CINXE.COM

Research & Innovation - USC

<!doctype html> <!--[if lt IE 9]><html class="no-js no-svg ie lt-ie9 lt-ie8 lt-ie7" lang="en-US"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 9]><html class="no-js no-svg ie ie9 lt-ie9 lt-ie8" lang="en-US"> <![endif]--> <!--[if gt IE 9]><!--><html class="no-js no-svg" lang="en-US"> <!--<![endif]--> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="description" content="University of Southern California"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={privacy:{cookies_enabled:true},ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]},distributed_tracing:{enabled:true}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={agentID:"601400389",accountID:"4018063",trustKey:"66686",xpid:"UAYGWVZVCxAFUFBSBAEEVVA=",licenseKey:"NRJS-96a99329817825c8148",applicationID:"541030334"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-spa-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>g,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A4:()=>s,OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>h,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>f,m:()=>u,mw:()=>c,sb:()=>l});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s="complete"===a?.document?.readyState,c=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),u=""+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),l=d&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,f=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),h=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=g(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=v()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:g,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=g(e).concat(t)}function g(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>u});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function u(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,u="addEventListener",d="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[u,d],"-",p)}function p(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),h(a.gm,f),h(c.prototype,f)),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,u);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Jt:()=>o,YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,TZ:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log",a=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>u});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(3969),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function u(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>d,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>u,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},u={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},d=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>u,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function u(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>u,Rz:()=>d,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,u="fn"+s,d="pushState",l=1e3},3962:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{AM:()=>o,O2:()=>s,Qu:()=>c,TZ:()=>a,ih:()=>u,tC:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i=["click","keydown","submit"],o="api",a=n.K7.softNav,s={INITIAL_PAGE_LOAD:"",ROUTE_CHANGE:1,UNSPECIFIED:2},c={INTERACTION:1,AJAX:2,CUSTOM_END:3,CUSTOM_TRACER:4},u={IP:"in progress",FIN:"finished",CAN:"cancelled"}},7378:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$p:()=>x,BR:()=>b,Kp:()=>R,L3:()=>y,Lc:()=>c,NC:()=>o,SG:()=>d,TZ:()=>i,U6:()=>p,UT:()=>m,d3:()=>w,dT:()=>f,e5:()=>A,gx:()=>v,l9:()=>l,oW:()=>h,op:()=>g,rw:()=>u,tH:()=>E,uP:()=>s,wW:()=>T,xq:()=>a});var n=r(384);const i=r(860).K7.spa,o=["click","submit","keypress","keydown","keyup","change"],a=999,s="fn-start",c="fn-end",u="cb-start",d="api-ixn-",l="remaining",f="interaction",h="spaNode",p="jsonpNode",g="fetch-start",m="fetch-done",v="fetch-body-",b="jsonp-end",y=(0,n.dV)().o.ST,w="-start",R="-end",x="-body",T="cb"+R,A="jsTime",E="fetch"},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},425:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>j});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),h=r(384),p=r(6344);const g=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),w=r(3785),R=r(2646),x=r(3434);function T(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,x.YM)(i),a=new R.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function A(){const e=(0,h.pV)();g.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const E={};var S=r(9417),N=r(5603),O=r(5284);const _=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let I=!1;function j(e,t={},g,R){let{init:x,info:j,loader_config:P,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=g;const L=(0,h.pV)();j||(x=L.init,j=L.info,P=L.loader_config),(0,S.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,x||{}),(0,N.a)(e.agentIdentifier,P||{}),j.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(j.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,j);const H=(0,S.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),D=[j.beacon,j.errorBeacon];I||(H.proxy.assets&&(_(H.proxy.assets),D.push(H.proxy.assets)),H.proxy.beacon&&D.push(H.proxy.beacon),A(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===H.soft_navigations.enabled&&H.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...H.ajax.deny_list||[],...H.ajax.block_internal?D:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const g={};var R=s.ee.get(e),x=R.get("tracer");E[e]=b.g.OFF,R.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{E[e]=t}));var A="api-",S=A+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(A,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function O(){}g.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,w.R)(R,e,t,r)},g.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),T(R,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{g[e]=I(A,e,!0,"api")})),g.addPageAction=I(A,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),g.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(A,"setPageViewName",!0)()},g.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},g.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},g.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},g.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),R.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},g[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,R)},g.interaction=function(e){return(new O).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const _=O.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),h||(0,a.p)(S+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,R),function(){if(x.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw x.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{x.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,v.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,R),r?void 0:this}}function j(){r.e(478).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),R.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{_[e]=I(S,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),g.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(S,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(A,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),g.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,R),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!E[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,R)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>j()),!0):j(),g}(e.agentIdentifier,R,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),I=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({212:"nr-spa-compressor",249:"nr-spa-recorder",478:"nr-spa"}[e]+"-1.274.0.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={478:"sha512-1vUqEfJPB8Pihje9mv5CfYgkitO1FWcS+UQb84DbXqP8oYctRv4/lzl/MzNLPlRhcY1WVDBGL20I8vm6s2VV7g==",249:"sha512-Y/BeZAh6VSTmUtUNmS5XdyKxL92s30Fyyj8xVW76HSPxcKItL4+x2+kGMZc8pMJnUpZDz1L4eftZQAJh3D8NnA==",212:"sha512-Gn2tQ3qog5Yhrx/gRutkSTYPp+7nkKFt4/mIXg99LxcNpMDAYJZDBYmAACdoHNM86+iq1F3cBcQotFNzjIX8bw=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={38:0,788:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(425);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),p=i(6154),g=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(478).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,g.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class w extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(384);var x=i(9908),T=i(2843),A=i(3878),E=i(782),S=i(1863);class N extends b{static featureName=E.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,E.T,t),p.RI&&((0,T.u)((()=>(0,x.p)("docHidden",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,A.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,x.p)("winPagehide",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var O=i(3969);class _ extends b{static featureName=O.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,O.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),j=i(3304);class P{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,j.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return H(e)?e:new P(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(H(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function L(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new P(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return H(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function H(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class D extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,S.t)(),!0,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),p.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[k(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),p.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,x.p)("err",[L(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var M=i(8990);let K=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===p.gm?0:(0,M.I)(e,U,(function(){return K++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,j.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=p.gm.MutationObserver,s=p.gm.Promise,c=p.gm.setInterval,u="readystatechange",d=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=p.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(u,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,d,"fn-",y)}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(g?g.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var g=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===u||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",X=Y+"body-",J=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],Q=p.gm.Request,ee=p.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(Q&&ee&&p.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,J.forEach((e=>{r(Q[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(p.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),u={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(u.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),u.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(u.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),u}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof p.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,j.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),ue=["load","error","abort","timeout"],de=ue.length,le=(0,R.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,R.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,x.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};p.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};pe(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=R,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){T(t,e)}),(0,A.jT)(!1)),p.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},pe(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<de;s++)r.addEventListener(ue[s],this.listener,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function u(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function d(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,S.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function g(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,S.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,S.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&p.RI&&(t=""+p.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:p.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:p.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),pe(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function w(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,S.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,S.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function R(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<de;t++)e.removeEventListener(ue[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,S.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCazptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):T(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function T(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,x.p)(O.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",u),t.on("xhr-load-added",d),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",g),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",w)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function pe(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const ge={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!p.RI||ge[t.debugId]++||(ge[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:we,d3:Re,Kp:xe,TZ:Te,Lc:Ae,uP:Ee,Rz:Se}=be;class Ne extends b{static featureName=Te;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Te,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Ee,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,S.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){(0,x.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,S.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(Se+Re,(function(e){this.time=(0,S.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(Se+xe,(function(e){(0,x.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,x.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:we,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var Oe=i(2614);class _e extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(Oe.H3,"_").concat(Oe.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,g.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,x.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.ERROR)||(0,g.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#u=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#u){this.#u=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(478),i.e(249)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(Oe.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=Oe.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=Oe.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3962);class je extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,Ie.TZ,t),!p.RI||!(0,R.dV)().o.MO)return;const r=ve(this.ee);Ie.tC.forEach((e=>{(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>{a(e)}),!0)}));const n=()=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[(0,S.t)(),""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee);r.on("pushState-end",n),r.on("replaceState-end",n);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}(0,A.sp)("popstate",(e=>(0,x.p)("newURL",[e.timeStamp,""+window.location],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal);let i=!1;const o=new((0,R.dV)().o.MO)(((e,t)=>{i||(i=!0,requestAnimationFrame((()=>{(0,x.p)("newDom",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),i=!1})))})),a=(0,v.s)((e=>{(0,x.p)("newUIEvent",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee),o.observe(document.body,{attributes:!0,childList:!0,subtree:!0,characterData:!0})}),100,{leading:!0});this.abortHandler=function(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),o.disconnect(),this.abortHandler=void 0},this.importAggregator(e,{domObserver:o})}}var Pe=i(7378);const Ce={},ke=["appendChild","insertBefore","replaceChild"];function Le(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("jsonp")}(e);if(!p.RI||Ce[t.debugId])return t;Ce[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=/[?&](?:callback|cb)=([^&#]+)/,i=/(.*)\.([^.]+)/,o=/^(\w+)(\.|$)(.*)$/;function a(e,t){if(!e)return t;const r=e.match(o),n=r[1];return a(r[3],t[n])}return r.inPlace(Node.prototype,ke,"dom-"),t.on("dom-start",(function(e){!function(e){if(!e||"string"!=typeof e.nodeName||"script"!==e.nodeName.toLowerCase())return;if("function"!=typeof e.addEventListener)return;var o=(s=e.src,c=s.match(n),c?c[1]:null);var s,c;if(!o)return;var u=function(e){var t=e.match(i);if(t&&t.length>=3)return{key:t[2],parent:a(t[1],window)};return{key:e,parent:window}}(o);if("function"!=typeof u.parent[u.key])return;var d={};function l(){t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function f(){t.emit("jsonp-error",[],d),t.emit("jsonp-end",[],d),e.removeEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.removeEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1))}r.inPlace(u.parent,[u.key],"cb-",d),e.addEventListener("load",l,(0,A.jT)(!1)),e.addEventListener("error",f,(0,A.jT)(!1)),t.emit("new-jsonp",[e.src],d)}(e[0])})),t}const He={};function De(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("promise")}(e);if(He[t.debugId])return t;He[t.debugId]=!0;var r=t.context,n=(0,W.YM)(t),i=p.gm.Promise;return i&&function(){function e(r){var o=t.context(),a=n(r,"executor-",o,null,!1);const s=Reflect.construct(i,[a],e);return t.context(s).getCtx=function(){return o},s}p.gm.Promise=e,Object.defineProperty(e,"name",{value:"Promise"}),e.toString=function(){return i.toString()},Object.setPrototypeOf(e,i),["all","race"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){let i=!1;[...e||[]].forEach((e=>{this.resolve(e).then(a("all"===r),a(!1))}));const o=n.apply(this,arguments);return o;function a(e){return function(){t.emit("propagate",[null,!i],o,!1,!1),i=i||!e}}}})),["resolve","reject"].forEach((function(r){const n=i[r];e[r]=function(e){const r=n.apply(this,arguments);return e!==r&&t.emit("propagate",[e,!0],r,!1,!1),r}})),e.prototype=i.prototype;const o=i.prototype.then;i.prototype.then=function(...e){var i=this,a=r(i);a.promise=i,e[0]=n(e[0],"cb-",a,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"cb-",a,null,!1);const s=o.apply(this,e);return a.nextPromise=s,t.emit("propagate",[i,!0],s,!1,!1),s},i.prototype.then[W.Jt]=o,t.on("executor-start",(function(e){e[0]=n(e[0],"resolve-",this,null,!1),e[1]=n(e[1],"resolve-",this,null,!1)})),t.on("executor-err",(function(e,t,r){e[1](r)})),t.on("cb-end",(function(e,r,n){t.emit("propagate",[n,!0],this.nextPromise,!1,!1)})),t.on("propagate",(function(e,r,n){this.getCtx&&!r||(this.getCtx=function(){if(e instanceof Promise)var r=t.context(e);return r&&r.getCtx?r.getCtx():this})}))}(),t}const Me={},Ke="setTimeout",Ue="setInterval",Ve="clearTimeout",Ge="-start",Fe=[Ke,"setImmediate",Ue,Ve,"clearImmediate"];function Be(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("timer")}(e);if(Me[t.debugId]++)return t;Me[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,W.YM)(t);return r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(0,2),Ke+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(2,3),Ue+"-"),r.inPlace(p.gm,Fe.slice(3),Ve+"-"),t.on(Ue+Ge,(function(e,t,n){e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",null,n)})),t.on(Ke+Ge,(function(e,t,n){this.method=n,this.timerDuration=isNaN(e[1])?0:+e[1],e[0]=r(e[0],"fn-",this,n)})),t}const We={};function ze(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("mutation")}(e);if(!p.RI||We[t.debugId])return t;We[t.debugId]=!0;var r=(0,W.YM)(t),n=p.gm.MutationObserver;return n&&(window.MutationObserver=function(e){return this instanceof n?new n(r(e,"fn-")):n.apply(this,arguments)},MutationObserver.prototype=n.prototype),t}const{TZ:qe,d3:Ze,Kp:Ye,$p:Xe,wW:Je,e5:Qe,tH:$e,uP:et,rw:tt,Lc:rt}=Pe;class nt extends b{static featureName=qe;constructor(e,t=!0){if(super(e,qe,t),!p.RI)return;try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}let r,n=0;const i=this.ee.get("tracer"),o=Le(this.ee),a=De(this.ee),s=Be(this.ee),c=Z(this.ee),u=this.ee.get("events"),d=ne(this.ee),l=ve(this.ee),f=ze(this.ee);function h(e,t){l.emit("newURL",[""+window.location,t])}function g(){n++,r=window.location.hash,this[et]=(0,S.t)()}function m(){n--,window.location.hash!