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Kundu</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Banani Kundu"> <meta name="keywords" content="Banani Kundu"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Banani Kundu"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 34</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Banani Kundu</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Curcumin and Methotrexate Loaded Montmollilite Clay for Sustained Oral Drug Delivery Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subrata%20Kar">Subrata Kar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Banani%20Kundu"> Banani Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Papiya%20Nandy"> Papiya Nandy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruma%20Basu"> Ruma Basu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sukhen%20Das"> Sukhen Das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Natural montmorilollite clay is a common ingredient in pharmaceutical products, both as excipients and active support; hence considered as suitable candidate for Drug Delivery System. In this work, cationic detergent CTAB is used to increase the interlayer spacing of Na+-Montmoriollite clay to intercalate curcumin and methotrexate. Methotrexate is a folic acid antagonist, anti-proliferative and immunosuppressive agent; while curcumin is a bioactive constituent of rhizomes of Curcuma longa, possessing remarkable chemo-preventive and anti-inflammatory properties. The resultant inorganic-organic hybrids are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) to confirm successful intercalation of curcumin and Methotrexate within clay layers. Pharmaceutical investigation of the hybrids is explored by studying the drug loading (%), encapsulation efficiency and release kinetics. Finally in-vitro studies are performed using cancer cells to find the effect of released curcumin to improve the sensitivity of clay bound methotrexate to ameliorate cell death compared to their effectiveness when used without the inorganic aluminosilicate vehicle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=montmorillonite" title="montmorillonite">montmorillonite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methotrexate" title=" methotrexate"> methotrexate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curcumin" title=" curcumin"> curcumin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loading%20efficiency" title=" loading efficiency"> loading efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=release%20kinetics" title=" release kinetics"> release kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticancer%20activity" title=" anticancer activity"> anticancer activity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42753/curcumin-and-methotrexate-loaded-montmollilite-clay-for-sustained-oral-drug-delivery-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42753.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">515</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Efficient Utilization of Biomass for Bioenergy in Environmental Control</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subir%20Kundu">Subir Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sukhendra%20Singh"> Sukhendra Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumedha%20Ojha"> Sumedha Ojha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kanika%20Kundu"> Kanika Kundu </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The continuous decline of petroleum and natural gas reserves and non linear rise of oil price has brought about a realisation of the need for a change in our perpetual dependence on the fossil fuel. A day to day increased consumption of crude and petroleum products has made a considerable impact on our foreign exchange reserves. Hence, an alternate resource for the conversion of energy (both liquid and gas) is essential for the substitution of conventional fuels. Biomass is the alternate solution for the present scenario. Biomass can be converted into both liquid as well as gaseous fuels and other feedstocks for the industries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioenergy" title="bioenergy">bioenergy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomass%20conversion" title=" biomass conversion"> biomass conversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biorefining" title=" biorefining"> biorefining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficient%20utilisation%20of%20night%20soil" title=" efficient utilisation of night soil"> efficient utilisation of night soil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20527/efficient-utilization-of-biomass-for-bioenergy-in-environmental-control" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20527.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">406</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Exploring Service Performance of Area-Based Bus Service for Dhaka: A Case Study of Dhaka Chaka</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Musfiqur%20Rahman%20Bhuiya%20%20Nidalia%20Islam">Md. Musfiqur Rahman Bhuiya Nidalia Islam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossain%20Mohiuddin"> Hossain Mohiuddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Md.%20Kawser%20Bin%20Zaman"> Md. Kawser Bin Zaman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dhaka North City Corporation introduced first area-based bus service on 10 August 2016 to run through Gulshan and Banani area to dilute sufferings of the people which started with the ban on movement of the bus in these areas after Holy Artisan terrorist attack. This study explores service quality performance of Dhaka Chaka on the basis of information provided by its riders on a questionnaire survey. Total thirteen service quality indicators have been ranked on a scale of 1-5, and they have been classified under three latent variables based on their correlation using eigenvalue and rotated factor matrix derived through factor analysis process. Mean, and skewness has been calculated for each indicator. It has been found that ticket price and ticketing system have relatively poor average service quality rank than other factors. All other factors have moderately good performance. The study also suggests some recommendation to improve service quality of Dhaka Chaka based on the interrelation between considered parameters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=area%20based%20bus%20service" title="area based bus service">area based bus service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eigen%20value" title=" eigen value"> eigen value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factor%20analysis" title=" factor analysis"> factor analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlation" title=" correlation"> correlation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89837/exploring-service-performance-of-area-based-bus-service-for-dhaka-a-case-study-of-dhaka-chaka" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89837.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Aperiodic and Asymmetric Fibonacci Quasicrystals: Next Big Future in Quantum Computation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jatindranath%20Gain">Jatindranath Gain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madhumita%20DasSarkar"> Madhumita DasSarkar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudakshina%20Kundu"> Sudakshina Kundu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Quantum information is stored in states with multiple quasiparticles, which have a topological degeneracy. Topological quantum computation is concerned with two-dimensional many body systems that support excitations. Anyons are elementary building block of quantum computations. When anyons tunneling in a double-layer system can transition to an exotic non-Abelian state and produce Fibonacci anyons, which are powerful enough for universal topological quantum computation (TQC).Here the exotic behavior of Fibonacci Superlattice is studied by using analytical transfer matrix methods and hence Fibonacci anyons. This Fibonacci anyons can build a quantum computer which is very emerging and exciting field today’s in Nanophotonics and quantum computation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20computing" title="quantum computing">quantum computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quasicrystals" title=" quasicrystals"> quasicrystals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Multiple%20Quantum%20wells%20%28MQWs%29" title=" Multiple Quantum wells (MQWs)"> Multiple Quantum wells (MQWs)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfer%20matrix%20method" title=" transfer matrix method"> transfer matrix method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibonacci%20anyons" title=" fibonacci anyons"> fibonacci anyons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantum%20hall%20effect" title=" quantum hall effect"> quantum hall effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanophotonics" title=" nanophotonics"> nanophotonics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41369/aperiodic-and-asymmetric-fibonacci-quasicrystals-next-big-future-in-quantum-computation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41369.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Impact of Urbanization on the Performance of Higher Education Institutions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandan%20Jha">Chandan Jha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amit%20Sachan"> Amit Sachan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arnab%20Adhikari"> Arnab Adhikari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sayantan%20Kundu"> Sayantan Kundu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) of India and examine the impact of urbanization on the performance of HEIs. In this study, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) has been used, and the authors have collected the required data related to performance measures from the National Institutional Ranking Framework web portal. In this study, the authors have evaluated the performance of HEIs by using two different DEA models. In the first model, geographic locations of the institutes have been categorized into two categories, i.e., Urban Vs. Non-Urban. However, in the second model, these geographic locations have been classified into three categories, i.e., Urban, Semi-Urban, Non-Urban. The findings of this study provide several insights related to the degree of urbanization and the performance of HEIs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEA" title="DEA">DEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title=" higher education"> higher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20evaluation" title=" performance evaluation"> performance evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urbanization" title=" urbanization"> urbanization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120160/impact-of-urbanization-on-the-performance-of-higher-education-institutions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/120160.