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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Peak_of_insurgency_(2000s)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Peak of insurgency (2000s)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Peak_of_insurgency_(2000s)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Counter-action_and_decline_(2010s–present)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Counter-action_and_decline_(2010s–present)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Counter-action and decline (2010s–present)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Counter-action_and_decline_(2010s–present)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Government response</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government_response-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government response subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Infrastructure_and_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure_and_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Infrastructure and development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure_and_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Security" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Security"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Security</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Security-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Militia_and_vigilante_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Militia_and_vigilante_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Militia and vigilante groups</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Militia_and_vigilante_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Casualties" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Casualties"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Casualties</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Casualties-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Naxalite–Maoist insurgency</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another 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Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A" title="العصيان الماوي-الناكسالي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="العصيان الماوي-الناكسالي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurg%C3%A8ncia_naxalita" title="Insurgència naxalita – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Insurgència naxalita" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalitenaufstand" title="Naxalitenaufstand – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Naxalitenaufstand" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurgencia_naxalita" title="Insurgencia naxalita – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Insurgencia naxalita" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9bellion_naxalite" title="Rébellion naxalite – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rébellion naxalite" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%AF-%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B5%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF" title="ನಕ್ಸಲೀಯ-ಮಾವೋವಾದಿ ಬಂಡಾಯ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ನಕ್ಸಲೀಯ-ಮಾವೋವಾದಿ ಬಂಡಾಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalita_felkel%C3%A9s" title="Naxalita felkelés – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Naxalita felkelés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8" title="नक्सलवादी आन्दोलन – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="नक्सलवादी आन्दोलन" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindiston_maochilar_isyoni" title="Hindiston maochilar isyoni – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Hindiston maochilar isyoni" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80-%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%A4" title="ਨਕਸਲੀ-ਮਾਓਵਾਦੀ ਬਗਾਵਤ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਕਸਲੀ-ਮਾਓਵਾਦੀ ਬਗਾਵਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%88%DA%86_%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%B9_%E2%80%93_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A4_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B4" title="بھارت وچ نکسلائٹ – ماؤ نواز شورش – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بھارت وچ نکسلائٹ – ماؤ نواز شورش" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Powstanie_maoistowskie_w_Indiach" title="Powstanie maoistowskie w Indiach – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Powstanie maoistowskie w Indiach" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insurg%C3%AAncia_Naxalita" title="Insurgência Naxalita – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Insurgência Naxalita" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%B2_%D0%98%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Маоистское восстание в Индии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Маоистское восстание в Индии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency" title="Naxalite–Maoist insurgency – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Naxalite–Maoist insurgency" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naxalbariupproret" title="Naxalbariupproret – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Naxalbariupproret" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81-%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF" title="நக்சலைட்டு-மவோயிஸ்ட் கிளர்ச்சி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நக்சலைட்டு-மவோயிஸ்ட் கிளர்ச்சி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naksalit-Maoist_%C4%B0syan%C4%B1" title="Naksalit-Maoist İsyanı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Naksalit-Maoist İsyanı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%BA_%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%B9_%E2%80%93_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A4_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B4" title="بھارت میں نکسلائٹ – ماؤ نواز شورش – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بھارت میں نکسلائٹ – ماؤ نواز شورش" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E8%96%A9%E7%88%BE%E6%AF%9B%E6%B4%BE%E5%8F%9B%E4%BA%82" title="納薩爾毛派叛亂 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="納薩爾毛派叛亂" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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.status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-clear-right"><div><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Naxalite–Maoist insurgency</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_of_India_2018.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_of_India_2018.svg/300px-Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_of_India_2018.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="338" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_of_India_2018.svg/450px-Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_of_India_2018.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_of_India_2018.svg/600px-Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_of_India_2018.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1649" data-file-height="1858" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Red_Corridor" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Corridor">Red Corridor</a>–Naxalite active zones in 2018</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>18 May 1967<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1967-05-18</span>)</span> – present<br />(57 years, 6 months and 4 days)</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location">India</div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Status</th><td class="status"> <p><a href="/wiki/List_of_ongoing_armed_conflicts" title="List of ongoing armed conflicts">Ongoing as a low level insurgency</a> </p> <ul><li>India successfully manages to reduce insurgent activity<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Indian_Armed_Forces.svg/23px-Indian_Armed_Forces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Indian_Armed_Forces.svg/35px-Indian_Armed_Forces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Indian_Armed_Forces.svg/45px-Indian_Armed_Forces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Indian_Armed_Forces" title="Indian Armed Forces">Indian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/CRPF_Flag.svg/23px-CRPF_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/CRPF_Flag.svg/35px-CRPF_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/CRPF_Flag.svg/45px-CRPF_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="267" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Central_Reserve_Police_Force" title="Central Reserve Police Force">CRPF</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/BSF_Flag.svg/23px-BSF_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/BSF_Flag.svg/35px-BSF_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/BSF_Flag.svg/45px-BSF_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="267" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Border_Security_Force" title="Border Security Force">Border Security Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Armed_Police_Forces" title="State Armed Police Forces">State Armed Police Forces</a></li></ul> <hr /> <p><b>Militias:</b> (until 2011)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tritiya_Prastuti_Committee" title="Tritiya Prastuti Committee">Tritiya Prastuti Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salwa_Judum" title="Salwa Judum">Salwa Judum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunlight_Sena" title="Sunlight Sena">Sunlight Sena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuer_Sena" title="Kuer Sena">Kuer Sena</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranvir_Sena" title="Ranvir Sena">Ranvir Sena</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhumi_Sena" title="Bhumi Sena">Bhumi Sena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorik_Sena" title="Lorik Sena">Lorik Sena</a></li></ul></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <b>Naxalites:</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Maoist)" title="Communist Party of India (Maoist)">CPI (Maoist)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Guerrilla_Army_(India)" title="People's Liberation Guerrilla Army (India)">PLGA</a></li></ul></li> <li>Jharkhand Janmukti Parishad<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>People's Liberation Front of India<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Revolutionary Communist Centre<br />(2006–2019)<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Odisha Maobadi Party <br />(2002–2015)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CPIML_LIBERATION_FLAG.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/CPIML_LIBERATION_FLAG.png/25px-CPIML_LIBERATION_FLAG.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/CPIML_LIBERATION_FLAG.png/38px-CPIML_LIBERATION_FLAG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/CPIML_LIBERATION_FLAG.png/50px-CPIML_LIBERATION_FLAG.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_Liberation" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation">CPIML Liberation</a> (1974–1992) <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lal_sena.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Lal_sena.jpg/25px-Lal_sena.jpg" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Lal_sena.jpg/38px-Lal_sena.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Lal_sena.jpg/50px-Lal_sena.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="854" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Lal_Sena" title="Lal Sena">Lal Sena</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_Janashakti" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Janashakti">CPIML Janashakti</a> (1992–2013, merged into CPI(ML) Class Struggle)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_United_States_of_India" title="Communist Party of United States of India">CPUSI</a><br />(1997–2005)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_New_Democracy" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) New Democracy">CPIML ND</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/25px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/38px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/50px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_(Mahadev_Mukherjee)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) (Mahadev Mukherjee)">CPIML MM</a><br />(Until 2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhil_Bharat_Nepali_Ekta_Samaj" title="Akhil Bharat Nepali Ekta Samaj">ABNES</a> (until 2002)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_TNLA.png/23px-Flag_of_TNLA.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_TNLA.png/35px-Flag_of_TNLA.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_TNLA.png/46px-Flag_of_TNLA.png 2x" data-file-width="1136" data-file-height="708" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Liberation_Army" title="Tamil Nadu Liberation Army">TNLA</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />(until 2005)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>Supported by:</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_United_Liberation_Front_of_Asom.svg/23px-Flag_of_United_Liberation_Front_of_Asom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_United_Liberation_Front_of_Asom.svg/35px-Flag_of_United_Liberation_Front_of_Asom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Flag_of_United_Liberation_Front_of_Asom.svg/45px-Flag_of_United_Liberation_Front_of_Asom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/United_Liberation_Front_of_Assam" class="mw-redirect" title="United Liberation Front of Assam">ULFA</a><sup id="cite_ref-Strat_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strat-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Unofficial_flag_of_Nagaland.svg/23px-Unofficial_flag_of_Nagaland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Unofficial_flag_of_Nagaland.svg/35px-Unofficial_flag_of_Nagaland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Unofficial_flag_of_Nagaland.svg/45px-Unofficial_flag_of_Nagaland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="570" data-file-height="378" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/National_Socialist_Council_of_Nagaland" title="National Socialist Council of Nagaland">NSCN</a><sup id="cite_ref-Strat_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strat-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Bandera_FPRM_Manipur.png/23px-Bandera_FPRM_Manipur.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Bandera_FPRM_Manipur.png/35px-Bandera_FPRM_Manipur.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Bandera_FPRM_Manipur.png/45px-Bandera_FPRM_Manipur.png 2x" data-file-width="326" data-file-height="217" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_of_Manipur" title="People's Liberation Army of Manipur">PLA-MP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoist_Communist_Party_of_Manipur" title="Maoist Communist Party of Manipur">MCPM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangleipak_Communist_Party" title="Kangleipak Communist Party">KCP</a></li></ul> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><i>Declared support:</i> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/ICL_English.png/23px-ICL_English.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/ICL_English.png/35px-ICL_English.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/ICL_English.png/45px-ICL_English.png 2x" data-file-width="1135" data-file-height="755" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/International_Communist_League_(Maoist)" title="International Communist League (Maoist)">International Communist League</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Nepal_(Maoist)_(2012)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (2012)">CPN (Maoist)</a> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Nepal_%28Maoist%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Nepal_%28Maoist%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Nepal_%28Maoist%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Nepal_%28Maoist%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Nepal_%28Maoist%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Nepal_%28Maoist%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Nepal_(Maoist)_(2014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist) (2014)">CPN (Maoist) (2014)</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Philippines_%28alternative_II%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Philippines_%28alternative_II%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Philippines_%28alternative_II%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Philippines_%28alternative_II%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Philippines_%28alternative_II%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Philippines_%28alternative_II%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/New_People%27s_Army" title="New People's Army">NPA</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Purba_Banglar_Sarbahara_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Purba Banglar Sarbahara Party">PBSP</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />(until 2021) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Purbo_Banglar_Communist_Party" title="Purbo Banglar Communist Party">PBCP</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />(until 2021) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Centre_of_Indian_Communists" title="Centre of Indian Communists">CIC</a> (until 1977) </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ceylon_Communist_Party_(Maoist)" title="Ceylon Communist Party (Maoist)">CCP (Maoist)</a> (until 1976)<sup id="cite_ref-naxalite_movement_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-naxalite_movement-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Droupadi_Murmu" title="Droupadi Murmu">Droupadi Murmu</a> <br />(<a href="/wiki/President_of_India" title="President of India">President</a>)<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Narendra_Modi" title="Narendra Modi">Narendra Modi</a> <br />(<a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">Prime Minister</a>)<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Amit_Shah" title="Amit Shah">Amit Shah</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Home_Affairs_(India)" title="Minister of Home Affairs (India)">Minister of Home Affairs</a>)<br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/CRPF_Flag.svg/23px-CRPF_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/CRPF_Flag.svg/35px-CRPF_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/CRPF_Flag.svg/45px-CRPF_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="267" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rajeev_Rai_Bhatnagar" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajeev Rai Bhatnagar">Rajeev Rai Bhatnagar</a> <br /> (<a href="/wiki/Director_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Director General">Director General</a>)<br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/CRPF_Flag.svg/23px-CRPF_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/CRPF_Flag.svg/35px-CRPF_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/CRPF_Flag.svg/45px-CRPF_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="267" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Pranay_Sahay" title="Pranay Sahay">Pranay Sahay</a> <br /> (<a href="/wiki/Director_General" class="mw-redirect" title="Director General">Former Director General</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <hr /> <p><a href="/wiki/Mahendra_Karma" title="Mahendra Karma">Mahendra Karma</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a> <br /> (Leader of Salwa Judum) <br /> </p> <a href="/wiki/Brahmeshwar_Singh" title="Brahmeshwar Singh">Brahmeshwar Singh</a> <a href="/wiki/Assassination" title="Assassination"><b>X</b></a><br />(Leader of Ranvir Sena)</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Charu_Majumdar" title="Charu Majumdar">Charu Majumdar</a> <a href="/wiki/Death_by_natural_causes" class="mw-redirect" title="Death by natural causes"><b>#</b></a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jangal_Santhal" title="Jangal Santhal">Jangal Santhal</a> <a href="/wiki/Death_by_natural_causes" class="mw-redirect" title="Death by natural causes"><b>#</b></a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kanu_Sanyal" title="Kanu Sanyal">Kanu Sanyal</a> <a href="/wiki/Death_by_natural_causes" class="mw-redirect" title="Death by natural causes"><b>#</b></a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sabyasachi_Panda" title="Sabyasachi Panda">Sabyasachi Panda</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war"><abbr title="Prisoner of war">POW</abbr></a>)<br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Muppala_Lakshmana_Rao" class="mw-redirect" title="Muppala Lakshmana Rao"> Lakshmana Rao</a><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nambala_Keshava_Rao" title="Nambala Keshava Rao"> Keshava Rao</a><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Azad_(Maoist)" title="Azad (Maoist)">Cherukuri Rajkumar</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Anand_(Maoist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anand (Maoist)">Katakam Sudarsan</a> <a href="/wiki/Death_by_natural_causes" class="mw-redirect" title="Death by natural causes"><b>#</b></a><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kondapalli_Seetharamaiah" title="Kondapalli Seetharamaiah">Kondapalli Seetharamaiah</a> <a href="/wiki/Death_by_natural_causes" class="mw-redirect" title="Death by natural causes"><b>#</b></a><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kosa_(Maoist)" title="Kosa (Maoist)">Satyanarayana Reddy</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kishenji" title="Kishenji">Koteswara Rao</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Prashant_Bose" title="Prashant Bose">Prashant Bose</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war"><abbr title="Prisoner of war">POW</abbr></a>)<br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ashutosh_Tudu" title="Ashutosh Tudu">Ashutosh Tudu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war"><abbr title="Prisoner of war">POW</abbr></a>)<br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Yalavarthi_Naveen_Babu" title="Yalavarthi Naveen Babu">Naveen Babu</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Narmada_Akka" title="Narmada Akka">Narmada Akka</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Deo_Kumar_Singh" title="Deo Kumar Singh">Deo Kumar Singh</a> <a href="/wiki/Death_by_natural_causes" class="mw-redirect" title="Death by natural causes"><b>#</b></a><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Milind_Teltumbde" title="Milind Teltumbde">Milind Teltumbde</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jagdish_Mahto" title="Jagdish Mahto">Jagdish Mahto</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ravindra_Singh_Kushwaha" title="Ravindra Singh Kushwaha">Ravindra Kuswaha</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war"><abbr title="Prisoner of war">POW</abbr></a>)<br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mahendar_Prasad_Singh" title="Mahendar Prasad Singh">Mahendar Singh</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br /> </p> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/23px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/35px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg/45px-South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Shankar_Rao_(Maoist_leader)" title="Shankar Rao (Maoist leader)">Shankar Rao</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/CRPF_Flag.svg/23px-CRPF_Flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/CRPF_Flag.svg/35px-CRPF_Flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/CRPF_Flag.svg/45px-CRPF_Flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="267" /></span></span></span> CRPF: 313,634 </p> State Armed Forces :1,289,900</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 10,000–20,000 members (2009–2010 estimate)<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />6,500–9,500 insurgents (2013 estimate)<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <b>2000–2024:</b><br /> 2,688 killed<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <b>2000–2024:</b><br />4,515 killed<br />16,901 Surrendered <br />16,394 Arrested<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-top:1px dotted #aaa;"> <b>1996–2018:</b> 12,877–14,369 killed overall<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-justicegov_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-justicegov-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><b>2000–2024:</b> 4,032 civilians killed<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Naxalite_insurgency" title="Template:Campaignbox Naxalite insurgency"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Naxalite_insurgency" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Naxalite insurgency"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Naxalite_insurgency" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Naxalite insurgency"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Naxalite–Maoist_insurgency" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><span style="font-size:91%;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span class="wrap">Naxalite–Maoist insurgency</span></a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency" title="Timeline of the Naxalite–Maoist insurgency">Timeline</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bara_massacre" title="Bara massacre">Bara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafiganj_train_wreck" title="Rafiganj train wreck">Rafiganj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Lahsuna_massacre" title="2004 Lahsuna massacre">Lahsuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balimela_reservoir_boat_attack" title="Balimela reservoir boat attack">Balimela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Lalgarh" title="Operation Lalgarh">Lalgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajnandgaon_ambush" title="Rajnandgaon ambush">Rajnandgaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Green_Hunt" title="Operation Green Hunt"><i>Green Hunt</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silda_camp_attack" title="Silda camp attack">Silda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnaneswari_Express_train_derailment" title="Jnaneswari Express train derailment">Jnaneswari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2010_Maoist_attack_in_Dantewada" title="April 2010 Maoist attack in Dantewada">Dantewada (1st)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Dantewada_bus_bombing" title="2010 Dantewada bus bombing">Dantewada (2nd)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Naxal_attack_in_Darbha_valley" title="2013 Naxal attack in Darbha valley">Darbha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Chhattisgarh_attack" title="2014 Chhattisgarh attack">Chhattisgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Sukma_attack" title="2017 Sukma attack">Sukma (1st)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Sukma_attack" title="2018 Sukma attack">Sukma (2nd)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadchiroli_Naxal_bombing" title="Gadchiroli Naxal bombing">Gadchiroli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Sukma%E2%80%94Bijapur_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 Sukma—Bijapur attack">Sukma-Bujapur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Dantewada_bombing" title="2023 Dantewada bombing">Dantewada (3rd)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Kanker_clash" title="2024 Kanker clash">Kanker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Abujhmarh_clash" title="2024 Abujhmarh clash">Abujhmarh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Internal_conflicts_in_India" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Internal_conflicts_in_India" title="Template:Campaignbox Internal conflicts in India"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Internal_conflicts_in_India" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Internal conflicts in India"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Internal_conflicts_in_India" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Internal conflicts in India"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Internal_conflicts_in_India" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em">Internal conflicts in India</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caste-related_violence_in_India" title="Caste-related violence in India">Caste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_violence_in_India" title="Religious violence in India">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Northeast_India" title="Insurgency in Northeast India">Northeast India</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Naxalite–Maoist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir">Jammu and Kashmir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div> <p>The <b>Naxalite–Maoist insurgency</b> is part of an ongoing conflict between <a href="/wiki/Left-wing_terrorism" title="Left-wing terrorism">left-wing extremist</a> groups and the <a href="/wiki/Indian_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian government">Indian government</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Naxalites" class="mw-redirect" title="Naxalites">Naxalites</a> are a group of <a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">communist</a> supportive groups, who often follow <a href="/wiki/Maoist" class="mw-redirect" title="Maoist">Maoist</a> political sentiment and ideology. </p><p>The insurgency started after the <a href="/wiki/Naxalbari_uprising" title="Naxalbari uprising">1967 Naxalbari uprising</a> and