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id="toc-Development_of_Bramalea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development_of_Bramalea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Development of Bramalea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development_of_Bramalea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Region_of_Peel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Region_of_Peel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Region of Peel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Region_of_Peel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Development_as_a_city" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Development_as_a_city"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Development as a city</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Development_as_a_city-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cityscape" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cityscape"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Cityscape</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cityscape-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ethnicity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnicity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Ethnicity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnicity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sites_of_interest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sites_of_interest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Sites of interest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sites_of_interest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports_and_recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports_and_recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Sports and recreation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports_and_recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Infrastructure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Health_and_medicine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_and_medicine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Health and medicine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_and_medicine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Courts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Courts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Courts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Courts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transportation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Public_transit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_transit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Public transit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_transit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Air</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Road" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Road</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Representation_in_other_media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Representation_in_other_media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Representation in other media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Representation_in_other_media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>Arts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film,_television_and_comedy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film,_television_and_comedy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.4</span> <span>Film, television and comedy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film,_television_and_comedy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Brampton</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 62 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-62" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">62 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86_(%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%88)" title="برامبتون (أونتاريو) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="برامبتون (أونتاريو)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton" title="Brampton – Atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Brampton" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%8C_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88" title="برمپتون، اونتاریو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="برمپتون، اونتاریو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B0)" title="Брамптан (Антарыа) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Брамптан (Антарыа)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Брамптан – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Брамптан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Брамптън – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Брамптън" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton" title="Brampton – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Brampton" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton_(lungsod_sa_Kanada)" title="Brampton (lungsod sa Kanada) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Brampton (lungsod sa Kanada)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton" title="Brampton – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Brampton" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton_(Ontario)" title="Brampton (Ontario) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Brampton (Ontario)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton" title="Brampton – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Brampton" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BC%CF%80%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BD" title="Μπράμπτον – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μπράμπτον" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton_(Ontario)" title="Brampton (Ontario) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Brampton (Ontario)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton" title="Brampton – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Brampton" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D8%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88" title="برمپتون، انتاریو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="برمپتون، انتاریو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton_(Ontario)" title="Brampton (Ontario) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Brampton (Ontario)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton" title="Brampton – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Brampton" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AC%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%A8,_%E0%AA%93%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF%E0%AB%8B" title="બ્રેમ્પ્ટન, ઓન્ટારીયો – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="બ્રેમ્પ્ટન, ઓન્ટારીયો" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B8%8C%EB%9E%A8%ED%84%B4" title="브램턴 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="브램턴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="ब्रैंपटन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ब्रैंपटन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton,_Ontario" title="Brampton, Ontario – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Brampton, Ontario" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%9E%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE)" title="Брамптон (Онтарио) – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Брамптон (Онтарио)" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton_(Canada)" title="Brampton (Canada) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Brampton (Canada)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F" title="ברמפטון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ברמפטון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton,_Ontario" title="Brampton, Ontario – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Brampton, Ontario" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton" title="Brampton – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Brampton" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bramptonas" title="Bramptonas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bramptonas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BA" title="ബ്രംപ്ടൺ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബ്രംപ്ടൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="برامبتون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="برامبتون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Брамптон – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Брамптон" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton_(Ontario)" title="Brampton (Ontario) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Brampton (Ontario)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="ब्राम्टन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ब्राम्टन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%97%E3%83%88%E3%83%B3" title="ブランプトン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブランプトン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton" title="Brampton – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Brampton" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%A8" title="ਬਰੈਂਪਟਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬਰੈਂਪਟਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%B9%D9%86%D8%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88" title="برامپٹن، انٹاریو – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="برامپٹن، انٹاریو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton" title="Brampton – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Brampton" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton" title="Brampton – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Brampton" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%9E%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE)" title="Брамптон (Онтарио) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Брамптон (Онтарио)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton" title="Brampton – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Brampton" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton_(Kanada)" title="Brampton (Kanada) – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Brampton (Kanada)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A7%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="බ්‍රැම්ටන් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="බ්‍රැම්ටන්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton,_Ontario" title="Brampton, Ontario – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Brampton, Ontario" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton_(Ont%C3%A1rio)" title="Brampton (Ontário) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Brampton (Ontário)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton_(Kanada)" title="Brampton (Kanada) – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Brampton (Kanada)" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%AA%D9%86_(%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%86)" title="برامپتن (ئەنتاریۆ) – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="برامپتن (ئەنتاریۆ)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Брамптон – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Брамптон" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton_(Ontario)" title="Brampton (Ontario) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Brampton (Ontario)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton" title="Brampton – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Brampton" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton,_Ontario" title="Brampton, Ontario – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Brampton, Ontario" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton,_Ontario" title="Brampton, Ontario – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Brampton, Ontario" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="பிராம்ப்டன் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிராம்ப்டன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0)" title="Брәмптон (Канада) – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Брәмптон (Канада)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AC%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="బ్రాంప్టన్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="బ్రాంప్టన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton" title="Brampton – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Brampton" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%9E%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D0%BE)" title="Брамптон (Онтаріо) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Брамптон (Онтаріо)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D9%B9%D9%86%D8%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%88" title="برامپٹن، انٹاریو – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="برامپٹن، انٹاریو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton_(Ontario)" title="Brampton (Ontario) – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Brampton (Ontario)" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton" title="Brampton – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Brampton" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%85%B0%E6%99%AE%E9%A1%BF" title="布兰普顿 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="布兰普顿" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brampton" title="Brampton – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Brampton" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%85%B0%E6%99%AE%E9%A1%BF" title="布兰普顿 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="布兰普顿" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q44198#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Brampton&params=43_41_18_N_79_45_39_W_region:CA-ON_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°41′18″N</span> <span class="longitude">79°45′39″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.68833°N 79.76083°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.68833; -79.76083</span></span></span></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Ontario, Canada</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the city in Ontario, Canada. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Brampton_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Brampton (disambiguation)">Brampton (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Brampton" title="Special:EditPage/Brampton">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Brampton%22">"Brampton"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Brampton%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Brampton%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Brampton%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Brampton%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Brampton%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Ontario, Canada</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Brampton</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Ontario" title="List of cities in Ontario">City</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Ontario#Lower-tier_municipalities" title="List of municipalities in Ontario">lower-tier</a>)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">City of Brampton</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brampton_Dominion_Building.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Brampton Dominion building"><img alt="The Brampton Dominion building" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Brampton_Dominion_Building.jpg/250px-Brampton_Dominion_Building.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Brampton_Dominion_Building.jpg/375px-Brampton_Dominion_Building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Brampton_Dominion_Building.jpg/500px-Brampton_Dominion_Building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="426" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">The Brampton Dominion building</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Brampton.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Brampton"><img alt="Flag of Brampton" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Brampton.svg/100px-Flag_of_Brampton.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Brampton.svg/150px-Flag_of_Brampton.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Brampton.svg/200px-Flag_of_Brampton.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="245" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brampton_Logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official logo of Brampton"><img alt="Official logo of Brampton" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fe/Brampton_Logo.svg/100px-Brampton_Logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fe/Brampton_Logo.svg/150px-Brampton_Logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fe/Brampton_Logo.svg/200px-Brampton_Logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="343" data-file-height="120" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Logo</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Flower City (previously Flower Town)<sup id="cite_ref-rayburn_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rayburn-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Canada_Southern_Ontario_location_map_2.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Brampton is located in Southern Ontario"><img alt="Brampton is located in Southern Ontario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Canada_Southern_Ontario_location_map_2.png/250px-Canada_Southern_Ontario_location_map_2.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Canada_Southern_Ontario_location_map_2.png/375px-Canada_Southern_Ontario_location_map_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Canada_Southern_Ontario_location_map_2.png/500px-Canada_Southern_Ontario_location_map_2.png 2x" data-file-width="994" data-file-height="717" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:54.233%;left:46.16%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Brampton"><img alt="Brampton" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Brampton</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Southern Ontario</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peel_locator_map_2021.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Brampton is located in Regional Municipality of Peel"><img alt="Brampton is located in Regional Municipality of Peel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Peel_locator_map_2021.svg/250px-Peel_locator_map_2021.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Peel_locator_map_2021.svg/375px-Peel_locator_map_2021.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Peel_locator_map_2021.svg/500px-Peel_locator_map_2021.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="295" data-file-height="341" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:58.813%;left:62.803%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Brampton"><img alt="Brampton" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Brampton</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Regional Municipality of Peel</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Brampton&params=43_41_18_N_79_45_39_W_region:CA-ON_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°41′18″N</span> <span class="longitude">79°45′39″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.68833°N 79.76083°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.68833; -79.76083</span></span></span></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">Canada</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Provinces of Canada">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regional_municipality" title="Regional municipality">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Peel,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional Municipality of Peel, Ontario">Peel</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Municipal_corporation" title="Municipal corporation">Incorporation</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1853 (village)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> </th><td class="infobox-data">1873 (town)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> </th><td class="infobox-data">1974 (city)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Brampton,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mayors of Brampton, Ontario">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Brown_(Canadian_politician)" title="Patrick Brown (Canadian politician)">Patrick Brown</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Governing Body</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Brampton_City_Council" title="Brampton City Council">Brampton City Council</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(Canada)" title="Member of Parliament (Canada)">Federal<br />representation</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List of <abbr title="members of Parliament">MPs</abbr></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Maninder_Sidhu" title="Maninder Sidhu">Maninder Sidhu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Canada" title="Liberal Party of Canada">Liberal</a>)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Kamal_Khera" title="Kamal Khera">Kamal Khera</a> (Liberal)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Sahota" title="Ruby Sahota">Ruby Sahota</a> (Liberal)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Shafqat_Ali" title="Shafqat Ali">Shafqat Ali</a> (Liberal)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sidhu" title="Sonia Sidhu">Sonia Sidhu</a> (Liberal)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_Provincial_Parliament_(Ontario)" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of Provincial Parliament (Ontario)">Provincial<br />representation</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List of <abbr title="members of Provincial Parliament">MPPs</abbr></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Amarjot_Sandhu" title="Amarjot Sandhu">Amarjot Sandhu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Ontario" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario">PC</a>)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Prabmeet_Sarkaria" title="Prabmeet Sarkaria">Prabmeet Sarkaria</a> (PC)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Hardeep_Grewal" title="Hardeep Grewal">Hardeep Grewal</a> (PC)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Charmaine_Williams" title="Charmaine Williams">Charmaine Williams</a> (PC)</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><a href="/wiki/Graham_McGregor_(politician)" title="Graham McGregor (politician)">Graham McGregor</a> (PC)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-2021census_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">265.89 km<sup>2</sup> (102.66 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">218 m (715 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(<a href="/wiki/2021_Canadian_census" title="2021 Canadian census">2021</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-2021census_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">656,480 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_the_largest_municipalities_in_Canada_by_population" title="List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population">9th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">2,469/km<sup>2</sup> (6,390/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Bramptonian</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%925" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−5">UTC−5</a> (<a href="/wiki/North_American_Eastern_Time_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Eastern Time Zone">EST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%924" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−4">UTC−4</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Daylight Time">EDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_postal_code#Forward_sortation_areas" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian postal code">Forward sortation area</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code"><a href="/wiki/List_of_L_postal_codes_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="List of L postal codes of Canada">L6P to L7A</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_codes_905,_289,_and_365" class="mw-redirect" title="Area codes 905, 289, and 365">905, 289, 365, and 742</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brampton.ca/">www<wbr />.brampton<wbr />.ca</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44198#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Brampton</b> is a city in the Canadian <a href="/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Canada" title="Provinces and territories of Canada">province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, and the regional seat of the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Peel" title="Regional Municipality of Peel">Regional Municipality of Peel</a>. It is part of the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Toronto_Area" title="Greater Toronto Area">Greater Toronto Area</a> (GTA) and is a <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Ontario#Lower-tier_municipalities" title="List of municipalities in Ontario">lower-tier municipality</a> within the Peel Region. The city has a population of 656,480 as of the <a href="/wiki/2021_Canadian_census" title="2021 Canadian census">2021 Census</a>, making it the <a href="/wiki/List_of_the_largest_municipalities_in_Canada_by_population" title="List of the largest municipalities in Canada by population">ninth most populous municipality</a> in Canada and the third most populous city in the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Golden_Horseshoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Golden Horseshoe">Greater Golden Horseshoe</a> urban area, behind <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mississauga" title="Mississauga">Mississauga</a>. The City of Brampton is bordered by <a href="/wiki/Vaughan" title="Vaughan">Vaughan</a> to the east, <a href="/wiki/Halton_Hills" title="Halton Hills">Halton Hills</a> to the west, <a href="/wiki/Caledon,_Ontario" title="Caledon, Ontario">Caledon</a> to the north, Mississauga to the south, and Etobicoke (Toronto) to the southeast. </p><p>Named after the town of <a href="/wiki/Brampton,_Carlisle" title="Brampton, Carlisle">Brampton</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cumberland" title="Cumberland">Cumberland</a>, England, Brampton was incorporated as a village in 1853 and as a town in 1873, and became a city in 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The modern City of Brampton was formed following an <a href="/wiki/Merger_(politics)" title="Merger (politics)">amalgamation</a> of several surrounding townships and communities. </p><p>The city was once known as "The Flower Town of Canada", a title referring to its abundance of greenhouses and strong <a href="/wiki/Floriculture" title="Floriculture">floriculture</a> industry in the 1860s.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It maintains the term "Flower City" as its slogan. </p><p>In recent times, the city has experienced large population growth. Despite being built as a <a href="/wiki/Car_dependency" title="Car dependency">car-centric</a> city, Brampton has a significant <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Transit" title="Brampton Transit">transit</a> system, with a ridership of 49,200,800, or about 226,500 per weekday as of the second quarter of 2024. Notably, the city is majority populated by people of <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asian</a> origin. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Haggert.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/John_Haggert.gif/170px-John_Haggert.gif" decoding="async" width="170" height="315" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/John_Haggert.gif/255px-John_Haggert.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/John_Haggert.gif 2x" data-file-width="287" data-file-height="532" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_Haggert" title="John Haggert">John Haggert</a>, Brampton's first mayor</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Brampton" title="History of Brampton">History of Brampton</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_Brampton" title="List of mayors of Brampton">List of mayors of Brampton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Fall_Fair" title="Brampton Fall Fair">Brampton Fall Fair</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Library" title="Brampton Library">Brampton Library</a></div> <p>Before the arrival of British settlers, the <a href="/wiki/Mississaugas_of_the_Credit_First_Nation" title="Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation">Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation</a> held 648,000 acres (262,000 ha) of land north of the head of the <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Purchase" title="Toronto Purchase">Lake Purchase</a> lands and extending to the unceded territory of the <a href="/wiki/Chippewa" class="mw-redirect" title="Chippewa">Chippewa</a> of Lakes Huron and Simcoe.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> European settlers began to arrive in the area in the 1600s. In October 1818, the chief of the <a href="/wiki/Mississaugas_of_the_Credit_First_Nation" title="Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation">Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation</a> signed Treaty 19, also known as the Ajetance Purchase,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> surrendering the area to the <a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">British Crown</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to the 1830s, most business in <a href="/wiki/Chinguacousy_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinguacousy Township, Ontario">Chinguacousy Township</a> took place at Martin Salisbury's tavern. One mile from the corner of <a href="/wiki/Hurontario_Street" title="Hurontario Street">Hurontario Street</a> and the 5th Sideroad (now <a href="/wiki/List_of_roads_in_Brampton#Main_Street" title="List of roads in Brampton">Main</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_roads_in_Brampton#Queen_Street" title="List of roads in Brampton">Queen</a> Streets in the centre of Brampton), William Buffy's tavern was the only significant building. At the time, the intersection was referred to as "Buffy's Corners". By 1834, John Elliott laid out the area in lots for sale, calling it "Brampton", which was soon adopted by others.<sup id="cite_ref-100years_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100years-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1853, a small agricultural fair was set up by the newly initiated County Agricultural Society of the County of Peel and was held at the corner of Main and Queen streets.