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">215</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Synthesis and Characterization of Zr and V Co-Doped BaTiO₃ Ceramic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kanta%20Maan%20Sangwan">Kanta Maan Sangwan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neetu%20Ahlawat"> Neetu Ahlawat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajender%20Singh%20Kundu"> Rajender Singh Kundu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> BaZrTiO3 ceramics having high dielectric constant and low dielectric loss are interesting material for being used as commercial capacitor applications. BZT (BaZrTiO3) has attracted attentions for their many applications for the microwave technology as the doping of Zr4+ on Ti4+ has advantage to the stability of the system. In the present work, co-doping of Zr and V with BaTiO3 ceramics was synthesized by the conventional solid state reaction technique and sintered at 1200 K for 6 hours, and their structural and ferroelectric properties were studied. The XRD (x-ray diffraction) pattern of BZT (BaZrTiO3) ceramics shows that the crystalline sample is single phase tetragonal structure with P4mm space group. The result revealed that Zr ion enters the unit cell maintaining the perovskite structure of BZT ceramics and the impedance spectroscopy of the sample performed in selected frequency and temperature range. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ferroelectric" title="ferroelectric">ferroelectric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impedance%20spectroscopy" title=" impedance spectroscopy"> impedance spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=space%20group" title=" space group"> space group</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tetragonal" title=" tetragonal"> tetragonal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79091/synthesis-and-characterization-of-zr-and-v-co-doped-batio3-ceramic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79091.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> Augmented Reality Sandbox and Constructivist Approach for Geoscience Teaching and Learning </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Nawaz">Muhammad Nawaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandeep%20N.%20Kundu"> Sandeep N. Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farha%20Sattar"> Farha Sattar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Augmented reality sandbox adds new dimensions to education and learning process. It can be a core component of geoscience teaching and learning to understand the geographic contexts and landform processes. Augmented reality sandbox is a useful tool not only to create an interactive learning environment through spatial visualization but also it can provide an active learning experience to students and enhances the cognition process of learning. Augmented reality sandbox can be used as an interactive learning tool to teach geomorphic and landform processes. This article explains the augmented reality sandbox and the constructivism approach for geoscience teaching and learning, and endeavours to explore the ways to teach the geographic processes using the three-dimensional digital environment for the deep learning of the geoscience concepts interactively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=augmented%20reality%20sandbox" title="augmented reality sandbox">augmented reality sandbox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constructivism" title=" constructivism"> constructivism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geoscience" title=" geoscience"> geoscience</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69803/augmented-reality-sandbox-and-constructivist-approach-for-geoscience-teaching-and-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69803.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> On Generalized Cumulative Past Inaccuracy Measure for Marginal and Conditional Lifetimes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amit%20Ghosh">Amit Ghosh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chanchal%20Kundu"> Chanchal Kundu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, the notion of past cumulative inaccuracy (CPI) measure has been proposed in the literature as a generalization of cumulative past entropy (CPE) in univariate as well as bivariate setup. In this paper, we introduce the notion of CPI of order α (alpha) and study the proposed measure for conditionally specified models of two components failed at different time instants called generalized conditional CPI (GCCPI). We provide some bounds using usual stochastic order and investigate several properties of GCCPI. The effect of monotone transformation on this proposed measure has also been examined. Furthermore, we characterize some bivariate distributions under the assumption of conditional proportional reversed hazard rate model. Moreover, the role of GCCPI in reliability modeling has also been investigated for a real-life problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cumulative%20past%20inaccuracy" title="cumulative past inaccuracy">cumulative past inaccuracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marginal%20and%20conditional%20past%20lifetimes" title=" marginal and conditional past lifetimes"> marginal and conditional past lifetimes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conditional%20proportional%20reversed%20hazard%20rate%20model" title=" conditional proportional reversed hazard rate model"> conditional proportional reversed hazard rate model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usual%20stochastic%20order" title=" usual stochastic order"> usual stochastic order</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79608/on-generalized-cumulative-past-inaccuracy-measure-for-marginal-and-conditional-lifetimes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79608.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">26</span> Enhancing the Efficiency of Organic Solar Cells Using Metallic Nanoparticles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sankara%20Rao%20Gollu">Sankara Rao Gollu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramakant%20Sharma"> Ramakant Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Srinivas"> G. Srinivas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Souvik%20Kundu"> Souvik Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dipti%20Gupta"> Dipti Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, bulk heterojunction organic solar cells (BHJ OSCs) based on polymer–fullerene attracted a large research attention due to their numerous advantages such as light weight, easy processability, eco-friendly, low-cost, and capability for large area roll-to-roll manufacturing. BHJ OSCs usually suffer from insufficient light absorption due to restriction on keeping thin ( < 150 nm) photoactive layer because of small exciton diffusion length ( ~ 10 nm) and low charge carrier mobilities. It is thus highly desirable that light absorption as well as charge transport properties are enhanced by alternative methods so as to improve the device efficiency. In this work, therefore, we have focused on the strategy of incorporating metallic nanostructures in the active layer or charge transport layer to enhance the absorption and improve the charge transport. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organic%20solar%20cell" title="organic solar cell">organic solar cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bulk%20heterojunction" title=" bulk heterojunction"> bulk heterojunction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymer-fullerene" title=" polymer-fullerene"> polymer-fullerene</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43900/enhancing-the-efficiency-of-organic-solar-cells-using-metallic-nanoparticles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43900.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">25</span> Tuberculous Osteomyelitis Mimicking Tumours and Tumour-Like Lesions of Bone: Clinico-Radiologic Study of 22 Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parveen%20Kundu">Parveen Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zile%20Singh"> Zile Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kunika%20Kundu"> Kunika Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swaran%20Kaur"> Swaran Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context: Tuberculous osteomyelitis is a relatively uncommon condition that can present with various clinical and radiological features, often mimicking bone tumors or tumor-like lesions. In endemic countries like India, tuberculosis should be considered as a potential differential diagnosis for lytic bone lesions. This study aimed to highlight the different presentations of tuberculosis that can mimic tumors or tumor-like lesions in bone and emphasize the successful outcome of antitubercular therapy (ATT) in treating these cases. Research Aim: The main objective of this research was to explore the varied presentations of tuberculosis that mimic bone tumors or tumor-like lesions both clinically and radiologically, focusing on different bones. The study aimed to raise awareness among clinicians about this possibility and highlight the importance of histopathological confirmation before initiating treatment for lytic bone lesions. Methodology: This study utilized a retrospective review of 22 patients with suspected lytic bone lesions, who were subsequently diagnosed with tuberculous osteomyelitis through histopathological examination. The cases were collected over a period of ten years. Eleven cases required curettage for extensive lesions with sequestrations, while all 22 patients received 12 months of antitubercular therapy. Findings: The study included 14 male and 8 female patients, ranging in age from 3 to 61 years, with an average age of 22.05. The clinical and radiological presentations varied, with examples including bone cysts in the metaphyseal area of long bones, lesions resembling chondroblastomas, giant cell tumors, and osteoid osteoma, as well as multifocal lytic lesions resembling metastasis or multiple myeloma. One patient had lesions in both the clavicle and hand. Lesions mimicking chondromas were also observed