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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Sejarah</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Asal_mula_dan_sejarah_awal_(205–310)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asal_mula_dan_sejarah_awal_(205–310)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Asal mula dan sejarah awal (205–310)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asal_mula_dan_sejarah_awal_(205–310)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Catatan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Catatan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Catatan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Catatan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kekaisaran Sasaniyah</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 101 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-101" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">101 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sassanidiese_Ryk" title="Sassanidiese Ryk – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sassanidiese Ryk" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_Sasanida" title="Imperio Sasanida – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Imperio Sasanida" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الإمبراطورية الساسانية – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الإمبراطورية الساسانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الشاهنشاهية الساسانية – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الشاهنشاهية الساسانية" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperiu_sas%C3%A1nida" title="Imperiu sasánida – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Imperiu sasánida" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сасанилазул империя – Avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Сасанилазул империя" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasanil%C9%99r_imperiyas%C4%B1" title="Sasanilər imperiyası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sasanilər imperiyası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B1" title="ساسانیلر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ساسانیلر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D3%99%D1%81%D3%99%D0%BD%D0%B8%D2%99%D3%99%D1%80_%D0%B4%D3%99%D2%AF%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Сәсәниҙәр дәүләте – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сәсәниҙәр дәүләте" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Дзяржава Сасанідаў – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дзяржава Сасанідаў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%9E" title="Дзяржава Сасанідаў – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дзяржава Сасанідаў" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Сасанидска империя – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сасанидска империя" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF" title="সাসানীয় সাম্রাজ্য – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সাসানীয় সাম্রাজ্য" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasanided" title="Sasanided – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sasanided" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasanidsko_Carstvo" title="Sasanidsko Carstvo – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Sasanidsko Carstvo" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperi_Sass%C3%A0nida" title="Imperi Sassànida – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Imperi Sassànida" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%86%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="ئیمپراتۆریەتیی ساسانی – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیمپراتۆریەتیی ساسانی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1s%C3%A1novsk%C3%A1_%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%A1e" title="Sásánovská říše – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sásánovská říše" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%D3%91%D1%85%D3%97" title="Сасанидсен патшалӑхӗ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Сасанидсен патшалӑхӗ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sassaniaid" title="Sassaniaid – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sassaniaid" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="recommended article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sassaniderne" title="Sassaniderne – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sassaniderne" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sassanidenreich" title="Sassanidenreich – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sassanidenreich" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0mperatoriya_Sasani" title="İmperatoriya Sasani – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İmperatoriya Sasani" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%A3%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%B4%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Αυτοκρατορία των Σασσανιδών – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αυτοκρατορία των Σασσανιδών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sasanian Empire" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasanida_Imperio" title="Sasanida Imperio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sasanida Imperio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_sas%C3%A1nida" title="Imperio sasánida – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Imperio sasánida" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sassaniidide_riik" title="Sassaniidide riik – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sassaniidide riik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasandar_Inperioa" title="Sasandar Inperioa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sasandar Inperioa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="شاهنشاهی ساسانی – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شاهنشاهی ساسانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sassanidit" title="Sassanidit – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sassanidit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sassanides" title="Sassanides – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sassanides" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sassanidyske_Ryk" title="Sassanidyske Ryk – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sassanidyske Ryk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperio_Sas%C3%A1nida" title="Imperio Sasánida – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Imperio Sasánida" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%80_%E0%AA%B8%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%9C%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AF" title="સાસાની સામ્રાજ્ય – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="સાસાની સામ્રાજ્ય" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daular_Sasanian" title="Daular Sasanian – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Daular Sasanian" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="האימפריה הסאסאנית – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האימפריה הסאסאנית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="सासानी साम्राज्य – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सासानी साम्राज्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasanidsko_Perzijsko_Carstvo" title="Sasanidsko Perzijsko Carstvo – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sasanidsko Perzijsko Carstvo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%A1sz%C3%A1nida_Birodalom" title="Szászánida Birodalom – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szászánida Birodalom" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%8A%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Սասանյան Պարսկաստան – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սասանյան Պարսկաստան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%8A%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Սասանեան Պարսկաստան – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սասանեան Պարսկաստան" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sassan%C3%ADdar" title="Sassanídar – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sassanídar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impero_sasanide" title="Impero sasanide – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Impero sasanide" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E6%9C%9D" title="サーサーン朝 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サーサーン朝" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="სასანიანთა იმპერია – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სასანიანთა იმპერია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D3%99%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%96" title="Сасани әулеті – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сасани әулеті" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%82%B0_%EC%A0%9C%EA%B5%AD" title="사산 제국 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사산 제국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Emperatoriya_Sasan%C3%AE" title="Împeratoriya Sasanî – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Împeratoriya Sasanî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Сасанийлер мамлекети – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Сасанийлер мамлекети" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regnum_Sassanidarum" title="Regnum Sassanidarum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Regnum Sassanidarum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impero_Sasanan" title="Impero Sasanan – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Impero Sasanan" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasanid%C5%B3_imperija" title="Sasanidų imperija – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sasanidų imperija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasan%C4%ABdu_imp%C4%93rija" title="Sasanīdu impērija – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sasanīdu impērija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empira_Sasanida" title="Empira Sasanida – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Empira Sasanida" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Сасанидско Царство – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сасанидско Царство" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BB_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="സസാനിയൻ സാമ്രാജ്യം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സസാനിയൻ സാമ്രാജ്യം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="सासानिद साम्राज्य – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सासानिद साम्राज्य" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empayar_Sasan" title="Empayar Sasan – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Empayar Sasan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86" title="ساسانیون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ساسانیون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sassanidenriek" title="Sassanidenriek – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Sassanidenriek" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="सासानी साम्राज्य – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सासानी साम्राज्य" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="सासानी साम्राज्य – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सासानी साम्राज्य" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sassaniden" title="Sassaniden – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sassaniden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasanidane" title="Sasanidane – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sasanidane" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasanideriket" title="Sasanideriket – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sasanideriket" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emp%C3%A8ri_Sassanida" title="Empèri Sassanida – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Empèri Sassanida" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EF%BB%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%A4" title="ਸਾਸਾਨੀ ਸਲਤਨਤ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਾਸਾਨੀ ਸਲਤਨਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperium_Sasanid%C3%B3w" title="Imperium Sasanidów – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Imperium Sasanidów" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="ساسانی سلطنت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ساسانی سلطنت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88_%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%A9%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A" title="د ساسانيانو واکمني – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د ساسانيانو واکمني" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imp%C3%A9rio_Sass%C3%A2nida" title="Império Sassânida – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Império Sassânida" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperiul_Sasanid" title="Imperiul Sasanid – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Imperiul Sasanid" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="Государство Сасанидов – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Государство Сасанидов" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire – Skotlandia" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sasanian Empire" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="ساساني سلطنت – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ساساني سلطنت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasanidska_Monarhija" title="Sasanidska Monarhija – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sasanidska Monarhija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sassanid_Empire" title="Sassanid Empire – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sassanid Empire" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novoperzsk%C3%A1_r%C3%AD%C5%A1a" title="Novoperzská ríša – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Novoperzská ríša" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasanidsko_cesarstvo" title="Sasanidsko cesarstvo – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sasanidsko cesarstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perandoria_Sasanide" title="Perandoria Sasanide – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Perandoria Sasanide" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Сасанидско царство – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сасанидско царство" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasaniderna" title="Sasaniderna – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sasaniderna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milki_ya_Wasasani" title="Milki ya Wasasani – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Milki ya Wasasani" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="சாசானியப் பேரரசு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சாசானியப் பேரரசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Шоҳаншоҳии Сосонӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шоҳаншоҳии Сосонӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="จักรวรรดิซาเซเนียน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จักรวรรดิซาเซเนียน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperyong_Sasanida" title="Imperyong Sasanida – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Imperyong Sasanida" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C9%99s%C9%99nijon_Imperij%C9%99" title="Səsənijon Imperijə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Səsənijon Imperijə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasani_%C4%B0mparatorlu%C4%9Fu" title="Sasani İmparatorluğu – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sasani İmparatorluğu" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B4%D3%99%D2%AF%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Сасанидлар дәүләте – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Сасанидлар дәүләте" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Держава Сасанідів – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Держава Сасанідів" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="ساسانی سلطنت – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ساسانی سلطنت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sosoniylar_davlati" title="Sosoniylar davlati – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sosoniylar davlati" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%BF_qu%E1%BB%91c_Sasan" title="Đế quốc Sasan – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đế quốc Sasan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperyo_Sasanida" title="Imperyo Sasanida – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Imperyo Sasanida" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E7%8F%8A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="萨珊王朝 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="萨珊王朝" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="სასანიანეფიშ იმპერია – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სასანიანეფიშ იმპერია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E7%8F%8A%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="萨珊王朝 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="萨珊王朝" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sasan_T%C3%A8-kok" title="Sasan Tè-kok – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sasan Tè-kok" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E7%8F%8A" title="薩珊 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="薩珊" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q83891#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. 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vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&oldid=24977091" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&id=24977091&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKekaisaran_Sasaniyah"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKekaisaran_Sasaniyah"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Kekaisaran+Sasaniyah"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Sassanid_Empire" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link 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mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r24155656">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 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.ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard" style="font-size:88%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr" style="padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org country-name">Kekaisaran Sasaniyah<br />Iran / Iranshahr</div><br /><div style="padding-top:0.25em; font-weight:normal;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Eranshahr.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Eranshahr.svg/60px-Eranshahr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Eranshahr.svg/90px-Eranshahr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Eranshahr.svg/120px-Eranshahr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="300" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-wiesehofer_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wiesehofer-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><i><a href="/wiki/Nama_Iran_dan_Persia" title="Nama Iran dan Persia">Ērānšahr</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">224 M–651 M</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;padding:0.5em 0;"><div style="display:table; width:100%;"> <div style="display:table-cell; width:58%; vertical-align:middle; padding-left:5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Derafsh_Kaviani_flag_of_the_late_Sassanid_Empire.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bendera Iran"><img alt="Bendera Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Derafsh_Kaviani_flag_of_the_late_Sassanid_Empire.svg/125px-Derafsh_Kaviani_flag_of_the_late_Sassanid_Empire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Derafsh_Kaviani_flag_of_the_late_Sassanid_Empire.svg/188px-Derafsh_Kaviani_flag_of_the_late_Sassanid_Empire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Derafsh_Kaviani_flag_of_the_late_Sassanid_Empire.svg/250px-Derafsh_Kaviani_flag_of_the_late_Sassanid_Empire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Bendera_Iran" title="Bendera Iran">Derafsh Kaviani</a></div> </div> <div style="display:table-cell; vertical-align:middle; padding: 0px 5px;"> <div style="padding-bottom:3px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Senmurv.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Simurgh Iran"><img alt="{{{coat_alt}}}" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Senmurv.svg/85px-Senmurv.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Senmurv.svg/128px-Senmurv.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Senmurv.svg/170px-Senmurv.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="644" data-file-height="645" /></a></span></div> <div style="font-size:90%;">Simurgh</div> </div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:The_Sasanian_Empire_at_its_apex_under_Khosrow_II.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jangkauan terluas Kekaisaran pada masa kaisar Khosrau II."><img alt="Jangkauan terluas Kekaisaran pada masa kaisar Khosrau II." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/The_Sasanian_Empire_at_its_apex_under_Khosrow_II.svg/250px-The_Sasanian_Empire_at_its_apex_under_Khosrow_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/The_Sasanian_Empire_at_its_apex_under_Khosrow_II.svg/375px-The_Sasanian_Empire_at_its_apex_under_Khosrow_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/The_Sasanian_Empire_at_its_apex_under_Khosrow_II.svg/500px-The_Sasanian_Empire_at_its_apex_under_Khosrow_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2474" data-file-height="1452" /></a></span><div style="font-size:90%;position:relative;top:0.3em;">Jangkauan terluas Kekaisaran pada masa kaisar <a href="/wiki/Khosrau_II" title="Khosrau II">Khosrau II</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ibu_kota" title="Ibu kota">Ibu kota</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ctesiphon" class="mw-redirect" title="Ctesiphon">Ctesiphon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Bahasa yang umum digunakan</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Persia_Pertengahan" title="Bahasa Persia Pertengahan">Bahasa Persia Pertengahan</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Agama" title="Agama">Agama</a> <div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianisme" title="Zoroastrianisme">Zoroastrianisme</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Agama_negara" title="Agama negara">agama negara</a></small>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Kristen_Nestorian" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristen Nestorian">Kristen Nestorian</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Yudaisme" title="Yudaisme">Yudaisme</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Politik_Iran" title="Politik Iran">Pemerintahan</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Monarki_absolut" title="Monarki absolut">Monarki absolut</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_kepala_monarki_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar kepala monarki Iran">Syahansyah</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 224–241 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ardashir_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Ardashir I">Ardashir I</a> <small>(pertama)</small></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 632–651 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yazdegerd_III" title="Yazdegerd III">Yazdegerd III</a> <small>(terakhir)</small></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sejarah</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Didirikan </div></th><td class="infobox-data">224 M</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Invasi <a href="/wiki/Arab" class="mw-disambig" title="Arab">Arab</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Penaklukan_Muslim" class="mw-redirect" title="Penaklukan Muslim">penaklukan Muslim</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">651 M</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Demografi_Iran" title="Demografi Iran">Penduduk</a></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 621 </div></th><td class="infobox-data">19,700,000</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">Kode ISO 3166</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:IR" title="ISO 3166-2:IR">IR</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; background: transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Didahului oleh</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Digantikan oleh</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; background: transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Parthian_Empire_248_-_224_BC.png/20px-Parthian_Empire_248_-_224_BC.