pre-3150 BC)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Lower_Egypt" title="Lower Egypt">Lower</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hedju_Hor" title="Hedju Hor">Hedju Hor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ny-Hor" title="Ny-Hor">Ny-Hor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ni-Neith" title="Ni-Neith">Ni-Neith</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hat-Hor" class="mw-redirect" title="Hat-Hor">Hat-Hor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pu_(pharaoh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pu (pharaoh)">Pu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hsekiu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hsekiu">Hsekiu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khayu" class="mw-redirect" title="Khayu">Khayu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tiu_(pharaoh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiu (pharaoh)">Tiu</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Thesh">Thesh</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neheb" class="mw-redirect" title="Neheb">Neheb</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wazner" class="mw-redirect" title="Wazner">Wazner</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mekh" class="mw-redirect" title="Mekh">Mekh</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Falcon" title="Double Falcon">Double Falcon</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wash_(pharaoh)" title="Wash (pharaoh)">Wash</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Upper_Egypt" title="Upper Egypt">Upper</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/A_(pharaoh)" title="A (pharaoh)">A</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Finger_Snail" title="Finger Snail">Finger Snail</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fish_(pharaoh)" title="Fish (pharaoh)">Fish</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elephant_(pharaoh)" title="Elephant (pharaoh)">Elephant</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stork_(pharaoh)" title="Stork (pharaoh)">Stork</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bull_(pharaoh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bull (pharaoh)">Bull</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scorpion_I" title="Scorpion I">Scorpion I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Crocodile_(pharaoh)" title="Crocodile (pharaoh)">Crocodile</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iry-Hor" title="Iry-Hor">Iry-Hor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ka_(pharaoh)" title="Ka (pharaoh)">Ka</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Scorpion_II" title="Scorpion II">Scorpion II</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer">Narmer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Menes" title="Menes">Menes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Early_Dynastic_Period_(Egypt)" title="Early Dynastic Period (Egypt)">Early Dynastic</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(3150–2686 BC)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/First_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="First Dynasty of Egypt">I</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narmer" title="Narmer">Narmer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Menes" title="Menes">Menes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hor-Aha" title="Hor-Aha">Hor-Aha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djer" title="Djer">Djer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djet" title="Djet">Djet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Den_(pharaoh)" title="Den (pharaoh)">Den</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anedjib" title="Anedjib">Anedjib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semerkhet" title="Semerkhet">Semerkhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qa%27a" title="Qa'a">Qa'a</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sneferka" title="Sneferka">Sneferka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Horus_Bird_(Pharaoh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Horus Bird (Pharaoh)">Horus Bird</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Second_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Second Dynasty of Egypt">II</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hotepsekhemwy" title="Hotepsekhemwy">Hotepsekhemwy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebra_(Pharaoh)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebra (Pharaoh)">Nebra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nynetjer" title="Nynetjer">Nynetjer</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ba_(pharaoh)" title="Ba (pharaoh)">Ba</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nubnefer" title="Nubnefer">Nubnefer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Horus_Sa" title="Horus Sa">Horus Sa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Weneg_(pharaoh)" title="Weneg (pharaoh)">Weneg-Nebty</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wadjenes" title="Wadjenes">Wadjenes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Senedj" title="Senedj">Senedj</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth-Peribsen" title="Seth-Peribsen">Seth-Peribsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemib-Perenmaat" title="Sekhemib-Perenmaat">Sekhemib-Perenmaat</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neferkara_I" title="Neferkara I">Neferkara I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neferkasokar" title="Neferkasokar">Neferkasokar</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hudjefa_I" title="Hudjefa I">Hudjefa I</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khasekhemwy" title="Khasekhemwy">Khasekhemwy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Old_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Old Kingdom of Egypt">Old Kingdom</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(2686–2181 BC)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Third_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Third Dynasty of