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Grains, produce, roots, and dairy products were up for sale. Horses and cattle, along with other lesser livestock, were also sold at the market. This agricultural fair eventually became the modern <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Fall_Fair" title="Brampton Fall Fair">Brampton Fall Fair</a>. </p><p>In that same year, Brampton was incorporated as a village.<sup id="cite_ref-100years_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100years-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1866, the town became the county seat and the location of the <a href="/wiki/Peel_County_Courthouse" title="Peel County Courthouse">Peel County Courthouse</a> which was built in 1865–66; a three-storey County jail was added at the rear in 1867. </p><p>Edward Dale, an immigrant from <a href="/wiki/Dorking" title="Dorking">Dorking</a>, England, established a flower nursery in Brampton<sup id="cite_ref-nursery_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nursery-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> shortly after his arrival in 1863.<sup id="cite_ref-bost_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bost-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dale's Nursery became the town's largest<sup id="cite_ref-nursery_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nursery-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and most prominent employer, developed a flower grading system,<sup id="cite_ref-bost_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bost-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and established a global export market for its products.<sup id="cite_ref-nursery_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nursery-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company <a href="/wiki/Chimney" title="Chimney">chimney</a> was a town landmark,<sup id="cite_ref-bost_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bost-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until <a href="/wiki/Brampton_City_Council" title="Brampton City Council">Brampton Town Council</a> allowed it to be torn down in 1977.<sup id="cite_ref-bost_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bost-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At its height, the company had 140 greenhouses,<sup id="cite_ref-acresof_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-acresof-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was the largest <a href="/wiki/Floriculture" title="Floriculture">cut flower</a> business in North America,<sup id="cite_ref-floriculture_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-floriculture-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> producing 20 million blooms and introducing numerous rose and orchid varietals and species to the market.<sup id="cite_ref-floriculture_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-floriculture-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also spurred the development of other nurseries in the town. Forty-eight hothouse flower nurseries once did business in the town.<sup id="cite_ref-bost_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bost-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-floriculture_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-floriculture-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alder_Lee,_Gage_Park,_Brampton.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Alder_Lee%2C_Gage_Park%2C_Brampton.jpg/220px-Alder_Lee%2C_Gage_Park%2C_Brampton.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Alder_Lee%2C_Gage_Park%2C_Brampton.jpg/330px-Alder_Lee%2C_Gage_Park%2C_Brampton.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Alder_Lee%2C_Gage_Park%2C_Brampton.jpg/440px-Alder_Lee%2C_Gage_Park%2C_Brampton.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2476" data-file-height="1498" /></a><figcaption>The Alderlea Estate, built c. 1867–1870 for businessman Kenneth Chisholm.</figcaption></figure> <p>In January 1867, Peel County separated from the County of York, a union which had existed since 1851.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1869, Brampton had a population of 1,800.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was incorporated as a town in 1873.<sup id="cite_ref-100years_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100years-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A federal grant had enabled the village to found its first public <a href="/wiki/Library" title="Library">library</a> in 1887, which included 360 volumes from the Mechanic's Institute (established in 1858).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1907, the library received a grant from the Carnegie Foundation, set up by United States steel <a href="/wiki/Magnate" title="Magnate">magnate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philanthropist" class="mw-redirect" title="Philanthropist">philanthropist</a> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Carnegie" title="Andrew Carnegie">Andrew Carnegie</a>, to build a new, expanded library; it serves several purposes, featuring the <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Library" title="Brampton Library">Brampton Library</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_libraries" class="mw-redirect" title="Carnegie libraries">Carnegie libraries</a> were built on the basis of communities coming up with matching funds and guaranteeing maintenance.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1902, Sir <a href="/wiki/William_James_Gage" title="William James Gage">William J. Gage</a> (owner of Gage Publishing, a publishing house specializing in school textbooks) purchased a 3.25-acre (1.32 ha) portion of the gardens and lawns of the Alder Lea estate (now called Alderlea) that had been built on Main Street by Kenneth Chisolm in 1867 to 1870. (Chisholm, a merchant and founding father of Brampton, had been the Town reeve, then warden of Peel County, then MPP for Brampton and eventually, Registrar of Peel County.)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gage donated 1.7 acres (0.69 ha) of the property to the town, with a specific condition that it be made into a park. Citizens donated $1,054 and the town used the funds to purchase extra land to ensure a larger park.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A group of regional farmers in Brampton had trouble getting insurance from city-based companies. After several meetings in Clairville Hall, they decided to found the County of Peel Farmers Mutual Fire Insurance Company.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1955, when the company moved to its third and current location, 103 Queen Street West, it took the new name of Peel Mutual Insurance Company. It reigns as the longest-running company in modern Brampton. Harmsworth Decorating Centre was established in 1890, as Harmsworth and Son, operated out of the family's house on Queen Street West.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The current location was purchased on September 1, 1904, after a fire destroyed their original store. Purchased for $1,400, the 24 Main Street South location is the longest-operating retail business in what is now Brampton.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1974, the two townships of Chinguacousy and Toronto Gore were incorporated into Brampton. The small pine added to the centre of the shield on the Brampton city flag represents Chinguacousy, honouring the <a href="/wiki/Chippewa" class="mw-redirect" title="Chippewa">Chippewa</a> chief <i>Shinguacose,</i> "The Small Pine." After this merger, outlying communities such as <a href="/wiki/Bramalea,_Ontario" title="Bramalea, Ontario">Bramalea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heart_Lake_(Ontario)" title="Heart Lake (Ontario)">Heart Lake</a> and <a href="/wiki/Professor%27s_Lake" title="Professor's Lake">Professor's Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snelgrove,_Ontario" title="Snelgrove, Ontario">Snelgrove</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tullamore,_Ontario" title="Tullamore, Ontario">Tullamore</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marysfield&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marysfield (page does not exist)">Marysfield</a>, were incorporated into the City, and in some instances further developed. </p><p>In 1963, the town established <i>The Flower Festival of Brampton</i>, based on the <i><a href="/wiki/Portland_Rose_Festival" title="Portland Rose Festival">Rose Festival</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oregon" title="Oregon">Oregon</a>, in the United States. It began to market itself as the <i>Flower Town of Canada</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-bost_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bost-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a revival of this theme, on June 24, 2002, the City Council established the "Flower City Strategy",<sup id="cite_ref-FCS_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FCS-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-flowercity_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flowercity-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to promote a connection to its flower-growing heritage.<sup id="cite_ref-floralheritage_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-floralheritage-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The intention was to inspire design projects and community landscaping to beautify the city, adopt a sustainable environmental approach, and to protect its natural and cultural heritage.<sup id="cite_ref-floralheritage_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-floralheritage-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Rose_Theatre,_Brampton" class="mw-redirect" title="Rose Theatre, Brampton">Rose Theatre</a> was named in keeping with this vision and is to serve as a cultural institution in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-bost_13-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bost-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the city participates in the national <a href="/wiki/Communities_in_Bloom" title="Communities in Bloom">Communities in Bloom</a> competition as part of that strategy. </p><p>The Old Shoe Factory, located on 57 Mill Street North, once housed the Hewetson Shoe Company. It was listed as a historical property under the Ontario Heritage Act in 2008. Today it is occupied by various small businesses. The lobby and hallways retain details from 1907. Walls are decorated with pictures and artifacts of local Brampton history and old shoemaking equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A self-guided historical walking tour of downtown Brampton called "A Walk Through Time"<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is available at Brampton City Hall and online at no cost. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development_of_Bramalea">Development of Bramalea</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Development of Bramalea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Bramalea,_Ontario" title="Bramalea, Ontario">Bramalea, Ontario</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bramalea_Civic_Centre_-_2021_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Bramalea_Civic_Centre_-_2021_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Bramalea_Civic_Centre_-_2021_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Bramalea_Civic_Centre_-_2021_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Bramalea_Civic_Centre_-_2021_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Bramalea_Civic_Centre_-_2021_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Bramalea_Civic_Centre_-_2021_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="1999" /></a><figcaption>Bramalea Civic Centre building, the former home of the Chinguacousy Township offices, later housed several city services, including a public library, until 2023, when they moved to make way for a <a href="/wiki/Medical_school" title="Medical school">medical school</a> which is slated to open in 2025<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Planned as an innovative "<a href="/wiki/New_town" class="mw-redirect" title="New town">new town</a>", Bramalea was developed in the 1960s immediately east of the Town of Brampton in Chinguacousy Township. It was Canada's first satellite community developed by one of the country's largest real estate developers, <i>Bramalea Limited.</i><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name "Bramalea" was created by the farmer William Sheard, who combined "BRAM" from Brampton, "MAL" from Malton (then a neighbouring town which is now part of the city of <a href="/wiki/Mississauga" title="Mississauga">Mississauga</a>), and "LEA", an <a href="/wiki/Old_English" title="Old English">Old English</a> word meaning meadow or grassland. He sold the land to Brampton Leasing (the former name of the developer) and built one of Bramalea's first houses on Dixie Road.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The community was developed according to its detailed <a href="/wiki/Strategic_planning" title="Strategic planning">master plan</a>, which included provisions for a parkland trail system and a "downtown" to include essential services and a <a href="/wiki/Shopping_centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Shopping centre">shopping centre</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The downtown's centrepiece was the Civic Centre, built in 1972 to include the city hall and library. Directly across Team Canada Drive, a shopping centre, <a href="/wiki/Bramalea_City_Centre" title="Bramalea City Centre">Bramalea City Centre</a> was built. These developments were connected by a long tunnel, planned to provide protection from winter weather. The tunnel has long since been closed due to safety issues.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Region_of_Peel">Region of Peel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Region of Peel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_City_of_Brampton_1974.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/New_City_of_Brampton_1974.png/220px-New_City_of_Brampton_1974.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/New_City_of_Brampton_1974.png/330px-New_City_of_Brampton_1974.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/New_City_of_Brampton_1974.png/440px-New_City_of_Brampton_1974.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="589" /></a><figcaption>The areas of adjacent municipalities (beige) amalgamated with the Town of Brampton (red) in 1974 to create the present city.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1974, the Ontario provincial government decided to update <a href="/wiki/Peel_County,_Ontario" title="Peel County, Ontario">Peel County</a>'s structure. It amalgamated several towns and villages into the new City of Mississauga. In addition, it created the present City of Brampton from the town and the greater portion of the Townships of Chinguacousy and <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Gore_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Toronto Gore Township, Ontario">Toronto Gore</a>, and the northern extremity of Mississauga south of <a href="/wiki/Steeles_Avenue" title="Steeles Avenue">Steeles Avenue</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including Bramalea and the other communities such as <a href="/wiki/Churchville,_Brampton" title="Churchville, Brampton">Churchville</a>, Claireville, Ebenezer, Victoria, Springbrook, <a href="/wiki/Coleraine,_Ontario" title="Coleraine, Ontario">Coleraine</a>, and Huttonville. While only Huttonville and Churchville still exist as identifiable communities, other names like Claireville are re-emerging as names of new developments.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The province converted Peel County into the <a href="/wiki/Peel_Regional_Municipality,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Peel Regional Municipality, Ontario">Regional Municipality of Peel</a>. Brampton retained its role as the administrative centre of Peel Region, which it already had as <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">county seat</a>. The regional council chamber, the <a href="/wiki/Peel_Regional_Police" title="Peel Regional Police">Peel Regional Police</a> force, the public health department, and the region's only major museum, the <a href="/wiki/Peel_Art_Gallery,_Museum_and_Archives" title="Peel Art Gallery, Museum and Archives">Peel Art Gallery, Museum and Archives</a>, are all located in Brampton.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>This change had its critics among those with a strong sense of local identities. Bramptonians feared urban sprawl would dissolve their town's personality. Bramalea residents took pride in the built-from-scratch and organised structure that had come with their new satellite city and did not want to give it up. Others in Bramalea accept they are part of Brampton, and they make up a "tri-city" area: the original Brampton, Heart Lake, Bramalea.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1972, Chinguacousy built a new civic centre in Bramalea. Two years later, when Brampton and Chinguacousy merged, the new city's council was moved from its modest downtown Brampton locale to the Bramalea building. The library systems of Brampton and Chinguacousy were merged, resulting in a system of four locations.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Some have questioned the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Peel,_Ontario#The_Region's_future" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional Municipality of Peel, Ontario">future of Peel Region</a> as encompassing all of Brampton, Mississauga, and Caledon. The Mississauga council, led by Mayor <a href="/wiki/Hazel_McCallion" title="Hazel McCallion">Hazel McCallion</a>, voted to become a single-tier municipality and asked the provincial government to be separated from Peel Region. They argued the city has outgrown the need for a regional layer of government, and that Mississauga is being held back by supporting Brampton and Caledon with its municipal taxes.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Development_as_a_city">Development as a city</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Development as a city"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brampton_City_Hall_2021.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Brampton_City_Hall_2021.jpg/220px-Brampton_City_Hall_2021.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Brampton_City_Hall_2021.jpg/330px-Brampton_City_Hall_2021.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Brampton_City_Hall_2021.jpg/440px-Brampton_City_Hall_2021.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="1824" /></a><figcaption>Brampton City Hall</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brampton_Town_Centre_Main_St_2021.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Brampton_Town_Centre_Main_St_2021.jpg/220px-Brampton_Town_Centre_Main_St_2021.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Brampton_Town_Centre_Main_St_2021.jpg/330px-Brampton_Town_Centre_Main_St_2021.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Brampton_Town_Centre_Main_St_2021.jpg/440px-Brampton_Town_Centre_Main_St_2021.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>The corner of Main and Queen Streets downtown</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bramalea_City_Centre_Aerial_view_in_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Bramalea_City_Centre_Aerial_view_in_2022.jpg/220px-Bramalea_City_Centre_Aerial_view_in_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Bramalea_City_Centre_Aerial_view_in_2022.jpg/330px-Bramalea_City_Centre_Aerial_view_in_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Bramalea_City_Centre_Aerial_view_in_2022.jpg/440px-Bramalea_City_Centre_Aerial_view_in_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1962" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bramalea_City_Centre" title="Bramalea City Centre">Bramalea City Centre</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bramalea,_Ontario" title="Bramalea, Ontario">Bramalea</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mount_Pleasant_Village_Square_in_Brampton_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Mount_Pleasant_Village_Square_in_Brampton_2022.jpg/220px-Mount_Pleasant_Village_Square_in_Brampton_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Mount_Pleasant_Village_Square_in_Brampton_2022.jpg/330px-Mount_Pleasant_Village_Square_in_Brampton_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Mount_Pleasant_Village_Square_in_Brampton_2022.jpg/440px-Mount_Pleasant_Village_Square_in_Brampton_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Mount Pleasant Village Square</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:10545_Bramalea_Rd_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/10545_Bramalea_Rd_2022.jpg/220px-10545_Bramalea_Rd_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/10545_Bramalea_Rd_2022.jpg/330px-10545_Bramalea_Rd_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/10545_Bramalea_Rd_2022.jpg/440px-10545_Bramalea_Rd_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Springdale</figcaption></figure> <p>In the early 1980s, <a href="/wiki/Cineplex_Odeon" class="mw-redirect" title="Cineplex Odeon">Cineplex Odeon</a> closed the Capitol Theatre in Brampton. The City bought the facility in 1981 under the leadership of councillor Diane Sutter. It adapted the former <a href="/wiki/Vaudeville" title="Vaudeville">vaudeville</a> venue and movie house as a performing arts theatre, to be used also as a live music venue. It was renamed the Heritage Theatre. Renovations and maintenance were expensive.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 1983, Toronto consultants Woods Gordon reported to the City that, rather than continue "pouring money" into the Heritage, they should construct a new 750-seat facility with up-to-date features.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This recommendation was adopted, and the city designated the 2005–06 season as the Heritage Theatre's "grand finale" season. The city funded construction of the new <a href="/wiki/Rose_Theatre,_Brampton" class="mw-redirect" title="Rose Theatre, Brampton">Rose Theatre</a>, which opened in September 2006.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Carabram was founded in 1982, the result of volunteers from different ethnic communities wanting to organize a festival celebrating diversity and cross-cultural friendship. The name was loosely related to Toronto's Caravan Festival of Cultures. Carabram's first event featured <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottish_people" title="Scottish people">Scots</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukrainian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/West_Indian" title="West Indian">West Indian</a> pavilions. By 2003, the fair had 18 pavilions attracting 45,000 visitors.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Brampton has grown to become one of the most diverse cities in Canada. In 1996, the city was 13% South Asian and 8.2% black.<sup id="cite_ref-1996census_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1996census-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2016, the South Asian community grew significantly to represent 44.3% of the city's population, while the black population grew to 14%.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Responding to a growing multi-cultural population, the Peel Board of Education introduced evening <a href="/wiki/English_language_learning_and_teaching" class="mw-redirect" title="English language learning and teaching">English as a Second Language</a> (ESL) classes at high schools. Originally taught by volunteers, the classes eventually were scheduled as daytime courses taught by paid instructors. In the 1980s, the public and Catholic board expanded its language programs, offering night classes in 23 languages. These were introduced due to requests by parents, who wanted their children to learn their ancestral languages and heritage. </p><p>In the late 1980s, Mayor <a href="/wiki/Ken_Whillans" title="Ken Whillans">Ken Whillans</a> gained approval and funding for the construction of <a href="/wiki/Brampton_City_Hall" title="Brampton City Hall">a new city hall</a> in Brampton's downtown. The facility was designed by local architects and built on the site of a former bus terminal.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whillians did not get to see the opening of the new hall in June 1991 because of his death in August 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its completion brought the municipal government back to downtown Brampton. The facility expanded in 2014 with the addition of a nine-storey tower at 41 George Street and is connected to the original building by a glass walkway called Heritage Way.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1991, development of another new town, <a href="/wiki/Springdale,_Brampton" title="Springdale, Brampton">Springdale</a>, began. In 1999, development started to appear as far north as the city's border with Caledon along Mayfield Road. The Region designated this border as the line of demarcation for urban development until 2021, although development already began spilling north of Mayfield in the late 2010s.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Part of the boundary between Brampton and <a href="/wiki/Vaughan,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaughan, Ontario">Vaughan</a> is also nearly completely urbanized.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Changes continue to reflect the growth of the city. In 1992 the City purchased the Brampton Fairgrounds, to be used for other development. The Agricultural Society relocated in 1997 outside the boundaries of the city to Heart Lake and Old School roads.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Brampton's 2003 Sesquicentennial celebrations boosted community spirit, reviving the tradition of a summer parade (with 100 floats), and creating other initiatives.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> To commemorate the town's history, the city under Mayor Fennell reintroduced floral projects to the community. These have included more plantings around town, the revival in 2005 of the city Parade, and participation in the Canada <a href="/wiki/Communities_in_Bloom" title="Communities in Bloom">Communities in Bloom</a> project.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cityscape">Cityscape</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Cityscape"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brampton_aerial_view_in_2021.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Brampton_aerial_view_in_2021.jpg/800px-Brampton_aerial_view_in_2021.jpg" decoding="async" width="800" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Brampton_aerial_view_in_2021.jpg/1200px-Brampton_aerial_view_in_2021.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Brampton_aerial_view_in_2021.jpg/1600px-Brampton_aerial_view_in_2021.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4419" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Aerial view of Brampton in 2021</div></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brampton has a total land area of 265 square kilometres (102 sq mi). The City of Brampton is bordered by Highway 50 (<a href="/wiki/Vaughan" title="Vaughan">Vaughan</a>) to the east, Winston Churchill Boulevard (<a href="/wiki/Halton_Hills" title="Halton Hills">Halton Hills</a>) to the west, Mayfield Road (<a href="/wiki/Caledon,_Ontario" title="Caledon, Ontario">Caledon</a>) to the north (except for a small neighbourhood, <a href="/wiki/Snelgrove,_Ontario" title="Snelgrove, Ontario">Snelgrove</a>, which is part of Brampton despite extending somewhat north of Mayfield Road), the <a href="/wiki/Hydro_corridor" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydro corridor">hydro corridor</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mississauga" title="Mississauga">Mississauga</a>) to the south as far east as Torbram Road, where the border between the two cities follows the <a href="/wiki/CN_Halton_Subdivision" title="CN Halton Subdivision">CN Halton Subdivision</a>, and Etobicoke (<a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>) to the southeast from the intersection of Steeles Ave E and Albion Road, to where Indian Line meets the West Humber Trail at the Trail's western starting point situated just south of the Claireville Reservoir. </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brampton features a <a href="/wiki/Continental_climate" title="Continental climate">continental climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> <i>Dfa</i>) which is typical of the rest of the Greater Toronto Area. </p><p>Data from <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Pearson_International_Airport" title="Toronto Pearson International Airport">Toronto Pearson International Airport</a>, located 10.55 km (6.56 mi) east. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Pearson_International_Airport" title="Toronto Pearson International Airport">Lester B. Pearson International Airport</a> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brampton</a> and North <a href="/wiki/Mississauga" title="Mississauga">Mississauga</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Location_identifier#WMO_station_identifiers" title="Location identifier">WMO ID</a>: 71624; coordinates <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Brampton&params=43_40_38_N_79_37_50_W_type:airport_region:CA-ON&title=Toronto+Lester+B.+Pearson+International+Airport"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°40′38″N</span> <span class="longitude">79°37′50″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.67722°N 79.63056°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.67722; -79.63056</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Toronto Lester B. Pearson International Airport</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span>, elevation: 173.4 m (569 ft), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1937–present </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high <a href="/wiki/Humidex" title="Humidex">humidex</a> </th> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0 </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3 </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.6 </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">37.9 </td> <td style="background: #EF0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.6 </td> <td style="background: #C60000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45.6 </td> <td style="background: #850000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">50.3 </td> <td style="background: #B80000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">46.6 </td> <td style="background: #A50000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">48.0 </td> <td style="background: #FF1000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.1 </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.6 </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9 </td> <td style="background: #850000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">50.3 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.6<br />(63.