==r&&h(0,!0);var e=(0,S.t)();this[Qe]=~~this[Qe]+e-this[et],this[rt]=e}function v(e,t){e.on(t,(function(){this[t]=(0,S.t)()}))}this.ee.on(et,g),a.on(tt,g),o.on(tt,g),this.ee.on(rt,m),a.on(Je,m),o.on(Je,m),this.ee.on("fn-err",((...t)=>{t[2]?.__newrelic?.[e.agentIdentifier]||(0,x.p)("function-err",[...t],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.buffer([et,rt,"xhr-resolved"],this.featureName),u.buffer([et],this.featureName),s.buffer(["setTimeout"+Ye,"clearTimeout"+Ze,et],this.featureName),c.buffer([et,"new-xhr","send-xhr"+Ze],this.featureName),d.buffer([$e+Ze,$e+"-done",$e+Xe+Ze,$e+Xe+Ye],this.featureName),l.buffer(["newURL"],this.featureName),f.buffer([et],this.featureName),a.buffer(["propagate",tt,Je,"executor-err","resolve"+Ze],this.featureName),i.buffer([et,"no-"+et],this.featureName),o.buffer(["new-jsonp","cb-start","jsonp-error","jsonp-end"],this.featureName),v(d,$e+Ze),v(d,$e+"-done"),v(o,"new-jsonp"),v(o,"jsonp-end"),v(o,"cb-start"),l.on("pushState-end",h),l.on("replaceState-end",h),window.addEventListener("hashchange",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("load",h,(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),window.addEventListener("popstate",(function(){h(0,n>1)}),(0,A.jT)(!0,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var it=i(3333);class ot extends b{static featureName=it.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,it.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled];p.RI&&e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(it.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),it.qN.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,x.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)))))),r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var at=i(993),st=i(3785);class ct extends b{static featureName=at.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,at.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,st.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,R.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(w),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,R.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[he,w,N,Ne,_e,_,D,ot,ct,je,nt],loaderType:"spa"})})()})();</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> <link rel="author" href="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/humans.txt" /> <link rel="pingback" href="https://www.usc.edu/xmlrpc.php" /> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/favicon/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/favicon/favicon-32x32.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/favicon/favicon-16x16.png"> <link rel="manifest" href="/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/favicon/site.webmanifest"> <link rel="mask-icon" href="/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/favicon/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#990000"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/favicon/favicon.ico"> <meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#da532c"> <meta name="msapplication-config" content="/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/favicon/browserconfig.xml"> <meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <script id="cookieyes" type="text/javascript" src="https://cdn-cookieyes.com/client_data/1b2030d678924bbc9332a40d/script.js"></script> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v23.9 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>Research &amp; Innovation - USC</title> <meta name="description" content="The University of Southern California is a leading private research university located in Los Angeles, California. USC engages in collaborative research with industries around the world and is ranked among the top universities in the world." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Research &amp; Innovation - USC" /> <meta property="og:description" content="The University of Southern California is a leading private research university located in Los Angeles, California. USC engages in collaborative research with industries around the world and is ranked among the top universities in the world." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="USC" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-05-24T22:37:40+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022103_USC_Health_Campaign_April_2022_1043.JPG.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="2000" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1333" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="1 minute" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/","url":"https://usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/","name":"Research & Innovation - USC","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.usc.edu/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022103_USC_Health_Campaign_April_2022_1043.JPG.jpg","datePublished":"2023-01-24T22:13:28+00:00","dateModified":"2024-05-24T22:37:40+00:00","description":"The University of Southern California is a leading private research university located in Los Angeles, California. USC engages in collaborative research with industries around the world and is ranked among the top universities in the world.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/#primaryimage","url":"https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022103_USC_Health_Campaign_April_2022_1043.JPG.jpg","contentUrl":"https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022103_USC_Health_Campaign_April_2022_1043.JPG.jpg","width":2000,"height":1333,"caption":"Laboratory for Living Systems Engineering. ​We are an interdisciplinary research group within the Department of Biomedical Engineering in the Viterbi School of Engineering at the University of Southern California. We are also affiliated with the Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine at ​Keck School of Medicine. To develop safe and effective cures for human diseases, we need reliable models of human tissues to establish the underlying biology and screen drugs. However, existing model systems, such as rodents and conventional cell culture approaches, fall short in recapitulating critical features of native human tissues and providing easily-accessible functional outputs. To address this need, we engineer micro-scale mimics of native healthy and diseased human tissues that provide meaningful physiological outputs and are scalable for downstream applications, such as drug screening. We focus primarily on cardiac and skeletal muscle. ​To fabricate these platforms, we are advancing and integrating three core technologies: 1. Establishing renewable sources of differentiated human cells. 2. Engineering biomimetic cellular microenvironments. 3. Developing tools to quantify tissue structure and function. ​We combine these technologies towards three primary applications: 1. Establishing fundamental insight into human tissue structure-function relationships. 2. Elucidating cellular mechanisms of human diseases. 3. Developing novel platforms for pre-clinical drug screening."},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.usc.edu/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Research &#038; Creativity","item":"https://www.usc.edu/?page_id=1378"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Research &#038; Innovation"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.usc.edu/#website","url":"https://www.usc.edu/","name":"USC","description":"University of Southern California","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.usc.edu/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//pixelcaster.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//use.typekit.net' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//fonts.googleapis.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="USC &raquo; Feed" href="https://www.usc.edu/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="USC &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://www.usc.edu/comments/feed/" /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/www.usc.edu\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.usc.edu/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='usc-style-adobe-fonts-css' href='https://use.typekit.net/bfk1gyk.css?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='usc-style-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Source+Sans+Pro%3Aital%2Cwght%400%2C300%3B0%2C400%3B0%2C600%3B0%2C700%3B0%2C900%3B1%2C400%3B1%2C600%3B1%2C700%3B1%2C900&#038;display=swap&#038;ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='usc-style-pattern-lab-css' href='https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/css/style.css?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='usc-style-lity-css' href='https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/css/vendor/lity.min.css?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='usc-style-swiper-css' href='https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/css/vendor/swiper-bundle.min.css?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script src="//pixelcaster.com/live/usc/cameras/pixelcaster.js?ver=3.3.0" async></script> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) snippet added by Site Kit --> <!-- Google Analytics snippet added by Site Kit --> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=GT-WRDGJJM" id="google_gtagjs-js" async></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="google_gtagjs-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag("set","linker",{"domains":["www.usc.edu"]}); gtag("js", new Date()); gtag("set", "developer_id.dZTNiMT", true); gtag("config", "GT-WRDGJJM"); /* ]]> */ </script> <!-- End Google tag (gtag.js) snippet added by Site Kit --> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.usc.edu/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.usc.edu/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/1367" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.usc.edu/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.7" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.usc.edu/?p=1367' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.usc.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usc.edu%2Fresearch-creativity%2Fresearch-innovation%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.usc.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usc.edu%2Fresearch-creativity%2Fresearch-innovation%2F&#038;format=xml" /> <meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.140.0" /> <script> (function(h,o,t,j,a,r){ h.hj=h.hj||function(){(h.hj.q=h.hj.q||[]).push(arguments)}; h._hjSettings={hjid:3831866,hjsv:5}; a=o.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; r=o.createElement('script');r.async=1; r.src=t+h._hjSettings.hjid+j+h._hjSettings.hjsv; a.appendChild(r); })(window,document,'//static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-','.js?sv='); </script> <!-- Google Tag Manager snippet added by Site Kit --> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ ( function( w, d, s, l, i ) { w[l] = w[l] || []; w[l].push( {'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(), event: 'gtm.js'} ); var f = d.getElementsByTagName( s )[0], j = d.createElement( s ), dl = l != 'dataLayer' ? '&l=' + l : ''; j.async = true; j.src = 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=' + i + dl; f.parentNode.insertBefore( j, f ); } )( window, document, 'script', 'dataLayer', 'GTM-5XS99H7' ); /* ]]> */ </script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager snippet added by Site Kit --> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/usc-icon-150x150.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/usc-icon.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/usc-icon.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/usc-icon.png" /> </head> <body class="" page-id="1367" data-template="base.twig"> <div role="region" aria-label="Skip to main"> <a class="skip-link" href="#main-content">Skip to Content</a> </div> <header id="l--main-header" class="header" aria-label="Site Header"> <div class="r--region r--header"> <div class="cc--component-container cc--header gold" > <div class="c--component c--header" > <div class="alerts-wrapper"> <div class="alert-banner-block-container"></div> <div class="page-alert-banner-block-container"></div> </div> <div class="header-wrapper"> <div class="desktop-nav"> <div class="cc--component-container cc--branding-header gold" > <div class="c--component c--branding-header" > <div class="logo-wrapper"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu" aria-label="University of Southern California" rel="home"> <svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 178 58" style="enable-background:new 0 0 178 58;" xml:space="preserve"> <path class="red white" d="M59.8,11.2c0-2.3-0.5-3.3-2.3-3.3h-3.1c-0.4,0-0.5-0.1-0.5-0.6V5.8c0-0.4,0.1-0.5,0.7-0.5 c0.7,0,3.9,0.2,10.3,0.2c5.6,0,8.8-0.2,9.6-0.2c0.4,0,0.5,0.1,0.5,0.5v1.7c0,0.4-0.1,0.5-0.5,0.5h-2.8c-2,0-3.2,1.2-3.3,2.6 c-0.1,0.8-0.2,4.8-0.2,8.7v8.3c0,3.3,0.1,8.1,0.2,10.2c0.2,3.1,0.7,6.1,2.3,8.3c2.3,3.1,5.9,4.1,9.1,4.1c3.1,0,6.8-1.2,9-3.2 c2.5-2.5,3.9-6.4,3.9-11.3v-12c0-5.3-0.5-11.2-0.7-12.8c-0.2-1.7-1.3-2.9-2.7-2.9h-2.4c-0.4,0-0.5-0.2-0.5-0.5V5.8 c0-0.4,0.1-0.5,0.5-0.5c0.7,0,3.7,0.2,8.1,0.2c4.1,0,6.3-0.2,6.8-0.2c0.6,0,0.7,0.2,0.7,0.5v1.5c0,0.4-0.1,0.6-0.4,0.6h-2.4 c-2.4,0-2.7,1.9-2.8,2.6c-0.1,0.8-0.1,10.2-0.1,11c0,0.9-0.1,12.6-0.4,15.2c-0.4,5.5-2,9.6-5.6,12.8c-2.8,2.5-7.1,4.1-12.2,4.1 c-3.2,0-7.1-0.5-9.6-1.6c-3.9-1.6-6.5-4.7-7.9-9c-0.9-2.9-1.2-7.3-1.2-16.1V11.2z"/> <path class="red white" d="M104.3,37.8c0.3,0,0.4,0.1,0.4,0.5c0.1,2.1,0.7,4.7,2.5,7.6c2,3.2,5.5,4.8,8.8,4.8 c3.6,0,8.7-2.3,8.7-7.8c0-6.1-2.8-8.1-9.9-10.8c-2.1-0.8-6.5-2.7-9.8-5.6c-2.3-2.1-3.3-5.5-3.3-9.6c0-3.7,1.5-6.8,4.7-9.4 c2.7-2.3,5.6-3.2,9.5-3.2c4.4,0,7.1,1.1,8.4,1.6c0.7,0.3,1.1,0.1,1.4-0.2l0.9-0.9c0.3-0.3,0.5-0.4,0.9-0.4c0.4,0,0.5,0.4,0.5,1.1 c0,1.1,1.1,10.4,1.1,11.1c0,0.3-0.1,0.4-0.4,0.5l-1.1,0.3c-0.3,0.1-0.5,0-0.7-0.4c-0.7-1.9-1.7-4.5-4.1-7.1 c-1.7-1.9-3.9-2.8-6.9-2.8c-5.3,0-7.5,4.3-7.5,6.7c0,2.3,0.3,4.3,1.9,6c1.7,1.7,5.5,3.3,8.1,4.1c3.9,1.2,7.1,2.5,9.6,5.2 c2.1,2.3,3.3,5.1,3.3,9.6c0,8.1-5.3,14.8-14.2,14.8c-5.5,0-8.7-1.2-11.4-3.2c-0.8-0.5-1.2-0.8-1.6-0.8c-0.4,0-0.7,0.5-1.1,1.2 c-0.4,0.7-0.7,0.8-1.2,0.8c-0.5,0-0.8-0.4-0.8-1.1c0.1-0.8,1.1-11.6,1.2-12.4c0.1-0.4,0.1-0.5,0.4-0.5L104.3,37.8z"/> <path class="red white" d="M177.1,41.8c0.2,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.1,0.7c-4,5.7-10.4,11.2-19.9,11.2c-8.6,0-13.4-2.5-17.5-6.3 c-4.9-4.4-7.2-12.2-7.2-18c0-6.5,2.1-12.8,6.8-17.9c3.6-3.9,9.3-7.1,17.4-7.1c6.1,0,11.1,1.9,13.5,3.2c0.9,0.5,1.2,0.5,1.3,0 l0.5-1.7c0.1-0.4,0.3-0.4,1.1-0.4c0.8,0,0.9,0.1,0.9,1.1c0,1.2,1.3,11.9,1.6,13.9c0.1,0.4,0,0.6-0.3,0.7l-1.3,0.4 c-0.3,0.1-0.5-0.1-0.7-0.7c-0.8-2.4-2.4-5.7-5.2-8.7c-2.9-2.8-6.4-4.9-11.6-4.9c-10.7,0-15.1,9.6-15.1,19.2c0,4.1,1.2,12,6.1,17.4 c4.4,4.7,8.3,5.2,11.5,5.2c7.3,0,13.2-3.7,16-7.7c0.3-0.5,0.6-0.7,0.8-0.5L177.1,41.8z"/> <path class="black white" d="M39.7,35.3C37,41.9,31.8,51,22.4,56.7C13,51,7.8,42,5.1,35.4c-2.5-6.1-3.4-11.3-3.7-12.8 c1.1-0.6,2.2-0.9,3.5-0.9h0c0.9,0,2.1,0.2,2.9,0.4l0.4,0.1c0.4,0.1,0.8,0.2,1.2,0.3c1.4,0.4,3,0.8,4.1,0.8h0c1.3,0,3.4-0.2,5.7-1 c0.7-0.2,1.5-0.5,2.3-0.6l0.8-0.1h0l1.2,0.1c0.7,0.1,1.4,0.3,2,0.5c2.3,0.8,4.4,1,5.7,1h0c0.8,0,1.8-0.2,3.3-0.6 c0.6-0.2,1.2-0.3,1.8-0.5l0.7-0.2c0.7-0.2,2-0.4,2.9-0.4h0c1.3,0,2.4,0.3,3.5,0.9C43.1,24,42.2,29.2,39.7,35.3L39.7,35.3z M0.8,12.7 l13.7,3c-0.1,0.2-0.2,0.4-0.3,0.6L0.8,14.6C0.8,14,0.8,13.3,0.8,12.7L0.8,12.7z M1.3,7.7l14.2,6.6c-0.3,0.3-0.5,0.6-0.7,1L0.9,11.4 C1,10.2,1.1,9,1.3,7.7L1.3,7.7z M1.7,5.6c0.5,0.1,1.6,0.3,3,0.5l11.5,7.4c-0.2,0.1-0.3,0.3-0.4,0.4L1.5,6.3C1.6,6.1,1.6,5.8,1.7,5.6 L1.7,5.6z M7.8,6.2c1.5,0,2.9-0.1,4.2-0.4l5.8,6.5c-0.4,0.3-0.9,0.5-1.2,0.9l-9.6-7C7.2,6.2,7.5,6.2,7.8,6.2L7.8,6.2z M15.2,5 l3.9,6.8c-0.3,0.1-0.5,0.2-0.8,0.3l-4.9-6.6C14,5.4,14.6,5.2,15.2,5L15.2,5z M20.3,2.5l1.2,8.7c-0.7,0.1-1.3,0.2-1.9,0.4l-3.2-7 C18,3.9,19.3,3.2,20.3,2.5L20.3,2.5z M22.3,1c0.3,0.2,0.6,0.5,0.9,0.7l-0.5,9.4c-0.1,0-0.2,0-0.3,0h0c-0.1,0-0.2,0-0.3,0l-0.5-9.5 C21.9,1.4,22.2,1.2,22.3,1L22.3,1z M24.4,2.5c1.4,0.9,2.7,1.6,3.9,2l-3.2,7c-0.6-0.2-1.2-0.3-1.9-0.4L24.4,2.5z M29.4,5 c0.8,0.3,1.5,0.5,1.8,0.5l-4.9,6.6c-0.2-0.1-0.5-0.2-0.8-0.3L29.4,5z M32.7,5.8c1.4,0.3,2.9,0.4,4.5,0.4c0.2,0,0.4,0,0.5,0l-9.6,7 c-0.4-0.3-0.8-0.6-1.2-0.9L32.7,5.8z M39.9,6.1c1.5-0.1,2.5-0.4,3.1-0.5c0.1,0.2,0.1,0.5,0.1,0.7l-14.3,7.6 c-0.1-0.2-0.3-0.3-0.5-0.4L39.9,6.1z M43.4,7.7c0.2,1.3,0.3,2.6,0.4,3.8L30,15.3c-0.2-0.4-0.5-0.7-0.8-1.1L43.4,7.7z M43.9,14.6 l-13.3,1.8c-0.1-0.2-0.2-0.4-0.3-0.6l13.6-3C43.9,13.4,43.9,14,43.9,14.6L43.9,14.6z M39.9,17.4c-0.8,0-2.2,0.2-3.1,0.4L36.1,18 c-0.6,0.2-1.2,0.4-1.8,0.5c-0.8,0.2-2,0.5-2.9,0.5c-0.1-0.8-0.3-1.5-0.6-2.3l13.1-1c0,0.9-0.1,1.8-0.1,2.5 C42.6,17.8,41.2,17.5,39.9,17.4L39.9,17.4z M39.8,19.1L39.8,19.1c-0.9,0-2.3,0.2-3.1,0.4l-0.6,0.2c-0.6,0.2-1.2,0.4-1.8,0.5l0.1,0.4 l-0.1-0.4c-0.9,0.2-2.1,0.5-3.1,0.5h0c-1.3,0-3.2-0.2-5.5-0.9c-0.6-0.2-1.3-0.4-2.1-0.6c-0.4-0.1-0.9-0.1-1.3-0.1 c-0.3,0-0.6,0-0.9,0.1c-0.9,0.1-1.8,0.4-2.5,0.6c-2.2,0.8-4.2,0.9-5.5,1h0c-1.1,0-2.6-0.4-3.9-0.8L8,19.6c-0.8-0.2-2.1-0.4-3.1-0.4 h0c-1.3,0-2.6,0.3-3.8,0.9C1,19.8,1,19.6,1,19.3c1.2-0.6,2.6-1,4-1h0c0.9,0,2.1,0.2,2.9,0.4l1.6,0.5l0.1-0.4l-0.1,0.4 c1.5,0.4,3,0.8,4.1,0.8h0c1.3,0,3.4-0.2,5.7-1c0.7-0.2,1.5-0.5,2.3-0.6l0.8-0.1l1.2,0.1c0.7,0.1,1.4,0.4,2,0.5c2.3,0.8,4.4,1,5.7,1 h0c0.8,0,1.8-0.2,3.3-0.6c0.6-0.2,1.2-0.3,1.8-0.5l0.6-0.2c0.7-0.2,2-0.4,2.9-0.4h0c1.3,0,2.7,0.3,3.9,0.9c0,0.3-0.1,0.6-0.1,0.9 C42.5,19.4,41.1,19.1,39.8,19.1L39.8,19.1z M22.4,17.5L22.4,17.5L22.4,17.5c-0.3,0-0.6,0-0.9,0.1c-0.9,0.1-1.8,0.4-2.5,0.6 c-1.9,0.7-3.6,0.9-4.9,0.9c0.6-4.1,4-7.2,8.2-7.2h0c4.1,0,7.7,3.1,8.2,7.1c-1.2-0.1-2.9-0.3-4.8-0.9c-0.6-0.2-1.3-0.4-2.1-0.6l0,0 l0,0C23.2,17.5,22.8,17.5,22.4,17.5L22.4,17.5z M0.8,15.8l13.1,1c-0.3,0.7-0.5,1.5-0.6,2.3c-1.1,0-2.5-0.4-3.7-0.8L8,17.9 c-0.8-0.2-2.1-0.4-3.1-0.4h0c-1.4,0-2.8,0.3-4.1,0.9C0.9,17.7,0.8,16.8,0.8,15.8L0.8,15.8z M39.8,20.8L39.8,20.8 c-0.9,0-2.3,0.2-3.1,0.4L36,21.4c-0.6,0.2-1.2,0.3-1.7,0.5l0.1,0.4l-0.1-0.4c-1.4,0.4-2.3,0.5-3.1,0.5h0c-1.3,0-3.2-0.2-5.5-0.9 c-0.6-0.2-1.3-0.4-2.1-0.6c-0.8-0.1-1.5-0.2-2.2-0.1c-0.9,0.1-1.8,0.4-2.5,0.6c-2.2,0.8-4.2,0.9-5.5,1h0c-1.1,0-2.6-0.4-3.9-0.8 l-0.1,0.4l0.1-0.4c-0.4-0.1-0.8-0.2-1.2-0.3L8,21.3c-0.8-0.2-2.1-0.4-3.1-0.4h0c-1.3,0-2.5,0.3-3.6,0.9c0-0.2-0.1-0.5-0.1-0.8 c1.1-0.6,2.4-1,3.7-1h0c0.9,0,2.1,0.2,2.9,0.4l1.6,0.5l0.1-0.4l-0.1,0.4c1.5,0.4,3,0.8,4.1,0.8h0c1.3,0,3.4-0.2,5.7-1 c0.7-0.2,1.5-0.5,2.3-0.6l0.8-0.1h0l1.2,0.1c0.7,0.1,1.4,0.4,2,0.5c2.3,0.8,4.4,1,5.7,1h0c0.8,0,1.8-0.2,3.3-0.6 c0.6-0.2,1.2-0.3,1.8-0.5l0.6-0.2c0.7-0.2,2-0.4,2.9-0.4h0c1.3,0,2.6,0.3,3.8,1c0,0.3-0.1,0.6-0.1,0.8 C42.3,21.1,41.1,20.8,39.8,20.8L39.8,20.8z M44.7,12.6l-0.1-1.3c-0.1-1.2-0.2-2.6-0.5-3.9L44,6.4c-0.1-0.5-0.2-1-0.3-1.5l-0.1-0.4 l-0.4,0.1c0,0-0.7,0.2-1.7,0.4l-2.6,0.3c-0.5,0-1.1,0.1-1.7,0.1c-1.5,0-3-0.1-4.5-0.4l-0.9-0.2c0,0,0,0,0,0c0,0-0.8-0.2-1.9-0.5 l-1.2-0.5c-1.2-0.5-2.7-1.2-4.1-2.2l-1.2-0.9c-0.2-0.2-0.4-0.4-0.7-0.6L22.3,0l-0.3,0.2c0,0-0.2,0.2-0.6,0.5l-1.2,0.9 