Egypt">III</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Djoser" title="Djoser">Djoser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemkhet" title="Sekhemkhet">Sekhemkhet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanakht" title="Sanakht">Sanakht</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nebka" title="Nebka">Nebka</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaba" title="Khaba">Khaba</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sedjes" title="Sedjes">Sedjes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qahedjet" title="Qahedjet">Qahedjet</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huni" title="Huni">Huni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fourth Dynasty of Egypt">IV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sneferu" title="Sneferu">Snefru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khufu" title="Khufu">Khufu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedefre" title="Djedefre">Djedefre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khafre" title="Khafre">Khafre</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bikheris" title="Bikheris">Bikheris</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menkaure" title="Menkaure">Menkaure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepseskaf" title="Shepseskaf">Shepseskaf</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thamphthis" title="Thamphthis">Thamphthis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fifth Dynasty of Egypt">V</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Userkaf" title="Userkaf">Userkaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahure" title="Sahure">Sahure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferirkare_Kakai" title="Neferirkare Kakai">Neferirkare Kakai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferefre" title="Neferefre">Neferefre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepseskare" title="Shepseskare">Shepseskare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyuserre_Ini" title="Nyuserre Ini">Nyuserre Ini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menkauhor_Kaiu" title="Menkauhor Kaiu">Menkauhor Kaiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedkare_Isesi" title="Djedkare Isesi">Djedkare Isesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unas" title="Unas">Unas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Sixth Dynasty of Egypt">VI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teti" title="Teti">Teti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Userkare" title="Userkare">Userkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepi_I_Meryre" title="Pepi I Meryre">Pepi I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merenre_Nemtyemsaf_I" title="Merenre Nemtyemsaf I">Merenre Nemtyemsaf I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pepi_II_Neferkare" title="Pepi II Neferkare">Pepi II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merenre_Nemtyemsaf_II" title="Merenre Nemtyemsaf II">Merenre Nemtyemsaf II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netjerkare_Siptah" title="Netjerkare Siptah">Netjerkare Siptah</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neferka" title="Neferka">Neferka</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nefer#Pharaoh" title="Nefer">Nefer</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/First_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="First Intermediate Period of Egypt">1<sup>st</sup> Intermediate</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(2181–2040 BC)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Seventh Dynasty of Egypt">VII</a>/<a href="/wiki/Eighth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eighth Dynasty of Egypt">VIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Menkare" title="Menkare">Menkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_II" title="Neferkare II">Neferkare II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_Neby" title="Neferkare Neby">Neferkare III Neby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedkare_Shemai" title="Djedkare Shemai">Djedkare Shemai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_Khendu" title="Neferkare Khendu">Neferkare IV Khendu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merenhor" title="Merenhor">Merenhor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkamin" title="Neferkamin">Neferkamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikare" title="Nikare">Nikare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_Tereru" title="Neferkare Tereru">Neferkare V Tereru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkahor" title="Neferkahor">Neferkahor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_Pepiseneb" title="Neferkare Pepiseneb">Neferkare VI Pepiseneb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkamin_Anu" title="Neferkamin Anu">Neferkamin Anu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qakare_Ibi" title="Qakare Ibi">Qakare Iby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkaure" title="Neferkaure">Neferkaure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkauhor" title="Neferkauhor">Neferkauhor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferirkare" title="Neferirkare">Neferirkare</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wadjkare" title="Wadjkare">Wadjkare</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khuiqer" title="Khuiqer">Khuiqer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khui" title="Khui">Khui</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iytjenu" title="Iytjenu">Iytjenu</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Ninth Dynasty of Egypt">IX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meryibre_Khety" title="Meryibre Khety">Meryibre Khety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare,_ninth_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Neferkare, ninth dynasty">Neferkare VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebkaure_Khety" title="Nebkaure Khety">Nebkaure Khety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setut" title="Setut">Setut</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Imhotep_(pharaoh)" title="Imhotep (pharaoh)">Imhotep</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Tenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Tenth Dynasty of Egypt">X</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meryhathor" title="Meryhathor">Meryhathor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferkare_VIII" title="Neferkare VIII">Neferkare VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahkare_Khety" title="Wahkare Khety">Wahkare