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class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Programming_models" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Programming_models"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Programming models</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Programming_models-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-IIS_integrated_pipeline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#IIS_integrated_pipeline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>IIS integrated pipeline</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-IIS_integrated_pipeline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Third-party_frameworks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Third-party_frameworks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Third-party frameworks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Third-party_frameworks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Versions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Versions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Versions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Versions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_implementations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_implementations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Other implementations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_implementations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>General sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ASP.NET</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 53 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-53" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">53 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A5%D8%B3_%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA_%D9%86%D8%AA" title="إيه إس بي دوت نت – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إيه إس بي دوت نت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D8%AA" title="ای‌اس‌پی‌دات‌نت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ای‌اس‌پی‌دات‌نت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80.%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9F" title="एऍसपी.नेट – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="एऍसपी.नेट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Server_Pages_.NET" title="Active Server Pages .NET – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Active Server Pages .NET" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_Server_Pages_.NET" title="Active Server Pages .NET – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Active Server Pages .NET" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D9%BE%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%86%D8%AA" title="ای اس پی دات نت – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ای اس پی دات نت" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8F%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF.%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D" title="ஏஎஸ்பி.நெட் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஏஎஸ்பி.நெட்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%95" title="เอเอสพีดอตเน็ต – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เอเอสพีดอตเน็ต" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASP.NET" title="ASP.NET – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="ASP.NET" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q178817#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:ASP.NET" rel="discussion" title="Discuss 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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Open-source web application framework</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_ASPNet" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO ASPNet">UNESCO ASPNet</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For its rewrite, see <a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Core" title="ASP.NET Core">ASP.NET Core</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">ASP.NET (software)</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">January 5, 2002<span class="noprint">; 23 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2002-01-05</span>)</span></td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">4.8.1 / August 9, 2022<span class="noprint">; 2 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2022-08-09</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/aspnet/AspNetWebStack">github<wbr />.com<wbr />/aspnet<wbr />/AspNetWebStack</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178817#P1324" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_CLI_languages" title="List of CLI languages">.NET languages</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">Platform</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET Framework</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Web_framework" title="Web framework">Web framework</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary software</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/apps/aspnet">dotnet<wbr />.microsoft<wbr />.com<wbr />/en-us<wbr />/apps<wbr />/aspnet</a></span> <span class="penicon autoconfirmed-show"><span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178817?uselang=en#P856" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="padding-bottom: 0.15em;">ASP.NET (file format)</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Filename_extension" title="Filename extension">Filename extension</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><code>.aspx</code>, <code><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Razor" title="ASP.NET Razor">.cshtml</a></code>, <code><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Razor" title="ASP.NET Razor">.vbhtml</a></code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Media_type" title="Media type">Internet media type</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049734">.mw-parser-output .monospaced{font-family:monospace,monospace}</style><div class="monospaced"> text/html</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height: 1.2; padding-right: 0.65em;">Developed by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height: 1.35;"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>ASP.NET</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Server-side_scripting" title="Server-side scripting">server-side</a> <a href="/wiki/Web-application_framework" class="mw-redirect" title="Web-application framework">web-application framework</a> designed for <a href="/wiki/Web_development" title="Web development">web development</a> to produce <a href="/wiki/Dynamic_web_page" title="Dynamic web page">dynamic web pages</a>. It was developed by <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> to allow <a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">programmers</a> to build dynamic <a href="/wiki/Web_site" class="mw-redirect" title="Web site">web sites</a>, <a href="/wiki/Web_application" title="Web application">applications</a> and <a href="/wiki/Web_service" title="Web service">services</a>. The name stands for Active Server Pages Network Enabled Technologies. </p><p>It was first released in January 2002 with version 1.0 of the <a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET Framework</a> and is the successor to Microsoft's <a href="/wiki/Active_Server_Pages" title="Active Server Pages">Active Server Pages</a> (ASP) technology. ASP.NET is built on the <a href="/wiki/Common_Language_Runtime" title="Common Language Runtime">Common Language Runtime</a> (CLR), allowing programmers to write ASP.NET code using any supported <a href="/wiki/List_of_CLI_languages" title="List of CLI languages">.NET language</a>. The ASP.NET <a href="/wiki/SOAP" title="SOAP">SOAP</a> extension framework allows ASP.NET components to process SOAP messages. </p><p>In 2016, Microsoft released <a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Core" title="ASP.NET Core">ASP.NET Core</a> as ASP.NET's successor. This new version is a re-implementation of ASP.NET as a modular <a href="/wiki/Web_framework" title="Web framework">web framework</a>, together with other frameworks like <a href="/wiki/Entity_Framework" title="Entity Framework">Entity Framework</a>. The new framework uses the new open-source <a href="/wiki/.NET_Compiler_Platform" class="mw-redirect" title=".NET Compiler Platform">.NET Compiler Platform</a> (codename "Roslyn") and is <a href="/wiki/Cross_platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross platform">cross platform</a>. <a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_MVC" title="ASP.NET MVC">ASP.NET MVC</a>, ASP.NET Web API, and ASP.NET Web Pages (a platform using only <a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Razor" title="ASP.NET Razor">Razor</a> pages) have merged into a unified MVC 6.<sup id="cite_ref-asp.net_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-asp.net-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Programming_models">Programming models</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ASP.NET&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Programming models"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ASP.NET supports a number of programming models for building web applications:<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Web_Forms" title="ASP.NET Web Forms">ASP.NET Web Forms</a> – A framework for building modular pages out of components, with UI events being processed server-side. This framework is not included in the ASP.NET Core versions; it only works in the "classic" ASP.NET, on Windows.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_MVC" title="ASP.NET MVC">ASP.NET MVC</a> – allows building web pages using the <a href="/wiki/Model%E2%80%93view%E2%80%93controller" title="Model–view–controller">model–view–controller</a> design pattern.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Web_Pages" class="mw-redirect" title="ASP.NET Web Pages">ASP.NET Web Pages</a> – A lightweight syntax for adding dynamic code and data access directly inside HTML markup.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Web_API" class="mw-redirect" title="ASP.NET Web API">ASP.NET Web API</a> – A framework for building <a href="/wiki/Web_API" title="Web API">Web APIs</a> on top of the <a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET Framework</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ASP.NET_WebHooks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ASP.NET WebHooks (page does not exist)">ASP.NET WebHooks</a> – Implements the <a href="/wiki/Webhook" title="Webhook">Webhook</a> pattern for subscribing to and publishing events via HTTP.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SignalR" title="SignalR">SignalR</a> – A real-time communications framework for bi-directional communication between client and server.</li></ul> <p>Other ASP.NET extensions include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HTTP_handler" title="HTTP handler">ASP.NET Handler</a> – Components that implement the <code>System.Web.IHttpHandler</code> interface. Unlike ASP.NET Pages, they have no HTML-markup file, no events and other supporting. All they have is a code-file (written in any <a href="/wiki/List_of_CLI_languages" title="List of CLI languages">.NET-compatible language</a>) that writes some data to the server HTTP response. HTTP handlers are similar to <a href="/wiki/ISAPI" class="mw-redirect" title="ISAPI">ISAPI</a> extensions.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_AJAX" title="ASP.NET AJAX">ASP.NET AJAX</a> – An extension with both client-side as well as server-side components for writing ASP.NET pages that incorporate <a href="/wiki/AJAX_(programming)" class="mw-redirect" title="AJAX (programming)">Ajax</a> functionality.