the subsequent split of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">Communist Party of India (Marxist)</a> leading to the creation of a <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)">Marxist–Leninist faction</a>. The faction splintered into various groups supportive of Maoist ideology, claiming to fight a rural rebellion and <a href="/wiki/People%27s_war" title="People's war">people's war</a> against the government. </p><p>The armed wing of the Maoists is called the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Guerrilla_Army_(India)" title="People's Liberation Guerrilla Army (India)">People's Liberation Guerrilla Army</a>, mostly equipped with <a href="/wiki/Small_arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Small arms">small arms</a>. They have conducted multiple attacks on the security forces and government workers, which have resulted in the deaths of more than 4000 civilians and 2500 security force personnel since the 2000s. The influence zone of the Naxalites is called the <a href="/wiki/Red_corridor" title="Red corridor">red corridor</a>, which consists of about 25 <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Districts of India">districts</a> in <a href="/wiki/Central_India" title="Central India">Central</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_India" title="East India">East India</a> in 2021. </p><p>The insurgency reached its peak in the late 2000s with almost 180 affected districts and has been on the decline since then due to the counter-insurgency actions and development plans formulated by the Indian government. Naxalite organisations and groups have been declared as terrorist organisations under the <a href="/wiki/Unlawful_Activities_(Prevention)_Act_of_India_(1967)" class="mw-redirect" title="Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act of India (1967)">Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act of India (1967)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link 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0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Maoism" title="Category:Maoism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:200%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0.4em 0 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Maoflag1.svg/100px-Maoflag1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Maoflag1.svg/150px-Maoflag1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Maoflag1.svg/200px-Maoflag1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="493" data-file-height="401" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agrarian_socialism" title="Agrarian socialism">Agrarian socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antagonistic_contradiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Antagonistic contradiction">Antagonistic contradiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-revisionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-revisionism">Anti-revisionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capitalist_roader" title="Capitalist roader">Capitalist roader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprador" title="Comprador">Comprador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuous_revolution_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Continuous revolution theory">Continuous revolution theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Four_Olds" title="Four Olds">Four Olds</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_line" title="Mass line">Mass line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newborn_socialist_things" title="Newborn socialist things">Newborn socialist things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Democracy" title="New Democracy">New Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One_Divides_into_Two" title="One Divides into Two">One Divides into Two</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_war" title="People's war">People's war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Probable_defeat" title="Probable defeat">Probable defeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_nation#Use_in_Maoism" title="Proletarian nation">Proletarian nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_base_area" title="Revolutionary base area">Revolutionary base area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seek_truth_from_facts" title="Seek truth from facts">Seek truth from facts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-criticism_(Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-criticism (Marxism–Leninism)">Self-criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_imperialism" title="Social imperialism">Social imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Worlds_Theory" title="Three Worlds Theory">Three Worlds Theory</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Variants</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maoism%E2%80%93Third_Worldism" title="Maoism–Third Worldism">Maoism–Third Worldism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao-spontex" title="Mao-spontex">Mao-spontex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%E2%80%93Maoism" title="Marxism–Leninism–Maoism">Marxism–Leninism–Maoism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Thought" title="Gonzalo Thought">Gonzalo Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%E2%80%93Maoism%E2%80%93Prachanda_Path" title="Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path">Prachanda Path</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">People</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faiz_Ahmad" title="Faiz Ahmad">Faiz Ahmad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Althusser" title="Louis Althusser">Louis Althusser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samir_Amin" title="Samir Amin">Samir Amin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Avakian" title="Bob Avakian">Bob Avakian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Badiou" title="Alain Badiou">Alain Badiou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohan_Baidya" title="Mohan Baidya">Mohan Baidya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afzal_Bangash" title="Afzal Bangash">Afzal Bangash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Bettelheim" title="Charles Bettelheim">Charles Bettelheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biplav" title="Biplav">Biplav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo_Xilai" title="Bo Xilai">Bo Xilai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Boda" title="Chen Boda">Chen Boda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chin_Peng" title="Chin Peng">Chin Peng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushpa_Kamal_Dahal" title="Pushpa Kamal Dahal">Pushpa Kamal Dahal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saroj_Dutta" title="Saroj Dutta">Saroj Dutta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norm_Gallagher" title="Norm Gallagher">Norm Gallagher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abimael_Guzm%C3%A1n" title="Abimael Guzmán">Abimael Guzmán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Haywood" title="Harry Haywood">Harry Haywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Hill_(Australian_communist)" title="Ted Hill (Australian communist)">Ted Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Jackson_(activist)" title="George Jackson (activist)">George Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0brahim_Kaypakkaya" title="İbrahim Kaypakkaya">İbrahim Kaypakkaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Qing" title="Jiang Qing">Jiang Qing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Sheng" title="Kang Sheng">Kang Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Li_Minqi" title="Li Minqi">Li Minqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lin_Biao" title="Lin Biao">Lin Biao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charu_Majumdar" title="Charu Majumdar">Charu Majumdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Mulele" title="Pierre Mulele">Pierre Mulele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huey_P._Newton" title="Huey P. Newton">Huey P. Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nie_Yuanzi" title="Nie Yuanzi">Nie Yuanzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qi_Benyu" title="Qi Benyu">Qi Benyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganapathy_(Maoist)" title="Ganapathy (Maoist)">Muppala Lakshmana Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narayan_Sanyal_(politician)" title="Narayan Sanyal (politician)">Narayan Sanyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siraj_Sikder" title="Siraj Sikder">Siraj Sikder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_Maria_Sison" title="Jose Maria Sison">Jose Maria Sison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Hongwen" title="Wang Hongwen">Wang Hongwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yao_Wenyuan" title="Yao Wenyuan">Yao Wenyuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akram_Yari" title="Akram Yari">Akram Yari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Chunqiao" title="Zhang Chunqiao">Zhang Chunqiao</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Theoretical works</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="font-style:italic;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Report_on_an_Investigation_of_the_Peasant_Movement_in_Hunan" title="Report on an Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan">Report on an Investigation of the Peasant<br />Movement in Hunan</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1927)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_Contradiction" title="On Contradiction">On Contradiction</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1937)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_Practice" title="On Practice">On Practice</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1937)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_Guerrilla_Warfare" class="mw-redirect" title="On Guerrilla Warfare">On Guerrilla Warfare</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1937)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_Protracted_War" title="On Protracted War">On Protracted War</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1938)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten_Major_Relationships" title="Ten Major Relationships">On the Ten Major Relationships</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1956)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Correct_Handling_of_Contradictions_Among_the_People" title="On the Correct Handling of Contradictions Among the People">On the Correct Handling of Contradictions<br />Among the People</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1957)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Critique_of_Soviet_Economics" title="A Critique of Soviet Economics">A Critique of Soviet Economics</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1960)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quotations_from_Chairman_Mao_Tse-tung" title="Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung">Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1964)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Eight_Documents" title="Historic Eight Documents">Historic Eight Documents</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1965—1966)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombard_the_Headquarters" title="Bombard the Headquarters">Bombard the Headquarters</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1966)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Settlers:_The_Mythology_of_the_White_Proletariat" title="Settlers: The Mythology of the White Proletariat">Settlers: The Mythology of the White Proletariat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1983)</span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Soviet_Republic" title="Chinese Soviet Republic">Chinese Soviet Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jiangxi_Soviet" title="Jiangxi Soviet">Jiangxi Soviet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March" title="Long March">Long March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Revolution" title="Chinese Communist Revolution">Chinese Communist Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="History of the People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1949%E2%80%931976)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (1949–1976)">1949–1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1976%E2%80%931989)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (1976–1989)">1976–1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1989%E2%80%932002)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (1989–2002)">1989–2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(2002%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (2002–present)">2002–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campaign_to_Suppress_Counterrevolutionaries" title="Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries">Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Soviet_split" title="Sino-Soviet split">Sino-Soviet split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Leap_Forward" title="Great Leap Forward">Great Leap Forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Power_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Power movement">Black Power movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/16_May_Notification" title="16 May Notification">16 May Notification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_August" title="Red August">Red August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_Storm" title="January Storm">January Storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Down_to_the_Countryside_Movement" title="Down to the Countryside Movement">Down to the Countryside Movement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Communist_movement" title="New Communist movement">New Communist movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Civil_War" title="Cambodian Civil War">Cambodian Civil War</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Naxalite–Maoist insurgency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naxalbari_uprising" title="Naxalbari uprising">Naxalbari uprising</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_People%27s_Army_rebellion" title="New People's Army rebellion">New People's Army rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Albanian_split" title="Sino-Albanian split">Sino-Albanian split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey" title="Maoist insurgency in Turkey">Maoist insurgency in Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Mao_Zedong" title="Death and state funeral of Mao Zedong">Death and funeral of Mao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian%E2%80%93Vietnamese_War" title="Cambodian–Vietnamese War">Cambodian–Vietnamese War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Whatevers" title="Two Whatevers">Two Whatevers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_conflict_in_Peru" class="mw-redirect" title="Internal conflict in Peru">Internal conflict in Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Civil_War" title="Nepalese Civil War">Nepalese Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chongqing_model" title="Chongqing model">Chongqing model</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shining_Path" title="Shining Path">Communist Party of Peru – Shining Path</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Front_of_the_Philippines" title="National Democratic Front of the Philippines">National Democratic Front of the Philippines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Philippines" title="Communist Party of the Philippines">Communist Party of the Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_People%27s_Army" title="New People's Army">New People's Army</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Turkey/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist" title="Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist">Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist–Leninist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Nepal_(Maoist_Centre)" title="Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)">Communist Party of Nepal (Maoist Centre)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Maoist)" title="Communist Party of India (Maoist)">Communist Party of India (Maoist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purba_Banglar_Sarbahara_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Purba Banglar Sarbahara Party">Purba Banglar Sarbahara Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Burma" title="Communist Party of Burma">Communist Party of Burma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Ecuador_%E2%80%93_Red_Sun" title="Communist Party of Ecuador – Red Sun">Communist Party of Ecuador – Red Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serve_the_People_(Norway)" title="Serve the People (Norway)">Serve the People – Communist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Panther_Party" title="Black Panther Party">Black Panther Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Internationalist_Movement" title="Revolutionary Internationalist Movement">Revolutionary Internationalist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_(Maoist)_Party_of_Afghanistan" title="Communist (Maoist) Party of Afghanistan">Communist (Maoist) Party of Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Conference_of_Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_Parties_and_Organizations_(International_Newsletter)" title="International Conference of Marxist–Leninist Parties and Organizations (International Newsletter)">International Conference of Marxist–Leninist<br />Parties and Organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Communist_League_(Maoist)" title="International Communist League (Maoist)">International Communist League</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism_in_China" title="Anarchism in China">Anarchism in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big-character_poster" title="Big-character poster">Big-character poster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feudal_fascism" title="Feudal fascism">Feudal fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoxhaism" title="Hoxhaism">Hoxhaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guevarism" title="Guevarism">Guevarism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Juche" title="Juche">Juche</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_communism_in_China" title="Left communism in China">Left communism in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong%27s_cult_of_personality" title="Mao Zedong's cult of personality">Mao's cult of personality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanjie" title="Nanjie">Nanjie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_communism" title="National communism">National communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Democracy_(Philippines)" title="National Democracy (Philippines)">National Democracy Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naxalite" class="mw-redirect" title="Naxalite">Naxalite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi-Maoism" title="Nazi-Maoism">Nazi-Maoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Left" title="New Left">New Left</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_New_Left" title="Chinese New Left">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_New_Left" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese New Left">Japanese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Guards" title="Red Guards">Red Guards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Star_Over_China" title="Red Star Over China">Red Star Over China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_ideology_of_the_Kuomintang" title="Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang">Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thought_reform_in_China" title="Thought reform in China">Thought reform in China</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #CC0000; border-bottom:1px solid #CC0000;"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/16px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/24px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:China" title="Portal:China">China portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/32px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Communism" title="Portal:Communism">Communism portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/16px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/24px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/32px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Maoism_sidebar" title="Template:Maoism sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Maoism_sidebar" title="Template talk:Maoism sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Maoism_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Maoism sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Communism" title="Category:Communism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:200%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hammer_and_sickle" title="Hammer and sickle"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg/50px-Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg/75px-Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg/100px-Hammer_and_sickle_red_on_transparent.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-capitalism" title="Anti-capitalism">Anti-capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_conflict" title="Class conflict">Class conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_consciousness" title="Class consciousness">Class consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classless_society" title="Classless society">Classless society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_leadership" title="Collective leadership">Collective leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_party" title="Communist party">Communist party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_revolution" title="Communist revolution">Communist revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">Communist state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_community" title="Intentional community">Commune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_society" title="Communist society">Communist society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critique_of_political_economy" title="Critique of political economy">Critique of political economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_association_(Marxism_and_anarchism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Free association (Marxism and anarchism)">Free association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/From_each_according_to_his_ability,_to_each_according_to_his_needs" title="From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs">"From each according to his ability,<br />to each according to his needs"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_abolitionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Market abolitionism">Market abolitionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_internationalism" title="Proletarian internationalism">Proletarian internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_movement" title="Labour movement">Labour movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_revolution" title="Social revolution">Social revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stateless_society" title="Stateless society">Stateless society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wage_slavery" title="Wage slavery">Wage slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_self-management" title="Workers' self-management">Workers' self-management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_communism" title="World communism">World communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_revolution" title="World revolution">World revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorship_of_the_proletariat" title="Dictatorship of the proletariat">Dictatorship of the proletariat</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Economics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy" title="Planned economy">Planned economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gift_economy" title="Gift economy">Gift economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">Common ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialization_(Marxism)" title="Socialization (Marxism)">Socialization (Marxism)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Economic democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_value" title="Use value">Use value</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_communist_ideologies" title="List of communist ideologies">Variants</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_communism" title="Anarchist communism">Anarchist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leninism" title="Leninism">Leninist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Marxism" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertarian Marxism">Libertarian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Marxist_communism" title="Pre-Marxist communism">Pre-Marxist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_socialism" title="Utopian socialism">Utopian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Primitive_communism" title="Primitive communism">Primitive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_communism" title="Religious communism">Religious</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_communism" title="Christian communism">Christian</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_communism" title="History of communism">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_League" title="Communist League">Communist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Workingmen%27s_Association" title="International Workingmen's Association">First International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_International" title="Second International">Second International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_International" title="Communist International">Third International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_International" title="Fourth International">Fourth International</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Organisations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communist_parties" title="List of communist parties">Communist Parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Peace_Council" title="World Peace Council">WPC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Trade_Unions" title="World Federation of Trade Unions">WFTU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Democratic_Youth" title="World Federation of Democratic Youth">WFDY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Students" title="International Union of Students">IUS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_International_Democratic_Federation" title="Women's International Democratic Federation">WIDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Federation_of_Scientific_Workers" title="World Federation of Scientific Workers">WFSW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organisation_of_Journalists" class="mw-redirect" title="International Organisation of Journalists">IOR</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Communists" title="Category:Communists">People</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mazdak" title="Mazdak">Mazdak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Meslier" title="Jean Meslier">Meslier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf">Babeuf</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Kropotkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Errico_Malatesta" title="Errico Malatesta">Malatesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonie_Pannekoek" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonie Pannekoek">Pannekoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois" title="W. E. B. Du Bois">Du Bois</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Kollontai" title="Alexandra Kollontai">Kollontai</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Stalin</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Leon_Trotsky" title="Leon Trotsky">Trotsky</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Luk%C3%A1cs" title="György Lukács">Lukács</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Th%C3%A4lmann" title="Ernst Thälmann">Thälmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" title="Nestor Makhno">Makhno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Bukharin" title="Nikolai Bukharin">Bukharin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh" title="Ho Chi Minh">Ho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Gramsci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Tito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti">Togliatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Benjamin" title="Walter Benjamin">Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Khrushchev</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pol_Pot" title="Pol Pot">Pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Enlai" title="Zhou Enlai">Zhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._L._R._James" title="C. L. R. James">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Padmore" title="George Padmore">Padmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Sartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Hoxha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir" title="Simone de