c-1,0.7-2.4,1.5-4.2,2.2l-1.2,0.5c-0.6,0.2-1.2,0.4-1.9,0.6c0,0,0,0,0,0l-1.1,0.2c-1.3,0.2-2.6,0.4-4,0.4c-0.7,0-1.4,0-2-0.1 L3.2,5.1c-1-0.2-1.7-0.3-1.7-0.3L1.1,4.6L1,5C0.9,5.4,0.8,5.8,0.8,6.2L0.6,7.4C0.4,8.7,0.2,10,0.1,11.2L0,12.5c0,0.7,0,1.3,0,1.9 l0,1.3c0.1,3.7,0.5,6.2,0.5,6.4c0,0.3,0.8,6.3,3.8,13.4c2.8,6.7,8.1,15.9,17.7,21.7l0.4,0.3l0.4-0.3c9.6-5.8,14.8-15.1,17.6-21.8 c2.9-7.2,3.7-13.1,3.7-13.4c0-0.2,0.5-2.7,0.5-6.4l0-1.3C44.7,13.9,44.7,13.2,44.7,12.6L44.7,12.6z"/> <path class="black white" d="M33.5,31c-0.1,0.1-0.3,0.2-0.4,0.2l-3,0c-0.4,0-0.6-0.3-0.6-0.6c0-0.3,0.3-0.6,0.6-0.6l0.5,0 c0,0,0,0,0,0l0,0h0.6l1.8,0c0.3,0,0.6,0.3,0.6,0.6C33.7,30.7,33.6,30.9,33.5,31L33.5,31z M32.9,32.1c-0.1,0.1-0.3,0.2-0.5,0.2 l-1.8,0c-0.3,0-0.5-0.2-0.6-0.6c0,0,0,0,0,0l3,0c0,0,0,0,0,0C33,31.8,33,32,32.9,32.1L32.9,32.1z M32.1,39.7l-1.2,0l-0.3-7l1.8,0 c0,0,0,0,0,0L32.1,39.7z M32.9,40.7c0,0.3-0.2,0.5-0.5,0.5l-1.7,0l0,0.2v-0.2c-0.3,0-0.5-0.2-0.5-0.5c0-0.3,0.2-0.5,0.5-0.5l1,0 l0.8,0C32.7,40.2,32.9,40.4,32.9,40.7L32.9,40.7z M31.5,45.1c-0.2,0-0.4-0.2-0.4-0.4l-0.1-3h1l-0.1,3C31.9,44.9,31.7,45.1,31.5,45.1 L31.5,45.1z M29.1,28.4c0-0.4,0.2-0.7,0.3-1.1c0.2-0.4,0.4-0.9,0.3-1.4c0.3,0.1,0.7,0.3,0.9,0.6c0,0,0,0,0,0 c-0.1,0.1-0.1,0.2-0.2,0.2c0,0-1.2,1.2-0.4,2.7H30c-0.1,0-0.2,0-0.3,0C29.7,29.4,29.1,29.2,29.1,28.4L29.1,28.4z M31.7,25.9 c0.1-0.2,0.1-0.4,0-0.6c0.5,0.4,1.1,1.1,1.1,2c0,1-0.7,1.9-0.9,2.1h-0.2c-0.2-0.3-0.6-0.9-0.2-1.7c0.1-0.1,0.5-0.8,0.5-0.9 c0.1-0.1,0.1-0.3,0.1-0.3c-0.1,0.1-0.2,0.2-0.2,0.2c-0.1,0.1-0.5,0.5-0.6,0.7c-0.6,0.8-0.2,1.6,0,1.9l-0.6,0 c-0.9-1.3,0.1-2.3,0.1-2.3C31,27,31,27,31.1,26.9C31.4,26.6,31.6,26.4,31.7,25.9L31.7,25.9z M33.1,26.3c0.2-0.2,0.4-0.4,0.5-0.5 c-0.1,1.1,0.4,2.2,0.5,2.2c0.3,0.9-0.7,1.4-0.9,1.5c-0.1,0-0.2,0-0.3,0h-0.5c0.3-0.5,0.8-1.2,0.8-2.1C33.3,26.9,33.1,26.3,33.1,26.3 L33.1,26.3z M33.8,29.7c0.5-0.3,1.1-1,0.8-1.9c0,0-0.7-1.3-0.3-2.3l0.1-0.3l-0.4,0c-0.1,0-0.5,0.1-1.1,0.7c-0.6-0.9-1.5-1.5-1.5-1.5 l-0.9-0.5l0.6,0.9c0.1,0.2,0.4,0.7,0.3,1c-0.1,0.2-0.1,0.3-0.2,0.5c-0.6-0.6-1.5-0.9-1.6-0.9L29,25.2l0.2,0.4c0.3,0.6,0.1,1-0.2,1.5 c-0.2,0.4-0.4,0.8-0.4,1.3c0,0.7,0.3,1.1,0.6,1.3c-0.2,0.2-0.4,0.5-0.4,0.8c0,0.4,0.2,0.8,0.6,1c0.1,0.6,0.3,0.9,0.6,1.1l0.3,7.2 c-0.4,0.1-0.8,0.5-0.8,0.9c0,0.5,0.4,0.9,0.8,1l0.1,3c0,0.5,0.4,0.8,0.8,0.8c0.5,0,0.8-0.4,0.8-0.8l0.1-3c0.5-0.1,0.9-0.5,0.9-1 c0-0.5-0.3-0.9-0.8-0.9l0.3-7.2c0.1,0,0.2-0.1,0.3-0.2c0.2-0.2,0.3-0.5,0.4-0.9c0.1,0,0.2-0.1,0.2-0.2c0.2-0.2,0.3-0.5,0.3-0.8 C34.1,30.2,34,29.9,33.8,29.7L33.8,29.7z"/> <path class="black white" d="M14.5,31.2l-3,0c-0.4,0-0.6-0.3-0.6-0.6c0-0.2,0.1-0.3,0.2-0.4c0.1-0.1,0.3-0.2,0.4-0.2H12 c0,0,0,0,0,0l0,0h0.6l0.9,0h0.9c0.3,0,0.6,0.3,0.6,0.6C15.1,30.9,14.8,31.2,14.5,31.2L14.5,31.2z M14.3,32.1 c-0.1,0.1-0.3,0.2-0.5,0.2l-1.8,0c-0.3,0-0.5-0.2-0.6-0.6c0,0,0,0,0,0l3,0c0,0,0,0,0.1,0C14.5,31.9,14.4,32,14.3,32.1L14.3,32.1z M13.6,39.8l-1.2,0l-0.3-7h0l1.8,0c0,0,0,0,0,0L13.6,39.8z M14.4,40.8c0,0.1-0.1,0.3-0.2,0.4c-0.1,0.1-0.2,0.2-0.4,0.2h-1.7l0,0.2 v-0.2c-0.3,0-0.5-0.2-0.5-0.5c0-0.3,0.2-0.5,0.5-0.5h1l0.7,0C14.1,40.2,14.4,40.5,14.4,40.8L14.4,40.8z M13,45.1 c-0.2,0-0.4-0.2-0.4-0.4l-0.1-3l1,0l-0.1,3C13.4,44.9,13.2,45.1,13,45.1L13,45.1z M10.6,28.5c0-0.4,0.2-0.7,0.3-1.1 c0.2-0.4,0.4-0.9,0.3-1.4c0.3,0.1,0.7,0.3,0.9,0.6c0,0,0,0,0,0c-0.1,0.1-0.1,0.1-0.2,0.2c0,0-1.2,1.2-0.4,2.7h-0.1 c-0.1,0-0.1,0-0.2,0C11.2,29.5,10.6,29.2,10.6,28.5L10.6,28.5z M13.2,25.9c0.1-0.2,0.1-0.4,0-0.6c0.5,0.4,1.1,1.1,1.1,2 c0,1-0.7,1.9-0.9,2.1h-0.2c-0.2-0.3-0.6-0.9-0.2-1.7c0.1-0.1,0.5-0.8,0.5-0.9c0.1-0.1,0.1-0.3,0.1-0.3c-0.1,0.1-0.2,0.2-0.2,0.2 c-0.1,0.1-0.5,0.5-0.6,0.7c-0.6,0.8-0.2,1.6,0,1.9l-0.6,0c-0.9-1.3,0.1-2.3,0.1-2.3c0.1-0.1,0.1-0.2,0.2-0.2 C12.8,26.6,13,26.4,13.2,25.9L13.2,25.9z M14.6,26.3c0.2-0.2,0.4-0.4,0.5-0.5C15,26.9,15.6,28,15.6,28c0.3,0.9-0.7,1.4-0.9,1.5 c-0.1,0-0.2,0-0.3,0H14c0.3-0.5,0.8-1.2,0.8-2.1C14.8,26.9,14.6,26.3,14.6,26.3L14.6,26.3z M15.2,29.8c0.5-0.3,1.1-1,0.8-1.9 c0,0-0.7-1.3-0.4-2.3l0.1-0.3l-0.4,0c-0.1,0-0.5,0.1-1.1,0.7c-0.6-0.9-1.5-1.5-1.5-1.5l-0.9-0.5l0.6,0.9c0.1,0.2,0.4,0.7,0.3,1 c-0.1,0.2-0.1,0.3-0.2,0.4c-0.6-0.6-1.5-0.9-1.6-0.9l-0.5-0.1l0.2,0.4c0.3,0.6,0.1,1-0.2,1.5c-0.2,0.4-0.4,0.8-0.4,1.3 c0,0.7,0.4,1.1,0.6,1.3c0,0,0,0,0,0c-0.2,0.2-0.3,0.5-0.3,0.8c0,0.4,0.2,0.8,0.6,1c0,0.5,0.3,0.9,0.6,1.1l0.3,7.2 c-0.4,0.1-0.8,0.5-0.8,0.9c0,0.5,0.4,0.9,0.8,1l0.1,3c0,0.5,0.4,0.8,0.8,0.8c0.5,0,0.8-0.4,0.8-0.8l0.1-3c0.2,0,0.4-0.1,0.6-0.3 c0.2-0.2,0.3-0.4,0.3-0.7c0-0.5-0.3-0.9-0.8-0.9l0.3-7.2c0.1,0,0.2-0.1,0.3-0.2c0.2-0.2,0.3-0.5,0.3-0.9c0.3-0.2,0.6-0.5,0.6-1 C15.6,30.3,15.4,30,15.2,29.8L15.2,29.8z"/> <path class="black white" d="M25.1,32.4c-0.2,0.2-0.4,0.3-0.7,0.3l-4.2,0c-0.5,0-1-0.4-1-1c0-0.5,0.4-1,1-1c0,0,2.8,0,2.8,0 h1.4c0.5,0,1,0.4,1,1C25.4,32,25.3,32.2,25.1,32.4L25.1,32.4z M23.6,34l-2.5,0h0c-0.4,0-0.8-0.4-0.9-0.9c0,0,0.1,0,0.1,0l4.2,0 c0.1,0,0.1,0,0.2,0C24.4,33.6,24,34,23.6,34L23.6,34z M23.3,44.6l-1.9,0L21,34.5c0,0,0.1,0,0.1,0h0l2.5,0c0.1,0,0.1,0,0.2,0 L23.3,44.6z M24.4,45.9c0,0.4-0.4,0.8-0.8,0.8l-2.4,0c-0.4,0-0.8-0.4-0.8-0.8c0-0.4,0.4-0.8,0.8-0.8l1.8,0h0.6 C24,45.1,24.4,45.5,24.4,45.9L24.4,45.9z M23,51.5c0,0.2-0.1,0.3-0.2,0.4c-0.1,0.1-0.3,0.2-0.4,0.2h0c-0.2,0-0.3-0.1-0.4-0.2 c-0.1-0.1-0.2-0.3-0.2-0.4l-0.2-4.2l1.6,0L23,51.5z M18.9,28.7c0-0.6,0.2-1,0.5-1.5c0.3-0.6,0.6-1.3,0.4-2.1c0.4,0.2,1,0.4,1.5,0.9 c-0.1,0.1-0.1,0.1-0.2,0.2c-0.1,0.1-0.2,0.2-0.3,0.3c0,0-1.7,1.7-0.4,3.7h-0.2c-0.1,0-0.2,0-0.4,0.1C19.8,30.3,18.9,29.9,18.9,28.7 L18.9,28.7z M22.4,25.2c0.1-0.4,0.1-0.8,0-1.1c0.7,0.6,1.8,1.7,1.8,3.1c0,1.5-1,2.7-1.4,3.1h-0.1c-0.2-0.3-0.4-0.8-0.4-1.3 c0-1,0.5-1.6,0.5-1.6s-0.6,0.4-0.8,1.4c-0.1,0.5,0,0.9,0.3,1.6h-0.6c-0.2-0.3-0.9-1.3-0.2-2.4c0.1-0.2,0.8-1,0.8-1.2 c0.1-0.2,0.1-0.4,0.1-0.4c-0.1,0.2-0.3,0.3-0.3,0.3c-0.2,0.2-0.7,0.7-0.9,0.9c-1,1.2-0.2,2.5,0,2.8h-0.4c-1.4-1.9,0.1-3.3,0.2-3.4 c0.1-0.1,0.2-0.2,0.3-0.3C21.8,26.1,22.2,25.8,22.4,25.2L22.4,25.2z M25.4,25.4c-0.3,1.5,0.2,2.7,0.2,2.7c0.4,1.3-0.6,2-0.9,2.2 c-0.1,0-0.2,0-0.3,0l-0.9,0c0.5-0.6,1.2-1.7,1.2-3.1c0-0.4-0.1-0.7-0.2-1C24.8,25.7,25.2,25.5,25.4,25.4L25.4,25.4z M25.2,30.5 c0.5-0.4,1.2-1.2,0.8-2.6c0,0-0.5-1.4-0.1-2.9l0.1-0.3l-0.4,0c0,0-0.7,0.1-1.4,0.9c-0.7-1.5-2.3-2.4-2.3-2.5l-0.8-0.5l0.5,0.8 c0,0,0.5,0.9,0.3,1.5c-0.1,0.3-0.2,0.5-0.3,0.7c-0.8-0.9-2.1-1.2-2.1-1.2L19,24.4l0.2,0.4c0.4,0.9,0.1,1.5-0.3,2.2 c-0.3,0.5-0.5,1.1-0.5,1.7c0,0.9,0.5,1.5,0.9,1.8c-0.3,0.3-0.6,0.7-0.6,1.1c0,0.6,0.3,1.1,0.8,1.3c0.1,0.5,0.4,1.1,0.9,1.4l0,0 L21,44.7c-0.6,0.1-1.1,0.6-1.1,1.3c0,0.7,0.5,1.2,1.2,1.3l0.2,4.3c0,0.3,0.1,0.6,0.3,0.8c0.2,0.2,0.5,0.3,0.8,0.3h0 c0.3,0,0.6-0.1,0.8-0.3c0.2-0.2,0.3-0.5,0.3-0.8l0.2-4.3c0.7,0,1.2-0.6,1.2-1.3c0-0.7-0.5-1.2-1.1-1.3l0.5-10.3h0 c0.5-0.3,0.8-0.8,0.9-1.3c0.1-0.1,0.2-0.1,0.4-0.3c0.3-0.3,0.4-0.6,0.4-1C25.9,31.2,25.6,30.7,25.2,30.5L25.2,30.5z"/> </svg> </a> </div> </div></div> <div class="header-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="Search and Navigation"> <button type="button" class="mobile-menu-trigger" aria-label="Open Site Navigation / Menu" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="main-navigation"> <svg version="1.1" class="icon-hamburger" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 33 18" style="enable-background:new 0 0 33 18;" xml:space="preserve"> <path class="black" d="M0,0h32.1v2.6H0V0z M0,7.7h25.7v2.6H0V7.7z M0,15.4h32.1V18H0V15.4z"/> </svg> <svg height="27" viewBox="0 0 27 27" width="27" aria-label="Close Icon" class="icon-close" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="m1174.87437 25.1256313c.58579.5857865.58579 1.5355339 0 2.1213204l-10.25308 10.2523398 10.25308 10.2537568c.58579.5857865.58579 1.5355339 0 2.1213204-.58579.5857864-1.53554.5857864-2.12132 0l-10.25376-10.2530772-10.25234 10.2530772c-.58578.5857864-1.53553.5857864-2.12132 0-.58579-.5857865-.58579-1.5355339 0-2.1213204l10.25266-10.2537568-10.25266-10.2523398c-.58579-.5857865-.58579-1.5355339 0-2.1213204.58579-.5857864 1.53554-.5857864 2.12132 0l10.25234 10.2526602 10.25376-10.2526602c.58578-.5857864 1.53553-.5857864 2.12132 0z" fill="#00543c" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(-1149 -24)"/></svg> <span><span class="visually-hidden">Open Site Navigation / </span>Menu</span> </button> <button class="icon-search search-trigger-button" aria-label="Open Site Search" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="search-container"> <svg class="search-open" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 22 22" style="enable-background:new 0 0 22 22;" xml:space="preserve"> <path class="black" d="M8.8,0c4.9,0,8.8,3.9,8.8,8.8c0,2-0.7,3.9-1.8,5.3l6.2,6.2L20.3,22l-6.2-6.2 c-1.5,1.1-3.3,1.8-5.3,1.8C3.9,17.6,0,13.7,0,8.8S3.9,0,8.8,0z M8.8,2.4c-3.6,0-6.5,2.9-6.5,6.5s2.9,6.5,6.5,6.5s6.5-2.9,6.5-6.5 S12.4,2.4,8.8,2.4z"/> </svg> <svg class="search-close" width="19px" height="19px" viewBox="0 0 19 19" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-280.000000, -22.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g transform="translate(274.000000, 15.000000)"><path d="M21.8331075,7.79044769 L23.0452905,9.00263074 L16.6294477,15.4174477 L23.0452905,21.8331075 L21.8331075,23.0452905 L15.4174477,16.6294477 L9.00263074,23.0452905 L7.79044769,21.8331075 L14.2054477,15.4174477 L7.79044769,9.00263074 L9.00263074,7.79044769 L15.4174477,14.2054477 L21.8331075,7.79044769 Z"></path></g></g></g></g></svg> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div class="nav-container" id="main-navigation"> <div class="nav-wrapper"> <div class="cc--component-container cc--main-menu gold" > <div class="c--component c--main-menu" > <div class="menu-container"> <nav class="mc--menu"> <ul class="m--menu"> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for We Are USC" aria-controls="we-are-usc93"> We Are USC <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="we-are-usc93"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg width="13px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 13 12" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-64.000000, -167.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(64.000000, 160.000000)"><g transform="translate(0.000000, 7.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(6.431957, 5.714286) scale(-1, 1) rotate(-270.000000) translate(-6.431957, -5.714286) " points="12.1462424 4.99661476 6.43195667 -0.717670955 0.717670955 4.99661476 2.38320921 6.66215301 5.25389303 3.77792823 5.25389303 12.1462424 7.61002031 12.1462424 7.61002031 3.77792823 10.4807041 6.66215301"></polygon></g></g></g></g></svg>Back to Main Menu</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for The University" aria-controls="the-university69"> The University <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="the-university69"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg width="13px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 13 12" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-64.000000, -167.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(64.000000, 160.000000)"><g transform="translate(0.000000, 7.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(6.431957, 5.714286) scale(-1, 1) rotate(-270.000000) translate(-6.431957, -5.714286) " points="12.1462424 4.99661476 6.43195667 -0.717670955 0.717670955 4.99661476 2.38320921 6.66215301 5.25389303 3.77792823 5.25389303 12.1462424 7.61002031 12.1462424 7.61002031 3.77792823 10.4807041 6.66215301"></polygon></g></g></g></g></svg>Back to The University</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/we-are-usc/the-university/" class="has-description">The University<span><svg width="15px" height="10px" viewBox="0 0 15 10" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-855.000000, -257.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(600.000000, 184.000000)"><g transform="translate(25.000000, 64.500000)"><g transform="translate(230.000000, 8.571429)"><path d="M10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 L14.2857143,4.26829268 L13.571,4.982 L13.5714286,4.99380312 L13.56,4.993 L10.0174216,8.53658537 L9.28571429,7.80487805 L12.097,4.993 L0,4.99380312 L0,3.56523169 L12.119,3.565 L9.28571429,0.731707317 L10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></span></a> <div class="menu-item-description">USC is a constellation of schools, centers and institutes where some of the brightest minds are leading the way to the future of education.</div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/we-are-usc/the-university/leadership/" class="">Leadership</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/we-are-usc/the-university/faculty/" class="">Faculty</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/we-are-usc/the-university/values/" class="">Values</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/we-are-usc/the-university/facts-and-stats/" class="">Facts and Stats</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/usc-traditions/" class="">Traditions</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/we-are-usc/the-university/our-history/" class="">Our History</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for We Are Southern California" aria-controls="we-are-southern-california35"> We Are Southern California <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="we-are-southern-california35"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg width="13px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 13 12" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-64.000000, -167.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(64.000000, 160.000000)"><g transform="translate(0.000000, 7.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(6.431957, 5.714286) scale(-1, 1) rotate(-270.000000) translate(-6.431957, -5.714286) " points="12.1462424 4.99661476 6.43195667 -0.717670955 0.717670955 4.99661476 2.38320921 6.66215301 5.25389303 3.77792823 5.25389303 12.1462424 7.61002031 12.1462424 7.61002031 3.77792823 10.4807041 6.66215301"></polygon></g></g></g></g></svg>Back to We Are Southern California</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/we-are-southern-california/" class="has-description">We Are Southern California<span><svg width="15px" height="10px" viewBox="0 0 15 10" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-855.000000, -257.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(600.000000, 184.000000)"><g transform="translate(25.000000, 64.500000)"><g transform="translate(230.000000, 8.571429)"><path d="M10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 L14.2857143,4.26829268 L13.571,4.982 L13.5714286,4.99380312 L13.56,4.993 L10.0174216,8.53658537 L9.28571429,7.80487805 L12.097,4.993 L0,4.99380312 L0,3.56523169 L12.119,3.565 L9.28571429,0.731707317 L10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></span></a> <div class="menu-item-description">USC, L.A. and California's southland are inextricably linked. Our passion as a great private research university serves the public good across the city and throughout SoCal — advancing society and improving lives.</div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/we-are-southern-california/our-communities/" class="">Our Communities</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/we-are-trojans/" class="">We Are Trojans</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/we-are-connectors/" class="">We Are Connectors</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/we-are-advancing-health/" class="">We Are Advancing Health</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for We Are Global" aria-controls="we-are-global92"> We Are Global <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="we-are-global92"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg width="13px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 13 12" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-64.000000, -167.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(64.000000, 160.000000)"><g transform="translate(0.000000, 7.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(6.431957, 5.714286) scale(-1, 1) rotate(-270.000000) translate(-6.431957, -5.714286) " points="12.1462424 4.99661476 6.43195667 -0.717670955 0.717670955 4.99661476 2.38320921 6.66215301 5.25389303 3.77792823 5.25389303 12.1462424 7.61002031 12.1462424 7.61002031 3.77792823 10.4807041 6.66215301"></polygon></g></g></g></g></svg>Back to We Are Global</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/we-are-usc/we-are-global/" class="has-description">We Are Global<span><svg width="15px" height="10px" viewBox="0 0 15 10" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-855.000000, -257.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(600.000000, 184.000000)"><g transform="translate(25.000000, 64.500000)"><g transform="translate(230.000000, 8.571429)"><path d="M10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 L14.2857143,4.26829268 L13.571,4.982 L13.5714286,4.99380312 L13.56,4.993 L10.0174216,8.53658537 L9.28571429,7.80487805 L12.097,4.993 L0,4.99380312 L0,3.56523169 L12.119,3.565 L9.28571429,0.731707317 L10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></span></a> <div class="menu-item-description">Magnify your worldview and craft solutions to today's most complex global problems. USC is your launchpad to gain international perspective and grow global networks — both essential for modern careers.</div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/we-are-usc/we-are-global/global-engagement/" class="">Global Engagement</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/we-are-usc/we-are-global/global-presence/" class="">Global Presence</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/we-are-usc/we-are-global/educating-global-leaders/" class="">Educating Global Leaders</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for Academics" aria-controls="academics20"> Academics <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="academics20"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg width="13px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 13 12" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-64.000000, -167.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(64.000000, 160.000000)"><g transform="translate(0.000000, 7.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(6.431957, 5.714286) scale(-1, 1) rotate(-270.000000) translate(-6.431957, -5.714286) " points="12.1462424 4.99661476 6.43195667 -0.717670955 0.717670955 4.99661476 2.38320921 6.66215301 5.25389303 3.77792823 5.25389303 12.1462424 7.61002031 12.1462424 7.61002031 3.77792823 10.4807041 6.66215301"></polygon></g></g></g></g></svg>Back to Main Menu</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for Schools & Academic Units" aria-controls="schools-&-academic-units43"> Schools & Academic Units <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="schools-&-academic-units43"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg width="13px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 13 12" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-64.000000, -167.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(64.000000, 160.000000)"><g transform="translate(0.000000, 7.