in the phalanges of the hand and foot metatarsal. All patients showed resolution of the lesions and no residual disability following ATT. Theoretical Importance: This study highlights the importance of considering tuberculosis as a potential differential diagnosis for lytic bone lesions, particularly in endemic regions. It emphasizes the need for histopathological confirmation to accurately diagnose tuberculous osteomyelitis, as this is considered the gold standard. Data Collection and Analysis Procedures: Data for this study were collected retrospectively from medical records and radiological images of the 22 patients. The cases were analyzed based on clinical presentation, radiological findings, and histopathological confirmation. The outcomes of antitubercular therapy were also assessed. The data were summarized and presented descriptively. Question Addressed: This study aimed to address the question of how tuberculosis can mimic different bone tumors and tumor-like lesions clinically and radiologically. It also aimed to assess the successful outcome of antitubercular therapy in treating these cases. Conclusion: Tuberculous osteomyelitis can present with varied clinical and radiological features, often mimicking bone tumors or tumor-like lesions. Clinicians should consider tuberculosis as a potential diagnosis for lytic bone lesions, especially in endemic areas. Histopathological confirmation is essential for accurate diagnosis. Antitubercular therapy is an effective treatment for tuberculous osteomyelitis, leading to the resolution of the lesions with no residual disability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tuberculosis" title="tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumor" title=" tumor"> tumor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curettage" title=" curettage"> curettage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone" title=" bone"> bone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169476/tuberculous-osteomyelitis-mimicking-tumours-and-tumour-like-lesions-of-bone-clinico-radiologic-study-of-22-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169476.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">91</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Amelioration of Arsenic and Mercury Induced Vasoconstriction by Eugenol, Linalool and Carvone </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swati%20Kundu">Swati Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seemi%20Farhat%20Basir"> Seemi Farhat Basir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luqman%20A.%20Khan"> Luqman A. Khan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Acute and chronic exposure to arsenic and mercury is known to produce vasoconstriction. Pathways involved in this hypercontraction and their relative contribution are not understood. In this study, we measure agonist-induced contraction of isolated rat aorta exposed to arsenic and mercury aorta and delineate pathways mediating this effect. PE-induced hypercontraction of 37% and 32% was obtained with 25 µM As(III) and 6 nM Hg(II), respectively. Isometric contraction measurements in the presence of apocynin, verapamil and sodium nitroprusside indicates that the major cause of increased contraction is reactive oxygen species and depletion of nitric oxide. Calcium influx plays a minor role in both arsenic and mercury caused hypercontraction. In the unexposed aorta, eugenol causes relaxation by inhibiting ROS and elevating NO, linalool by blocking voltage dependent calcium channel (VDCC) and elevating NO, and carvone by blocking calcium influx through VDDC. Since arsenic and mercury caused hypercontraction is mediated by increased ROS and depletion of nitric oxide, we hypothesize that molecules which neutralize ROS or elevate NO will be better ameliorators. In line with this argument, we find eugenol to be the best ameliorator of arsenic and mercury hypercontraction followed by linalool and carvone. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carvone" title="carvone">carvone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eugenol" title=" eugenol"> eugenol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linalool" title=" linalool"> linalool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mercury" title=" mercury"> mercury</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37358/amelioration-of-arsenic-and-mercury-induced-vasoconstriction-by-eugenol-linalool-and-carvone" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37358.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Lean Thinking and E-Commerce as New Opportunities to Improve Partnership in Supply Chain of Construction Industries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaustav%20Kundu">Kaustav Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alberto%20Portioli%20Staudacher"> Alberto Portioli Staudacher</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Construction industry plays a vital role in the economy of the world. But due to high uncertainty and variability in the industry, its performance is not as efficient in terms of quality, lead times, productivity and costs as of other industries. Moreover, there are continuous conflicts among the different actors in the construction supply chains in terms of profit sharing. Previous studies suggested partnership as an important approach to promote cooperation among the different actors in the construction supply chains and thereby it improves the overall performance. Construction practitioners tried to focus on partnership which can enhance the performance of construction supply chains but they are not fully aware of different approaches and techniques for improving partnership. In this research, a systematic review on partnership in relation to construction supply chains is carried out to understand different elements influencing the partnership. The research development of this domain is analyzed by reviewing selected articles published from 1996 to 2015. Based on the papers, three major elements influencing partnership in construction supply chains are identified: “Lean approach”, “Relationship building” and “E-commerce applications”. This study analyses the contributions in the areas within each element and provides suggestions for future developments of partnership in construction supply chains. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partnership" title="partnership">partnership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction" title=" construction"> construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lean" title=" lean"> lean</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SCM" title=" SCM"> SCM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20management" title=" supply chain management"> supply chain management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32251/lean-thinking-and-e-commerce-as-new-opportunities-to-improve-partnership-in-supply-chain-of-construction-industries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32251.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">434</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> A Bivariate Inverse Generalized Exponential Distribution and Its Applications in Dependent Competing Risks Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatemah%20A.%20Alqallaf">Fatemah A. Alqallaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debasis%20Kundu"> Debasis Kundu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this paper is to introduce a bivariate inverse generalized exponential distribution which has a singular component. The proposed bivariate distribution can be used when the marginals have heavy-tailed distributions, and they have non-monotone hazard functions. Due to the presence of the singular component, it can be used quite effectively when there are ties in the data. Since it has four parameters, it is a very flexible bivariate distribution, and it can be used quite effectively for analyzing various bivariate data sets. Several dependency properties and dependency measures have been obtained. The maximum likelihood estimators cannot be obtained in closed form, and it involves solving a four-dimensional optimization problem. To avoid that, we have proposed to use an EM algorithm, and it involves solving only one non-linear equation at each `E'-step. Hence, the implementation of the proposed EM algorithm is very straight forward in practice. Extensive simulation experiments and the analysis of one data set have been performed. We have observed that the proposed bivariate inverse generalized exponential distribution can be used for modeling dependent competing risks data. One data set has been analyzed to show the effectiveness of the proposed model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Block%20and%20Basu%20bivariate%20distributions" title="Block and Basu bivariate distributions">Block and Basu bivariate distributions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competing%20risks" title=" competing risks"> competing risks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EM%20algorithm" title=" EM algorithm"> EM algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marshall-Olkin%20bivariate%20exponential%20distribution" title=" Marshall-Olkin bivariate exponential distribution"> Marshall-Olkin bivariate exponential distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20likelihood%20estimators" title=" maximum likelihood estimators"> maximum likelihood estimators</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122524/a-bivariate-inverse-generalized-exponential-distribution-and-its-applications-in-dependent-competing-risks-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Inference for Compound Truncated Poisson Lognormal Model with Application to Maximum Precipitation Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Z.