Beauvoir">Beauvoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah" title="Kwame Nkrumah">Nkrumah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Hobsbawm" title="Eric Hobsbawm">Hobsbawm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Althusser" title="Louis Althusser">Althusser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paulo_Freire" title="Paulo Freire">Freire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pier_Paolo_Pasolini" title="Pier Paolo Pasolini">Pasolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Mandel" title="Ernest Mandel">Mandel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._Raja" title="D. Raja">Raja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frantz_Fanon" title="Frantz Fanon">Fanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Berger" title="John Berger">Berger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Guevara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Guattari" title="Félix Guattari">Guattari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Debord" title="Guy Debord">Debord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samir_Amin" title="Samir Amin">Amin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Berlinguer" title="Enrico Berlinguer">Berlinguer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Negri" title="Antonio Negri">Negri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abimael_Guzm%C3%A1n" title="Abimael Guzmán">Guzmán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Badiou" title="Alain Badiou">Badiou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jose_Maria_Sison" title="Jose Maria Sison">Sison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huey_P._Newton" title="Huey P. Newton">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tariq_Ali" title="Tariq Ali">Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Davis" title="Angela Davis">Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Holloway_(sociologist)" title="John Holloway (sociologist)">Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Hampton" title="Fred Hampton">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavoj_Zizek" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavoj Zizek">Zizek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sankara" title="Thomas Sankara">Sankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_%C3%96calan" title="Abdullah Öcalan">Öcalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Manuel_S%C3%A1nchez_Gordillo" title="Juan Manuel Sánchez Gordillo">Gordillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Wilson_Gilmore" title="Ruth Wilson Gilmore">Gilmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcomandante_Marcos" title="Subcomandante Marcos">Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Hardt" title="Michael Hardt">Hardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodi_Dean" title="Jodi Dean">Dean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Graeber" title="David Graeber">Graeber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Lordon" title="Frédéric Lordon">Lordon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robin_Kelley" title="Robin Kelley">Kelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Fisher" title="Mark Fisher">Fisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijay_Prashad" title="Vijay Prashad">Prashad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov" title="Gennady Zyuganov">Zyuganov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Hatherley" title="Owen Hatherley">Hatherley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Moufawad-Paul" title="J. Moufawad-Paul">Moufawad-Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohei_Saito" title="Kohei Saito">Saito</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">By region</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Far-left_politics_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Far-left politics in the United Kingdom">Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Cambodia" class="mw-redirect" title="Communism in Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Colombia" title="Communism in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_France" title="Communism in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_India" title="Communism in India">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Kerala" title="Communism in Kerala">Kerala</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Korea" title="Communism in Korea">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Nepal" title="Communism in Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Peru" title="Communism in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_the_Philippines" title="Communism in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Poland" title="Communism in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_communism_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="History of communism in the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Sumatra" title="Communism in Sumatra">Sumatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_in_Vietnam" title="Communism in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Communist_symbolism" title="Communist symbolism">Symbols</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hammer_and_sickle" title="Hammer and sickle">Hammer and sickle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_flag_(politics)" title="Red flag (politics)">Red flag (politics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_star" title="Red star">Red star</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Internationale" title="The Internationale">The Internationale</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Workers_of_the_world,_unite!" title="Workers of the world, unite!">Workers of the world, unite!</a>"</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Criticism </div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_propaganda" title="Communist propaganda">Communist propaganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_communist_party_rule" title="Criticism of communist party rule">Criticism of communist party rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Marxism" title="Criticism of Marxism">Criticism of Marxism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #CC0000;background:transparent;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related  topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/21st-century_communist_theorists" title="21st-century communist theorists">21st-century communist theorists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti_anti-communism" title="Anti anti-communism">Anti anti-communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communist_mass_killings" title="Anti-communist mass killings">Anti-communist mass killings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-fascism" title="Anti-fascism">Anti-fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communitarianism" title="Communitarianism">Communitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_killings_under_communist_regimes" title="Mass killings under communist regimes">Mass killings under communist regimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intentional_community" title="Intentional community">Intentional community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">Left-wing politics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Old_Left" title="Old Left">Old Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Left" title="New Left">New Left</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism_and_LGBTQ_rights" title="Communism and LGBTQ rights">LGBTQ rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marx%27s_theory_of_alienation" title="Marx's theory of alienation">Marx's theory of alienation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_communism" title="National communism">National communism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_communism_in_Romania" title="National communism in Romania">Romania</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Scare" title="Red Scare">Red Scare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_socialism" title="Revolutionary socialism">Revolutionary socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_economics" title="Socialist economics">Socialist economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_mode_of_production" title="Socialist mode of production">Socialist mode of production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">Trade union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_communism" title="War communism">War communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worker_cooperative" title="Worker cooperative">Worker cooperative</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below hlist" style="font-weight:normal; border-top:1px solid #CC0000; border-bottom:1px solid #CC0000;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/32px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Communism" title="Portal:Communism">Communism portal</a> <br /> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/16px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/24px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/32px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Communism" title="Template:Communism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Communism" title="Template talk:Communism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Communism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Communism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Category:Marxism–Leninism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0.4em 0 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marx_Lenin_oval.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Marx_Lenin_oval.svg/100px-Marx_Lenin_oval.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Marx_Lenin_oval.svg/150px-Marx_Lenin_oval.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Marx_Lenin_oval.svg/200px-Marx_Lenin_oval.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative-command_system" title="Administrative-command system">Administrative-command system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-imperialism" title="Anti-imperialism">Anti-imperialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-revisionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-revisionism">Anti-revisionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy#Central_planning" title="Planned economy">Central planning</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet-type_economic_planning" title="Soviet-type economic planning">Soviet-type economic planning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_farming" title="Collective farming">Collective farming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_leadership" title="Collective leadership">Collective leadership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commanding_heights_of_the_economy" title="Commanding heights of the economy">Commanding heights of the economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_centralism" title="Democratic centralism">Democratic centralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectical_logic" title="Dialectical logic">Dialectical logic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectical_materialism" title="Dialectical materialism">Dialectical materialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foco" title="Foco">Foco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intensification_of_the_class_struggle_under_socialism" title="Intensification of the class struggle under socialism">Intensification of the class struggle<br />under socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_aristocracy" title="Labor aristocracy">Labor aristocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_atheism" title="Marxist–Leninist atheism">Marxist–Leninist atheism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Soviet_man" title="New Soviet man">New Soviet man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-party_state" title="One-party state">One-party state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partisan_(politics)" title="Partisan (politics)">Partiinost'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_democracy_(Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism)" title="People's democracy (Marxism–Leninism)">People's democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_front" title="Popular front">Popular front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_internationalism" title="Proletarian internationalism">Proletarian internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_war" title="People's war">Protracted people's war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-criticism_(Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-criticism (Marxism–Leninism)">Self-criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_fascism" title="Social fascism">Social fascism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_one_country" title="Socialism in one country">Socialism in one country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_patriotism" title="Socialist patriotism">Socialist patriotism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_patriotism" title="Soviet patriotism">Soviet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yugoslavism#Socialist_Yugoslavism" title="Yugoslavism">Yugoslav</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">State</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">Socialist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theory_of_the_productive_forces" title="Theory of the productive forces">Theory of the productive forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Period" title="Third Period">Third Period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguardism" title="Vanguardism">Vanguardism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wars_of_national_liberation" title="Wars of national liberation">Wars of national liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_power" title="Unified power">Unified power</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Variants</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Fidel_Castro" title="Politics of Fidel Castro">Castroism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guevarism" title="Guevarism">Guevarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_Thought" title="Ho Chi Minh Thought">Ho Chi Minh Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoxhaism" title="Hoxhaism">Hoxhaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husakism" title="Husakism">Husakism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goulash_Communism" title="Goulash Communism">Kádárism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khrushchevism" class="mw-redirect" title="Khrushchevism">Khrushchevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">Socialism with Chinese characteristics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titoism" title="Titoism">Titoism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">People</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Zedong" title="Mao Zedong">Mao Zedong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Th%C3%A4lmann" title="Ernst Thälmann">Ernst Thälmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khorloogiin_Choibalsan" title="Khorloogiin Choibalsan">Khorloogiin Choibalsan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ehmetjan_Qasim" title="Ehmetjan Qasim">Ehmetjan Qasim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_D%C3%ADaz_(politician)" title="José Díaz (politician)">José Díaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Thorez" title="Maurice Thorez">Maurice Thorez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmiro_Togliatti" title="Palmiro Togliatti">Palmiro Togliatti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh" title="Ho Chi Minh">Ho Chi Minh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B5_Nguy%C3%AAn_Gi%C3%A1p" title="Võ Nguyên Giáp">Võ Nguyên Giáp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_Browder" title="Earl Browder">Earl Browder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Ulbricht" title="Walter Ulbricht">Walter Ulbricht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Josip Broz Tito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1ty%C3%A1s_R%C3%A1kosi" title="Mátyás Rákosi">Mátyás Rákosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazar_Kaganovich" title="Lazar Kaganovich">Lazar Kaganovich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Dimitrov" title="Georgi Dimitrov">Georgi Dimitrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boles%C5%82aw_Bierut" title="Bolesław Bierut">Bolesław Bierut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valko_Chervenkov" title="Valko Chervenkov">Valko Chervenkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klement_Gottwald" title="Klement Gottwald">Klement Gottwald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gheorghe_Gheorghiu-Dej" title="Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej">Gheorghe Gheorghiu-Dej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enver_Hoxha" title="Enver Hoxha">Enver Hoxha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaysone_Phomvihane" title="Kaysone Phomvihane">Kaysone Phomvihane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_Bakdash" title="Khalid Bakdash">Khalid Bakdash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonid_Brezhnev" title="Leonid Brezhnev">Leonid Brezhnev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pol_Pot" title="Pol Pot">Pol Pot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikos_Zachariadis" title="Nikos Zachariadis">Nikos Zachariadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Che Guevara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agostinho_Neto" title="Agostinho Neto">Agostinho Neto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BAcio_Lara" title="Lúcio Lara">Lúcio Lara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengistu_Haile_Mariam" title="Mengistu Haile Mariam">Mengistu Haile Mariam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim Il Sung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chin_Peng" title="Chin Peng">Chin Peng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardial_Bains" title="Hardial Bains">Hardial Bains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanz%C5%8D_Nosaka" title="Sanzō Nosaka">Sanzō Nosaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu" title="Nicolae Ceaușescu">Nicolae Ceaușescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gust%C3%A1v_Hus%C3%A1k" title="Gustáv Husák">Gustáv Husák</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1nos_K%C3%A1d%C3%A1r" title="János Kádár">János Kádár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Honecker" title="Erich Honecker">Erich Honecker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Gomu%C5%82ka" title="Władysław Gomułka">Władysław Gomułka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samora_Machel" title="Samora Machel">Samora Machel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sankara" title="Thomas Sankara">Thomas Sankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathieu_K%C3%A9r%C3%A9kou" title="Mathieu Kérékou">Mathieu Kérékou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siad_Barre" title="Siad Barre">Siad Barre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nur_Muhammad_Taraki" title="Nur Muhammad Taraki">Nur Muhammad Taraki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfonso_Cano" title="Alfonso Cano">Alfonso Cano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohana_Wijeweera" title="Rohana Wijeweera">Rohana Wijeweera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gus_Hall" title="Gus Hall">Gus Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Pollitt" title="Harry Pollitt">Harry Pollitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpal_Brar" title="Harpal Brar">Harpal Brar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Zyuganov" title="Gennady Zyuganov">Gennady Zyuganov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wojciech_Jaruzelski" title="Wojciech Jaruzelski">Wojciech Jaruzelski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Todor_Zhivkov" title="Todor Zhivkov">Todor Zhivkov</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Theoretical works</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="font-style:italic;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Foundations_of_Leninism" title="Foundations of Leninism">Foundations of Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialectical_and_Historical_Materialism" title="Dialectical and Historical Materialism">Dialectical and Historical Materialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union_(Bolsheviks)" title="History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)">The History of the Communist Party<br />of the Soviet Union (Bolsheviks)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_Problems_of_Socialism_in_the_USSR" title="Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR">Economic Problems of Socialism in the USSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Critique_of_Soviet_Economics" title="A Critique of Soviet Economics">A Critique of Soviet Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fundamentals_of_Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism">Fundamentals of Marxism–Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_Warfare_(book)" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerrilla Warfare (book)">Guerrilla Warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quotations_from_Chairman_Mao_Tse-tung" title="Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung">Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_Ho_Chi_Minh%27s_Testament" title="President Ho Chi Minh's Testament">President Ho Chi Minh's Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Governance_of_China" title="The Governance of China">The Governance of China</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">History</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="History of the Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1927%E2%80%931953)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1927–1953)">1927–1953</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1953%E2%80%931964)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1953–1964)">1953–1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1964%E2%80%931982)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1964–1982)">1964–1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1982%E2%80%931991)" title="History of the Soviet Union (1982–1991)">1982–1991</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Break_(USSR)" title="Great Break (USSR)">Great Break</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collectivization_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Collectivization in the Soviet Union">Collectivization in the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrialization_in_the_Soviet_Union" title="Industrialization in the Soviet Union">Industrialization in the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Purge" title="Great Purge">Great Purge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Patriotic_War_(term)" title="Great Patriotic War (term)">Great Patriotic War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Greek Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Revolution" title="Chinese Communist Revolution">Chinese Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="History of the People's Republic of China">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1949%E2%80%931976)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (1949–1976)">1949–1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1976%E2%80%931989)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (1976–1989)">1976–1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(1989%E2%80%932002)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (1989–2002)">1989–2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China_(2002%E2%80%93present)" title="History of the People's Republic of China (2002–present)">2002–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consolidation_of_the_Cuban_Revolution" title="Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution">Consolidation of the Cuban Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De-Stalinization" title="De-Stalinization">De-Stalinization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sino-Soviet_split" title="Sino-Soviet split">Sino-Soviet split</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_Revolution_of_1956" title="Hungarian Revolution of 1956">Hungarian Revolution of 1956</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Leap_Forward" title="Great Leap Forward">Great Leap Forward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Colonial_War" title="Portuguese Colonial War">Portuguese Colonial War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_power_movement" title="Black power movement">Black power movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicaraguan_Revolution" title="Nicaraguan Revolution">Nicaraguan Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_Revolution" title="Cultural Revolution">Cultural Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prague_Spring" title="Prague Spring">Prague Spring</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Naxalite insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989" title="Revolutions of 1989">Revolutions of 1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Civil_War" title="Nepalese Civil War">Nepalese Civil War</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">By country</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_Afghanistan" title="Democratic Republic of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Socialist_Republic_of_Albania" title="People's Socialist Republic of Albania">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Angola" title="People's Republic of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Benin" title="People's Republic of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li>Cambodia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Kampuchea" title="Democratic Kampuchea">1975–79</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Kampuchea" title="People's Republic of Kampuchea">1979–92</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="People's Republic of the Congo">Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czechoslovak_Socialist_Republic" title="Czechoslovak Socialist Republic">Czechoslovakia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Socialist_Republic" title="Czech Socialist Republic">Czechia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovak_Socialist_Republic" title="Slovak Socialist Republic">Slovakia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Germany" title="East Germany">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derg" title="Derg">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Revolutionary_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Revolutionary Government">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_People%27s_Republic" title="Hungarian People's Republic">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_People%27s_Republic" title="Mongolian People's Republic">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Mozambique" title="People's Republic of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_People%27s_Republic" title="Polish People's Republic">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Romania" title="Socialist Republic of Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Democratic_Republic" title="Somali Democratic Republic">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen" title="South Yemen">South Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byelorussian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic">Byelarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazakh_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirghiz_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldavian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajik_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkmen_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzbek_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic">Uzbekistan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Federal_Republic_of_Yugoslavia" title="Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia">Yugoslavia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Croatia" title="Socialist Republic of Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Macedonia" title="Socialist Republic of Macedonia">Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Montenegro" title="Socialist Republic of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Serbia" title="Socialist Republic of Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Republic_of_Slovenia" title="Socialist Republic of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Organizations</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comecon" title="Comecon">Comecon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_International" title="Communist International">Comintern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Party" title="Chinese Communist Party">Chinese Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Cuba" title="Communist Party of Cuba">Communist Party of Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India">Communist Party of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kampuchea" title="Communist Party of Kampuchea">Communist Party of Kampuchea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Russian_Federation" title="Communist Party of the Russian Federation">Communist Party of the Russian Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Communist Party of the Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Vietnam" title="Communist Party of Vietnam">Communist Party of Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Communist_Party" title="French Communist Party">French Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indochinese_Communist_Party" title="Indochinese Communist Party">Indochinese Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_People%27s_Party#Forerunner_organizations_and_early_history" title="Cambodian People's Party">Kampuchean People's Revolutionary Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_People%27s_Revolutionary_Party" title="Lao People's Revolutionary Party">Lao People's Revolutionary Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepal_Communist_Party" title="Nepal Communist Party">Nepal Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_Labour_of_Albania" title="Party of Labour of Albania">Party of Labour of Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine" title="Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine">Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandinista_National_Liberation_Front" title="Sandinista National Liberation Front">Sandinista National Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Party_of_Korea" title="Workers' Party of Korea">Workers' Party of Korea</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Related topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolshevism" title="Bolshevism">Bolshevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communism" title="Anti-communism">Anti-communism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-communist_mass_killings" title="Anti-communist mass killings">Mass killings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimes_against_humanity_under_communist_regimes" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimes against humanity under communist regimes">Crimes against humanity<br />under communist regimes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_killings_under_communist_regimes" title="Mass killings under communist regimes">Mass killings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_communist_party_rule" title="Criticism of communist party rule">Criticism of communist party rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cult_of_personality" 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.hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency" title="Timeline of the Naxalite–Maoist insurgency">Timeline of the Naxalite–Maoist insurgency</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Formation_and_early_years_(late_1960s_to_1970s)"><span id="Formation_and_early_years_.28late_1960s_to_1970s.29"></span>Formation and early years (late 1960s to 1970s)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Formation and early years (late 1960s to 1970s)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Naxalbari_uprising" title="Naxalbari uprising">Naxalbari uprising</a></div> <p>In 1967, a faction of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist)">Communist Party of India (Marxist)</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Charu_Majumdar" title="Charu Majumdar">Charu Majumdar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanu_Sanyal" title="Kanu Sanyal">Kanu Sanyal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jangal_Santhal" title="Jangal Santhal">Jangal Santhal</a> called the "Siliguri group" wanted a <a href="/wiki/Protracted_people%27s_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Protracted people's war">protracted people's war</a> in India similar to the <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Communist_Revolution" title="Chinese Communist Revolution">Chinese Communist Revolution</a> and Majumdar wrote the <a href="/wiki/Historic_Eight_Documents" title="Historic Eight Documents">Historic Eight Documents</a> which became the foundation of the <a href="/wiki/Naxalite" class="mw-redirect" title="Naxalite">Naxalite</a> movement.