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.7<br />(63.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.0<br />(78.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF4700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.1<br />(88.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.4<br />(93.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF2100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.7<br />(98.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">37.9<br />(100.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.3<br />(100.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF2100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.7<br />(98.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.8<br />(89.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.1<br />(77.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">38.3<br />(100.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.2<br />(29.8) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.3<br />(31.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFFBF8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.0<br />(41.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0<br />(53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2<br />(66.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.5<br />(76.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.4<br />(81.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.3<br />(79.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8409; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.3<br />(72.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.6<br />(58.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE7D0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.9<br />(46.2) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9<br />(35.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5<br />(23) </td> <td style="background: #CECEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.4<br />(24.1) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6<br />(33.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0<br />(44.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.7<br />(56.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2<br />(66.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.1<br />(71.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA954; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.9<br />(62.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.1<br />(39.4) </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.6<br />(29.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE2C6; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">8.6<br />(47.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.9<br />(16.0) </td> <td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.5<br />(16.7) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.8<br />(25.2) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9<br />(35.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFE5CC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.2<br />(46.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFBE7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.9<br />(57.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB163; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.8<br />(60.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(52.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF9F3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3<br />(41.5) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2<br />(32.4) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5<br />(23) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #3D3DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−31.3<br />(−24.3) </td> <td style="background: #3E3EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−31.1<br />(−24.0) </td> <td style="background: #4A4AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−28.9<br />(−20.0) </td> <td style="background: #8989FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−17.2<br />(1.0) </td> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.6<br />(21.9) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6<br />(33.1) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9<br />(39.0) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(34.0) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.9<br />(25.0) </td> <td style="background: #B9B9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.3<br />(17.1) </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−18.3<br />(−0.9) </td> <td style="background: #3E3EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−31.1<br />(−24.0) </td> <td style="background: #3D3DFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−31.3<br />(−24.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low <a href="/wiki/Wind_chill" title="Wind chill">wind chill</a> </th> <td style="background: #0000F4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−44.7 </td> <td style="background: #1414FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−38.9 </td> <td style="background: #2323FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−36.2 </td> <td style="background: #5D5DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−25.4 </td> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−9.5 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #BBBBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.0 </td> <td style="background: #9D9DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−13.5 </td> <td style="background: #5D5DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−25.4 </td> <td style="background: #1616FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−38.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000F4; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−44.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #A3FFA3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.6<br />(2.43) </td> <td style="background: #ACFFAC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.2<br />(1.98) </td> <td style="background: #B3FFB3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.5<br />(1.99) </td> <td style="background: #88FF88; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76.7<br />(3.02) </td> <td style="background: #8BFF8B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.6<br />(3.06) </td> <td style="background: #82FF82; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.7<br />(3.18) </td> <td style="background: #90FF90; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.0<br />(2.91) </td> <td style="background: #98FF98; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.5<br />(2.70) </td> <td style="background: #94FF94; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.4<br />(2.73) </td> <td style="background: #9AFF9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.2<br />(2.65) </td> <td style="background: #90FF90; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.8<br />(2.83) </td> <td style="background: #A7FFA7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.6<br />(2.31) </td> <td style="background: #98FF98; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">806.8<br />(31.76) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.8<br />(1.33) </td> <td style="background: #D7FFD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(0.94) </td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.0<br />(1.34) </td> <td style="background: #92FF92; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.7<br />(2.78) </td> <td style="background: #8BFF8B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.5<br />(3.05) </td> <td style="background: #82FF82; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.7<br />(3.18) </td> <td style="background: #90FF90; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.0<br />(2.91) </td> <td style="background: #98FF98; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.5<br />(2.70) </td> <td style="background: #94FF94; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.4<br />(2.73) </td> <td style="background: #9BFF9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.0<br />(2.64) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.7<br />(2.47) </td> <td style="background: #CAFFCA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.3<br />(1.39) </td> <td style="background: #A6FFA6; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">697.4<br />(27.46) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">31.5<br />(12.4) </td> <td style="background: #003800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">27.7<br />(10.9) </td> <td style="background: #00FD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(6.8) </td> <td style="background: #B9FFB9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5<br />(1.8) </td> <td style="background: #FDFFFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FCFFFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2<br />(0.1) </td> <td style="background: #6FFF6F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3<br />(3.7) </td> <td style="background: #009600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">24.1<br />(9.5) </td> <td style="background: #6EFF6E; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">114.5<br />(45.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #3737FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.2 </td> <td style="background: #5C5CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.0 </td> <td style="background: #6767FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3 </td> <td style="background: #5F5FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.5 </td> <td style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.7 </td> <td style="background: #7575FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.3 </td> <td style="background: #8686FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8 </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2 </td> <td style="background: #6161FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.8 </td> <td style="background: #5E5EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.6 </td> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.9 </td> <td style="background: #6464FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">147.3 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2 </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6 </td> <td style="background: #A6A6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2 </td> <td style="background: #6969FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7 </td> <td style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.7 </td> <td style="background: #7575FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.3 </td> <td style="background: #8686FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8 </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2 </td> <td style="background: #6161FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.8 </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4 </td> <td style="background: #A2A2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5 </td> <td style="background: #8787FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">114.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 cm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.7 </td> <td style="background: #7B7BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7 </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8 </td> <td style="background: #E2E2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.2 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.12 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.24 </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6 </td> <td style="background: #8D8DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.2 </td> <td style="background: #D0D0FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">44.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(at 15:00)</span> </th> <td style="background: #93FF93; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.7 </td> <td style="background: #99FF99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.7 </td> <td style="background: #A4FFA4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.5 </td> <td style="background: #ACFFAC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.4 </td> <td style="background: #ACFFAC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.6 </td> <td style="background: #ABFFAB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.4 </td> <td style="background: #ADFFAD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.9 </td> <td style="background: #AAFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.2 </td> <td style="background: #A6FFA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.3 </td> <td style="background: #A0FFA0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.6 </td> <td style="background: #98FF98; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.7 </td> <td style="background: #92FF92; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70.5 </td> <td style="background: #A2FFA2; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">60.0 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #919191; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">79.7 </td> <td style="background: #B7B757; color:#000000;" class="notheme">112.2 </td> <td style="background: #C8C800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">159.4 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">204.4 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">228.2 </td> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">249.7 </td> <td style="background: #EDED08; color:#000000;" class="notheme">294.4 </td> <td style="background: #E8E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">274.5 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">215.7 </td> <td style="background: #CACA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">163.7 </td> <td style="background: #ABAB9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94.2 </td> <td style="background: #9D9D9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.2 </td> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,161.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a> </th> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.6 </td> <td style="background: #EAEA02; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38.0 </td> <td style="background: #F3F317; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF36; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.8 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.1 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF43; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.1 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF68; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF69; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63.4 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF51; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.4 </td> <td style="background: #FBFB2A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.8 </td> <td style="background: #E0E000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.0 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.9 </td> <td style="background: #F9F924; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">46.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Environment_and_Climate_Change_Canada" title="Environment and Climate Change Canada">Environment and Climate Change Canada</a><sup id="cite_ref-ccnpearson_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ccnpearson-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <p>Data is from <a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Ontario" title="Georgetown, Ontario">Georgetown</a>, located 10.93 km (6.79 mi) south southwest. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:100%; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Ontario" title="Georgetown, Ontario">Georgetown</a> WWTP (<a href="/wiki/Halton_Hills" title="Halton Hills">Halton Hills</a>)<br />Climate ID: 6152695; coordinates <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Brampton&params=43_28_34_N_79_52_45_W_type:landmark_region:CA-ON&title=Georgetown+WWTP"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°28′34″N</span> <span class="longitude">79°52′45″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.47611°N 79.87917°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.47611; -79.87917</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Georgetown WWTP</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span>; elevation: 221 m (725 ft); 1981–2010 normals </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.0<br />(62.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5<br />(59.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.5<br />(88.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.5<br />(94.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.0<br />(96.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.0<br />(98.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF2200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.5<br />(97.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF2900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.5<br />(95.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.5<br />(85.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.0<br />(71.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.5<br />(68.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">37.0<br />(98.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.7<br />(28.9) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.2<br />(31.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6<br />(40.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1<br />(53.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9A35; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.1<br />(66.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4<br />(75.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.9<br />(80.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.8<br />(78.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.4<br />(70.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3<br />(45.1) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(34.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFC58B; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">12.9<br />(55.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #C4C4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.3<br />(20.7) </td> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.2<br />(22.6) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.9<br />(30.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0<br />(42.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFC993; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3<br />(54.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.4<br />(63.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8<br />(58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4C9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4<br />(47.1) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8<br />(37.0) </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.9<br />(26.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDB; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">7.1<br />(44.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10.9<br />(12.4) </td> <td style="background: #AFAFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10.2<br />(13.6) </td> <td style="background: #C4C4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.4<br />(20.5) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.2<br />(31.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF9F3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.3<br />(41.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4<br />(50.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.0<br />(55.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1<br />(53.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1<br />(46.6) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4<br />(36.3) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.7<br />(28.9) </td> <td style="background: #C1C1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.9<br />(19.6) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1.3<br />(34.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #3434FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−33.0<br />(−27.4) </td> <td style="background: #3C3CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−31.5<br />(−24.7) </td> <td style="background: #4F4FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−28.0<br />(−18.4) </td> <td style="background: #A0A0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−13.0<br />(8.6) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.0<br />(23.0) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.5<br />(31.1) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.0<br />(37.4) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.0<br />(24.8) </td> <td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.5<br />(16.7) </td> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−15.5<br />(4.1) </td> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−29.5<br />(−21.1) </td> <td style="background: #3434FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−33.0<br />(−27.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #99FF99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.8<br />(2.67) </td> <td style="background: #9CFF9C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.0<br />(2.36) </td> <td style="background: #A9FFA9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.2<br />(2.25) </td> <td style="background: #89FF89; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76.5<br />(3.01) </td> <td style="background: #88FF88; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.3<br />(3.12) </td> <td style="background: #8BFF8B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.8<br />(2.94) </td> <td style="background: #91FF91; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.5<br />(2.89) </td> <td style="background: #88FF88; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.3<br />(3.12) </td> <td style="background: #7AFF7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.2<br />(3.39) </td> <td style="background: #99FF99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.3<br />(2.69) </td> <td style="background: #76FF76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88.5<br />(3.48) </td> <td style="background: #9CFF9C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.9<br />(2.59) </td> <td style="background: #90FF90; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">877.4<br />(34.54) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #D2FFD2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.7<br />(1.17) </td> <td style="background: #D0FFD0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.4<br />(1.12) </td> <td style="background: #CAFFCA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.2<br />(1.39) </td> <td style="background: #91FF91; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.3<br />(2.81) </td> <td style="background: #89FF89; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.0<br />(3.11) </td> <td style="background: #8BFF8B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.8<br />(2.94) </td> <td style="background: #91FF91; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.5<br />(2.89) </td> <td style="background: #88FF88; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.3<br />(3.12) </td> <td style="background: #7AFF7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.2<br />(3.39) </td> <td style="background: #99FF99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.8<br />(2.67) </td> <td style="background: #83FF83; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.9<br />(3.15) </td> <td style="background: #C8FFC8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.4<br />(1.43) </td> <td style="background: #A1FFA1; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">741.5<br />(29.19) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.1<br />(15.0) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">31.7<br />(12.5) </td> <td style="background: #00B400; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">22.1<br />(8.7) </td> <td style="background: #AEFFAE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.2<br />(2.0) </td> <td style="background: #FAFFFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3<br />(0.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #F7FFF7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.5<br />(0.2) </td> <td style="background: #7AFF7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.6<br />(3.4) </td> <td style="background: #004600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">29.5<br />(11.6) </td> <td style="background: #53FF53; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">135.9<br />(53.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #6363FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.6 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6 </td> <td style="background: #6060FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.4 </td> <td style="background: #6C6CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.9 </td> <td style="background: #7070FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2 </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6 </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6 </td> <td style="background: #6969FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7 </td> <td style="background: #6767FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3 </td> <td style="background: #5555FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.3 </td> <td style="background: #6767FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3 </td> <td style="background: #6D6DFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">138.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #CCCCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.1 </td> <td style="background: #C7C7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.1 </td> <td style="background: #B0B0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4 </td> <td style="background: #6B6BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6 </td> <td style="background: #6D6DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.8 </td> <td style="background: #7070FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2 </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6 </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6 </td> <td style="background: #6969FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.7 </td> <td style="background: #6868FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2 </td> <td style="background: #6D6DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4 </td> <td style="background: #AEAEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5 </td> <td style="background: #8989FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">112.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 cm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #8B8BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 </td> <td style="background: #ABABFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2 </td> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8 </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.4 </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.04 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.27 </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5 </td> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">31.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Environment_and_Climate_Change_Canada" title="Environment and Climate Change Canada">Environment and Climate Change Canada</a><sup id="cite_ref-ccngeorgetown_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ccngeorgetown-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical populations</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1858</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">50</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1871</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,090</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+4080.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1881</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,920</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+39.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1891</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">3,252</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+11.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1901</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">2,748</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−15.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_1911_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 1911 Census">1911</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">3,412</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+24.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1921</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">4,527</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+32.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1931</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">5,532</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+22.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1941</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">5,975</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+8.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1951</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">8,389</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+40.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1961</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">18,467</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+120.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1971</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">41,211</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+123.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1981</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">149,030</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+261.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1991</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">234,445</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+57.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/Canada_1996_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 1996 Census">1996</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">268,251</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+14.