Khety</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merikare" title="Merikare">Merykare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Middle_Kingdom_and_Second_Intermediate_Period_(2040–1550_BC)32" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Middle Kingdom of Egypt">Middle Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Second_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Second Intermediate Period of Egypt">Second Intermediate Period</a> <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"> (2040–1550 BC)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><div class="center">Period</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dynasty34" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em"><div class="center">Dynasty</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navbox-group" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pharaohs <ul><li>male</li> <li>female<sup>♀</sup></li></ul></li> <li><i>uncertain</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Middle Kingdom of Egypt">Middle Kingdom</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(2040–1802 BC)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt">XI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_I" title="Mentuhotep I">Mentuhotep I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intef_I" title="Intef I">Intef I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intef_II" title="Intef II">Intef II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intef_III" title="Intef III">Intef III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_II" title="Mentuhotep II">Mentuhotep II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_III" title="Mentuhotep III">Mentuhotep III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentuhotep_IV" title="Mentuhotep IV">Mentuhotep IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em">Nubia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Segerseni" title="Segerseni">Segerseni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qakare_Ini" title="Qakare Ini">Qakare Ini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iyibkhentre" title="Iyibkhentre">Iyibkhentre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt">XII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Amenemhat I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senusret_I" title="Senusret I">Senusret I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemhat_II" title="Amenemhat II">Amenemhat II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senusret_II" title="Senusret II">Senusret II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senusret_III" title="Senusret III">Senusret III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemhat_III" title="Amenemhat III">Amenemhat III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemhat_IV" title="Amenemhat IV">Amenemhat IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekneferu" title="Sobekneferu">Sobekneferu</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Seankhibtawy_Seankhibra" title="Seankhibtawy Seankhibra">Seankhibtawy Seankhibra</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Second_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Second Intermediate Period of Egypt">2<sup>nd</sup> Intermediate</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(1802–1550 BC)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Thirteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Thirteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sekhemre_Khutawy_Sobekhotep" title="Sekhemre Khutawy Sobekhotep">Sekhemrekhutawy Sobekhotep</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonbef" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonbef">Sonbef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerikare" title="Nerikare">Nerikare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemkare" title="Sekhemkare">Sekhemkare Amenemhat V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ameny_Qemau" title="Ameny Qemau">Ameny Qemau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotepibre" title="Hotepibre">Hotepibre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iufni" title="Iufni">Iufni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemhet_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="Amenemhet VI">Ameny Antef Amenemhet VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semenkare_Nebnuni" title="Semenkare Nebnuni">Semenkare Nebnuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sehetepibre" title="Sehetepibre">Sehetepibre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewadjkare" title="Sewadjkare">Sewadjkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nedjemibre" title="Nedjemibre">Nedjemibre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaankhre_Sobekhotep" title="Khaankhre Sobekhotep">Khaankhre Sobekhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renseneb" title="Renseneb">Renseneb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hor" title="Hor">Hor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemrekhutawy_Khabaw" title="Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw">Sekhemrekhutawy Khabaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedkheperew" title="Djedkheperew">Djedkheperew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebkay" title="Sebkay">Sebkay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedjefakare" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedjefakare">Sedjefakare</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wegaf" title="Wegaf">Wegaf</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khendjer" title="Khendjer">Khendjer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imyremeshaw" title="Imyremeshaw">Imyremeshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sehetepkare_Intef" title="Sehetepkare Intef">Sehetepkare Intef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seth_Meribre" title="Seth Meribre">Seth Meribre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekhotep_III" title="Sobekhotep III">Sobekhotep III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferhotep_I" title="Neferhotep I">Neferhotep I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sihathor" title="Sihathor">Sihathor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekhotep_IV" title="Sobekhotep IV">Sobekhotep IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merhotepre_Sobekhotep" title="Merhotepre