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The party was part of a <a href="/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">coalition government</a> in West Bengal. Majumdar believed that the party would support his doctrine with other leaders like land minister <a href="/wiki/Hare_Krishna_Konar" title="Hare Krishna Konar">Hare Krishna Konar</a> who had been supporting his rhetoric suggesting that "the militant confiscation of land was integral to the party's programme."<sup id="cite_ref-Diplomat_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Diplomat-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the party did not approve of the armed uprising, which led to internal conflict with the sympathizers of the group.<sup id="cite_ref-History_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-History-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 1967, a few peasant workers seized a plot of land from its <a href="/wiki/Jotedar" title="Jotedar">jotedar</a>. In May 1967, the Siliguri Kishan Sabha, of which Santhal was the president, declared their support for the movement initiated by Sanyal and their readiness to adopt an armed struggle to redistribute land to the landless.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The group advocated initiation of armed struggle and in <a href="/wiki/Naxalbari" title="Naxalbari">Naxalbari</a> in <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, the peasants fought when a <a href="/wiki/Sharecropper" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharecropper">sharecropper</a> of <a href="/wiki/Adivasi" title="Adivasi">tribal background</a>, who had been given land by the courts under the tenancy laws, was attacked by the previous landlord's men. When the police arrived, they were ambushed by a group led by Santhal, and in the ensuing fight, 11 people including a <a href="/wiki/Police_inspector" class="mw-redirect" title="Police inspector">police inspector</a> were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rediff_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rediff-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 1967, a group led by <a href="/wiki/Sushital_Ray_Chowdhury" title="Sushital Ray Chowdhury">Sushital Ray Chowdhury</a> organised the <a href="/wiki/All_India_Coordination_Committee_of_Communist_Revolutionaries" title="All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries">All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries</a> (AICCCR).<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The uprising led to the formation of <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)">Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)</a> (CPI-ML) in April 1969, which was announced by Sanyal at a mass meeting in <a href="/wiki/Calcutta" class="mw-redirect" title="Calcutta">Calcutta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It inspired similar movements in states like <a href="/wiki/Orissa" class="mw-redirect" title="Orissa">Orissa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1971, Satyanarayan Singh revolted against the leadership and split the CPI-ML into two, forming a separate <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Central_Committee,_Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Provisional Central Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)">provisional committee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mohanty_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mohanty-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Naxalites gained presence among the radical sections of the student groups in Calcutta.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Students left school to join the Naxalites and Majumdar declared that the revolutionary warfare was to take place not only in the rural areas as before, but now everywhere and spontaneously. He also declared an "annihilation line" and issued a dictum to assassinate individual "class enemies" such as landlords, businessmen, teachers, police officers, politicians and others.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In response, the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_West_Bengal" title="Government of West Bengal">Government of West Bengal</a> instituted countermeasures against the Naxalites. The insurgents clashed with the <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal_Police" title="West Bengal Police">West Bengal Police</a> and CPI-M cadres. With the public rejection of Majumdar's calls for extrajudicial killings, Naxalites alleged human rights violations by the state government, which responded that "the state was effectively fighting a civil war and that democratic pleasantries had no place in a war, especially when the opponent did not fight within the norms of democracy and civility".<sup id="cite_ref-Rediff_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rediff-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the support of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Government" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Government">central government</a>, Operation Steeplechase was launched with the aid of the <a href="/wiki/Paramilitary_forces_of_India" title="Paramilitary forces of India">paramilitary forces</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Armed_Forces" title="Indian Armed Forces">Indian Armed Forces</a>, which resulted in the killing and imprisoning of suspected Naxalites and their cadres, including senior leaders.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 1972, Majumdar was arrested by the <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal_Police" title="West Bengal Police">West Bengal Police</a> and he later died in police custody.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After his death, the CPI-ML split into further factions such as the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_(Mahadev_Mukherjee)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) (Mahadev Mukherjee)">Mahadev Mukherjee faction</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_Liberation" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation">CPI-ML Liberation</a> in 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1973, the main leaders of the Naxalites were either eliminated or arrested.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of both external repression and a failure to maintain internal unity, the movement degenerated into extreme sectarianism and the original party fractured into more than 40 separate small groups.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_growth_and_government_action_(1980s_to_late_1990s)"><span id="Further_growth_and_government_action_.281980s_to_late_1990s.29"></span>Further growth and government action (1980s to late 1990s)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Further growth and government action (1980s to late 1990s)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The late 1970s saw the spread of Naxalism to other states of India.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though the first wave of insurgent violence ended badly, it did not eliminate the movement altogether. The insurgency arose in <a href="/wiki/South_India" title="South India">South India</a> in the early 1980s and on 22 April 1980, the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_People%27s_War" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War">Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) People's War</a>, commonly called as People's War Group (PWG) was founded by <a href="/wiki/Kondapalli_Seetharamaiah" title="Kondapalli Seetharamaiah">Kondapalli Seetharamaiah</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He sought a more efficient structure in attacks and followed the principles of Majumdar. The insurgents kidnapped landlords and forced them to confess to crimes, apologize to villagers, and repay forced bribes. By the early 1980s, the insurgents had established a stronghold and sanctuary along the Andhra Pradesh–Orissa border.<sup id="cite_ref-Singh_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Singh-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1985, the Naxalites began ambushing police forces and killed N.Yadagiri Reddy, a sub-inspector of police in <a href="/wiki/Warangal_district" title="Warangal district">Warangal district</a> of Andhra Pradesh. In response, a special task force called the <a href="/wiki/Greyhounds" class="mw-redirect" title="Greyhounds">Greyhounds</a> was formed by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="Government of Andhra Pradesh">Government of Andhra Pradesh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The governments of Andhra Pradesh and Orissa quelled down the rebels with a variety of <a href="/wiki/Counterinsurgency" title="Counterinsurgency">counterinsurgency</a> measures. The states established special laws that enabled police to capture and detain Naxalite cadres, fighters and presumed supporters.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They invited additional central paramilitary forces, set up organisations to attract youth away from the Naxalites, started rehabilitation programs for those who surrendered.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1990s, several <a href="/wiki/Bara_massacre" title="Bara massacre">incidents of mass murders</a> happened in <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a> wherein Maoists killed members of the land-owning <a href="/wiki/Bhumihar" title="Bhumihar">Bhumihar</a> community, who then retaliated through militias.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Peak_of_insurgency_(2000s)"><span id="Peak_of_insurgency_.282000s.29"></span>Peak of insurgency (2000s)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Peak of insurgency (2000s)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 2 December 2000, the armed wing of the Maoists is called the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Guerrilla_Army_(India)" title="People's Liberation Guerrilla Army (India)">People's Liberation Guerrilla Army</a> was founded and are mostly equipped with <a href="/wiki/Small_arms" class="mw-redirect" title="Small arms">small arms</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 1 October 2003, the Naxalites attacked a convoy of then <a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Andhra_Pradesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh">Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh</a> <a href="/wiki/Chandrababu_Naidu" class="mw-redirect" title="Chandrababu Naidu">Chandrababu Naidu</a> en route to <a href="/wiki/Tirumala" title="Tirumala">Tirumala</a>, in which the Chief Minister was injured.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In response, the Andhra Pradesh government embarked on a rapid modernisation of its police force and up-gradation of its technical and operational capabilities to fight the insurgents and about 246 insurgents were killed during the year.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-War_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-War-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2004, the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Maoist)" title="Communist Party of India (Maoist)">CPI-Maoist</a> was founded through the merger of the People's War Group, and the <a href="/wiki/Maoist_Communist_Centre_of_India" title="Maoist Communist Centre of India">Maoist Communist Centre of India</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2005, peace talks between the Andhra Pradesh government and the Maoists broke down after the government did not agree to the release of prisoners and redistribution of land.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2005, the government of Andhra Pradesh outlawed the CPI-Maoist party and other affiliated organisations and arrested suspected members and sympathizers of the group.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Maoists orchestrated several attacks on government facilities across various states. They freed prisoners after attacks on prisons and stole weapons from government facilities.<sup id="cite_ref-Attack_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Attack-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also attacked anti-Maoist protesters, took hostages and killed those who opposed them.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Police men and security forces were targeted in ambushes using automatic weapons and <a href="/wiki/Improvised_explosive_devices" class="mw-redirect" title="Improvised explosive devices">improvised explosive devices</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, the Maoists killed <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(India)" title="Member of Parliament (India)">Member of Parliament</a> <a href="/wiki/Sunil_Mahato" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunil Mahato">Sunil Mahato</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a> and a local leader in Andhra Pradesh.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were also involved in local protests against the establishment of <a href="/wiki/Special_Economic_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Economic Zone">Special Economic Zones</a> and killed tribal youths of counter militia organisations.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, Naxal attacks increased in Orissa, which inflicted multiple casualties on the security forces.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On average, 700 people were killed in the conflict every year from 2005 to 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-War_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-War-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The conflict escalated with the next two years being the deadliest with more than 1000 casualties annually.<sup id="cite_ref-War_70-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-War-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Indian government announced a nationwide initiative called the Integrated Action Plan for broad coordinated operations aimed at combatting and undermining support for the Naxalites in selected states. The plan included funding for grass-roots economic development projects in the affected areas and increased special police funding for containment and reduction of Naxalite influence.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Counter-action_and_decline_(2010s–present)"><span id="Counter-action_and_decline_.282010s.E2.80.93present.29"></span>Counter-action and decline (2010s–present)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Counter-action and decline (2010s–present)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Operation_Green_Hunt" title="Operation Green Hunt">Operation Green Hunt</a></div> <p>The Indian government launched a massive military offensive, code named <a href="/wiki/Operation_Green_Hunt" title="Operation Green Hunt">Operation Green Hunt</a> and planned to deploy nearly 50,000 soldiers over two years, with the objectives of eliminating Naxal insurgents and bringing stability to the regions.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Maoists targeted security personnel involved in the operations against them with major attacks such as the <a href="/wiki/Silda_camp_attack" title="Silda camp attack">Silda camp attack</a>, <a href="/wiki/April_2010_Maoist_attack_in_Dantewada" title="April 2010 Maoist attack in Dantewada">Dantewada ambush</a> and <a href="/wiki/2010_Dantewada_bus_bombing" title="2010 Dantewada bus bombing">2010 Dantewada bus bombing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also killed civilians suspected of helping the government and those who were involved in building public infrastructure.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Naxalites carried out a series of attacks, including shootings and bombings across Indian states and the security forces retaliated in response.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Naxalites were also suspected of attempted <a href="/wiki/Train_derailment" class="mw-redirect" title="Train derailment">train derailments</a>..<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early 2010s, <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a> was removed from the list of Naxal-affected states.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Madhya_Pradesh" title="Government of Madhya Pradesh">Government of Madhya Pradesh</a> claimed that the Naxal insurgency has reduced in the state and attributed its success to the rural development schemes.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2011, the central government announced that the number of Naxal-affected areas were reduced to 83 districts across nine states.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Senior Maoist leaders were killed by the security forces, and many were arrested.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early 2012, the Naxalites kidnapped foreign nationals and a <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Legislative_Assembly_(India)" title="Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)">Member of the Legislative Assembly</a> in Odisha to force the government to release its cadres held as prisoners.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2013, <a href="/wiki/2013_Naxal_attack_in_Darbha_valley" title="2013 Naxal attack in Darbha valley">a Naxal attack</a> in Chattisgarh resulted in the deaths of 24 <a href="/wiki/Indian_National_Congress" title="Indian National Congress">Indian National Congress</a> leaders including the former state minister <a href="/wiki/Mahendra_Karma" title="Mahendra Karma">Mahendra Karma</a> and the Chhattisgarh Congress chief Nand Kumar Patel.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the later 2010s, while the Maoists continued to carry out planned attacks such as the <a href="/wiki/2014_Chhattisgarh_attack" title="2014 Chhattisgarh attack">2014 Chhattisgarh attack</a>, the <a href="/wiki/2017_Sukma_attack" title="2017 Sukma attack">2017 Sukma attack</a> and the <a href="/wiki/2018_Sukma_attack" title="2018 Sukma attack">2018 Sukma attack</a>, the security forces were able to retaliate in response.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The security forces engaged in multiple gun battles which resulted in more than 1000 Maoists being killed in the late 2010s.<sup id="cite_ref-War_70-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-War-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2018, the Naxalites killed Member of <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh_Legislative_Assembly" title="Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly">Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly</a> <a href="/wiki/Kidari_Sarveswara_Rao" title="Kidari Sarveswara Rao">Kidari Sarveswara Rao</a> and former member Siveri Soma in <a href="/wiki/Araku_Valley" title="Araku Valley">Araku Valley</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Kerala_Police" title="Kerala Police">Kerala Police</a> eliminated the presence of Maoists in <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sporadic attacks such as the <a href="/wiki/2021_Sukma%E2%80%93Bijapur_attack" title="2021 Sukma–Bijapur attack">2021 Sukma–Bijapur attack</a> and <a href="/wiki/2023_Dantewada_bombing" title="2023 Dantewada bombing">2023 Dantewada bombing</a> on security personnel and civilians continued into the 2020s.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The anti-insurgency operations also intensified with higher success rate resulting in the death or capture of several insurgent leaders.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Naxal influence reduced to about 70 districts in 2021 of which only 25 were most affected from a high of 180 districts in the late 2000s.<sup id="cite_ref-PIB_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PIB-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Report_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Report-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Though there was a sporadic increase in Naxal activity in parts of <a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a>, West Bengal and Madhya Pradesh,<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Maoist activity have relatively suppressed due to the increase in anti-terror operations conducted by the security forces in 2024. Operations like the <a href="/wiki/2024_Kanker_clash" title="2024 Kanker clash">2024 Kanker clash</a> and the <a href="/wiki/2024_Abujhmarh_clash" title="2024 Abujhmarh clash">2024 Abujhmarh clash</a> resulted in a great loss of personnel and material for the Maoists. <sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Red_corridor" title="Red corridor">Red corridor</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:602px;max-width:602px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:197px;max-width:197px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:India_Naxal_affected_districts_map.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/India_Naxal_affected_districts_map.svg/195px-India_Naxal_affected_districts_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="195" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/India_Naxal_affected_districts_map.svg/293px-India_Naxal_affected_districts_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/India_Naxal_affected_districts_map.svg/390px-India_Naxal_affected_districts_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1639" data-file-height="1852" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:India_map_Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_2013.SVG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/India_map_Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_2013.SVG/200px-India_map_Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_2013.SVG.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/India_map_Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_2013.SVG/300px-India_map_Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_2013.SVG.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/India_map_Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_2013.SVG/400px-India_map_Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_2013.SVG.png 2x" data-file-width="1578" data-file-height="1738" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:197px;max-width:197px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_of_India_2018.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_of_India_2018.svg/195px-Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_of_India_2018.svg.png" decoding="async" width="195" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_of_India_2018.svg/293px-Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_of_India_2018.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_of_India_2018.svg/390px-Naxal_Left-wing_violence_or_activity_affected_districts_of_India_2018.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1649" data-file-height="1858" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Areas with Naxalite activity in 2007 (left), in 2013 (centre), and in 2018 (right)</div></div></div></div> <p>The influence zone of the Naxalites is called the <a href="/wiki/Red_corridor" title="Red corridor">red corridor</a> consisting of about 25 most affected and 70 total affected <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Districts of India">districts</a> in <a href="/wiki/Central_India" title="Central India">Central</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_India" title="East India">East India</a> in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-Report_126-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Report-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most affected districts accounted for 85% of the Left wing extremist incidents in India.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The insurgency was its peak in the late 2000s with nearly 180 affected districts across an area of 92,000 km<sup>2</sup> (36,000 sq mi) and has been on the decline since then.<sup id="cite_ref-PIB_125-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PIB-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2018, 35 districts were classified as most affected amongst the 126 affected districts.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of the early 2020s, the Naxal activity is largely concentrated in two clusters, the first in and round the forested remote hilly areas of <a href="/wiki/Dandakaranya" title="Dandakaranya">Dandakaranya</a> spread across Chhattisgarh and Odisha and the second in the border region of Jharkhand-Bihar-West Bengal.