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(6.431957, 5.714286) scale(-1, 1) rotate(-270.000000) translate(-6.431957, -5.714286) " points="12.1462424 4.99661476 6.43195667 -0.717670955 0.717670955 4.99661476 2.38320921 6.66215301 5.25389303 3.77792823 5.25389303 12.1462424 7.61002031 12.1462424 7.61002031 3.77792823 10.4807041 6.66215301"></polygon></g></g></g></g></svg>Back to Schools & Academic Units</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://dornsife.usc.edu/" class="">Letters, Arts and Sciences</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.marshall.usc.edu/departments/leventhal-school-accounting" class="">Accounting</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://sac.usc.edu/" class="">Advanced Computing</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://arch.usc.edu/" class="">Architecture</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://roski.usc.edu/" class="">Art and Design</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://iovine-young.usc.edu/" class="">Arts, Technology, Business of Innovation</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.marshall.usc.edu/" class="">Business</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://cinema.usc.edu/" class="">Cinematic Arts</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://annenberg.usc.edu/" class="">Communication and Journalism</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://kaufman.usc.edu/" class="">Dance</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://dentistry.usc.edu/" class="">Dentistry</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://dramaticarts.usc.edu/" class="">Dramatic Arts</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://rossier.usc.edu/" class="">Education</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://viterbischool.usc.edu/" class="">Engineering</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://gero.usc.edu/" class="">Gerontology</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://gould.usc.edu/" class="">Law</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://keck.usc.edu/" class="">Medicine</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://music.usc.edu/" class="">Music</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://chan.usc.edu/" class="">Occupational Therapy</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://mann.usc.edu/" class="">Pharmacy</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://pt.usc.edu/" class="">Physical Therapy</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="http://bovardcollege.usc.edu/" class="">Professional Studies</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://priceschool.usc.edu/" class="">Public Policy</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://dworakpeck.usc.edu/" class="">Social Work</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for Explore Our Programs" aria-controls="explore-our-programs84"> Explore Our Programs <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="explore-our-programs84"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg width="13px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 13 12" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-64.000000, -167.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(64.000000, 160.000000)"><g transform="translate(0.000000, 7.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(6.431957, 5.714286) scale(-1, 1) rotate(-270.000000) translate(-6.431957, -5.714286) " points="12.1462424 4.99661476 6.43195667 -0.717670955 0.717670955 4.99661476 2.38320921 6.66215301 5.25389303 3.77792823 5.25389303 12.1462424 7.61002031 12.1462424 7.61002031 3.77792823 10.4807041 6.66215301"></polygon></g></g></g></g></svg>Back to Explore Our Programs</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/academics/explore-our-programs/" class="has-description">Explore Our Programs<span><svg width="15px" height="10px" viewBox="0 0 15 10" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-855.000000, -257.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(600.000000, 184.000000)"><g transform="translate(25.000000, 64.500000)"><g transform="translate(230.000000, 8.571429)"><path d="M10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 L14.2857143,4.26829268 L13.571,4.982 L13.5714286,4.99380312 L13.56,4.993 L10.0174216,8.53658537 L9.28571429,7.80487805 L12.097,4.993 L0,4.99380312 L0,3.56523169 L12.119,3.565 L9.28571429,0.731707317 L10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></span></a> <div class="menu-item-description">Discover the academic programs at USC that match your passion and interests. With 23 schools and academic divisions, we offer a range of undergraduate, graduate and professional majors.</div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/majors-minors/" class="">Majors &#038; Minors</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/graduate-professional/" class="">Graduate &#038; Professional</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/academics/explore-our-programs/postdoctoral/" class="">Postdoctoral Programs</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/academics/explore-our-programs/pre-college-programs/" class="">Pre-College Programs</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for Undergraduate Study" aria-controls="undergraduate-study58"> Undergraduate Study <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="undergraduate-study58"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg width="13px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 13 12" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-64.000000, -167.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(64.000000, 160.000000)"><g transform="translate(0.000000, 7.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(6.431957, 5.714286) scale(-1, 1) rotate(-270.000000) translate(-6.431957, -5.714286) " points="12.1462424 4.99661476 6.43195667 -0.717670955 0.717670955 4.99661476 2.38320921 6.66215301 5.25389303 3.77792823 5.25389303 12.1462424 7.61002031 12.1462424 7.61002031 3.77792823 10.4807041 6.66215301"></polygon></g></g></g></g></svg>Back to Undergraduate Study</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/academics/undergraduate-study/" class="has-description">Undergraduate Study<span><svg width="15px" height="10px" viewBox="0 0 15 10" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-855.000000, -257.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(600.000000, 184.000000)"><g transform="translate(25.000000, 64.500000)"><g transform="translate(230.000000, 8.571429)"><path d="M10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 L14.2857143,4.26829268 L13.571,4.982 L13.5714286,4.99380312 L13.56,4.993 L10.0174216,8.53658537 L9.28571429,7.80487805 L12.097,4.993 L0,4.99380312 L0,3.56523169 L12.119,3.565 L9.28571429,0.731707317 L10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></span></a> <div class="menu-item-description">At USC, one of the best colleges in the U.S., you'll work with leading experts and supportive faculty to build your path to success. Tap into USC's dynamic, global community as you embark on your world-class undergraduate study.</div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/academics/undergraduate-study/your-first-year-experience/" class="">Your First-Year Experience</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/academics/undergraduate-study/interdisciplinary-freedom/" class="">Interdisciplinary Freedom</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/academics/undergraduate-study/global-experiences/" class="">Global Experiences</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/advising-support/" class="">Advising &#038; Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://gradadm.usc.edu/" target="_blank" class="">Graduate & Professional Study</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://international.usc.edu/" target="_blank" class="">USC International Academy</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://online.usc.edu/" target="_blank" class="">USC Online</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://precollege.usc.edu/summer-programs/" target="_blank" class="">High School Summer Programs</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://libraries.usc.edu/" target="_blank" class="">Libraries</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/academic-calendar/" class="">Academic Calendar</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://classes.usc.edu/" class="">Schedule of Classes</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for Life at USC" aria-controls="life-at-usc97"> Life at USC <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="life-at-usc97"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg width="13px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 13 12" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-64.000000, -167.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(64.000000, 160.000000)"><g transform="translate(0.000000, 7.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(6.431957, 5.714286) scale(-1, 1) rotate(-270.000000) translate(-6.431957, -5.714286) " points="12.1462424 4.99661476 6.43195667 -0.717670955 0.717670955 4.99661476 2.38320921 6.66215301 5.25389303 3.77792823 5.25389303 12.1462424 7.61002031 12.1462424 7.61002031 3.77792823 10.4807041 6.66215301"></polygon></g></g></g></g></svg>Back to Main Menu</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/life-usc/living-in-la/" class="">Living in L.A.</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for Campus Life" aria-controls="campus-life67"> Campus Life <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="campus-life67"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg width="13px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 13 12" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-64.000000, -167.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(64.000000, 160.000000)"><g transform="translate(0.000000, 7.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(6.431957, 5.714286) scale(-1, 1) rotate(-270.000000) translate(-6.431957, -5.714286) " points="12.1462424 4.99661476 6.43195667 -0.717670955 0.717670955 4.99661476 2.38320921 6.66215301 5.25389303 3.77792823 5.25389303 12.1462424 7.61002031 12.1462424 7.61002031 3.77792823 10.4807041 6.66215301"></polygon></g></g></g></g></svg>Back to Campus Life</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/life-usc/campus-life/" class="has-description">Campus Life<span><svg width="15px" height="10px" viewBox="0 0 15 10" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-855.000000, -257.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(600.000000, 184.000000)"><g transform="translate(25.000000, 64.500000)"><g transform="translate(230.000000, 8.571429)"><path d="M10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 L14.2857143,4.26829268 L13.571,4.982 L13.5714286,4.99380312 L13.56,4.993 L10.0174216,8.53658537 L9.28571429,7.80487805 L12.097,4.993 L0,4.99380312 L0,3.56523169 L12.119,3.565 L9.28571429,0.731707317 L10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></span></a> <div class="menu-item-description">USC offers an endless variety of activities and events for students to get involved in. From student-run clubs and organizations to exclusive film screenings and outdoor yoga, there is something for everyone on campus.</div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/life-usc/campus-life/housing-dining/" class="">Housing &#038; Dining</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/student-organizations-and-clubs/" class="">Student Organizations and Clubs</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/community-service/" class="">Community Service</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/life-usc/campus-life/usc-village/" class="">USC Village</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/campus-safety/" class="">Campus Safety</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/life-usc/health-and-wellness/" class="">Health and Well-being</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for Research & Creativity" aria-controls="research-&-creativity38"> Research & Creativity <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="research-&-creativity38"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg width="13px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 13 12" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-64.000000, -167.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(64.000000, 160.000000)"><g transform="translate(0.000000, 7.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(6.431957, 5.714286) scale(-1, 1) rotate(-270.000000) translate(-6.431957, -5.714286) " points="12.1462424 4.99661476 6.43195667 -0.717670955 0.717670955 4.99661476 2.38320921 6.66215301 5.25389303 3.77792823 5.25389303 12.1462424 7.61002031 12.1462424 7.61002031 3.77792823 10.4807041 6.66215301"></polygon></g></g></g></g></svg>Back to Main Menu</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for Research &#038; Innovation" aria-controls="research-&#038;-innovation64"> Research &#038; Innovation <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="research-&#038;-innovation64"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg width="13px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 13 12" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-64.000000, -167.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(64.000000, 160.000000)"><g transform="translate(0.000000, 7.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(6.431957, 5.714286) scale(-1, 1) rotate(-270.000000) translate(-6.431957, -5.714286) " points="12.1462424 4.99661476 6.43195667 -0.717670955 0.717670955 4.99661476 2.38320921 6.66215301 5.25389303 3.77792823 5.25389303 12.1462424 7.61002031 12.1462424 7.61002031 3.77792823 10.4807041 6.66215301"></polygon></g></g></g></g></svg>Back to Research &#038; Innovation</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/" class="has-description">Research &#038; Innovation<span><svg width="15px" height="10px" viewBox="0 0 15 10" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-855.000000, -257.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(600.000000, 184.000000)"><g transform="translate(25.000000, 64.500000)"><g transform="translate(230.000000, 8.571429)"><path d="M10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 L14.2857143,4.26829268 L13.571,4.982 L13.5714286,4.99380312 L13.56,4.993 L10.0174216,8.53658537 L9.28571429,7.80487805 L12.097,4.993 L0,4.99380312 L0,3.56523169 L12.119,3.565 L9.28571429,0.731707317 L10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></span></a> <div class="menu-item-description">USC engages in forward-looking, collaborative research with industries around the world to find unprecedented and much-needed solutions for some of the most complex issues facing humanity today.</div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/student-research/" class="">Student Research</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/faculty-research/" class="">Faculty Research</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-resources/" class="">Research Resources</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/innovation/" class="">Innovation</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://research.usc.edu/" class="">Office of Research & Innovation</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/creative-expression/" class="">Creative Expression</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for Our Impact" aria-controls="our-impact36"> Our Impact <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="our-impact36"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg width="13px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 13 12" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-64.000000, -167.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(64.000000, 160.000000)"><g transform="translate(0.000000, 7.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(6.431957, 5.714286) scale(-1, 1) rotate(-270.000000) translate(-6.431957, -5.714286) " points="12.1462424 4.99661476 6.43195667 -0.717670955 0.717670955 4.99661476 2.38320921 6.66215301 5.25389303 3.77792823 5.25389303 12.1462424 7.61002031 12.1462424 7.61002031 3.77792823 10.4807041 6.66215301"></polygon></g></g></g></g></svg>Back to Our Impact</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/our-impact/" class="has-description">Our Impact<span><svg width="15px" height="10px" viewBox="0 0 15 10" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-855.000000, -257.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(600.000000, 184.000000)"><g transform="translate(25.000000, 64.500000)"><g transform="translate(230.000000, 8.571429)"><path d="M10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 L14.2857143,4.26829268 L13.571,4.982 L13.5714286,4.99380312 L13.56,4.993 L10.0174216,8.53658537 L9.28571429,7.80487805 L12.097,4.993 L0,4.99380312 L0,3.56523169 L12.119,3.565 L9.28571429,0.731707317 L10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></span></a> <div class="menu-item-description">At USC, we are defining conversations, influencing policy and creating a healthier and more sustainable future for all. Our students, faculty and alumni are making an impact in Los Angeles and around the world.</div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/our-impact/inventing-solutions/" class="">Inventing Solutions</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/our-impact/exploring-medical-frontiers/" class="">Exploring Medical Frontiers</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/our-impact/creating-new-knowledge/" class="">Creating New Knowledge</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for Admission & Aid" aria-controls="admission-&-aid4"> Admission & Aid <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="admission-&-aid4"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg width="13px" height="12px" viewBox="0 0 13 12" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-64.000000, -167.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(64.000000, 160.000000)"><g transform="translate(0.000000, 7.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(6.431957, 5.714286) scale(-1, 1) rotate(-270.000000) translate(-6.431957, -5.714286) " points="12.1462424 4.99661476 6.43195667 -0.717670955 0.717670955 4.99661476 2.38320921 6.66215301 5.25389303 3.77792823 5.25389303 12.1462424 7.61002031 12.1462424 7.61002031 3.77792823 10.4807041 6.66215301"></polygon></g></g></g></g></svg>Back to Main Menu</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://admission.usc.edu/" class="">Undergraduate Admission</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://admission.usc.edu/new-student-orientation/" class="">Undergraduate Orientation</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://gradadm.usc.edu/" class="">Graduate Admission</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://gradadm.usc.edu/graduate-orientation/" class="">Graduate Orientation</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://financialaid.usc.edu/" class="">Financial Aid</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/visit-usc/" class="">Visit USC</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--secondary-menu gold" > <div class="c--component c--secondary-menu" > <div class="menu-container"> <nav> <ul class="m--menu"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="http://usctrojans.com/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >USC Athletics</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/usc-patient-care/" >USC Patient Care</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div></div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--header-image " > <div class="c--component c--header-image" > <div class="image-container"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/USC-students-celebrating-1280x1280-1-768x768.jpg" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/USC-students-celebrating-1280x1280-1.jpg 1280w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/USC-students-celebrating-1280x1280-1-768x768.jpg 768w" data-sizes="(min-width:1024px) 50vw, (min-width:768px) 100vw, 100vw" class="lazyload" alt="Students cheering on a game" /> </div> </div> </div></div> </div></div> <div class="supplementary-menus"> <div class="cc--component-container cc--utility-menu gold" > <div class="c--component c--utility-menu" > <div class="menu-container"> <nav aria-label="Utility Menu"> <ul class="m--menu"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://my.