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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerin_gwamnonin_mulkin_mallaka_na_Saint-Domingue" title="Jerin gwamnonin mulkin mallaka na Saint-Domingue – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Jerin gwamnonin mulkin mallaka na Saint-Domingue" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daftar_gubernur_kolonial_Haiti" title="Daftar gubernur kolonial Haiti – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Daftar gubernur kolonial Haiti" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governatori_di_Saint-Domingue" title="Governatori di Saint-Domingue – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Governatori di Saint-Domingue" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3250039#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p> Since 1659, <a href="/wiki/Saint-Domingue" title="Saint-Domingue">Saint-Domingue</a> (now the Republic of <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a>), was a French colony, recognized by Spain on September 20, 1697. From September 20, 1793, to October 1798 parts of the island were under British occupation.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governors_(1691-1714)"><span id="Governors_.281691-1714.29"></span>Governors (1691-1714)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_colonial_governors_of_Saint-Domingue&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Governors (1691-1714)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>October 1, 1691 - July 1700 <a href="/wiki/Jean_du_Casse" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean du Casse">Jean du Casse</a></li> <li>July 1700 - December 16, 1703 <a href="/wiki/Joseph_d%27Honon_de_Gallifet" title="Joseph d'Honon de Gallifet">Joseph d'Honon de Gallifet</a> (acting)</li> <li>December 16, 1703 - October 13, 1705 <a href="/wiki/Charles_Auger" title="Charles Auger">Charles Auger</a></li> <li>October 13, 1705 - December 28, 1707 <a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_de_Charitte" title="Jean-Pierre de Charitte">Jean-Pierre de Charitte</a> (acting)</li> <li>December 28, 1707 - 1710 <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Joseph,_comte_de_Choiseul-Beaupr%C3%A9" title="François-Joseph, comte de Choiseul-Beaupré">François-Joseph, comte de Choiseul-Beaupré</a></li> <li>1710 - February 7, 1711 <a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_de_Charitte" title="Jean-Pierre de Charitte">Jean-Pierre de Charitte</a> (2nd time)</li> <li>February 7, 1711 - May 24, 1711 <a href="/wiki/Laurent_de_Valernod" title="Laurent de Valernod">Laurent de Valernod</a></li> <li>May 24, 1711 - August 29, 1712 <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_de_Gabaret" title="Nicolas de Gabaret">Nicolas de Gabaret</a></li> <li>August 29, 1712 - 1713 <a href="/wiki/Paul-Fran%C3%A7ois_de_La_Grange,_comte_d%27Arquian" class="mw-redirect" title="Paul-François de La Grange, comte d'Arquian">Paul-François de La Grange, comte d'Arquian</a></li> <li>1713 - 1714 <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Courbon,_comte_de_Bl%C3%A9nac" title="Louis de Courbon, comte de Blénac">Louis de Courbon, comte de Blénac</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governors-General_(1714-1803)"><span id="Governors-General_.281714-1803.29"></span>Governors-General (1714-1803)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_colonial_governors_of_Saint-Domingue&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Governors-General (1714-1803)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>1714 - 11 Jan 1717 <a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Courbon,_comte_de_Bl%C3%A9nac" title="Louis de Courbon, comte de Blénac">Louis de Courbon, comte de Blénac</a></li> <li>January 11, 1717 - July 10, 1719 <a href="/wiki/Charles_Joubert_de_La_Bastide" title="Charles Joubert de La Bastide">Charles Joubert de La Bastide</a>, marquis de Châteaumorand</li> <li>10 Jul 1719 - 6 Dec 1723 <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_de_Sorel" title="Léon de Sorel">Léon de Sorel</a></li> <li>December 6, 1723 - October 8, 1731 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaspard-Charles_de_Gouss%C3%A9,_chevalier_de_La_Rochalar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaspard-Charles de Goussé, chevalier de La Rochalar (page does not exist)">Gaspard-Charles de Goussé, chevalier de La Rochalar</a></li> <li>October 8, 1731 - February 4, 1732 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antoine-Gabriel,_marquis_de_Vienne_de_Busserolles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antoine-Gabriel, marquis de Vienne de Busserolles (page does not exist)">Antoine-Gabriel, marquis de Vienne de Busserolles</a></li> <li>February 4, 1732 - October 8, 1732 <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Cochard_de_Chastenoye" title="Étienne Cochard de Chastenoye">Étienne Cochard de Chastenoye</a> (acting)</li> <li>October 8, 1732 - July 1737 <a href="/wiki/Pierre,_marquis_de_Fayet" title="Pierre, marquis de Fayet">Pierre, marquis de Fayet</a></li> <li>July 1737 - November 11, 1737 <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Cochard_de_Chastenoye" title="Étienne Cochard de Chastenoye">Étienne Cochard de Chastenoye</a> (2nd time) (acting)</li> <li>November 11, 1737 - November, 1746 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_de_Brunier,_marquis_de_Larnage&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles de Brunier, marquis de Larnage (page does not exist)">Charles de Brunier, marquis de Larnage</a></li> <li>November 19, 1746 - August 12, 1748 <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Cochard_de_Chastenoye" title="Étienne Cochard de Chastenoye">Étienne Cochard de Chastenoye</a> (3rd time) (acting)</li> <li>August 12, 1748 - March 29, 1751 <a