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Dynamic_Data" title="ASP.NET Dynamic Data">ASP.NET Dynamic Data</a> – A <a href="/wiki/Scaffold_(programming)" title="Scaffold (programming)">scaffolding</a> extension to build data driven web applications.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="IIS_integrated_pipeline">IIS integrated pipeline</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ASP.NET&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: IIS integrated pipeline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On <a href="/wiki/Internet_Information_Services" title="Internet Information Services">IIS</a> 6.0 and lower, pages written using different versions of the ASP framework cannot share <a href="#Session_state">session state</a> without the use of third-party libraries. This does not apply to ASP.NET and ASP applications running side by side on IIS 7. With IIS 7.0, modules may be run in an integrated pipeline that allows modules written in any language to be executed for any request.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Third-party_frameworks">Third-party frameworks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ASP.NET&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Third-party frameworks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is not essential to use the standard Web forms development model when developing with ASP.NET. Noteworthy frameworks designed for the platform include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Base_One_Foundation_Component_Library" title="Base One Foundation Component Library">Base One Foundation Component Library</a> (BFC) is <a href="/wiki/Rapid_application_development" title="Rapid application development">RAD</a> framework for building .NET <a href="/wiki/Database" title="Database">database</a> and <a href="/wiki/Distributed_computing" title="Distributed computing">distributed computing</a> applications.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DotNetNuke" class="mw-redirect" title="DotNetNuke">DotNetNuke</a> is an open-source solution that provides both a web application framework and a content management system that allows for advanced extensibility through modules, skins, and providers.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MonoRail_(software)" title="MonoRail (software)">Castle MonoRail</a>, an open-source <a href="/wiki/Model%E2%80%93view%E2%80%93controller" title="Model–view–controller">MVC</a> framework with an execution model similar to <a href="/wiki/Ruby_on_Rails" title="Ruby on Rails">Ruby on Rails</a>. The framework is commonly used with <a href="/wiki/Castle_ActiveRecord" class="mw-redirect" title="Castle ActiveRecord">Castle ActiveRecord</a>, an ORM layer built on <a href="/wiki/NHibernate" title="NHibernate">NHibernate</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Versions">Versions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ASP.NET&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Versions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>ASP.NET's release history tightly correlates with the <a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET Framework</a> releases: </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:8%">Date </th> <th style="width:8%">Version </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:30%">Remarks </th> <th class="unsortable" style="width:45%">New ASP.NET related features </th></tr> <tr> <td>January 16, 2002 </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-unsupported" title="Old version, not maintained" data-sort-value="1.00"><span style="display: none;">Old version, not maintained:</span> 1.0 </td> <td>First version<br /> <p>released together with <a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_.NET" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual Studio .NET">Visual Studio .NET</a> </p> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Object-oriented" class="mw-redirect" title="Object-oriented">Object-oriented</a> Web application development supporting <a href="/wiki/Inheritance_(object-oriented_programming)" title="Inheritance (object-oriented programming)">inheritance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polymorphism_in_object-oriented_programming" class="mw-redirect" title="Polymorphism in object-oriented programming">polymorphism</a> and other standard OOP features <ul><li>Developers are no longer forced to use Server.CreateObject(...), so early-binding and type safety are possible.</li></ul></li> <li>Based on <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Windows</a> programming; the developer can make use of DLL class libraries and other features of the Web server to build more robust applications that do more than simply rendering HTML (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Exception_handling" title="Exception handling">exception handling</a>)</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 24, 2003 </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-unsupported" title="Old version, not maintained" data-sort-value="1.10"><span style="display: none;">Old version, not maintained:</span> 1.1 </td> <td>released together with <a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2003" title="Windows Server 2003">Windows Server 2003</a><br /> <p>released together with <a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_.NET_2003" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual Studio .NET 2003">Visual Studio .NET 2003</a> </p> </td> <td> <ul><li>Mobile controls</li> <li>Automatic input validation</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 7, 2005 </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-unsupported" title="Old version, not maintained" data-sort-value="2.00"><span style="display: none;">Old version, not maintained:</span> 2.0 </td> <td> <p>codename <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_codenames" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft codenames">Whidbey</a><br /> released together with <a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_2005" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual Studio 2005">Visual Studio 2005</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio_Express" title="Microsoft Visual Studio Express">Visual Web Developer Express</a><br /> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_SQL_Server" title="Microsoft SQL Server">SQL Server 2005</a> </p> </td> <td> <ul><li>New data controls (GridView, FormView, DetailsView)</li> <li>New technique for declarative data access (SqlDataSource, ObjectDataSource, XmlDataSource controls)</li> <li>Navigation controls</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP_master_pages" class="mw-redirect" title="ASP master pages">Master pages</a></li> <li>Login controls</li> <li>Themes</li> <li>Skins</li> <li>Web parts</li> <li>Personalization services</li> <li>Full pre-compilation</li> <li>New localization technique</li> <li>Support for 64-bit processors</li> <li>Provider class model</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 21, 2006 </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-unsupported" title="Old version, not maintained" data-sort-value="3.00"><span style="display: none;">Old version, not maintained:</span> 3.0 </td> <td>Released with <a href="/wiki/Windows_Vista" title="Windows Vista">Windows Vista</a> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Presentation_Foundation" title="Windows Presentation Foundation">Windows Presentation Foundation</a> (WPF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Workflow_Foundation" title="Windows Workflow Foundation">Windows Workflow Foundation</a> (WF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Communication_Foundation" title="Windows Communication Foundation">Windows Communication Foundation</a>, which can use ASP.NET to host services</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_CardSpace" title="Windows CardSpace">Windows CardSpace</a>, which uses ASP.NET for login roles</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 19, 2007 </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-unsupported" title="Old version, not maintained" data-sort-value="3.50"><span style="display: none;">Old version, not maintained:</span> 3.5 </td> <td>Released with <a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual Studio 2008">Visual Studio 2008</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2008" title="Windows Server 2008">Windows Server 2008</a> </td> <td> <ul><li>New data controls (ListView, DataPager)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_AJAX" title="ASP.NET AJAX">ASP.NET AJAX</a> included as part of the framework</li> <li>Support for HTTP pipelining and syndication feeds.</li> <li>WCF support for RSS, JSON, POX and Partial Trust</li> <li>All the <a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework_3.5" class="mw-redirect" title=".NET Framework 3.5">.NET Framework 3.5</a> changes, like <a href="/wiki/Language_Integrated_Query" title="Language Integrated Query">LINQ</a> etc.</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 11, 2008 </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-unsupported" title="Old version, not maintained" data-sort-value="3.51"><span style="display: none;">Old version, not maintained:</span> 3.5 Service Pack 1 </td> <td>Released with Visual Studio 2008 Service Pack 1 </td> <td> <ul><li>Incorporation of <a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Dynamic_Data" title="ASP.NET Dynamic Data">ASP.NET Dynamic Data</a></li> <li>Support for controlling browser history in an ASP.NET AJAX application</li> <li>Ability to combine multiple <a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> files into one file for more efficient downloading</li> <li>New namespaces System.Web.Abstractions and System.Web.Routing</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 12, 2010 </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-unsupported" title="Old version, not maintained" data-sort-value="4.00"><span style="display: none;">Old version, not maintained:</span> 4.0 </td> <td>Released with <a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_2010" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual Studio 2010">Visual Studio 2010</a> <p>Parallel extensions and other <a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework_4" class="mw-redirect" title=".NET Framework 4">.NET Framework 4</a> features </p> </td> <td> <p>The two new properties added in the Page class are MetaKeyword and MetaDescription. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 15, 2012 </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-unsupported" title="Old version, not maintained" data-sort-value="4.50"><span style="display: none;">Old version, not maintained:</span> 4.5 </td> <td>Released with <a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual Studio 2012">Visual Studio 2012</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2012" title="Windows Server 2012">Windows Server 2012</a> for <a href="/wiki/Windows_8" title="Windows 8">Windows 8</a> <p>Parallel extensions and other <a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework_4.5" class="mw-redirect" title=".NET Framework 4.5">.NET Framework 4.5</a> features </p> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 17, 2013 </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-unsupported" title="Old version, not maintained" data-sort-value="4.51"><span style="display: none;">Old version, not maintained:</span> 4.5.1 </td> <td>Released with <a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_2013" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual Studio 2013">Visual Studio 2013</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for <a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2012_R2" title="Windows Server 2012 R2">Windows Server 2012 R2</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windows_8.1" title="Windows 8.1">Windows 8.1</a> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bootstrap_(front-end_framework)" title="Bootstrap (front-end framework)">Bootstrap</a> 3.0</li> <li>Web API 2: <a href="/wiki/OAuth" title="OAuth">OAuth</a> 2.0, <a href="/wiki/Open_Data_Protocol" title="Open Data Protocol">OData</a> improvements, <a href="/wiki/Cross-origin_resource_sharing" title="Cross-origin resource sharing">CORS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_MVC" title="ASP.NET MVC">MVC</a> 5: Attribute routing, authentication filters and filter overrides</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entity_Framework" title="Entity Framework">EF</a> 6</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SignalR" title="SignalR">SignalR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Web_Interface_for_.NET" title="Open Web Interface for .NET">OWIN</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>May 5, 2014<sup id="cite_ref-lifecycle_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lifecycle-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-maintained" title="Old version, still maintained" data-sort-value="4.52"><span style="display: none;">Old version, still maintained:</span> 4.5.2 </td> <td> </td> <td> <ul><li>Higher reliability HTTP header inspection and modification methods</li> <li>New way to schedule background asynchronous worker tasks</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July 20, 2015<sup id="cite_ref-lifecycle_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lifecycle-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-maintained" title="Old version, still maintained" data-sort-value="4.60"><span style="display: none;">Old version, still maintained:</span> 4.6 </td> <td>Released<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with <a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_2015" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual Studio 2015">Visual Studio 2015</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Entity_Framework" title="Entity Framework">EF</a> 7 Previews for <a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2016" title="Windows Server 2016">Windows Server 2016</a> and <a href="/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10">Windows 10</a> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HTTP/2" title="HTTP/2">HTTP/2</a> support when running on Windows 10</li> <li>More async task-returning APIs</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 30, 2015<sup id="cite_ref-lifecycle_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lifecycle-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-maintained" title="Old version, still maintained" data-sort-value="4.61"><span style="display: none;">Old version, still maintained:</span> 4.6.1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 2, 2016<sup id="cite_ref-lifecycle_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lifecycle-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-maintained" title="Old version, still maintained" data-sort-value="4.62"><span style="display: none;">Old version, still maintained:</span> 4.6.2 </td> <td> </td> <td> <ul><li>Improved async support (output-cache and session providers)</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 11, 2017<sup id="cite_ref-lifecycle_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lifecycle-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-maintained" title="Old version, still maintained" data-sort-value="4.70"><span style="display: none;">Old version, still maintained:</span> 4.7 </td> <td>Included in the Windows 10 Creators Update<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> <ul><li>operating system support for TLS protocols</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>October 17, 2017<sup id="cite_ref-lifecycle_9-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lifecycle-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-maintained" title="Old version, still maintained" data-sort-value="4.71"><span style="display: none;">Old version, still maintained:</span> 4.7.1 </td> <td>Included in the Windows 10 Fall Creators Update.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> <ul><li>Improved accessibility</li> <li>Value tuple types serialization</li> <li>SHA-2 support</li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>April 30, 2018<sup id="cite_ref-lifecycle_9-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lifecycle-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-maintained" title="Old version, still maintained" data-sort-value="4.72"><span style="display: none;">Old version, still maintained:</span> 4.7.2 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August 09, 2022<sup id="cite_ref-lifecycle_9-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lifecycle-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion c swatch-latest" title="Latest version" data-sort-value="4.80"><span style="display: none;">Latest version:</span> <b>4.8.1 </b> </td> <td>Released<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> <ul><li>JIT and NGEN Improvements</li> <li>Updated <a href="/wiki/Zlib" title="Zlib">ZLib</a></li> <li>Reducing FIPS Impact on Cryptography</li> <li>Accessibility Enhancements for <a href="/wiki/WinForms" class="mw-redirect" title="WinForms">WinForms</a></li> <li>Service Behavior Enhancements for <a href="/wiki/Windows_Communication_Foundation" title="Windows Communication Foundation">WCF</a></li> <li>High DPI Enhancements, UIAutomation Improvements for <a href="/wiki/Windows_Presentation_Foundation" title="Windows Presentation Foundation">WPF</a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td>November 18, 2015 </td> <td style="color: var(--color-base, #202122);" class="templateVersion co swatch-unsupported" title="Old version, not maintained" data-sort-value="4.90"><span style="display: none;">Old version, not maintained:</span> 5 RC1 </td> <td>This version was later separated from ASP.NET and brought into a new project called <a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Core" title="ASP.NET Core">ASP.NET Core</a>, whose versioning started at 1.0.<sup id="cite_ref-GHreleases_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GHreleases-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>An entirely new project with different development tenets and goals </td></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <td colspan="4"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1276065812">.mw-parser-output .version-legend{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;column-gap:12px}.mw-parser-output .version-legend-vertical{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;column-gap:4px;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .version-legend .legend-item,.mw-parser-output .version-legend-vertical .legend-item{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column;gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .version-legend .legend-item .swatch,.mw-parser-output .version-legend-vertical .legend-item .swatch{display:inline-block;width:1.25em;height:1.25em;border:1px solid #aaa;margin-top:1px}.mw-parser-output .swatch-unsupported{background-color:#fdb3ab}.mw-parser-output .swatch-maintained{background-color:#fef8c6}.mw-parser-output .swatch-latest{background-color:#d4f4b4}.mw-parser-output .swatch-preview{background-color:#fed1a0}.mw-parser-output .swatch-future{background-color:#c1e6f5}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .version-legend .legend-item .swatch,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .version-legend-vertical .legend-item .swatch{border-color:#72777d}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .swatch-unsupported{background-color:#421511}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .swatch-maintained{background-color:#443f19}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .swatch-latest{background-color:#2b4115}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .swatch-preview{background-color:#4b3114}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .swatch-future{background-color:#143b4b}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .version-legend .legend-item .swatch,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .version-legend-vertical .legend-item .swatch{border-color:#72777d}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .swatch-unsupported{background-color:#421511}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .swatch-maintained{background-color:#443f19}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .swatch-latest{background-color:#2b4115}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .swatch-preview{background-color:#4b3114}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .swatch-future{background-color:#143b4b}}</style><div class="templateVersion l version-legend" style=""><div style=""><span style="white-space: nowrap;"><b>Legend:</b></span></div><div style="display: flex;" class="legend-item"><span class="swatch swatch-unsupported"></span>Old version, not maintained</div><div style="display: flex;" class="legend-item"><span class="swatch swatch-maintained"></span>Old version, still maintained</div><div style="display: flex;" class="legend-item"><span class="swatch swatch-latest"></span><b>Latest version</b></div><div style="display: flex;" class="legend-item"><span class="swatch swatch-preview"></span>Latest preview version</div><div style="display: flex;" class="legend-item"><span class="swatch swatch-future"></span>Future version</div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_implementations">Other implementations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ASP.NET&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Other implementations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Mono_(software)" title="Mono (software)">Mono</a> Project supports "everything in .NET 4.7 except <a href="/wiki/Windows_Presentation_Foundation" title="Windows Presentation Foundation">WPF</a>, <a href="/wiki/Windows_Workflow_Foundation" title="Windows Workflow Foundation">WWF</a>, and with limited <a href="/wiki/Windows_Communication_Foundation" title="Windows Communication Foundation">WCF</a> and limited ASP.NET 4.7 async stack."<sup id="cite_ref-monoproject_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monoproject-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ASP.NET can be run with Mono using one of three options: <a href="/wiki/Apache_HTTP_Server" title="Apache HTTP Server">Apache</a> hosting using the <a href="/wiki/Mod_mono" title="Mod mono">mod_mono</a> module, <a href="/wiki/FastCGI" title="FastCGI">FastCGI</a> hosting, and <a href="/wiki/XSP_(software)" title="XSP (software)">XSP</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ASP.NET&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ELMAH" title="ELMAH">ELMAH</a> (Error Logging Modules and Handlers), an ASP.NET debugging tool</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ASP.NET&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ASP.NET&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dotnet.microsoft.com/en-us/download/dotnet-framework/net481">".net framework download page"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=.net+framework+download+page&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdotnet.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Fdownload%2Fdotnet-framework%2Fnet481&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AASP.NET" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms994405.aspx">"Microsoft .NET Framework Redistributable EULA"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/MSDN" class="mw-redirect" title="MSDN">MSDN</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>. 