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_2001_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2001 Census">2001</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">325,428</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+21.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_2006_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2006 Census">2006</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">433,806</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+33.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_2011_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2011 Census">2011</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">523,906</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+20.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_2016_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2016 Census">2016</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">593,638</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+13.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_2021_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2021 Census">2021</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">656,480</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+10.6%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Brampton annexed Chinguacousy—which included the highly populated community of Bramalea—and Toronto Gore Townships in 1974.<br />The 2011 population count was revised in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/2021_Canadian_census" title="2021 Canadian census">2021 Census of Population</a> conducted by <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a>, Brampton had a population of <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005656480000000000♠"></span>656,480</span> living in <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005182472000000000♠"></span>182,472</span> of its <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005189086000000000♠"></span>189,086</span> total private dwellings, a change of <span data-sort-value="7001105859126268870♠" style="display:none"></span>10.6% from its 2016 population of <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7005593638000000000♠"></span>593,638</span>. With a land area of 265.89 km<sup>2</sup> (102.66 sq mi), it had a population density of <span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7003246899093610139♠"></span>2,469.0/km<sup>2</sup> (6,394.7/sq mi) in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-2021censusb_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021censusb-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At its growth rate of 10.6% since the 2016 census, Brampton was the fastest-growing of Canada's largest 25 municipalities.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnicity">Ethnicity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Ethnicity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 2021 Canadian census, people of <a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="South Asian Canadian">South Asian</a> origin were the largest ethnocultural group in Brampton - accounting for 52.4% of the population. Other groups included those of <a href="/wiki/European_Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="European Canadian">European</a> (18.9%), <a href="/wiki/Black_Canadians" title="Black Canadians">Black</a> (13.1%), <a href="/wiki/Filipino_Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="Filipino Canadian">Filipino</a> (3.2%), <a href="/wiki/Latin_American_Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin American Canadian">Latin American</a> (2.1%), <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asian</a> (1.4%), <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Canadians" title="Chinese Canadians">Chinese</a> (1.1%), <a href="/wiki/West_Asian_Canadians" title="West Asian Canadians">West Asian</a> (1.1%), and <a href="/wiki/Arab_Canadians" title="Arab Canadians">Arab</a> (1%) ancestry.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city is very ethnically diverse with approximately 60% of Brampton's residents being <a href="/wiki/Foreign_born" title="Foreign born">foreign-born</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Brampton2021census_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brampton2021census-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable collapsible sortable"> <caption><a href="/wiki/Panethnicity" title="Panethnicity">Panethnic</a> groups in the City of Brampton (1996−2021) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Panethnicity" title="Panethnicity">Panethnic</a><br />group </th> <th colspan="2">2021<sup id="cite_ref-2021censusB_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021censusB-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">2016<sup id="cite_ref-2016census_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016census-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">2011<sup id="cite_ref-2011census_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011census-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">2006<sup id="cite_ref-2006census_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2006census-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">2001<sup id="cite_ref-2001census_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2001census-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">1996<sup id="cite_ref-1996census_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1996census-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Population" title="Population"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></a> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Canadians" title="South Asian Canadians">South Asian</a> </td> <td>340,815 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001524197703659840♠" style="display:none"></span>52.42% </td> <td>261,705 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001442854725442084♠" style="display:none"></span>44.29% </td> <td>200,220 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001384067214639901♠" style="display:none"></span>38.41% </td> <td>136,750 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001316862654231593♠" style="display:none"></span>31.69% </td> <td>63,205 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001194842627701223♠" style="display:none"></span>19.48% </td> <td>34,720 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001129954710483961♠" style="display:none"></span>13% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Canadians" title="European Canadians">European</a><sup id="cite_ref-euro_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-euro-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>123,060 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001189275030184645♠" style="display:none"></span>18.93% </td> <td>153,390 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001259565107031051♠" style="display:none"></span>25.96% </td> <td>171,655 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001329273088247988♠" style="display:none"></span>32.93% </td> <td>182,760 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001423472165903956♠" style="display:none"></span>42.35% </td> <td>192,395 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001593097814359258♠" style="display:none"></span>59.31% </td> <td>186,270 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001697196541527866♠" style="display:none"></span>69.72% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African-Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="African-Canadian">Black</a> </td> <td>85,310 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001131212845969869♠" style="display:none"></span>13.12% </td> <td>82,175 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001139055757678314♠" style="display:none"></span>13.91% </td> <td>70,290 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001134832107267199♠" style="display:none"></span>13.48% </td> <td>53,340 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001123593813358049♠" style="display:none"></span>12.36% </td> <td>32,070 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000988624803477295♠" style="display:none"></span>9.89% </td> <td>21,810 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000816334169255530♠" style="display:none"></span>8.16% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asian</a><sup id="cite_ref-SoutheastAsian_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SoutheastAsian-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>30,155 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000463805341720947♠" style="display:none"></span>4.64% </td> <td>28,525 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000482697351721803♠" style="display:none"></span>4.83% </td> <td>26,535 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000509001275620306♠" style="display:none"></span>5.09% </td> <td>18,110 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000419625789260267♠" style="display:none"></span>4.2% </td> <td>9,970 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000307346095748944♠" style="display:none"></span>3.07% </td> <td>6,990 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000261631171164427♠" style="display:none"></span>2.62% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_Canadians" title="Middle Eastern Canadians">Middle Eastern</a><sup id="cite_ref-MiddleEastern_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MiddleEastern-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>13,715 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000210946452054478♠" style="display:none"></span>2.11% </td> <td>11,320 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000191555969202132♠" style="display:none"></span>1.92% </td> <td>7,610 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000145977000469965♠" style="display:none"></span>1.46% </td> <td>5,475 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000126860916410820♠" style="display:none"></span>1.27% </td> <td>2,935 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999904775116372267♠" style="display:none"></span>0.9% </td> <td>1,995 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999746715574353408♠" style="display:none"></span>0.75% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_Canadians" title="Latin American Canadians">Latin American</a> </td> <td>13,490 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000207485792068167♠" style="display:none"></span>2.07% </td> <td>14,045 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000237668161434977♠" style="display:none"></span>2.38% </td> <td>11,405 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000218773678102490♠" style="display:none"></span>2.19% </td> <td>8,545 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000197995713375427♠" style="display:none"></span>1.98% </td> <td>5,225 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000161071549677856♠" style="display:none"></span>1.61% </td> <td>2,595 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999971291686940899♠" style="display:none"></span>0.97% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Canadians" title="East Asian Canadians">East Asian</a><sup id="cite_ref-EastAsian_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EastAsian-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>8,000 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000123045688402174♠" style="display:none"></span>1.23% </td> <td>9,915 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000167780692105931♠" style="display:none"></span>1.68% </td> <td>9,235 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000177148173369268♠" style="display:none"></span>1.77% </td> <td>8,930 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000206916526675548♠" style="display:none"></span>2.07% </td> <td>6,595 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000203304664138845♠" style="display:none"></span>2.03% </td> <td>6,100 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000228319047797282♠" style="display:none"></span>2.28% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_Canada" title="Indigenous peoples in Canada">Indigenous</a> </td> <td>3,255 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999500642144686348♠" style="display:none"></span>0.5% </td> <td>4,330 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999732718504103562♠" style="display:none"></span>0.73% </td> <td>3,430 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999657951526428359♠" style="display:none"></span>0.66% </td> <td>2,665 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999617505647917511♠" style="display:none"></span>0.62% </td> <td>1,720 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999530225962575911♠" style="display:none"></span>0.53% </td> <td>950 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999355578844930194♠" style="display:none"></span>0.36% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other/<a href="/wiki/Multiracial_people" title="Multiracial people">Multiracial</a><sup id="cite_ref-Other_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Other-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>32,370 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000497873616697299♠" style="display:none"></span>4.98% </td> <td>25,535 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000432100854556223♠" style="display:none"></span>4.32% </td> <td>20,940 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000401676529545476♠" style="display:none"></span>4.02% </td> <td>14,995 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000347448299832010♠" style="display:none"></span>3.47% </td> <td>10,290 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000317210764820123♠" style="display:none"></span>3.17% </td> <td>5,740 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000214844481042033♠" style="display:none"></span>2.15% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total responses </th> <th>650,165 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7001990380514257860♠" style="display:none"></span>99.04% </th> <th>590,950 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7001995471987979206♠" style="display:none"></span>99.55% </th> <th>521,315 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7001995044959926399♠" style="display:none"></span>99.5% </th> <th>431,575 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7001994857148126120♠" style="display:none"></span>99.49% </th> <th>324,390 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7001996810354364099♠" style="display:none"></span>99.68% </th> <th>267,170 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7001995970192096208♠" style="display:none"></span>99.6% </th></tr> <tr> <th>Total population </th> <th>656,480 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>593,638 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>523,911 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>433,806 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>325,428 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>268,251 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <td colspan="15"><span style="font-size:85%;">Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 15915.284869129px; border-left-color:darkorchid"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:darkorchid"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:darkorchid"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 3182.0515953774px; border-left-color:deeppink"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:deeppink"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:deeppink"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 3182.0515953774px; border-left-color:darkkhaki"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:darkkhaki"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:darkkhaki"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 2651.3256287233px; border-left-color:aqua"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:aqua"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:aqua"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 932.64236482217px; border-left-color:green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:green"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:green"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 124.01991640705px; border-left-color:honeydew"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:honeydew"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:honeydew"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 25.00696627359px; border-left-color:orange"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:orange"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:orange"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:62.76913612907px 77.846230156702px 0 0; border-top-color:yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:yellow"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 79.600600118136px 100px 0; border-right-color:dodgerblue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:dodgerblue"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Religion in Brampton (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-BramptonCityReligion2021_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BramptonCityReligion2021-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:dodgerblue; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Canada" title="Christianity in Canada">Christianity</a> (35.7%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:yellow; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Canada" title="Sikhism in Canada">Sikhism</a> (25.1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:orange; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Canada" title="Hinduism in Canada">Hinduism</a> (18.1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:honeydew; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_Canada" title="Irreligion in Canada">No Religion</a> (10.3%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:green; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Canada" title="Islam in Canada">Islam</a> (9.1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:aqua; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Canada" title="Buddhism in Canada">Buddhism</a> (1.1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:darkkhaki; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Judaism_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Judaism in Canada">Judaism</a> (0.1%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:deeppink; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Mythologies_of_the_indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Mythologies of the indigenous peoples of the Americas">Indigenous</a> (0.0%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:darkorchid; color:white;"> </span> Other Religions (0.4%)</div> </div> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2021, the most reported religion among the population was <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Canada" title="Christianity in Canada">Christianity</a> (35.7%), with <a href="/wiki/Catholicism_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholicism in Canada">Catholicism</a> (17.3%) making up the largest denomination. This was followed by <a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Canada" title="Sikhism in Canada">Sikhism</a> (25.1%), <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Canada" title="Hinduism in Canada">Hinduism</a> (18.1%), <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Canada" title="Islam in Canada">Islam</a> (9.1%), and <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Canada" title="Buddhism in Canada">Buddhism</a> (1.1%). 10.3% of the population <a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_Canada" title="Irreligion in Canada">did not identify with a particular religion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Brampton has Canada's largest Sikh population and third largest Sikh proportion (behind <a href="/wiki/Surrey,_British_Columbia" title="Surrey, British Columbia">Surrey</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abbotsford,_British_Columbia" title="Abbotsford, British Columbia">Abbotsford</a>); the city also has Canada's second-largest Hindu population (behind Toronto) and largest Hindu proportion.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Ontario_Temple" title="Toronto Ontario Temple">Toronto Ontario Temple</a> for <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a> (LDS Church) is located in Brampton.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable collapsible sortable"> <caption><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Canada" title="Religion in Canada">Religious</a> groups in the City of Brampton (1991−2021) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Canada" title="Religion in Canada">Religious</a><br />group </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2021_Canadian_census" title="2021 Canadian census">2021</a><sup id="cite_ref-2021censusB_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021censusB-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2011_Canadian_census" title="2011 Canadian census">2011</a><sup id="cite_ref-2011census_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011census-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/2001_Canadian_census" title="2001 Canadian census">2001</a><sup id="cite_ref-2001census_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2001census-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/1991_Canadian_census" title="1991 Canadian census">1991</a><sup id="cite_ref-1991census_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1991census-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Population" title="Population"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></a> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gold_Christian_Cross_no_Red.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Gold_Christian_Cross_no_Red.svg/20px-Gold_Christian_Cross_no_Red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Gold_Christian_Cross_no_Red.svg/30px-Gold_Christian_Cross_no_Red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Gold_Christian_Cross_no_Red.svg/40px-Gold_Christian_Cross_no_Red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="805" data-file-height="1052" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Canada" title="Christianity in Canada">Christian</a> </td> <td>232,220 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001357170872009413♠" style="display:none"></span>35.72% </td> <td>263,385 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001505231961482021♠" style="display:none"></span>50.52% </td> <td>219,880 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001677826073553438♠" style="display:none"></span>67.78% </td> <td>185,780 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001795768011650818♠" style="display:none"></span>79.58% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Khanda.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Khanda.svg/19px-Khanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Khanda.svg/29px-Khanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Khanda.svg/39px-Khanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="632" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Canada" title="Sikhism in Canada">Sikh</a> </td> <td>163,260 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001251105488606738♠" style="display:none"></span>25.11% </td> <td>97,790 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001187583322942942♠" style="display:none"></span>18.76% </td> <td>34,510 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001106384290514504♠" style="display:none"></span>10.64% </td> <td>8,630 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000369656472200805♠" style="display:none"></span>3.7% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Om.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Om.svg/20px-Om.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Om.svg/31px-Om.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Om.svg/40px-Om.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Canada" title="Hinduism in Canada">Hindu</a> </td> <td>117,395 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001180561857374666♠" style="display:none"></span>18.06% </td> <td>63,390 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001121596347697649♠" style="display:none"></span>12.16% </td> <td>17,640 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000543789882548783♠" style="display:none"></span>5.44% </td> <td>6,415 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000274779405465604♠" style="display:none"></span>2.75% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Star_and_Crescent.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Star_and_Crescent.svg/20px-Star_and_Crescent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Star_and_Crescent.svg/30px-Star_and_Crescent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Star_and_Crescent.svg/40px-Star_and_Crescent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="216" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Canada" title="Islam in Canada">Muslim</a> </td> <td>59,445 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000914306368383410♠" style="display:none"></span>9.14% </td> <td>36,960 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000708976338681986♠" style="display:none"></span>7.09% </td> <td>11,470 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000353586732020099♠" style="display:none"></span>3.54% </td> <td>4,660 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000199605928210400♠" style="display:none"></span>2% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dharma_Wheel_(2).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Dharma_Wheel_%282%29.svg/20px-Dharma_Wheel_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Dharma_Wheel_%282%29.svg/30px-Dharma_Wheel_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Dharma_Wheel_%282%29.svg/40px-Dharma_Wheel_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="697" data-file-height="697" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Canada" title="Buddhism in Canada">Buddhist</a> </td> <td>7,105 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000109279952012181♠" style="display:none"></span>1.09% </td> <td>6,715 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000128808877550041♠" style="display:none"></span>1.29% </td> <td>3,340 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000102962483430438♠" style="display:none"></span>1.03% </td> <td>1,290 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999552557183243382♠" style="display:none"></span>0.55% </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Star_of_David.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/20px-Star_of_David.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/30px-Star_of_David.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Star_of_David.svg/40px-Star_of_David.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="693" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Judaism_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Judaism in Canada">Jewish</a> </td> <td>535 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6998822868041189544♠" style="display:none"></span>0.08% </td> <td>830 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999159212760039515♠" style="display:none"></span>0.16% </td> <td>610 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999188045254169364♠" style="display:none"></span>0.19% </td> <td>805 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999344812815899940♠" style="display:none"></span>0.34% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Canada" title="Religion in Canada">Other religion</a> </td> <td>2,940 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999452192904877992♠" style="display:none"></span>0.45% </td> <td>1,340 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999257042287292711♠" style="display:none"></span>0.26% </td> <td>930 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999286691944881161♠" style="display:none"></span>0.29% </td> <td>440 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999188469116765184♠" style="display:none"></span>0.19% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Irreligion_in_Canada" title="Irreligion in Canada">Irreligious</a> </td> <td>67,265 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001103458352879653♠" style="display:none"></span>10.35% </td> <td>50,885 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000976089312603704♠" style="display:none"></span>9.76% </td> <td>36,010 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001111008354141619♠" style="display:none"></span>11.1% </td> <td>25,435 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001108947999657328♠" style="display:none"></span>10.89% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total responses </th> <th>650,165 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7001990380514257860♠" style="display:none"></span>99.04% </th> <th>521,315 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7001995044959926399♠" style="display:none"></span>99.5% </th> <th>324,390 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7001996810354364099♠" style="display:none"></span>99.68% </th> <th>233,460 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7001995798588155004♠" style="display:none"></span>99.58% </th></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Language">Language</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 2021 census found that <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> was the <a href="/wiki/Primary_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary language">mother tongue</a> of 42.9% of the population. The next most common mother tongues were <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a> (21.7%), <a href="/wiki/Gujarati_language" title="Gujarati language">Gujarati</a> (3.4%), <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> (3.4%), <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> (3%), and <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a> (2.2%). The most commonly known languages were <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> (95.1%), <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a> (29.1%), <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> (17.5%), <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> (6%), <a href="/wiki/Gujarati_language" title="Gujarati language">Gujarati</a> (4.7%), and <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> (4.6%).<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="float:left;"> <tbody><tr> <th><i>Mother tongue</i> </th> <th><i>Population</i> </th> <th><i>%</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> </td> <td>279,415 </td> <td>42.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a> </td> <td>141,005 </td> <td>21.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_language" title="Gujarati language">Gujarati</a> </td> <td>22,000 </td> <td>3.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> </td> <td>21,945 </td> <td>3.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> </td> <td>19,645 </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a> </td> <td>14,030 </td> <td>2.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> </td> <td>10,185 </td> <td>1.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog (Filipino)</a> </td> <td>9,905 </td> <td>1.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> </td> <td>8,640 </td> <td>1.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> </td> <td>5,430 </td> <td>0.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a> </td> <td>4,230 </td> <td>0.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a> </td> <td>4,100 </td> <td>0.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a> </td> <td>3,930 </td> <td>0.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> </td> <td>3,810 </td> <td>0.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a> </td> <td>3,430 </td> <td>0.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a> </td> <td>3,060 </td> <td>0.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a> </td> <td>2,920 </td> <td>0.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue (Cantonese)</a> </td> <td>2,775 </td> <td>0.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Akan_language" title="Akan language">Akan (Twi)</a> </td> <td>2,530 </td> <td>0.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dari" title="Dari">Dari</a> </td> <td>2,305 </td> <td>0.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a> </td> <td>2,195 </td> <td>0.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nepali_language" title="Nepali language">Nepali</a> </td> <td>1,945 </td> <td>0.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Suret_language" title="Suret language">Assyrian Neo-Aramaic</a> </td> <td>1,940 </td> <td>0.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sinhala_language" title="Sinhala language">Sinhala (Sinhalese)</a> </td> <td>1,555 </td> <td>0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Serbo-Croatian" title="Serbo-Croatian">Serbo-Croatian</a> </td> <td>1,385 </td> <td>0.2 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="float:left;"> <tbody><tr> <th><i>Knowledge of language</i> </th> <th><i>Population</i> </th> <th><i>%</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> </td> <td>618,060 </td> <td>95.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a> </td> <td>189,235 </td> <td>29.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> </td> <td>113,515 </td> <td>17.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> </td> <td>38,725 </td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gujarati_language" title="Gujarati language">Gujarati</a> </td> <td>30,310 </td> <td>4.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> </td> <td>30,010 </td> <td>4.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a> </td> <td>21,475 </td> <td>3.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> </td> <td>15,395 </td> <td>2.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog (Filipino)</a> </td> <td>14,925 </td> <td>2.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a> </td> <td>11,765 </td> <td>1.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> </td> <td>8,905 </td> <td>1.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> </td> <td>8,475 </td> <td>1.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a> </td> <td>6,090 </td> <td>0.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_language" title="Vietnamese language">Vietnamese</a> </td> <td>6,030 </td> <td>0.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a> </td> <td>5,540 </td> <td>0.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a> </td> <td>5,080 </td> <td>0.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Akan_language" title="Akan language">Akan (Twi)</a> </td> <td>4,555 </td> <td>0.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a> </td> <td>4,150 </td> <td>0.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue (Cantonese)</a> </td> <td>3,680 </td> <td>0.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a> </td> <td>3,660 </td> <td>0.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Dari" title="Dari">Dari</a> </td> <td>3,350 </td> <td>0.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Marathi_language" title="Marathi language">Marathi</a> </td> <td>3,185 </td> <td>0.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_language" title="Yoruba language">Yoruba</a> </td> <td>3,050 </td> <td>0.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sinhala_language" title="Sinhala language">Sinhala (Sinhalese)</a> </td> <td>2,540 </td> <td>0.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Suret_language" title="Suret language">Assyrian Neo-Aramaic</a> </td> <td>2,440 </td> <td>0.4 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div style="clear:left;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Companies with headquarters in Brampton include <a href="/wiki/MDA_Space_Missions" class="mw-redirect" title="MDA Space Missions">MDA Space Missions</a>, which will be building the CanadaArm 3. <a href="/wiki/Loblaw_Companies_Ltd." class="mw-redirect" title="Loblaw Companies Ltd.">Loblaw Companies Ltd.</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Brampton's_Top_Employers_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brampton's_Top_Employers-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Assembly" title="Brampton Assembly">Chrysler Canada Brampton Assembly Plant</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Gamma-Dynacare_Medical_Laboratories" class="mw-redirect" title="Gamma-Dynacare Medical Laboratories">Gamma-Dynacare Medical Laboratories</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Restaurant" title="Mandarin Restaurant">Mandarin Restaurant</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Brita_(company)" title="Brita (company)">Brita</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Clorox" title="Clorox">Clorox</a>. </p><p>Other major companies operating in Brampton include CN Rail Brampton Intermodal Terminal,<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Best_Buy" title="Best Buy">Best Buy</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a> which has four production facilities in the city,<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford</a>,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/Nestl%C3%A9" title="Nestlé">Nestlé</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Hudson%27s_Bay_Company" title="Hudson's Bay Company">Hudson's Bay Company</a> (HBC),<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Frito-Lay" title="Frito-Lay">Frito Lay Canada</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Coca-Cola Company">Coca-Cola</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Additional companies in Brampton include <a href="/wiki/Canon_Inc." title="Canon Inc.">Canon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Tire" title="Canadian Tire">Canadian Tire</a> which has three distribution facilities, <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Blood_Services" title="Canadian Blood Services">Canadian Blood Services</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boston_Scientific" title="Boston Scientific">Boston Scientific</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_Canada" title="Air Canada">Air Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sleep_Country_Canada" title="Sleep Country Canada">Sleep Country Canada</a> head office, <a href="/wiki/Rogers_Communications" title="Rogers Communications">Rogers Communications</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magna_International" title="Magna International">Magna International</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">Alstom</a> has an assembly plant in Brampton to fulfil their contract with <a href="/wiki/Metrolinx" title="Metrolinx">Metrolinx</a> to build <a href="/wiki/Alstom_Citadis_Spirit" title="Alstom Citadis Spirit">Alstom Citadis Spirit</a> LRV cars for the TTC <a href="/wiki/Line_6_Finch_West" title="Line 6 Finch West">Finch West</a> (ordered in 2017 with delivery beginning 2021 to be completed by 2023), <a href="/wiki/Hurontario_LRT" title="Hurontario LRT">Hurontario</a> and <a href="/wiki/Line_5_Eglinton" title="Line 5 Eglinton">Eglinton</a> LRT lines. The Hurontario LRT maintenance facility is currently being built in Brampton. </p><p><a href="/wiki/William_Osler_Health_System" title="William Osler Health System">William Osler Health System</a> operates two health facilities in the city (Peel Memorial and Brampton Civic Hospital). </p><p>It is also the location of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Forces" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Forces">Canadian Forces</a> <a href="/wiki/Military_reserve_force" title="Military reserve force">Army Reserve</a> unit <a href="/wiki/The_Lorne_Scots_(Peel,_Dufferin_and_Halton_Regiment)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Lorne Scots (Peel, Dufferin and Halton Regiment)">The Lorne Scots (Peel, Dufferin and Halton Regiment)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lululemon & Pet Valu have their main GTA distribution centres in the city. Wolseley Plumbing built a distribution Center and showroom in Brampton in 2024. </p><p>An <a href="/wiki/Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile">automobile</a> manufacturing facility was opened by <a href="/wiki/American_Motors" class="mw-redirect" title="American Motors">American Motors</a> (AMC) in 1960 as the Brampton Assembly Plant. In 1986, AMC developed a new, state-of-the-art operation at Bramalea. After AMC was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler">Chrysler</a> in 1987, AMC's Canadian division and its plants were absorbed; the older facility in Brampton closed in 1992. The newest factory was renamed <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Assembly" title="Brampton Assembly">Brampton Assembly</a>; it is one of the city's largest employers, with almost 4,000 workers when running at capacity.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Algoma_University#Algoma_at_Brampton" title="Algoma University">Algoma University at Brampton</a> School of Business & Economics offers courses at Market Square Business Centre, 24 Queen Street East.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The closest universities to Brampton (offering a wider range of programs) include <a href="/wiki/York_University" title="York University">York University</a> in north Toronto and <a href="/wiki/University_of_Toronto_Mississauga" title="University of Toronto Mississauga">University of Toronto Mississauga</a>. </p><p>Along with that, <a href="/wiki/Sheridan_College" title="Sheridan College">Sheridan College</a>, Davis campus is another major public higher education institution serving Brampton which also has campuses in <a href="/wiki/Oakville,_Ontario" title="Oakville, Ontario">Oakville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mississauga" title="Mississauga">Mississauga</a>. In 2017, Davis added the Skilled Trades Centre, for training in skilled trades and apprenticeship programs, previously offered in Oakville.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A plan by <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Metropolitan_University" title="Toronto Metropolitan University">Ryerson University</a>, in partnership with <a href="/wiki/Sheridan_College" title="Sheridan College">Sheridan College</a> was to establish a new campus in Brampton with a goal of opening in 2022 with $90 million in funding offered by the provincial government in April 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 23 October 2018 however, the new Provincial government (elected in June) withdrew the funding for plans such as this, effectively cancelling the project.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, the university, now renamed as Toronto Metropolitan, announced plans to open a medical school in Brampton.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Brampton_City_Council" title="Brampton City Council">Brampton City Council</a> gifted the university the <a href="/wiki/Brampton_City_Hall#List_of_former_Town_Halls_and_Civic_Centres" title="Brampton City Hall">Bramalea Civic Centre</a> and most of the land it resides for this purpose.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Brampton also has many private post-secondary institutions offering vocational training including Springfield College Brampton, <a href="/wiki/CDI_College" title="CDI College">CDI College</a>, <a href="/wiki/TriOS_College" title="TriOS College">TriOS College</a>, Academy of Learning, Evergreen <a href="/wiki/Evergreen_College_(Canada)" title="Evergreen College (Canada)">College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Westervelt_College" title="Westervelt College">Medix College</a>, CIMT College, Torbram College, Bitts International Career College, Canadian College of Business, Science & Technology, Hanson College, Queenswood College B, H & T, Flair College of Management and Technology, Sunview College, and College Of Health Studies. </p><p>Two main school boards operate in Brampton: the <a href="/wiki/Peel_District_School_Board" title="Peel District School Board">Peel District School Board</a>, which operates secular <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">anglophone</a> public schools, and <a href="/wiki/Dufferin-Peel_Catholic_District_School_Board" title="Dufferin-Peel Catholic District School Board">Dufferin-Peel Catholic District School Board</a>, which operates Catholic anglophone public schools. Under the Peel District School Board, the secondary schools are <a href="/wiki/Bramalea_Secondary_School" title="Bramalea Secondary School">Bramalea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Centennial_Secondary_School" title="Brampton Centennial Secondary School">Brampton Centennial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Peel_Secondary_School" title="Central Peel Secondary School">Central Peel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinguacousy_Secondary_School" title="Chinguacousy Secondary School">Chinguacousy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fletcher%27s_Meadow_Secondary_School" title="Fletcher's Meadow Secondary School">Fletcher's Meadow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_M._Brathwaite_Secondary_School" title="Harold M. Brathwaite Secondary School">Harold M. Brathwaite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heart_Lake_Secondary_School" title="Heart Lake Secondary School">Heart Lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louise_Arbour_Secondary_School" title="Louise Arbour Secondary School">Louise Arbour</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mayfield_Secondary_School" title="Mayfield Secondary School">Mayfield</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Park_Secondary_School" title="North Park Secondary School">North Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judith_Nyman_Secondary_School" title="Judith Nyman Secondary School">Judith Nyman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sandalwood_Heights_Secondary_School" title="Sandalwood Heights Secondary School">Sandalwood Heights</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turner_Fenton_Secondary_School" title="Turner Fenton Secondary School">Turner Fenton</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Suzuki_Secondary_School" title="David Suzuki Secondary School">David Suzuki</a>, Castlebrooke Secondary School, and Jean Augustine, one of the newest. A total of 85 elementary and middle schools feed these high schools in the city. </p><p>Under the Dufferin-Peel Catholic District School Board, the secondary schools are <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Leger_Secondary_School" title="Cardinal Leger Secondary School">Cardinal Leger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holy_Name_of_Mary_Secondary_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Name of Mary Secondary School">Holy Name of Mary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Notre_Dame_Catholic_Secondary_School_(Brampton)" title="Notre Dame Catholic Secondary School (Brampton)">Notre Dame</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Augustine_Catholic_Secondary_School" title="St. Augustine Catholic Secondary School">St. Augustine</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Edmund_Campion_Secondary_School" title="St. Edmund Campion Secondary School">St. Edmund Campion</a>, St. Roch, <a href="/wiki/St._Marguerite_d%27Youville_Secondary_School" title="St. Marguerite d'Youville Secondary School">St. Marguerite d'Youville</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Thomas_Aquinas_Secondary_School_(Brampton)" title="St. Thomas Aquinas Secondary School (Brampton)">St. Thomas Aquinas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Ambrozic_Secondary_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal Ambrozic Secondary School">Cardinal Ambrozic</a>. A total of 44 Catholic elementary and middle schools feed these high schools in the city. </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Conseil_scolaire_Viamonde" title="Conseil scolaire Viamonde">Conseil scolaire Viamonde</a></i> operates secular Francophone schools serving the area. The <i><a href="/wiki/Conseil_scolaire_catholique_MonAvenir" title="Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir">Conseil scolaire catholique MonAvenir</a></i> operates Catholic Francophone schools serving the area. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rose_Theatre_Fountain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Rose_Theatre_Fountain.jpg/220px-Rose_Theatre_Fountain.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Rose_Theatre_Fountain.jpg/330px-Rose_Theatre_Fountain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Rose_Theatre_Fountain.jpg/440px-Rose_Theatre_Fountain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="426" /></a><figcaption>The Rose Theatre Fountain Stage</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BramptonGardenSquare.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/BramptonGardenSquare.png/220px-BramptonGardenSquare.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/BramptonGardenSquare.png/330px-BramptonGardenSquare.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/BramptonGardenSquare.png/440px-BramptonGardenSquare.png 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1080" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/LCD" class="mw-redirect" title="LCD">LCD</a> video screen at Garden Square, downtown</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peel_Art_Gallery,_Museum_and_Archives_Building_(PAMA).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Peel_Art_Gallery%2C_Museum_and_Archives_Building_%28PAMA%29.jpg/220px-Peel_Art_Gallery%2C_Museum_and_Archives_Building_%28PAMA%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Peel_Art_Gallery%2C_Museum_and_Archives_Building_%28PAMA%29.jpg/330px-Peel_Art_Gallery%2C_Museum_and_Archives_Building_%28PAMA%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Peel_Art_Gallery%2C_Museum_and_Archives_Building_%28PAMA%29.jpg/440px-Peel_Art_Gallery%2C_Museum_and_Archives_Building_%28PAMA%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2973" data-file-height="1982" /></a><figcaption>A Peel Art Gallery, Museum, Archives building, formerly the Peel County Court House</figcaption></figure> <p>Several cultural entities in the city operate under the umbrella of the <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Arts_Council" title="Brampton Arts Council">Brampton Arts Council</a>. Located in the city is the <a href="/wiki/Peel_Art_Gallery,_Museum_and_Archives" title="Peel Art Gallery, Museum and Archives">Peel Art Gallery, Museum and Archives</a> (PAMA, formerly the Peel Heritage Complex), which is run by the Region of Peel.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Rose_Theatre,_Brampton" class="mw-redirect" title="Rose Theatre, Brampton">Rose Theatre</a> (originally the Brampton Performing Arts Centre), opened in September 2006. The city had expected the facility to generate $2.7 million in economic activity the first year, growing to $19.8 million by the fifth year.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Rose Theatre far surpassed projections, attracting more than 137,000 patrons in its inaugural year, which exceeded its five-year goal.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The arrival of so many new patrons downtown has stimulated the development of numerous new businesses nearby. A new Fountain Stage was unveiled in June 2008 at the nearby Garden Square. </p><p>Brampton has six library locations to serve its half-million residents. </p><p>Festivals in the city include the annual <a href="/wiki/Festival_of_Literary_Diversity" title="Festival of Literary Diversity">Festival of Literary Diversity</a>, a literary festival devoted to writers from underrepresented groups such as people of colour and LGBTQ writers.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Peel_Art_Gallery,_Museum_and_Archives" title="Peel Art Gallery, Museum and Archives">Peel Art Gallery, Museum and Archives</a> (PAMA) in Brampton includes a museum, art gallery, and archives. Since opening in 1968, the art gallery section (previously known as the Art Gallery of Peel) has exhibited local, national, and international artists, both contemporary and historical from their permanent collection. </p><p>The City of Brampton's long-standing heritage conservation program was recognised with the 2011 Lieutenant Governor's Ontario Heritage Award for Community Leadership. In 2010, the city received an 'honourable mention' under the same provincial awards program.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sites_of_interest">Sites of interest</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Sites of interest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Professor%27s_Lake_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Professor%27s_Lake_2022.jpg/220px-Professor%27s_Lake_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Professor%27s_Lake_2022.jpg/330px-Professor%27s_Lake_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Professor%27s_Lake_2022.jpg/440px-Professor%27s_Lake_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Professor%27s_Lake" title="Professor's Lake">Professor's Lake</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gage_Park,_Brampton" title="Gage Park, Brampton">Gage Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAA_Centre" title="CAA Centre">CAA Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Naivelt" title="Camp Naivelt">Camp Naivelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinguacousy_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinguacousy Park">Chinguacousy Park</a>-Greenhouse and gardens</li> <li>Mount Chinguacousy<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claireville_Conservation_Area" title="Claireville Conservation Area">Claireville Conservation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heart_Lake_Conservation_Area" title="Heart Lake Conservation Area">Heart Lake Conservation Area</a></li> <li>Brampton Historical Society<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Historic Bovaird House<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War_Memorial_Wall_(Canada)" title="Korean War Memorial Wall (Canada)">Korean War Memorial Wall (Canada)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peel_Art_Gallery,_Museum_and_Archives" title="Peel Art Gallery, Museum and Archives">Peel Art Gallery, Museum and Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professor%27s_Lake" title="Professor's Lake">Professor's Lake</a></li> <li>Rose Theatre<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Lester B. Pearson Theatre<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wet%27n%27Wild_Toronto" title="Wet'n'Wild Toronto">Wet'n'Wild Toronto</a></li></ul> <p>Major shopping areas include <a href="/wiki/Bramalea_City_Centre" title="Bramalea City Centre">Bramalea City Centre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shoppers_World,_Brampton" class="mw-redirect" title="Shoppers World, Brampton">Shoppers World</a>, and "big box centre" <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Commons" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinity Commons">Trinity Commons</a>. The downtown area has some retail; the Centennial Mall and the <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Mall" title="Brampton Mall">Brampton Mall</a> are also of note. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Media_in_Peel" class="mw-redirect" title="Media in Peel">Media in Peel</a></div> <p>Brampton was one of the first areas where <a href="/wiki/Rogers_Cable" title="Rogers Cable">Rogers Cable</a> offered its service. The city started a community access channel in the 1970s, which still operates. While some programs on the channel are produced in its Brampton studios, most are based in its Mississauga location. Christian specialty channel <a href="/wiki/Vertical_TV" title="Vertical TV">Vertical TV</a> is based in Brampton. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/The_Brampton_Guardian" class="mw-redirect" title="The Brampton Guardian">The Brampton Guardian</a></i> is the community's only newspaper, starting as the Bramalea Guardian in 1964. The city's first newspaper, <i>The Daily Times</i>, stopped circulation in the early 1980s. For a little over a year, <i>The Brampton Bulletin</i> attempted to challenge the <i>Guardian</i>, but it was dismantled after a series of editor changes. </p><p>Brampton is the official <a href="/wiki/City_of_license" title="City of license">city of license</a> for two radio stations, <a href="/wiki/CHLO_(AM)" title="CHLO (AM)">CHLO</a> and <a href="/wiki/CFNY-FM" title="CFNY-FM">CFNY</a>. Both stations address their programming toward the entire <a href="/wiki/Greater_Toronto_Area" title="Greater Toronto Area">Greater Toronto Area</a> rather than exclusively to Brampton. CFNY was located upstairs at 83 Kennedy Road until moving to Toronto in 1996. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports_and_recreation">Sports and recreation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Sports and recreation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Sports teams of Brampton </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col">Team </th> <th scope="col">League </th> <th scope="col">Sport </th> <th scope="col">Venue </th> <th scope="col">Established </th> <th scope="col">Disestablished </th> <th scope="col">Championships </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Honey_Badgers" title="Brampton Honey Badgers">Brampton Honey Badgers</a> </p> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Elite_Basketball_League" title="Canadian Elite Basketball League">Canadian Elite Basketball League</a> </td> <td>Basketball </td> <td><a href="/wiki/CAA_Centre" title="CAA Centre">CAA Centre</a> </td> <td>2019* </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Brampton_A%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Brampton A's">Brampton A's</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_League_of_Canada" title="National Basketball League of Canada">National Basketball League of Canada</a> </td> <td>Basketball </td> <td>Powerade Centre </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>2015 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Admirals" class="mw-redirect" title="Brampton Admirals">Brampton Admirals</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Junior_Hockey_League" title="Ontario Junior Hockey League">Ontario Junior Hockey League</a> </td> <td>Hockey </td> <td>Brampton Memorial Arena </td> <td>2018 </td> <td>2021 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Battalion" title="Brampton Battalion">Brampton Battalion</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Hockey_League" title="Ontario Hockey League">OHL</a> </td> <td>Hockey </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Powerade_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Powerade Centre">Powerade Centre</a> </td> <td>1998 </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Beast" title="Brampton Beast">Brampton Beast</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/ECHL" title="ECHL">ECHL</a> </td> <td>Hockey </td> <td><a href="/wiki/CAA_Centre" title="CAA Centre">CAA Centre</a> </td> <td>2013 </td> <td>2021 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Bramalea_Blues" title="Bramalea Blues">Bramalea Blues</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Provincial_Junior_A_Hockey_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Ontario Provincial Junior A Hockey League">Ontario Provincial Junior A Hockey League</a> </td> <td>Hockey </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Powerade_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Powerade Centre">Powerade Centre</a> </td> <td>1972 </td> <td>2010 </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Bombers" class="mw-redirect" title="Brampton Bombers">Brampton Bombers</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Greater_Ontario_Junior_Hockey_League" title="Greater Ontario Junior Hockey League">Greater Ontario Junior Hockey League</a> </td> <td>Hockey </td> <td>Brampton Memorial Arena </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>2020 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Thunder" class="mw-redirect" title="Brampton Thunder">Brampton Thunder</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Women%27s_Hockey_League" title="Canadian Women's Hockey League">Canadian Women's Hockey League</a> </td> <td>Hockey </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Powerade_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Powerade Centre">Powerade Centre</a> </td> <td>1999 </td> <td>2017 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Capitals" title="Brampton Capitals">Brampton Capitals</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Provincial_Junior_A_Hockey_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Ontario Provincial Junior A Hockey League">Ontario Provincial Junior A Hockey League</a> </td> <td>Hockey </td> <td>Brampton Memorial Arena </td> <td>1984 </td> <td>2012 </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Excelsiors_(MSL)" title="Brampton Excelsiors (MSL)">Brampton Excelsiors</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_Series_Lacrosse" title="Major Series Lacrosse">Major Series Lacrosse</a> Senior "A" Lacrosse League. </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Box_lacrosse" title="Box lacrosse">Box Lacrosse</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/CAA_Centre" title="CAA Centre">CAA Centre</a> </td> <td>1912 </td> <td> </td> <td>30 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Excelsiors_Jr._A" title="Brampton Excelsiors Jr. A">Junior Excelsiors</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/OLA_Junior_A_Lacrosse_League" class="mw-redirect" title="OLA Junior A Lacrosse League">OLA Junior A Lacrosse League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Box_lacrosse" title="Box lacrosse">Box Lacrosse</a> </td> <td>Brampton Memorial Arena </td> <td>1971 </td> <td> </td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Excelsiors_Jr._B" title="Brampton Excelsiors Jr. B">Junior "b" Excelsiors</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Junior_B_Lacrosse_League" title="Ontario Junior B Lacrosse League">OLA Junior B Lacrosse League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Box_lacrosse" title="Box lacrosse">Box Lacrosse</a> </td> <td>Victoria Park Arena </td> <td>2012 </td> <td> </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Bramalea_Satellites" title="Bramalea Satellites">Bramalea Satellites</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Northern_Football_Conference" title="Northern Football Conference">Northern Football Conference</a> </td> <td>Football </td> <td> </td> <td>1974 </td> <td>1975 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Brampton_City_United_FC" title="Brampton City United FC">Brampton City United FC</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Soccer_League" title="Canadian Soccer League">Canadian Soccer League</a>, First Division </td> <td>Soccer </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Park_Stadium" title="Victoria Park Stadium">Victoria Park Stadium</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2002_Canadian_Professional_Soccer_League_season" title="2002 Canadian Professional Soccer League season">2002</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2016_Canadian_Soccer_League_season" title="2016 Canadian Soccer League season">2016</a> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Wolves" class="mw-redirect" title="Brampton Wolves">Brampton Wolves</a> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Global_T20_Canada" title="Global T20 Canada">Global T20 Canada</a> </td> <td>Cricket </td> <td><a href="/wiki/CAA_Centre" title="CAA Centre">CAA Centre</a> </td> <td>2019 </td> <td> </td> <td>1 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" style="font-weight: normal; text-align: center;"> <p><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Steelheads" title="Brampton Steelheads">Brampton Steelheads</a> </p> </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Ontario_Hockey_League" title="Ontario Hockey League">Ontario Hockey League</a> </td> <td>Ice Hockey </td> <td><a href="/wiki/CAA_Centre" title="CAA Centre">CAA Centre</a> </td> <td>1996* </td> <td> </td> <td>0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>The Honey Badgers relocated from Hamilton for the 2023 season.