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >MyUSC</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://news.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >News</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="http://calendar.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Events</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/visit-usc/" >Visit</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://admit.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Apply</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="http://giving.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Giving</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div></div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--audiences-menu gold" > <div class="c--component c--audiences-menu" > <div class="menu-container"> <nav> <ul class="m--menu" aria-label="Audience Menu"> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://employees.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Employees</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://studentaffairs.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Students</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://faculty.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Faculty</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://alumni.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Alumni</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://parents.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Families</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://uscdirectory.usc.edu/web/directory/faculty-staff/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Directories</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--search-form gold" id="search-container" role="dialog" > <div class="c--component c--search-form" > <div class="f--field f--section-title"> <h2>What are you looking for?</h2> </div> <form autocomplete="on" name="search-form" method="get" action="https://search.usc.edu/s/search.html" > <div class="fi--form-item fi--form-item-hidden "> <input type="hidden" name="collection" value="usc-search" > </div> <label class="visually-hidden" for="search">Search:</label> <div class="input-wrapper"> <div class="fi--form-item fi--search"> <input type="text" id="search" maxlength="150" class="form-autocomplete form-text ui-autocomplete-input" name="query" autocomplete="off" data-drupal-selector="edit-search-2" placeholder="Search USC" size="150" > </div> </div> <div class="fi--form-item fi--form-item-submit "> <button> Search </button> </div> </form> <div class="links"> <div class="f--field f--cta-title"> <h3> Suggested Searches </h3> </div> <ul> <li> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://www.usc.edu/majors-minors/ target="_blank" aria-label="Link to Majors & Minors">Majors & Minors</a> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div></div> </div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--horizontal-strip gold" > <div class="c--component c--horizontal-strip" > <div class="menu-container"> <div class="strip-wrapper"> <button class="horizontal-strip-toggle" aria-label="Expand Horizontal Menu"> <svg class="open-icon" height="7" viewBox="0 0 11 7" width="11" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="m3.1377551 6.65816327 4.43877551-4.43877551.91836735.91836734-5.35714286 5.35714286-5.35714286-5.35714286.91836735-.91836734z" fill="#fff" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="matrix(-1 0 0 1 8.637755 -2.219388)"/></svg> <svg class="close-icon" height="18" viewBox="0 0 18 18" width="18" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="m25.4719587 9.08885563 1.4142136 1.41421357-7.4843167 7.4847864 7.4843167 7.4841031-1.4142136 1.4142136-7.4841031-7.4843167-7.4847864 7.4843167-1.41421357-1.4142136 7.48499997-7.4841031-7.48499997-7.4847864 1.41421357-1.41421357 7.4847864 7.48499997z" fill="#fff" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="translate(-9 -9)"/></svg> </button> <ul class="breadcrumb-menu"> <li class="menu-item"> Research & Creativity </li> <li class="menu-item"> <span>Research &#038; Innovation</span> </li> </ul> </div> <nav class="horizontal-strip-nav"> <ul class="m--menu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item--active-trail"> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for Research &#038; Innovation" aria-controls="hor-nav-research-&#038;-innovation74"> Research &#038; Innovation <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="hor-nav-research-&#038;-innovation74"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg height="12" viewBox="0 0 20 12" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="m22.0243902 12 5.9756098 5.9756098-1 .9983902v.0173244l-.017-.0003244-4.9586098 4.9602195-1.0243902-1.0243902 3.935-3.9358293-16.935.0003244v-2l16.967-.0003244-3.967-3.9666098z" fill="#fff" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="matrix(-1 0 0 -1 28 23.95122)"/></svg>Back to Sections Menu</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item menu-item--active-trail"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/" class="has-description">Research &#038; Innovation<span><svg width="15px" height="10px" viewBox="0 0 15 10" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-855.000000, -257.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(600.000000, 184.000000)"><g transform="translate(25.000000, 64.500000)"><g transform="translate(230.000000, 8.571429)"><path d="M10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 L14.2857143,4.26829268 L13.571,4.982 L13.5714286,4.99380312 L13.56,4.993 L10.0174216,8.53658537 L9.28571429,7.80487805 L12.097,4.993 L0,4.99380312 L0,3.56523169 L12.119,3.565 L9.28571429,0.731707317 L10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></span></a> <div class="menu-item-description">USC engages in forward-looking, collaborative research with industries around the world to find unprecedented and much-needed solutions for some of the most complex issues facing humanity today.</div> </li> <li class="menu-item "> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/student-research/" class="">Student Research</a> </li> <li class="menu-item "> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/faculty-research/" class="">Faculty Research</a> </li> <li class="menu-item "> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-resources/" class="">Research Resources</a> </li> <li class="menu-item "> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/innovation/" class="">Innovation</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item "> <a href="https://research.usc.edu/" class="">Office of Research & Innovation</a> </li> <li class="menu-item "> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/creative-expression/" class="">Creative Expression</a> </li> <li class="menu-item "> <div class="link-arrow-wrapper"> <button class="expand" type="button" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Display Sub Menu for Our Impact" aria-controls="hor-nav-our-impact55"> Our Impact <span class="icon"> <svg width="7px" height="11px" viewBox="0 0 7 11" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-230.000000, -41.000000)" fill="#333333"><g><g><g transform="translate(0.000000, 24.000000)"><g transform="translate(220.000000, 10.000000)"><polygon transform="translate(13.137755, 12.500000) scale(-1, 1) rotate(90.000000) translate(-13.137755, -12.500000) " points="13.1377551 13.8010204 17.5765306 9.3622449 18.494898 10.2806122 13.1377551 15.6377551 7.78061224 10.2806122 8.69897959 9.3622449"></polygon></g></g></g></g></g></g></svg> </span> </button> </div> <div class="submenus-wrapper" id="hor-nav-our-impact55"> <button class="back-to-prev"><svg height="12" viewBox="0 0 20 12" width="20" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="m22.0243902 12 5.9756098 5.9756098-1 .9983902v.0173244l-.017-.0003244-4.9586098 4.9602195-1.0243902-1.0243902 3.935-3.9358293-16.935.0003244v-2l16.967-.0003244-3.967-3.9666098z" fill="#fff" fill-rule="evenodd" transform="matrix(-1 0 0 -1 28 23.95122)"/></svg>Back to Sections Menu</button> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu"> <li class="menu-item "> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/our-impact/" class="has-description">Our Impact<span><svg width="15px" height="10px" viewBox="0 0 15 10" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><g stroke="none" stroke-width="1" fill="none" fill-rule="evenodd"><g transform="translate(-855.000000, -257.000000)" fill="#FFFFFF"><g transform="translate(600.000000, 184.000000)"><g transform="translate(25.000000, 64.500000)"><g transform="translate(230.000000, 8.571429)"><path d="M10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 L14.2857143,4.26829268 L13.571,4.982 L13.5714286,4.99380312 L13.56,4.993 L10.0174216,8.53658537 L9.28571429,7.80487805 L12.097,4.993 L0,4.99380312 L0,3.56523169 L12.119,3.565 L9.28571429,0.731707317 L10.0174216,7.79901721e-16 Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></svg></span></a> <div class="menu-item-description">At USC, we are defining conversations, influencing policy and creating a healthier and more sustainable future for all. Our students, faculty and alumni are making an impact in Los Angeles and around the world.</div> </li> <li class="menu-item "> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/our-impact/inventing-solutions/" class="">Inventing Solutions</a> </li> <li class="menu-item "> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/our-impact/exploring-medical-frontiers/" class="">Exploring Medical Frontiers</a> </li> <li class="menu-item "> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/our-impact/creating-new-knowledge/" class="">Creating New Knowledge</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div></div> </div> </div></div> </div> </header> <main id="main-content"> <div class="l--content"> <div class="content"> <section class="tc--template-container tc--content-page"> <div class="t--template t--content-page"> <div class="content-main"> <div class="lc--layout-container lc--full"> <div class="l--layout l--full"> <div class="lr--layout-region lr--main"> <div class="content-wrapper"> <article class="post-type-page" id="post-1367"> <div class="article-content"> <div class="article-body"> <div class="cc--component-container cc--simplified-landing-hero " > <div class="c--component c--simplified-landing-hero" > <div class="image-title-container"> <div class="image-container" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022103_USC_Health_Campaign_April_2022_1043.JPG-768x432.jpg" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022103_USC_Health_Campaign_April_2022_1043.JPG-1920x1080.jpg 1920w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022103_USC_Health_Campaign_April_2022_1043.JPG-1280x720.jpg 1280w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022103_USC_Health_Campaign_April_2022_1043.JPG-768x432.jpg 768w" data-sizes="(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw" class="lazyload" alt="Two research looking at a sample together" /> </div> </div> <div class="text-container"> <div class="f--field f--page-title"> <h1>Research &#038; Innovation</h1> </div> <div class="f--field f--description"> <p>Research is what we do best because we&#8217;ve created a dynamic, collaborative ecosystem to produce timely, quality work. Breaking silos is what we do. Students at all levels are encouraged to participate in cross-disciplinary research projects, working with distinguished faculty and our surrounding community. Industries around the world look to USC for leadership, inspiration and opportunities to partner around today&#8217;s most important and immediate questions.</p> </div> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://research.usc.edu aria-label="Read more about Office of Research &amp; Innovation">Office of Research &amp; Innovation</a> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--spacer " > <div class="c--component c--spacer" > </div></div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--editorial-cards " > <div class="c--component c--editorial-cards" > <div class="header-container"> <div class="f--field f--section-title"> <h2>Tackling Today&#8217;s Problems</h2> </div> <div class="f--field f--description"> <p>Research at USC translates into real-world solutions. These projects have generated actionable plans for some of today&#8217;s most pervasive issues.</p> </div> </div> <div class="cards-container"> <div class="card"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <a href="https://www.annenberglab.com/projects/truthiness-collaborative/" aria-label="The Truthiness Collaborative" > <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/truthiness-collaboration-320x320.jpeg" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/truthiness-collaboration-768x768.jpeg 768w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/truthiness-collaboration-320x320.jpeg 320w" data-sizes="(min-width:1024px) 50vw, (min-width:768px) 100vw, 100vw" class="lazyload" alt="A graphic of light beams crossing each other." /> </a> </div> <div class="text-container"> <div class="f--field f--eyebrow"> <span>Navigating the information ecosystem</span> </div> <h3> <a href="https://www.annenberglab.com/projects/truthiness-collaborative/"> The Truthiness Collaborative </a> </h3> </div> </div> <div class="card"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <a href="https://arnicusc.org/research/connecting-skid-row/" aria-label="Connecting Skid Row" > <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/USC_Francois_Bar_8716_HIREZ-skid-row-1x1-1-e1678126952901-320x320.jpg" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/USC_Francois_Bar_8716_HIREZ-skid-row-1x1-1-e1678126952901-320x320.jpg 320w" data-sizes="(min-width:1024px) 50vw, (min-width:768px) 100vw, 100vw" class="lazyload" alt="A group of people working on a bike for their "Charge and Chill" charging bike." /> </a> </div> <div class="text-container"> <div class="f--field f--eyebrow"> <span>Homelessness &#038; technology</span> </div> <h3> <a href="https://arnicusc.org/research/connecting-skid-row/"> Connecting Skid Row </a> </h3> </div> </div> <div class="card"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <a href="https://dornsife.usc.edu/news/stories/3442/next-biofuel-source-giant-sea-kelp/" aria-label="The next biofuel source could be giant sea kelp" > <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/kelp-biofuel-320x320.jpeg" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/kelp-biofuel-320x320.jpeg 320w" data-sizes="(min-width:1024px) 50vw, (min-width:768px) 100vw, 100vw" class="lazyload" alt="A kelp forest in the ocean." /> </a> </div> <div class="text-container"> <div class="f--field f--eyebrow"> <span>Sustainable solutions</span> </div> <h3> <a href="https://dornsife.usc.edu/news/stories/3442/next-biofuel-source-giant-sea-kelp/"> The next biofuel source could be giant sea kelp </a> </h3> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--video-with-text with-bg" > <div class="c--component c--video-with-text" > <div class="bg-container"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/michelson-center-video-still-768x432.png" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/michelson-center-video-still-1920x1080.png 1920w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/michelson-center-video-still-1280x720.png 1280w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/michelson-center-video-still-768x432.png 768w" data-sizes="(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw" class="lazyload" alt="A brain scan from an MRI machine." /> </div> </div> <div class="inner-wrapper"> <div class="header-container"> <div class="f--field f--section-title"> <h2>Interdisciplinary Energy</h2> </div> <div class="f--field f--description"> <p>Today&#8217;s challenges are multifaceted, complex issues that reflect our globalized world. In response, our research approach is to collaborate across boundaries. The Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience is just one example of how we think and act outside the lines.</p> </div> </div> <div class="video-container"> <div class="image-container"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/michelson-center-video-still-cover-1-color-768x432.png" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/michelson-center-video-still-cover-1-color-1920x1080.png 1920w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/michelson-center-video-still-cover-1-color-1280x720.png 1280w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/michelson-center-video-still-cover-1-color-768x432.png 768w" data-sizes="(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw" class="lazyload" alt="A scientist using a pipette while working in a lab." /> </div> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GSW3h4k7W38" data-lity aria-label="Play video in lightbox" class="play-video"> <svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 75 75" enable-background="new 0 0 75 75" xml:space="preserve"> <rect fill="#FFCC00" width="75" height="75"/> <polygon fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" points="44.4,37.5 34.2,43.9 34.2,31.1 "/> </svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--featured-block image-left" > <div class="c--component c--featured-block" > <div class="text-image-container"> <div class="text-container"> <div class="f--field f--section-title"> <h2>Student Research</h2> </div> <div class="f--field f--description"> <p>Students are integrated in every level of the research that happens at USC. Learn how students contribute to important advances.</p> </div> <div class="links-container"> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/student-research/ aria-label="Read more about Learn more">Learn more</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="image-container"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/SCEC_Griffith01_web-824x549-1-768x432.jpeg" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/SCEC_Griffith01_web-824x549-1-768x432.jpeg 768w" data-sizes="(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw" class="lazyload" alt="Students holding large map together as they walk down a path" /> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--featured-block " > <div class="c--component c--featured-block" > <div class="text-image-container"> <div class="text-container"> <div class="f--field f--section-title"> <h2>Faculty Research</h2> </div> <div class="f--field f--description"> <p>Our top-notch faculty make us one of the leading private research universities in the country. Find out what they&#8217;re working on.</p> </div> <div class="links-container"> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://www.usc.edu/research-creativity/research-innovation/faculty-research/ aria-label="Read more about Learn more">Learn more</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="image-container"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022105_USC_Health_Campaign_May_2022_0498.jpg-768x432.jpg" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022105_USC_Health_Campaign_May_2022_0498.jpg-1920x1080.jpg 1920w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022105_USC_Health_Campaign_May_2022_0498.jpg-1280x720.jpg 1280w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022105_USC_Health_Campaign_May_2022_0498.jpg-768x432.jpg 768w" data-sizes="(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw" class="lazyload" alt="Researcher looking at machine" /> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--featured-block image-left" > <div class="c--component c--featured-block" > <div class="text-image-container"> <div class="text-container"> <div class="f--field f--section-title"> <h2>Research Resources</h2> </div> <div class="f--field f--description"> <p>Our resources empower USC&#8217;s research community to be creative, make astonishing discoveries and translate findings for the betterment of humanity. Find support, methods and tools to make these endeavors happen.