13 September 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402161923/https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms994405.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on April 2, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 28,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MSDN&rft.atitle=Microsoft+.NET+Framework+Redistributable+EULA&rft.date=2006-09-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmsdn.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Flibrary%2Fms994405.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AASP.NET" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-asp.net-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-asp.net_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.asp.net/en/latest/conceptual-overview/aspnet.html#unify">"Introduction to ASP.NET 5 — ASP.NET 0.0.1 documentation"</a>. <i>asp.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200508045123/https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/?view=aspnetcore-3.1">Archived</a> from the original on May 8, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 11,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=asp.net&rft.atitle=Introduction+to+ASP.NET+5+%E2%80%94+ASP.NET+0.0.1+documentation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdocs.asp.net%2Fen%2Flatest%2Fconceptual-overview%2Faspnet.html%23unify&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AASP.NET" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/choose-aspnet-framework?view=aspnetcore-2.1">"Choose between ASP.NET and ASP.NET Core"</a>. <i>docs.microsoft.com</i>. 10 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docs.microsoft.com&rft.atitle=Choose+between+ASP.NET+and+ASP.NET+Core&rft.date=2024-04-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Faspnet%2Fcore%2Fchoose-aspnet-framework%3Fview%3Daspnetcore-2.1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AASP.NET" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/web-pages/overview/getting-started/aspnet-web-pages-razor-faq#Whats_the_difference_between_ASP.NET_Web_Pages,_ASP.NET_Web_Forms,_and_ASP.NET_MVC">"ASP.NET Web Pages (Razor) FAQ"</a>. <i>docs.microsoft.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docs.microsoft.com&rft.atitle=ASP.NET+Web+Pages+%28Razor%29+FAQ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Faspnet%2Fweb-pages%2Foverview%2Fgetting-started%2Faspnet-web-pages-razor-faq%23Whats_the_difference_between_ASP.NET_Web_Pages%2C_ASP.NET_Web_Forms%2C_and_ASP.NET_MVC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AASP.NET" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/web-api/overview/getting-started-with-aspnet-web-api/tutorial-your-first-web-api">"Get Started with ASP.NET Web API 2 (C#)"</a>. <i>docs.microsoft.com</i>. 30 September 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=docs.microsoft.com&rft.atitle=Get+Started+with+ASP.NET+Web+API+2+%28C%23%29&rft.date=2022-09-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocs.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Faspnet%2Fweb-api%2Foverview%2Fgetting-started-with-aspnet-web-api%2Ftutorial-your-first-web-api&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AASP.NET" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn.iis.net/page.aspx/244/how-to-take-advantage-of-the-iis7-integrated-pipeline">"How to Take Advantage of the IIS 7.0 Integrated Pipeline"</a>. <i>iis.net</i>. 14 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=iis.net&rft.atitle=How+to+Take+Advantage+of+the+IIS+7.0+Integrated+Pipeline&rft.date=2022-06-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flearn.iis.net%2Fpage.aspx%2F244%2Fhow-to-take-advantage-of-the-iis7-integrated-pipeline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AASP.NET" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.msdn.com/b/webdev/archive/2013/10/17/announcing-release-of-asp-net-and-web-tools-for-visual-studio-2013.aspx">"Announcing release of ASP.NET and Web Tools for Visual Studio 2013"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Announcing+release+of+ASP.NET+and+Web+Tools+for+Visual+Studio+2013&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.msdn.com%2Fb%2Fwebdev%2Farchive%2F2013%2F10%2F17%2Fannouncing-release-of-asp-net-and-web-tools-for-visual-studio-2013.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AASP.NET" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lifecycle-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lifecycle_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lifecycle_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lifecycle_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lifecycle_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lifecycle_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lifecycle_9-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lifecycle_9-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lifecycle_9-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/lifecycle/search?alpha=.net%20framework">".net framework product lifecycle"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=.net+framework+product+lifecycle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fen-us%2Flifecycle%2Fsearch%3Falpha%3D.net%2520framework&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AASP.NET" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.msdn.com/b/dotnet/archive/2015/07/20/announcing-net-framework-4-6.aspx">"Announcing .NET Framework 4.6"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Announcing+.NET+Framework+4.6&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.msdn.com%2Fb%2Fdotnet%2Farchive%2F2015%2F07%2F20%2Fannouncing-net-framework-4-6.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AASP.NET" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.msdn.com/b/visualstudio/archive/2015/07/20/visual-studio-2015-and-visual-studio-2013-update-5-released.aspx">"Visual Studio 2015 and Visual Studio 2013 Update 5 Released"</a>. <i>msdn.com</i>. Microsoft. 20 July 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=msdn.com&rft.atitle=Visual+Studio+2015+and+Visual+Studio+2013+Update+5+Released&rft.date=2015-07-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.msdn.com%2Fb%2Fvisualstudio%2Farchive%2F2015%2F07%2F20%2Fvisual-studio-2015-and-visual-studio-2013-update-5-released.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AASP.NET" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/dotnet/2017/04/05/announcing-the-net-framework-4-7/">"Announcing the .NET Framework 4.7"</a>. 5 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Announcing+the+.NET+Framework+4.7&rft.date=2017-04-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.msdn.microsoft.com%2Fdotnet%2F2017%2F04%2F05%2Fannouncing-the-net-framework-4-7%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AASP.NET" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/dotnet/2017/10/17/announcing-the-net-framework-4-7-1/">"Announcing the .NET Framework 4.7.1"</a>. 17 October 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Announcing+the+.NET+Framework+4.7.1&rft.date=2017-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.msdn.microsoft.com%2Fdotnet%2F2017%2F10%2F17%2Fannouncing-the-net-framework-4-7-1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AASP.NET" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://devblogs.microsoft.com/dotnet/announcing-the-net-framework-4-8/">"Announcing the .NET Framework 4.8"</a>. 18 April 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Announcing+the+.NET+Framework+4.8&rft.date=2019-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdevblogs.microsoft.com%2Fdotnet%2Fannouncing-the-net-framework-4-8%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AASP.NET" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GHreleases-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GHreleases_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/aspnet/Home/releases">"Releases"</a>. <i>GitHub</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GitHub&rft.atitle=Releases&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.com%2Faspnet%2FHome%2Freleases&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AASP.NET" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-monoproject-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-monoproject_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mono-project.com/docs/about-mono/compatibility/">"Compatibility | Mono"</a>. <i>Compatibility | Mono</i>. 8 September 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160702192925/http://www.mono-project.com/docs/about-mono/compatibility/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Microsoft_APIs" title="Template:Microsoft APIs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Microsoft_APIs" title="Template talk:Microsoft APIs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Microsoft_APIs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Microsoft APIs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Microsoft_APIs_and_frameworks486" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Microsoft_Windows_application_programming_interfaces_and_frameworks" title="List of Microsoft Windows application programming interfaces and frameworks">Microsoft APIs and frameworks</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Graphics and UI</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Desktop_Window_Manager" title="Desktop Window Manager">Desktop Window Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct2D" title="Direct2D">Direct2D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct3D" title="Direct3D">Direct3D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D3DX" title="D3DX">D3D (extensions)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_Device_Interface" title="Graphics Device Interface">GDI / GDI+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Presentation_Foundation" title="Windows Presentation Foundation">WPF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Silverlight" title="Microsoft Silverlight">Silverlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_UI_Library" title="Windows UI Library">WinUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Color_System" title="Windows Color System">Windows Color System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Image_Acquisition" title="Windows Image Acquisition">Windows Image Acquisition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Imaging_Component" title="Windows Imaging Component">Windows Imaging Component</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirectX_Graphics_Infrastructure" title="DirectX Graphics Infrastructure">DirectX Graphics Infrastructure (DXGI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Advanced_Rasterization_Platform" title="Windows Advanced Rasterization Platform">Windows Advanced Rasterization Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WinG" title="WinG">WinG</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Audio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DirectMusic" title="DirectMusic">DirectMusic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirectSound" title="DirectSound">DirectSound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirectX_plugin" title="DirectX plugin">DirectX plugin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-platform_Audio_Creation_Tool" title="Cross-platform Audio Creation Tool">XACT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Speech_API" title="Microsoft Speech API">Speech API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XAudio2" title="XAudio2">XAudio2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Multimedia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DirectX" title="DirectX">DirectX</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DirectX_Media_Objects" class="mw-redirect" title="DirectX Media Objects">Media