</li> <li>The Steelheads relocated from Mississauga for the 2024–25 season.</li></ul> <p>Brampton has been home minor professional sports franchises at the <a href="/wiki/CAA_Centre" title="CAA Centre">CAA Centre</a>, formerly the Powerade Centre. From 2013 to 2015, the <a href="/wiki/Brampton_A%27s" class="mw-redirect" title="Brampton A's">Brampton A's</a> played in the <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_League_of_Canada" title="National Basketball League of Canada">National Basketball League of Canada</a>, but relocated to <a href="/wiki/Orangeville,_Ontario" title="Orangeville, Ontario">Orangeville, Ontario</a>, to decrease costs of operations of switching the arena floor from ice hockey to basketball. From 2013 to 2020, the <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Beast" title="Brampton Beast">Brampton Beast</a> played in the <a href="/wiki/Central_Hockey_League" title="Central Hockey League">Central Hockey League</a> and <a href="/wiki/ECHL" title="ECHL">ECHL</a>, but ceased operations during the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> in February 2021 after having not been able to play since March 2020. </p><p>The numerous sporting venues and activities includes the outdoor ice path for <a href="/wiki/Ice_skating" title="Ice skating">skating</a> through <a href="/wiki/Gage_Park,_Brampton" title="Gage Park, Brampton">Gage Park</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chinguacousy_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinguacousy Park">Chinguacousy Park</a> includes a <a href="/wiki/Ski_lift" title="Ski lift">ski lift</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Curling" title="Curling">curling</a> club, and Tennis Centre for multi-season activities. In the summer, amateur <a href="/wiki/Softball" title="Softball">softball</a> leagues abound. Crowds line the beaches at <a href="/wiki/Professor%27s_Lake" title="Professor's Lake">Professor's Lake</a> for the annual outdoor "shagging" display. </p><p>Since 1967, the Brampton Canadettes have hosted the annual <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Canadettes_Easter_Tournament" title="Brampton Canadettes Easter Tournament">Brampton Canadettes Easter Tournament</a> in hockey.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Brampton is also the host for the following major sports events: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/U-18_Women%27s_Softball_World_Cup" title="U-18 Women's Softball World Cup">2013 Junior Women's Softball World Championship</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_IIHF_Women%27s_World_Championship" title="2023 IIHF Women's World Championship">2023 IIHF Women's World Championship</a><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>2023 <a href="/wiki/World_Junior_Girls_Golf_Championship" title="World Junior Girls Golf Championship">World Junior Girls Golf Championship</a><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Health_and_medicine">Health and medicine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Health and medicine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Civic_Hospital" title="Brampton Civic Hospital">Brampton Civic Hospital</a> and <a href="/wiki/Peel_Memorial_Hospital" title="Peel Memorial Hospital">Peel Memorial Hospital</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Courts">Courts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Courts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/A._Grenville_and_William_Davis_Courthouse" title="A. Grenville and William Davis Courthouse">Grenville & William Davis Courthouse</a>, Ontario Court of Justice, is located in Brampton at 7755 Hurontario Street (Hurontario Street at County Court). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_transit">Public transit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Public transit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Transit" title="Brampton Transit">Brampton Transit</a> and <a href="/wiki/GO_Transit" title="GO Transit">GO Transit</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brampton_Transit_Nova_LFS_0601.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Brampton_Transit_Nova_LFS_0601.jpg/220px-Brampton_Transit_Nova_LFS_0601.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Brampton_Transit_Nova_LFS_0601.jpg/330px-Brampton_Transit_Nova_LFS_0601.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Brampton_Transit_Nova_LFS_0601.jpg/440px-Brampton_Transit_Nova_LFS_0601.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Brampton Transit bus at the now-relocated <a href="/wiki/Bramalea_City_Centre" title="Bramalea City Centre">Bramalea City Centre</a> Terminal</figcaption></figure> <p>Local transit is provided by <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Transit" title="Brampton Transit">Brampton Transit</a>, with connections to other systems such as <a href="/wiki/MiWay" title="MiWay">MiWay</a>, <a href="/wiki/York_Region_Transit" title="York Region Transit">York Region Transit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Go_Transit" class="mw-redirect" title="Go Transit">Go Transit</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Transit_Commission" title="Toronto Transit Commission">Toronto Transit Commission</a>. Brampton Transit also operates a <a href="/wiki/Bus_rapid_transit" title="Bus rapid transit">bus rapid transit</a> system, "Züm" (pronounced Zoom), along <a href="/wiki/Hurontario_Street" title="Hurontario Street">Main/Hurontario Streets</a>, <a href="/wiki/Steeles_Avenue" title="Steeles Avenue">Steeles Avenue</a>, Queen Street/<a href="/wiki/List_of_numbered_roads_in_York_Region" title="List of numbered roads in York Region">Highway 7</a>, Bovaird Drive–Airport Road, and Queen Street West–Mississauga Road, which form the backbone to its bus network. </p><p>There is GO Bus service to <a href="/wiki/York_University" title="York University">York University</a> and subway stations at Yorkdale Mall and York Mills in Toronto. There are three GO Train stations in Brampton along the <a href="/wiki/Kitchener_line" title="Kitchener line">Kitchener line</a>: Bramalea, Brampton and Mount Pleasant. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail">Rail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both <a href="/wiki/Canadian_National_Railway" title="Canadian National Railway">Canadian National Railway</a> (CN) and the <a href="/wiki/Orangeville-Brampton_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Orangeville-Brampton Railway">Orangeville-Brampton Railway</a> <a href="/wiki/Shortline_railroad" title="Shortline railroad">short line</a> (formerly part of the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Railway" title="Canadian Pacific Railway">Canadian Pacific Railway</a> (CP) line) run through the city. CN's Intermodal Yards are located east of <a href="/wiki/Airport_Road,_Ontario" title="Airport Road, Ontario">Airport Road</a> between Steeles and Queen Street East. The CN Track from Toronto's <a href="/wiki/Union_Station,_Toronto" class="mw-redirect" title="Union Station, Toronto">Union Station</a> is used by the <a href="/wiki/Kitchener_line" title="Kitchener line">Kitchener GO Transit Rail Corridor</a> providing commuter rail to and from Toronto with rail station stops at <a href="/wiki/Bramalea_GO_Station" title="Bramalea GO Station">Bramalea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brampton_GO_Station" title="Brampton GO Station">Downtown Brampton</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mount_Pleasant_GO_Station" title="Mount Pleasant GO Station">Mount Pleasant</a>. <a href="/wiki/Via_Rail" title="Via Rail">Via Rail</a> connects through Brampton as part of the <a href="/wiki/Quebec_City-Windsor_Corridor" class="mw-redirect" title="Quebec City-Windsor Corridor">Quebec City-Windsor Corridor</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air">Air</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Air"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Canada's busiest airport, <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Pearson_International_Airport" title="Toronto Pearson International Airport">Toronto Pearson International Airport</a> (CYYZ), is located near Brampton, in <a href="/wiki/Mississauga,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Mississauga, Ontario">Mississauga</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For <a href="/wiki/General_aviation" title="General aviation">general aviation</a>, the city is served by the privately owned <a href="/wiki/Brampton_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Brampton Airport">Brampton Airport</a> (CNC3), located to the north of the city in neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Caledon,_Ontario" title="Caledon, Ontario">Caledon</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road">Road</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Road"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_roads_in_Brampton" title="List of roads in Brampton">List of roads in Brampton</a></div> <p>Brampton is served by several major transportation routes: <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_401" title="Ontario Highway 401">Highway 401</a> from Toronto is a short distance south in <a href="/wiki/Mississauga,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Mississauga, Ontario">Mississauga</a>, and can be reached by <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_410" title="Ontario Highway 410">Highway 410</a>, which runs north–south through the middle of the city. <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_407" title="Ontario Highway 407">Highway 407</a> runs along the southern portion of the city, just north of the boundary with Mississauga. Steeles Avenue, which runs north of the 407, is a thoroughfare continuing from Toronto. Queen Street is the city's main east–west street. Farther north, Bovaird Drive is another main artery. Sections of both Queen (eastern portion) and Bovaird (western portion) were part the former <a href="/wiki/Highway_7_(Ontario)" class="mw-redirect" title="Highway 7 (Ontario)">Highway 7</a>, (now <a href="/wiki/List_of_numbered_roads_in_Peel_Region" title="List of numbered roads in Peel Region">Regional Road 107</a>), with Highway 410 being the route followed between the two streets. Main Street, part of the historic road, <a href="/wiki/Hurontario_Street" title="Hurontario Street">Hurontario Street</a> (as well as Hurontario proper in the northern and southern parts of the city), and formerly <a href="/wiki/Ontario_Highway_10" title="Ontario Highway 10">Highway 10</a>, is the city's main north–south artery. In the east end, Airport Road is a busy artery that is used as a route north to <a href="/wiki/Wasaga_Beach" title="Wasaga Beach">Wasaga Beach</a>, a popular beach resort town. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Representation_in_other_media">Representation in other media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Representation in other media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deepa_Mehta" title="Deepa Mehta">Deepa Mehta</a>'s 2008 film <i><a href="/wiki/Heaven_on_Earth_(2008_film)" title="Heaven on Earth (2008 film)">Heaven on Earth</a></i> is set in Brampton.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Alumni plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's list of residents <b>may not follow Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifiability</a> policy</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit">improve this article</a> by removing names that do not have independent <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable sources</a> showing they merit inclusion in this article AND are residents, or by incorporating the relevant publications into the body of the article through appropriate <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2015</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Brampton" title="List of people from Brampton">List of people from Brampton</a></div> <p>Four people from Brampton have received the Order of Canada: <a href="/wiki/Robert_William_Bradford" title="Robert William Bradford">Robert William Bradford</a>, former Director of the National Aviation Museum; Michael F. Clarke, director at Evergreen, the Yonge Street Mission for street youth in Toronto; <a href="/wiki/Howard_Pawley" title="Howard Pawley">Howard Pawley</a>, professor and former Premier of Manitoba; and <a href="/wiki/William_G._Davis" class="mw-redirect" title="William G. Davis">William G. Davis</a>, former Premier of Ontario. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sports">Sports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Baseball: <a href="/wiki/Zach_Pop" title="Zach Pop">Zach Pop</a></li> <li>Basketball: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Meeks_(basketball)" title="Michael Meeks (basketball)">Michael Meeks</a> (internationally), <a href="/wiki/Tyler_Ennis_(basketball)" title="Tyler Ennis (basketball)">Tyler Ennis</a> (<a href="/wiki/NBA" class="mw-redirect" title="NBA">NBA</a>), <a href="/wiki/Tristan_Thompson" title="Tristan Thompson">Tristan Thompson</a> (<a href="/wiki/NBA" class="mw-redirect" title="NBA">NBA</a>), <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Bennett_(basketball)" title="Anthony Bennett (basketball)">Anthony Bennett</a> (NBA)</li> <li>Cricket: <a href="/wiki/Saad_Bin_Zafar" title="Saad Bin Zafar">Saad Bin Zafar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Pervez" title="Cecil Pervez">Cecil Pervez</a>,</li> <li>Curling: <a href="/wiki/Scott_Bailey_(curler)" title="Scott Bailey (curler)">Scott Bailey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Corner" title="Peter Corner">Peter Corner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graeme_McCarrel" title="Graeme McCarrel">Graeme McCarrel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wayne_Middaugh" title="Wayne Middaugh">Wayne Middaugh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allison_Pottinger" title="Allison Pottinger">Allison Pottinger</a></li> <li>Field hockey: <a href="/wiki/Bernadette_Bowyer" title="Bernadette Bowyer">Bernadette Bowyer</a></li> <li>Figure skating: <a href="/wiki/Vern_Taylor" title="Vern Taylor">Vern Taylor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Janoschak" title="Mark Janoschak">Mark Janoschak</a></li> <li>Football: <a href="/wiki/Michael_Bailey_(Canadian_football)" title="Michael Bailey (Canadian football)">Michael Bailey</a> (CFL), <a href="/wiki/Fernand_Kashama" title="Fernand Kashama">Fernand Kashama</a> (CFL), <a href="/wiki/Chris_Kowalczuk" title="Chris Kowalczuk">Chris Kowalczuk</a> (CFL), <a href="/wiki/Rob_Maver" title="Rob Maver">Rob Maver</a> (CFL), <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Messam" title="Jerome Messam">Jerome Messam</a> (CFL, NFL), <a href="/wiki/Jason_Nugent" title="Jason Nugent">Jason Nugent</a> (CFL), <a href="/wiki/Junior_Turner" title="Junior Turner">Junior Turner</a> (CFL), <a href="/wiki/Steven_Turner" title="Steven Turner">Steven Turner</a> (CFL), <a href="/wiki/Jabar_Westerman" title="Jabar Westerman">Jabar Westerman</a> (CFL), <a href="/wiki/Jamaal_Westerman" title="Jamaal Westerman">Jamaal Westerman</a> (NFL), <a href="/wiki/James_Yurichuk" title="James Yurichuk">James Yurichuk</a> (CFL)<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Nakas_Onyeka" title="Nakas Onyeka">Nakas Onyeka</a> (CFL)</li> <li>Golf: <a href="/wiki/David_Hearn_(golfer)" title="David Hearn (golfer)">David Hearn</a>; <a href="/wiki/Steve_Duplantis" title="Steve Duplantis">Steve Duplantis</a> (caddy)</li> <li>Hockey: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cassels" title="Andrew Cassels">Andrew Cassels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Danton" title="Mike Danton">Mike Danton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Dwyer_(ice_hockey)" title="Mike Dwyer (ice hockey)">Mike Dwyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Todd_Elik" title="Todd Elik">Todd Elik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Felix" title="Chris Felix">Chris Felix</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Keefe" title="Sheldon Keefe">Sheldon Keefe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tom_Laidlaw" title="Tom Laidlaw">Tom Laidlaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kris_Newbury" title="Kris Newbury">Kris Newbury</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rick_Nash" title="Rick Nash">Rick Nash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tyler_Seguin" title="Tyler Seguin">Tyler Seguin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jamie_Storr" title="Jamie Storr">Jamie Storr</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Weaver_(ice_hockey)" title="Mike Weaver (ice hockey)">Mike Weaver</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mike_Wilson_(ice_hockey)" title="Mike Wilson (ice hockey)">Mike Wilson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sean_Monahan" title="Sean Monahan">Sean Monahan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tyler_Graovac" title="Tyler Graovac">Tyler Graovac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cassie_Campbell" class="mw-redirect" title="Cassie Campbell">Cassie Campbell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mikyla_Grant-Mentis" title="Mikyla Grant-Mentis">Mikyla Grant-Mentis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scott_Wedgewood" title="Scott Wedgewood">Scott Wedgewood</a></li> <li>Horse-racing: <a href="/wiki/Sid_C._Attard" title="Sid C. Attard">Sid C. Attard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Husbands" title="Patrick Husbands">Patrick Husbands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_P._Tiller" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert P. Tiller">Robert P. Tiller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emma-Jayne_Wilson" title="Emma-Jayne Wilson">Emma-Jayne Wilson</a></li> <li>Lacrosse: <a href="/wiki/Jim_Veltman" title="Jim Veltman">Jim Veltman</a> (NLL)</li> <li>Sailing: <a href="/wiki/Kevin_Stittle" title="Kevin Stittle">Kevin Stittle</a></li> <li>Soccer: <a href="/wiki/Gabe_Gala" title="Gabe Gala">Gabe Gala</a> (MLS), <a href="/wiki/Atiba_Hutchinson" title="Atiba Hutchinson">Atiba Hutchinson</a> (Super Lig), <a href="/wiki/Peter_Roe_(soccer)" title="Peter Roe (soccer)">Peter Roe</a> (ASL, MISL), <a href="/wiki/Murphy_Wiredu" title="Murphy Wiredu">Murphy Wiredu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doneil_Henry" title="Doneil Henry">Doneil Henry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Junior_Hoilett" title="Junior Hoilett">Junior Hoilett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Stalteri" title="Paul Stalteri">Paul Stalteri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Thompson_(soccer)" title="Roger Thompson (soccer)">Roger Thompson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cyle_Larin" title="Cyle Larin">Cyle Larin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tajon_Buchanan" title="Tajon Buchanan">Tajon Buchanan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jahkeele_Marshall-Rutty" title="Jahkeele Marshall-Rutty">Jahkeele Marshall-Rutty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liam_Millar" title="Liam Millar">Liam Millar</a></li> <li>Speed skating: <a href="/wiki/Tyson_Heung" title="Tyson Heung">Tyson Heung</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Quinn" title="Andrew Quinn">Andrew Quinn</a></li> <li>Tennis: <a href="/wiki/Jill_Hetherington" title="Jill Hetherington">Jill Hetherington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milos_Raonic" title="Milos Raonic">Milos Raonic</a></li> <li>Track and field: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Allen_(athlete)" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Allen (athlete)">Charles Allen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mark_Boswell_(athlete)" title="Mark Boswell (athlete)">Mark Boswell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kate_Van_Buskirk" title="Kate Van Buskirk">Kate Van Buskirk</a></li> <li>Wrestling: <a href="/wiki/Ohenewa_Akuffo" title="Ohenewa Akuffo">Ohenewa Akuffo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics">Politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Brampton_City_Council" title="Brampton City Council">Brampton City Council</a></div> <p>Three Canadian premiers got their start in Brampton; Premiers <a href="/wiki/Tobias_Norris" title="Tobias Norris">Tobias Norris</a> and <a href="/wiki/Howard_Pawley" title="Howard Pawley">Howard Pawley</a> OC of Manitoba, and "Brampton Billy", Ontario premier <a href="/wiki/William_Grenville_Davis" class="mw-redirect" title="William Grenville Davis">William Grenville Davis</a> CC. Other notable politicians include <a href="/wiki/John_Coyne_(politician)" title="John Coyne (politician)">John Coyne</a>, and Conservative opposition leader <a href="/wiki/Gordon_Graydon" title="Gordon Graydon">Gordon Graydon</a>. Alberta politician and businessman <a href="/wiki/James_Alexander_Lougheed" title="James Alexander Lougheed">Sir James A. Lougheed</a> was born in Brampton, and served 30 years in Senate; <a href="/wiki/Regina,_Saskatchewan" title="Regina, Saskatchewan">Regina</a> mayor <a href="/wiki/David_Lynch_Scott" title="David Lynch Scott">David Lynch Scott</a> was born here. </p><p>President of the Treasury Board <a href="/wiki/Tony_Clement" title="Tony Clement">Tony Clement</a> spent time as a Brampton MPP. <a href="/wiki/John_McDermid" title="John McDermid">John McDermid</a> held various cabinet positions under Brian Mulroney, <a href="/wiki/Bal_Gosal" title="Bal Gosal">Bal Gosal</a> Minister of State-Sport, and former Mayor <a href="/wiki/Linda_Jeffrey" title="Linda Jeffrey">Linda Jeffrey</a> held cabinet positions at the provincial level. Incumbent mayor Patrick Brown served as leader of the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Ontario" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario">Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario</a> and as leader of the official opposition from 2015 until 2018 prior to serving as mayor. He was also a federal MP and provincial MPP, but not for Brampton. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ruby_Dhalla" title="Ruby Dhalla">Ruby Dhalla</a> represented the riding of Brampton—Springdale in the Canadian House of Commons from 2004 to 2011 as a member of the Liberal Party. Dhalla and British Columbia Conservative MP Nina Grewal were the first Sikh women to serve in the Canadian House of Commons. <a href="/wiki/Parm_Gill" title="Parm Gill">Parm Gill</a> was elected as the member of parliament from the Conservative Party of Canada for the riding of Brampton-Springdale in 2011, who was also appointed as the Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Veteran Affairs in 2013. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Jagmeet_Singh" title="Jagmeet Singh">Jagmeet Singh</a> began his political career in Brampton running in two elections in 2011, defeated in the federal election in May but elected Member of Provincial Parliament for Bramalea—Gore—Malton in October. In 2015 he became <a href="/wiki/Deputy_leader" title="Deputy leader">deputy leader</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ontario_New_Democratic_Party" title="Ontario New Democratic Party">Ontario New Democratic Party</a>. In 2017 he became <a href="/wiki/Party_leader" title="Party leader">leader</a> of the <a href="/wiki/New_Democratic_Party_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="New Democratic Party (Canada)">federal NDP</a>, the first member of a visible minority to become permanent leader of a major federal party in Canada. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arts">Arts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Arts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Authors born in or living in Brampton include <a href="/wiki/Rohinton_Mistry" title="Rohinton Mistry">Rohinton Mistry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jesse_Thistle" title="Jesse Thistle">Jesse Thistle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edo_Van_Belkom" class="mw-redirect" title="Edo Van Belkom">Edo Van Belkom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rupi_Kaur" title="Rupi Kaur">Rupi Kaur</a> (poet). </p><p>Visual arts notables from Brampton include etcher <a href="/wiki/Caroline_Helena_Armington" class="mw-redirect" title="Caroline Helena Armington">Caroline Helena Armington</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Bloore" class="mw-redirect" title="Ronald Bloore">Ronald Bloore</a>, Member of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Canada" title="Order of Canada">Order of Canada</a>; Organiser and member of the "<a href="/wiki/Regina_Five" title="Regina Five">Regina Five</a>",(1960)<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> watercolourist <a href="/wiki/Jack_Reid" title="Jack Reid">Jack Reid</a>, and <a href="/wiki/William_Ronald" title="William Ronald">William Ronald</a>, who was raised in town. <a href="/wiki/Norman_Mills_Price" title="Norman Mills Price">Norman Mills Price</a>. Animators <a href="/wiki/David_Feiss" title="David Feiss">David Feiss</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jay_Stephens" title="Jay Stephens">Jay Stephens</a> grew up here. </p><p>Music acts from Brampton include Punk band <a href="/wiki/The_Flatliners" title="The Flatliners">The Flatliners</a>, Indie Rock band <a href="/wiki/Moneen" title="Moneen">Moneen</a>, R&B singer <a href="/wiki/Keshia_Chant%C3%A9" title="Keshia Chanté">Keshia Chanté</a>, country singer <a href="/wiki/Johnny_Reid" title="Johnny Reid">Johnny Reid</a>, "Metal Queen" <a href="/wiki/Lee_Aaron" title="Lee Aaron">Lee Aaron</a> and pop singer <a href="/wiki/Alyssa_Reid" title="Alyssa Reid">Alyssa Reid</a>. Country singer and "World Champion Yodeller" <a href="/wiki/Donn_Reynolds" title="Donn Reynolds">Donn Reynolds</a> lived here from 1969 to 1997.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Barry Stock, guitarist from <a href="/wiki/Three_Days_Grace" title="Three Days Grace">Three Days Grace</a> was raised in Brampton, and currently resides in Caledon. Singer <a href="/wiki/Alessia_Cara" title="Alessia Cara">Alessia Cara</a>, hip-hop artist <a href="/wiki/Roy_Woods" title="Roy Woods">Roy Woods</a>, and hip-hop artist <a href="/wiki/Tory_Lanez" title="Tory Lanez">Tory Lanez</a> were also born in Brampton. Hip-hop record producer <a href="/wiki/WondaGurl" title="WondaGurl">WondaGurl</a> was also born in Brampton. Punjabi hip hop artist <a href="/wiki/Sidhu_Moose_Wala" title="Sidhu Moose Wala">Sidhu Moose Wala</a> launched his music career while living in Brampton. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Film,_television_and_comedy"><span id="Film.2C_television_and_comedy"></span>Film, television and comedy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Film, television and comedy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Two notable comedians hail from Brampton: <a href="/wiki/Scott_Thompson_(comedian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scott Thompson (comedian)">Scott Thompson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Russell_Peters" title="Russell Peters">Russell Peters</a>. </p><p>Comedic actor <a href="/wiki/Michael_Cera" title="Michael Cera">Michael Cera</a> was born and raised in Brampton. The twin actors <a href="/wiki/Shawn_Ashmore" title="Shawn Ashmore">Shawn Ashmore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aaron_Ashmore" title="Aaron Ashmore">Aaron Ashmore</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Smallville" title="Smallville">Smallville</a></i>) are Brampton-raised. The sibling actors <a href="/wiki/Tyler_Labine" title="Tyler Labine">Tyler Labine</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Mad_Love_(TV_series)" title="Mad Love (TV series)">Mad Love</a></i>) and <a href="/wiki/Kyle_Labine" title="Kyle Labine">Kyle Labine</a> were born in Brampton. </p><p>Other Brampton-born or affiliated actors include <a href="/wiki/Paulo_Costanzo" title="Paulo Costanzo">Paulo Costanzo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jordan_Gavaris" title="Jordan Gavaris">Jordan Gavaris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gemini_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Gemini Award">Gemini Award</a> winner <a href="/wiki/Kris_Lemche" title="Kris Lemche">Kris Lemche</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lara_Jean_Chorostecki" title="Lara Jean Chorostecki">Lara Jean Chorostecki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sabrina_Grdevich" title="Sabrina Grdevich">Sabrina Grdevich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nicole_Lyn" title="Nicole Lyn">Nicole Lyn</a>, actor and producer <a href="/wiki/David_Phillips_(actor,_host)" class="mw-redirect" title="David Phillips (actor, host)">David J. Phillips</a>, reality TV star and art dealer <a href="/wiki/Billy_Jamieson" title="Billy Jamieson">Billy Jamieson</a>, performer <a href="/wiki/George_R._Robertson" title="George R. Robertson">George R. Robertson</a>, and performer <a href="/wiki/Sidhu_Moose_Wala" title="Sidhu Moose Wala">Sidhu Moose Wala</a>. </p><p>Others include voice actor <a href="/wiki/Brenna_O%27Brien" title="Brenna O'Brien">Brenna O'Brien</a>, and on-air media personalities <a href="/wiki/Cassie_Campbell" class="mw-redirect" title="Cassie Campbell">Cassie Campbell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Connor" title="Chris Connor">Chris Connor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chris_Cuthbert" title="Chris Cuthbert">Chris Cuthbert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scott_McGillivray" title="Scott McGillivray">Scott McGillivray</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brampton has two sister cities as well as active economic, historic, and cultural relationships with others.