Sobekhotep">Merhotepre Sobekhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekhotep_VI" class="mw-redirect" title="Sobekhotep VI">Khahotepre Sobekhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wahibre_Ibiau" title="Wahibre Ibiau">Wahibre Ibiau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merneferre_Ay" title="Merneferre Ay">Merneferre Ay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merhotepre_Ini" title="Merhotepre Ini">Merhotepre Ini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankhenre_Sewadjtu" title="Sankhenre Sewadjtu">Sankhenre Sewadjtu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersekhemre_Ined" title="Mersekhemre Ined">Mersekhemre Ined</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewadjkare_Hori" title="Sewadjkare Hori">Sewadjkare Hori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkawre_Sobekhotep" title="Merkawre Sobekhotep">Merkawre Sobekhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mershepsesre_Ini_II" title="Mershepsesre Ini II">Mershepsesre Ini II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewahenre_Senebmiu" title="Sewahenre Senebmiu">Sewahenre Senebmiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkheperre" title="Merkheperre">Merkheperre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merkare" title="Merkare">Merkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewadjare_Mentuhotep" title="Sewadjare Mentuhotep">Sewadjare Mentuhotep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seheqenre_Sankhptahi" title="Seheqenre Sankhptahi">Seheqenre Sankhptahi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fourteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XIV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yakbim_Sekhaenre" title="Yakbim Sekhaenre">Yakbim Sekhaenre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ya%27ammu_Nubwoserre" title="Ya'ammu Nubwoserre">Ya'ammu Nubwoserre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Qareh" class="mw-redirect" title="Qareh">Qareh Khawoserre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aahotepre" class="mw-redirect" title="Aahotepre">'Ammu Ahotepre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sheshi" title="Sheshi">Maaibre Sheshi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nehesy" title="Nehesy">Nehesy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khakherewre" class="mw-redirect" title="Khakherewre">Khakherewre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebefawre" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebefawre">Nebefawre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sehebre" title="Sehebre">Sehebre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merdjefare" title="Merdjefare">Merdjefare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewadjkare_III" title="Sewadjkare III">Sewadjkare III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebdjefare" title="Nebdjefare">Nebdjefare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebsenre" title="Nebsenre">Nebsenre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekheperenre" title="Sekheperenre">Sekheperenre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebnum" title="Bebnum">Bebnum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%27Apepi" title="'Apepi">'Apepi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nuya" title="Nuya">Nuya</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wazad" title="Wazad">Wazad</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sheneh_(pharaoh)" title="Sheneh (pharaoh)">Sheneh</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shenshek" title="Shenshek">Shenshek</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Khamure" title="Khamure">Khamure</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yakareb" title="Yakareb">Yakareb</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yaqub-Har" title="Yaqub-Har">Yaqub-Har</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Fifteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Fifteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sharek" title="Sharek">Sharek</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Semqen" title="Semqen">Semqen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aperanat" title="Aperanat">'Aper-'Anati</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Salitis" title="Salitis">Salitis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakir-Har" title="Sakir-Har">Sakir-Har</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khyan" title="Khyan">Khyan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yanassi" title="Yanassi">Yanassi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apepi" title="Apepi">Apepi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khamudi" title="Khamudi">Khamudi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Sixteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Sixteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XVI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Djehuti" class="mw-redirect" title="Djehuti">Djehuti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekhotep_VIII" title="Sobekhotep VIII">Sobekhotep VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferhotep_III" title="Neferhotep III">Neferhotep III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seankhenre_Mentuhotepi" title="Seankhenre Mentuhotepi">Mentuhotepi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebiryraw_I" title="Nebiryraw I">Nebiryraw I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebiriau_II" title="Nebiriau II">Nebiriau II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semenre" title="Semenre">Semenre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bebiankh" title="Bebiankh">Bebiankh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemre_Shedwast" class="mw-redirect" title="Sekhemre Shedwast">Sekhemre Shedwast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedumose_I" title="Dedumose I">Dedumose I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedumose_II" title="Dedumose II">Dedumose II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djedankhre_Montemsaf" title="Djedankhre Montemsaf">Montuemsaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merankhre_Mentuhotep" title="Merankhre Mentuhotep">Merankhre Mentuhotep</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Senusret_IV" title="Senusret IV">Senusret