Objects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirectX_Video_Acceleration" title="DirectX Video Acceleration">Video Acceleration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinput" class="mw-redirect" title="Xinput">Xinput</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirectInput" title="DirectInput">DirectInput</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirectShow" title="DirectShow">DirectShow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Image_Mastering_API" title="Image Mastering API">Image Mastering API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Managed_DirectX" title="Managed DirectX">Managed DirectX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_Foundation" title="Media Foundation">Media Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_XNA" title="Microsoft XNA">XNA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Media" title="Windows Media">Windows Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_for_Windows" title="Video for Windows">Video for Windows</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Web</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trident_(software)" title="Trident (software)">MSHTML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_RSS_Platform" title="Windows RSS Platform">RSS Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JScript" title="JScript">JScript</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VBScript" title="VBScript">VBScript</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Browser_Helper_Object" title="Browser Helper Object">BHO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XMLHttpRequest" title="XMLHttpRequest">XDR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Gadgets" title="Microsoft Gadgets">SideBar Gadgets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TypeScript" title="TypeScript">TypeScript</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Data access</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Data_Access_Components" title="Microsoft Data Access Components">Data Access Components (MDAC)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ActiveX_Data_Objects" title="ActiveX Data Objects">ADO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADO.NET" title="ADO.NET">ADO.NET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ODBC" class="mw-redirect" title="ODBC">ODBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OLE_DB" title="OLE DB">OLE DB</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensible_Storage_Engine" title="Extensible Storage Engine">Extensible Storage Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entity_Framework" title="Entity Framework">Entity Framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Sync_Framework" title="Microsoft Sync Framework">Sync Framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Access_Database_Engine" title="Access Database Engine">Access Database Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSXML" title="MSXML">MSXML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Packaging_Conventions" title="Open Packaging Conventions">OPC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Networking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winsock" title="Winsock">Winsock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Layered_Service_Provider" title="Layered Service Provider">LSP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Vista_networking_technologies#Winsock_Kernel" title="Windows Vista networking technologies">Winsock Kernel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Filtering_Platform" title="Windows Filtering Platform">Filtering Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_Driver_Interface_Specification" title="Network Driver Interface Specification">NDIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Rally" title="Windows Rally">Windows Rally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Background_Intelligent_Transfer_Service" title="Background Intelligent Transfer Service">BITS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Vista_networking_technologies#Peer-to-peer_communication" title="Windows Vista networking technologies">P2P API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Message_Queuing" title="Microsoft Message Queuing">MSMQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Messaging_Passing_Interface" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Messaging Passing Interface">MS MPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirectPlay" title="DirectPlay">DirectPlay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Communication</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MAPI" title="MAPI">Messaging API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephony_Application_Programming_Interface" title="Telephony Application Programming Interface">Telephony API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Communication_Foundation" title="Windows Communication Foundation">WCF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Administration and<br />management</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Win32_console" class="mw-redirect" title="Win32 console">Win32 console</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Script_Host" title="Windows Script Host">Windows Script Host</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Management_Instrumentation" title="Windows Management Instrumentation">WMI (extensions)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowerShell" title="PowerShell">PowerShell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Task_Scheduler" title="Windows Task Scheduler">Task Scheduler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Vista_I/O_technologies#Offline_Files" title="Windows Vista I/O technologies">Offline Files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_Copy" title="Shadow Copy">Shadow Copy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Installer" title="Windows Installer">Windows Installer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Error_Reporting" title="Windows Error Reporting">Error Reporting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Event_Viewer#Windows_Event_Log" title="Event Viewer">Event Log</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Log_File_System" title="Common Log File System">Common Log File System</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="/wiki/Component-based_software_engineering" title="Component-based software engineering">Component model</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Component_Object_Model" title="Component Object Model">COM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Component_Object_Model#COM+" title="Component Object Model">COM+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ActiveX" title="ActiveX">ActiveX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distributed_Component_Object_Model" title="Distributed Component Object Model">Distributed Component Object Model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET Framework</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="/wiki/Library_(computing)" title="Library (computing)">Libraries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Framework_Class_Library" title="Framework Class Library">Framework Class Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Foundation_Class_Library" title="Microsoft Foundation Class Library">Microsoft Foundation Classes (MFC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Active_Template_Library" title="Active Template Library">Active Template Library (ATL)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Template_Library" title="Windows Template Library">Windows Template Library (WTL)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="/wiki/Device_driver" title="Device driver">Device drivers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Driver_Model" title="Windows Driver Model">WDM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Driver_Frameworks" title="Windows Driver Frameworks">WDF</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kernel-Mode_Driver_Framework" title="Kernel-Mode Driver Framework">KMDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/User-Mode_Driver_Framework" title="User-Mode Driver Framework">UMDF</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Display_Driver_Model" title="Windows Display Driver Model">WDDM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_Driver_Interface_Specification" title="Network Driver Interface Specification">NDIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Audio_Architecture" title="Universal Audio Architecture">UAA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broadcast_Driver_Architecture" title="Broadcast Driver Architecture">BDA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VxD" title="VxD">VxD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Security</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_CryptoAPI" title="Microsoft CryptoAPI">Crypto API</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CAPICOM" title="CAPICOM">CAPICOM</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_CardSpace" title="Windows CardSpace">Windows CardSpace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_Protection_API" title="Data Protection API">Data Protection API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_Support_Provider_Interface" title="Security Support Provider Interface">Security Support Provider Interface (SSPI)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ASP.NET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADO.NET" title="ADO.NET">ADO.NET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.NET_Remoting" title=".NET Remoting">Remoting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Silverlight" title="Microsoft Silverlight">Silverlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Task_Parallel_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Task Parallel Library">TPL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Communication_Foundation" title="Windows Communication Foundation">WCF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_CardSpace" title="Windows CardSpace">WCS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Presentation_Foundation" title="Windows Presentation Foundation">WPF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Workflow_Foundation" title="Windows Workflow Foundation">WF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="/wiki/Software_Factory_(Microsoft_.NET)" class="mw-redirect" title="Software Factory (Microsoft .NET)">Software factories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Enterprise_Library" title="Microsoft Enterprise Library">Enterprise Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composite_UI_Application_Block" title="Composite UI Application Block">Composite UI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Customer_Care_Framework" title="Microsoft Customer Care Framework">CCF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Connected_Services_Framework" title="Microsoft Connected Services Framework">CSF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em"><a href="/wiki/Inter-process_communication" title="Inter-process communication">IPC</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_RPC" title="Microsoft RPC">MSRPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Data_Exchange" title="Dynamic Data Exchange">Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.NET_Remoting" title=".NET Remoting">Remoting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Communication_Foundation" title="Windows Communication Foundation">WCF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Accessibility</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Active_Accessibility" title="Microsoft Active Accessibility">Active Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_UI_Automation" title="Microsoft UI