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The affected districts include:<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1226773818">.mw-parser-output .defaultleft{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .defaultcenter{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .defaultright{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .col1left td:nth-child(1),.mw-parser-output .col2left 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td:nth-child(29){text-align:right}</style> <table class="wikitable sortable defaultcenter col1left col4left" style="font-size: 90%"> <caption>Naxal affected districts (2021)<sup id="cite_ref-Report_126-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Report-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">State</a> </th> <th>No. of districts in the State </th> <th>No. of districts affected </th> <th class="unsortable"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_in_India" title="List of districts in India">Districts affected</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Jharkhand" title="List of districts of Jharkhand">24</a> </td> <td>16 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bokaro_district" title="Bokaro district">Bokaro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chatra_district" title="Chatra district">Chatra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dhanbad_district" title="Dhanbad district">Dhanbad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dumka_district" title="Dumka district">Dumka</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Singhbhum_district" title="East Singhbhum district">East Singhbhum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Garhwa_district" title="Garhwa district">Garhwa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giridih_district" title="Giridih district">Giridih</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gumla_district" title="Gumla district">Gumla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hazaribagh_district" title="Hazaribagh district">Hazaribagh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khunti_district" title="Khunti district">Khunti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latehar_district" title="Latehar district">Latehar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lohardaga_district" title="Lohardaga district">Lohardaga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palamu_district" title="Palamu district">Palamu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ranchi_district" title="Ranchi district">Ranchi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seraikela_Kharsawan_district" title="Seraikela Kharsawan district">Saraikela Kharsawan</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Singhbhum_district" title="West Singhbhum district">West Singhbhum</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarh" title="Chhattisgarh">Chhattisgarh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Chhattisgarh" title="List of districts of Chhattisgarh">28</a> </td> <td>13 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Balrampur_district,_Chhattisgarh" title="Balrampur district, Chhattisgarh">Balrampur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bastar_district" title="Bastar district">Bastar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bijapur_district,_Chhattisgarh" title="Bijapur district, Chhattisgarh">Bijapur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dantewada_district" title="Dantewada district">Dantewada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dhamtari_district" title="Dhamtari district">Dhamtari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gariaband_district" title="Gariaband district">Gariyaband</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanker_district" title="Kanker district">Kanker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kondagaon_district" title="Kondagaon district">Kondagaon</a>,  <a href="/wiki/Mahasamund_district" title="Mahasamund district">Mahasamund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Narayanpur_district" title="Narayanpur district">Narayanpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rajnandgaon_district" title="Rajnandgaon district">Rajnandgaon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sukma_district" title="Sukma district">Sukma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kabirdham_district" title="Kabirdham district">Kabirdham</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Bihar" title="List of districts of Bihar">38</a> </td> <td>10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aurangabad_district,_Bihar" title="Aurangabad district, Bihar">Aurangabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banka_district" title="Banka district">Banka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gaya_district" title="Gaya district">Gaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jamui_district" title="Jamui district">Jamui</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaimur_district" title="Kaimur district">Kaimur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lakhisarai_district" title="Lakhisarai district">Lakhisarai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Munger_district" title="Munger district">Munger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nawada_district" title="Nawada district">Nawada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rohtas_district" title="Rohtas district">Rohtas</a>,  <a href="/wiki/West_Champaran_district" title="West Champaran district">West Champaran</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Odisha" title="List of districts of Odisha">30</a> </td> <td>10 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bargarh_district" title="Bargarh district">Bargarh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balangir_district" title="Balangir district">Bolangir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalahandi_district" title="Kalahandi district">Kalahandi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kandhamal_district" title="Kandhamal district">Kandhamal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Koraput_district" title="Koraput district">Koraput</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malkangiri_district" title="Malkangiri district">Malkangiri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nabarangpur_district" title="Nabarangpur district">Nabrangpur</a>,  <a href="/wiki/Nuapada_district" title="Nuapada district">Nuapada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rayagada_district" title="Rayagada district">Rayagada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sundergarh_district" title="Sundergarh district">Sundargarh</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Telangana" title="List of districts of Telangana">33</a> </td> <td>6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Adilabad_district" title="Adilabad district">Adilabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bhadradri_Kothagudem" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhadradri Kothagudem">Bhadradri Kothagudem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jayashankar_Bhupalpally" class="mw-redirect" title="Jayashankar Bhupalpally">Jayashankar Bhupalpally</a>, <a href="/wiki/Komaram_Bheem_Asifabad_district" title="Komaram Bheem Asifabad district">Komaram Bheem Asifabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mancherial_district" title="Mancherial district">Mancherial</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mulugu_district" title="Mulugu district">Mulugu</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Andhra_Pradesh" title="List of districts of Andhra Pradesh">13</a> </td> <td>5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Visakhapatnam_district" title="Visakhapatnam district">Visakhapatnam</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Godavari" class="mw-redirect" title="East Godavari">East Godavari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Srikakulam_district" title="Srikakulam district">Srikakulam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vizianagaram_district" title="Vizianagaram district">Vizianagaram</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Godavari_district" title="West Godavari district">West Godavari</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Kerala" title="List of districts of Kerala">14</a> </td> <td>3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Malappuram_district" title="Malappuram district">Malappuram</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palakkad_district" title="Palakkad district">Palakkad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wayanad_district" title="Wayanad district">Wayanad</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Madhya_Pradesh" title="List of districts of Madhya Pradesh">55</a> </td> <td>3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Balaghat_district" title="Balaghat district">Balaghat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mandla_district" title="Mandla district">Mandla</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dindori_district" title="Dindori district">Dindori</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Maharashtra" title="List of districts of Maharashtra">36</a> </td> <td>2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gadchiroli_district" title="Gadchiroli district">Gadchiroli</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gondia_district" title="Gondia district">Gondia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_West_Bengal" title="List of districts of West Bengal">23</a> </td> <td>1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jhargram_district" title="Jhargram district">Jhargram</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total </th> <th>369 </th> <th>70 </th> <th> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_response">Government response</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Government response"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infrastructure_and_development">Infrastructure and development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Infrastructure and development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Then <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_India" title="Prime Minister of India">Prime Minister of India</a> <a href="/wiki/Manmohan_Singh" title="Manmohan Singh">Manmohan Singh</a> called the Naxalites the "single biggest internal security challenge ever faced by our country" and in June 2011, he said, "Development is the master remedy to win over people", adding that the government was "strengthening the development work in the 60 Maoist-affected districts.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, Home secretary <a href="/wiki/Gopal_Krishna_Pillai" title="Gopal Krishna Pillai">Gopal Krishna Pillai</a> acknowledged that there were legitimate grievances regarding the local people's access to the forest land and produce and the distribution of benefits from mining and hydropower developments. However, he claimed that the Naxalites' long-term goal was to establish an Indian <a href="/wiki/Communist_state" title="Communist state">communist state</a> and the government wanted to tackle the Naxalites head-on to take back the lost areas.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Indian government launched three schemes–Special Central Assistance (SCA), Security Related Expenditure (SRE), and Special Infrastructure Scheme (SIS) for the economic development of the Naxal-affected areas. As of July 2021, <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>375 million</span> (US$4.5 million) had been sanctioned for more than 10,000 projects, of which 85% were complete. About <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>276 million</span> (US$3.3 million) of the funds were earmarked for the most affected districts. Under these SCA and SIS schemes, construction of about 17,600 km (10,900 mi) roads and 234 <a href="/wiki/Eklavya_Model_Residential_School" title="Eklavya Model Residential School">Eklavya Model Residential Schools</a> were planned. The plan also included the establishment of 5000 <a href="/wiki/Mobile_telephone" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile telephone">mobile telephone</a> towers and 3114 <a href="/wiki/Post_offices" class="mw-redirect" title="Post offices">post offices</a>. As a means of financial inclusion of people, 1077 <a href="/wiki/Automated_teller_machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Automated teller machine">ATMs</a> and 1236 bank branches were operationalised.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Security">Security</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Security"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2018, the central government sought to stem insurgency by earmarking development funds for revolt-hit areas and improving policing. The government planned a <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>250 billion</span> (US$3.0 billion) scheme for the modernisation of central and state police forces in the next three years.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under the SRE scheme, 400 fortified police stations were established at the cost of <span class="nowrap"><span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>140 million</span> (US$1.7 million). In addition, funds were utilised to hire helicopters, media services, and for other public relations and community activities.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Women <a href="/wiki/Self-help_groups" class="mw-redirect" title="Self-help groups">self-help groups</a> and industries were established by various state governments. <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Madhya_Pradesh" title="Government of Madhya Pradesh">Government of Madhya Pradesh</a> aided 23,113 women self-help groups covering 274,000 families in the affected districts and established 18 industries that would employ 4000 people. Additionally, loans to tribals were waived, and land right ownership documents were granted.<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Militia_and_vigilante_groups">Militia and vigilante groups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Militia and vigilante groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since late 1990, several armed anti-insurgency vigilante groups have been backed by the government to fight against the Maoists. In Chhattisgarh, <a href="/wiki/Salwa_Judum" title="Salwa Judum">Salwa Judum</a> was formed as an anti-insurgency vigilante group aimed at countering the violence in the region in 2005. The militia consisted of local tribal youth, who received support and training from the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Chhattisgarh" title="Government of Chhattisgarh">Government of Chhattisgarh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Various other paramilitary vigilante groups had emerged in other states such Andhra Pradesh. These groups were accused of extra-judicial murders of civil liberties activists.<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Chattisgarh government came under criticism from pro-Maoist activist groups for the same.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The groups were claimed to have involved in violence against women, employment of child soldiers, and looting and destruction of property.<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Institute of Peace and Conflict studies, while Naxal groups recruited children in different capacities and exposed them, the same accusation was levelled at Salwa Judum and the special police officers assisting the government security forces.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The allegations were rejected by a fact-finding commission of the <a href="/wiki/National_Human_Rights_Commission_of_India" title="National Human Rights Commission of India">National Human Rights Commission of India</a> in 2008. The commission, which had been appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">Supreme Court of India</a>, determined that the Salwa Judum was a spontaneous reaction by tribals against Maoist atrocities perpetrated against them.<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 5 July 2011, the Supreme Court declared these militia groups to be illegal and unconstitutional and ordered its disbandment. The court directed the government to recover all the firearms, ammunition and accessories given to the groups. The court criticised the use of these groups, which had complaints of human rights violations and employment of poorly trained youth against them. The court also ordered the government to investigate all instances of alleged criminal activities of the groups.<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Casualties">Casualties</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Casualties"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Naxalites have conducted multiple attacks on the security forces, government workers and civilians, with casualties on both sides.<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To enforce their control over the population, the Maoists have often convened <a href="/wiki/Kangaroo_court" title="Kangaroo court">kangaroo courts</a> to mete out summary justice, death, beatings, or exile.<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As per the South Asia Terrorism portal, the conflict has resulted in the deaths of more than 11500 people including 4000 civilians, 2500 security force personnel and 4500 Naxalites since the 2000s.<sup id="cite_ref-War_70-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-War-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As per the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>, more than 6,000 people were killed in the 20 years between 1990 and 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera_Media_Network" title="Al Jazeera Media Network">Al Jazeera</a> estimated the total death toll as 10,000 between 1980 and 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1226773818"> <table class="wikitable sortable defaultcenter" style="font-size: 90%"> <caption>Casualties by year<sup id="cite_ref-War_70-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-War-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-satp1_165-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-satp1-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Year </th> <th rowspan="2">Incidents </th> <th colspan="5">Deaths </th></tr> <tr> <th>Civilians </th> <th>Security Forces </th> <th>Maoists </th> <th>Not Specified </th> <th>Total </th></tr> <tr> <td>1996</td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—</td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—</td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—</td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—</td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <th>156 </th></tr> <tr> <td>1997</td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—</td> <td>202</td> <td>44</td> <td>102</td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <th>348 </th></tr> <tr> <td>1998</td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—</td> <td>118</td> <td>42</td> <td>110</td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <th>270 </th></tr> <tr> <td>1999</td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—</td> <td>502</td> <td>96</td> <td>261</td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <th>859 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2000</td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—</td> <td>452</td> <td>98</td> <td>254</td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <th>804 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2001</td> <td>199</td> <td>130</td> <td>116</td> <td>169</td> <td>44 </td> <th>459 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2002</td> <td>182</td> <td>123</td> <td>115</td> <td>163</td> <td>30 </td> <th>431 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2003</td> <td>319</td> <td>193</td> <td>114</td> <td>246</td> <td>30 </td> <th>583 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2004</td> <td>127</td> <td>89</td> <td>82</td> <td>87</td> <td>22 </td> <th>280 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2005</td> <td>343</td> <td>259</td> <td>147</td> <td>282</td> <td>24 </td> <th>712 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2006</td> <td>248</td> <td>249</td> <td>128</td> <td>343</td> <td>14 </td> <th>734 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2007</td> <td>274</td> <td>218</td> <td>234</td> <td>195</td> <td>25 </td> <th>672 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2008</td> <td>246</td> <td>184</td> <td>215</td> <td>228</td> <td>19 </td> <th>646 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2009</td> <td>407</td> <td>368</td> <td>319</td> <td>314</td> <td>12 </td> <th>1013 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2010</td> <td>481</td> <td>630</td> <td>267</td> <td>265</td> <td>18 </td> <th>1180 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2011</td> <td>302</td> <td>259</td> <td>137</td> <td>210</td> <td>0 </td> <th>606 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2012</td> <td>235</td> <td>156</td> <td>96</td> <td>125</td> <td>1 </td> <th>378 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2013</td> <td>186</td> <td>164</td> <td>103</td> <td>151</td> <td>0 </td> <th>418 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2014</td> <td>185</td> <td>127</td> <td>98</td> <td>121</td> <td>4 </td> <th>350 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2015</td> <td>171</td> <td>90</td> <td>56</td> <td>110</td> <td>0 </td> <th>256 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2016</td> <td>263</td> <td>122</td> <td>62</td> <td>250</td> <td>0 </td> <th>434 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2017</td> <td>200</td> <td>107</td> <td>76</td> <td>152</td> <td>0 </td> <th>335 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2018</td> <td>218</td> <td>108</td> <td>73</td> <td>231</td> <td>0 </td> <th>412 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2019</td> <td>176</td> <td>99</td> <td>49</td> <td>154</td> <td>0 </td> <th>302 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2020</td> <td>138</td> <td>61</td> <td>44</td> <td>134</td> <td>0 </td> <th>239 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2021</td> <td>124</td> <td>58</td> <td>51</td> <td>128</td> <td>0 </td> <th>237 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2022</td> <td>107</td> <td>53</td> <td>15</td> <td>66</td> <td>0 </td> <th>134 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2023</td> <td>113</td> <td>61</td> <td>31</td> <td>57</td> <td>0 </td> <th>149 </th></tr> <tr> <td>2024</td> <td>130</td> <td>59</td> <td>23</td> <td>255</td> <td>0 </td> <th>337 </th></tr> <tr> <th>Total</th> <th>5490+</th> <th>5241+</th> <th>2931+</th> <th>5163+</th> <th>243+ </th> <th>13734+ </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency" title="Timeline of the Naxalite–Maoist insurgency">Timeline of the Naxalite–Maoist insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separatist_movements_of_India" title="Separatist movements of India">Separatist movements of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_India" title="Terrorism in India">Terrorism in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_terrorist_incidents_in_India" title="List of terrorist incidents in India">Terrorist incidents in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communist_parties_in_India" title="List of communist parties in India">Communist parties in India</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output 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id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120212092516/http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/terroristoutfits/MCC.htm">"Maoist Communist Centre – Left Wing Extremism, India"</a>. <i>South Asia Terrorism 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Human Rights Watch Organization. p. 53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-564-32228-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-564-32228-9"><bdi>978-1-564-32228-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171225091925/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Kd28Ay09adgC&pg=PA53&dq=ranvir+sena+naxalites&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiXkam73aPYAhVsK8AKHZrHBIIQ6AEIJDAA">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Frontline&rft.atitle=Can+a+Governor+withhold+assent+without+reasons%3F&rft.date=2010-04-22&rft.au=V.+Venkatesan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atimes.com%2Fatimes%2FSoutheast_Asia%2FLD22Ae01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.satp.org/terrorist-profile/india/tamil-nadu-liberation-army-tnla">"Tamil Nadu Liberation Army (TNLA)"</a>. <i>South Asia Terrorism Portal</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+Asia+Terrorism+Portal&rft.atitle=Tamil+Nadu+Liberation+Army+%28TNLA%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.satp.org%2Fterrorist-profile%2Findia%2Ftamil-nadu-liberation-army-tnla&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Strat-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Strat_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Strat_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/pakistan-and-naxalite-movement-india">"Pakistan and the Naxalite Movement in India"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Stratfor" title="Stratfor">Stratfor</a></i>. 18 November 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180330212604/https://worldview.stratfor.com/article/pakistan-and-naxalite-movement-india">Archived</a> from the original on 30 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Stratfor&rft.atitle=Pakistan+and+the+Naxalite+Movement+in+India&rft.date=2010-11-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fworldview.stratfor.com%2Farticle%2Fpakistan-and-naxalite-movement-india&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci-ic.org/blog/2024/04/25/international-call-for-actions-he-who-is-not-afraid-of-death-by-a-thousand-cuts-dares-to-unhorse-the-emperor/">"International Call for Actions: "He who is not afraid of death by a thousand cuts dares to unhorse the emperor"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>CIIC</i>. 25 April 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240522153453/https://ci-ic.org/blog/2024/04/25/international-call-for-actions-he-who-is-not-afraid-of-death-by-a-thousand-cuts-dares-to-unhorse-the-emperor/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 May 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CIIC&rft.atitle=International+Call+for+Actions%3A+%22He+who+is+not+afraid+of+death+by+a+thousand+cuts+dares+to+unhorse+the+emperor%22&rft.date=2024-04-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fci-ic.org%2Fblog%2F2024%2F04%2F25%2Finternational-call-for-actions-he-who-is-not-afraid-of-death-by-a-thousand-cuts-dares-to-unhorse-the-emperor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStewart-Ingersoll2012" class="citation book cs1">Stewart-Ingersoll, Robert (2012). <i>Regional Powers and Security Orders</i>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 240.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Regional+Powers+and+Security+Orders&rft.pages=240&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Stewart-Ingersoll&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl_Labita2010" class="citation news cs1">Al Labita (22 April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120414070000/http://atimes.com/atimes/Southeast_Asia/LD22Ae01.html">"Philippine reds export armed struggle"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Asia_Times" title="Asia Times">Asia Times</a></i>. Archived from the original on 14 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asia+Times&rft.atitle=Philippine+reds+export+armed+struggle&rft.date=2010-04-22&rft.au=Al+Labita&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.atimes.com%2Fatimes%2FSoutheast_Asia%2FLD22Ae01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_news" title="Template:Cite news">cite news</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sundayguardianlive.com/news/bangla-maoists-involved-plan-target-pm">"Bangla Maoists involved in plan to target PM"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sunday_Guardian" title="The Sunday Guardian">The Sunday Guardian</a></i>. 9 June 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180907221442/https://www.sundayguardianlive.com/news/bangla-maoists-involved-plan-target-pm">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sunday+Guardian&rft.atitle=Bangla+Maoists+involved+in+plan+to+target+PM&rft.date=2018-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sundayguardianlive.com%2Fnews%2Fbangla-maoists-involved-plan-target-pm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/bangladesh/terroristoutfits/PBCP.htm">"Purba Banglar Communist Party (PBCP), South Asia Terrorism Portal"</a>. <i>South Asia Terrorism Portal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160428172055/http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/bangladesh/terroristoutfits/PBCP.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 28 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+Asia+Terrorism+Portal&rft.atitle=Purba+Banglar+Communist+Party+%28PBCP%29%2C+South+Asia+Terrorism+Portal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.satp.org%2Fsatporgtp%2Fcountries%2Fbangladesh%2Fterroristoutfits%2FPBCP.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-naxalite_movement-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-naxalite_movement_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh,_Prakash1999" class="citation book cs1">Singh, Prakash (1999). <i>The Naxalite Movement in India</i>. <a href="/wiki/Rupa_%26_Co." class="mw-redirect" title="Rupa & Co.">Rupa & Co.</a> p. 24.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Naxalite+Movement+in+India&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=Rupa+%26+Co.&rft.date=1999&rft.au=Singh%2C+Prakash&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://amp.dw.com/en/why-has-maoist-violence-subsided-in-india/a-64292819">"Why has Maoist violence subsided in India?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/DW-TV" title="DW-TV">DW-TV</a></i>. 1 May 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240404183752/https://amp.dw.com/en/why-has-maoist-violence-subsided-in-india/a-64292819">Archived</a> from the original on 4 April 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DW-TV&rft.atitle=Why+has+Maoist+violence+subsided+in+India%3F&rft.date=2023-05-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Famp.dw.com%2Fen%2Fwhy-has-maoist-violence-subsided-in-india%2Fa-64292819&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130523233831/http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-01-11/news/36280119_1_anti-naxal-operations-naxal-ambush-crpf-chief-pranay-sahay">"Anti-Naxal operations will be intensified: CRPF chief Pranay Sahay"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economic_Times" title="The Economic Times">The Economic Times</a></i>. 