%20Raqab">M. Z. Raqab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debasis%20Kundu"> Debasis Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Meraou"> M. A. Meraou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we have analyzed maximum precipitation data during a particular period of time obtained from different stations in the Global Historical Climatological Network of the USA. One important point to mention is that some stations are shut down on certain days for some reason or the other. Hence, the maximum values are recorded by excluding those readings. It is assumed that the number of stations that operate follows zero-truncated Poisson random variables, and the daily precipitation follows a lognormal random variable. We call this model a compound truncated Poisson lognormal model. The proposed model has three unknown parameters, and it can take a variety of shapes. The maximum likelihood estimators can be obtained quite conveniently using Expectation-Maximization (EM) algorithm. Approximate maximum likelihood estimators are also derived. The associated confidence intervals also can be obtained from the observed Fisher information matrix. Simulation results have been performed to check the performance of the EM algorithm, and it is observed that the EM algorithm works quite well in this case. When we analyze the precipitation data set using the proposed model, it is observed that the proposed model provides a better fit than some of the existing models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compound%20Poisson%20lognormal%20distribution" title="compound Poisson lognormal distribution">compound Poisson lognormal distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EM%20algorithm" title=" EM algorithm"> EM algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maximum%20likelihood%20estimation" title=" maximum likelihood estimation"> maximum likelihood estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=approximate%20maximum%20likelihood%20estimation" title=" approximate maximum likelihood estimation"> approximate maximum likelihood estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fisher%20information" title=" Fisher information"> Fisher information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skew%20distribution" title=" skew distribution"> skew distribution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156020/inference-for-compound-truncated-poisson-lognormal-model-with-application-to-maximum-precipitation-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/156020.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> Computation of Flood and Drought Years over the North-West Himalayan Region Using Indian Meteorological Department Rainfall Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudip%20Kumar%20Kundu">Sudip Kumar Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charu%20Singh"> Charu Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The climatic condition over Indian region is highly dependent on monsoon. India receives maximum amount of rainfall during southwest monsoon. Indian economy is highly dependent on agriculture. The presence of flood and drought years influenced the total cultivation system as well as the economy of the country as Indian agricultural systems is still highly dependent on the monsoon rainfall. The present study has been planned to investigate the flood and drought years for the north-west Himalayan region from 1951 to 2014 by using area average Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) rainfall data. For this investigation the Normalized index (NI) has been utilized to find out whether the particular year is drought or flood. The data have been extracted for the north-west Himalayan (NWH) region states namely Uttarakhand (UK), Himachal Pradesh (HP) and Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) to find out the rainy season average rainfall for each year, climatological mean and the standard deviation. After calculation it has been plotted by the diagrams (or graphs) to show the results- some of the years associated with drought years, some are flood years and rest are neutral. The flood and drought years can also relate with the large-scale phenomena El-Nino and La-Lina. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IMD" title="IMD">IMD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainfall" title=" rainfall"> rainfall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20index" title=" normalized index"> normalized index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood" title=" flood"> flood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drought" title=" drought"> drought</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NWH" title=" NWH"> NWH</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88591/computation-of-flood-and-drought-years-over-the-north-west-himalayan-region-using-indian-meteorological-department-rainfall-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88591.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Wearable Antenna for Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease Using a Deep Learning Pipeline on Accelerated Hardware</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subham%20Ghosh">Subham Ghosh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Banani%20Basu"> Banani Basu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marami%20Das"> Marami Das</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The development of compact, low-power antenna sensors has resulted in hardware restructuring, allowing for wireless ubiquitous sensing. The antenna sensors can create wireless body-area networks (WBAN) by linking various wireless nodes across the human body. WBAN and IoT applications, such as remote health and fitness monitoring and rehabilitation, are becoming increasingly important. In particular, Parkinson’s disease (PD), a common neurodegenerative disorder, presents clinical features that can be easily misdiagnosed. As a mobility disease, it may greatly benefit from the antenna’s nearfield approach with a variety of activities that can use WBAN and IoT technologies to increase diagnosis accuracy and patient monitoring. Methodology: This study investigates the feasibility of leveraging a single patch antenna mounted (using cloth) on the wrist dorsal to differentiate actual Parkinson's disease (PD) from false PD using a small hardware platform. The semi-flexible antenna operates at the 2.4 GHz ISM band and collects reflection coefficient (Γ) data from patients performing five exercises designed for the classification of PD and other disorders such as essential tremor (ET) or those physiological disorders caused by anxiety or stress. The obtained data is normalized and converted into 2-D representations using the Gabor wavelet transform (GWT). Data augmentation is then used to expand the dataset size. A lightweight deep-learning (DL) model is developed to run on the GPU-enabled NVIDIA Jetson Nano platform. The DL model processes the 2-D images for feature extraction and classification. Findings: The DL model was trained and tested on both the original and augmented datasets, thus doubling the dataset size. To ensure robustness, a 5-fold stratified cross-validation (5-FSCV) method was used. The proposed framework, utilizing a DL model with 1.356 million parameters on the NVIDIA Jetson Nano, achieved optimal performance in terms of accuracy of 88.64%, F1-score of 88.54, and recall of 90.46%, with a latency of 33 seconds per epoch. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antenna" title="antenna">antenna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep-learning" title=" deep-learning"> deep-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPU-hardware" title=" GPU-hardware"> GPU-hardware</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parkinson%E2%80%99s%20disease" title=" Parkinson’s disease"> Parkinson’s disease</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194610/wearable-antenna-for-diagnosis-of-parkinsons-disease-using-a-deep-learning-pipeline-on-accelerated-hardware" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194610.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">7</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> Incorporation of Copper for Performance Enhancement in Metal-Oxides Resistive Switching Device and Its Potential Electronic Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Pavan%20Kumar%20Reddy">B. Pavan Kumar Reddy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Michael%20Preetam%20Raj"> P. Michael Preetam Raj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Souri%20Banerjee"> Souri Banerjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Souvik%20Kundu"> Souvik Kundu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, the fabrication and characterization of copper-doped zinc oxide (Cu:ZnO) based memristor devices with aluminum (Al) and indium tin oxide (ITO) metal electrodes are reported. The thin films of Cu:ZnO was synthesized using low-cost and low-temperature chemical process. The Cu:ZnO was then deposited onto ITO bottom electrodes using spin-coater technique, whereas the top electrode Al was deposited utilizing physical vapor evaporation technique. Ellipsometer was employed in order to measure the Cu:ZnO thickness and it was found to be 50 nm. Several surface and materials characterization techniques were used to study the thin-film properties of Cu:ZnO. To ascertain the efficacy of Cu:ZnO for memristor applications, electrical characterizations such as current-voltage (I-V), data retention and endurance were obtained, all being the critical parameters for next-generation memory. The I-V characteristic exhibits switching behavior with asymmetrical hysteresis loops. This work imputes the resistance switching to the positional drift of oxygen vacancies associated with respect to the Al/Cu:ZnO junction. Further, a non-linear curve fitting regression techniques were utilized to determine the equivalent circuit for the fabricated Cu:ZnO memristors. Efforts were also devoted in order to establish its potentiality for different electronic applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=copper%20doped" title="copper doped">copper doped</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metal-oxides" title=" metal-oxides"> metal-oxides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen%20vacancies" title=" oxygen vacancies"> oxygen vacancies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistive%20switching" title=" resistive switching"> resistive switching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89280/incorporation-of-copper-for-performance-enhancement-in-metal-oxides-resistive-switching-device-and-its-potential-electronic-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89280.