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<header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Portale</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ecologia e ambiente</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 15 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Natur_und_Umwelt" title="Portal:Natur und Umwelt - tedesco svizzero" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Portal:Natur und Umwelt" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="tedesco svizzero" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A9:%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%A9" title="بوابة:طبيعة - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوابة:طبيعة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:%C5%BDivotn%C3%AD_prost%C5%99ed%C3%AD" title="Portál:Životní prostředí - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Portál:Životní prostředí" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17580674 badge-featuredportal mw-list-item" title="portale in vetrina"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Umwelt-_und_Naturschutz" title="Portal:Umwelt- und Naturschutz - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Portal:Umwelt- und Naturschutz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Environment" title="Portal:Environment - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Portal:Environment" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teemasivu:Ymp%C3%A4rist%C3%B6nsuojelu" title="Teemasivu:Ympäristönsuojelu - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Teemasivu:Ympäristönsuojelu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portail:Environnement" title="Portail:Environnement - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Portail:Environnement" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Lingkungan" title="Portal:Lingkungan - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Portal:Lingkungan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83" title="Portal:環境 - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Portal:環境" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a 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</nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><div style="margin-bottom:1em; padding:0.8em; background-color:#FFF; border:1px solid green; font-size:145%; text-align:center;border-top-right-radius:8px;-moz-border-radius-topright:8px;border-top-left-radius:8px;-moz-border-radius-topleft:8px;border-bottom-right-radius:8px;-moz-border-radius-bottomright:8px;border-bottom-left-radius:8px;-moz-border-radius-bottomleft:8px;">Portale dell'Ecologia e dell'Ambiente<br /> <div style="font-size:75%;"> <table class="itwiki_template_toc rad" style="clear:both; margin-top:.5em; background:#dfffdf; align:center; width:99%; text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:lightgreen; text-align:let" colspan="2"> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunflower_d1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/80px-Sunflower_d1.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/120px-Sunflower_d1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/160px-Sunflower_d1.png 2x" data-file-width="752" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>L'<b><a href="/wiki/Ecologia" title="Ecologia">ecologia</a></b> (dal greco <i>oikos</i> che vuol dire <i>casa</i> o <i>ambiente</i>) è la disciplina che studia la <a href="/wiki/Biosfera" title="Biosfera">biosfera</a>, ossia la porzione della <a href="/wiki/Terra" title="Terra">Terra</a> in cui è presente la vita e le cui caratteristiche sono determinate dall'interazione degli organismi tra loro e con i fattori abiotici. Il termine fu coniato dal biologo tedesco <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Haeckel" title="Ernst Haeckel">Ernst Haeckel</a> nel <a href="/wiki/1866" title="1866">1866</a> (dal greco οικια = casa e λογος = studio) Una porzione di biosfera delimitata naturalmente costituisce un <a href="/wiki/Ecosistema" title="Ecosistema">ecosistema</a>. Ecosistemi di livello inferiore possono essere contenuti in ecosistemi più ampi: la biosfera è quindi il massimo ecosistema. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Terra.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/75px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/113px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/150px-Terra.