IV</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pepi_III" title="Pepi III">Pepi III</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Abydos_Dynasty" title="Abydos Dynasty">Abydos</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Senebkay" title="Senebkay">Senebkay</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wepwawetemsaf" title="Wepwawetemsaf">Wepwawetemsaf</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pantjeny" title="Pantjeny">Pantjeny</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Snaaib" title="Snaaib">Snaaib</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;4.75em"><a href="/wiki/Seventeenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Seventeenth Dynasty of Egypt">XVII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rahotep" class="mw-redirect" title="Rahotep">Rahotep</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nebmaatre" title="Nebmaatre">Nebmaatre</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekemsaf_I" title="Sobekemsaf I">Sobekemsaf I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sobekemsaf_II" title="Sobekemsaf II">Sobekemsaf II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemre-Wepmaat_Intef" title="Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef">Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nubkheperre_Intef" title="Nubkheperre Intef">Nubkheperre Intef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat_Intef" title="Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef">Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senakhtenre_Ahmose" title="Senakhtenre Ahmose">Senakhtenre Ahmose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seqenenre_Tao" title="Seqenenre Tao">Seqenenre Tao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamose" title="Kamose">Kamose</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="New_Kingdom_and_Third_Intermediate_Period_(1550–664_BC)32" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Third_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Third Intermediate Period of Egypt">Third Intermediate Period</a> <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal"> (1550–664 BC)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><div class="center">Period</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dynasty34" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em"><div class="center">Dynasty</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navbox-group" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Pharaohs  <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(male</span></li><li><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">female<sup>♀</sup>)</span></li><li><i>uncertain</i></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(1550–1070 BC)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XVIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmose_I" title="Ahmose I">Ahmose I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_I" title="Amenhotep I">Amenhotep I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_I" title="Thutmose I">Thutmose I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_II" title="Thutmose II">Thutmose II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatshepsut" title="Hatshepsut">Hatshepsut</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_III" title="Thutmose III">Thutmose III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_II" title="Amenhotep II">Amenhotep II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thutmose_IV" title="Thutmose IV">Thutmose IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenhotep_III" title="Amenhotep III">Amenhotep III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smenkhkare" title="Smenkhkare">Smenkhkare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neferneferuaten" title="Neferneferuaten">Neferneferuaten</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutankhamun" title="Tutankhamun">Tutankhamun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ay_(pharaoh)" title="Ay (pharaoh)">Ay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horemheb" title="Horemheb">Horemheb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt">XIX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_I" title="Ramesses I">Ramesses I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seti_I" title="Seti I">Seti I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_II" title="Ramesses II">Ramesses II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merneptah" title="Merneptah">Merneptah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenmesse" title="Amenmesse">Amenmesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seti_II" title="Seti II">Seti II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siptah" title="Siptah">Siptah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tausret" title="Tausret">Tausret</a><sup>♀</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt">XX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Setnakhte" title="Setnakhte">Setnakhte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_III" title="Ramesses III">Ramesses III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_IV" title="Ramesses IV">Ramesses IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_V" title="Ramesses V">Ramesses V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_VI" title="Ramesses VI">Ramesses VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_VII" title="Ramesses VII">Ramesses VII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_VIII" title="Ramesses VIII">Ramesses VIII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_IX" title="Ramesses IX">Ramesses IX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_X" title="Ramesses X">Ramesses X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramesses_XI" title="Ramesses XI">Ramesses XI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Third_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Third Intermediate Period of Egypt">3<sup>rd</sup> Intermediate</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(1069–664 BC)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-first_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-first Dynasty of Egypt">XXI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smendes" title="Smendes">Smendes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemnisu" title="Amenemnisu">Amenemnisu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psusennes_I" title="Psusennes