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> Mature Cystic Teratomas of Ovary: A Series of 19 Cases with Rare Malignant Transformation in Three</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parveen%20Kundu">Parveen Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nitika%20Chawla"> Nitika Chawla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ruchi%20Agarwal"> Ruchi Agarwal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swaran%20Kaur"> Swaran Kaur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Mature cystic teratoma is a benign, most common tumor of the ovary occurring mostly in young and middle-aged females. This study consists of 19 cases of mature cystic teratomas which were received in the Department Of Pathology over a period of two years. There were malignant transformations observed in three cases, which makes it very important for pathologists to thoroughly examine the entire specimen of mature cystic teratomas. Material and Methods: Nineteen reported cases of mature cystic teratomas were received in Deptt. Of Pathology, BPS GMC Khanpur Kalan, Sonepat, over a two-year period from November 2020 to October 2022 and reviewed retrospectively. Data regarding age, size, laterality, gross, morphological features, and surgery performed were retrieved from pathological archives. Results: In our study, the most common age of presentation was the 20-40 year age group. The most common presenting complaint was fullness in the abdomen or abdominal distension. Four out of 19 cases studied cases presented with bilateral ovarian cysts. Tumor size ranged from 6 to 20 cm in diameter. In seven cases, cysts were greater than or equal to 10 cm in diameter. Three cases showed malignant transformation. Conclusion: It is very important to thoroughly examine the contralateral ovary to rule out bilateral presentation. A furthermost thorough examination is advised in tumors of size >10 cm and in tumors with solid areas to rule out any malignant transformation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teratoma" title="teratoma">teratoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovary" title=" ovary"> ovary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malignant" title=" malignant"> malignant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformation" title=" transformation"> transformation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169478/mature-cystic-teratomas-of-ovary-a-series-of-19-cases-with-rare-malignant-transformation-in-three" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169478.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> The Impact of Land Cover Change on Stream Discharges and Water Resources in Luvuvhu River Catchment, Vhembe District, Limpopo Province, South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20M.%20Kundu">P. M. Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20R.%20Singo"> L. R. Singo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20O.%20Odiyo"> J. O. Odiyo </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Luvuvhu River catchment in South Africa experiences floods resulting from heavy rainfall of intensities exceeding 15 mm per hour associated with the Inter-tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). The generation of runoff is triggered by the rainfall intensity and soil moisture status. In this study, remote sensing and GIS techniques were used to analyze the hydrologic response to land cover changes. Runoff was calculated as a product of the net precipitation and a curve number coefficient. It was then routed using the Muskingum-Cunge method using a diffusive wave transfer model that enabled the calculation of response functions between start and end point. Flood frequency analysis was determined using theoretical probability distributions. Spatial data on land cover was obtained from multi-temporal Landsat images while data on rainfall, soil type, runoff and stream discharges was obtained by direct measurements in the field and from the Department of Water. A digital elevation model was generated from contour maps available at http://www.ngi.gov.za. The results showed that land cover changes had impacted negatively to the hydrology of the catchment. Peak discharges in the whole catchment were noted to have increased by at least 17% over the period while flood volumes were noted to have increased by at least 11% over the same period. The flood time to peak indicated a decreasing trend, in the range of 0.5 to 1 hour within the years. The synergism between remotely sensed digital data and GIS for land surface analysis and modeling was realized, and it was therefore concluded that hydrologic modeling has potential for determining the influence of changes in land cover on the hydrologic response of the catchment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catchment" title="catchment">catchment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20elevation%20model" title=" digital elevation model"> digital elevation model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrological%20model" title=" hydrological model"> hydrological model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=routing" title=" routing"> routing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=runoff" title=" runoff"> runoff</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23083/the-impact-of-land-cover-change-on-stream-discharges-and-water-resources-in-luvuvhu-river-catchment-vhembe-district-limpopo-province-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23083.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">566</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Oxide Based Memristor and Its Potential Application in Analog-Digital Electronics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Michael%20Preetam%20Raj">P. Michael Preetam Raj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Souri%20Banerjee"> Souri Banerjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Souvik%20Kundu"> Souvik Kundu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oxide based memristors were fabricated in order to establish its potential applications in analog/digital electronics. BaTiO₃-BiFeO₃ (BT-BFO) was employed as an active material, whereas platinum (Pt) and Nb-doped SrTiO₃ (Nb:STO) were served as a top and bottom electrodes, respectively. Piezoelectric force microscopy (PFM) was utilized to present the ferroelectricity and repeatable polarization inversion in the BT-BFO, demonstrating its effectiveness for resistive switching. The fabricated memristors exhibited excellent electrical characteristics, such as hysteresis current-voltage (I-V), high on/off ratio, high retention time, cyclic endurance, and low operating voltages. The band-alignment between the active material BT-BFO and the substrate Nb:STO was experimentally investigated using X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and it attributed to staggered heterojunction alignment. An energy band diagram was proposed in order to understand the electrical transport in BT-BFO/Nb:STO heterojunction. It was identified that the I-V curves of these memristors have several discontinuities. Curve fitting technique was utilized to analyse the I-V characteristic, and the obtained I-V equations were found to be parabolic. Utilizing this analysis, a non-linear BT-BFO memristors equivalent circuit model was developed. Interestingly, the obtained equivalent circuit of the BT-BFO memristors mimics the identical electrical performance, those obtained in the fabricated devices. Based on the developed equivalent circuit, a finite state machine (FSM) design was proposed. Efforts were devoted to fabricate the same FSM, and the results were well matched with those in the simulated FSM devices. Its multilevel noise filtering and immunity to external noise characteristics were also studied. Further, the feature of variable negative resistance was established by controlling the current through the memristor. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=band%20alignment" title="band alignment">band alignment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=finite%20state%20machine" title=" finite state machine"> finite state machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polarization%20inversion" title=" polarization inversion"> polarization inversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistive%20switching" title=" resistive switching"> resistive switching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89283/oxide-based-memristor-and-its-potential-application-in-analog-digital-electronics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89283.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">133</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Achieving Process Stability through Automation and Process Optimization at H Blast Furnace Tata Steel, Jamshedpur</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krishnendu%20Mukhopadhyay">Krishnendu Mukhopadhyay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subhashis%20Kundu"> Subhashis Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mayank%20Tiwari"> Mayank Tiwari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sameeran%20Pani"> Sameeran Pani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Padmapal"> Padmapal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uttam%20Singh"> Uttam Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Blast Furnace is a counter current process where burden descends from top and hot gases ascend from bottom and chemically reduce iron oxides into liquid hot metal. One of the major problems of blast furnace operation is the erratic burden descent inside furnace. Sometimes this problem is so acute that burden descent stops resulting in Hanging and instability of the furnace. This problem is very frequent in blast furnaces worldwide and results in huge production losses. This situation becomes more adverse when blast furnaces are operated at low coke rate and high coal injection rate with adverse raw materials like high alumina ore and high coke ash. For last three years, H-Blast Furnace Tata Steel was able to reduce coke rate from 450 kg/thm to 350 kg/thm with an increase in coal injection to 200 kg/thm which are close to world benchmarks and expand profitability. To sustain this regime, elimination of irregularities of blast furnace like hanging, channeling, and scaffolding is very essential. In this paper, sustaining of zero hanging spell for consecutive three years with low coke rate operation by improvement in burden characteristics, burden distribution, changes in slag regime, casting practices and adequate automation of the furnace operation has been illustrated. Models have been created to comprehend and upgrade the blast furnace process understanding. A model has been developed to predict the process of maintaining slag viscosity in desired range to attain proper burden permeability. A channeling prediction model has also been developed to understand channeling symptoms so that early actions can be initiated. The models have helped to a great extent in standardizing the control decisions of operators at H-Blast Furnace of Tata Steel, Jamshedpur and thus achieving process stability for last three years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hanging" title="hanging">hanging</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=channelling" title=" channelling"> channelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blast%20furnace" title=" blast furnace"> blast furnace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coke" title=" coke"> coke</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74931/achieving-process-stability-through-automation-and-process-optimization-at-h-blast-furnace-tata-steel-jamshedpur" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74931.