</p> </div> <div class="links-container"> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://www.usc.edu/research-resources/ aria-label="Read more about Learn more">Learn more</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="image-container"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022101_USC_Health_Campaign_March_20220231.jpg-768x432.jpg" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022101_USC_Health_Campaign_March_20220231.jpg-1920x1080.jpg 1920w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022101_USC_Health_Campaign_March_20220231.jpg-1280x720.jpg 1280w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/2022101_USC_Health_Campaign_March_20220231.jpg-768x432.jpg 768w" data-sizes="(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw" class="lazyload" alt="Hand holding clear dish" /> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--full-width-image-and-text text-left" > <div class="c--component c--full-width-image-and-text" > <div class="image-container"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/16667854567_365d72b79e_o-768x432.jpg" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/16667854567_365d72b79e_o-1920x1080.jpg 1920w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/16667854567_365d72b79e_o-1280x720.jpg 1280w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/16667854567_365d72b79e_o-768x432.jpg 768w" data-sizes="(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw" class="lazyload" alt="A group of students standing in front of a light stage." /> </div> </div> <div class="text-container"> <div class="f--field f--section-title"> <h2>A Place for Innovation</h2> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="f--field f--description"> <p>Thinkers and doers thrive in USC&#8217;s collaborative, multidisciplinary environment. We foster an entrepreneurial culture focused on solving problems to improve the human condition — and it all starts with innovation.</p> </div> <div class="links-container"> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://www.usc.edu/innovation/ aria-label="Read more about Learn more">Learn more</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--spacer " > <div class="c--component c--spacer" > </div></div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--full-width-image-and-text " > <div class="c--component c--full-width-image-and-text" > <div class="image-container"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/8429846155_bbf6b711cf_o-768x432.jpg" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/12/8429846155_bbf6b711cf_o-768x432.jpg 768w" data-sizes="(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw" class="lazyload" alt="Two students wearing a virtual reality headset." /> </div> </div> <div class="text-container"> <div class="f--field f--section-title"> <h2>Centers &#038; Institutes</h2> </div> <div class="col"> <div class="f--field f--description"> <p>Spanning a wide array of disciplines and specialties, USC&#8217;s centers and institutes are the hotbeds of innovative inquiry and collaboration pushing the frontiers of knowledge forward. USC’s interdisciplinary research ecosystem includes numerous cross-school research projects, programs and initiatives.</p> </div> <div class="links-container"> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://research.usc.edu/research-and-scholarship/centers/ aria-label="Read more about Learn more">Learn more</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--featured-articles " > <div class="c--component c--featured-articles" > <div class="header-container"> <div class="f--field f--section-title"> <h2>Research News</h2> </div> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://news.usc.edu/tag/research/ target="_blank" aria-label="Read more about More Research News">More Research News</a> </div> </div> <div class="flex-container"> <div class="featured-card"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <a href="https://today.usc.edu/6-million-grant-advances-potential-treatment-for-common-cause-of-vision-loss/" aria-label="$6 million grant advances potential treatment for common cause of vision loss" > <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/istock1345451458_uscnews-768x432.jpg" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/istock1345451458_uscnews-1920x1080.jpg 1920w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/istock1345451458_uscnews-1280x720.jpg 1280w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/istock1345451458_uscnews-768x432.jpg 768w" data-sizes="(min-width:1200px) 75vw, (min-width:768px) 83vw, 100vw" class="lazyload" alt="$6 million grant advances potential treatment for common cause of vision loss" /> </a> </div> <div class="f--field f--eyebrow"> <span>Health</span> </div> <div class="f--field f--cta-title"> <h3> <a href="https://today.usc.edu/6-million-grant-advances-potential-treatment-for-common-cause-of-vision-loss/" >$6 million grant advances potential treatment for common cause of vision loss</a> </h3> </div> <div class="f--field f--description"> <p>The funding supports USC research into a therapy for dry age-related macular degeneration, a leading cause of blindness in older adults.</p> </div> <div class="f--field f--eyebrow date"> <span>Nov 20, 2024</span> </div> </div> <div class="cards-list"> <div class="article-card"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <a href="https://today.usc.edu/vapers-and-smokers-exhibit-similar-dna-changes-linked-to-risk-of-disease/" aria-label="Vapers and smokers exhibit similar DNA changes linked to risk of disease" > <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/istock8423935841920x1080-320x180.jpg" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/istock8423935841920x1080-1280x720.jpg 1280w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/istock8423935841920x1080-768x432.jpg 768w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/istock8423935841920x1080-320x180.jpg 320w" data-sizes="(min-width:1024px) 23vw, (min-width:768px) 39vw, 83vw" class="lazyload" alt="Vapers and smokers exhibit similar DNA changes linked to risk of disease" /> </a> </div> <div class="text-container"> <div class="f--field f--eyebrow"> <span>Health</span> </div> <div class="f--field f--cta-title"> <h3> <a href="https://today.usc.edu/vapers-and-smokers-exhibit-similar-dna-changes-linked-to-risk-of-disease/" >Vapers and smokers exhibit similar DNA changes linked to risk of disease</a> </h3> </div> <div class="f--field f--description"> <p>USC researchers compared young adults who vaped, smoked and did not use nicotine products at all.</p> </div> <div class="f--field f--eyebrow date"> <span>Aug 14, 2024</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="article-card"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <a href="https://news.keckmedicine.org/cannabis-use-tied-to-head-and-neck-cancer/" target="_blank" aria-label="Cannabis use tied to head and neck cancer" > <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/adobestock_250143346.jpeg_uscnews-320x180.jpg" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/adobestock_250143346.jpeg_uscnews-1280x720.jpg 1280w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/adobestock_250143346.jpeg_uscnews-768x432.jpg 768w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/adobestock_250143346.jpeg_uscnews-320x180.jpg 320w" data-sizes="(min-width:1024px) 23vw, (min-width:768px) 39vw, 83vw" class="lazyload" alt="Person exhaling smoke" /> </a> </div> <div class="text-container"> <div class="f--field f--eyebrow"> <span>Health</span> </div> <div class="f--field f--cta-title"> <h3> <a href="https://news.keckmedicine.org/cannabis-use-tied-to-head-and-neck-cancer/" target="_blank" >Cannabis use tied to head and neck cancer</a> </h3> </div> <div class="f--field f--description"> <p>A USC study reveals that people with cannabis dependence are up to five times more likely to develop head and neck cancer than non-users.</p> </div> <div class="f--field f--eyebrow date"> <span>Aug 8, 2024</span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="article-card"> <div class="f--field f--image"> <a href="https://today.usc.edu/study-maps-how-genes-instruct-kidneys-to-develop-differently-in-mice-and-humans/" aria-label="Study maps how genes instruct kidneys to develop differently in mice and humans" > <img data-src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/artboard_1300x_no_legend_uscnews-320x180.jpg" data-srcset="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/artboard_1300x_no_legend_uscnews-1280x720.jpg 1280w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/artboard_1300x_no_legend_uscnews-768x432.jpg 768w,https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/artboard_1300x_no_legend_uscnews-320x180.jpg 320w" data-sizes="(min-width:1024px) 23vw, (min-width:768px) 39vw, 83vw" class="lazyload" alt="Study maps how genes instruct kidneys to develop differently in mice and humans" /> </a> </div> <div class="text-container"> <div class="f--field f--eyebrow"> <span>Health</span> </div> <div class="f--field f--cta-title"> <h3> <a href="https://today.usc.edu/study-maps-how-genes-instruct-kidneys-to-develop-differently-in-mice-and-humans/" >Study maps how genes instruct kidneys to develop differently in mice and humans</a> </h3> </div> <div class="f--field f--description"> <p>USC stem cell researchers wanted to know: How similar is kidney development in humans and in the lab mice that form the foundation of basic medical research?</p> </div> <div class="f--field f--eyebrow date"> <span>Aug 8, 2024</span> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--two-column-ctas " > <div class="c--component c--two-column-ctas" > <div class="group"> <div class="f--field f--section-title"> <h2>Keep Exploring</h2> </div> <ul> <li> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://www.usc.edu/research/student-research/ aria-label="Read more about Student Research">Student Research</a> </div> </li> <li> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://www.usc.edu/research/faculty-research/ aria-label="Read more about Faculty Research">Faculty Research</a> </div> </li> <li> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://www.usc.edu/creative-expression/ aria-label="Read more about Creative Expression">Creative Expression</a> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="group"> <div class="f--field f--section-title"> <h2>Take the Next Step</h2> </div> <ul> <li> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://admission.usc.edu/contact/request-for-information/ aria-label="Read more about Request Information">Request Information</a> </div> </li> <li> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://www.usc.edu/visit/ aria-label="Read more about Visit USC">Visit USC</a> </div> </li> <li> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://admission.usc.edu/apply/ aria-label="Read more about Apply to USC">Apply to USC</a> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- t--template t--content-page --> </section> <!-- tc--template-container tc--content-page --> </div> </div> </main> <footer id="footer" aria-label="Site Footer"> <div class="cc--component-container cc--footer gold" > <div class="c--component c--footer" > <div class="footer-main"> <div class="footer-branding"> <div class="logo-locations"> <a class="logo" href="/" aria-label="University of Southern California" rel="home"> <svg enable-background="new 0 0 274 59" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 274 59" xml:space="preserve" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><style type="text/css">.st0{fill-rule:evenodd;clip-rule:evenodd;fill:#990000;}.st1{fill-rule:evenodd;clip-rule:evenodd;}.st2{filter:url(#b);}.st3{fill-rule:evenodd;clip-rule:evenodd;fill:#FFFFFF;}.st4{mask:url(#a);fill-rule:evenodd;clip-rule:evenodd;}</style><path class="st0" d="m54.2 7.3c0-1-0.2-1.5-1-1.5h-1.4c-0.2 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.3v-0.6c0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.3-0.2 0.3 0 1.7 0.1 4.6 0.1 2.5 0 4-0.1 4.3-0.1 0.2 0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2v0.7c0 0.2-0.1 0.2-0.2 0.2h-1.3c-0.9 0-1.4 0.5-1.5 1.2 0 0.4-0.1 2.2-0.1 3.9v3.7c0 1.5 0 3.6 0.1 4.6 0.1 1.4 0.3 2.8 1 3.7 1 1.4 2.6 1.9 4.1 1.9 1.4 0 3.1-0.5 4-1.4 1.1-1.1 1.7-2.9 1.7-5.1v-5.4c0-2.4-0.2-5-0.3-5.7-0.1-0.8-0.6-1.3-1.2-1.3h-1.1c-0.2 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2v-0.8c0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.2-0.2 0.3 0 1.7 0.1 3.7 0.1 1.9 0 2.8-0.1 3.1-0.1s0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2v0.7c0 0.2 0 0.3-0.2 0.3h-1.1c-1.1 0-1.2 0.8-1.3 1.2s-0.1 4.5-0.1 4.9-0.1 5.6-0.2 6.8c-0.2 2.5-0.9 4.3-2.5 5.7-1.3 1.1-3.2 1.9-5.4 1.9-1.4 0-3.2-0.2-4.3-0.7-1.7-0.7-2.9-2.1-3.5-4-0.4-1.3-0.5-3.3-0.5-7.2v-7.2z"></path><path class="st0" d="m74.2 19.3c0.1 0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 1 0.3 2.1 1.1 3.4 0.9 1.4 2.5 2.2 4 2.2 1.6 0 3.9-1 3.9-3.5 0-2.8-1.3-3.7-4.4-4.8-1-0.4-2.9-1.2-4.4-2.5-1-1-1.5-2.5-1.5-4.3 0-1.7 0.7-3.1 2.1-4.2 1.2-1 2.5-1.4 4.3-1.4 2 0 3.2 0.5 3.8 0.7 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.6-0.1l0.4-0.4c0.1-0.1 0.2-0.2 0.4-0.2s0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5c0 0.5 0.5 4.7 0.5 5 0 0.1-0.1 0.2-0.2 0.2l-0.5 0.2c-0.1 0-0.2 0-0.3-0.2-0.3-0.8-0.8-2-1.9-3.2-0.8-0.8-1.7-1.3-3.1-1.3-2.4 0-3.4 1.9-3.4 3 0 1 0.1 1.9 0.8 2.7 0.8 0.8 2.5 1.5 3.7 1.9 1.7 0.5 3.2 1.1 4.3 2.3 1 1 1.5 2.3 1.5 4.3 0 3.7-2.4 6.6-6.3 6.6-2.5 0-3.9-0.5-5.1-1.4-0.4-0.2-0.5-0.4-0.7-0.4s-0.3 0.2-0.5 0.5-0.3 0.4-0.5 0.4-0.4-0.2-0.4-0.5c0.1-0.4 0.5-5.2 0.5-5.6 0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.2-0.2l0.7 0.1z"></path><path class="st0" d="m107.4 21.1c0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.3-1.8 2.6-4.7 5-8.9 5-3.8 0-6-1.1-7.8-2.8-2.2-2-3.2-5.4-3.2-8.1 0-2.9 1-5.7 3.1-8 1.6-1.7 4.2-3.2 7.8-3.2 2.8 0 5 0.8 6 1.4 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.6 0l0.2-0.8c0.1-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.5-0.2s0.4 0.1 0.4 0.5c0 0.5 0.6 5.3 0.7 6.2 0 0.2 0 0.3-0.1 0.3l-0.6 0.2c-0.1 0.1-0.2-0.1-0.3-0.3-0.4-1.1-1.1-2.6-2.3-3.9-1.3-1.3-2.9-2.2-5.2-2.2-4.8 0-6.8 4.3-6.8 8.6 0 1.9 0.5 5.4 2.8 7.8 2 2.1 3.7 2.3 5.1 2.3 3.3 0 5.9-1.6 7.2-3.5 0.1-0.2 0.3-0.3 0.4-0.2l0.3 0.6z"></path><path class="st1" d="m116.7 25.8c-2-0.8-3.1-2.1-3.6-4-0.4-1.3-0.5-3.3-0.5-7.3v-7.2c0-1-0.2-1.5-1.1-1.5h-1.4c-0.2 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.3v-0.6c0-0.2 0-0.2 0.3-0.2s1.8 0.1 4.1 0.1 3.8-0.1 4.1-0.1c0.2 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2v0.8c0 0.1 0 0.2-0.2 0.2h-1.5c-0.9 0-1.4 0.6-1.4 1.2 0 0.3-0.1 2.4-0.1 3.9v2c0 1.6 0.1 5.4 0.2 6.3 0 1.4 0.3 2.8 1 3.8 1.1 1.6 3 2.2 4.8 2.2 1.7 0 3.4-0.6 4.5-1.6 1.2-1.3 1.6-3.1 1.6-5.3v-6.4c0-2.3-0.1-4-0.1-4.8-0.1-0.8-0.6-1.3-1.3-1.3h-1.3c-0.2 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2v-0.8c0-0.2 0-0.2 0.2-0.2 0.3 0 1.7 0.1 3.7 0.1 2.1 0 3-0.1 3.3-0.1s0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2v0.7c0 0.2 0 0.3-0.2 0.3h-1.2c-1.1 0-1.2 0.8-1.3 1.2-0.1 0.3-0.1 4.5-0.1 5 0 0.4-0.1 5.7-0.1 6.8-0.2 2.5-0.8 4.3-2.5 5.8-1.2 1.1-3 1.8-5.6 1.8-2-0.1-3.5-0.3-4.5-0.7"></path><path class="st1" d="m142.4 24.3c0 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.6h1c0.3 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3v0.5c0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.3-0.2 0-1.1-0.1-2.8-0.1-1.5 0-2.5 0.1-2.7 0.1s-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.3v-0.5c0-0.2 0.1-0.3 0.4-0.3h0.9c0.3 0 0.6-0.2 0.6-0.7 0-0.8 0.1-1.7 0.1-2.5v-4c0-1.2 0-2.1-0.9-2.7-0.7-0.5-1.4-0.5-2.2-0.5-0.5 0-1.5 0.2-2.4 1.2-0.6 0.7-0.7 1.5-0.7 2v6.3c0 0.8 0.1 1 0.7 1h0.7c0.2 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3v0.5c0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.3-0.2 0-1-0.1-2.6-0.1-1.5 0-2.5 0.1-2.7 0.1s-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.3v-0.5c0-0.2 0.1-0.3 0.3-0.3h0.9c0.4 0 0.6-0.1 0.6-0.6v-7c0-0.9-0.5-1.4-1.2-1.8l-0.2-0.1c-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2-0.2-0.3v-0.2c0-0.1 0.1-0.2 0.3-0.3l2.6-1.4c0.2-0.1 0.4-0.2 0.5-0.2s0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4l0.2 1.8h0.1c0.9-1.1 2.6-2.2 4.1-2.2 0.9 0 1.8 0.2 2.5 0.7 0.9 0.6 1.6 2.1 1.6 2.8v7.7z"></path><path class="st1" d="m146.1 8.1c0-0.7 0.6-1.6 1.8-1.6 1 0 1.6 0.8 1.6 1.5 0 0.8-0.5 1.6-1.7 1.6-0.8 0.1-1.7-0.5-1.7-1.5zm1.3 9.1c0-1-0.2-1.6-1.7-1.8-0.2 0-0.3-0.1-0.3-0.2v-0.3c0-0.1 0.1-0.1 0.2-0.2 1-0.4 2.1-0.8 3.2-1.5 0.2-0.1 0.4-0.2 0.6-0.2s0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4c-0.1 0.5-0.1 2.4-0.1 4.9v3.3 2.6c0.1 0.6 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.8h1.4c0.2 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3v0.5c0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.3 0.3s-1.6-0.1-2.9-0.1c-1.7 0-2.9 0.1-3.2 0.1-0.2 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2v-0.6c0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.3-0.2h1.5c0.3 0 0.4-0.1 0.5-0.6v-2.7-4.6z"></path><path class="st1" d="m158.1 23.2c0.6-1.2 2.7-6.3 3-7.5 0.2-0.8 0-1.3-0.5-1.3h-0.6c-0.1 0-0.1-0.2-0.1-0.3v-0.5c0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.2-0.2 0.4 0 1.1 0.1 2.4 0.1 1.2 0 1.9-0.1 2.2-0.1 0.2 0 0.3 0 0.3 0.3v0.5c0 0.2 0 0.3-0.1 0.3h-0.9c-0.4 0-0.7 0.1-0.9 0.3-0.4 0.4-1.9 3.7-2.4 4.8-0.4 0.9-2.6 5.9-2.7 6.1-0.2 0.4-0.4 0.7-0.7 0.7s-0.5-0.3-0.6-0.6c-0.1-0.2-2.2-5.8-2.3-6.1-0.1-0.2-1.3-3.7-1.5-4.1-0.4-0.9-0.7-1.1-1.2-1.1h-0.7c-0.1 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.3v-0.5c0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.3-0.2 0.3 0 0.8 0.1 2.5 0.1 1.6 0 2.4-0.1 2.7-0.1 0.2 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2v0.5c0 0.2 0 0.3-0.2 0.3h-0.6c-0.3 0-0.5 0.2-0.5 0.6 0 0.5 0.8 3 1 3.5 0.1 0.5 1.4 4 1.8 4.6"></path><path class="st1" d="m170.9 17.1c0.6 0 0.8-0.1 0.8-0.4 0-0.7-0.4-2.7-2.3-2.7-1.3 0-2.6 0.9-3.1 3.1h4.6zm-4.7 0.9c-0.1 0.3-0.1 0.7-0.1 1.4 0 2.9 1.9 5.1 4.2 5.1 1.8 0 3.1-1 3.6-2 0.1-0.1 0.2-0.2 0.3-0.1l0.4 0.2c0.1 0 0.1 0.1 0 0.4-0.5 1.2-2.1 3.3-4.8 3.3-1.7 0-3.6-0.5-4.7-2.1-1-1.5-1.3-2.6-1.3-4.7 0-1.2 0.3-3.2 1.9-4.8 1.3-1.3 2.8-1.6 4.3-1.6 3.4 0 4.4 3.2 4.4 4.4 0 0.4-0.4 0.5-0.8 0.5h-7.4z"></path><path class="st1" d="m177.2 18c0-1.5-0.2-1.8-1.1-2.3l-0.6-0.3c-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2v-0.2c0-0.1 0.1-0.2 0.2-0.3l3-1.5c0.2-0.1 0.3-0.1 0.4-0.1 0.2 0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4l0.2 2.1h0.1c0.9-1.4 2.3-2.6 3.6-2.6 1 0 1.5 0.6 1.5 1.3 0 0.9-0.7 1.5-1.3 1.5-0.3 0-0.6-0.1-0.9-0.2-0.2-0.1-0.6-0.2-1-0.2-0.5 0-1.3 0.3-1.8 1.3-0.2 0.3-0.3 0.9-0.3 1v6.3c0 0.9 0.2 1.2 0.8 1.2h1.4c0.2 0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3v0.5c0 0.2 0 0.3-0.2 0.3s-1.6-0.1-3.2-0.1c-1.9 0-3.1 0.1-3.3 0.1-0.1 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.3v-0.5c0-0.2 0.1-0.3 0.3-0.3h1.2c0.5 0 0.7-0.2 0.7-0.6v-3.6-3z"></path><path class="st1" d="m185.3 25.4c-0.1-0.1-0.1-0.3-0.2-0.4l-0.5-2.8c0-0.1 0.1-0.2 0.2-0.2l0.4-0.1c0.1 0 0.2 0 0.3 0.2l0.7 1.5c0.6 1.1 1 1.9 2.6 1.9 1 0 2.4-0.6 2.4-2 0-1.3-0.7-2.1-2.9-2.8-1.8-0.5-3.5-1.4-3.5-3.8 0-2.1 1.9-3.7 4.2-3.7 1.4 0 2.2 0.4 2.