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Per <b><a href="/wiki/Ambiente_naturale" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambiente naturale">ambiente naturale</a></b> si intende normalmente l'insieme dei fattori che influenzano gli esseri viventi, spontaneamente regolati dal corso della <a href="/wiki/Natura" title="Natura">natura</a>, in contrasto con altri ambienti o <i>milieu</i> "non naturali" in quanto creati dall'uomo (si veda <a href="/wiki/Antropizzazione" title="Antropizzazione">ambiente costruito</a>). </p><p>Il termine non è inteso solo come ambiente biologico come definito dalla scienza dell'<a href="/wiki/Ecologia" title="Ecologia">ecologia</a>, ma sottintende un insieme di fattori <a href="/wiki/Ambientalismo" title="Ambientalismo">ambientalistici</a>, <a href="/wiki/Politica" title="Politica">politici</a>, <a href="/wiki/Societ%C3%A0_(sociologia)" title="Società (sociologia)">sociali</a> e <a href="/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia">filosofici</a> che implicano la salvaguardia ambientale mediante la protezione degli animali, la riduzione dell'<a href="/wiki/Inquinamento" title="Inquinamento">inquinamento</a>, la promozione delle <a href="/wiki/Energie_rinnovabili" class="mw-redirect" title="Energie rinnovabili">energie rinnovabili</a> e dello <a href="/wiki/Sviluppo_sostenibile" title="Sviluppo sostenibile">sviluppo sostenibile</a>, la salvaguardia delle risorse naturali e degli <a href="/wiki/Ecosistema" title="Ecosistema">ecosistemi</a>, la promozione di <a href="/wiki/Aree_naturali_protette" class="mw-redirect" title="Aree naturali protette">aree naturali protette</a>. </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div style="font-size:70%;"><br /> <small><b><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Ecologia" title="Categoria:Ecologia">Tutte le voci di Ecologia</a></b> e <b><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Ambiente" title="Categoria:Ambiente">Ambiente</a></b> | <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Special.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Special.png/20px-Special.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Special.png/30px-Special.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Special.png/40px-Special.png 2x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wikinews.org/wiki/Categoria:Ambiente" class="extiw" title="n:Categoria:Ambiente">Notizie sull'ambiente</a><br />Coordinamento: <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Ecologia" title="Progetto:Ecologia">Progetto Ecologia</a> | <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Aree_protette" title="Progetto:Aree protette">Progetto Aree protette</a> | <a href="/wiki/Progetto:Biologia" title="Progetto:Biologia">Progetto Biologia</a> <br /> Portali collegati: <a href="/wiki/Portale:Biologia" title="Portale:Biologia">Portale:Biologia</a> | <a href="/wiki/Portale:Botanica" title="Portale:Botanica">Portale:Botanica</a> | <a href="/wiki/Portale:Energia" title="Portale:Energia">Portale:Energia</a> | <a href="/wiki/Portale:Trasporti" title="Portale:Trasporti">Portale:Trasporti</a></small></div> </div> <p><br /> </p> <table style="background-color:#dfffdf; width:100%; border:1px solid green"> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top" width="46%"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r141514243">.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-cartella{width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em;font-size:95%;display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-cartella-header-container{display:flex;align-items:flex-end}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-cartella-header{box-sizing:border-box;background:var(--background-color-base,#fff);border-width:2px 2px 0;border-style:solid;padding-right:1em;white-space:nowrap;height:39px}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-cartella-link-container{flex-grow:1;border-bottom-width:2px;border-bottom-style:solid}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-cartella-link{padding:0 .5em 0 .5em;border-top-right-radius:5em;border-width:1px 1px 0 0;border-style:solid;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-cartella-body{padding:0 0.5em;background:var(--background-color-base,#fff);border-width:0 2px;border-style:solid}.mw-parser-output .itwiki-template-cartella-footer{border-bottom-right-radius:1em;border-bottom-left-radius:1em;height:8px;border-width:1px 2px;border-style:solid}</style> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-header-container"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-header" style="border-color: #A3BFB1;"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Cartella_hijau.png" decoding="async" width="187" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="36" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div style="padding-left:12px; margin-top:-31px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunflower_d1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/22px-Sunflower_d1.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/33px-Sunflower_d1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/44px-Sunflower_d1.png 2x" data-file-width="752" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div style="padding-left:85px; margin-top:-22px; font-size:135%"><b> In evidenza</b></div> </div> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-link-container" style="border-bottom-color: #A3BFB1;"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-link" style="width: fit-content; border-color: #A3BFB1; background:#CEF2E0;"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:EditPage/Portale:Ecologia_e_ambiente/In_evidenza" title="Speciale:EditPage/Portale:Ecologia e ambiente/In evidenza">modifica</a> </div></div> </div> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-body" style="border-color: #A3BFB1"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Medclim.