<sup id="cite_ref-sistercities_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sistercities-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sister cities: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miami_Beach,_Florida" title="Miami Beach, Florida">Miami Beach, Florida</a><sup id="cite_ref-sistercities_99-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sistercities-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MC_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MC-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano,_Texas" title="Plano, Texas">Plano, Texas</a><sup id="cite_ref-sistercities_99-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sistercities-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-MC_102-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MC-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Friendship relationships:<sup id="cite_ref-:0_101-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ribeira_Grande,_Azores" title="Ribeira Grande, Azores">Ribeira Grande</a>, <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_101-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuzhou" title="Xuzhou">Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_101-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brampton,_Eden" title="Brampton, Eden">Brampton, Eden, Cumbria, England</a><sup id="cite_ref-:0_101-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marikina" title="Marikina">Marikina, Philippines</a><sup id="cite_ref-MC_102-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MC-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gapyeong_County" title="Gapyeong County">Gapyeong, South Korea</a><sup id="cite_ref-MC_102-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MC-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fangshan_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Fangshan District">Fangshan District (Funhill), Beijing, China</a><sup id="cite_ref-MC_102-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MC-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/25px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/37px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg/50px-Maple_Leaf_%28from_roundel%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="305" data-file-height="343" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Canada" title="Portal:Canada">Canada portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Board_of_Trade" title="Brampton Board of Trade">Brampton Board of Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brampton_municipal_election,_2006" class="mw-redirect" title="Brampton municipal election, 2006">Brampton municipal election, 2006</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Brampton_Arts_Person_of_the_Year" class="mw-redirect" title="City of Brampton Arts Person of the Year">City of Brampton Arts Person of the Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_the_Greater_Toronto_Area" title="List of airports in the Greater Toronto Area">List of airports in the Greater Toronto Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_historic_places_in_Brampton" class="mw-redirect" title="List of historic places in Brampton">List of historic places in Brampton</a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="2011csd" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&GENDERlist=1,2,3&STATISTIClist=1&DGUIDlist=2021A0005{{{code}}}">"Brampton (Code 3521010) Census Profile"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/2011_Canadian_census" title="2011 Canadian census">2011 census</a></i>. Government of Canada - <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2011+census&rft.atitle=Brampton+%28Code+3521010%29+Census+Profile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww12.statcan.gc.ca%2Fcensus-recensement%2F2021%2Fdp-pd%2Fprof%2Fdetails%2Fpage.cfm%3FLang%3DE%26GENDERlist%3D1%2C2%2C3%26STATISTIClist%3D1%26DGUIDlist%3D2021A0005%7B%7B%7Bcode%7D%7D%7D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Brampton&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-rayburn-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rayburn_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRayburn2001" class="citation book cs1">Rayburn, Alan (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20121206013151/http://www.utppublishing.com/product.php?productid=859&cat=0&page=1"><i>Naming Canada: Stories about Canadian Place Names</i></a>. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 45. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-8293-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-8293-0"><bdi>978-0-8020-8293-0</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.utppublishing.com/product.php?productid=859&cat=0&page=1">the original</a> on December 6, 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Naming+Canada%3A+Stories+about+Canadian+Place+Names&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pages=45&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-8020-8293-0&rft.aulast=Rayburn&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.utppublishing.com%2Fproduct.php%3Fproductid%3D859%26cat%3D0%26page%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://geonames.nrcan.gc.ca/search-place-names/unique?id=FALIF">"Brampton"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/GeoBase_(geospatial_data)#Geographical_Names_Data_Base" title="GeoBase (geospatial data)">Geographical Names Data Base</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Canada" title="Natural Resources Canada">Natural Resources Canada</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Brampton&rft.btitle=Geographical+Names+Data+Base&rft.pub=Natural+Resources+Canada&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgeonames.nrcan.gc.ca%2Fsearch-place-names%2Funique%3Fid%3DFALIF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2021census-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2021census_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2021census_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2021/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&SearchText=brampton&DGUIDlist=2021A00053521010&GENDERlist=1&STATISTIClist=1&HEADERlist=0">"Data table, Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population - Brampton, City (CY) [Census subdivision], Ontario"</a>. <i>www12.statcan.gc.ca</i>. Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www12.statcan.gc.ca&rft.atitle=Data+table%2C+Census+Profile%2C+2021+Census+of+Population+-+Brampton%2C+City+%28CY%29+%5BCensus+subdivision%5D%2C+Ontario&rft.date=2022-02-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww12.statcan.gc.ca%2Fcensus-recensement%2F2021%2Fdp-pd%2Fprof%2Fdetails%2Fpage.cfm%3FLang%3DE%26SearchText%3Dbrampton%26DGUIDlist%3D2021A00053521010%26GENDERlist%3D1%26STATISTIClist%3D1%26HEADERlist%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/brampton">"Brampton | The Canadian Encyclopedia"</a>. <i>www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 3,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca&rft.atitle=Brampton+%7C+The+Canadian+Encyclopedia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fbrampton&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.insauga.com/why-is-brampton-called-the-flower-city/">"Why is Brampton Called the Flower City?"</a>. <i>InSauga</i>. April 21, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 26,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=InSauga&rft.atitle=Why+is+Brampton+Called+the+Flower+City%3F&rft.date=2017-04-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.insauga.com%2Fwhy-is-brampton-called-the-flower-city%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brampton.ca/EN/Arts-Culture-Tourism/Tourism-Brampton/Visitors/pages/bramptonhistory.aspx">"Brampton History"</a>. <i>City of Brampton</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 26,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+of+Brampton&rft.atitle=Brampton+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brampton.ca%2FEN%2FArts-Culture-Tourism%2FTourism-Brampton%2FVisitors%2Fpages%2Fbramptonhistory.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210607035520/http://mncfn.ca/treaty19/">"Ajetance Treaty, No. 19 (1818) - Mississaugas of the Credit First Nation"</a>. May 28, 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mncfn.ca/treaty19/">the original</a> on June 7, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 3,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ajetance+Treaty%2C+No.+19+%281818%29+-+Mississaugas+of+the+Credit+First+Nation&rft.date=2017-05-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmncfn.ca%2Ftreaty19%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCanada2013" class="citation web cs1">Canada, Government of Canada; Indigenous and Northern Affairs (June 4, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1370372152585/1581293792285">"Treaty Texts - Upper Canada Land Surrenders"</a>. <i>www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 3,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca&rft.atitle=Treaty+Texts+-+Upper+Canada+Land+Surrenders&rft.date=2013-06-04&rft.aulast=Canada&rft.aufirst=Government+of+Canada%3B+Indigenous+and+Northern+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca%2Feng%2F1370372152585%2F1581293792285&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/CollectionSearch/Pages/record.aspx?app=fonandcol&IdNumber=3951604&new=-8585976781461825604">"Provisional Agreement with the Mississagues of the River Credit, for the surrender of 648,000 Acres of Land"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Library_and_Archives_Canada" title="Library and Archives Canada">Library and Archives Canada</a></i>. November 25, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210605214657/https://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/CollectionSearch/Pages/record.aspx?app=fonandcol&IdNumber=3951604&new=-8585976781461825604">Archived</a> from the original on June 5, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Library+and+Archives+Canada&rft.atitle=Provisional+Agreement+with+the+Mississagues+of+the+River+Credit%2C+for+the+surrender+of+648%2C000+Acres+of+Land&rft.date=2016-11-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bac-lac.gc.ca%2Feng%2FCollectionSearch%2FPages%2Frecord.aspx%3Fapp%3Dfonandcol%26IdNumber%3D3951604%26new%3D-8585976781461825604&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1370372152585/1581293792285#ucls17">"Ajetance Treaty No. 19"</a>. <i>Treaty Texts - Upper Canada Land Surrenders</i>. June 4, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200319041254/https://www.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca/eng/1370372152585/1581293792285">Archived</a> from the original on March 19, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Treaty+Texts+-+Upper+Canada+Land+Surrenders&rft.atitle=Ajetance+Treaty+No.+19&rft.date=2013-06-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rcaanc-cirnac.gc.ca%2Feng%2F1370372152585%2F1581293792285%23ucls17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100years-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-100years_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-100years_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-100years_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"Brampton's Beginning" in <i>Bramptons's 100th Anniversary as an Incorporated Town: 1873–1973</i>, Brampton: The Corporation of the Town of Brampton and the Brampton Centennial Committee, 1973, originally published in Ross Cumming, ed., <i>Historical Atlas of Peel County</i>, n.p.: Walker and Miles, 1877.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nursery-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nursery_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nursery_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nursery_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100221032242/http://www.brampton.ca/en/Arts-Culture-Tourism/heritage/Pages/Brampton%27s-History.aspx">"Discover Brampton's History"</a>. City of Brampton. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brampton.ca/en/Arts-Culture-Tourism/heritage/Pages/Brampton's-History.aspx">the original</a> on February 21, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Discover+Brampton%27s+History&rft.pub=City+of+Brampton&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brampton.ca%2Fen%2FArts-Culture-Tourism%2Fheritage%2FPages%2FBrampton%27s-History.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bost-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bost_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bost_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bost_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bost_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bost_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bost_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bost_13-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBost2007" class="citation web cs1">Bost, John (December 30, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tomorrowstrust.ca/?p=1282">"Without a trace"</a>. <i>Book Review</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2010</span>. <q>O'Hara tells the story of how the Dale Estate joined with the town to market the town as the "Flower Town of Canada" by instituting in 1963, The Flower Festival of Brampton, patterned after the great Rose Festival parade of Portland, Oregon.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Book+Review&rft.atitle=Without+a+trace&rft.date=2007-12-30&rft.aulast=Bost&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftomorrowstrust.ca%2F%3Fp%3D1282&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-acresof-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-acresof_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Hara2007" class="citation book cs1">O'Hara, Dale (September 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090619202006/http://www.acresofglass.com/"><i>Acres of Glass: The Story of the Dale Estate and How Brampton Became "The Flower Town of Canada"</i></a>. Eastendbooks. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-896973-39-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-896973-39-5"><bdi>978-1-896973-39-5</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://acresofglass.com/">the original</a> on June 19, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Acres+of+Glass%3A+The+Story+of+the+Dale+Estate+and+How+Brampton+Became+%22The+Flower+Town+of+Canada%22&rft.pub=Eastendbooks&rft.date=2007-09&rft.isbn=978-1-896973-39-5&rft.aulast=O%27Hara&rft.aufirst=Dale&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Facresofglass.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-floriculture-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-floriculture_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-floriculture_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-floriculture_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110708123544/http://www.catchthespiritbrampton.com/flowertown.php">"Brampton's FlowerTown Heritage"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catchthespiritbrampton.com/flowertown.php">the original</a> on July 8, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brampton%27s+FlowerTown+Heritage&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catchthespiritbrampton.com%2Fflowertown.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://peelarchivesblog.com/2017/04/25/the-creation-of-the-county-of-peel-1851-1867/">"The creation of the County of Peel, 1851-1867"</a>. April 25, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+creation+of+the+County+of+Peel%2C+1851-1867&rft.date=2017-04-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpeelarchivesblog.com%2F2017%2F04%2F25%2Fthe-creation-of-the-county-of-peel-1851-1867%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The province of Ontario gazetteer and directory. H. McEvoy Editor and Compiler, Toronto : Robertson & Cook, Publishers, 1869</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/chisholm_kenneth_13E.html">"Biography – CHISHOLM, KENNETH – Volume XIII (1901-1910) – Dictionary of Canadian Biography"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biography+%E2%80%93+CHISHOLM%2C+KENNETH+%E2%80%93+Volume+XIII+%281901-1910%29+%E2%80%93+Dictionary+of+Canadian+Biography&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biographi.ca%2Fen%2Fbio%2Fchisholm_kenneth_13E.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170619171344/http://www.brampton.ca/EN/Arts-Culture-Tourism/alderlea/Pages/Alderlea-History.aspx">"History of Alderlea"</a>. <i>www.brampton.ca</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brampton.ca/EN/Arts-Culture-Tourism/alderlea/Pages/Alderlea-History.aspx">the original</a> on June 19, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.brampton.ca&rft.atitle=History+of+Alderlea&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brampton.ca%2FEN%2FArts-Culture-Tourism%2Falderlea%2FPages%2FAlderlea-History.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDouglas2015" class="citation web cs1">Douglas, Pam (March 26, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bramptonguardian.com/community-story/5527696-alderlea-reborn-brampton-s-heritage-home-now-available-for-rent/">"Alderlea reborn: Brampton's heritage home now available for rent - BramptonGuardian.com"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 2,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alderlea+reborn%3A+Brampton%27s+heritage+home+now+available+for+rent+-+BramptonGuardian.com&rft.date=2015-03-26&rft.aulast=Douglas&rft.aufirst=Pam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bramptonguardian.com%2Fcommunity-story%2F5527696-alderlea-reborn-brampton-s-heritage-home-now-available-for-rent%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FCS-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FCS_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100622045141/http://www.brampton.ca/en/Business/planning-development/projects-studies/Pages/flower-city-strategy.aspx">"Flower City Strategy"</a>. City of Brampton. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brampton.ca/en/Business/planning-development/projects-studies/Pages/flower-city-strategy.aspx">the original</a> on June 22, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2010</span>. <q>On June 24, 2002, Council received and approved the "Flower City Strategy", with the expressed purpose of recapturing of Brampton's Floral heritage.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Flower+City+Strategy&rft.pub=City+of+Brampton&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brampton.ca%2Fen%2FBusiness%2Fplanning-development%2Fprojects-studies%2FPages%2Fflower-city-strategy.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-flowercity-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-flowercity_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100409072525/http://www.brampton.ca/EN/ARTS-CULTURE-TOURISM/HERITAGE/Pages/welcome.aspx">"Heritage"</a>. City of Brampton. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brampton.ca/en/Arts-Culture-Tourism/heritage/Pages/welcome.aspx">the original</a> on April 9, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Heritage&rft.pub=City+of+Brampton&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brampton.ca%2Fen%2FArts-Culture-Tourism%2Fheritage%2FPages%2Fwelcome.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-floralheritage-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-floralheritage_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-floralheritage_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100413113048/http://www.brampton.ca/en/City-Hall/Strategic-Priorities/Pages/Environmental-Responsibility.aspx">"Environmental Responsibility"</a>. City of Brampton. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brampton.ca/en/City-Hall/Strategic-Priorities/Pages/Environmental-Responsibility.aspx">the original</a> on April 13, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 8,</span> 2010</span>. <q>The City is taking steps to reclaim our "flower town" roots through the Flower City Strategy, a multifaceted approach that strives to beautify Brampton, preserve its natural and cultural heritage and protect the environment. An important part of this strategy is adopting a sustainable environmental approach that combines conservation with urban development and design, naturalisation and community landscaping.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Environmental+Responsibility&rft.pub=City+of+Brampton&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brampton.ca%2Fen%2FCity-Hall%2FStrategic-Priorities%2FPages%2FEnvironmental-Responsibility.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hewetson Shoe Factory. City of Brampton. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130518224619/http://www.thewellbeing.ca/Clinic_Info.html">"A Little Bit of History..."</a> Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thewellbeing.ca/Clinic_Info.html">the original</a> on May 18, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Little+Bit+of+History...&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thewellbeing.ca%2FClinic_Info.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brampton.ca/EN/Arts-Culture-Tourism/digital/Heritage-Walking-Tour-Book/index.html#?page=0">"A Walk Through Time"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130509010501/http://www.brampton.ca/EN/Arts-Culture-Tourism/digital/Heritage-Walking-Tour-Book/index.html#?page=0">Archived</a> May 9, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, City of Brampton, c.2010</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bramptonlibrary.ca/index.php/your-account/blog/472-saying-goodbye-to-our-civic-centre-branch">"Saying goodbye to our Civic Centre branch"</a>. <i>Brampton Public Library</i>. August 1, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Brampton+Public+Library&rft.atitle=Saying+goodbye+to+our+Civic+Centre+branch&rft.date=2023-08-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bramptonlibrary.ca%2Findex.php%2Fyour-account%2Fblog%2F472-saying-goodbye-to-our-civic-centre-branch&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brampton.ca/EN/Arts-Culture-Tourism/Tourism-Brampton/Visitors/Pages/BramptonHistory.aspx#:~:text=In%20the%20late%201950s,%20Bramalea,parks,%20commercial%20business%20and%20industry.">"Brampton History"</a>. <i>www.brampton.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 6,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.brampton.ca&rft.atitle=Brampton+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brampton.ca%2FEN%2FArts-Culture-Tourism%2FTourism-Brampton%2FVisitors%2FPages%2FBramptonHistory.aspx%23%3A~%3Atext%3DIn%2520the%2520late%25201950s%2C%2520Bramalea%2Cparks%2C%2520commercial%2520business%2520and%2520industry.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bramptonguardian.com/living-story/5763940-brampton-s-historic-churchville-village-turns-200/">"Brampton's historic Churchville village turns 200"</a>. <i>Pam Douglas</i>. Brampton Guardian. July 28, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 12,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pam+Douglas&rft.atitle=Brampton%27s+historic+Churchville+village+turns+200&rft.date=2015-07-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bramptonguardian.com%2Fliving-story%2F5763940-brampton-s-historic-churchville-village-turns-200%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1996census-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-1996census_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1996census_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/census96/data/profiles/Rp-eng.cfm?TABID=2&LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=202027&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=35782&PRID=0&PTYPE=3&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=1996&THEME=34&VID=0&VNAMEE=&VNAMEF=&D1=0&D2=0&D3=0&D4=0&D5=0&D6=0">"Electronic Area Profiles: Brampton"</a>. <i>www12.statcan.gc.ca</i>. 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April 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.brampton.ca/EN/Business/edo/Invest-Brampton/Documents/GlobalPartnershipsAgreements.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on March 3, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+of+Brampton&rft.atitle=Brampton+Global+Partnership+Agreements&rft.date=2014-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.brampton.ca%2FEN%2FBusiness%2Fedo%2FInvest-Brampton%2FDocuments%2FGlobalPartnershipsAgreements.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_101-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_101-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_101-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_101-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_101-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCriscione2016" class="citation web cs1">Criscione, Peter (October 20, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bramptonguardian.com/news-story/6921350-brampton-eyes-new-relationship-with-portuguese-city/">"Brampton Eyes New Relationship With Portuguese City"</a>. Brampton Guardian.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brampton+Eyes+New+Relationship+With+Portuguese+City&rft.pub=Brampton+Guardian&rft.date=2016-10-20&rft.aulast=Criscione&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bramptonguardian.com%2Fnews-story%2F6921350-brampton-eyes-new-relationship-with-portuguese-city%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MC-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MC_102-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MC_102-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MC_102-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MC_102-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MC_102-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161220065625/http://www.brampton.ca/EN/City-Hall/meetings-agendas/Economic%20Development%20Committee/20160302ed_Agenda.pdf">"Economic Development Committee"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. City of Brampton. March 2, 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.brampton.ca/EN/City-Hall/meetings-agendas/Economic%20Development%20Committee/20160302ed_Agenda.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on December 20, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Economic+Development+Committee&rft.pub=City+of+Brampton&rft.date=2016-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.brampton.ca%2FEN%2FCity-Hall%2Fmeetings-agendas%2FEconomic%2520Development%2520Committee%2F20160302ed_Agenda.