I">Psusennes I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amenemope_(pharaoh)" title="Amenemope (pharaoh)">Amenemope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_the_Elder" title="Osorkon the Elder">Osorkon the Elder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siamun" title="Siamun">Siamun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psusennes_II" title="Psusennes II">Psusennes II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/High_Priest_of_Amun" title="High Priest of Amun">High Priests of Amun</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herihor" title="Herihor">Herihor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinedjem_I" title="Pinedjem I">Pinedjem I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-second_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt">XXII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_I" title="Shoshenq I">Shoshenq I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_I" title="Osorkon I">Osorkon I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_II" title="Shoshenq II">Shoshenq II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tutkheperre_Shoshenq" title="Tutkheperre Shoshenq">Tutkheperre Shoshenq</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takelot_I" title="Takelot I">Takelot I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_II" title="Osorkon II">Osorkon II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_III" title="Shoshenq III">Shoshenq III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_IV" title="Shoshenq IV">Shoshenq IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pami" title="Pami">Pami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_V" title="Shoshenq V">Shoshenq V</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pedubast_II" title="Pedubast II">Pedubast II</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_IV" title="Osorkon IV">Osorkon IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-third_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-third Dynasty of Egypt">XXIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harsiese_A" title="Harsiese A">Harsiese A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takelot_II" title="Takelot II">Takelot II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedubast_I" title="Pedubast I">Pedubast I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Iuput_I" title="Iuput I">Iuput I</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_VI" title="Shoshenq VI">Shoshenq VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osorkon_III" title="Osorkon III">Osorkon III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takelot_III" title="Takelot III">Takelot III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudamun" title="Rudamun">Rudamun</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Shoshenq_VII" title="Shoshenq VII">Shoshenq VII</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ini_(pharaoh)" title="Ini (pharaoh)">Menkheperre Ini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt">XXIV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tefnakht" title="Tefnakht">Tefnakht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakenranef" title="Bakenranef">Bakenranef</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt">XXV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piye" title="Piye">Piye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shebitku" title="Shebitku">Shebitku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shabaka" title="Shabaka">Shabaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taharqa" title="Taharqa">Taharqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tantamani" title="Tantamani">Tanutamun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Late_to_Roman_Period_(664_BC–313_AD)32" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Late_Period_of_ancient_Egypt" title="Late Period of ancient Egypt">Late</a> to <a href="/wiki/Roman_Egypt" title="Roman Egypt">Roman Period</a> <span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(664 BC–313 AD)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><div class="center">Period</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Dynasty34" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em"><div class="center">Dynasty</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navbox-group" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Pharaohs <ul><li>male</li> <li>female<sup>♀</sup></li></ul></li> <li><i>uncertain</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Late_Period_of_ancient_Egypt" title="Late Period of ancient Egypt">Late</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(664–332 BC)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-sixth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt">XXVI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ammeris" title="Ammeris">Ammeris</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tefnakht_II" title="Tefnakht II">Tefnakht II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nekauba" title="Nekauba">Nekauba</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necho_I" title="Necho I">Necho I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psamtik_I" title="Psamtik I">Psamtik I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necho_II" title="Necho II">Necho II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psamtik_II" title="Psamtik II">Psamtik II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apries" title="Apries">Wahibre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amasis_II" title="Amasis II">Ahmose II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psamtik_III" title="Psamtik III">Psamtik III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-seventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-seventh Dynasty of Egypt">XXVII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambyses_II" title="Cambyses II">Cambyses II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petubastis_III" title="Petubastis III">Petubastis III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_the_Great" title="Darius the Great">Darius I</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Psammetichus_IV" title="Psammetichus IV">Psammetichus IV</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xerxes_I" title="Xerxes I">Xerxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artaxerxes_I" title="Artaxerxes