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Medclim.png/340px-Medclim.png" decoding="async" width="340" height="196" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Medclim.png/510px-Medclim.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Medclim.png/680px-Medclim.png 2x" data-file-width="780" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Distribuzione delle aree a clima mediterraneo.</figcaption></figure> <p>Gli <b><a href="/wiki/Ecosistemi_mediterranei" title="Ecosistemi mediterranei">ecosistemi mediterranei</a></b> sono riconducibili ai <a href="/wiki/Bioma" title="Bioma">biomi</a> di alcune regioni della fascia temperata calda il cui clima è marcatamente condizionato dall'influenza dell'oceano. L'aspetto più rilevante di un clima di tipo mediterraneo s'identifica in un'alternanza stagionale definita congiuntamente da una distribuzione non omogenea delle precipitazioni e dall'effetto mitigante delle correnti oceaniche sul regime termico. </p><p>Un clima di tipo mediterraneo è caratterizzato dai seguenti elementi: </p> <ul><li>inverno mite, con temperature minime che raramente scendono sotto i <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002273149999999999♠"></span>0 °C</span>;</li> <li>estate calda ma non torrida, con temperature massime inferiori ai <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002323150000000000♠"></span>50 °C</span>;</li> <li>piovosità variabile da valori inferiori ai 250 ai <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000130000000000000♠"></span>1<span style="margin-left:.25em;">300</span> mm</span> annui;</li> <li>piovosità scarsa o assente per almeno 3 mesi nel corso dell'anno, in corrispondenza della stagione estiva;</li> <li>massimi di piovosità in corrispondenza dei mesi invernali.</li></ul> <p>In definitiva, un clima mediterraneo è caratterizzato da inverni miti e piovosi e da estati calde e siccitose. </p><p><br /> <small><b><a href="/wiki/Ecosistemi_mediterranei" title="Ecosistemi mediterranei">Leggi tutta la voce...</a></b></small> </p> </div> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-footer" style="background:#CEF2E0; border-color: #A3BFB1;"> </div> </div><br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141514243"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-header-container"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-header" style="border-color: #A3BFB1;"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Cartella_hijau.png" decoding="async" width="187" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="36" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div style="padding-left:12px; margin-top:-31px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunflower_d1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/22px-Sunflower_d1.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/33px-Sunflower_d1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/44px-Sunflower_d1.png 2x" data-file-width="752" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div style="padding-left:85px; margin-top:-22px; font-size:135%"><b> Biografia</b></div> </div> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-link-container" style="border-bottom-color: #A3BFB1;"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-link" style="width: fit-content; border-color: #A3BFB1; background:#CEF2E0;"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:EditPage/Portale:Ecologia_e_ambiente/Biografia" title="Speciale:EditPage/Portale:Ecologia e ambiente/Biografia">modifica</a> </div></div> </div> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-body" style="border-color: #A3BFB1"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/220px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/330px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg/440px-The_Earth_seen_from_Apollo_17.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3002" /></a><figcaption>La Terra (Gaia) vista dall'<a href="/wiki/Apollo_17" title="Apollo 17">Apollo 17</a>, dicembre 1972</figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="/wiki/James_Ephraim_Lovelock" class="mw-redirect" title="James Ephraim Lovelock">James Ephraim Lovelock</a></b> (nato il <a href="/wiki/26_luglio" title="26 luglio">26 luglio</a> <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>), è uno scienziato indipendente, scrittore e ricercatore ambientalista che vive in Cornovaglia, nel sud ovest dell'<a href="/wiki/Inghilterra" title="Inghilterra">Inghilterra</a>. Il suo maggiore merito scientifico è di aver interpretato, con la <b><a href="/wiki/Ipotesi_Gaia" title="Ipotesi Gaia">teoria di Gaia</a></b>, la <a href="/wiki/Terra" title="Terra">terra</a>. Egli per primo ha inteso la Terra con tutte le sue funzioni come un unico <a href="/w/index.php?title=Superorganismo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Superorganismo (la pagina non esiste)">superorganismo</a>. </p><p>Lovelock nasce a <a href="/wiki/Letchworth_Garden_City" title="Letchworth Garden City">Letchworth Garden City</a>. Studia chimica all'<a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_di_Manchester" title="Università di Manchester">Università di Manchester</a> prima di trovare impiego come ricercatore presso l'istituto per la ricerca medica con sede a <a href="/wiki/Londra" title="Londra">Londra</a>. Si sposa nel 1942. Nel 1948 riceve un Ph.D. in medicina alla Scuola di Igiene e Medicina Tropicale di Londra. In seguito negli Stati Uniti conduce numerose ricerche presso l'università di Yale, il Collegio di Medicina dell'università di Baylor e infine ad <a href="/wiki/Harvard" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard">Harvard</a>. </p><p><small><b><a href="/wiki/James_Lovelock" title="James Lovelock">Leggi tutta la voce...