href="/wiki/Hubert_de_Brienne" title="Hubert de Brienne">Hubert de Brienne-Conflans</a>, comte de Conflans</li> <li>March 29, 1751 - May 31, 1753 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emmanuel-Auguste_de_Cahideux_du_Bois_de_Lamothe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emmanuel-Auguste de Cahideux du Bois de Lamothe (page does not exist)">Emmanuel-Auguste de Cahideux du Bois de Lamothe</a></li> <li>May 31 - March 24, 1757 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph-Hyacinthe_de_Rigaud,_marquis_de_Vaudreuil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph-Hyacinthe de Rigaud, marquis de Vaudreuil (page does not exist)">Joseph-Hyacinthe de Rigaud, marquis de Vaudreuil</a></li> <li>March 24, 1757 - July 30, 1762 <a href="/wiki/Philippe-Fran%C3%A7ois_Bart" title="Philippe-François Bart">Philippe-François Bart</a></li> <li>July 30, 1762 - March 7, 1763 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel_de_Bory_de_Saint-Vincent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriel de Bory de Saint-Vincent (page does not exist)">Gabriel de Bory de Saint-Vincent</a></li> <li>March 7, 1763 - August 4, 1763 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Armand,_vicomte_de_Belzunce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Armand, vicomte de Belzunce (page does not exist)">Armand, vicomte de Belzunce</a></li> <li>August 4, 1763 - April 23, 1764 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre-Andr%C3%A9_de_Gohin,_comte_de_Montreuil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre-André de Gohin, comte de Montreuil (page does not exist)">Pierre-André de Gohin, comte de Montreuil</a> (acting)</li> <li>April 23, 1764 - July 1, 1766 <a href="/wiki/Charles_Henri_Hector_d%27Estaing" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Henri Hector d'Estaing">Charles Henri Hector d'Estaing</a></li> <li>July 1, 1766 - February 10, 1769 <a href="/wiki/Louis-Armand-Constantin_de_Rohan" title="Louis-Armand-Constantin de Rohan">Louis-Armand-Constantin de Rohan</a>, prince de Montbazon</li> <li>February 10, 1769 - January 15, 1772 <a href="/wiki/Pierre_G%C3%A9d%C3%A9on_de_Nolivos" title="Pierre Gédéon de Nolivos">Pierre Gédéon de Nolivos</a></li> <li>January 15, 1772 - April 30, 1772 De la Ferronays (acting)</li> <li>April 30, 1772 - April 15, 1775 <a href="/wiki/Louis-Florent_de_Valli%C3%A8re" title="Louis-Florent de Vallière">Louis-Florent de Vallière</a></li> <li>May 12, 1775 - August 16, 1775 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois,_comte_de_Reynaud_de_Villeverd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-François, comte de Reynaud de Villeverd (page does not exist)">Jean-François, comte de Reynaud de Villeverd</a> (acting)</li> <li>August 16, 1775 - December 13, 1776 <a href="/wiki/Victor-Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se_Charpentier" title="Victor-Thérèse Charpentier">Victor-Thérèse Charpentier</a></li> <li>December 28, 1776 - May 22, 1777 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Baptiste_de_Taste_de_Lilancour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Baptiste de Taste de Lilancour (page does not exist)">Jean-Baptiste de Taste de Lilancour</a> (acting)</li> <li>May 22, 1777 - March 7, 1780 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert,_comte_d%27Argout&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert, comte d'Argout (page does not exist)">Robert, comte d'Argout</a></li> <li>March 7, 1780 - April 25, 1780 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Baptiste_de_Taste_de_Lilancour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Baptiste de Taste de Lilancour (page does not exist)">Jean-Baptiste de Taste de Lilancour</a> (2nd time) (acting)</li> <li>April 25, 1780 - July 28, 1781 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois,_comte_de_Reynaud_de_Villeverd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-François, comte de Reynaud de Villeverd (page does not exist)">Jean-François, comte de Reynaud de Villeverd</a> (2nd time)</li> <li>July 28, 1781 - February 14, 1782 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Baptiste_de_Taste_de_Lilancour&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Baptiste de Taste de Lilancour (page does not exist)">Jean-Baptiste de Taste de Lilancour</a> (3rd time) (acting)</li> <li>February 14, 1782 - July 3, 1785 <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_de_Bellecombe" title="Guillaume de Bellecombe">Guillaume de Bellecombe</a></li> <li>July 3, 1785 - April 27, 1786 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gui-Pierre_de_Coustard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gui-Pierre de Coustard (page does not exist)">Gui-Pierre de Coustard</a> (acting)</li> <li>April 27, 1786 - November 1787 <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Henri,_comte_de_La_Luzerne" title="César Henri, comte de La Luzerne">César Henri, comte de La Luzerne</a></li> <li>November 1787 - December 22, 1788 <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_de_Vincent_de_Mazade" title="Alexandre de Vincent de Mazade">Alexandre de Vincent de Mazade</a> (acting)</li> <li>December 22, 1788 - 1789 <a href="/wiki/Marie-Charles_du_Chilleau" title="Marie-Charles du Chilleau">Marie-Charles du Chilleau</a></li> <li>1789 - August 19, 1789 <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_de_Vincent_de_Mazade" title="Alexandre de Vincent de Mazade">Alexandre de Vincent de Mazade</a> (2nd time) (acting)</li> <li>August 19, 1789 - November 1790 <a href="/wiki/Antoine_de_Thomassin_de_Peynier" title="Antoine de Thomassin de Peynier">Antoine de Thomassin de Peynier</a></li> <li>November 9, 1790 - 1792 <a href="/wiki/Philibert_Fran%C3%A7ois_Rouxel_de_Blanchelande" title="Philibert François Rouxel de Blanchelande">Philibert François Rouxel de