Automation">UI Automation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.2em">Text and multilingual<br />support</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DirectWrite" title="DirectWrite">DirectWrite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text_Services_Framework" title="Text Services Framework">Text Services Framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text_Object_Model" title="Text Object Model">Text Object Model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Input_method" title="Input method">Input method editor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_Interface_Pack" title="Language Interface Pack">Language Interface Pack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multilingual_User_Interface" title="Multilingual User Interface">Multilingual User Interface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniscribe" title="Uniscribe">Uniscribe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Microsoft_development_tools271" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Microsoft_development_tools" title="Template:Microsoft development tools"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Microsoft_development_tools" title="Template talk:Microsoft development tools"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Microsoft_development_tools" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Microsoft development tools"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Microsoft_development_tools271" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Microsoft development tools</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Development<br />environments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Visual Studio">Visual Studio</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_Code" title="Visual Studio Code">Code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Studio_Express" title="Microsoft Visual Studio Express">Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VSTS_Profiler" title="VSTS Profiler">Team System Profiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_Tools_for_Applications" title="Visual Studio Tools for Applications">Tools for Applications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Studio_Tools_for_Office" title="Visual Studio Tools for Office">Tools for Office</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Blend" title="Microsoft Blend">Blend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Expression_Web" title="Microsoft Expression Web">Expression Web</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FxCop" title="FxCop">FxCop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GW-BASIC" title="GW-BASIC">GW-BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_MACRO-80" title="Microsoft MACRO-80">MACRO-80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Macro_Assembler" title="Microsoft Macro Assembler">Macro Assembler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSBuild" title="MSBuild">MSBuild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Pascal" title="Microsoft Pascal">Pascal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickBASIC" title="QuickBASIC">QuickBASIC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/QBasic" title="QBasic">QBasic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/QuickC" title="QuickC">QuickC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Robotics_Developer_Studio" title="Microsoft Robotics Developer Studio">Robotics Developer Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roslyn_(compiler)" title="Roslyn (compiler)">Roslyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_SharePoint_Designer" title="Microsoft SharePoint Designer">SharePoint Designer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_FrontPage" title="Microsoft FrontPage">FrontPage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Small_Basic" title="Microsoft Small Basic">Small Basic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_WebMatrix" title="Microsoft WebMatrix">WebMatrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_App_SDK" title="Windows App SDK">Windows App SDK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_App_Studio" title="Windows App Studio">Windows App Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_SDK" title="Microsoft Windows SDK">Windows SDK</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CLR_Profiler" title="CLR Profiler">CLR Profiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ILAsm" title="ILAsm">ILAsm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Native_Image_Generator" title="Native Image Generator">Native Image Generator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WinDiff" title="WinDiff">WinDiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XAMLPad" class="mw-redirect" title="XAMLPad">XAMLPad</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Dynamics_AX" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Dynamics AX">Dynamics AX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_BASIC" title="Microsoft BASIC">BASIC</a></li> <li>Visual Basic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_(classic)" title="Visual Basic (classic)">legacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_.NET" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual Basic .NET">VB.NET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_for_Applications" title="Visual Basic for Applications">VBA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VBScript" title="VBScript">VBScript</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosque_(programming_language)" title="Bosque (programming language)">Bosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_C%2B%2B" title="Microsoft Visual C++">Visual C++</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B/CX" title="C++/CX">C++/CX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B/CLI" title="C++/CLI">C++/CLI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Managed_Extensions_for_C%2B%2B" title="Managed Extensions for C++">Managed C++</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B/WinRT" title="C++/WinRT">C++/WinRT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)" title="C Sharp (programming language)">C#</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C/AL" title="C/AL">C/AL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dafny" title="Dafny">Dafny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dexterity_(programming_language)" title="Dexterity (programming language)">Dexterity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F_Sharp_(programming_language)" title="F Sharp (programming language)">F#</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F*_(programming_language)" title="F* (programming language)">F*</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_FoxPro" title="Visual FoxPro">Visual FoxPro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Java_(programming_language)" title="Java (programming language)">Java</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visual_J%2B%2B" title="Visual J++">J++</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_J_Sharp" title="Visual J Sharp">J#</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/TypeScript" title="TypeScript">TypeScript</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JScript" title="JScript">JScript</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IronPython" title="IronPython">IronPython</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IronRuby" title="IronRuby">IronRuby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lean_(proof_assistant)" title="Lean (proof assistant)">Lean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P_(programming_language)" title="P (programming language)">P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Power_Fx" title="Microsoft Power Fx">Power Fx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowerShell" title="PowerShell">PowerShell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Verona" title="Project Verona">Project Verona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="Q Sharp">Q#</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Small_Basic" title="Microsoft Small Basic">Small Basic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_Programming_Language" title="Microsoft Visual Programming Language">VPL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensible_Application_Markup_Language" title="Extensible Application Markup Language">XAML</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">APIs and<br />frameworks</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Native</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_API" title="Windows API">Windows API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Silverlight" title="Microsoft Silverlight">Silverlight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_XNA" title="Microsoft XNA">XNA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DirectX" title="DirectX">DirectX</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Managed_DirectX" title="Managed DirectX">Managed DirectX</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Windows_Platform" title="Universal Windows Platform">UWP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xbox_Development_Kit" title="Xbox Development Kit">Xbox Development Kit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Installer" title="Windows Installer">Windows Installer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WinUI" class="mw-redirect" title="WinUI">WinUI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/.NET" title=".NET">.NET</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ASP.NET</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Core" title="ASP.NET Core">Core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_AJAX" title="ASP.NET AJAX">AJAX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Dynamic_Data" title="ASP.NET Dynamic Data">Dynamic Data</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_MVC" title="ASP.NET MVC">MVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Razor" title="ASP.NET Razor">Razor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Web_Forms" title="ASP.NET Web Forms">Web Forms</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADO.NET" title="ADO.NET">ADO.NET</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Entity_Framework" title="Entity Framework">Entity Framework</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.NET_MAUI" class="mw-redirect" title=".NET MAUI">MAUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_CardSpace" title="Windows CardSpace">CardSpace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Communication_Foundation" title="Windows Communication Foundation">Communication Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Identity_Foundation" title="Windows Identity Foundation">Identity Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_Integrated_Query" title="Language Integrated Query">LINQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Presentation_Foundation" title="Windows Presentation Foundation">Presentation Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Workflow_Foundation" title="Windows Workflow Foundation">Workflow Foundation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Device_driver" title="Device driver">Device drivers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Driver_Kit" title="Windows Driver Kit">WDK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Driver_Frameworks" title="Windows Driver Frameworks">WDF</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kernel-Mode_Driver_Framework" title="Kernel-Mode Driver Framework">KMDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/User-Mode_Driver_Framework" title="User-Mode Driver Framework">UMDF</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Hardware_Lab_Kit" title="Windows Hardware Lab Kit">Windows