</a></b></small> </p> </div> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-footer" style="background:#CEF2E0; border-color: #A3BFB1;"> </div> </div><br /> </td> <td valign="top" width="46%"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141514243"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-header-container"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-header" style="border-color: #A3BFB1;"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Cartella_hijau.png" decoding="async" width="187" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="36" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div style="padding-left:12px; margin-top:-31px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunflower_d1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/22px-Sunflower_d1.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/33px-Sunflower_d1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/44px-Sunflower_d1.png 2x" data-file-width="752" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div style="padding-left:85px; margin-top:-22px; font-size:135%"><b> Immagini</b></div> </div> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-link-container" style="border-bottom-color: #A3BFB1;"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-link" style="width: fit-content; border-color: #A3BFB1; background:#CEF2E0;"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:EditPage/Portale:Ecologia_e_ambiente/Immagini" title="Speciale:EditPage/Portale:Ecologia e ambiente/Immagini">modifica</a> </div></div> </div> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-body" style="border-color: #A3BFB1"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GreatBarrierReef-EO.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GreatBarrierReef-EO.JPG/300px-GreatBarrierReef-EO.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/GreatBarrierReef-EO.JPG/450px-GreatBarrierReef-EO.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1b/GreatBarrierReef-EO.JPG 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="540" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Grande_barriera_corallina" title="Grande barriera corallina">Grande barriera corallina</a>, Australia</figcaption></figure> <p><br /> </p> <table style="margin-bottom:.5em; border:1px solid #CCC; text-align:left; font-size:90%; background:#F9F9F9"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding: 0 .5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td width="95%"><i>Vedi altre immagini di <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Environment" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Environment">Ambiente</a> ed <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ecology" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ecology">Ecologia</a></i><br /><i>Visita <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Pagina_principale" class="extiw" title="commons:Pagina principale">Commons</a>, l'archivio multimediale libero</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-footer" style="background:#CEF2E0; border-color: #A3BFB1;"> </div> </div><br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141514243"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-header-container"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-header" style="border-color: #A3BFB1;"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Cartella_hijau.png" decoding="async" width="187" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="36" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div style="padding-left:12px; margin-top:-31px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunflower_d1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/22px-Sunflower_d1.