I">Artaxerxes I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_II" title="Darius II">Darius II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-eighth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-eighth Dynasty of Egypt">XXVIII</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amyrtaeus" title="Amyrtaeus">Amyrtaeus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Twenty-ninth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Twenty-ninth Dynasty of Egypt">XXIX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nepherites_I" title="Nepherites I">Nepherites I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakor" title="Hakor">Hakor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psammuthes" title="Psammuthes">Psammuthes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepherites_II" title="Nepherites II">Nepherites II</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Muthis" title="Muthis">Muthis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Thirtieth_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt">XXX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nectanebo_I" title="Nectanebo I">Nectanebo I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teos_of_Egypt" title="Teos of Egypt">Teos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nectanebo_II" title="Nectanebo II">Nectanebo II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Thirty-first_Dynasty_of_Egypt" title="Thirty-first Dynasty of Egypt">XXXI</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artaxerxes_III" title="Artaxerxes III">Artaxerxes III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khabash" title="Khabash">Khabash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arses_of_Persia" title="Arses of Persia">Arses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_III" title="Darius III">Darius III</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_period" title="Hellenistic period">Hellenistic</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(332–30 BC)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Argead_dynasty" title="Argead dynasty">Argead</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_III_of_Macedon" title="Philip III of Macedon">Philip III Arrhidaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_IV_of_Macedon" title="Alexander IV of Macedon">Alexander IV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_dynasty" title="Ptolemaic dynasty">Ptolemaic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_I_Soter" title="Ptolemy I Soter">Ptolemy I Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_II_Philadelphus" title="Ptolemy II Philadelphus">Ptolemy II Philadelphus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_III_Euergetes" title="Ptolemy III Euergetes">Ptolemy III Euergetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_IV_Philopator" title="Ptolemy IV Philopator">Ptolemy IV Philopator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_V_Epiphanes" title="Ptolemy V Epiphanes">Ptolemy V Epiphanes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_VI_Philometor" title="Ptolemy VI Philometor">Ptolemy VI Philometor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_II" title="Cleopatra II">Cleopatra II</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_VII_Neos_Philopator" title="Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator">Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_VIII_Physcon" title="Ptolemy VIII Physcon">Ptolemy VIII Euergetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_III" title="Cleopatra III">Cleopatra III</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_IX_Lathyros" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemy IX Lathyros">Ptolemy IX Soter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_X_Alexander_I" title="Ptolemy X Alexander I">Ptolemy X Alexander I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berenice_III" title="Berenice III">Berenice III</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_XI_Alexander_II" title="Ptolemy XI Alexander II">Ptolemy XI Alexander II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_XII_Auletes" title="Ptolemy XII Auletes">Ptolemy XII Neos Dionysos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_V" title="Cleopatra V">Cleopatra V</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berenice_IV_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Berenice IV of Egypt">Berenice IV Epiphaneia</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_VI_Tryphaena" class="mw-redirect" title="Cleopatra VI Tryphaena">Cleopatra VI Tryphaena</a></i><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopatra" title="Cleopatra">Cleopatra VII Philopator</a><sup>♀</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_XIII_Theos_Philopator" title="Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator">Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arsinoe_IV" title="Arsinoe IV">Arsinoe IV</a><sup>♀</sup></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemy_XIV_Philopator" title="Ptolemy XIV Philopator">Ptolemy XIV Philopator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caesarion" title="Caesarion">Ptolemy XV Caesarion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:8.25em"><a href="/wiki/Roman_Egypt" title="Roman Egypt">Roman</a><br /><span style="font-weight:normal; font-style:normal">(30 BC–313 AD)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="XXXIV23" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Roman_pharaoh" title="Roman pharaoh">XXXIV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caligula" title="Caligula">Caligula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nero" title="Nero">Nero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galba" title="Galba">Galba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otho" title="Otho">Otho</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vitellius" title="Vitellius">Vitellius</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vespasian" title="Vespasian">Vespasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titus" title="Titus">Titus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domitian" title="Domitian">Domitian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nerva" title="Nerva">Nerva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trajan" title="Trajan">Trajan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadrian" title="Hadrian">Hadrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoninus_Pius" title="Antoninus