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vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-定義" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#定義"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>定義</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-定義-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-影響因子" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#影響因子"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>影響因子</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-影響因子-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关影響因子子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-影響因子-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-溫度" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#溫度"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>溫度</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-溫度-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-晶粒大小" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#晶粒大小"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>晶粒大小</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-晶粒大小-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-晶形" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#晶形"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>晶形</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-晶形-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-化學組成" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#化學組成"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>化學組成</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-化學組成-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-物質的熱導率" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#物質的熱導率"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>物質的熱導率</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-物質的熱導率-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考資料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考資料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>參考資料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考資料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">熱導率</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。63种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-63" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">63种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termiese_geleidingsvermo%C3%AB" title="Termiese geleidingsvermoë – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Termiese geleidingsvermoë" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="ناقلية حرارية – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ناقلية حرارية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductivid%C3%A1_t%C3%A9rmica" title="Conductividá térmica – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Conductividá térmica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%A4rmeleitf%C3%A4higkeit" title="Wärmeleitfähigkeit – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Wärmeleitfähigkeit" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Цеплаправоднасць – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Цеплаправоднасць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Цеплаправоднасьць – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Цеплаправоднасьць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Топлопроводимост – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Топлопроводимост" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toplotna_provodljivost" title="Toplotna provodljivost – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Toplotna provodljivost" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductivitat_t%C3%A8rmica" title="Conductivitat tèrmica – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Conductivitat tèrmica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tepeln%C3%A1_vodivost" title="Tepelná vodivost – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tepelná vodivost" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%82%D1%88%C4%83%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85" title="Ăшăяраслăх – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ăшăяраслăх" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specifik_varmeledningsevne" title="Specifik varmeledningsevne – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Specifik varmeledningsevne" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%A4rmeleitf%C3%A4higkeit" title="Wärmeleitfähigkeit – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wärmeleitfähigkeit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B1%CE%B3%CF%89%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1" title="Θερμική αγωγιμότητα – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Θερμική αγωγιμότητα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_conductivity_and_resistivity" title="Thermal conductivity and resistivity – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Thermal conductivity and resistivity" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termika_konduktivo" title="Termika konduktivo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Termika konduktivo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductividad_t%C3%A9rmica" title="Conductividad térmica – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Conductividad térmica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soojusjuhtivustegur" title="Soojusjuhtivustegur – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Soojusjuhtivustegur" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bero-eroaletasun" title="Bero-eroaletasun – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bero-eroaletasun" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%DA%AF%DB%8C_%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="رسانندگی گرمایی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رسانندگی گرمایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A4mm%C3%B6njohtavuus" title="Lämmönjohtavuus – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lämmönjohtavuus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductivit%C3%A9_thermique" title="Conductivité thermique – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Conductivité thermique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seoltacht_theirmeach" title="Seoltacht theirmeach – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Seoltacht theirmeach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condutividade_t%C3%A9rmica" title="Condutividade térmica – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Condutividade térmica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9D" title="מוליכות חום – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מוליכות חום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8A%E0%A4%B7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="ऊष्मा चालकता – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ऊष्मा चालकता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toplinska_vodljivost" title="Toplinska vodljivost – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Toplinska vodljivost" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C5%91vezet%C3%A9s" title="Hővezetés – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hővezetés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konduktivitas_termal" title="Konduktivitas termal – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Konduktivitas termal" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conducibilit%C3%A0_termica" title="Conducibilità termica – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Conducibilità termica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E4%BC%9D%E5%B0%8E%E7%8E%87" title="熱伝導率 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="熱伝導率" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konduktivitas_termal" title="Konduktivitas