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Parthian_Empire_248_-_224_BC.png/30px-Parthian_Empire_248_-_224_BC.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Parthian_Empire_248_-_224_BC.png/40px-Parthian_Empire_248_-_224_BC.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="428" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25006243">.mw-parser-output .flex-container{justify-content:center;display:flex;flex-wrap:nowrap;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .flex-container>div{margin:1px;text-align:left;justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .sk-container{display:flex;width:auto}.mw-parser-output .sk-container>div{margin:1px;text-align:center;float:none}.mw-parser-output .EX-hover:hover{background:black;color:white}.mw-parser-output .CR-hover:hover{background:red;color:black}.mw-parser-output .SE-hover:hover{background:orange;color:black}.mw-parser-output .DE-hover:hover{background:yellow;color:black}.mw-parser-output .VU-hover:hover{background:yellowgreen;color:black}.mw-parser-output .NE-hover:hover{background:silver;color:black}.mw-parser-output .EX-hover a{color:white}.mw-parser-output .EX-hover:hover{color:white}.mw-parser-output .CR-hover a{color:black}.mw-parser-output .CR-hover:hover a{color:black}.mw-parser-output .SE-hover a{color:black}.mw-parser-output .SE-hover:hover a{color:black}.mw-parser-output .DE-hover a{color:black}.mw-parser-output .DE-hover:hover a{color:black}.mw-parser-output .VU-hover a{color:black}.mw-parser-output .VU-hover:hover a{color:black}.mw-parser-output .NE-hover a{color:black}.mw-parser-output .NE-hover:hover a{color:black}.mw-parser-output .tooltip{position:relative;display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px dotted black}.mw-parser-output .tooltip .tooltiptext{visibility:hidden;width:120px;background-color:#F8F9FB;color:black;line-height:1.2;text-align:center;border-radius:3px;box-shadow:1px 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.35);padding:5px 0;position:absolute;z-index:1;top:150%;left:50%;margin-left:-60px;border:1px solid #C8CBD0;font-size:60%}.mw-parser-output .tooltip .tooltiptext::after{content:"";position:absolute;bottom:100%;left:50%;margin-left:-5px;border-width:5px;border-style:solid;font-size:60%;border-color:transparent transparent #C8CBD0 transparent}.mw-parser-output .tooltip:hover .tooltiptext{visibility:visible;z-index:900}.mw-parser-output .tooltip:hover .tooltiptext{visibility:visible;border:1px solid #C8CBD0;font-size:70%;z-index:900}.mw-parser-output .tooltip .tooltiptext{opacity:0;transition:opacity 0.15s;z-index:900}.mw-parser-output .tooltip:hover .tooltiptext{visibility:visible;opacity:1;z-index:900}</style><div class="tooltip" style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps;"><span style="color:blue">ksr</span></span></span><span class="tooltiptext">Kekaisaran</span></div><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Parthia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Parthia"> Parthia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Indo-ScythiansMap.jpg/20px-Indo-ScythiansMap.jpg" decoding="async" width="20" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Indo-ScythiansMap.jpg/30px-Indo-ScythiansMap.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Indo-ScythiansMap.jpg/40px-Indo-ScythiansMap.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1804" data-file-height="2160" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25006243"><div class="tooltip" style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps;"><span style="color:darkred">krj</span></span></span><span class="tooltiptext">Kerajaan</span></div><a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_India-Skithia" title="Kerajaan India-Skithia"> India-Skithia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Kushanmap.jpg/20px-Kushanmap.jpg" decoding="async" width="20" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Kushanmap.jpg/30px-Kushanmap.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Kushanmap.jpg/40px-Kushanmap.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1119" data-file-height="1440" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25006243"><div class="tooltip" style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps;"><span style="color:blue">ksr</span></span></span><span class="tooltiptext">Kekaisaran</span></div><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Kushan" title="Kekaisaran Kushan"> Kushan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Maps_of_the_Armenian_Empire_of_Tigranes.gif/20px-Maps_of_the_Armenian_Empire_of_Tigranes.gif" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Maps_of_the_Armenian_Empire_of_Tigranes.gif/30px-Maps_of_the_Armenian_Empire_of_Tigranes.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Maps_of_the_Armenian_Empire_of_Tigranes.gif/40px-Maps_of_the_Armenian_Empire_of_Tigranes.gif 2x" data-file-width="673" data-file-height="669" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25006243"><div class="tooltip" style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps;"><span style="color:darkred">krj</span></span></span><span class="tooltiptext">Kerajaan</span></div><a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Armenia" title="Kerajaan Armenia"> Armenia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/LakhmidsVassal.png/20px-LakhmidsVassal.