Pius">Antoninus Pius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Verus" title="Lucius Verus">Lucius Verus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aurelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commodus" title="Commodus">Commodus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pertinax" title="Pertinax">Pertinax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pescennius_Niger" title="Pescennius Niger">Pescennius Niger</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geta_(emperor)" title="Geta (emperor)">Geta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macrinus" title="Macrinus">Macrinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diadumenian" title="Diadumenian">Diadumenian</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Elagabalus" title="Elagabalus">Elagabalus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Severus_Alexander" title="Severus Alexander">Severus Alexander</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maximinus_Thrax" title="Maximinus Thrax">Maximinus Thrax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gordian_I" title="Gordian I">Gordian I</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gordian_II" title="Gordian II">Gordian II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pupienus" title="Pupienus">Pupienus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Balbinus" title="Balbinus">Balbinus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gordian_III" title="Gordian III">Gordian III</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Arab" title="Philip the Arab">Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decius" title="Decius">Decius</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trebonianus_Gallus" title="Trebonianus Gallus">Trebonianus Gallus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aemilianus" title="Aemilianus">Aemilianus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerian_(emperor)" title="Valerian (emperor)">Valerian</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Macrianus_Minor" title="Macrianus Minor">Macrianus Minor</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quietus" title="Quietus">Quietus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Mussius_Aemilianus" title="Lucius Mussius Aemilianus">Lucius Mussius Aemilianus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gallienus" title="Gallienus">Gallienus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Claudius_Gothicus" title="Claudius Gothicus">Claudius Gothicus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quintillus" title="Quintillus">Quintillus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Aurelian" title="Aurelian">Aurelian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tacitus_(emperor)" title="Tacitus (emperor)">Tacitus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Probus_(emperor)" title="Probus (emperor)">Probus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carus" title="Carus">Carus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carinus" title="Carinus">Carinus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Numerian" title="Numerian">Numerian</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximian" title="Maximian">Maximian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galerius" title="Galerius">Galerius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximinus_Daza" title="Maximinus Daza">Maximinus Daza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Dynastic_genealogies32" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Dynastic genealogies</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="First Dynasty of Egypt family tree">1<sup>st</sup></a></li> <li>2<sup>nd</sup></li> <li>3<sup>rd</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Fourth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">4<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt family tree">11<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">12<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">18<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nineteenth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Nineteenth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">19<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Twentieth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">20<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/21st,_22nd_%26_23rd_dynasties_of_Egypt_family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="21st, 22nd & 23rd dynasties of Egypt family tree">21<sup>st</sup> to 23<sup>rd</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-fourth_Dynasty_of_Egypt#Family_tree" title="Twenty-fourth Dynasty of Egypt">24<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-fifth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">25<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-sixth_Dynasty_of_Egypt_family_tree" title="Twenty-sixth Dynasty of Egypt family tree">26<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_family_tree" title="Achaemenid family tree">27<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirtieth_Dynasty_of_Egypt#Family_tree" title="Thirtieth Dynasty of Egypt">30<sup>th</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_family_tree" title="Achaemenid family tree">31<sup>st</sup></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argead_dynasty#Family_tree" title="Argead dynasty">Argead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptolemaic_family_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptolemaic family tree">Ptolemaic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_pharaohs" title="List of pharaohs">List of pharaohs</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18771#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata825" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18771#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata825" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18771#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000105349568">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/3264242">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1804369/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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