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/33px-Sunflower_d1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/44px-Sunflower_d1.png 2x" data-file-width="752" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div style="padding-left:85px; margin-top:-22px; font-size:135%"><b> Indice tematico</b></div> </div> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-link-container" style="border-bottom-color: #A3BFB1;"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-link" style="width: fit-content; border-color: #A3BFB1; background:#CEF2E0;"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:EditPage/Portale:Ecologia_e_ambiente/Indice_tematico" title="Speciale:EditPage/Portale:Ecologia e ambiente/Indice tematico">modifica</a> </div></div> </div> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-body" style="border-color: #A3BFB1"> <p align="justify" style="font-size: 99%"> <b>Ecologia</b> : <a href="/wiki/Autoecologia" title="Autoecologia">Autoecologia</a> | <a href="/wiki/Sinecologia" title="Sinecologia">Sinecologia</a> | <a href="/wiki/Ecosistema" title="Ecosistema">Ecosistema</a> | <a href="/wiki/Biotopo" title="Biotopo">Biotopo</a> | <a href="/wiki/Biocenosi" title="Biocenosi">Biocenosi</a> | <a href="/wiki/Habitat" title="Habitat">Habitat</a> | <a href="/wiki/Bioma" title="Bioma">Bioma</a> | <a href="/wiki/Nicchia_ecologica" title="Nicchia ecologica">Nicchia ecologica</a> | <a href="/wiki/Fattori_ambientali" title="Fattori ambientali">Fattori ambientali</a> | <a href="/wiki/Biodiversit%C3%A0" title="Biodiversità">Biodiversità</a> </p> <p align="justify" style="font-size: 99%"> <b>Ambiente</b> : <a href="/wiki/Aree_naturali_protette" class="mw-redirect" title="Aree naturali protette">Aree naturali protette</a> | <a href="/wiki/Inquinamento" title="Inquinamento">Inquinamento</a> | <a href="/wiki/Gestione_dei_rifiuti" title="Gestione dei rifiuti">Gestione dei rifiuti</a> | <a href="/wiki/Riscaldamento_globale" title="Riscaldamento globale">Riscaldamento globale</a> | <a href="/wiki/Protocollo_di_Ky%C5%8Dto" class="mw-redirect" title="Protocollo di Kyōto">Protocollo di Kyōto</a> | <a href="/wiki/Carta_della_Terra" title="Carta della Terra">Carta della Terra</a> | <a href="/wiki/Risparmio_energetico" title="Risparmio energetico">Risparmio energetico</a> | <a href="/wiki/Energie_rinnovabili" class="mw-redirect" title="Energie rinnovabili">Energie rinnovabili</a> | <a href="/wiki/Sviluppo_sostenibile" title="Sviluppo sostenibile">Sviluppo sostenibile</a> | <a href="/wiki/G8_Ambiente" title="G8 Ambiente">G8 Ambiente</a> | <a href="/wiki/Carta_di_Siracusa_sulla_Biodiversit%C3%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="Carta di Siracusa sulla Biodiversità">Carta di Siracusa sulla Biodiversità</a> | <a href="/wiki/Storia_ambientale" title="Storia ambientale">Storia ambientale</a> </p> <p align="justify" style="font-size: 99%"> <b>Scienze correlate</b> : <a href="/wiki/Biologia" title="Biologia">Biologia</a> | <a href="/wiki/Scienze_ambientali" title="Scienze ambientali">Scienze ambientali</a> | <a href="/wiki/Scienze_naturali" title="Scienze naturali">Scienze naturali</a> | <a href="/wiki/Scienze_della_Terra" title="Scienze della Terra">Scienze della Terra</a> | <a href="/wiki/Climatologia" title="Climatologia">Climatologia</a> | <a href="/wiki/Chimica_ambientale" title="Chimica ambientale">Chimica ambientale</a> | <a href="/wiki/Chimica_verde" title="Chimica verde">Chimica verde</a> </p> <p align="justify" style="font-size: 99%"> <b>Movimenti e persone attivisti per il clima e l'Ambiente</b> : <a href="/wiki/Fridays_for_Future" title="Fridays for Future">Fridays for Future</a> | <a href="/wiki/Greta_Thunberg" title="Greta Thunberg">Greta Thunberg</a> | <a href="/wiki/Extinction_Rebellion" title="Extinction Rebellion">Extinction Rebellion</a> | <a href="/wiki/Youth_for_Climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Youth for Climate">Youth for Climate</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scientists_for_Future&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scientists for Future (la pagina non esiste)">Scientists for Future</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Teachers_for_Future&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teachers for Future (la pagina non esiste)">Teachers for Future</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Parents_for_Future&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parents for Future (la pagina non esiste)">Parents for Future</a> </p> <p><b>Organismi Internazionali per la tutela dell'Ambiente</b> : <a href="/wiki/Programma_delle_Nazioni_Unite_per_l%27Ambiente" class="mw-redirect" title="Programma delle Nazioni Unite per l'Ambiente">Programma delle Nazioni Unite per l'Ambiente</a> (UNEP) | <a href="/wiki/Convenzione_sulla_diversit%C3%A0_biologica" title="Convenzione sulla diversità biologica">Convenzione sulla diversità biologica</a> (CBD) | <a href="/wiki/Convenzione_quadro_delle_Nazioni_Unite_sui_cambiamenti_climatici" title="Convenzione quadro delle Nazioni Unite sui cambiamenti climatici">Convenzione quadro delle Nazioni Unite sui cambiamenti climatici</a> (UNFCCC) | <a href="/wiki/Convenzione_contro_la_desertificazione" title="Convenzione contro la desertificazione">Convenzione contro la desertificazione</a> (UNCCD)| <a href="/wiki/Summit_della_Terra" title="Summit della Terra">Summit della Terra</a> (WSSD) | <a href="/wiki/Unione_Internazionale_per_la_Conservazione_della_Natura" class="mw-redirect" title="Unione Internazionale per la Conservazione della Natura">Unione Internazionale per la Conservazione della Natura</a> (IUCN) </p> <p class="mw-empty-elt"></p> <p><b>Associazioni e organizzazioni non governative</b> : <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a> | <a href="/wiki/WWF" title="WWF">WWF</a> </p> </div> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-footer" style="background:#CEF2E0; border-color: #A3BFB1;"> </div> </div><br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r141514243"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-header-container"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-header" style="border-color: #A3BFB1;"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/14/Cartella_hijau.png" decoding="async" width="187" height="36" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="187" data-file-height="36" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div style="padding-left:12px; margin-top:-31px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sunflower_d1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=" " src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/22px-Sunflower_d1.