termal – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Konduktivitas termal" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%97%E1%83%91%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="თბოგამტარობა – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="თბოგამტარობა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%B4%EC%A0%84%EB%8F%84%EC%9C%A8" title="열전도율 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="열전도율" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conduttivit%C3%A0_t%C3%A8rmica" title="Conduttività tèrmica – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Conduttività tèrmica" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siltumvad%C4%ABtsp%C4%93ja" title="Siltumvadītspēja – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Siltumvadītspēja" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Топлинска спроводливост – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Топлинска спроводливост" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A4" title="താപചാലകത – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="താപചാലകത" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kekonduksian_haba" title="Kekonduksian haba – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kekonduksian haba" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermische_geleidbaarheid" title="Thermische geleidbaarheid – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Thermische geleidbaarheid" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Varmeleiingsevne" title="Varmeleiingsevne – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Varmeleiingsevne" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termisk_konduktivitet" title="Termisk konduktivitet – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Termisk konduktivitet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Przewodno%C5%9B%C4%87_cieplna" title="Przewodność cieplna – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Przewodność cieplna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AE%DB%90_%D8%AA%DB%90%D8%B1%DB%90%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%87" title="د تودوخې تېرېدنه – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د تودوخې تېرېدنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condutividade_t%C3%A9rmica" title="Condutividade térmica – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Condutividade térmica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conductivitate_termic%C4%83" title="Conductivitate termică – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Conductivitate termică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Теплопроводность – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Теплопроводность" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_conductivity" title="Thermal conductivity – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Thermal conductivity" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toplinska_vodljivost" title="Toplinska vodljivost – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Toplinska vodljivost" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_conductivity" title="Thermal conductivity – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Thermal conductivity" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koeficient_tepelnej_vodivosti" title="Koeficient tepelnej vodivosti – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Koeficient tepelnej vodivosti" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toplotna_prevodnost" title="Toplotna prevodnost – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Toplotna prevodnost" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%99%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Топлотна проводљивост – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Топлотна проводљивост" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A4rmeledningsf%C3%B6rm%C3%A5ga" title="Värmeledningsförmåga – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Värmeledningsförmåga" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="வெப்பக் கடத்துதிறன் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வெப்பக் கடத்துதிறன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Гармигузаронӣ – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гармигузаронӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Termal_na_konduktibidad" title="Termal na konduktibidad – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Termal na konduktibidad" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Is%C4%B1_iletkenli%C4%9Fi" title="Isı iletkenliği – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Isı iletkenliği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%84%D1%96%D1%86%D1%96%D1%94%D0%BD%D1%82_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96" title="Коефіцієнт теплопровідності – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Коефіцієнт теплопровідності" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issiqlik_o%CA%BBtkazuvchanlik" title="Issiqlik oʻtkazuvchanlik – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Issiqlik oʻtkazuvchanlik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%99_d%E1%BA%ABn_nhi%E1%BB%87t" title="Độ dẫn nhiệt – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Độ dẫn nhiệt" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%AF%BC%E7%8E%87" title="热导率 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="热导率" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%8E%E7%86%B1%E7%8E%87" title="導熱率 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="導熱率" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q487005#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-3a8e24d3" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Physics"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Unit"></div></div></div> <p><b>热导率</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Thermal conductivity</span>）其符號為<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle k}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>k</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle k}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c3c9a2c7b599b37105512c5d570edc034056dd40" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.211ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle k}"></span>、<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \lambda }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>λ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \lambda }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b43d0ea3c9c025af1be9128e62a18fa74bedda2a" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.355ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \lambda }"></span>或 <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \kappa }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>κ</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \kappa }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/54ddec2e922c5caea4e47d04feef86e782dc8e6d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.339ex; height:1.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \kappa }"></span>，是指材料传导<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E8%83%BD" title="热能">热能</a>的能力，或称<b>热传导率</b>。 </p><p>單位為<a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6%E7%89%B9" title="瓦特">瓦</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%B0%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="公尺">公尺</a><sup>-1</sup>·<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%87" title="热力学温标">克耳文</a><sup>-1</sup>（ <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle W \over \ mK}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>W</mi> </mstyle> <mrow> <mtext> </mtext> <mi>m</mi> <mi>K</mi> </mrow> </mfrac> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle W \over \ mK}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/0bea99150b1455fa197e2a3bcaed9001e8451963" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:5.523ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle W \over \ mK}"></span>） </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="定義"><span id=".E5.AE.9A.E7.BE.A9"></span>定義</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E5%B0%8E%E7%8E%87&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：定義"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>热导率为在单位时间内，每单位截面积所流过的热量除以单位距离温度变化量的负值。