11 January 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-01-11/news/36280119_1_anti-naxal-operations-naxal-ambush-crpf-chief-pranay-sahay">the original</a> on 23 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=Anti-Naxal+operations+will+be+intensified%3A+CRPF+chief+Pranay+Sahay&rft.date=2013-01-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farticles.economictimes.indiatimes.com%2F2013-01-11%2Fnews%2F36280119_1_anti-naxal-operations-naxal-ambush-crpf-chief-pranay-sahay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSrivastava2010" class="citation news cs1">Srivastava, Mehul (29 July 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100802095511/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-07-29/maoists-in-india-blow-up-pipelines-as-78-billion-in-resources-threatened.html">"Maoists in India Blow Up Pipelines, Putting $78 Billion at Risk"</a>. <i>Bloomberg</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2010-07-29/maoists-in-india-blow-up-pipelines-as-78-billion-in-resources-threatened.html">the original</a> on 2 August 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg&rft.atitle=Maoists+in+India+Blow+Up+Pipelines%2C+Putting+%2478+Billion+at+Risk&rft.date=2010-07-29&rft.aulast=Srivastava&rft.aufirst=Mehul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fnews%2F2010-07-29%2Fmaoists-in-india-blow-up-pipelines-as-78-billion-in-resources-threatened.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.aljazeera.net/news/asia/2009/09/20099191105479635.html">"Indian police battle Naxalites"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Al_Jazeera" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Jazeera">Al Jazeera</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091217115727/http://english.aljazeera.net/news/asia/2009/09/20099191105479635.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 December 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Indian+police+battle+Naxalites&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.aljazeera.net%2Fnews%2Fasia%2F2009%2F09%2F20099191105479635.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/index.php?ref=MjBfMDlfMTZfMTNfMV85Ml8xODM1NDA=">"India faces internal challenge from Maoist-Naxalites"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Financial_Express_(Bangladesh)" title="The Financial Express (Bangladesh)">The Financial Express</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150603160508/http://www.thefinancialexpress-bd.com/index.php?ref=MjBfMDlfMTZfMTNfMV85Ml8xODM1NDA">Archived</a> from the original on 3 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Financial+Express&rft.atitle=India+faces+internal+challenge+from+Maoist-Naxalites&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefinancialexpress-bd.com%2Findex.php%3Fref%3DMjBfMDlfMTZfMTNfMV85Ml8xODM1NDA%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.satp.org/datasheet-terrorist-attack/fatalities/india-maoistinsurgency">"Yearly Fatalities"</a>. <i>South Asia Terrorism Portal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220922072536/https://www.satp.org/datasheet-terrorist-attack/fatalities/india-maoistinsurgency">Archived</a> from the original on 22 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=South+Asia+Terrorism+Portal&rft.atitle=Yearly+Fatalities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.satp.org%2Fdatasheet-terrorist-attack%2Ffatalities%2Findia-maoistinsurgency&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.satp.org/datasheet-terrorist-attack/fatalities/india-maoistinsurgency">"Yearly Fatalities"</a>. <i>South Asia Terrorism Portal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220922072536/https://www.satp.org/datasheet-terrorist-attack/fatalities/india-maoistinsurgency">Archived</a> from the original on 22 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+Asia+Terrorism+Portal&rft.atitle=Yearly+Fatalities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.satp.org%2Fdatasheet-terrorist-attack%2Ffatalities%2Findia-maoistinsurgency&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a href="#Deaths_related_to_violence_(up_to_2018)">table below</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-justicegov-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-justicegov_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2014/02/25/India_Maoist.pdf">"Armed Conflicts Report – India-Andhra Pradesh"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Ploughshares. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20090318012208/http://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/eoir/legacy/2014/02/25/India_Maoist.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 18 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Armed+Conflicts+Report+%E2%80%93+India-Andhra+Pradesh&rft.pub=Ploughshares&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.justice.gov%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Feoir%2Flegacy%2F2014%2F02%2F25%2FIndia_Maoist.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.satp.org/datasheet-terrorist-attack/fatalities/india-maoistinsurgency">"Yearly Fatalities"</a>. <i>South Asia Terrorism Portal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220922072536/https://www.satp.org/datasheet-terrorist-attack/fatalities/india-maoistinsurgency">Archived</a> from the original on 22 September 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+Asia+Terrorism+Portal&rft.atitle=Yearly+Fatalities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.satp.org%2Fdatasheet-terrorist-attack%2Ffatalities%2Findia-maoistinsurgency&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/terrorist_outfits/Janashakti.htm">"Maoist Communist Centre – Extremism, India"</a>. <i>South Asia Terrorism Portal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210426151124/https://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/terrorist_outfits/Janashakti.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 26 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+Asia+Terrorism+Portal&rft.atitle=Maoist+Communist+Centre+%E2%80%93+Extremism%2C+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.satp.org%2Fsatporgtp%2Fcountries%2Findia%2Fmaoist%2Fterrorist_outfits%2FJanashakti.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/terrorist_outfits/PWG.htm">"People's War Group – Extremism, India"</a>. <i>South Asia Terrorism Portal</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201125074700/https://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/terrorist_outfits/PWG.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+Asia+Terrorism+Portal&rft.atitle=People%27s+War+Group+%E2%80%93+Extremism%2C+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.satp.org%2Fsatporgtp%2Fcountries%2Findia%2Fmaoist%2Fterrorist_outfits%2FPWG.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101031003912/http://www.bannedthought.net/India/PeoplesMarch/PM1999-2006/publications/30%20years/part1.htm">"The Naxalbari Uprising"</a>. <i>Banned Thought</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bannedthought.net/India/PeoplesMarch/PM1999-2006/publications/30%20years/part1.htm">the original</a> on 31 October 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Banned+Thought&rft.atitle=The+Naxalbari+Uprising&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bannedthought.net%2FIndia%2FPeoplesMarch%2FPM1999-2006%2Fpublications%2F30%2520years%2Fpart1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161221162344/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/naxalite-ideology-charu-s-eight-documents/story-hiCWDlzyc5yNRgYkBMX1qL.html">"Naxalite Ideology: Charu's Eight Documents"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindustan_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hindustan Times">The Hindustan Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/naxalite-ideology-charu-s-eight-documents/story-hiCWDlzyc5yNRgYkBMX1qL.html">the original</a> on 21 December 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Naxalite+Ideology%3A+Charu%27s+Eight+Documents&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Findia%2Fnaxalite-ideology-charu-s-eight-documents%2Fstory-hiCWDlzyc5yNRgYkBMX1qL.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Diplomat-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Diplomat_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoy" class="citation web cs1">Roy, Siddharthya. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2017/09/half-a-century-of-indias-maoist-insurgency/">"Half a Century of India's Maoist Insurgency"</a>. <i>The Diplomat</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191003220504/https://thediplomat.com/2017/09/half-a-century-of-indias-maoist-insurgency/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Diplomat&rft.atitle=Half+a+Century+of+India%27s+Maoist+Insurgency&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=Siddharthya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthediplomat.com%2F2017%2F09%2Fhalf-a-century-of-indias-maoist-insurgency%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAtul_Kohli1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Atul_Kohli" title="Atul Kohli">Atul Kohli</a> (1998). <i>From breakdown to order: West Bengal</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 348. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-564765-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-564765-3"><bdi>0-19-564765-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+breakdown+to+order%3A+West+Bengal&rft.pages=348&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=0-19-564765-3&rft.au=Atul+Kohli&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-History-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-History_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180222151700/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/history-of-naxalism/story-4f1rZukARGYn3qHOqDMEbM.html">"History of Naxalism"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindustan_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hindustan Times">The Hindustan Times</a></i>. 22 February 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/history-of-naxalism/story-4f1rZukARGYn3qHOqDMEbM.html">the original</a> on 22 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=History+of+Naxalism&rft.date=2018-02-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Findia%2Fhistory-of-naxalism%2Fstory-4f1rZukARGYn3qHOqDMEbM.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSen,_Sunil_Kumar1982" class="citation book cs1">Sen, Sunil Kumar (1982). <i>Peasant movements in India: mid-nineteenth and twentieth centuries</i>. K.P. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Naxalbari%3A+How+a+peasant+uprising+triggered+a+pan-India+political+movement&rft.date=2018-05-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Fresearch%2F51-years-of-naxalbari-how-a-peasant-uprising-triggered-a-pan-india-political-movement-5191046%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailyo.in/politics/naxalite-naxalbari-may-25-1967-charu-mazumdar-kanu-sanyal/story/1/17404.html">"50 years of Naxalite movement: What happened at Naxalbari on May 25, 1967?"</a>. <i>Dailyo</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210527072445/https://www.dailyo.in/politics/naxalite-naxalbari-may-25-1967-charu-mazumdar-kanu-sanyal/story/1/17404.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dailyo&rft.atitle=50+years+of+Naxalite+movement%3A+What+happened+at+Naxalbari+on+May+25%2C+1967%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailyo.in%2Fpolitics%2Fnaxalite-naxalbari-may-25-1967-charu-mazumdar-kanu-sanyal%2Fstory%2F1%2F17404.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rediff-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rediff_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rediff_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDiwanji2003" class="citation web cs1">Diwanji, A. K. (2 October 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://us.rediff.com/news/2003/oct/02spec.htm">"Primer: Who are the Naxalites?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Rediff.com" title="Rediff.com">Rediff.com</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090504151532/http://us.rediff.com/news/2003/oct/02spec.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 4 May 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rediff.com&rft.atitle=Primer%3A+Who+are+the+Naxalites%3F&rft.date=2003-10-02&rft.aulast=Diwanji&rft.aufirst=A.+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fus.rediff.com%2Fnews%2F2003%2Foct%2F02spec.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMukherjee,_Arun2007" class="citation book cs1">Mukherjee, Arun (2007). <i>Maoist "spring thunder": the Naxalite movement 1967–1972</i>. K.P. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/mag/2004/12/05/stories/2004120500470400.htm">the original</a> on 26 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=From+Naxalbari+to+Nalgonda&rft.date=2015-06-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fmag%2F2004%2F12%2F05%2Fstories%2F2004120500470400.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mohanty-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mohanty_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMohanty,_Manoranjan1977" class="citation book cs1">Mohanty, Manoranjan (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=da2NAAAAMAAJ"><i>Revolutionary Violence. A Study of the Maoist Movement in India</i></a>. Sterling Publishers. p. 120.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Revolutionary+Violence.+A+Study+of+the+Maoist+Movement+in+India&rft.pages=120&rft.pub=Sterling+Publishers&rft.date=1977&rft.au=Mohanty%2C+Manoranjan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dda2NAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJudith_Vidal-Hall2006" class="citation book cs1">Judith Vidal-Hall (2006). <i>Naxalites</i>. Vol. 35. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cscsarchive.org:8081/MediaArchive/audience.nsf/b1bc9409c64d85a06525698d0025dc3c/5813146ae3eeee2e652572870041e297/$FILE/A0260027.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 27 November 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Economic+and+Political+Weekly&rft.atitle=Naxalite+Armed+Struggles+and+the+Annihilation+Campaign+in+Rural+Areas&rft.volume=1973&rft.pages=173-188&rft.date=1973&rft.au=Dasgupta%2C+Biplab&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cscsarchive.org%3A8081%2FMediaArchive%2Faudience.nsf%2Fb1bc9409c64d85a06525698d0025dc3c%2F5813146ae3eeee2e652572870041e297%2F%24FILE%2FA0260027.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLawotiPahari2009" class="citation book cs1">Lawoti, Mahendra; Pahari, Anup Kumar (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=KtGNAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA208">"Part V: Military and state dimension"</a>. <i>The Maoist Insurgency in Nepal: Revolution in the Twenty-first Century</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 208. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-26168-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-26168-9"><bdi>978-1-135-26168-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Part+V%3A+Military+and+state+dimension&rft.btitle=The+Maoist+Insurgency+in+Nepal%3A+Revolution+in+the+Twenty-first+Century&rft.place=London&rft.pages=208&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-135-26168-9&rft.aulast=Lawoti&rft.aufirst=Mahendra&rft.au=Pahari%2C+Anup+Kumar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKtGNAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA208&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPandita2011" class="citation book cs1">Pandita, Rahul (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IZ83V3JLXFMC&pg=PA23"><i>Hello, Bastar : The Untold Story of India's Maoist Movement</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Westland_Books" title="Westland Books">Westland</a>. pp. 23–24. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9-38065-834-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-9-38065-834-6"><bdi>978-9-38065-834-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/754482226">754482226</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hello%2C+Bastar+%3A+The+Untold+Story+of+India%27s+Maoist+Movement&rft.pages=23-24&rft.pub=Westland&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F754482226&rft.isbn=978-9-38065-834-6&rft.aulast=Pandita&rft.aufirst=Rahul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIZ83V3JLXFMC%26pg%3DPA23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/the-last-of-the-three/">"The last of the three"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Indian_Express" title="The Indian Express">The Indian Express</a></i>. 25 March 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241006095256/https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/the-last-of-the-three/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=The+last+of+the+three&rft.date=2010-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Fopinion%2Fcolumns%2Fthe-last-of-the-three%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/charu-majumdar-the-father-of-naxalism/story-xMbqnzd7MJp8nm4NamCxqJ.html">"Charu Majumdar -- The Father of Naxalism"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindustan_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hindustan Times">The Hindustan Times</a></i>. 9 May 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220124180520/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/charu-majumdar-the-father-of-naxalism/story-xMbqnzd7MJp8nm4NamCxqJ.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Charu+Majumdar+--+The+Father+of+Naxalism&rft.date=2003-05-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Findia%2Fcharu-majumdar-the-father-of-naxalism%2Fstory-xMbqnzd7MJp8nm4NamCxqJ.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160814222816/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/history-of-naxalism/story-4f1rZukARGYn3qHOqDMEbM.html">"History of Naxalism"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindustan_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hindustan Times">The Hindustan Times</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=India+Today&rft.atitle=Kerala+cops+gun+down+three+maoists%2C+kill+another+while+inspecting+encounter+spot&rft.date=2019-10-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiatoday.in%2Findia%2Fstory%2Fkerala-police-thunderbolts-maoists-naxals-killed-attapadi-hills-palakkad-1613891-2019-10-29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/dantewada-security-personnel-maoist-ied-blast-in-chhatisgarh-2364885-2023-04-26">"10 security personnel, driver killed in Maoist IED blast in Chhattisgarh's Dantewada"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/India_Today" title="India Today">India Today</a></i>. 26 April 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230507141609/https://www.indiatoday.in/india/story/dantewada-security-personnel-maoist-ied-blast-in-chhatisgarh-2364885-2023-04-26">Archived</a> from the original on 7 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=At+least+22+Indian+security+personnel+killed+in+clash+with+Maoist+insurgents&rft.date=2021-04-05&rft.aulast=Pratap&rft.aufirst=Rishabh+M.&rft.au=Gupta%2C+Swati&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2021%2F04%2F05%2Findia%2Findia-clash-maoist-insurgents-intl-hnk%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/23-maoists-were-killed-in-minpa-encounter-which-took-place-in-march-bastar-police/story-zwedqUEqJPIqRKppIj0oCL.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'23 Maoists were killed in Minpa encounter which took place in March': Bastar Police"</a>. 12 September 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210927123416/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/23-maoists-were-killed-in-minpa-encounter-which-took-place-in-march-bastar-police/story-zwedqUEqJPIqRKppIj0oCL.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Five+policemen+killed+as+Naxals+blow+up+bus+in+Chhattisgarh&rft.date=2021-03-23&rft.issn=0971-751X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Ffive-policemen-killed-as-naxals-blow-up-bus-in-chhattisgarh%2Farticle34142914.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/naxals-killed-in-encounter-in-gadchiroli-forest-in-maharashtra/article37469210.ece">"26 Naxals killed in encounter in Maharashtra's Gadchiroli district"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a></i>. 13 November 2021. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-751X">0971-751X</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241006110440/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/naxals-killed-in-encounter-in-gadchiroli-forest-in-maharashtra/article37469210.ece">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TV9&rft.atitle=Left+Wing+Extremism+Section&rft.date=2022-05-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftv9bangla.com%2Fkolkata%2Fwest-bengal-stf-launches-left-wing-extremism-section-au50-572418.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/other/madhya-pradesh-maoists-find-sanctuary-in-kanha/ar-AAWJpvr">"Madhya Pradesh: Maoists find sanctuary in Kanha"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/MSN" title="MSN">MSN</a></i>. 27 May 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221105171824/https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/other/madhya-pradesh-maoists-find-sanctuary-in-kanha/ar-AAWJpvr">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=MSN&rft.atitle=Madhya+Pradesh%3A+Maoists+find+sanctuary+in+Kanha&rft.date=2022-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.msn.com%2Fen-in%2Fnews%2Fother%2Fmadhya-pradesh-maoists-find-sanctuary-in-kanha%2Far-AAWJpvr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ibc24.in/videos/exclusive-news-naxalite-movement-increased-in-kanha-national-park-50-60-naxalites-active-in-the-area-ig-920894.html">"Naxal movement in Kanha National Park"</a> (in Hindi). 27 May 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240831020222/https://www.ibc24.in/videos/exclusive-news-naxalite-movement-increased-in-kanha-national-park-50-60-naxalites-active-in-the-area-ig-920894.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 August 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Naxal+movement+in+Kanha+National+Park&rft.date=2022-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibc24.in%2Fvideos%2Fexclusive-news-naxalite-movement-increased-in-kanha-national-park-50-60-naxalites-active-in-the-area-ig-920894.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/security-forces-kill-30-maoists-in-encounter-in-chhattisgarhs-narayanpur-101728050258612.html">"Security forces kill 30 Maoists in encounter in Chhattisgarh's Narayanpur"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hindustan_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="The Hindustan Times">The Hindustan Times</a></i>. 4 October 2024. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241006104438/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/security-forces-kill-30-maoists-in-encounter-in-chhattisgarhs-narayanpur-101728050258612.html">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Maoist+attacks+kill+Indian+police&rft.date=2007-03-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.aljazeera.net%2Fnews%2Fasia%2F2009%2F07%2F200971214640798718.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLoyd2015" class="citation journal cs1">Loyd, Anthony (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181001031238/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/2015/04/india-coal-conflict-minerals-maoist-insurgency/">"India's insurgency"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Geographic" title="National Geographic">National Geographic</a></i> (April): 95. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=India%27s+Silent+War&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.aljazeera.net%2Fprogrammes%2Faljazeeracorrespondent%2F2011%2F10%2F20111019124251679523.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-satp1-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-satp1_165-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171008023622/http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/data_sheets/fatalitiesnaxalmha.htm">"Fatalities in Left-wing Extremism: 1999–2016"</a>. <i>South Asia Terrorism Portal</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=South+Asia+Terrorism+Portal&rft.atitle=Fatalities+in+Left-wing+Extremism%3A+1999%E2%80%932016&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.satp.org%2Fsatporgtp%2Fcountries%2Findia%2Fmaoist%2Fdata_sheets%2Ffatalitiesnaxalmha.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChakravarti2008" class="citation book cs1">Chakravarti, Sudeep (2008). <i>Red Sun: Travels In Naxalite Country</i> (Rev. ed.). New Delhi: Penguin Books India. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0670081332" title="Special:BookSources/978-0670081332"><bdi>978-0670081332</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Red+Sun%3A+Travels+In+Naxalite+Country&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.edition=Rev.&rft.pub=Penguin+Books+India&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0670081332&rft.aulast=Chakravarti&rft.aufirst=Sudeep&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Mukherjee, Shivaji (2021). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=h9_lzQEACAAJ">Colonial Institutions and Civil War: Indirect Rule and Maoist Insurgency in India</a></i>. Cambridge University Press.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoy2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Arundhati_Roy" title="Arundhati Roy">Roy, Arundhati</a> (2011). <i>Walking With The Comrades</i>. New Delhi: Penguin Books India. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0670085538" title="Special:BookSources/978-0670085538"><bdi>978-0670085538</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Walking+With+The+Comrades&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pub=Penguin+Books+India&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0670085538&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=Arundhati&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShah2019" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alpa_Shah" title="Alpa Shah">Shah, Alpa</a> (2019). <i>Nightmarch: Among India's Revolutionary Guerrillas</i>. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0226590165" title="Special:BookSources/978-0226590165"><bdi>978-0226590165</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nightmarch%3A+Among+India%27s+Revolutionary+Guerrillas&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=The+University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=978-0226590165&rft.aulast=Shah&rft.aufirst=Alpa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANaxalite%E2%80%93Maoist+insurgency" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Verghese, A. (2016). "<a href="//doi.org/10.1017/S0026749X14000687" class="extiw" title="doi:10.1017/S0026749X14000687">British Rule and Tribal Revolts in India: The curious case of Bastar.</a>" <i>Modern Asian Studies</i>, 50(5), 1619–1644.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.civilserviceindia.com/current-affairs/articles/naxal-insurgency-in-india.html">Naxal insurgency in India</a>, CivilServiceIndia.com.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.satp.org/satporgtp/countries/india/maoist/data_sheets/maoist_datasheet.html">Data on Naxalite-Maoist Insurgency fatalities in India</a>, Institute for Conflict Management (South Asia), SATP.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190721123041/https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/dc23/889f24141acfab521d0716bd486625fe1a60.pdfhttps://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/dc23/889f24141acfab521d0716bd486625fe1a60.pdf">The political economy of the Maoist conflict in India : an empirical analysis</a>, Joseph Gomes (2012), University of Madrid, Spain.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ias.sagepub.com/content/15/2/141.short">Hearts and mines: A district-level analysis of the Maoist conflict in India</a>, Kristian Hoelscher et al., University of Oslo, Norway, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F2233865912447022">10.1177/2233865912447022</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141029184536/http://dial2013.dauphine.fr/fileadmin/mediatheque/dial2013/documents/Papers/301_France_VandenEynde.pdf">Targets of Violence: Evidence from India’s Naxalite Conflict</a> Oliver Vanden Eynde (2013), Paris School of Economics.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ndupress.ndu.edu/Portals/68/Documents/stratperspective/inss/Strategic-Perspectives-22.pdf">India’s Naxalite Insurgency: History, Trajectory, and Implications for U.S.-India Security Cooperation on Domestic Counterinsurgency</a> by Thomas F. Lynch III – Institute for National Strategic Studies.