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5l0.4 2.1c0 0.1-0.1 0.2-0.2 0.3l-0.4 0.1c-0.1 0-0.2 0-0.3-0.1l-1-1.4c-0.4-0.6-0.9-1.2-2.1-1.2-1.1 0-2.3 0.7-2.3 2 0 1.7 1.4 2.1 2.9 2.5 2.2 0.6 3.6 1.5 3.6 3.8 0 2.4-2 3.9-4.5 3.9-1.6 0-2.8-0.6-3.1-0.9"></path><path class="st1" d="m194.5 8.1c0-0.7 0.6-1.6 1.8-1.6 1 0 1.6 0.8 1.6 1.5 0 0.8-0.5 1.6-1.7 1.6-0.7 0.1-1.7-0.5-1.7-1.5zm1.3 9.1c0-1-0.2-1.6-1.7-1.8-0.2 0-0.3-0.1-0.3-0.2v-0.3c0-0.1 0.1-0.1 0.2-0.2 1-0.4 2.1-0.8 3.2-1.5 0.2-0.1 0.4-0.2 0.6-0.2s0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4c-0.1 0.5-0.1 2.4-0.1 4.9v3.3 2.6c0.1 0.6 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.8h1.4c0.2 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3v0.5c0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.3 0.3s-1.6-0.1-2.9-0.1c-1.7 0-2.9 0.1-3.2 0.1-0.1 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2v-0.6c0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.3-0.2h1.5c0.3 0 0.4-0.1 0.5-0.6v-2.7-4.6z"></path><path class="st1" d="m204 22.2c0 2.2 1 2.6 1.6 2.6 0.7 0 1.6-0.1 2-0.4 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.1 0.4 0.1l0.2 0.3c0.1 0.1 0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.3 0.3-1.5 1.2-3.3 1.2-1.5 0-2.9-1.4-2.9-2.5 0-1.2 0.1-3.9 0.1-4.3v-0.7c0-0.5 0-2.5 0.1-3.8h-1.8c-0.3 0-0.4-0.1-0.4-0.4 0-0.2 0.2-0.3 0.5-0.5 0.7-0.4 3-2.8 3.4-3.8 0.1-0.2 0.2-0.3 0.4-0.3s0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4l-0.2 3h4.2c0.2 0 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3l-0.3 1c0 0.1-0.1 0.2-0.3 0.2h-3.9c-0.1 1.4-0.1 2.8-0.1 4.2v3.1z"></path><path class="st1" d="m209.1 32.5c0-0.6 0.7-1.2 1.4-1.2 0.6 0 1.1 0.3 1.4 0.3 0.2 0 0.4 0 0.6-0.2 0.4-0.5 2-4 2.4-5.1-0.1-0.7-3.3-10.1-3.6-10.7-0.4-0.7-0.6-1.3-1.4-1.3h-0.8c-0.2 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.3v-0.6c0-0.1 0-0.2 0.2-0.2 0.3 0 1 0.1 2.8 0.1 1.5 0 2.5-0.1 2.8-0.1 0.2 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2v0.6c0 0.1 0 0.2-0.2 0.2h-0.6c-0.3 0-0.4 0.2-0.4 0.7 0.1 0.7 2.1 7.2 2.5 7.9h0.1c0.3-0.5 2.9-6.7 3.1-7.4s-0.1-1.1-0.5-1.1h-0.5c-0.2 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2v-0.6c0-0.1 0-0.2 0.2-0.2 0.4 0 1 0.1 2.5 0.1 0.8 0 1.5-0.1 1.8-0.1 0.2 0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2v0.6c0 0.2 0 0.3-0.1 0.3h-0.5c-0.3 0-0.7 0.2-1 0.5-0.7 0.8-2.6 5.4-4.7 10.1-1.5 3.3-2.6 6.1-3.2 7.1-0.4 0.8-1 1.9-2.5 1.9-1.3 0.1-1.9-0.6-1.9-1.5"></path><path class="st1" d="m237.7 19.4c0-3.3-2.4-5.4-4-5.4-0.8 0-1.6 0.2-2.3 1-1.2 1.2-1.6 2.4-1.6 4.7 0 1.7 0.2 2.8 1.1 4.2 0.7 1 1.6 1.6 3 1.6 2.3-0.1 3.8-2.9 3.8-6.1m-8.7 4.8c-1.4-1.6-1.6-2.8-1.6-4.9 0-1.5 0.8-3.4 2.6-4.8 1.6-1.2 3-1.4 4-1.4 1.6 0 3.3 0.8 4.2 1.7 1.3 1.4 2 2.9 2 4.9 0 3.3-2.9 6.6-6.6 6.6-1.5 0-3.3-0.6-4.6-2.1"></path><path class="st1" d="m243.2 14.9h-2.1c-0.1 0-0.2-0.1-0.1-0.3l0.1-0.9c0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.4-0.2h1.7v-0.6c0-3 0.8-4.9 2-6.2 1.6-1.7 3.2-2.4 4.9-2.4 1.4 0 2.7 0.5 2.7 1.7 0 0.7-0.8 1.3-1.3 1.3-0.3 0-0.6-0.1-0.8-0.2-0.3-0.2-0.6-0.5-0.7-0.7-0.4-0.5-0.8-0.7-1.4-0.7-0.8 0-1.6 0.2-2.2 1-1.1 1.4-1 4-1 6.1v0.6h3.6c0.2 0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3l-0.2 1c0 0.1-0.1 0.1-0.4 0.1h-3.3v2.7 6.6c0.1 0.5 0.1 0.8 0.8 0.8h1.7c0.3 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2v0.5c0 0.2-0.1 0.4-0.2 0.4-0.2 0-1.3-0.1-3.6-0.1-1.6 0-3.2 0.1-3.4 0.1s-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2v-0.7c0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.3-0.2h1.4c0.6 0 0.7-0.4 0.7-1v-9z"></path><path class="st1" d="m56 52.9c-0.4-0.3-0.5-0.4-0.7-0.4s-0.3 0.2-0.5 0.5-0.3 0.4-0.5 0.4-0.3-0.2-0.3-0.5c0.1-0.7 0.4-4.5 0.5-5.4 0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.2-0.2h0.4c0.1 0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0 1 0.1 1.9 1.1 3.5 0.9 1.4 2.5 2.2 4.2 2.2 1.8 0 4.1-1.1 4.1-3.8 0-3.1-2.2-4.2-4.6-5.1-0.9-0.3-3.1-1.1-4.4-2.4-1-1-1.5-2.4-1.5-4.4 0-1.5 0.9-3 1.9-3.8 1.1-1 2.6-1.4 4.2-1.4 1.7 0 3 0.5 3.5 0.7 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.6 0l0.4-0.4c0.2-0.1 0.2-0.2 0.4-0.2 0.1 0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.5 0 1 0.4 4.1 0.4 4.8 0 0.1 0 0.2-0.1 0.2l-0.4 0.1c-0.1 0-0.1 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.9-0.6-2-1.9-3.3-0.8-0.9-1.9-1.3-3.3-1.3-2.7 0-3.6 2-3.6 3.5 0 0.8 0.2 1.8 0.9 2.6 0.9 0.9 2.5 1.5 3.4 1.8 2.1 0.7 3.7 1.2 4.8 2.5 0.8 0.9 1.3 2.1 1.3 4.1 0 3.5-2.2 6.6-6.1 6.6-2 0.1-3.5-0.6-4.6-1.5"></path><path class="st1" d="m78.4 47.5c0-3.3-2.4-5.4-4-5.4-0.8 0-1.6 0.2-2.3 1-1.2 1.2-1.6 2.4-1.6 4.7 0 1.7 0.2 2.8 1.1 4.2 0.7 1 1.6 1.6 3 1.6 2.3-0.1 3.8-2.9 3.8-6.1m-8.7 4.8c-1.4-1.6-1.6-2.7-1.6-4.9 0-1.5 0.8-3.4 2.6-4.8 1.6-1.2 3-1.4 4-1.4 1.6 0 3.3 0.8 4.2 1.7 1.3 1.4 2 2.9 2 4.9 0 3.3-2.9 6.6-6.6 6.6-1.5 0-3.3-0.6-4.6-2.1"></path><path class="st1" d="m93.3 47.9c0 1.4 0 2.9 0.1 3.5 0.1 0.9 0.4 1 0.8 1 0.2 0 0.6 0 1-0.1 0.2-0.1 0.3 0 0.4 0.1l0.1 0.4c0 0.2 0 0.2-0.1 0.3l-3.1 1c-0.2 0.1-0.4 0.1-0.6 0.1-0.1 0-0.2-0.1-0.3-0.4l-0.2-1.7h-0.1c-0.8 1.2-2.6 2.1-4.1 2.1-0.8 0-1.8-0.1-2.8-1.4-1.4-1.4-1.4-2.4-1.4-5.7v-3.5c0-0.8-0.4-1-1.1-1.1-0.5 0-0.7-0.1-0.7-0.2v-0.5c0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.3-0.2h2.7c0.2 0 0.3 0 0.4-0.1h0.3c0.2 0 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.4 0 0.3-0.1 1.7-0.1 3.4v2.1c0 1.2-0.3 3.1 0.7 4.5 0.7 1.1 1.6 1.1 2.4 1.1s2-0.8 2.6-1.5c0.1-0.2 0.3-0.5 0.3-0.8v-7.1c-0.1-0.8-0.5-1-1.3-1-0.5 0-0.7-0.1-0.7-0.2v-0.5c0-0.2 0.1-0.3 0.4-0.3h2.8c0.2 0 0.4 0 0.5-0.1h0.4c0.2 0 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0 0.3-0.2 1-0.2 4v2.1z"></path><path class="st1" d="m99.8 50.3c0 2.2 1 2.6 1.6 2.6 0.7 0 1.6-0.1 2-0.4 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.1 0.4 0.1l0.2 0.3c0.1 0.1 0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.3 0.3-1.5 1.2-3.3 1.2-1.5 0-2.9-1.4-2.9-2.5 0-1.2 0.1-3.9 0.1-4.3v-0.7c0-0.5 0-2.5 0.1-3.8h-1.8c-0.3 0-0.4-0.1-0.4-0.4 0-0.2 0.2-0.3 0.5-0.5 0.7-0.4 3-2.8 3.4-3.8 0.1-0.2 0.2-0.3 0.4-0.3s0.3 0.2 0.3 0.4l-0.1 3h4.2c0.2 0 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3l-0.3 1c0 0.1-0.1 0.2-0.3 0.2h-3.9c-0.1 1.4-0.1 2.8-0.1 4.2v3.1z"></path><path class="st1" d="m106.7 37.7c0-1.8-0.4-2.2-1.4-2.5l-0.5-0.2c-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2v-0.3c0-0.1 0.1-0.1 0.4-0.3l3.1-1.6c0.2-0.1 0.5-0.2 0.7-0.2s0.3 0.2 0.2 0.7-0.1 6.6-0.1 8.1v1.9h0.1c1-1.3 2.8-1.9 4.1-1.9s2.1 0.4 3 1.2c1.3 1.3 1.3 2.8 1.3 4.4v1.7c0 1.7 0.1 3.5 0.1 4.1 0 0.4 0.5 0.4 1.1 0.4h0.5c0.2 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3v0.4c0 0.2-0.1 0.4-0.2 0.4-0.2 0-1.2-0.1-2.9-0.1-1.5 0-2.5 0.1-2.8 0.1-0.2 0-0.3-0.1-0.3-0.3v-0.5c0-0.2 0-0.2 0.2-0.2h0.7c0.5 0 1.1-0.1 1.1-0.6v-3-2.4c0-1.7-0.1-2.9-1-3.7-0.6-0.6-1.2-0.8-2-0.8-0.9 0-1.9 0.3-2.8 1.3-0.3 0.3-0.6 0.9-0.6 1.5v6.5c0 1 0.1 1.2 0.7 1.2h0.9c0.2 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2v0.5c0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.3-0.2 0-1.5-0.1-2.8-0.1-1.5 0-2.6 0.1-2.9 0.1-0.1 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.3v-0.5c0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.4-0.2h0.6c0.5 0 0.9-0.1 1-0.5 0.1-0.6 0.1-3.9 0.1-5.8v-9.1z"></path><path class="st1" d="m126.7 45.2c0.6 0 0.8-0.2 0.8-0.4 0-0.7-0.4-2.7-2.3-2.7-1.3 0-2.6 0.9-3.1 3.1h4.6zm-4.8 0.9c-0.1 0.3-0.1 0.7-0.1 1.4 0 2.9 1.9 5.1 4.3 5.1 1.8 0 3.1-1 3.6-2 0.1-0.1 0.2-0.2 0.3-0.1l0.4 0.2c0.1 0 0.1 0.1 0 0.4-0.5 1.2-2.1 3.3-4.8 3.3-1.7 0-3.6-0.5-4.7-2.1-1-1.5-1.3-2.6-1.3-4.7 0-1.2 0.3-3.2 1.9-4.8 1.3-1.3 2.8-1.6 4.3-1.6 3.4 0 4.4 3.2 4.4 4.4 0 0.4-0.4 0.5-0.8 0.5h-7.5z"></path><path class="st1" d="m133.2 46.1c0-1.5-0.2-1.8-1.1-2.3l-0.6-0.3c-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2v-0.2c0-0.1 0.1-0.2 0.2-0.3l3-1.5c0.2-0.1 0.3-0.1 0.4-0.1 0.2 0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4l0.1 2.1h0.1c0.9-1.4 2.3-2.6 3.6-2.6 1 0 1.5 0.6 1.5 1.3 0 0.9-0.7 1.5-1.3 1.5-0.3 0-0.6-0.1-0.9-0.2-0.2-0.1-0.6-0.2-1-0.2-0.5 0-1.3 0.3-1.8 1.3-0.2 0.3-0.3 0.9-0.3 1v6.3c0 0.9 0.2 1.2 0.8 1.2h1.4c0.2 0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3v0.5c0 0.2 0 0.3-0.1 0.3-0.2 0-1.6-0.1-3.2-0.1-1.9 0-3.1 0.1-3.3 0.1-0.1 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.3v-0.5c0-0.2 0.1-0.3 0.3-0.3h1.2c0.4 0 0.7-0.2 0.7-0.6v-3.6-3z"></path><path class="st1" d="m153.3 52.4c0 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.6h1c0.3 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3v0.5c0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.3-0.2 0-1.1-0.1-2.8-0.1-1.5 0-2.5 0.1-2.7 0.1s-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.3v-0.5c0-0.2 0.1-0.3 0.4-0.3h0.9c0.3 0 0.6-0.1 0.6-0.7 0-0.8 0.1-1.7 0.1-2.5v-4c0-1.2 0-2.1-0.9-2.7-0.7-0.5-1.4-0.5-2.2-0.5-0.5 0-1.5 0.2-2.4 1.2-0.6 0.7-0.7 1.5-0.7 2v6.2c0 0.8 0.1 1 0.7 1h0.7c0.2 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3v0.5c0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.3-0.2 0-1-0.1-2.6-0.1-1.5 0-2.5 0.1-2.7 0.1-0.1 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.3v-0.5c0-0.2 0.1-0.3 0.3-0.3h0.9c0.4 0 0.6-0.1 0.6-0.6v-7c0-0.9-0.5-1.4-1.2-1.8l-0.2-0.1c-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2-0.2-0.3v-0.1c0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.3-0.3l2.6-1.4c0.2-0.1 0.4-0.2 0.5-0.2s0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4l0.2 1.8h0.1c0.9-1.1 2.6-2.2 4.1-2.2 0.9 0 1.8 0.2 2.5 0.7 0.9 0.6 1.6 2.1 1.6 2.8v7.7z"></path><path class="st1" d="m164.8 51.7c-2.2-2-3.2-5.5-3.2-8.4 0-2.8 0.9-5.7 3.1-7.9 1.5-1.6 4.2-3 7.5-3 2.7 0 5 1 6 1.6 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.2 0.6 0l0.2-0.9c0.1-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.4-0.2s0.3 0.1 0.3 0.5c0 0.6 0.6 5 0.7 5.8 0 0.2 0 0.3-0.1 0.3l-0.4 0.1c-0.1 0-0.2 0-0.3-0.2-0.4-1-1.1-2.4-2.3-3.7-1.3-1.3-2.8-2.3-5.2-2.3-5.4 0-7.5 4.8-7.5 9.1 0 1.7 0.5 5.1 2.9 7.7 2 2.3 3.7 2.5 5.7 2.5 3.4 0 6-1.9 7.4-3.8 0.1-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.2-0.1l0.4 0.3c0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3-1.8 2.6-4.7 5-8.9 5-3.6 0.1-5.8-1-7.6-2.7"></path><path class="st1" d="m188.7 47.4c-1.1 0.8-4 1.4-4 3.9 0 1.1 0.7 1.6 1.6 1.6s2.5-1 2.5-1.9v-3.6zm2.2 3.1c0 1.7 0.4 2.2 0.9 2.2s0.9-0.2 1-0.4 0.2-0.2 0.3-0.1l0.3 0.2c0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0 0.5-0.2 0.5-0.8 1.5-2.3 1.5-1.1 0-1.9-0.8-2.1-2h-0.1c-0.6 0.7-1.6 1.4-3 1.8-0.6 0.2-1.1 0.2-1.8 0.2s-1.8-0.6-1.8-2.5c0-1.4 0.6-2.6 3-3.6 1.3-0.6 2.9-1.3 3.4-1.7v-1.9c-0.1-0.5-0.1-1.3-0.4-1.7s-0.9-0.7-1.8-0.7c-0.6 0-1.5 0.2-1.9 0.6s-0.2 0.8-0.2 1.4c0 1-0.4 1.7-1.6 1.7-0.5 0-0.7-0.3-0.7-1 0-1 0.8-2.1 2.1-2.8s2.3-1 3.7-1 2 0.4 2.4 0.8c0.6 0.6 0.7 1.3 0.7 2.1v6.4z"></path><path class="st1" d="m198.5 45.1v7c0 0.5 0.1 0.9 0.8 0.9h1.3c0.3 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3v0.5c0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.3-0.2 0-1.5-0.1-3.4-0.1s-3.1 0.1-3.4 0.1c-0.1 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.3v-0.5c0-0.2 0.1-0.3 0.4-0.3h1.4c0.3 0 0.6-0.2 0.7-0.7v-7.8-1.9c0-2.1 0-4.8-0.1-5.6-0.1-1-0.5-1.5-1.5-1.8l-0.6-0.2c-0.1-0.1-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.1v-0.2c0-0.1 0.1-0.1 0.3-0.2 1-0.5 2.4-1 3.5-1.7 0.3-0.2 0.4-0.2 0.6-0.2s0.3 0.2 0.2 0.5c0 1.6-0.1 7.9-0.1 9.5v2.5z"></path><path class="st1" d="m202.6 36.2c0-0.7 0.6-1.6 1.8-1.6 1 0 1.6 0.8 1.6 1.5 0 0.8-0.5 1.6-1.7 1.6-0.8 0-1.7-0.6-1.7-1.5zm1.3 9.1c0-1-0.2-1.6-1.7-1.8-0.2 0-0.3-0.1-0.3-0.2v-0.3c0-0.1 0.1-0.1 0.2-0.2 1-0.4 2.1-0.8 3.2-1.5 0.2-0.1 0.4-0.2 0.6-0.2s0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4c-0.1 0.5-0.1 2.4-0.1 4.9v3.3 2.6c0.1 0.6 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.8h1.4c0.2 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3v0.5c0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.3 0.3s-1.6-0.1-2.9-0.1c-1.7 0-2.9 0.1-3.2 0.1-0.1 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2v-0.6c0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.3-0.2h1.5c0.3 0 0.4-0.1 0.5-0.6v-2.7-4.6z"></path><path class="st1" d="m211.5 43h-2.1c-0.1 0-0.2-0.1-0.1-0.3l0.1-0.9c0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.4-0.2h1.7v-0.6c0-3 0.8-4.9 2-6.2 1.6-1.7 3.2-2.4 4.9-2.4 1.4 0 2.7 0.5 2.7 1.7 0 0.7-0.8 1.3-1.3 1.3-0.3 0-0.6-0.1-0.8-0.2-0.3-0.1-0.6-0.5-0.7-0.7-0.4-0.5-0.8-0.7-1.4-0.7-0.8 0-1.6 0.2-2.2 1-1.1 1.4-1 4-1 6.1v0.6h3.6c0.2 0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3l-0.1 1c0 0.1-0.2 0.1-0.4 0.1h-3.3v2.7 6.6c0.1 0.5 0.2 0.8 0.8 0.8h1.7c0.3 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2v0.5c0 0.2-0.1 0.4-0.2 0.4-0.2 0-1.3-0.1-3.6-0.1-1.6 0-3.2 0.1-3.4 0.1s-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2v-0.7c0-0.1 0.1-0.2 0.3-0.2h1.4c0.6 0 0.7-0.4 0.7-1v-9z"></path><path class="st1" d="m227.2 47.5c0-3.3-2.4-5.4-3.9-5.4-0.8 0-1.6 0.2-2.3 1-1.2 1.2-1.6 2.4-1.6 4.7 0 1.7 0.2 2.8 1.1 4.2 0.7 1 1.6 1.6 3 1.6 2.2-0.1 3.7-2.9 3.7-6.1m-8.6 4.8c-1.4-1.6-1.6-2.7-1.6-4.9 0-1.5 0.8-3.4 2.6-4.8 1.6-1.2 3-1.4 4-1.4 1.6 0 3.3 0.8 4.2 1.7 1.3 1.4 2 2.9 2 4.9 0 3.3-2.9 6.6-6.6 6.6-1.5 0-3.4-0.6-4.6-2.1"></path><path class="st1" d="m232.1 46.1c0-1.5-0.2-1.8-1.1-2.3l-0.6-0.3c-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2v-0.2c0-0.1 0.1-0.2 0.2-0.3l3-1.5c0.2-0.1 0.3-0.1 0.4-0.1 0.2 0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4l0.2 2.1h0.1c0.9-1.4 2.3-2.6 3.6-2.6 1 0 1.5 0.6 1.5 1.3 0 0.9-0.7 1.5-1.3 1.5-0.3 0-0.6-0.1-0.9-0.2-0.2-0.1-0.6-0.2-1-0.2-0.5 0-1.3 0.3-1.8 1.3-0.2 0.3-0.3 0.9-0.3 1v6.3c0 0.9 0.2 1.2 0.8 1.2h1.4c0.2 0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3v0.5c0 0.2 0 0.3-0.1 0.3-0.2 0-1.6-0.1-3.2-0.1-1.9 0-3.1 0.1-3.3 0.1-0.1 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.3v-0.5c0-0.2 0.1-0.3 0.3-0.3h1.2c0.4 0 0.7-0.2 0.7-0.6v-3.6-3z"></path><path class="st1" d="m252.2 52.4c0 0.5 0.3 0.6 0.7 0.6h1c0.3 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3v0.5c0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.3-0.2 0-1.1-0.1-2.8-0.1-1.5 0-2.5 0.1-2.7 0.1s-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.3v-0.5c0-0.2 0.1-0.3 0.4-0.3h0.9c0.3 0 0.6-0.1 0.6-0.7 0-0.8 0.1-1.7 0.1-2.5v-4c0-1.2 0-2.1-0.9-2.7-0.7-0.5-1.4-0.5-2.2-0.5-0.5 0-1.5 0.2-2.4 1.2-0.6 0.7-0.7 1.5-0.7 2v6.2c0 0.8 0.1 1 0.7 1h0.7c0.2 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3v0.5c0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.3-0.2 0-1-0.1-2.6-0.1-1.5 0-2.5 0.1-2.7 0.1-0.1 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.3v-0.5c0-0.2 0.1-0.3 0.3-0.3h0.9c0.4 0 0.6-0.1 0.6-0.6v-7c0-0.9-0.5-1.4-1.2-1.8l-0.2-0.1c-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2-0.2-0.3v-0.1c0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.3-0.3l2.6-1.4c0.2-0.1 0.4-0.2 0.5-0.2s0.2 0.1 0.2 0.4l0.2 1.8h0.1c0.9-1.1 2.6-2.2 4.1-2.2 0.9 0 1.8 0.2 2.5 0.7 0.9 0.6 1.6 2.1 1.6 2.8v7.7z"></path><path class="st1" d="m255.8 36.2c0-0.7 0.6-1.6 1.8-1.6 1 0 1.6 0.8 1.6 1.5 0 0.8-0.5 1.6-1.7 1.6-0.7 0-1.7-0.6-1.7-1.5zm1.4 9.1c0-1-0.2-1.6-1.7-1.8-0.2 0-0.3-0.1-0.3-0.2v-0.3c0-0.1 0.1-0.1 0.2-0.2 1-0.4 2.1-0.8 3.2-1.5 0.2-0.1 0.4-0.2 0.6-0.2 0.1 0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4-0.1 0.5-0.1 2.4-0.1 4.9v3.3 2.6c0.1 0.6 0.1 0.8 0.5 0.8h1.4c0.2 0 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3v0.5c0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.3 0.3s-1.6-0.1-2.9-0.1c-1.7 0-2.9 0.1-3.2 0.1-0.1 0-0.2-0.1-0.2-0.2v-0.6c0-0.2 0.1-0.2 0.3-0.2h1.5c0.3 0 0.5-0.1 0.5-0.6v-2.7-4.6z"></path><path class="st1" d="m268.8 47.4c-1.1 0.8-4 1.4-4 3.9 0 1.1 0.7 1.6 1.6 1.6s2.5-1 2.5-1.9v-3.6zm2.2 3.1c0 1.7 0.4 2.2 0.9 2.2s0.9-0.2 1.1-0.4c0.1-0.2 0.2-0.2 0.3-0.1l0.3 0.2c0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0 0.5-0.2 0.5-0.8 1.5-2.3 1.5-1.1 0-1.9-0.8-2.1-2h-0.1c-0.6 0.7-1.6 1.4-3 1.8-0.6 0.2-1.1 0.2-1.8 0.2s-1.8-0.6-1.8-2.5c0-1.4 0.6-2.6 3-3.6 1.3-0.6 2.9-1.3 3.4-1.7v-1.9c-0.1-0.5-0.1-1.3-0.4-1.7s-0.9-0.7-1.8-0.7c-0.6 0-1.5 0.2-1.9 0.6s-0.2 0.8-0.2 1.4c0 1-0.4 1.7-1.6 1.7-0.5 0-0.7-0.3-0.7-1 0-1 0.8-2.1 2.1-2.8s2.3-1 3.7-1 2 0.4 2.4 0.8c0.6 0.6 0.7 1.3 0.7 2.1v6.4z"></path><defs><filter id="b" x="0" y="0" width="45.8" height="59.1" filterUnits="userSpaceOnUse"><feColorMatrix values="1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0"></feColorMatrix></filter></defs><mask id="a" x="0" y="0" width="45.8" height="59.1" maskUnits="userSpaceOnUse"><g class="st2"><polygon class="st3" points="0 0 45.8 0 45.8 59.1 0 59.1"></polygon></g></mask><path class="st4" d="m45.8 12.9-0.1-1.4c-0.1-1.3-0.2-2.6-0.5-4l-0.2-0.9-0.3-1.5-0.1-0.4-0.4 0.1s-0.7 0.2-1.8 0.4l-2.7 0.3c-0.5 0-1.1 0.1-1.7 0.1-1.6 0-3.1-0.1-4.6-0.4l-0.8-0.2h-0.1s-0.8-0.2-1.9-0.6l-1.3-0.5c-1.3-0.5-2.7-1.2-4.2-2.2l-1.2-0.9c-0.2-0.2-0.5-0.4-0.7-0.6l-0.3-0.2-0.3 0.3s-0.2 0.2-0.7 0.5l-1.3 0.9c-1 0.7-2.5 1.5-4.3 2.2l-1.3 0.5c-0.6 0.2-1.2 0.4-1.9 0.6l-1.1 0.2c-1.2 0.3-2.5 0.4-4 0.4-0.7 0-1.4 0-2-0.1l-2.8-0.3c-1-0.2-1.7-0.3-1.7-0.3l-0.4-0.1-0.1 0.4c-0.1 0.4-0.2 0.8-0.2 1.2l-0.2 1.2c-0.2 1.3-0.4 2.6-0.4 3.9l-0.2 1.4v2 1.3c0.1 3.8 0.5 6.4 0.6 6.6 0 0.3 0.8 6.4 3.9 13.8 2.8 6.9 8.3 16.3 18.1 22.3l0.4 0.3 0.4-0.3c9.8-6 15.2-15.4 18-22.3 3-7.4 3.8-13.4 3.8-13.8 0-0.2 0.5-2.8 0.5-6.5v-1.3c0.1-0.8 0.1-1.4 0.1-2.1zm-5 8.4c-0.9 0-2.3 0.2-3.2 0.4l-0.7 0.3c-0.6 0.2-1.2 0.3-1.8 0.5l0.1 0.4-0.1-0.4c-1.4 0.3-2.4 0.5-3.1 0.5-1.3 0-3.3-0.2-5.6-1-0.6-0.2-1.4-0.5-2.2-0.6s-1.5-0.2-2.3-0.1c-0.9 0.1-1.8 0.4-2.5 0.7-2.3 0.8-4.3 1-5.6 1-1.1 0-2.7-0.4-4-0.8l-0.1 0.4 0.1-0.4-1.6-0.4c-0.8-0.3-2.2-0.4-3.2-0.4-1.3 0-2.5 0.3-3.7 0.9 0-0.2-0.1-0.5-0.1-0.9 1.2-0.6 2.5-1 3.8-1 0.9 0 2.2 0.2 2.9 0.4l1.6 0.5 0.1-0.4-0.1 0.4c1.5 0.4 3.1 0.8 4.3 0.8 1.4 0 3.5-0.2 5.9-1 0.7-0.2 1.5-0.5 2.4-0.6l0.8-0.1 1.2 0.1c0.7 0.1 1.5 0.4 2 0.6 2.4 0.8 4.5 1 5.9 1 0.8 0 1.9-0.2 3.4-0.6 0.6-0.2 1.3-0.4 1.9-0.5l0.6-0.2c0.7-0.2 2.1-0.4 3-0.4 1.4 0 2.7 0.3 3.9 1 0 0.4-0.1 0.6-0.1 0.8-1.3-0.6-2.6-0.9-3.9-0.9zm-40-5.1 13.5 1c-0.3 0.7-0.5 1.5-0.6 2.3-1.1 0-2.5-0.4-3.8-0.8l-1.6-0.5c-0.8-0.2-2.2-0.4-3.1-0.4-1.4 0-2.9 0.4-4.2 1-0.1-0.7-0.2-1.6-0.2-2.6zm22.2 1.7c-0.3 0-0.6 0-0.9 0.1-0.9 0.1-1.8 0.4-2.5 0.7-2 0.7-3.7 0.9-5 1 0.6-4.2 4.1-7.3 8.4-7.3 4.2 0 7.8 3.2 8.4 7.3-1.3-0.1-3-0.3-4.9-0.9-0.6-0.2-1.3-0.5-2.2-0.6-0.5-0.3-0.9-0.3-1.3-0.3zm17.8 1.7c-0.9 0-2.3 0.2-3.2 0.4l-0.6 0.2c-0.6 0.2-1.2 0.4-1.9 0.5l0.1 0.4-0.1-0.4c-0.9 0.2-2.2 0.6-3.2 0.6-1.3 0-3.3-0.2-5.6-1-0.6-0.2-1.3-0.4-2.2-0.6-0.5-0.1-0.9-0.1-1.3-0.1-0.3 0-0.6 0-0.9 0.1-0.9 0.1-1.8 0.4-2.5 0.7-2.3 0.8-4.3 1-5.6 1-1.1 0-2.7-0.4-4-0.8l-1.6-0.5c-0.8-0.3-2.2-0.5-3.2-0.5-1.4 0-2.7 0.3-3.9 1 0-0.3-0.1-0.6-0.1-0.9 1.2-0.6 2.7-1 4.1-1 0.9 0 2.2 0.2 2.9 0.4l1.6 0.5 0.1-0.4-0.1 0.4c1.5 0.4 3.1 0.8 4.3 0.8 1.4 0 3.5-0.2 5.9-1 0.7-0.2 1.5-0.5 2.4-0.6l0.8-0.1 1.2 0.1c0.7 0.1 1.5 0.4 2 0.6 2.4 0.8 4.5 1 5.8 1 0.8 0 1.9-0.2 3.4-0.6 0.6-0.2 1.3-0.4 1.9-0.5l0.6-0.2c0.7-0.2 2.1-0.4 3-0.4 1.4 0 2.8 0.4 4 1 0 0.3-0.1 0.6-0.1 0.9-1.3-0.7-2.6-1-4-1zm0.1-1.7c-0.9 0-2.3 0.2-3.2 0.4l-0.7 0.2c-0.6 0.2-1.2 0.4-1.8 0.5-0.8 0.2-2.1 0.5-3 0.5-0.1-0.8-0.3-1.6-0.6-2.3l13.5-1c0 0.9-0.1 1.8-0.1 2.6-1.3-0.6-2.8-0.9-4.1-0.9zm4.1-3-13.7 1.8-0.3-0.6 14-3.1v1.9zm-0.5-7c0.2 1.3 0.3 2.6 0.4 3.9l-14.2 4c-0.2-0.4-0.5-0.7-0.8-1.1l14.6-6.8zm-3.6-1.7c1.5-0.2 2.6-0.4 3.2-0.5 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.8l-14.6 7.8c-0.1-0.2-0.3-0.3-0.5-0.4l11.8-7.7zm-7.4-0.2c1.5 0.3 3 0.4 4.6 0.4h0.5l-9.8 7.2c-0.4-0.3-0.8-0.6-1.3-0.9l6-6.7zm-3.3-0.9c0.8 0.3 1.5 0.5 1.8 0.6l-5 6.7c-0.3-0.1-0.5-0.2-0.8-0.3l4-7zm-5.2-2.5c1.4 0.9 2.8 1.6 4 2.1l-3.3 7.2c-0.6-0.2-1.2-0.3-1.9-0.4l1.2-8.9zm-2.1-1.5c0.3 0.2 0.6 0.5 0.9 0.7l-0.5 9.7h-0.3-0.3l-0.7-9.7c0.4-0.3 0.7-0.6 0.9-0.7zm-2.1 1.5 1.2 8.9c-0.7 0.1-1.3 0.2-1.9 0.4l-3.3-7.2c1.6-0.7 3-1.5 4-2.1zm-5.2 2.5 4 6.9c-0.3 0.1-0.5 0.2-0.8 0.3l-5-6.7c0.6-0.1 1.2-0.3 1.8-0.5zm-7.6 1.3c1.5 0 2.9-0.1 4.3-0.4l6 6.7c-0.4 0.3-0.9 0.6-1.3 0.9l-9.9-7.2h0.9zm-6.3-0.7c0.6 0.1 1.7 0.3 3.1 0.5l11.8 7.6c-0.2 0.1-0.3 0.3-0.5 0.5l-14.5-7.8c0-0.3 0.1-0.5 0.1-0.8zm-0.4 2.2 14.5 6.7c-0.3 0.3-0.5 0.7-0.8 1l-14.2-4c0.2-1.1 0.3-2.4 0.5-3.7zm-0.5 5.1 14 3.1c-0.1 0.2-0.2 0.4-0.3 0.7l-13.7-1.9v-1.9zm39.9 23.2c-2.8 6.8-8.1 16.1-17.7 21.9-9.7-5.8-15-15.1-17.8-21.9-2.6-6.2-3.5-11.5-3.8-13.1 1.1-0.6 