<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>由<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E4%BC%A0%E5%AF%BC" title="热传导">傅立葉定律</a>： </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {q} =-k\nabla T}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">q</mi> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {q} =-k\nabla T}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/39b1ada50d67917e1840d942c21ac5530c10b8d6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:11.106ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {q} =-k\nabla T}"></span> </p><p>其中<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {q} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">q</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {q} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7be005a326b7ac3fe4c24bca391369f44c4c2876" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.416ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {q} }"></span><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E9%80%9A%E9%87%8F" title="热通量">熱通量</a>密度，為向量; <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle k}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>k</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle k}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c3c9a2c7b599b37105512c5d570edc034056dd40" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.211ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle k}"></span>是熱導率;<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \nabla T}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi mathvariant="normal">∇</mi> <mi>T</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \nabla T}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f821c5afeadd28e07e1e1142c10b4656c7751d51" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:3.572ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \nabla T}"></span>是<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%AB%E5%BA%A6%E6%A2%AF%E5%BA%A6" title="溫度梯度">溫度梯度</a>，為向量。 </p><p><br /> 若給定兩物質，其座標分別為<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x=0}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x=0}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/953917eaf52f2e1baad54c8c9e3d6f9bb3710cdc" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:5.591ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x=0}"></span>與<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle x=L>0}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>x</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mi>L</mi> <mo>></mo> <mn>0</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle x=L>0}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/927a522c6c5c2da42d12da0cbf762ba66472e1d0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:10.272ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle x=L>0}"></span>，其溫度分別為<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle T_{1}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle T_{1}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2f304724948a3ef606c4a92459e22b87a954d993" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.412ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle T_{1}}"></span>與<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle T_{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle T_{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d1ba5f12fbb0ff766aec6e22148b429373608555" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:2.412ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle T_{2}}"></span>，且<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle T_{2}>T_{1}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>></mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle T_{2}>T_{1}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/250cc00b26136105202559ce760ab12a656cb4a2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:7.922ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle T_{2}>T_{1}}"></span>。 </p><p>則可將等式轉換為： </p><p><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle q=-k\cdot {\frac {T_{2}-T_{1}}{L}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>q</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mo>−</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>⋅</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>−</mo> <msub> <mi>T</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mi>L</mi> </mfrac> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle q=-k\cdot {\frac {T_{2}-T_{1}}{L}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/a78dfec33a210b386ae95c243cbb47df538ed062" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:17.367ex; height:5.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle q=-k\cdot {\frac {T_{2}-T_{1}}{L}}}"></span> </p><p>根據<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="熱力學第二定律">熱力學第二定律</a>，熱量由高溫物體向低溫物體傳遞<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，所以在此處<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathbf {q} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="bold">q</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathbf {q} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/7be005a326b7ac3fe4c24bca391369f44c4c2876" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.416ex; height:2.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathbf {q} }"></span><0，則可推知<span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle k}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mi>k</mi> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle k}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/c3c9a2c7b599b37105512c5d570edc034056dd40" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.211ex; height:2.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle k}"></span>>0<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="影響因子"><span id=".E5.BD.B1.E9.9F.BF.E5.9B.A0.E5.AD.90"></span>影響因子</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E5%B0%8E%E7%8E%87&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：影響因子"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="溫度"><span id=".E6.BA.AB.E5.BA.A6"></span>溫度</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E5%B0%8E%E7%8E%87&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：溫度"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>熱導率會隨著溫度升高，並且可以在一特定溫度範圍內維持在最大值，然而溫度一旦超過此一範圍，熱導率會快速衰減至最小值，此時溫度則接近該物質熔點。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="晶粒大小"><span id=".E6.99.B6.E7.B2.92.E5.A4.A7.E5.B0.8F"></span>晶粒大小</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E5%B0%8E%E7%8E%87&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：晶粒大小"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>熱導率會隨著<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E7%B2%92" title="晶粒">晶粒</a>增大而增加。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="晶形"><span id=".E6.99.B6.E5.BD.A2"></span>晶形</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E5%B0%8E%E7%8E%87&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：晶形"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>除了<a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%8B%E6%96%B9%E6%99%B6%E7%B3%BB" title="立方晶系">立方晶系</a>（cubic system)的物質，多數物質之熱導率具有<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E5%9D%87%E5%90%91%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="非均向性">非均向性</a>(anisotropy）。