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Naxalite–Maoist_insurgency" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency" title="Template:Naxalite-Maoist insurgency"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency" title="Template talk:Naxalite-Maoist insurgency"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Naxalite-Maoist_insurgency" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Naxalite-Maoist insurgency"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Naxalite–Maoist_insurgency" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Naxalite–Maoist insurgency</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Naxalite%E2%80%93Maoist_insurgency" title="Timeline of the Naxalite–Maoist insurgency">Events</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Naxalbari_uprising" title="Naxalbari uprising">Naxalbari uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Green_Hunt" title="Operation Green Hunt">Operation Green Hunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Lalgarh" title="Operation Lalgarh">Operation Lalgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bara_massacre" title="Bara massacre">1992 Bara massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafiganj_train_wreck" title="Rafiganj train wreck">2002 Rafiganj train wreck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Lahsuna_massacre" title="2004 Lahsuna massacre">2004 Lahsuna massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajnandgaon_ambush" title="Rajnandgaon ambush">2009 Rajnandgaon ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silda_camp_attack" title="Silda camp attack">2010 Silda camp attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dantewada_ambush" class="mw-redirect" title="Dantewada ambush">2010 Dantewada ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Dantewada_bus_bombing" title="2010 Dantewada bus bombing">2010 Dantewada bus bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnaneswari_Express_train_derailment" title="Jnaneswari Express train derailment">2010 Jnaneswari train derailment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Naxal_attack_in_Darbha_valley" title="2013 Naxal attack in Darbha valley">2013 Darbha valley attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Chhattisgarh_attack" title="2014 Chhattisgarh attack">2014 Chhattisgarh attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Sukma_attack" title="2017 Sukma attack">2017 Sukma attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Sukma_attack" title="2018 Sukma attack">2018 Sukma attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadchiroli_Naxal_bombing" title="Gadchiroli Naxal bombing">2019 Gadchiroli Naxal bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Sukma%E2%80%93Bijapur_attack" title="2021 Sukma–Bijapur attack">2021 Sukma–Bijapur attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Dantewada_bombing" title="2023 Dantewada bombing">2023 Dantewada bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Kanker_clash" title="2024 Kanker clash">2024 Kanker clash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Abujhmarh_clash" title="2024 Abujhmarh clash">2024 Abujhmarh clash</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Naxalite_and_Maoist_groups_in_India" title="List of Naxalite and Maoist groups in India">Naxalite–Maoist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Maoist)" title="Communist Party of India (Maoist)">CPI-Maoist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maoist_Communist_Centre_of_India" title="Maoist Communist Centre of India">Maoist Communist Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Guerrilla_Army_(India)" title="People's Liberation Guerrilla Army (India)">People's Liberation Guerrilla Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_War_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="People's War Group">People's War Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)">CPI Marxist–Leninist</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unity_Centre_of_Communist_Revolutionaries_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)_(Ajmer_group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Ajmer group)">Ajmer Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)_Central_Team" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Central Team">Central Team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)_Janashakti" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Janashakti">Janashakti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)_Liberation" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Liberation">Liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)_(Mahadev_Mukherjee)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Mahadev Mukherjee)">Mukherjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)_Naxalbari" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Naxalbari">Naxalbari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)_New_Democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) New Democracy">New Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)_Organizing_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Organizing Committee">Organizing Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Central_Committee,_Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Provisional Central Committee, Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)">Provisional Central Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unity_Centre_of_Communist_Revolutionaries_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)_(D.V._Rao)" class="mw-redirect" title="Unity Centre of Communist Revolutionaries of India (Marxist-Leninist) (D.V. Rao)">Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)_Red_Flag" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Red Flag">Red Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)_Red_Star" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Red Star">Red Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_Reorganization_Centre_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party Reorganization Centre of India (Marxist-Leninist)">Reorganization Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Re-organizing_Committee,_Communist_League_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Re-organizing Committee, Communist League of India (Marxist-Leninist)">Re-organizing Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)_(Kanu_Sanyal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) (Kanu Sanyal)">Sanyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)_Shantipal" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Shantipal">Shantipal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)_Somnath" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Somnath">Somnath</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Coordination_Committee_of_Communist_Revolutionaries" title="All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries">All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_of_Indian_Communists" title="Centre of Indian Communists">Centre of Indian Communists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Ghadar_Party_of_India" title="Communist Ghadar Party of India">Communist Ghadar Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Bharat" title="Communist Party of Bharat">Communist Party of Bharat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_United_States_of_India" title="Communist Party of United States of India">Communist Party of United States of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Revolutionary_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Revolutionary Centre">Communist Revolutionary Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lal_Jhanda_Dal" title="Lal Jhanda Dal">Lal Jhanda Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoist_Communist_Party_of_Manipur" title="Maoist Communist Party of Manipur">Maoist Communist Party of Manipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Centre_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist-Maoist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Communist Centre of India (Marxist-Leninist-Maoist)">Revolutionary Communist Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Socialist_Party_of_India_(Marxist-Leninist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Socialist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist)">Revolutionary Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Communist_Unity_Centre_(Marxist-Leninist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary Communist Unity Centre (Marxist-Leninist)">Revolutionary Communist Unity Centre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azad_(Maoist)" title="Azad (Maoist)">Azad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anand_(Maoist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anand (Maoist)">Anand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashutosh_Tudu" title="Ashutosh Tudu">Ashutosh Tudu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charu_Majumdar" title="Charu Majumdar">Charu Majumdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deo_Kumar_Singh" title="Deo Kumar Singh">Deo Kumar Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dipankar_Bhattacharya" title="Dipankar Bhattacharya">Dipankar Bhattacharya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagdish_Mahto" title="Jagdish Mahto">Jagdish Mahto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jangal_Santhal" title="Jangal Santhal">Jangal Santhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanu_Sanyal" title="Kanu Sanyal">Kanu Sanyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kondapalli_Seetharamaiah" title="Kondapalli Seetharamaiah">Kondapalli Seetharamaiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koora_Rajanna" title="Koora Rajanna">Koora Rajanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosa_(Maoist)" title="Kosa (Maoist)">Kosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishenji" title="Kishenji">Kishenji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahadev_Mukherjee" class="mw-redirect" title="Mahadev Mukherjee">Mahadev Mukherjee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahendar_Prasad_Singh" title="Mahendar Prasad Singh">Mahendar Prasad Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milind_Teltumbde" title="Milind Teltumbde">Milind Teltumbde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muppala_Lakshmana_Rao" class="mw-redirect" title="Muppala Lakshmana Rao">Muppala Lakshmana Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nambala_Keshava_Rao" title="Nambala Keshava Rao">Nambala Keshava Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narmada_Akka" title="Narmada Akka">Narmada Akka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P.C._Unnichekkan" class="mw-redirect" title="P.C. Unnichekkan">P.C. Unnichekkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prashant_Bose" title="Prashant Bose">Prashant Bose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravindra_Singh_Kushwaha" title="Ravindra Singh Kushwaha">Ravindra Singh Kushwaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabitha_Kumari" title="Sabitha Kumari">Sabitha Kumari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabyasachi_Panda" title="Sabyasachi Panda">Sabyasachi Panda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santosh_Rana" title="Santosh Rana">Santosh Rana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyanarayan_Singh_(Bihar_politician,_died_1984)" title="Satyanarayan Singh (Bihar politician, died 1984)">Satyanarayan Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shankar_Rao_(Maoist_leader)" title="Shankar Rao (Maoist leader)">Shankar Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushital_Ray_Chowdhury" title="Sushital Ray Chowdhury">Sushital Ray Chowdhury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yalavarthi_Naveen_Babu" title="Yalavarthi Naveen Babu">Yalavarthi Naveen Babu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government</a> and <br /> <a href="/wiki/Counter_insurgency" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter insurgency">counter insurgency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_police" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal police">Central agencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Border_Security_Force" title="Border Security Force">Border Security Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Armed_Police_Forces" title="Central Armed Police Forces">Central Armed Police Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Reserve_Police_Force" title="Central Reserve Police Force">Central Reserve Police Force</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commando_Battalion_for_Resolute_Action" title="Commando Battalion for Resolute Action">Commando Battalion for Resolute Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_Action_Force" title="Rapid Action Force">Rapid Action Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Guard" title="National Security Guard">National Security Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Protection_Group" title="Special Protection Group">Special Protection Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/State_Armed_Police_Forces" title="State Armed Police Forces">State armed</a> and <br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_police_tactical_units" title="List of police tactical units">tactical units</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh_Police" title="Andhra Pradesh Police">Andhra Pradesh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greyhounds_(police)" title="Greyhounds (police)">Greyhounds</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bihar_Police" title="Bihar Police">Bihar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhattisgarh_Police" title="Chhattisgarh Police">Chhattisgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jharkhand_Police" title="Jharkhand Police">Jharkhand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karnataka_Police" title="Karnataka Police">Karnataka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Police" title="Kerala Police">Kerala</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_Thunderbolts" title="Kerala Thunderbolts">Kerala Thunderbolts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh_Police" title="Madhya Pradesh Police">Madhya Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maharashtra_Police" title="Maharashtra Police">Maharashtra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Force_One_(Mumbai_Police)" class="mw-redirect" title="Force One (Mumbai Police)">Force One</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odisha_Police" title="Odisha Police">Odisha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_Operation_Group_(Odisha)" title="Special Operation Group (Odisha)">Special Operation Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Tactical_Unit" title="Special Tactical Unit">Special Tactical Unit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Police" title="Tamil Nadu Police">Tamil Nadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telangana_Police" title="Telangana Police">Telangana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal_Police" title="West Bengal Police">West Bengal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counter_Insurgency_Force" title="Counter Insurgency Force">Counter Insurgency Force</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Militia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bajrang_Dal" title="Bajrang Dal">Bajrang Dal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhumi_Sena" title="Bhumi Sena">Bhumi Sena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuer_Sena" title="Kuer Sena">Kuer Sena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorik_Sena" title="Lorik Sena">Lorik Sena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranvir_Sena" title="Ranvir Sena">Ranvir Sena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salwa_Judum" title="Salwa Judum">Salwa Judum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunlight_Sena" title="Sunlight Sena">Sunlight Sena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tritiya_Prastuti_Committee" title="Tritiya Prastuti Committee">Tritiya Prastuti Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahmeshwar_Singh" title="Brahmeshwar Singh">Brahmeshwar Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahendra_Karma" title="Mahendra Karma">Mahendra Karma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pranay_Sahay" title="Pranay Sahay">Pranay Sahay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajeev_Rai_Bhatnagar" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajeev Rai Bhatnagar">Rajeev Rai Bhatnagar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Eight_Documents" title="Historic Eight Documents">Historic Eight Documents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_war" title="People's war">People's war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%E2%80%93Maoism" title="Marxism–Leninism–Maoism">Marxism–Leninism–Maoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_corridor" title="Red corridor">Red corridor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Separatist_movements_in_India" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:India_separatist_movements" title="Template:India separatist movements"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:India_separatist_movements" title="Template talk:India separatist movements"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:India_separatist_movements" title="Special:EditPage/Template:India separatist movements"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Separatist_movements_in_India" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Separatist_movements_of_India" title="Separatist movements of India">Separatist movements</a> in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dravida_Nadu" title="Dravida Nadu">Dravida Nadu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir">Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Northeast_India" title="Insurgency in Northeast India">Insurgency in Northeast India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Arunachal_Pradesh" title="Insurgency in Arunachal Pradesh">Arunachal Pradesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assam_separatist_movements" title="Assam separatist movements">Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Meghalaya" title="Insurgency in Meghalaya">Meghalaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Manipur" title="Insurgency in Manipur">Manipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_conflict_in_Nagaland" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic conflict in Nagaland">Nagaland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalistan_movement" title="Khalistan movement">Khalistan movement</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Naxalite–Maoist insurgency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Separatist organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_Tripura_Tiger_Force" title="All Tripura Tiger Force">All Tripura Tiger Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babbar_Khalsa" title="Babbar Khalsa">Babbar Khalsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhindranwala_Tigers_Force_of_Khalistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhindranwala Tigers Force of Khalistan">Bhindranwala Tigers Force of Khalistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodo_Liberation_Tigers_Force" title="Bodo Liberation Tigers Force">Bodo Liberation Tigers Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dal_Khalsa_(International)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dal Khalsa (International)">Dal Khalsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dashmesh_Regiment" title="Dashmesh Regiment">Dashmesh Regiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Sikh_Youth_Federation" title="International Sikh Youth Federation">International Sikh Youth Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_Kashmir_Liberation_Front" title="Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front">Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_Kashmir_Liberation_Front_(Yasin_Malik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (Yasin Malik)">Jammu Kashmir Liberation Front (Yasin Malik)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamtapur_Liberation_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamtapur Liberation Organization">Kamtapur Liberation Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanglei_Yawol_Kanna_Lup" title="Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup">Kanglei Yawol Kanna Lup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalistan_Liberation_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Khalistan Liberation Army">Khalistan Liberation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karbi_Longri_N.C._Hills_Liberation_Front" class="mw-redirect" title="Karbi Longri N.C. Hills Liberation Front">Karbi Longri N.C. Hills Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalistan_Zindabad_Force" title="Khalistan Zindabad Force">Khalistan Zindabad Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizo_National_Front" title="Mizo National Front">Mizo National Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_United_Liberation_Tigers_of_Assam" title="Muslim United Liberation Tigers of Assam">Muslim United Liberation Tigers of Assam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Democratic_Front_of_Bodoland" class="mw-redirect" title="National Democratic Front of Bodoland">National Democratic Front of Bodoland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_of_Manipur" title="People's Liberation Army of Manipur">People's Liberation Army of Manipur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Revolutionary_Party_of_Kangleipak" title="People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak">People's Revolutionary Party of Kangleipak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu_Liberation_Army" title="Tamil Nadu Liberation Army">Tamil Nadu Liberation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehreek-e-Hurriyat" title="Tehreek-e-Hurriyat">Tehreek-e-Hurriyat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripura_National_Volunteers" title="Tripura National Volunteers">Tripura National Volunteers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Liberation_Front_of_Asom" title="United Liberation Front of Asom">United Liberation Front of Asom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_National_Liberation_Front" title="United National Liberation Front">United National Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_People%27s_Democratic_Solidarity" title="United People's Democratic Solidarity">United People's Democratic Solidarity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waris_Punjab_De" title="Waris Punjab De">Waris Punjab De</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-India_Muslim_League" title="All-India Muslim League">All-India Muslim League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bodoland_People%27s_Front" title="Bodoland People's Front">Bodoland People's Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Parties_Hurriyat_Conference" title="All Parties Hurriyat Conference">All Parties Hurriyat Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Jammu_and_Kashmir_Muslim_Conference" title="All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference">All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_Democratic_Freedom_Party" title="Jammu and Kashmir Democratic Freedom Party">Jammu and Kashmir Democratic Freedom Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jammu_Kashmir_Democratic_Liberation_Party" title="Jammu Kashmir Democratic Liberation Party">Jammu Kashmir Democratic Liberation Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kashmir_People%27s_National_Party" title="United Kashmir People's National Party">United Kashmir People's National Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abhizeet_Asom" title="Abhizeet Asom">Abhizeet Asom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amanullah_Khan" title="Amanullah Khan">Amanullah Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angami_Zapu_Phizo" class="mw-redirect" title="Angami Zapu Phizo">Angami Zapu Phizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anup_Chetia" title="Anup Chetia">Anup Chetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabinda_Rajkhowa" title="Arabinda Rajkhowa">Arabinda Rajkhowa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayub_Thakur" title="Ayub Thakur">Ayub Thakur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biswamohan_Debbarma" title="Biswamohan Debbarma">Biswamohan Debbarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fateh_Singh_(Sikh_leader)" title="Fateh Singh (Sikh leader)">Fateh Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hashim_Qureshi" title="Hashim Qureshi">Hashim Qureshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarnail_Singh_Bhindranwale" title="Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale">Jarnail Singh Bhindranwale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakhbir_Singh_Brar_Rode" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakhbir Singh Brar Rode">Lakhbir Singh Brar Rode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirwaiz_Umar_Farooq" title="Mirwaiz Umar Farooq">Mirwaiz Umar Farooq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Abbas_Ansari" title="Mohammad Abbas Ansari">Mohammad Abbas Ansari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muppala_Lakshmana_Rao" class="mw-redirect" title="Muppala Lakshmana Rao">Muppala Lakshmana Rao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paresh_Baruah" title="Paresh Baruah">Paresh Baruah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranjit_Debbarma" title="Ranjit Debbarma">Ranjit Debbarma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Abdul_Aziz" title="Sheikh Abdul Aziz">Sheikh Abdul Aziz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syed_Ali_Shah_Geelani" title="Syed Ali Shah Geelani">Syed Ali Shah Geelani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukhdev_Singh_Babbar" title="Sukhdev Singh Babbar">Sukhdev Singh Babbar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talwinder_Singh_Parmar" title="Talwinder Singh Parmar">Talwinder Singh Parmar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Controversies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_abuses_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Human rights abuses in Jammu and Kashmir">Human rights abuses in Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_issues_in_Northeast_India" title="Human rights issues in Northeast India">Human rights issues in Northeast India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_abuses_in_Punjab,_India" title="Human rights abuses in Punjab, India">Human rights abuses in Punjab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ongoing_armed_conflicts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ongoing_military_conflicts" title="Template:Ongoing military conflicts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ongoing_military_conflicts" title="Template talk:Ongoing military conflicts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ongoing_military_conflicts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ongoing military conflicts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ongoing_armed_conflicts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ongoing_armed_conflicts" title="List of ongoing armed conflicts">Ongoing armed conflicts</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Democratic_Forces_insurgency" title="Allied Democratic Forces insurgency">Allied Democratic Forces insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglophone_Crisis" title="Anglophone Crisis">Anglophone Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinda_War" title="Cabinda War">Cabinda War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic_Civil_War" title="Central African Republic Civil War">Central African Republic Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Chad_(2016%E2%80%93present)" title="Insurgency in Chad (2016–present)">Insurgency in Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katanga_insurgency" title="Katanga insurgency">Insurgency in the Democratic Republic of the Congo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ituri_conflict" title="Ituri conflict">Ituri conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_DR_Congo_clashes" title="Western DR Congo clashes">Western DR Congo clashes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kivu_conflict" title="Kivu conflict">Kivu conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M23_offensive_(2022%E2%80%93present)" title="M23 offensive (2022–present)">M23 offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Resistance_Army_insurgency" title="Lord's Resistance Army insurgency">Lord's Resistance Army insurgency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allied_Democratic_Forces_insurgency" title="Allied Democratic Forces insurgency">ADF insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_civil_conflict_(2018%E2%80%93present)" title="Ethiopian civil conflict (2018–present)">Ethiopian civil conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afar%E2%80%93Somali_clashes" title="Afar–Somali clashes">Afar–Somali clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OLA_insurgency" title="OLA insurgency">OLA insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oromo_conflict" title="Oromo conflict">Oromo conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Amhara" title="War in Amhara">War in Amhara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_violence_in_South_Sudan" title="Ethnic violence in South Sudan">Ethnic violence in South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Cabo_Delgado" title="Insurgency in Cabo Delgado">Insurgency in Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Civil_War" title="Somali Civil War">Somali Civil War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Atalanta" title="Operation Atalanta">Operation Atalanta</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_terrorism_in_Egypt_(2013%E2%80%93present)" title="Timeline of terrorism in Egypt (2013–present)">Insurgency in Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_the_Maghreb_(2002%E2%80%93present)" title="Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)">Insurgency in the Maghreb</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamist_insurgency_in_the_Sahel" title="Islamist insurgency in the Sahel">Insurgency in the Sahel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihadist_insurgency_in_Burkina_Faso" class="mw-redirect" title="Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso">Jihadist insurgency in Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihadist_insurgency_in_Niger" title="Jihadist insurgency in Niger">Jihadist insurgency in