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABrampton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-euro-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-euro_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SoutheastAsian-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SoutheastAsian_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MiddleEastern-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MiddleEastern_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EastAsian-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EastAsian_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Other-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Other_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, <abbr title="not included 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Brampton" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Brampton</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Caledon,_Ontario" title="Caledon, 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typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mississauga" title="Mississauga">Mississauga</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_of_Peel_Region,_Ontario" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Peel_region" title="Template:Peel region"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Peel_region" title="Template talk:Peel region"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Peel_region" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Peel region"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_of_Peel_Region,_Ontario" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Peel" title="Regional Municipality of Peel">Peel Region, Ontario</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">City of Brampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caledon,_Ontario" title="Caledon, Ontario">Town of Caledon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississauga" title="Mississauga">City of Mississauga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Greater_Toronto_Area" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greater_Toronto_Area" title="Template:Greater Toronto Area"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greater_Toronto_Area" title="Template talk:Greater Toronto Area"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greater_Toronto_Area" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greater Toronto Area"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Greater_Toronto_Area" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Greater_Toronto_Area" title="Greater Toronto Area">Greater Toronto Area</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b>Largest city: <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Durham" title="Regional Municipality of Durham">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Halton" title="Regional Municipality of Halton">Halton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Peel" title="Regional Municipality of Peel">Peel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_York" title="Regional Municipality of York">York</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_Toronto_Area_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Toronto"><img alt="Toronto" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Greater_Toronto_Area_map.svg/100px-Greater_Toronto_Area_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Greater_Toronto_Area_map.svg/150px-Greater_Toronto_Area_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Greater_Toronto_Area_map.svg/200px-Greater_Toronto_Area_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="643" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burlington,_Ontario" title="Burlington, Ontario">Burlington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markham,_Ontario" title="Markham, Ontario">Markham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississauga" title="Mississauga">Mississauga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshawa" title="Oshawa">Oshawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickering,_Ontario" title="Pickering, Ontario">Pickering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Hill,_Ontario" title="Richmond Hill, Ontario">Richmond Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaughan" title="Vaughan">Vaughan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ajax,_Ontario" title="Ajax, Ontario">Ajax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurora,_Ontario" title="Aurora, Ontario">Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caledon,_Ontario" title="Caledon, Ontario">Caledon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Gwillimbury" title="East Gwillimbury">East Gwillimbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgina,_Ontario" title="Georgina, Ontario">Georgina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halton_Hills" title="Halton Hills">Halton Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milton,_Ontario" title="Milton, Ontario">Milton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newmarket,_Ontario" title="Newmarket, Ontario">Newmarket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakville,_Ontario" title="Oakville, Ontario">Oakville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitby,_Ontario" title="Whitby, Ontario">Whitby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitchurch-Stouffville" title="Whitchurch-Stouffville">Whitchurch-Stouffville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Townships</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brock,_Ontario" title="Brock, Ontario">Brock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King,_Ontario" title="King, Ontario">King</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scugog" title="Scugog">Scugog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uxbridge,_Ontario" title="Uxbridge, Ontario">Uxbridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Municipalities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clarington" title="Clarington">Clarington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/48px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/64px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ontario" title="Portal:Ontario">Ontario portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Brampton" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Brampton" title="Template:Brampton"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Brampton" title="Template talk:Brampton"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Brampton" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Brampton"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Brampton" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brampton</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Buildings and structures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A._Grenville_and_William_Davis_Courthouse" title="A. Grenville and William Davis Courthouse">A. Grenville and William Davis Courthouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bramalea_City_Centre" title="Bramalea City Centre">Bramalea City Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Civic_Hospital" title="Brampton Civic Hospital">Brampton Civic Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Library" title="Brampton Library">Brampton Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Soccer_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Brampton Soccer Centre">Brampton Soccer Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAA_Centre" title="CAA Centre">CAA Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War_Memorial_Wall_(Canada)" title="Korean War Memorial Wall (Canada)">Korean War Memorial Wall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peel_Art_Gallery,_Museum_and_Archives" title="Peel Art Gallery, Museum and Archives">Peel Art Gallery, Museum and Archives</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peel_County_Courthouse" title="Peel County Courthouse">Peel County Courthouse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peel_Memorial_Centre_for_Integrated_Health_and_Wellness" title="Peel Memorial Centre for Integrated Health and Wellness">Peel Memorial Centre for Integrated Health and Wellness</a> (formerly <a href="/wiki/Peel_Memorial_Hospital" title="Peel Memorial Hospital">Peel Memorial Hospital</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Theatre,_Brampton" class="mw-redirect" title="Rose Theatre, Brampton">Rose Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoppers_World_Brampton" title="Shoppers World Brampton">Shoppers World Brampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Common_Mall" title="Trinity Common Mall">Trinity Common Mall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neighborhoods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alloa,_Ontario" title="Alloa, Ontario">Alloa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bramalea,_Ontario" title="Bramalea, Ontario">Bramalea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castlemore,_Brampton" title="Castlemore, Brampton">Castlemore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinguacousy_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinguacousy Township, Ontario">Chinguacousy Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchville,_Brampton" title="Churchville, Brampton">Churchville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claireville,_Brampton" title="Claireville, Brampton">Claireville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coleraine,_Ontario" title="Coleraine, Ontario">Coleraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebenezer,_Brampton" title="Ebenezer, Brampton">Ebenezer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Pleasant,_Brampton,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Mount Pleasant, Brampton, Ontario">Mount Pleasant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snelgrove,_Ontario" title="Snelgrove, Ontario">Snelgrove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springdale,_Brampton" title="Springdale, Brampton">Springdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Gore_Township,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Toronto Gore Township, Ontario">Toronto Gore Township</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tullamore,_Ontario" title="Tullamore, Ontario">Tullamore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildfield,_Ontario" title="Wildfield, Ontario">Wildfield</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Arts_Council" title="Brampton Arts Council">Brampton Arts Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Board_of_Trade" title="Brampton Board of Trade">Brampton Board of Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_of_Literary_Diversity" title="Festival of Literary Diversity">Festival of Literary Diversity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Arts_Brampton" title="Visual Arts Brampton">Visual Arts Brampton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peel_District_School_Board" title="Peel District School Board">Peel District School Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dufferin-Peel_Catholic_District_School_Board" title="Dufferin-Peel Catholic District School Board">Dufferin-Peel Catholic District School Board</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conseil_scolaire_Viamonde" title="Conseil scolaire Viamonde">Conseil scolaire Viamonde</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conseil_scolaire_de_district_catholique_Centre-Sud" class="mw-redirect" title="Conseil scolaire de district catholique Centre-Sud">Conseil scolaire de district catholique Centre-Sud</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheridan_College" title="Sheridan College">Sheridan College, Davis Campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algoma_University_at_Brampton" class="mw-redirect" title="Algoma University at Brampton">Algoma University at Brampton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brampton_City_Council" title="Brampton City Council">Brampton City Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brampton_City_Hall" title="Brampton City Hall">Brampton City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10_Peel_Centre_Drive" title="10 Peel Centre Drive">10 Peel Centre Drive</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CFNY-FM" title="CFNY-FM">CFNY-FM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHLO_(AM)" title="CHLO (AM)">CHLO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIRF" title="CIRF">CIRF</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Guardian" title="Brampton Guardian">Brampton Guardian</a></i></li></ul> <dl><dt>Defunct</dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bramptonian" title="The Bramptonian">The Bramptonian</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/The_Brampton_Times" title="The Brampton Times">The Brampton Times</a></i></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Fall_Fair" title="Brampton Fall Fair">Brampton Fall Fair</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carabram&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carabram (page does not exist)">Carabram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinguacousy_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinguacousy Park">Chinguacousy Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claireville_Conservation_Area" title="Claireville Conservation Area">Claireville Conservation Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heart_Lake,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Heart Lake, Ontario">Heart Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loafers_Lake" title="Loafers Lake">Loafers Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Naivelt" title="Camp Naivelt">Camp Naivelt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professor%27s_Lake" title="Professor's Lake">Professor's Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brampton-Caledon_Airport" title="Brampton-Caledon Airport">Brampton-Caledon Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brampton_Transit" title="Brampton Transit">Brampton Transit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCm" title="Züm">Züm</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_roads_in_Brampton" title="List of roads in Brampton">Roads</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Great_Lakes_megalopolis_as_defined_by_the_RPA" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Great_Lakes_Megalopolis" title="Template:Great Lakes Megalopolis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Great_Lakes_Megalopolis" title="Template talk:Great Lakes Megalopolis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Great_Lakes_Megalopolis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Great Lakes Megalopolis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Great_Lakes_megalopolis_as_defined_by_the_RPA" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Great_Lakes_megalopolis" title="Great Lakes megalopolis">Great Lakes megalopolis</a> as defined by the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Plan_Association" title="Regional Plan Association">RPA</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Includes all metropolitan areas that have a population of 150,000 or greater according to the most recent national census.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Great Lakes region cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brantford" title="Brantford">Brantford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo%E2%80%93Niagara_Falls_metropolitan_area" title="Buffalo–Niagara Falls metropolitan area"> Buffalo–Niagara Falls</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo,_New_York" title="Buffalo, New York">Buffalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls,_New_York" title="Niagara Falls, New York">Niagara Falls</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_metropolitan_area" title="Chicago metropolitan area">Chicago</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Cleveland" title="Greater Cleveland">Cleveland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland" title="Cleveland">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_Detroit" title="Metro Detroit">Detroit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detroit" title="Detroit">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin_Ports" title="Twin Ports">Duluth–Superior</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duluth,_Minnesota" title="Duluth, Minnesota">Duluth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior,_Wisconsin" title="Superior, Wisconsin">Superior</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erie%E2%80%93Meadville,_PA_Combined_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Erie–Meadville, PA Combined Statistical Area">Erie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erie,_Pennsylvania" title="Erie, Pennsylvania">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids_metropolitan_area" title="Grand Rapids metropolitan area">Grand Rapids</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Rapids,_Michigan" title="Grand Rapids, Michigan">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guelph" title="Guelph">Guelph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Bay_metropolitan_area" title="Green Bay metropolitan area">Green Bay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green_Bay,_Wisconsin" title="Green Bay, Wisconsin">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Ontario" title="Hamilton, Ontario">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holland,_Michigan" title="Holland, Michigan">Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalamazoo%E2%80%93Portage_metropolitan_area" title="Kalamazoo–Portage metropolitan area">Kalamazoo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalamazoo,_Michigan" title="Kalamazoo, Michigan">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenosha,_Wisconsin" title="Kenosha, Wisconsin">Kenosha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lansing%E2%80%93East_Lansing_metropolitan_area" title="Lansing–East Lansing metropolitan area">Lansing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lansing,_Michigan" title="Lansing, Michigan">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London,_Ontario" title="London, Ontario">London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_metropolitan_area" title="Milwaukee metropolitan area">Milwaukee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muskegon,_Michigan" title="Muskegon, Michigan">Muskegon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Niagara" title="Regional Municipality of Niagara">Niagara Region</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Catharines" title="St. Catharines">St. Catharines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls,_Ontario" title="Niagara Falls, Ontario">Niagara Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welland,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Welland, Ontario">Welland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niles,_Michigan" title="Niles, Michigan">Niles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshawa" title="Oshawa">Oshawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester_metropolitan_area,_New_York" title="Rochester metropolitan area, New York">Rochester, New York</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_New_York" title="Rochester, New York">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Bend%E2%80%93Mishawaka_metropolitan_area" title="South Bend–Mishawaka metropolitan area">South Bend</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Bend,_Indiana" title="South Bend, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thunder_Bay" title="Thunder Bay">Thunder Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_metropolitan_area" title="Toledo metropolitan area">Toledo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Ohio" title="Toledo, Ohio">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Toronto_Area" title="Greater Toronto Area">Toronto</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traverse_City_metropolitan_area" title="Traverse City metropolitan area">Traverse City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traverse_City,_Michigan" title="Traverse City, Michigan">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Waterloo" title="Regional Municipality of Waterloo">Waterloo Region</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kitchener,_Ontario" title="Kitchener, Ontario">Kitchener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Ontario" title="Cambridge, Ontario">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterloo,_Ontario" title="Waterloo, Ontario">Waterloo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windsor,_Ontario" title="Windsor, Ontario">Windsor</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/ChiPitts_megaregion.png/145px-ChiPitts_megaregion.png" decoding="async" width="145" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/ChiPitts_megaregion.png/218px-ChiPitts_megaregion.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/ChiPitts_megaregion.png/290px-ChiPitts_megaregion.png 2x" data-file-width="1188" data-file-height="704" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Surrounding cities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akron_metropolitan_area" title="Akron metropolitan area">Akron</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akron,_Ohio" title="Akron, Ohio">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altoona,_Pennsylvania" title="Altoona, Pennsylvania">Altoona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Arbor,_Michigan" title="Ann Arbor, Michigan">Ann Arbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrie" title="Barrie">Barrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomington_metropolitan_area,_Indiana" title="Bloomington metropolitan area, Indiana">Bloomington, Indiana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloomington,_Indiana" title="Bloomington, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomington%E2%80%93Normal" title="Bloomington–Normal">Bloomington–Normal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloomington,_Illinois" title="Bloomington, Illinois">Bloomington, Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Normal,_Illinois" title="Normal, Illinois">Normal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton%E2%80%93Massillon,_Ohio,_metropolitan_area" title="Canton–Massillon, Ohio, metropolitan area">Canton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canton,_Ohio" title="Canton, Ohio">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champaign%E2%80%93Urbana_metropolitan_area" title="Champaign–Urbana metropolitan area">Champaign</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Champaign,_Illinois" title="Champaign, Illinois">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_metropolitan_area" title="Cincinnati metropolitan area">Cincinnati</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati" title="Cincinnati">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_metropolitan_area,_Ohio" title="Columbus metropolitan area, Ohio">Columbus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Ohio" title="Columbus, Ohio">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton_metropolitan_area" title="Dayton metropolitan area">Dayton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dayton,_Ohio" title="Dayton, Ohio">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eau_Claire%E2%80%93Chippewa_Falls_metropolitan_area" title="Eau Claire–Chippewa Falls metropolitan area">Eau Claire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eau_Claire,_Wisconsin" title="Eau Claire, Wisconsin">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elkhart,_Indiana" title="Elkhart, Indiana">Elkhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evansville_metropolitan_area" title="Evansville metropolitan area">Evansville</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evansville,_Indiana" title="Evansville, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fargo%E2%80%93Moorhead" title="Fargo–Moorhead">Fargo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fargo,_North_Dakota" title="Fargo, North Dakota">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flint,_Michigan" title="Flint, Michigan">Flint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_IN_Metropolitan_Statistical_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Wayne, IN Metropolitan Statistical Area">Fort Wayne</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Wayne,_Indiana" title="Fort Wayne, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Cities" title="Fox Cities">Fox Cities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appleton,_Wisconsin" title="Appleton, Wisconsin">Appleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshkosh,_Wisconsin" title="Oshkosh, Wisconsin">Oshkosh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_metropolitan_area" title="Indianapolis metropolitan area">Indianapolis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis" title="Indianapolis">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson,_Michigan" title="Jackson, Michigan">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janesville,_Wisconsin" title="Janesville, Wisconsin">Janesville</a>–<a href="/wiki/Beloit,_Wisconsin" title="Beloit, Wisconsin">Beloit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kankakee-Bourbonnais-Bradley,_IL_MSA" class="mw-redirect" title="Kankakee-Bourbonnais-Bradley, IL MSA">Kankakee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kankakee,_Illinois" title="Kankakee, Illinois">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston,_Ontario" title="Kingston, Ontario">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Crosse%E2%80%93Onalaska" title="La Crosse–Onalaska">La Crosse–Onalaska</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Crosse,_Wisconsin" title="La Crosse, Wisconsin">La Crosse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onalaska,_Wisconsin" title="Onalaska, Wisconsin">Onalaska</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_metropolitan_area,_Indiana" title="Lafayette metropolitan area, Indiana">Lafayette</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette,_Indiana" title="Lafayette, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_metropolitan_area" title="Madison metropolitan area">Madison</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madison,_Wisconsin" title="Madison, Wisconsin">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahoning_Valley" title="Mahoning Valley">Mahoning Valley</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Youngstown,_Ohio" title="Youngstown, Ohio">Youngstown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis%E2%80%93Saint_Paul" title="Minneapolis–Saint Paul">Minneapolis–Saint Paul</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul,_Minnesota" title="Saint Paul, Minnesota">Saint Paul</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Montreal" title="Greater Montreal">Greater Montreal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laval,_Quebec" title="Laval, Quebec">Laval</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longueuil" title="Longueuil">Longueuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Capital_Region_(Canada)" title="National Capital Region (Canada)">National Capital Region</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ottawa" title="Ottawa">Ottawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatineau" title="Gatineau">Gatineau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh%E2%80%93New_Castle%E2%80%93Weirton_combined_statistical_area" title="Pittsburgh–New Castle–Weirton combined statistical area">Pittsburgh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh" title="Pittsburgh">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoria_metropolitan_area,_Illinois" class="mw-redirect" title="Peoria metropolitan area, Illinois">Peoria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peoria,_Illinois" title="Peoria, Illinois">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peterborough,_Ontario" title="Peterborough, Ontario">Peterborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockford_metropolitan_area,_Illinois" title="Rockford metropolitan area, Illinois">Rockford</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rockford,_Illinois" title="Rockford, Illinois">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochester_metropolitan_area,_Minnesota" title="Rochester metropolitan area, Minnesota">Rochester, Minnesota</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rochester,_Minnesota" title="Rochester, Minnesota">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saguenay,_Quebec" title="Saguenay, Quebec">Saguenay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Cloud,_Minnesota_metropolitan_area" title="St. Cloud, Minnesota metropolitan area">St. Cloud</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Cloud,_Minnesota" title="St. Cloud, Minnesota">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saginaw,_Midland,_and_Bay_City_metropolitan_area" title="Saginaw, Midland, and Bay City metropolitan area">Saginaw</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saginaw,_Michigan" title="Saginaw, Michigan">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Sioux Falls metropolitan area">Sioux Falls</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sioux_Falls,_South_Dakota" title="Sioux Falls, South Dakota">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield_metropolitan_area,_Illinois" title="Springfield metropolitan area, Illinois">Springfield</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Illinois" title="Springfield, Illinois">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Sudbury" title="Greater Sudbury">Sudbury</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urban_neighbourhoods_of_Sudbury" title="Urban neighbourhoods of Sudbury">urban neighbourhoods</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse_metropolitan_area" title="Syracuse metropolitan area">Syracuse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_New_York" title="Syracuse, New York">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terre_Haute_metropolitan_area" title="Terre Haute metropolitan area">Terre Haute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terre_Haute,_Indiana" title="Terre Haute, Indiana">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res" title="Trois-Rivières">Trois-Rivières</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utica%E2%80%93Rome_metropolitan_area" title="Utica–Rome metropolitan area">Utica–Rome</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Utica,_New_York" title="Utica, New York">Utica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rome,_New_York" title="Rome, New York">Rome</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quad_Cities" title="Quad Cities">Quad Cities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bettendorf,_Iowa" title="Bettendorf, Iowa">Bettendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davenport,_Iowa" title="Davenport, Iowa">Davenport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Moline,_Illinois" title="East Moline, Illinois">East Moline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moline,_Illinois" title="Moline, Illinois">Moline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_Island,_Illinois" title="Rock Island, Illinois">Rock Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_City_metropolitan_community" class="mw-redirect" title="Quebec City metropolitan community">Greater Quebec</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_City" title="Quebec City">city</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities of states south of region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethtown_metropolitan_area" title="Elizabethtown metropolitan area">Elizabethtown</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethtown,_Kentucky" title="Elizabethtown, Kentucky">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_metropolitan_area" title="Kansas City metropolitan area">Kansas City</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_metropolitan_area" title="Louisville metropolitan area">Louisville</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louisville,_Kentucky" title="Louisville, Kentucky">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_St._Louis" title="Greater St. Louis">St. Louis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topeka_metropolitan_area,_Kansas" title="Topeka metropolitan area, Kansas">Topeka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Topeka,_Kansas" title="Topeka, Kansas">city</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheeling_metropolitan_area" title="Wheeling metropolitan area">Wheeling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wheeling,_West_Virginia" title="Wheeling, West Virginia">city</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other metro-regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_City%E2%80%93Windsor_Corridor" title="Quebec City–Windsor Corridor">Quebec City–Windsor Corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Horseshoe" title="Golden Horseshoe">Golden Horseshoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Toronto_and_Hamilton_Area" title="Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area">Greater Toronto and Hamilton Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit%E2%80%93Windsor" title="Detroit–Windsor">Detroit–Windsor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Pittsburgh" title="Greater Pittsburgh">Greater Pittsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_East" title="Metro East">Metro East</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Megaregions_of_the_United_States" title="Megaregions of the United States">Other megaregions</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44198#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44198#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44198#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/123162587">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1224204/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjRWfKfV97xcFvQJbHwG3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4649508-3">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83030012">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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