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="化學組成"><span id=".E5.8C.96.E5.AD.B8.E7.B5.84.E6.88.90"></span>化學組成</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E5%B0%8E%E7%8E%87&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：化學組成"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>熱導率受雜質影響甚鉅。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="物質的熱導率"><span id=".E7.89.A9.E8.B3.AA.E7.9A.84.E7.86.B1.E5.B0.8E.E7.8E.87"></span>物質的熱導率</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E5%B0%8E%E7%8E%87&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：物質的熱導率"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="3"> <tbody><tr> <th>物質 </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA%E7%8B%80%E6%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="物質狀態">物質狀態</a> </th> <th>導熱率Wm<sup>-1</sup>K<sup>-1</sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%A2%A8%E7%83%AF" title="石墨烯">石墨烯</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>4400 ~ 5780 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%88%9A%E7%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="金刚石">金刚石</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>900 ~ 2320 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">銀</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>420 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%85" class="mw-redirect" title="銅">銅</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>401 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E9%87%91" class="mw-redirect" title="黃金">黃金</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>318 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%81" class="mw-redirect" title="鋁">鋁</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>237 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%91" class="mw-redirect" title="鉑">鉑</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>70 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="鐵">鐵</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>80 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="鋼">鋼</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>60 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="鉛">鉛</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>35 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">汞</a></td> <td>液態</td> <td>8.34 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B0" title="冰">冰</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E7%93%B7" class="mw-disambig" title="陶瓷">陶瓷</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>1.22 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%BB%E7%92%83" title="玻璃">玻璃</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>1.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a></td> <td>液態</td> <td>0.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E4%B9%99%E7%83%AF" title="聚乙烯">聚乙烯</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>0.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E9%BE%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="尼龍">尼龍</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E8%A0%9F%E6%B2%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="石蠟油">石蠟油</a></td> <td>液態</td> <td>0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%A3%89" title="石棉">石棉</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>0.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E8%8B%AF%E4%B9%99%E7%83%AF" title="聚苯乙烯">聚苯乙烯</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>0.033 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E6%9C%A8%E5%A1%9E" title="軟木塞">軟木塞</a></td> <td>固態</td> <td>0.50 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="text-align: center; font-size: small">採用在<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%99%E6%BA%96%E7%8B%80%E6%B3%81" class="mw-redirect" title="標準狀況">標準狀況</a>下的數據。對於氣體，值是對應於c<sub>p</sub>。 </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考資料"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span>參考資料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%86%B1%E5%B0%8E%E7%8E%87&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：參考資料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bsmi.gov.tw/wSite/public/Data/f1564459299996.pdf">度量衡單位及其所用之倍數、分數之名稱、定義及代號</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200114052908/https://www.bsmi.gov.tw/wSite/public/Data/f1564459299996.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2020-01-14）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%86%B1%E5%B0%8E%E7%8E%87&rft.btitle=%E5%BA%A6%E9%87%8F%E8%A1%A1%E5%96%AE%E4%BD%8D%E5%8F%8A%E5%85%B6%E6%89%80%E7%94%A8%E4%B9%8B%E5%80%8D%E6%95%B8%E3%80%81%E5%88%86%E6%95%B8%E4%B9%8B%E5%90%8D%E7%A8%B1%E3%80%81%E5%AE%9A%E7%BE%A9%E5%8F%8A%E4%BB%A3%E8%99%9F&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bsmi.gov.tw%2FwSite%2Fpublic%2FData%2Ff1564459299996.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/k-12/airplane/thermo2.html">NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION：second law of thermodynamics</a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210417183906/https://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/k-12/airplane/thermo2.html">存档</a>于2021-04-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%86%B1%E5%B0%8E%E7%8E%87&rft.btitle=NATIONAL+AERONAUTICS+AND+SPACE+ADMINISTRATION%EF%BC%9Asecond+law+of+thermodynamics&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.grc.nasa.gov%2FWWW%2Fk-12%2Fairplane%2Fthermo2.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Bird, R. Byron; Stewart, Warren E.; Lightfoot, Edwin N. Transport Phenomena. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. December 2006: P.266. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-470-11539-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-470-11539-8"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-470-11539-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%86%B1%E5%B0%8E%E7%8E%87&rft.au=Lightfoot%2C+Edwin+N.&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Warren+E.&rft.aufirst=R.+Byron&rft.aulast=Bird&rft.btitle=Transport+Phenomena&rft.date=2006-12&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-470-11539-8&rft.pages=P.266&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons%2C+Inc&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33"> 引文格式1维护：冗余文本 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E7%BB%B4%E6%8A%A4%EF%BC%9A%E5%86%97%E4%BD%99%E6%96%87%E6%9C%AC" title="Category:引文格式1维护：冗余文本">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><b>4.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><b>4.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-2"><sup><b>4.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-3"><sup><b>4.3</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Liu, Peisheng; Chen, Guo-Feng. Porous Materials:Processing and Applications. Butterworth-Heinemann. 26th August 2014. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9780124077881" title="Special:网络书源/9780124077881"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 9780124077881</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%86%B1%E5%B0%8E%E7%8E%87&rft.au=Chen%2C+Guo-Feng&rft.aufirst=Peisheng&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.btitle=Porous+Materials%3AProcessing+and+Applications&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9780124077881&rft.pub=Butterworth-Heinemann&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">请检查<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|date=</code>中的日期值 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#bad_date" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img 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