Blanchelande</a></li> <li>1792 - Jun 1792 <a href="/wiki/Adrien-Nicolas_Pi%C3%A9defer,_marquis_de_La_Salle" title="Adrien-Nicolas Piédefer, marquis de La Salle">Adrien-Nicolas, marquis de la Salle</a>, comte d'Offémont</li> <li>Jun 1792 - October 21, 1792 <a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_d%27Esparbes" title="Jean-Jacques d'Esparbes">Jean-Jacques d'Esparbes</a></li> <li>October 21, 1792 - January 2, 1793 <a href="/wiki/Donatien-Marie-Joseph_de_Vimeur,_vicomte_de_Rochambeau" title="Donatien-Marie-Joseph de Vimeur, vicomte de Rochambeau">Donatien-Marie-Joseph de Vimeur, vicomte de Rochambeau</a></li> <li>January 2, 1793 - June 19, 1793 <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9ger-F%C3%A9licit%C3%A9_Sonthonax" title="Léger-Félicité Sonthonax">Léger-Félicité Sonthonax</a> (commissioner)</li> <li>June 19, 1793 - October 1793 <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Thomas_Galbaud_du_Fort" title="François-Thomas Galbaud du Fort">François-Thomas Galbaud du Fort</a></li> <li>October 1793 - May 11, 1796 <a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Maynaud_de_Bizefranc_de_Laveaux" title="Étienne Maynaud de Bizefranc de Laveaux">Étienne Maynaud de Bizefranc de Laveaux</a></li> <li>May 11, 1796 - August 24, 1797 <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9ger-F%C3%A9licit%C3%A9_Sonthonax" title="Léger-Félicité Sonthonax">Léger-Félicité Sonthonax</a> (2nd time) (commissioner)</li> <li>April 1, 1797 - May 5, 1802 <a href="/wiki/Toussaint_Louverture" title="Toussaint Louverture">Toussaint Louverture</a></li> <li>March 27, 1798 - October 23, 1798 <a href="/wiki/Gabriel,_comte_d%27H%C3%A9douville" title="Gabriel, comte d'Hédouville">Gabriel-Marie-Théodore-Joseph Hédouville</a> (commissioner)</li> <li>February 5, 1802 - November 2, 1802 <a href="/wiki/Charles_Leclerc_(general,_born_1772)" title="Charles Leclerc (general, born 1772)">Charles Leclerc</a></li> <li>November 2, 1802 - November 30, 1803 <a href="/wiki/Donatien-Marie-Joseph_de_Vimeur,_vicomte_de_Rochambeau" title="Donatien-Marie-Joseph de Vimeur, vicomte de Rochambeau">Donatien-Marie-Joseph de Vimeur, vicomte de Rochambeau</a> (2nd time)</li> <li>November 30, 1803 - December 31, 1803 <a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Dessalines" title="Jean-Jacques Dessalines">Jean-Jacques Dessalines</a></li></ol> <p>For continuation after independence, <i>see:</i> <a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Haiti" title="List of heads of state of Haiti">List of heads of state of Haiti</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="British_Governors_(1793-1798)"><span id="British_Governors_.281793-1798.29"></span>British Governors (1793-1798)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_colonial_governors_of_Saint-Domingue&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: British Governors (1793-1798)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>September 20, 1793 - October 1794 <a href="/wiki/John_Whitelocke" title="John Whitelocke">John Whitelocke</a></li> <li>October 1794 - October 1796 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_Williamson_(governor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adam Williamson (governor) (page does not exist)">Adam Williamson</a></li> <li>October 1796 - January 1797 <a href="/wiki/John_Graves_Simcoe" title="John Graves Simcoe">John Graves Simcoe</a></li> <li>January 1797 - March 1797 Nesbit</li> <li>March 1797 - October 1798 <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Maitland_(British_Army_officer)" title="Thomas Maitland (British Army officer)">Thomas Maitland</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_colonial_governors_of_Saint-Domingue&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Domingue" title="Saint-Domingue">Saint-Domingue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Haiti" title="History of Haiti">History of Haiti</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_colonial_governors_of_Saint-Domingue&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBob_Corbett2001" class="citation web cs1">Bob Corbett (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927174454/http://www.webster.edu/~corbetre/haiti-archive/msg09484.html">"<i>Haiti Rulers</i>"</a>. Webster University. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webster.edu/~corbetre/haiti-archive/msg09484.html">the original</a> on 2007-09-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2007-03-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Haiti+Rulers&rft.pub=Webster+University&rft.date=2001&rft.au=Bob+Corbett&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webster.edu%2F~corbetre%2Fhaiti-archive%2Fmsg09484.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+colonial+governors+of+Saint-Domingue" class="Z3988"></span> (actually taken from rulers.org!!!)</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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href="/wiki/Template:Haiti_topics" title="Template:Haiti topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Haiti_topics" title="Template talk:Haiti topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Haiti_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Haiti topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Haiti_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Haiti-related_articles" title="Index of Haiti-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Haiti" title="History of Haiti">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Haitian_history" title="Timeline of Haitian history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiefdoms_of_Hispaniola" title="Chiefdoms of Hispaniola">Taíno chiefdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Santo_Domingo" title="Captaincy General of Santo Domingo">Captaincy General of Santo