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> A Comparative Study of Regional Climate Models and Global Coupled Models over Uttarakhand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sudip%20Kumar%20Kundu">Sudip Kumar Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Charu%20Singh"> Charu Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As a great physiographic divide, the Himalayas affecting a large system of water and air circulation which helps to determine the climatic condition in the Indian subcontinent to the south and mid-Asian highlands to the north. It creates obstacles by defending chill continental air from north side into India in winter and also defends rain-bearing southwesterly monsoon to give up maximum precipitation in that area in monsoon season. Nowadays extreme weather conditions such as heavy precipitation, cloudburst, flash flood, landslide and extreme avalanches are the regular happening incidents in the region of North Western Himalayan (NWH). The present study has been planned to investigate the suitable model(s) to find out the rainfall pattern over that region. For this investigation, selected models from Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiment (CORDEX) and Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) has been utilized in a consistent framework for the period of 1976 to 2000 (historical). The ability of these driving models from CORDEX domain and CMIP5 has been examined according to their capability of the spatial distribution as well as time series plot of rainfall over NWH in the rainy season and compared with the ground-based Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) gridded rainfall data set. It is noted from the analysis that the models like MIROC5 and MPI-ESM-LR from the both CORDEX and CMIP5 provide the best spatial distribution of rainfall over NWH region. But the driving models from CORDEX underestimates the daily rainfall amount as compared to CMIP5 driving models as it is unable to capture daily rainfall data properly when it has been plotted for time series (TS) individually for the state of Uttarakhand (UK) and Himachal Pradesh (HP). So finally it can be said that the driving models from CMIP5 are better than CORDEX domain models to investigate the rainfall pattern over NWH region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20warming" title="global warming">global warming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainfall" title=" rainfall"> rainfall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CMIP5" title=" CMIP5"> CMIP5</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CORDEX" title=" CORDEX"> CORDEX</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NWH" title=" NWH"> NWH</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87108/a-comparative-study-of-regional-climate-models-and-global-coupled-models-over-uttarakhand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87108.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> Highly Responsive p-NiO/n-rGO Heterojunction Based Self-Powered UV Photodetectors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Joshna">P. Joshna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Souvik%20Kundu"> Souvik Kundu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Detection of ultraviolet (UV) radiation is very important as it has exhibited a profound influence on humankind and other existences, including military equipment. In this work, a self-powered UV photodetector was reported based on oxides heterojunctions. The thin films of p-type nickel oxide (NiO) and n-type reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were used for the formation of p-n heterojunction. Low-Cost and low-temperature chemical synthesis was utilized to prepare the oxides, and the spin coating technique was employed to deposit those onto indium doped tin oxide (ITO) coated glass substrates. The top electrode platinum was deposited utilizing physical vapor evaporation technique. NiO offers strong UV absorption with high hole mobility, and rGO prevents the recombination rate by separating electrons out from the photogenerated carriers. Several structural characterizations such as x-ray diffraction, atomic force microscope, scanning electron microscope were used to study the materials crystallinity, microstructures, and surface roughness. On one side, the oxides were found to be polycrystalline in nature, and no secondary phases were present. On the other side, surface roughness was found to be low with no pit holes, which depicts the formation of high-quality oxides thin films. Whereas, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was employed to study the chemical compositions and oxidation structures. The electrical characterizations such as current-voltage and current response were also performed on the device to determine the responsivity, detectivity, and external quantum efficiency under dark and UV illumination. This p-n heterojunction device offered faster photoresponse and high on-off ratio under 365 nm UV light illumination of zero bias. The device based on the proposed architecture shows the efficacy of the oxides heterojunction for efficient UV photodetection under zero bias, which opens up a new path towards the development of self-powered photodetector for environment and health monitoring sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20synthesis" title="chemical synthesis">chemical synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxides" title=" oxides"> oxides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photodetectors" title=" photodetectors"> photodetectors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spin%20coating" title=" spin coating"> spin coating</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109531/highly-responsive-p-nion-rgo-heterojunction-based-self-powered-uv-photodetectors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Formulation and Evaluation of Solid Dispersion of an Anti-Epileptic Drug Carbamazepine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sharmin%20Akhter">Sharmin Akhter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Salahuddin"> M. Salahuddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sukalyan%20Kumar%20Kundu"> Sukalyan Kumar Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Fahim%20Kadir"> Mohammad Fahim Kadir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Relatively insoluble candidate drug like carbamazepine (CBZ) often exhibit incomplete or erratic absorption; and hence wide consideration is given to improve aqueous solubility of such compound. Solid dispersions were formulated with an aim of improving aqueous solubility, oral bioavailability and the rate of dissolution of Carbamazepine using different hydrophyllic polymer like Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 6000, Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) 4000, kollidon 30, HPMC 6 cps, poloxamer 407 and povidone k 30. Solid dispersions were prepared with different drug to polymer weight ratio by the solvent evaporation method where methanol was used as solvent. Drug-polymer physical mixtures were also prepared to compare the rate of dissolution. Effects of different polymer were studied for solid dispersion formulation as well as physical mixtures. These formulations were characterized in the solid state by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Solid state characterization indicated CBZ was present as fine particles and entrapped in carrier matrix of PEG 6000 and PVP K30 solid dispersions. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic studies showed the stability of CBZ and absence of well-defined drug-polymer interactions. In contrast to the very slow dissolution rate of pure CBZ, dispersions of drug in polymers considerably improved the dissolution rate. This can be attributed to increased wettability and dispersibility, as well as decreased crystallinity and increase in amorphous fraction of drug. Solid dispersion formulations containing PEG 6000 and Povidone K 30 showed maximum drug release within one hour at the ratio of 1:1:1. Even physical mixtures of CBZ prepared with both carriers also showed better dissolution profiles than those of pure CBZ. In conclusions, solid dispersions could be a promising delivery of CBZ with improved oral bioavailability and immediate release profiles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbamazepine" title="carbamazepine">carbamazepine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FTIR" title=" FTIR"> FTIR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kollidon%2030" title=" kollidon 30"> kollidon 30</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HPMC%206%20CPS" title=" HPMC 6 CPS"> HPMC 6 CPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PEG%206000" title=" PEG 6000"> PEG 6000</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PEG%204000" title=" PEG 4000"> PEG 4000</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poloxamer%20407" title=" poloxamer 407"> poloxamer 407</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20solubility" title=" water solubility"> water solubility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=povidone%20k%2030" title=" povidone k 30"> povidone k 30</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20dispersion" title=" solid dispersion "> solid dispersion </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58552/formulation-and-evaluation-of-solid-dispersion-of-an-anti-epileptic-drug-carbamazepine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">297</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Effect of Crystallographic Characteristics on Toughness of Coarse Grain Heat Affected Zone for Different Heat Inputs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trishita%20Ray">Trishita Ray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashok%20Perka"> Ashok Perka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arnab%20Karani"> Arnab Karani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Shome"> M. Shome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saurabh%20Kundu"> Saurabh Kundu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Line pipe steels are used for long distance transportation of crude oil and gas under extreme environmental conditions. Welding is necessary to lay large scale pipelines. Coarse Grain Heat Affected Zone (CGHAZ) of a welded joint exhibits worst toughness because of excessive grain growth and brittle microstructures like bainite and martensite, leading to early failure. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate microstructures and properties of the CGHAZ for different welding heat inputs. In the present study, CGHAZ for two heat inputs of 10 kJ/cm and 50 kJ/cm were simulated in Gleeble 3800, and the microstructures were investigated in detail by means of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Electron Backscattered Diffraction (EBSD). Charpy Impact Tests were also done to evaluate the impact properties. High heat input was characterized with very low toughness and massive prior austenite grains. With the crystallographic information from EBSD, the area of a single prior austenite grain was traced out for both the welding conditions. Analysis of the prior austenite grains showed the formation of high angle boundaries between the crystallographic packets. Effect of these packet boundaries on secondary cleavage crack propagation was discussed. It was observed that in the low heat input condition, formation of finer packets with a criss-cross morphology inside prior austenite grains was effective in crack arrest whereas, in the high heat input condition, formation of larger packets with higher volume of low angle boundaries failed to resist crack propagation resulting in a brittle fracture. Thus, the characteristics in a crystallographic packet and impact properties are related and should be controlled to obtain optimum properties. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coarse%20grain%20heat%20affected%20zone" title="coarse grain heat affected zone">coarse grain heat affected zone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystallographic%20packet" title=" crystallographic packet"> crystallographic packet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toughness" title=" toughness"> toughness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=line%20pipe%20steel" title=" line pipe steel"> line pipe steel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72858/effect-of-crystallographic-characteristics-on-toughness-of-coarse-grain-heat-affected-zone-for-different-heat-inputs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72858.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Machine Learning in Agriculture: A Brief Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aishi%20Kundu">Aishi Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elhan%20Raza"> Elhan Raza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> "Necessity is the mother of invention" - Rapid increase in the global human population has directed the agricultural domain toward machine learning. The basic need of human beings is considered to be food which can be satisfied through farming. Farming is one of the major revenue generators for the Indian economy. Agriculture is not only considered a source of employment but also fulfils humans’ basic needs. So, agriculture is considered to be the source of employment and a pillar of the economy in developing countries like India. This paper provides a brief review of the progress made in implementing Machine Learning in the agricultural sector. Accurate predictions are necessary at the right time to boost production and to aid the timely and systematic distribution of agricultural commodities to make their availability in the market faster and more effective. This paper includes a thorough analysis of various machine learning algorithms applied in different aspects of agriculture (crop management, soil management, water management, yield tracking, livestock management, etc.).Due to climate changes, crop production is affected. Machine learning can analyse the changing patterns and come up with a suitable approach to minimize loss and maximize yield. Machine Learning algorithms/ models (regression, support vector machines, bayesian models, artificial neural networks, decision trees, etc.) are used in smart agriculture to analyze and predict specific outcomes which can be vital in increasing the productivity of the Agricultural Food Industry. It is to demonstrate vividly agricultural works under machine learning to sensor data. Machine Learning is the ongoing technology benefitting farmers to improve gains in agriculture and minimize losses. This paper discusses how the irrigation and farming management systems evolve in real-time efficiently. Artificial Intelligence (AI) enabled programs to emerge with rich apprehension for the support of farmers with an immense examination of data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20Learning" title="machine Learning">machine Learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title=" artificial intelligence"> artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20management" title=" crop management"> crop management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precision%20farming" title=" precision farming"> precision farming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20farming" title=" smart farming"> smart farming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-harvesting" title=" pre-harvesting"> pre-harvesting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=harvesting" title=" harvesting"> harvesting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-harvesting" title=" post-harvesting"> post-harvesting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155405/machine-learning-in-agriculture-a-brief-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155405.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">105</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Adsorptive Removal of Methylene Blue Dye from Aqueous Solutions by Leaf and Stem Biochar Derived from Lantana camara: Adsorption Kinetics, Equilibrium, Thermodynamics and Possible Mechanism</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Deepa%20Kundu">Deepa Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Prabhakar%20Sharma"> Prabhakar Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sayan%20Bhattacharya"> Sayan Bhattacharya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jianying%20Shang"> Jianying Shang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The discharge of dye-containing effluents in the water bodies has raised concern due to the potential hazards related to their toxicity in the environment. There are various treatment technologies available for the removal of dyes from wastewaters. The use of biosorbent to remove dyes from wastewater is one of the effective and inexpensive techniques. In the study, the adsorption of phenothiazine dye methylene blue onto biosorbent prepared from Lantana camara L. has been studied in aqueous solutions. The batch adsorption experiments were conducted and the effects of various parameters such as pH (3-12), contact time, adsorbent dose (100-400 mg/L), initial dye concentration (5-20 mg/L), and temperature (303, 313 and 323 K) were investigated. The prepared leaf (BCL600) and shoot (BCS600) biochar of Lantana were characterized using FTIR, SEM, elemental analysis, and zeta potential (pH~7). A comparison between the adsorption potential of both the biosorbent was also evaluated. The results indicated that the amount of methylene blue dye (mg/g) adsorbed onto the surface of biochar was highly dependent on the pH of the dye solutions as it increased with an increase in pH from 3 to 12. It was observed that the dye treated with BCS600 and BCL600 attained an equilibrium within 60 and 100 minutes, respectively. The rate of the adsorption process was determined by performing the Lagergren pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order kinetics. It was found that dye treated with both BCS600 and BCL600 followed pseudo-second-order kinetics implying the multi-step nature of the adsorption process involving external adsorption and diffusion of dye molecules into the interior of the adsorbents. The data obtained from batch experiments were fitted well with Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms (R² > 0.98) to indicate the multilayer adsorption of dye over the biochar surfaces. The thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption process is favourable, spontaneous, and endothermic in nature. Based on the results, the inexpensive and easily available Lantana camara biomass can be used to remove methylene blue dye from wastewater. It can also help in managing the growth of the notorious weed in the environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption%20kinetics" title="adsorption kinetics">adsorption kinetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biochar" title=" biochar"> biochar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lantana%20camara" title=" Lantana camara"> Lantana camara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methylene%20blue%20dye" title=" methylene blue dye"> methylene blue dye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=possible%20mechanism" title=" possible mechanism"> possible mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermodynamics" title=" thermodynamics"> thermodynamics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113191/adsorptive-removal-of-methylene-blue-dye-from-aqueous-solutions-by-leaf-and-stem-biochar-derived-from-lantana-camara-adsorption-kinetics-equilibrium-thermodynamics-and-possible-mechanism" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113191.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Effect of Grain Size and Stress Parameters on Ratcheting Behaviour of Two Different Single Phase FCC Metals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jayanta%20Kumar%20Mahato">Jayanta Kumar Mahato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Partha%20Sarathi%20De"> Partha Sarathi De</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amrita%20Kundu"> Amrita Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20C.