HLK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Driver_Model" title="Windows Driver Model">WDM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Database</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_SQL_Server" title="Microsoft SQL Server">SQL Server</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SQL_Server_Express" title="SQL Server Express">Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SQL_Server_Compact" title="SQL Server Compact">Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SQL_Server_Management_Studio" title="SQL Server Management Studio">Management Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_Intelligence_Development_Studio" title="Business Intelligence Development Studio">Business Intelligence Development Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSDE" title="MSDE">MSDE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">SQL services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Analysis_Services" title="Microsoft Analysis Services">Analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SQL_Server_Reporting_Services" title="SQL Server Reporting Services">Reporting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SQL_Server_Integration_Services" title="SQL Server Integration Services">Integration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SQL_Server_Notification_Services" title="SQL Server Notification Services">Notification</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visual_FoxPro" title="Visual FoxPro">Visual FoxPro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Access" title="Microsoft Access">Microsoft Access</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Access_Database_Engine" title="Access Database Engine">Access Database Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensible_Storage_Engine" title="Extensible Storage Engine">Extensible Storage Engine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Source control</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Visual_SourceSafe" title="Microsoft Visual SourceSafe">Visual SourceSafe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azure_DevOps_Server#TFVC" title="Azure DevOps Server">Team Foundation Version Control</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Testing and<br />debugging</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CodeView" title="CodeView">CodeView</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OneFuzz" title="OneFuzz">OneFuzz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playwright_(software)" title="Playwright (software)">Playwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Script_Debugger" title="Microsoft Script Debugger">Script Debugger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WinDbg" title="WinDbg">WinDbg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XUnit.net" title="XUnit.net">xUnit.net</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Delivery</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Active_Setup" title="Active Setup">Active Setup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ClickOnce" title="ClickOnce">ClickOnce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Npm_(software)" class="mw-redirect" title="Npm (software)">npm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NuGet" title="NuGet">NuGet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vcpkg" title="Vcpkg">vcpkg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_Platform_Installer" title="Web Platform Installer">Web Platform Installer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Installer" title="Windows Installer">Windows Installer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WiX" title="WiX">WiX</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Package_Manager" title="Windows Package Manager">Windows Package Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Store" title="Microsoft Store">Microsoft Store</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Microsoft_FOSS" title="Template:Microsoft FOSS"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Microsoft_FOSS" title="Template talk:Microsoft FOSS"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Microsoft_FOSS" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Microsoft FOSS"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Microsoft_free_and_open-source_software_(FOSS)290" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> <a href="/wiki/Free_and_open-source_software" title="Free and open-source software">free and open-source software (FOSS)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overview</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_and_open_source" title="Microsoft and open source">Microsoft and open source</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shared_Source_Initiative" title="Shared Source Initiative">Shared Source Initiative</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Applications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3D_Movie_Maker" title="3D Movie Maker">3D Movie Maker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atom_(text_editor)" title="Atom (text editor)">Atom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conference_XP" title="Conference XP">Conference XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family.Show" title="Family.Show">Family.Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_Manager_(Windows)" class="mw-redirect" title="File Manager (Windows)">File Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Live_Writer" title="Open Live Writer">Open Live Writer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_PowerToys" title="Microsoft PowerToys">Microsoft PowerToys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Terminal" title="Windows Terminal">Terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Calculator" title="Windows Calculator">Windows Calculator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Console" title="Windows Console">Windows Console</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Package_Manager" title="Windows Package Manager">Windows Package Manager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WorldWide_Telescope" title="WorldWide Telescope">WorldWide Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XML_Notepad" title="XML Notepad">XML Notepad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video games</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegiance_(video_game)" title="Allegiance (video game)">Allegiance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Programming<br />languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bosque_(programming_language)" title="Bosque (programming language)">Bosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C_Sharp_(programming_language)" title="C Sharp (programming language)">C#</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dafny" title="Dafny">Dafny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F_Sharp_(programming_language)" title="F Sharp (programming language)">F#</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F*_(programming_language)" title="F* (programming language)">F*</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GW-BASIC" title="GW-BASIC">GW-BASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IronPython" title="IronPython">IronPython</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IronRuby" title="IronRuby">IronRuby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lean_(proof_assistant)" title="Lean (proof assistant)">Lean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P_(programming_language)" title="P (programming language)">P</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Power_Fx" title="Microsoft Power Fx">Power Fx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PowerShell" title="PowerShell">PowerShell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Verona" title="Project Verona">Project Verona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q_Sharp" title="Q Sharp">Q#</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Small_Basic" title="Microsoft Small Basic">Small Basic Online</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TypeScript" title="TypeScript">TypeScript</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_Basic_.NET" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual Basic .NET">Visual Basic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Frameworks,<br />development tools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.NET" title=".NET">.NET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET Framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.NET_Gadgeteer" title=".NET Gadgeteer">.NET Gadgeteer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.NET_MAUI" class="mw-redirect" title=".NET MAUI">.NET MAUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.NET_Micro_Framework" title=".NET Micro Framework">.NET Micro Framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AirSim" title="AirSim">AirSim</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ASP.NET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_AJAX" title="ASP.NET AJAX">ASP.NET AJAX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Core" title="ASP.NET Core">ASP.NET Core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_MVC" title="ASP.NET MVC">ASP.NET MVC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Razor" title="ASP.NET Razor">ASP.NET Razor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASP.NET_Web_Forms" title="ASP.NET Web Forms">ASP.NET Web Forms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avalonia_(software_framework)" title="Avalonia (software framework)">Avalonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babylon.js" title="Babylon.js">Babylon.js</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BitFunnel" title="BitFunnel">BitFunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blazor" title="Blazor">Blazor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%2B%2B/WinRT" title="C++/WinRT">C++/WinRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confidential_Consortium_Framework" title="Confidential Consortium Framework">CCF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakra_(JavaScript_engine)" title="Chakra (JavaScript engine)">ChakraCore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CLR_Profiler" title="CLR Profiler">CLR Profiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dapr" title="Dapr">Dapr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeepSpeed" title="DeepSpeed">DeepSpeed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DiskSpd" title="DiskSpd">DiskSpd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dryad_(programming)" title="Dryad (programming)">Dryad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Language_Runtime" title="Dynamic Language Runtime">Dynamic Language Runtime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EBPF_on_Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="EBPF on Windows">eBPF on Windows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electron_(software_framework)" title="Electron (software framework)">Electron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entity_Framework" title="Entity Framework">Entity Framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluent_Design_System" title="Fluent Design System">Fluent Design System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluid_Framework" title="Fluid Framework">Fluid Framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infer.NET" title="Infer.NET">Infer.NET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LightGBM" title="LightGBM">LightGBM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Managed_Extensibility_Framework" title="Managed Extensibility Framework">Managed Extensibility Framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Automatic_Graph_Layout" title="Microsoft Automatic