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/LakhmidsVassal.png/30px-LakhmidsVassal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/LakhmidsVassal.png/40px-LakhmidsVassal.png 2x" data-file-width="819" data-file-height="599" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25006243"><a href="/wiki/Lakhmid" title="Lakhmid">Lakhmid</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; background:transparent; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25006243"><div class="tooltip" style="line-height:normal"><span style="font-size:85%;"><span class="smallcaps" style="font-variant:small-caps;"><span style="color:darkgreen">klf</span></span></span><span class="tooltiptext">Kekhalifahan</span></div><a href="/wiki/Kekhalifahan_Rasyidin" title="Kekhalifahan Rasyidin"> Rasyidin</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Sekarang bagian dari</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold; font-weight:normal; background:transparent; text-align:left;"><div>Countries today</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_Abkhazia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Abkhazia" title="Abkhazia">Abkhazia</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afghanistan</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Azerbaijan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a><sup id="cite_ref-Mojtahed-Zadeh_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mojtahed-Zadeh-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tiongkok" title="Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir">Mesir</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Georgia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Georgia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Georgia" title="Georgia">Georgia</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Yordania" title="Yordania">Yordania</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Kuwait.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kuwait.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kyrgyzstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kirgizstan" title="Kirgizstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/46px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Artsakh.svg/23px-Flag_of_Artsakh.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Artsakh.svg/35px-Flag_of_Artsakh.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_Artsakh.svg/46px-Flag_of_Artsakh.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republik_Artsakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Republik Artsakh">Nagorno-Karabakh</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/23px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/35px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Flag_of_Oman.svg/46px-Flag_of_Oman.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/46px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Negara_Palestina" class="mw-redirect" title="Negara Palestina">Palestina</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Qatar.svg/46px-Flag_of_Qatar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="550" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Rusia" title="Rusia">Rusia</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Ossetia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ossetia_Selatan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ossetia Selatan">Ossetia Selatan</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Suriah" title="Suriah">Suriah</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Tajikistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turki" title="Turki">Turki</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkmenistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uni_Emirat_Arab" title="Uni Emirat Arab">UAE</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Uzbekistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/23px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/35px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Flag_of_Yemen.svg/45px-Flag_of_Yemen.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Yaman" title="Yaman">Yaman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below mergedtoprow noprint"><div class="none" style="font-weight:normal;font-size:80%; line-height:normal;text-align:left;height:20px;padding-top:0.2em;;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;padding-top:0.1em"> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Sunting kotak info" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Infobox_country&action=edit&section=top&editintro=Templat:Infobox/editintro2"><span style="color:#3464c9"><b>Sunting kotak info</b></span></a></span> • <a href="/wiki/Templat:Infobox_country" title="Templat:Infobox country"><span style="display:inline-text;color:#3464c9">Lihat</span></a> • <a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Infobox_country" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Infobox country"><span style="color:#3464c9">Bicara</span></a><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Infobox_country/doc" title="Bantuan penggunaan templat ini"><img alt="Info templat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/10px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/15px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/20px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Bantuan penggunaan templat ini</figcaption></figure> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kekaisaran Sasani</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Persia" title="Bahasa Persia">bahasa Persia</a>: <span lang="fa"><i>دودمان ساساني, Dudmân Sâsâni</i></span>), <b>Kekaisaran Wangsa Sasan</b>, atau <b>Kekaisaran Persia Baru</b><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> adalah kekaisaran bangsa Iran yang ketiga dan <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Persia" title="Kekaisaran Persia">kekaisaran Persia</a> yang kedua. Kekaisaran Sassania merupakan Kekaisaran Persia pra-<a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> terakhir dan dipimpin oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daftar_raja_Persia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daftar raja Persia (halaman belum tersedia)">Dinasti Sassania</a> pada tahun 224 hingga 651 M.