Niger</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Crisis_(2011%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Libyan Crisis (2011–present)">Libyan Crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinai_insurgency" title="Sinai insurgency">Sinai insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_nomadic_conflicts" title="Sudanese nomadic conflicts">Sudanese nomadic conflicts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_violence_in_South_Sudan" title="Ethnic violence in South Sudan">Ethnic violence in South Sudan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Darfur" title="War in Darfur">War in Darfur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara_conflict" title="Western Sahara conflict">Western Sahara conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Saharan_clashes_(2020%E2%80%93present)" title="Western Saharan clashes (2020–present)">Western Saharan clashes</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communal_conflicts_in_Nigeria" title="Communal conflicts in Nigeria">Communal conflicts in Nigeria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boko_Haram_insurgency" title="Boko Haram insurgency">Boko Haram insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herder%E2%80%93farmer_conflicts_in_Nigeria" title="Herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria">Herder–farmer conflicts in Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigerian_bandit_conflict" title="Nigerian bandit conflict">Nigerian bandit conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_violence_in_Nigeria" title="Religious violence in Nigeria">Religious violence in Nigeria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_in_the_Niger_Delta" title="Conflict in the Niger Delta">Conflict in the Niger Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Southeastern_Nigeria" title="Insurgency in Southeastern Nigeria">Insurgency in Southeastern Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mali_War" title="Mali War">Mali War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azawad_conflict" title="Azawad conflict">Azawad conflict</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Togoland_Rebellion" title="Western Togoland Rebellion">Western Togoland Rebellion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_political_conflict" title="Jamaican political conflict">Jamaican political conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_drug_war" title="Mexican drug war">Mexican drug war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvadoran_gang_crackdown" title="Salvadoran gang crackdown">Salvadoran gang crackdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduran_gang_crackdown" title="Honduran gang crackdown">Honduran gang crackdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gang_war_in_Haiti" title="Gang war in Haiti">Gang war in Haiti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colombian_conflict" title="Colombian conflict">Colombian conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecuadorian_security_crisis" title="Ecuadorian security crisis">Ecuadorian security crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Paraguay" title="Insurgency in Paraguay">Insurgency in Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peruvian_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="Peruvian conflict">Peruvian conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mapuche_conflict" title="Mapuche conflict">Mapuche conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_conflict" title="Korean conflict">Korean conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_conflict" title="Xinjiang conflict">Xinjiang conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_conflict" title="Afghan conflict">Afghan conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State%E2%80%93Taliban_conflict" title="Islamic State–Taliban conflict">Islamic State–Taliban conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_insurgency_in_Afghanistan" title="Republican insurgency in Afghanistan">Republican insurgency</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_Bangladesh" title="Terrorism in Bangladesh">Internal conflict in Bangladesh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh_drug_war" title="Bangladesh drug war">Drugs</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Northeast_India" title="Insurgency in Northeast India">Insurgency in Northeast India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir">Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Naxalite–Maoist insurgency</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Radd-ul-Fasaad" title="Operation Radd-ul-Fasaad">Insurgency in Pakistan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Sindh" title="Insurgency in Sindh">Insurgency in Sindh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistan_and_Baluchestan_insurgency" title="Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency">Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes">Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Sindh" title="Insurgency in Sindh">Insurgency in Sindh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectarian_violence_in_Pakistan" title="Sectarian violence in Pakistan">Sectarian violence in Pakistan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South-<br />east</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar_conflict" title="Myanmar conflict">Myanmar conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar_civil_war_(2021%E2%80%93present)" title="Myanmar civil war (2021–present)">Myanmar civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kachin_conflict" title="Kachin conflict">Kachin conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalay_clashes" title="Kalay clashes">Kalay clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen_conflict" title="Karen conflict">Karen conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karen%E2%80%93Mon_conflict" title="Karen–Mon conflict">Karen–Mon conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_in_Rakhine_State_(2016%E2%80%93present)" title="Conflict in Rakhine State (2016–present)">Conflict in Rakhine State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohingya_conflict" title="Rohingya conflict">Rohingya conflict</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_conflict_in_the_Philippines" title="Civil conflict in the Philippines">Conflicts in the Philippines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_People%27s_Army_rebellion" title="New People's Army rebellion">Communist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_drug_war" title="Philippine drug war">Drug war</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_conflict" title="Papua conflict">Papua conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Thailand_insurgency" title="South Thailand insurgency">South Thailand insurgency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia_conflict" title="Abkhazia conflict">Abkhazia conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian%E2%80%93Ossetian_conflict" title="Georgian–Ossetian conflict">Georgian–Ossetian conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistan_and_Baluchestan_insurgency" title="Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency">Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_conflict" title="Iraqi conflict">Iraq conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_insurgency_in_Iraq_(2017%E2%80%93present)" title="Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present)">Islamic State insurgency in Iraq</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict">Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qatif_conflict" title="Qatif conflict">Qatif conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_crisis" title="Yemeni crisis">Yemeni crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saudi-led_intervention_in_the_Yemeni_civil_war" title="Saudi-led intervention in the Yemeni civil war">Saudi–led intervention</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Yemeni Civil war</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Israel proxy conflict">Iran–Israel proxy conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="Gaza–Israel conflict">Gaza–Israel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hezbollah%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="Hezbollah–Israel conflict">Hezbollah–Israel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Iran–Israel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Iran–Israel conflict in Syria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_separatism_in_Iran" title="Kurdish separatism in Iran">Kurdish separatism in Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93PJAK_conflict" title="Iran–PJAK conflict">Iran–PJAK conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Iran_clashes_(2016%E2%80%93present)" title="Western Iran clashes (2016–present)">Western Iran clashes</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_insurgency" title="Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency">Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_insurgency_(2015%E2%80%93present)" title="Timeline of the Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency (2015–present)">2015–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey" title="Maoist insurgency in Turkey">Maoist insurgency in Turkey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DHKP/C_insurgency_in_Turkey" title="DHKP/C insurgency in Turkey">DHKP/C insurgency in Turkey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_insurgency" title="Daraa insurgency">Daraa insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(December_2017%E2%80%93present)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (December 2017–present)">Desert campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-rebel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rojava_conflict" title="Rojava conflict">Rojava conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Russian intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian%E2%80%93Turkish_border_clashes_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian–Turkish border clashes during the Syrian civil war">Syrian–Turkish border clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_insurgency_in_Deir_ez-Zor" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic State insurgency in Deir ez-Zor">Islamic State insurgency in Deir ez-Zor</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia_conflict" title="Abkhazia conflict">Abkhazia conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian%E2%80%93Ossetian_conflict" title="Georgian–Ossetian conflict">Georgian–Ossetian conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_insurgency_in_the_North_Caucasus" title="Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus">Islamic State insurgency in the North Caucasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dissident_Irish_republican_campaign" title="Dissident Irish republican campaign">Dissident Irish republican campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyalist_feud" title="Loyalist feud">Loyalist feud</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Post–Cold_War_conflicts_in_Asia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Post-Cold_War_Asian_conflicts" title="Template:Post-Cold War Asian conflicts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Post-Cold_War_Asian_conflicts" title="Template talk:Post-Cold War Asian conflicts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Post-Cold_War_Asian_conflicts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Post-Cold War Asian conflicts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Post–Cold_War_conflicts_in_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Post–<a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_conflicts_in_Asia" title="List of conflicts in Asia">conflicts in Asia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">India</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_conflict" title="Kashmir conflict">Kashmir conflict (1947–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2013_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2013 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2013 India–Pakistan border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014%E2%80%932015_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2014–2015 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2014–2015 India–Pakistan border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%932018_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2016–2018 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2016–2018 India–Pakistan border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kargil_War" title="Kargil War">Kargil War (1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir">Jammu and Kashmir insurgency (1989–present)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Northeast_India" title="Insurgency in Northeast India">Insurgency in Northeast India (1964–present)</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Naxalite–Maoist insurgency (1967–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_violence_in_India" title="Religious violence in India">Religious violence in India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Punjab,_India" title="Insurgency in Punjab, India">Insurgency in Punjab (1981–1995)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pakistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes">Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kashmir_conflict" title="Kashmir conflict">Kashmir conflict (1947–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2013_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2013 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">2013 India–Pakistan border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014%E2%80%932015_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2014–2015 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">India–Pakistan border skirmishes (2014–2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016%E2%80%932018_India%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="2016–2018 India–Pakistan border skirmishes">India–Pakistan border skirmishes (2016–2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kargil_War" title="Kargil War">Kargil War (1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Jammu_and_Kashmir" title="Insurgency in Jammu and Kashmir">Jammu and Kashmir insurgency (1989–present)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Balochistan" title="Insurgency in Balochistan">Insurgency in Balochistan (2004–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Insurgency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (2004–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Sindh" title="Insurgency in Sindh">Insurgency in Sindh (2010–present)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sri Lanka</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1971_JVP_insurrection" title="1971 JVP insurrection">JVP insurrection (1971)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lankan_civil_war" title="Sri Lankan civil war">Sri Lankan civil war (1983–2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1987%E2%80%931989_JVP_insurrection" title="1987–1989 JVP insurrection">JVP insurrection (1987–1989)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932013_Maldives_political_crisis" title="2011–2013 Maldives political crisis">Maldives political crisis (2011–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nepalese_Civil_War" title="Nepalese Civil War">Nepalese Civil War (1996–2006)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_All_Clear" title="Operation All Clear">Operation All Clear</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">China</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis" title="Third Taiwan Strait Crisis">Taiwan Strait Crisis (1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_conflict" title="Xinjiang conflict">Xinjiang conflict (1960s–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Tibetan_unrest" title="2008 Tibetan unrest">Tibetan unrest (2008)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Korea <span style="font-size:85%;">(North<br />and South)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_conflict" title="Korean conflict">Korean conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_border_incidents_involving_North_and_South_Korea" title="List of border incidents involving North and South Korea">Maritime border incidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1994_North_Korean_nuclear_crisis" title="1994 North Korean nuclear crisis">1994 North Korean nuclear crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017%E2%80%932018_North_Korea_crisis" title="2017–2018 North Korea crisis">2017–2018 crisis</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Taiwan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third_Taiwan_Strait_Crisis" title="Third Taiwan Strait Crisis">Taiwan Strait Crisis (1996)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southeast Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cambodia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian%E2%80%93Thai_border_dispute" title="Cambodian–Thai border dispute">Cambodian–Thai border dispute (2008–2011)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indonesia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papua_conflict" title="Papua conflict">Papua conflict (1969–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Aceh" title="Insurgency in Aceh">Insurgency in Aceh (1976–2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Madago_Raya" title="Operation Madago Raya">East Indonesia Mujahideen insurgency (2015–2022)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Myanmar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar_conflict" title="Myanmar conflict">Myanmar conflict (1948–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karen_conflict" title="Karen conflict">Karen conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kachin_conflict" title="Kachin conflict">Kachin conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohingya_conflict" title="Rohingya conflict">Rohingya conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myanmar_civil_war_(2021%E2%80%93present)" title="Myanmar civil war (2021–present)">Civil war (2021–present)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Thailand</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Thailand_insurgency" title="South Thailand insurgency">South Thailand insurgency (2004–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian%E2%80%93Thai_border_dispute" title="Cambodian–Thai border dispute">Cambodian–Thai border dispute (2008–2011)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East Timor</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_occupation_of_East_Timor" title="Indonesian occupation of East Timor">Indonesian occupation (1975–1999)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_East_Timorese_crisis" title="1999 East Timorese crisis">1999 crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_East_Timorese_crisis" title="2006 East Timorese crisis">2006 crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambodian_Conflict_(1979%E2%80%931998)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambodian Conflict (1979–1998)">Cambodian Conflict (1979–1998)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Laos" title="Insurgency in Laos">Laotian insurgency (1975–2022)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_conflict_in_the_Philippines" title="Civil conflict in the Philippines">Philippine civil conflict (1969–present)</a> <ul><li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/New_People%27s_Army_rebellion" title="New People's Army rebellion">NPA</a></span></li> <li><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Moro_conflict" title="Moro conflict">Moro</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FULRO_insurgency" title="FULRO insurgency">FULRO insurgency (1964–1992)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Afghanistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Pakistan_border_skirmishes" title="Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes">Afghanistan–Pakistan border skirmishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_conflict" title="Afghan conflict">Afghan conflict</a> <ul><li>Civil War <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Civil_War_(1989%E2%80%931992)" title="Afghan Civil War (1989–1992)">1989–1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Civil_War_(1992%E2%80%931996)" title="Afghan Civil War (1992–1996)">1992–1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Civil_War_(1996%E2%80%932001)" title="Afghan Civil War (1996–2001)">1996–2001</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">2001–2021 War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_insurgency_in_Afghanistan" title="Republican insurgency in Afghanistan">Republican insurgency</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kazakhstan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethnic_conflicts_in_Kazakhstan" title="Ethnic conflicts in Kazakhstan">Ethnic conflicts</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kyrgyzstan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990_Osh_clashes" title="1990 Osh clashes">1990 Osh clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Kyrgyz_Revolution" title="2010 Kyrgyz Revolution">2010 Kyrgyz Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_South_Kyrgyzstan_ethnic_clashes" title="2010 South Kyrgyzstan ethnic clashes">2010 South Kyrgyzstan ethnic clashes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tajikistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tajikistani_Civil_War" title="Tajikistani Civil War">Tajikistani Civil War (1992–1997)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Gorno-Badakhshan_(2010%E2%80%932015)" title="Insurgency in Gorno-Badakhshan (2010–2015)">Insurgency in Gorno-Badakhshan (2010–2015)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Uzbekistan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fergana_massacre" title="Fergana massacre">Fergana massacre (1989)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andijan_massacre" title="Andijan massacre">Andijan massacre (2005)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Azerbaijan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict" title="Nagorno-Karabakh conflict">Nagorno-Karabakh conflict (1988–2024)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Nagorno-Karabakh_War" title="First Nagorno-Karabakh War">First War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Nagorno-Karabakh_conflict" title="2016 Nagorno-Karabakh conflict">2016 conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Nagorno-Karabakh_War" title="Second Nagorno-Karabakh War">Second War</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bahrain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Bahraini_uprising" title="2011 Bahraini uprising">Bahraini uprising (2011)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Iran</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_separatism_in_Iran" title="Kurdish separatism in Iran">Kurdish separatism in Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/KDPI_insurgency_(1989%E2%80%931996)" title="KDPI insurgency (1989–1996)">KDPI insurgency (1989–1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93PJAK_conflict" title="Iran–PJAK conflict">Iran–PJAK conflict (2004–2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Iran_clashes_(2016%E2%80%93present)" title="Western Iran clashes (2016–present)">Western Iran clashes (2016–present)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_separatism_in_Khuzestan" title="Arab separatism in Khuzestan">Arab separatism in Khuzestan (1922–2020)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict">Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict (1979–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qatif_conflict" title="Qatif conflict">Qatif conflict</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Israel proxy conflict">Iran–Israel (1985–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Lebanon_conflict_(1985%E2%80%932000)" title="South Lebanon conflict (1985–2000)">South Lebanon (1985–2000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Lebanon_War" title="2006 Lebanon War">Lebanon War (2006)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Iran–Israel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Syrian arena (2012–present)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistan_and_Baluchestan_insurgency" title="Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency">Sistan and Baluchestan insurgency (2004–present)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Iraq</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi%E2%80%93Kurdish_conflict" title="Iraqi–Kurdish conflict">Iraqi–Kurdish conflict (1918–2003)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Kurdish_Civil_War" title="Iraqi Kurdish Civil War">Iraqi Kurdish Civil War (1994–1997</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_conflict" title="Iraqi conflict">Iraqi conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_Kurdistan_conflict_(2001%E2%80%932003)" title="Iraqi Kurdistan conflict (2001–2003)">Iraqi Kurdistan conflict (2001–2003)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War (2003–2011)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi_insurgency_(2011%E2%80%932013)" title="Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013)">Iraqi insurgency (2011–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Iraq_(2013%E2%80%932017)" title="War in Iraq (2013–2017)">War in Iraq (2013–2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State_insurgency_in_Iraq_(2017%E2%80%93present)" title="Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present)">ISIL insurgency (2017–present)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Israel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Israeli–Palestinian (1948–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Intifada" title="Second Intifada">Second Intifada (2000–2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="Gaza–Israel conflict">Gaza–Israel (2006–present)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Israel proxy conflict">Iran–Israel (1985–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Iran–Israel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Syrian arena (2012–present)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lebanon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Lebanon_conflict_(1985%E2%80%932000)" title="South Lebanon conflict (1985–2000)">South Lebanon conflict (1985–2000)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Lebanon_War" title="2006 Lebanon War">Lebanon War (2006)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Lebanon_conflict" title="2007 Lebanon conflict">Conflict in Northern Lebanon (2007)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Lebanon_conflict" title="2008 Lebanon conflict">Lebanon conflict (2008)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Palestine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Israeli–Palestinian (1948–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_Intifada" title="Second Intifada">Second Intifada (2000–2005)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="Gaza–Israel conflict">Gaza–Israel (2006–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatah%E2%80%93Hamas_conflict" title="Fatah–Hamas conflict">Fatah–Hamas conflict (2006–2008)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Saudi Arabia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict">Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict (1979–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qatif_conflict" title="Qatif conflict">Qatif conflict</a></li> <li>Persian Gulf crisis (2019–2021)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Syria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian Civil War (2011–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spillover_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Spillover of the Syrian Civil War">Regional spillover</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Turkey</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maoist_insurgency_in_Turkey" title="Maoist insurgency in Turkey">Maoist insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DHKP/C_insurgency_in_Turkey" title="DHKP/C insurgency in Turkey">DHKP/C insurgency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict_(1978%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)">Kurdish–Turkish conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93Islamic_State_conflict" title="Turkey–Islamic State conflict">Turkey–ISIL conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yemen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(1994)" title="Yemeni civil war (1994)">Civil war (1994)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda_insurgency_in_Yemen" title="Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen">al-Qaeda (1998–2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houthi_insurgency" title="Houthi insurgency">Houthi (2004–2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Yemen_insurgency" title="South Yemen insurgency">South Yemen (2009–2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_crisis" title="Yemeni crisis">Yemeni crisis (2011–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Houthi_takeover_in_Yemen" title="Houthi takeover in Yemen">Houthi takeover (2014–2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Civil War (2014–present)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inter-continental<br />conflict</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinai_insurgency" title="Sinai insurgency">Sinai insurgency (2011–present)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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