Domingo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Santo_Domingo" title="List of colonial governors of Santo Domingo">Colonial governors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Atlantic slave trade">Atlantic slave trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Maroons" class="mw-redirect" title="Haitian Maroons">Maroons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Ryswick" title="Peace of Ryswick">Peace of Ryswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Domingue" title="Saint-Domingue">Saint-Domingue</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Colonial governors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_Haiti" title="Slavery in Haiti">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Jeune_Case" title="Le Jeune Case">Le Jeune Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Revolution" title="Haitian Revolution">Haitian Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1804_Haiti_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="1804 Haiti massacre">1804 massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Empire_of_Haiti" title="First Empire of Haiti">First Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Haiti" title="State of Haiti">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Haiti" title="Kingdom of Haiti">Kingdom</a></li> <li>Republic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Haiti_(1806%E2%80%931820)" title="Republic of Haiti (1806–1820)">1806–1820</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Haiti_(1820%E2%80%931849)" title="Republic of Haiti (1820–1849)">1820–1849</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_occupation_of_Santo_Domingo" title="Haitian occupation of Santo Domingo">Unification of Hispaniola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Empire_of_Haiti" title="Second Empire of Haiti">Second Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Haiti_(1859%E2%80%931957)" title="Republic of Haiti (1859–1957)">Post-imperial Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_occupation_of_Haiti" title="United States occupation of Haiti">U.S. occupation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duvalier_dynasty" title="Duvalier dynasty">Duvalier dynasty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Duvalier_protest_movement" title="Anti-Duvalier protest movement">Anti-Duvalier protest movement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Haitian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1991 Haitian coup d'état">1991 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Haitian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="2004 Haitian coup d'état">2004 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Haiti_earthquake" title="2010 Haiti earthquake">2010 earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010s_Haiti_cholera_outbreak" title="2010s Haiti cholera outbreak">2010s cholera outbreak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effects_of_Hurricane_Matthew_in_Haiti" title="Effects of Hurricane Matthew in Haiti">Hurricane Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_crisis_(2018%E2%80%93present)" title="Haitian crisis (2018–present)">Crisis (2018–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gang_war_in_Haiti" title="Gang war in Haiti">Gang war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Haitian_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Haitian crisis">2022 crisis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Haiti" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Haiti">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Haiti_earthquake" title="2021 Haiti earthquake">2021 earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_massacres_in_Haiti" title="List of massacres in Haiti">List of massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_revolutions_and_coups_d%27%C3%A9tat_in_Haiti" title="List of revolutions and coups d'état in Haiti">List of revolutions and coups d'état</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Haiti" title="Geography of Haiti">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Haiti" title="Administrative divisions of Haiti">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissements_of_Haiti" title="Arrondissements of Haiti">Arrondissements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic%E2%80%93Haiti_border" title="Dominican Republic–Haiti border">Border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Haiti" title="List of cities in Haiti">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deforestation_in_Haiti" title="Deforestation in Haiti">Deforestation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Departments_of_Haiti" title="Departments of Haiti">Departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Haiti" title="List of earthquakes in Haiti">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_Haiti" title="Environment of Haiti">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispaniola" title="Hispaniola">Hispaniola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Haiti" title="List of islands of Haiti">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Haiti" title="List of national parks of Haiti">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Haiti" title="List of rivers of Haiti">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Haiti" title="Wildlife of Haiti">Wildlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Caribbean" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Caribbean">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Haiti" title="Politics of Haiti">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Haiti" title="Constitution of Haiti">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Haiti" title="Elections in Haiti">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Haiti" title="Foreign relations