<sup id="cite_ref-wiesehofer_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wiesehofer-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kekaisaran Sassania, yang menggantikan <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Parthia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Parthia">Kekaisaran Parthia</a> atau Kekaisaran Arkasid, diakui sebagai salah satu kekuatan utama di <a href="/wiki/Asia_Barat" title="Asia Barat">Asia Barat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asia_Selatan" title="Asia Selatan">Selatan</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Asia_Tengah" title="Asia Tengah">Tengah</a>, bersama dengan <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi" title="Kekaisaran Romawi">Kekaisaran Romawi</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Bizantium" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Bizantium">Kekaisaran Bizantium</a>, dalam periode selama lebih dari 400 tahun.<sup id="cite_ref-EIr-Sasanian_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EIr-Sasanian-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Kekaisaran Sassania didirikan oleh <a href="/wiki/Ardashir_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Ardashir I">Ardashir I</a>, setelah keruntuhan Kekaisaran Parthia dan kekalahan raja Parthia terakhir, <a href="/wiki/Ardawan_IV_dari_Partia" title="Ardawan IV dari Partia">Artabanos IV</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Persia" title="Bahasa Persia">bahasa Persia</a>: اردوان, <i>Ardavan</i>); dan kekaisaran ini berakhir ketika <a href="/wiki/Syah_(gelar)" title="Syah (gelar)">Syahansyah</a> (<i>Raja Segala Raja</i>) Sasania terakhir, <a href="/wiki/Yazdegerd_III" title="Yazdegerd III">Yazdegerd III</a> (632–651), kalah dalam perjuangan selama 14 tahun untuk menyingkirkan <a href="/wiki/Kekhalifahan_Rasyidin" title="Kekhalifahan Rasyidin">kekhalifahan Islam</a> yang pertama, yaitu pendahulu dari kekaisaran-kekaisaran <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> lainnya. Wilayah kekaisaran ini meliputi wilayah yang kini menjadi <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, <a href="/wiki/Irak" title="Irak">Irak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganistan</a>, bagian timur <a href="/wiki/Turki" title="Turki">Turki</a>, dan sebagian <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suriah" title="Suriah">Suriah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaukasia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaukasia">Kaukasia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asia_Tengah" title="Asia Tengah">Asia Tengah</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabia">Arabia</a>. Selama pemerintahan <a href="/wiki/Khosrau_II" title="Khosrau II">Khosrau II</a> (590–628), <a href="/wiki/Mesir" title="Mesir">Mesir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yordania" title="Yordania">Yordania</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palestina" title="Palestina">Palestina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Libanon" class="mw-redirect" title="Libanon">Libanon</a> juga sementara waktu merupakan wilayah kekaisaran ini. </p><p>Bangsa Sassania menamakan kerajaan mereka <b>Eranshahr</b> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Eranshahr.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Eranshahr.svg/50px-Eranshahr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Eranshahr.svg/75px-Eranshahr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Eranshahr.svg/100px-Eranshahr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> (Wilayah kekuasaan bangsa <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> (<a href="/wiki/Arya" title="Arya">Arya</a>)) atau <b>Ērān</b> dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Persia_Pertengahan" title="Bahasa Persia Pertengahan">bahasa Persia Pertengahan</a>, yang menghasilkan istilah Iranshahr and Iran dalam <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Persia_Baru" title="Bahasa Persia Baru">bahasa Persia Baru</a>. Masa kekuasaan Sassania terbentang sepanjang periode <a href="/wiki/Abad_Kuno" class="mw-redirect" title="Abad Kuno">Abad Kuno Akhir</a> (bahasa Inggris: <i>Late Antiquity</i>), dan dianggap sebagai salah satu periode yang paling penting dan berpengaruh dalam sejarah Iran. Dalam banyak hal periode Sassania menyaksikan pencapaian tertinggi <a href="/wiki/Kebudayaan_Iran" title="Kebudayaan Iran">kebudayaan Persia</a>, dan melambangkan kemegahan Kekaisaran Iran terakhir sebelum <a href="/wiki/Penaklukan_Persia_oleh_Muslim" title="Penaklukan Persia oleh Muslim">penaklukan muslim</a> dan berkembangnya agama Islam. </p><p>Menurut legenda, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Veksiloid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Veksiloid (halaman belum tersedia)">veksiloid</a> Kekaisaran Sassania adalah <a href="/w/index.php?title=Derafsh_Kaviani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Derafsh Kaviani (halaman belum tersedia)">Derafsh Kaviani</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Derafš-e_Kāvīān_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Derafš-e_Kāvīān-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diduga juga bahwa peralihan menuju Kekaisaran Sassania melambangkan akhir perjuangan etnis proto-Persia melawan kerabat etnis migran dekat mereka, yakni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bangsa_Parthia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bangsa Parthia (halaman belum tersedia)">bangsa Parthia</a>, yang tempat asalnya adalah di <a href="/wiki/Asia_Tengah" title="Asia Tengah">Asia Tengah</a>. </p><p>Persia memiliki pengaruh yang cukup besar pada kebudayaan Romawi selama masa Sassania,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dan