%20Chakraborti"> P. C. Chakraborti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ratcheting is one of the most important phenomena to be considered for design and safety assessment of structural components subjected to stress controlled asymmetric cyclic loading in the elasto-plastic domain. In the present study uniaxial ratcheting behavior of commercially pure annealed OFHC copper and aluminium with two different grain sizes has been investigated. Stress-controlled tests have been conducted at various combinations of stress amplitude and mean stress. These stresses were selected in such a way that the ratio of equivalent stress amplitude (σₐeq) to ultimate tensile strength (σUTS) of the selected materials remains constant. It is found that irrespective of grain size the ratcheting fatigue lives decrease with the increase of both stress amplitude and mean stress following power relationships. However, the effect of stress amplitude on ratcheting lives is observed higher as compared to mean stress for both the FCC metals. It is also found that for both FCC metals ratcheting fatigue lives at a constant ratio of equivalent stress amplitude (σ ₐeq) to ultimate tensile strength (σUTS) are more in case fine grain size. So far ratcheting strain rate is concerned, it decreases rapidly within first few cycles and then a steady state is reached. Finally, the ratcheting strain rate increases up to the complete failure of the specimens due to a very large increase of true stress for a substantial reduction in cross-sectional area. The steady state ratcheting strain rate increases with the increase in both stress amplitude and mean stress. Interestingly, a unique perfectly power relationship between steady state ratcheting strain rate and cycles to failure has been found irrespective of stress combination for both FCC metals. Similar to ratcheting strain rate, the strain energy density decreases rapidly within first few cycles followed by steady state and then increases up to a failure of the specimens irrespective of stress combinations for both FCC metals; but strain energy density at steady state decreases with increase in mean stress and increases with the increase of stress amplitude. From the fractography study, it is found that the void density increases with the increase of maximum stress, but the void size and void density are almost same for any combination of stress parameters considering constant maximum stress. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ratcheting%20phenomena" title="ratcheting phenomena">ratcheting phenomena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grain%20size" title=" grain size"> grain size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stress%20parameter" title=" stress parameter"> stress parameter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ratcheting%20lives" title=" ratcheting lives"> ratcheting lives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ratcheting%20strain%20rate" title=" ratcheting strain rate"> ratcheting strain rate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51479/effect-of-grain-size-and-stress-parameters-on-ratcheting-behaviour-of-two-different-single-phase-fcc-metals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51479.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">289</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> An Investigation into Enablers and Barriers of Reverse Technology Transfer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nirmal%20Kundu">Nirmal Kundu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chandan%20Bhar"> Chandan Bhar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Visveswaran%20Pandurangan"> Visveswaran Pandurangan </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Technology is the most valued possession for a country or an organization. The economic development depends not on stock of technology but on the capabilities how the technology is being exploited. The technology transfer is the best way how the developing countries have an access to state-of- the-art technology. Traditional technology transfer is a unidirectional phenomenon where technology is transferred from developed to developing countries. But now there is a change of wind. There is a general agreement that global shift of economic power is under way from west to east. As China and India are making the transition from users to producers, and producers to innovators, this has increasing important implications on economy, technology and policy of global trade. As a result, Reverse technology transfer has become a phenomenon and field of study in technology management. The term “Reverse Technology Transfer” is not well defined. Initially the concept of Reverse technology transfer was associated with the phenomenon of “Brain drain” from developing to developed countries. In the second phase, Reverse Technology Transfer was associated with the transfer of knowledge and technology from subsidiaries to multinationals. Finally, time has come now to extend the concept of reverse technology transfer to two different organizations or countries related or unrelated by traditional technology transfer but the transfer or has essentially received the technology through traditional mode of technology transfer. The objective of this paper is to study; 1) the present status of Reverse technology transfer, 2) the factors which are the enablers and barriers of Reverse technology transfer and 3) how the reverse technology transfer strategy can be integrated in the technology policy of a country which will give the countries an economic boost. The research methodology used in this study is a combination of literature review, case studies and key informant interviews. The literature review includes both published as well as unpublished sources of literature. In case study, attempt has been made to study the records of reverse technology transfer that have been occurred in developing countries. In case of key informant interviews, informal telephonic discussions have been carried out with the key executives of the organizations (industry, university and research institutions) who are actively engaged in the process of technology transfer- traditional as well as reverse. Reverse technology transfer is possible only by creating technological capabilities. Following four important enablers coupled with government active and aggressive action can help to build technology base to reach to the goal of Reverse technology transfer 1) Imitation to innovation, 2) Reverse engineering, 3) Collaborative R & D approach, and 4) Preventing reverse brain drain. The barriers that come in the way are the mindset of over dependence, over subordination and parent–child attitude (not adult attitude). Exploitation of these enablers and overcoming the barriers of reverse technology transfer, the developing countries like India and China can prove that going “reverse” is the best way to move forward and again establish themselves as leader of the future world. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barriers%20of%20reverse%20technology%20transfer" title="barriers of reverse technology transfer">barriers of reverse technology transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=enablers%20of%20reverse%20technology%20transfer" title=" enablers of reverse technology transfer"> enablers of reverse technology transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20transfer" title=" knowledge transfer"> knowledge transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reverse%20technology%20transfer" title=" reverse technology transfer"> reverse technology transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technology%20transfer" title=" technology transfer"> technology transfer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35014/an-investigation-into-enablers-and-barriers-of-reverse-technology-transfer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Mathematical Model to Simulate Liquid Metal and Slag Accumulation, Drainage and Heat Transfer in Blast Furnace Hearth</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hemant%20Upadhyay">Hemant Upadhyay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tarun%20Kumar%20Kundu"> Tarun Kumar Kundu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is utmost important for a blast furnace operator to understand the mechanisms governing the liquid flow, accumulation, drainage and heat transfer between various phases in blast furnace hearth for a stable and efficient blast furnace operation. Abnormal drainage behavior may lead to high liquid build up in the hearth. Operational problems such as pressurization, low wind intake, and lower material descent rates, normally be encountered if the liquid levels in the hearth exceed a critical limit when Hearth coke and Deadman start to float. Similarly, hot metal temperature is an important parameter to be controlled in the BF operation; it should be kept at an optimal level to obtain desired product quality and a stable BF performance. It is not possible to carry out any direct measurement of above due to the hostile conditions in the hearth with chemically aggressive hot liquids. The objective here is to develop a mathematical model to simulate the variation in hot metal / slag accumulation and temperature during the tapping of the blast furnace based on the computed drainage rate, production rate, mass balance, heat transfer between metal and slag, metal and solids, slag and solids as well as among the various zones of metal and slag itself. For modeling purpose, the BF hearth is considered as a pressurized vessel, filled with solid coke particles. Liquids trickle down in hearth from top and accumulate in voids between the coke particles which are assumed thermally saturated. A set of generic mass balance equations gives the amount of metal and slag intake in hearth. A small drainage (tap hole) is situated at the bottom of the hearth and flow rate of liquids from tap hole is computed taking in account the amount of both the phases accumulated their level in hearth, pressure from gases in the furnace and erosion behaviors of tap hole itself. Heat transfer equations provide the exchange of heat between various layers of liquid metal and slag, and heat loss to cooling system through refractories. Based on all that information a dynamic simulation is carried out which provides real time information of liquids accumulation in hearth before and during tapping, drainage rate and its variation, predicts critical event timings during tapping and expected tapping temperature of metal and slag on preset time intervals. The model is in use at JSPL, India BF-II and its output is regularly cross-checked with actual tapping data, which are in good agreement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blast%20furnace" title="blast furnace">blast furnace</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hearth" title=" hearth"> hearth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deadman" title=" deadman"> deadman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hotmetal" title=" hotmetal"> hotmetal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53501/mathematical-model-to-simulate-liquid-metal-and-slag-accumulation-drainage-and-heat-transfer-in-blast-furnace-hearth" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53501.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right 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