2.3-1 3.6-1 0.9 0 2.2 0.2 2.9 0.4l1.6 0.4c1.4 0.4 3 0.8 4.2 0.8 1.4 0 3.5-0.2 5.9-1 0.7-0.2 1.5-0.5 2.4-0.6l0.8-0.1 1.2 0.1c0.7 0.1 1.4 0.3 2 0.6 2.4 0.8 4.5 1 5.9 1 0.8 0 1.9-0.2 3.4-0.6 0.6-0.2 1.2-0.3 1.8-0.5l0.7-0.2c0.7-0.2 2.1-0.4 3-0.4 1.3 0 2.5 0.3 3.6 0.9-0.2 1.7-1.1 7-3.7 13.3z"></path><path class="st1" d="m34.6 30.5c0.5-0.3 1.1-1 0.8-2 0 0-0.7-1.3-0.4-2.4l0.1-0.4h-0.4c-0.1 0-0.6 0.1-1.1 0.7-0.6-0.9-1.5-1.5-1.6-1.5l-0.9-0.5 0.6 0.9c0.1 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.3 1-0.1 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.5-0.6-0.6-1.5-0.9-1.6-0.9l-0.5-0.1 0.2 0.5c0.3 0.6 0.1 1.1-0.2 1.5-0.2 0.4-0.4 0.8-0.4 1.3 0 0.7 0.3 1.1 0.6 1.3-0.2 0.2-0.4 0.5-0.4 0.8 0 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.6 1 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.9 0.6 1.1l0.3 7.4c-0.4 0.1-0.8 0.5-0.8 1s0.4 0.9 0.9 1l0.1 3.1c0 0.5 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.9s0.9-0.4 0.9-0.9l0.1-3.1c0.5-0.1 0.9-0.5 0.9-1s-0.4-0.9-0.8-1l0.3-7.4c0.1 0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.2-0.2 0.3-0.5 0.4-1 0.1 0 0.2-0.1 0.2-0.2 0.2-0.2 0.3-0.5 0.3-0.8 0.3-0.1 0.1-0.4-0.1-0.6zm-0.6-3.5c0.2-0.3 0.4-0.4 0.6-0.5-0.1 1.1 0.5 2.2 0.5 2.2 0.3 1-0.7 1.4-0.9 1.5h-0.3-0.5c0.4-0.5 0.8-1.2 0.8-2.2-0.1-0.4-0.2-1-0.2-1zm-1.5-0.5c0.1-0.2 0.1-0.4 0-0.6 0.5 0.5 1.1 1.2 1.1 2 0 1.1-0.7 1.9-1 2.2h-0.2c-0.2-0.3-0.6-1-0.2-1.7 0.1-0.1 0.5-0.8 0.5-0.9 0.1-0.1 0.1-0.3 0.1-0.3l-0.2 0.2c-0.1 0.1-0.5 0.5-0.6 0.7-0.7 0.8-0.2 1.7 0 1.9h-0.6c-1-1.3 0.1-2.3 0.1-2.4 0.1-0.1 0.1-0.2 0.2-0.2 0.4-0.1 0.7-0.4 0.8-0.9zm-2.6 2.6c0-0.4 0.2-0.7 0.3-1.1 0.2-0.4 0.4-0.9 0.3-1.5 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.3 1 0.6-0.1 0.1-0.1 0.2-0.2 0.2 0 0-1.2 1.2-0.4 2.7h-0.2-0.3c0 0.2-0.5-0.1-0.5-0.9zm2.4 17.1c-0.2 0-0.4-0.2-0.4-0.4l-0.1-3h1l-0.1 3c0 0.2-0.2 0.4-0.4 0.4zm1.5-4.5c0 0.3-0.2 0.5-0.5 0.5h-1.8v0.2-0.2c-0.3 0-0.5-0.2-0.5-0.5s0.2-0.5 0.5-0.5h1 0.8c0.2 0 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.5zm-0.9-1h-1.2l-0.3-7.2h1.9l-0.4 7.2zm0.8-7.8c-0.1 0.1-0.3 0.2-0.5 0.2h-1.9c-0.3 0-0.5-0.2-0.6-0.6h3.1c0.1 0.1 0 0.3-0.1 0.4zm0.6-1.1c-0.1 0.1-0.3 0.2-0.5 0.2h-3.1c-0.4 0-0.6-0.3-0.7-0.6 0-0.4 0.3-0.7 0.6-0.7h0.5 0.9 1.9c0.4 0 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.6 0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.5z"></path><path class="st1" d="m15.6 30.5c0.5-0.3 1.1-1 0.8-2 0 0-0.7-1.3-0.4-2.4l0.1-0.4h-0.4c-0.1 0-0.6 0.1-1.1 0.7-0.6-0.9-1.5-1.5-1.6-1.5l-0.9-0.5 0.6 0.9c0.1 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.3 1-0.1 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.5-0.6-0.6-1.5-0.9-1.6-0.9l-0.5-0.1 0.2 0.5c0.3 0.6 0.1 1.1-0.2 1.5-0.2 0.4-0.4 0.8-0.4 1.3 0 0.7 0.4 1.1 0.7 1.3-0.2 0.2-0.3 0.5-0.3 0.8 0 0.4 0.2 0.8 0.6 1 0 0.5 0.3 0.9 0.6 1.1l0.3 7.4c-0.4 0.1-0.8 0.5-0.8 1s0.4 0.9 0.9 1l0.1 3.1c0 0.5 0.4 0.9 0.9 0.9s0.9-0.4 0.9-0.9l0.1-3.1c0.2 0 0.4-0.1 0.6-0.3s0.3-0.4 0.3-0.7c0-0.5-0.4-0.9-0.8-1l0.3-7.4c0.1-0.1 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.2-0.2 0.3-0.5 0.4-0.9 0.3-0.2 0.6-0.6 0.6-1 0-0.2-0.2-0.5-0.4-0.7zm-0.6-3.5c0.2-0.3 0.4-0.4 0.6-0.5-0.1 1.1 0.5 2.2 0.5 2.2 0.3 1-0.7 1.4-0.9 1.5h-0.3-0.5c0.4-0.5 0.8-1.2 0.8-2.2-0.1-0.4-0.2-1-0.2-1zm-1.5-0.4c0.1-0.2 0.1-0.4 0-0.6 0.5 0.5 1.1 1.2 1.1 2 0 1.1-0.7 1.9-1 2.2h-0.2c-0.2-0.3-0.6-1-0.2-1.7 0.1-0.2 0.5-0.8 0.5-0.9 0.1-0.1 0.1-0.3 0.1-0.3l-0.2 0.2c-0.1 0.1-0.5 0.5-0.6 0.7-0.7 0.8-0.2 1.7 0 1.9h-0.6c-1-1.3 0.1-2.3 0.1-2.4 0.1-0.1 0.1-0.2 0.2-0.2 0.4-0.2 0.6-0.5 0.8-0.9zm-2.6 2.6c0-0.4 0.2-0.7 0.3-1.1 0.2-0.4 0.4-0.9 0.3-1.5 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.3 1 0.6-0.1 0.1-0.1 0.2-0.2 0.2 0 0-1.2 1.2-0.4 2.7h-0.2-0.2c0 0.1-0.6-0.1-0.6-0.9zm2.4 17c-0.2 0-0.4-0.2-0.4-0.4l-0.1-3h1.1l-0.1 3c-0.1 0.2-0.3 0.4-0.5 0.4zm1.4-4.4c0 0.1-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.4s-0.2 0.2-0.4 0.2h-1.8v0.2-0.2c-0.3 0-0.5-0.2-0.5-0.5s0.2-0.5 0.5-0.5h1 0.8c0.4-0.2 0.6 0.1 0.6 0.4zm-0.8-1h-1.2l-0.3-7.2h1.9l-0.4 7.2zm0.8-7.9c-0.1 0.1-0.3 0.2-0.5 0.2h-1.9c-0.3 0-0.5-0.2-0.6-0.6h3 0.1c0 0.2 0 0.3-0.1 0.4zm0.1-0.9h-3c-0.4 0-0.7-0.3-0.7-0.6 0-0.2 0.1-0.3 0.2-0.5 0.1-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.5-0.2h1.2 1 0.9c0.4 0 0.6 0.3 0.6 0.6 0 0.4-0.3 0.7-0.7 0.7z"></path><path class="st1" d="m25.9 31.3c0.5-0.4 1.2-1.2 0.8-2.6 0 0-0.6-1.4-0.1-2.9l0.1-0.4h-0.4s-0.7 0.1-1.4 0.9c-0.7-1.5-2.3-2.5-2.4-2.5l-0.8-0.5 0.5 0.8s0.5 0.9 0.3 1.5c-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.5-0.4 0.7-0.8-0.9-2.1-1.2-2.2-1.2l-0.4-0.1 0.2 0.4c0.4 0.9 0.1 1.5-0.3 2.2-0.3 0.5-0.5 1.1-0.5 1.8 0 1 0.5 1.6 1 1.9-0.4 0.3-0.6 0.7-0.6 1.2 0 0.6 0.3 1.1 0.8 1.3 0.1 0.6 0.4 1.1 0.9 1.4l0.5 10.6c-0.6 0.1-1.1 0.6-1.1 1.3s0.5 1.2 1.2 1.3l0.2 4.4c0 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.3 0.8s0.5 0.3 0.8 0.3 0.6-0.1 0.8-0.3 0.3-0.5 0.3-0.8l0.2-4.4c0.7 0 1.3-0.6 1.3-1.3s-0.5-1.2-1.1-1.3l0.5-10.6c0.5-0.3 0.8-0.8 0.9-1.4 0.1-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.4-0.3 0.3-0.3 0.4-0.7 0.4-1.1-0.1-0.4-0.3-0.9-0.7-1.1zm0.1-5.3c-0.3 1.5 0.2 2.7 0.2 2.8 0.4 1.4-0.6 2.1-0.9 2.2h-0.3-1c0.5-0.6 1.2-1.7 1.2-3.2 0-0.4-0.1-0.7-0.2-1 0.5-0.4 0.8-0.7 1-0.8zm-3.1-0.2c0.1-0.4 0.1-0.8 0-1.1 0.7 0.6 1.9 1.8 1.9 3.2 0 1.6-1 2.8-1.4 3.2h-0.1c-0.2-0.3-0.4-0.8-0.4-1.3 0-1.1 0.5-1.7 0.5-1.7s-0.7 0.4-0.8 1.4c-0.1 0.5 0 1 0.4 1.6h-0.6c-0.2-0.3-0.9-1.4-0.2-2.5 0.1-0.2 0.8-1.1 0.9-1.2 0.1-0.2 0.1-0.4 0.1-0.4-0.1 0.2-0.3 0.3-0.3 0.3-0.2 0.2-0.7 0.7-0.9 1-1 1.2-0.2 2.5 0 2.8h-0.4c-1.5-1.9 0.1-3.4 0.2-3.5l0.3-0.3c0.3-0.5 0.6-0.9 0.8-1.5zm-3.5 3.6c0-0.6 0.2-1.1 0.5-1.6 0.3-0.6 0.6-1.3 0.4-2.2 0.4 0.2 1.1 0.5 1.5 1l-0.5 0.5s-1.8 1.7-0.4 3.8h-0.2c-0.1 0-0.2 0-0.4 0.1 0 0-0.9-0.4-0.9-1.6zm4.1 23.4c0 0.2-0.1 0.3-0.2 0.4s-0.3 0.2-0.4 0.2c-0.2 0-0.3-0.1-0.4-0.2s-0.2-0.3-0.2-0.5l-0.2-4.3h1.7l-0.3 4.4zm1.5-5.7c0 0.5-0.4 0.8-0.8 0.8h-2.5c-0.5 0-0.8-0.4-0.8-0.8 0-0.5 0.4-0.8 0.8-0.8h1.9 0.6c0.4-0.1 0.8 0.3 0.8 0.8zm-1.1-1.3h-1.9l-0.5-10.4h0.1 2.6 0.2l-0.5 10.4zm0.3-10.9h-2.6c-0.4 0-0.8-0.5-0.9-0.9h0.1 4.3 0.2c-0.3 0.4-0.7 0.9-1.1 0.9zm1.6-1.7c-0.2 0.2-0.4 0.3-0.7 0.3h-4.3c-0.6 0-1-0.4-1-1s0.5-1 1-1h2.8 1.4c0.6 0 1 0.4 1 1 0 0.3-0.1 0.5-0.2 0.7z"></path></svg> </a> <div class="location-info"> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://maps.usc.edu/?id=1928 target="_blank" aria-label="Read more about University Park Campus (Map)">University Park Campus (Map)</a> </div> <a class="phone" href="tel:213-740-2311">213-740-2311</a> </div> <div class="location-info"> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://maps.usc.edu/?id=1928#!ct/53722?s/ aria-label="Read more about Health Sciences Campus (Map)">Health Sciences Campus (Map)</a> </div> <a class="phone" href="tel:323-442-2000">323-442-2000</a> </div> <div class="location-info"> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://www.usc.edu/tommy-cam/ target="_blank" aria-label="Read more about Tommy Cam">Tommy Cam</a> </div> </div> <div class="location-info"> <div class="f--field f--link"> <a class="link " href=https://www.usc.edu/hecuba-cam/ aria-label="Read more about Hecuba Cam">Hecuba Cam</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="cc--component-container cc--social-links " > <div class="c--component c--social-links" > <ul class="social-media-links--platforms platforms" aria-label="Follow us on social media"> <li> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/usc/" class="ext" target="_blank" aria-label="Facebook (link is external)"> <svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 30 30" enable-background="new 0 0 30 30" xml:space="preserve"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" fill="#990000" d="M24,6H7C6.5,6,6,6.5,6,7v17c0,0.6,0.5,1,1,1 h9.1v-7.3h-2.5v-2.9h2.5v-2.1c0-2.5,1.5-3.8,3.7-3.8c0.7,0,1.5,0,2.2,0.1v2.6h-1.5c-1.2,0-1.4,0.6-1.4,1.4v1.8H22l-0.4,2.9h-2.5V25 H24c0.6,0,1-0.5,1-1V7C25,6.5,24.5,6,24,6z" /> </svg> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/uscedu/" class="ext" target="_blank" aria-label="Instagram (link is external)"> <svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 30 30" enable-background="new 0 0 30 30" xml:space="preserve"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" fill="#990000" d="M15.5,6c-2.6,0-2.9,0-3.9,0.1 c-1,0-1.7,0.2-2.3,0.4C8.7,6.7,8.1,7.1,7.6,7.6S6.7,8.7,6.5,9.3s-0.4,1.3-0.4,2.3C6,12.6,6,12.9,6,15.5s0,2.9,0.1,3.9 c0,1,0.2,1.7,0.4,2.3c0.2,0.6,0.6,1.2,1.1,1.7s1.1,0.9,1.7,1.1s1.3,0.4,2.3,0.4s1.3,0.1,3.9,0.1s2.9,0,3.9-0.1c1,0,1.7-0.2,2.3-0.4 c0.6-0.2,1.2-0.6,1.7-1.1s0.9-1.1,1.1-1.7s0.4-1.3,0.4-2.3s0.1-1.3,0.1-3.9s0-2.9-0.1-3.9c0-1-0.2-1.7-0.4-2.3 c-0.2-0.6-0.6-1.2-1.1-1.7s-1.1-0.9-1.7-1.1s-1.3-0.4-2.3-0.4C18.4,6,18.1,6,15.5,6 M15.5,7.7c2.5,0,2.8,0,3.8,0.1 c0.9,0,1.4,0.2,1.8,0.3c0.4,0.2,0.8,0.4,1.1,0.7c0.3,0.3,0.5,0.7,0.7,1.1c0.1,0.3,0.3,0.8,0.3,1.8s0.1,1.3,0.1,3.9 c0,2.5,0,2.8-0.1,3.8c0,0.9-0.2,1.4-0.3,1.8c-0.2,0.4-0.4,0.8-0.7,1.1c-0.3,0.3-0.6,0.5-1.1,0.7c-0.3,0.1-0.8,0.3-1.8,0.3 s-1.3,0.1-3.8,0.1s-2.8,0-3.8-0.1c-0.9,0-1.4-0.2-1.8-0.3c-0.4-0.2-0.8-0.4-1.1-0.7c-0.3-0.3-0.5-0.7-0.7-1.1 c-0.1-0.3-0.3-0.8-0.3-1.8s-0.1-1.3-0.1-3.8s0-2.8,0.1-3.9c0-0.9,0.2-1.4,0.3-1.8c0.2-0.4,0.4-0.8,0.7-1.1s0.6-0.5,1.1-0.7 c0.3-0.1,0.8-0.3,1.8-0.3C12.7,7.7,13,7.7,15.5,7.7 M15.5,18.7c-1.7,0-3.2-1.4-3.2-3.2s1.4-3.2,3.2-3.2s3.2,1.4,3.2,3.2 S17.2,18.7,15.5,18.7 M15.5,10.6c-2.7,0-4.9,2.2-4.9,4.9s2.2,4.9,4.9,4.9s4.9-2.2,4.9-4.9S18.2,10.6,15.5,10.6 M21.7,10.4 c0,0.6-0.5,1.1-1.1,1.1s-1.1-0.5-1.1-1.1s0.5-1.1,1.1-1.1S21.7,9.8,21.7,10.4" /> </svg> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://twitter.com/usc" class="ext" target="_blank" aria-label="X (link is external)"> <svg enable-background="new 0 0 30 30" viewBox="0 0 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"> <path clip-rule="evenodd" d="m14.5 16.2-.8-1.1-6.3-9h2.7l5.1 7.3.8 1.1 6.6 9.4h-2.7zm2.4-2.8 7.4-8.7h-1.8l-6.5 7.5-5-7.4h-6l7.8 11.4-7.8 9h1.8l6.8-7.9 5.5 7.9h6z" fill-rule="evenodd" fill="#990000"/> </svg> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/school/3084" class="ext" target="_blank" aria-label="LinkedIn (link is external)"> <svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" width="32" height="32" viewBox="0 0 30 30" enable-background="new 0 0 30 30" xml:space="preserve"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" fill="#990000" d="M25,21.4c0,2-1.6,3.6-3.6,3.6H9.6 c-2,0-3.6-1.6-3.6-3.6V9.6C6,7.6,7.6,6,9.6,6h11.8c2,0,3.6,1.6,3.6,3.6C25,9.6,25,21.4,25,21.4z M10.4,9.2c-1,0-1.6,0.6-1.6,1.5 c-0.1,0.9,0.5,1.5,1.5,1.5l0,0c1,0,1.6-0.6,1.6-1.5S11.3,9.2,10.4,9.2z M11.8,21.9v-8.6H9v8.6H11.8z M22,21.9V17 c0-2.6-1.4-3.8-3.3-3.8c-1.5,0-2.1,0.9-2.5,1.5l0,0v-1.2h-2.8c0,0,0,0.9,0,8.6h2.8v-4.9c0-0.2,0-0.5,0.1-0.7c0.1-0.5,0.6-1,1.5-1 c1,0,1.5,0.7,1.5,2v4.6H22V21.9z" /> </svg> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/USC" class="ext" target="_blank" aria-label="Youtube (link is external)"> <svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 27 18.6" enable-background="new 0 0 27 18.6" xml:space="preserve"> <path fill="#990000" d="M26.7,4c0,0-0.3-1.8-1.1-2.6c-1-1.1-2.2-1.1-2.7-1.1C19.2,0,13.5,0,13.5,0h0 c0,0-5.7,0-9.4,0.3C3.5,0.3,2.4,0.3,1.3,1.4C0.5,2.2,0.3,4,0.3,4S0,6.1,0,8.3v2c0,2.1,0.3,4.3,0.3,4.3s0.3,1.8,1.1,2.6 c1,1.1,2.4,1,3,1.1c2.2,0.2,9.2,0.3,9.2,0.3s5.7,0,9.5-0.3c0.5-0.1,1.7-0.1,2.7-1.1c0.8-0.8,1.1-2.6,1.1-2.6s0.3-2.1,0.3-4.3v-2 C27,6.1,26.7,4,26.7,4z M10.7,13V5.5l7.2,3.6L10.7,13z"/> </svg> </a> </li> </ul> </div></div> </div> <div class="footer-links"> <div class="cc--component-container cc--footer-menu " > <div class="c--component c--footer-menu" > <div class="menu-container"> <nav aria-label="Footer Navigation"> <ul> <li class="menu-item"> <span>About USC</span> <div class="submenus-wrapper"> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu" aria-label="About USC Navigation"> <li> <a href="https://www.president.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Office of the President</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.provost.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Office of the Provost</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/policies/" >Policies and Core Documents</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/sustainability/" >Sustainability</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/economic-impact/" >Economic Impact</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <span>Patient Care</span> <div class="submenus-wrapper"> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu" aria-label="Patient Care Navigation"> <li> <a href="https://studenthealth.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >USC Student Health</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://www.keckmedicine.org/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Keck Medicine of USC</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.keckmedicine.org/request-an-appointment/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Request an Appointment</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.keckmedicine.org/conditions-and-treatments/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Medical Services and Programs</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.keckmedicine.org/find-a-doctor/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Find a Provider</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.keckmedicine.org/locations/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Hospital and Clinic Locations</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <span>Quick Links</span> <div class="submenus-wrapper"> <div class="submenus-wrapper-inner"> <ul class="submenu" aria-label="Quick Links Navigation"> <li> <a href="https://calendar.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Campus Events</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://safety.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Campus Safety</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://usccareers.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=referral&utm_source=USC%20Homepage&utm_term=footer" >Careers at USC</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://change.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Commitment to Change</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/how-to-access-campus/" >How to Access Campus</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://pressroom.usc.edu/?utm_campaign=Brand&utm_medium=website&utm_source=USC%20Homepage" >Pressroom</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div></div> <div class="footer-utility"> <div class="cc--component-container cc--footer-menu-utility " > <div class="c--component c--footer-menu-utility" > <div class="menu-container"> <nav aria-label="Privacy Navigation"> <ul> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://www.usc.edu/privacy-notice/" >Privacy Notice</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://eeotix.usc.edu/notice-of-non-discrimination/" >Notice of Non-Discrimination</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://accessibility.usc.edu/accessibility-at-usc/digital-accessibility/" >Digital Accessibility</a> </li> <li class="menu-item"> <a href="https://policy.usc.edu/smoke-free/" >Smoke-Free Policy</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div></div> <div class="f--field f--description"> <p>Copyright © 2024 University of Southern California</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </footer> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) snippet added by Site Kit --> <noscript> <iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-5XS99H7" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe> </noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) snippet added by Site Kit --> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/vendor/jquery.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-script-jquery-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/vendor/jquery.once.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-script-jquery-once-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/vendor/what-input.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-script-what-input-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/vendor/ally.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-script-ally-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/vendor/lazysizes.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-script-lazysizes-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/vendor/jquery.hoverIntent.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-script-hover-intent-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/vendor/imagesloaded.pkgd.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-script-imagesloaded-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/vendor/gsap.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-gsap-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/vendor/ScrollTrigger.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-gsap-scroll-trigger-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/dist/DP.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-script-dp-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/dist/components/main-menu.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-script-main-menu-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/dist/components/header.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-script-header-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/dist/components/header-search.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-script-header-search-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/dist/components/stickyHeader.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-script-sticky-header-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/dist/components/landing-page-subnav.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-script-landing-page-subnav-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/js/notification-banner/notification-banner.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-notification-banner-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/js/page-alert-banner/page-alert-banner.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-page-alert-banner-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/dist/components/first-visit-notification.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-first-visit-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/dist/components/horizontal-strip.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-horizontal-strip-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="usc-blog-roll-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var blogRollFeatureAjaxObject = {"ajaxUrl":"https:\/\/www.usc.edu\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/js/usc-blog-roll/usc-blog-roll.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-blog-roll-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/dist/components/simplified-landing-hero.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-simplified-landing-hero-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/dist/components/video-controls.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-video-controls-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/dist/components/info-controls.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-info-controls-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.usc.edu/wp-content/themes/usc-communications-2023/pattern_lab/source/js/vendor/lity.min.js?ver=aee568c974f35a5c90f5c2" id="usc-script-lity-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"NRJS-96a99329817825c8148","applicationID":"541030334","transactionName":"MV0DYkpUWxJZUEcPVwgXIFVMXFoPF0NSAV0=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":1211,"atts":"HRoAFAJOSBw=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10