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/33px-Sunflower_d1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Sunflower_d1.png/44px-Sunflower_d1.png 2x" data-file-width="752" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div style="padding-left:85px; margin-top:-22px; font-size:135%"><b> Sapevi che...</b></div> </div> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-link-container" style="border-bottom-color: #A3BFB1;"> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-link" style="width: fit-content; border-color: #A3BFB1; background:#CEF2E0;"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:EditPage/Portale:Ecologia_e_ambiente/Sapevi_che" title="Speciale:EditPage/Portale:Ecologia e ambiente/Sapevi che">modifica</a> </div></div> </div> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-body" style="border-color: #A3BFB1"> <dl><dt>Sapevi che...</dt></dl> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Passivhaus_section_en.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Passivhaus_section_en.jpg/240px-Passivhaus_section_en.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Passivhaus_section_en.jpg/360px-Passivhaus_section_en.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Passivhaus_section_en.jpg/480px-Passivhaus_section_en.jpg 2x" data-file-width="945" data-file-height="741" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>In Italia il <b><a href="/wiki/Risparmio_energetico" title="Risparmio energetico">risparmio energetico</a></b> ha grandissime potenzialità di sviluppo? </p><p>Basti pensare ad esempio che in paesi nordici come Svezia o Germania gli standard di costruzione delle abitazioni richiede pochissimo spreco di energia termica. In Svezia la perdita di calore di una casa non deve superare i <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7001600000000000000♠"></span>60 kwh/m²</span> all'anno, in Germania deve essere minore di 200 mentre in Italia lo spreco medio di calore supera addirittura i <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002500000000000000♠"></span>500 kwh/m²</span> all'anno. </p><p>Costruire abitazioni con obiettivi di risparmio energetico non è difficile. Esistono anche <b><a href="/wiki/Casa_passiva" title="Casa passiva">case passive</a></b> (<i>passivhaus</i> secondo il termine originale di lingua tedesca) che assicurano il benessere termico senza alcun impianto di riscaldamento "convenzionale", ossia caldaia e termosifoni o sistemi analoghi. </p> </div> <div class="itwiki-template-cartella-footer" style="background:#CEF2E0; border-color: #A3BFB1;"> </div> </div><br /> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br clear="all" /> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panorama-Bosco.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Panorama-Bosco.JPG/699px-Panorama-Bosco.JPG" decoding="async" width="699" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Panorama-Bosco.JPG/1049px-Panorama-Bosco.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Panorama-Bosco.JPG/1398px-Panorama-Bosco.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2021" data-file-height="749" /></a><figcaption>«Troverai più nei boschi che nei libri. Gli alberi e le rocce ti insegneranno cose che nessun maestro ti dirà» - (<a href="/wiki/Bernardo_di_Chiaravalle" title="Bernardo di Chiaravalle">Bernardo di Chiaravalle</a>)</figcaption></figure>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Estratto da "<a dir="ltr" href="https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portale:Ecologia_e_ambiente&oldid=123141362">https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portale:Ecologia_e_ambiente&oldid=123141362</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Categorie" title="Categoria:Categorie">Categoria</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Categoria:Portali_sulle_Scienze_della_Terra" title="Categoria:Portali sulle Scienze della Terra">Portali sulle Scienze della Terra</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Questa pagina è stata modificata per l'ultima volta il 24 set 2021 alle 00:21.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Il testo è disponibile secondo la <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.it">licenza Creative Commons Attribuzione-Condividi allo stesso modo</a>; possono applicarsi condizioni ulteriori. 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