of Haiti">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Haiti" title="Government of Haiti">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Haiti" title="Human rights in Haiti">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Haiti" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Haiti">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Haiti" title="Law enforcement in Haiti">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Haiti" title="Armed Forces of Haiti">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders-in-chief_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Haiti" title="List of commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti">Commanders-in-chief</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Haiti)" title="National Assembly (Haiti)">Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Haiti)" title="Senate (Haiti)">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Haiti)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Haiti)">Chamber of Deputies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Haiti" class="mw-redirect" title="List of political parties in Haiti">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Haiti" title="President of Haiti">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Haiti" title="List of heads of state of Haiti">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Haiti" title="Prime Minister of Haiti">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Haiti" title="List of prime ministers of Haiti">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Haiti" title="Supreme Court of Haiti">Supreme Court</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Haiti" title="Economy of Haiti">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Haiti" title="Agriculture in Haiti">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_the_Republic_of_Haiti" title="Bank of the Republic of Haiti">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/External_debt_of_Haiti" title="External debt of Haiti">External debt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_aid_to_Haiti" title="Foreign aid to Haiti">Foreign aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_gourde" title="Haitian gourde">Gourde <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Haiti" title="Poverty in Haiti">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Haiti" title="Telecommunications in Haiti">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Haiti" title="Tourism in Haiti">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Haiti" title="Transport in Haiti">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Haiti" title="Category:Society of Haiti">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Haiti" title="Crime in Haiti">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Haiti" title="Demographics of Haiti">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Haiti" title="Education in Haiti">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ethnic_groups_in_Haiti" title="Category:Ethnic groups in Haiti">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Haiti" title="Health in Haiti">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Haiti" title="Religion in Haiti">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Haitians" title="List of Haitians">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_Haiti" title="Social class in Haiti">Social class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Haiti" title="Squatting in Haiti">Squatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Haiti" title="Water supply and sanitation in Haiti">Water and sanitation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Haiti" title="Culture of Haiti">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_art" title="Haitian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Haiti" title="Coat of arms of Haiti">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Haiti" title="Cinema of Haiti">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citadelle_Laferri%C3%A8re" title="Citadelle Laferrière">Citadelle Laferrière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_cuisine" title="Haitian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Haiti" title="Flag of Haiti">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Haiti" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Haiti">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Creole" title="Haitian Creole">Haitian Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_French" title="Haitian French">Haitian French</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_literature" title="Haitian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Haiti" title="Mass media in Haiti">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Haiti" title="Music of Haiti">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_mythology" title="Haitian mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Dessalinienne" title="La Dessalinienne">National anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sans-Souci_Palace" title="Sans-Souci Palace">Sans-Souci Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Haiti" title="Public holidays in Haiti">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Haiti" title="Television in Haiti">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Marron_Inconnu" title="Le Marron Inconnu">The Unknown Maroon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Haiti" title="Outline of Haiti">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Haiti-related_articles" title="Index of Haiti-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Haiti" title="Category:Haiti">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Haiti" title="Portal:Haiti">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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