Graph Layout">Microsoft Automatic Graph Layout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_C%2B%2B_Standard_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft C++ Standard Library">Microsoft C++ Standard Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Cognitive_Toolkit" title="Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit">Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_(design_language)" title="Metro (design language)">Microsoft Design Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Detours" title="Microsoft Detours">Microsoft Detours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Enterprise_Library" title="Microsoft Enterprise Library">Microsoft Enterprise Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_SEAL" title="Microsoft SEAL">Microsoft SEAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mimalloc" title="Mimalloc">mimalloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_Reality_Toolkit" title="Mixed Reality Toolkit">Mixed Reality Toolkit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ML.NET" title="ML.NET">ML.NET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mod_mono" title="Mod mono">mod_mono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mono_(software)" title="Mono (software)">Mono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MonoDevelop" title="MonoDevelop">MonoDevelop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MSBuild" title="MSBuild">MSBuild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MsQuic" title="MsQuic">MsQuic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neural_Network_Intelligence" title="Neural Network Intelligence">Neural Network Intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Npm" title="Npm">npm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NuGet" title="NuGet">NuGet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OneFuzz" title="OneFuzz">OneFuzz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Management_Infrastructure" title="Open Management Infrastructure">Open Management Infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Neural_Network_Exchange" title="Open Neural Network Exchange">Open Neural Network Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Service_Mesh" title="Open Service Mesh">Open Service Mesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_XML_SDK" class="mw-redirect" title="Open XML SDK">Open XML SDK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orleans_(software_framework)" title="Orleans (software framework)">Orleans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Playwright_(software)" title="Playwright (software)">Playwright</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ProcDump" title="ProcDump">ProcDump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Process_Monitor" title="Process Monitor">ProcMon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Python_Tools_for_Visual_Studio" title="Python Tools for Visual Studio">Python Tools for Visual Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R_Tools_for_Visual_Studio" title="R Tools for Visual Studio">R Tools for Visual Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RecursiveExtractor" class="mw-redirect" title="RecursiveExtractor">RecursiveExtractor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roslyn_(compiler)" title="Roslyn (compiler)">Roslyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandcastle_(software)" title="Sandcastle (software)">Sandcastle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SignalR" title="SignalR">SignalR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StyleCop" title="StyleCop">StyleCop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SVNBridge" title="SVNBridge">SVNBridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T2_Temporal_Prover" title="T2 Temporal Prover">T2 Temporal Prover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text_Template_Transformation_Toolkit" title="Text Template Transformation Toolkit">Text Template Transformation Toolkit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TLA%2B_Toolbox" class="mw-redirect" title="TLA+ Toolbox">TLA+ Toolbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U-Prove" title="U-Prove">U-Prove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vcpkg" title="Vcpkg">vcpkg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_File_System_for_Git" title="Virtual File System for Git">Virtual File System for Git</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voldemort_(distributed_data_store)" title="Voldemort (distributed data store)">Voldemort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VoTT" title="VoTT">VoTT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vowpal_Wabbit" title="Vowpal Wabbit">Vowpal Wabbit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_App_SDK" title="Windows App SDK">Windows App SDK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Communication_Foundation" title="Windows Communication Foundation">Windows Communication Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Driver_Frameworks" title="Windows Driver Frameworks">Windows Driver Frameworks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kernel-Mode_Driver_Framework" title="Kernel-Mode Driver Framework">KMDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/User-Mode_Driver_Framework" title="User-Mode Driver Framework">UMDF</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Forms" title="Windows Forms">Windows Forms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Presentation_Foundation" title="Windows Presentation Foundation">Windows Presentation Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Template_Library" title="Windows Template Library">Windows Template Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_UI_Library" title="Windows UI Library">Windows UI Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WinJS" title="WinJS">WinJS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WinObjC" class="mw-redirect" title="WinObjC">WinObjC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WiX" title="WiX">WiX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XDP_for_Windows" class="mw-redirect" title="XDP for Windows">XDP for Windows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XSP_(software)" title="XSP (software)">XSP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XUnit.net" title="XUnit.net">xUnit.net</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z3_Theorem_Prover" title="Z3 Theorem Prover">Z3 Theorem Prover</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operating systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS-DOS</a> (v1.25, v2.0 & v4.0)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrelfish_(operating_system)" title="Barrelfish (operating system)">Barrelfish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SONiC_(operating_system)" title="SONiC (operating system)">SONiC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azure_Linux" title="Azure Linux">Azure Linux</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ChronoZoom" title="ChronoZoom">ChronoZoom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extensible_Storage_Engine" title="Extensible Storage Engine">Extensible Storage Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FlexWiki" class="mw-redirect" title="FlexWiki">FlexWiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FourQ" title="FourQ">FourQ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gollum_(software)" title="Gollum (software)">Gollum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Mu" class="mw-redirect" title="Project Mu">Project Mu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ReactiveX" title="ReactiveX">ReactiveX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SILK" title="SILK">SILK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TLAPS" class="mw-redirect" title="TLAPS">TLAPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TPM_2.0_Reference_Implementation" class="mw-redirect" title="TPM 2.0 Reference Implementation">TPM 2.0 Reference Implementation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WikiBhasha" title="WikiBhasha">WikiBhasha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Open-source_license" title="Open-source license">Licenses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Public_License" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Public License">Microsoft Public License</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Reciprocal_License" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Reciprocal License">Microsoft Reciprocal License</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Forge_(software)" title="Forge (software)">Forges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CodePlex" title="CodePlex">CodePlex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.NET_Foundation" title=".NET Foundation">.NET Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F_Sharp_Software_Foundation" title="F Sharp Software Foundation">F# Software Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Open_Specification_Promise" title="Microsoft Open Specification Promise">Microsoft Open Specification Promise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Letter_to_Hobbyists" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Letter to Hobbyists">Open Letter to Hobbyists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Source_Security_Foundation" title="Open Source Security Foundation">Open Source Security Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outercurve_Foundation" title="Outercurve Foundation">Outercurve Foundation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Microsoft_free_software" title="Category:Microsoft free software">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Servant_(web_framework)" title="Servant (web framework)">Servant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snap_(web_framework)" title="Snap (web framework)">Snap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yesod_(web_framework)" title="Yesod (web framework)">Yesod</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Java_(software_platform)" title="Java (software platform)">Java</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AppFuse" title="AppFuse">AppFuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grails_(framework)" title="Grails (framework)">Grails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Web_Toolkit" title="Google Web Toolkit">GWT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ICEfaces" title="ICEfaces">ICEfaces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JHipster" title="JHipster">JHipster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWt_(Java_web_toolkit)" title="JWt (Java web toolkit)">JWt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakarta_Faces#JSF_and_Ajax" title="Jakarta Faces">Mojarra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Play_Framework" title="Play Framework">Play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_Application_Platform" title="Remote Application Platform">Remote Application Platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JBoss_Seam" title="JBoss Seam">Seam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Sling" title="Apache Sling">Sling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Framework#Model-view-controller_framework" title="Spring Framework">Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stripes_(framework)" title="Stripes (framework)">Stripes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Struts" title="Apache Struts">Struts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apache_Tapestry" title="Apache Tapestry">Tapestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaadin" title="Vaadin">Vaadin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vert.x" title="Vert.x">Vert.x</a></li> 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