bangsa Romawi menganggap bangsa Persia Sassania sebagai satu-satunya bangsa yang berstatus sama dengan mereka. Hal ini diperlihatkan misalnya dalam surat-surat yang ditulis oleh Kaisar Romawi kepada Syahansyah Persia, yang pada alamatnya bertuliskan kata "kepada saudaraku". Pengaruh kebudayaan Sassania terbentang jauh melebihi batas-batas wilayah kekaisaran mereka, dan bahkan menjangkau sampai Europa Barat,<sup id="cite_ref-Durant_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Durant-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Afrika,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tiongkok, dan India,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> serta berperan penting dalam pembentukan seni-seni Abad Pertengahan di Eropa dan Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pengaruh tersebut terus terbawa ke masa awal perkembangan dunia Islam. Kebudayaan yang unik dan aristokratik dari dinasti ini telah mengubah penaklukan Islam atas Iran menjadi sebuah Renaisans Persia.<sup id="cite_ref-Durant_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Durant-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Banyak hal yang kemudian dikenal sebagai kebudayaan, arsitektur, dan penulisan Islam serta berbagai keahlian lainnya, diperoleh dari Sassania Persia dan kemudian disebarkan pada dunia Islam yang lebih luas.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sebagai contohnya ialah bahasa resmi Afghanistan, yaitu <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Dari" title="Bahasa Dari">Bahasa Dari</a> yang merupakan dialek dari <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Persia" title="Bahasa Persia">Bahasa Persia</a>, merupakan perkembangan dari bahasa kerajaan bangsa Sassania.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asal_mula_dan_sejarah_awal_(205–310)"><span id="Asal_mula_dan_sejarah_awal_.28205.E2.80.93310.29"></span>Asal mula dan sejarah awal (205–310)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Asal mula dan sejarah awal (205–310)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Asal mula dan sejarah awal (205–310)"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dinasti Sassania didirikan oleh <a href="/wiki/Ardashir_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Ardashir I">Ardashir I</a> (226–241), seorang keturunan kaum pendeta Dewi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anahita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anahita (halaman belum tersedia)">Anahita</a> di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Istakhr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Istakhr (halaman belum tersedia)">Istakhr</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pars&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pars (halaman belum tersedia)">Pars</a> (<a href="/wiki/Provinsi_Fars" title="Provinsi Fars">Fars</a>), yang pada awal abad ke-3 telah berhasil menjadi gubernur wilayah tersebut. Ayahnya <a href="/wiki/Babak" title="Babak">Pabag</a> (juga disebut Papak atau Babak), awalnya adalah penguasa kota kecil bernama Kheir. Ia tahun 205 berhasil menggulingkan Gocihr, raja terakhir dinasti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bazrangid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bazrangid (halaman belum tersedia)">Bazrangid</a> (yaitu penguasa lokal Pars yang merupakan sekutu dari <a href="/wiki/Parthia" class="mw-redirect" title="Parthia">Parthia</a>) dan mengangkat dirinya sendiri menjadi penguasa baru. Ibunya, Rodhagh, adalah putri dari gubernur provinsi <a href="/wiki/Persis" class="mw-disambig" title="Persis">Persis</a>. Nama dinasti ini sendiri berasal dari kakek pihak ayah Ardashir I, yaitu <a href="/wiki/Sassan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sassan">Sassan</a>, seorang pendeta besar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anahita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anahita (halaman belum tersedia)">Kuil Anahita</a>. </p><p>Usaha Pabag menguasai daerah tersebut pada awalnya luput dari perhatian kaisar dinasti Ashkâniâ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Artabanus_IV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Artabanus IV (halaman belum tersedia)">Artabanus IV</a>, yang saat itu sedang terlibat perseteruan dinasti dengan saudaranya <a href="/wiki/Vologases" class="mw-disambig" title="Vologases">Vologases</a> (Walakhsh) VI di <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>. Dengan menggunakan peluang yang tercipta karena terjadinya perseteruan tersebut, Pabag dan anak tertuanya Shapur berhasil memperluas kekuasaan mereka ke seluruh Persis. Kejadian-kejadian selanjutnya tidak begitu jelas, karena sedikitnya sumber-sumber sejarah. Meskipun demikian sesuatu hal yang pasti ialah ketika Pabag meninggal tahun 220, Ardashir yang ketika itu adalah gubernur <a href="/w/index.php?title=Darabgird&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Darabgird (halaman belum tersedia)">Darabgird</a> terlibat dalam perebutan kekuasaan melawan kakaknya Shapur. Sumber-sumber sejarah menceritakan bahwa tahun <a href="/wiki/222" title="222">222</a>, Shapur yang akan berangkat untuk menemui saudaranya tewas ketika atap sebuah bangunan runtuh menimpanya.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ardashir kemudian memindahkan pusat kekuasaannya lebih jauh lagi ke selatan Persis, dan mendirikan ibukotanya di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Firouzabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Firouzabad (halaman belum tersedia)">Ardashir-Khwarrah</a> (dahulunya adalah <i>Gur</i>, saat ini adalah kota <a href="/w/index.php?title=Firouzabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Firouzabad (halaman belum tersedia)">Firouzabad</a>). Kota ini, yang dikelilingi oleh pegunungan tinggi dan mudah dipertahanan melalui jalur-jalur tebing sempitnya, menjadi pusat dari berbagai usaha Ardashir dalam mengembangkan kekuasaannya. Kota ini dikelilingi oleh tembok kota yang tinggi dan melingkar, kemungkinan ditiru dari Darabgird, dan di bagian utara terdapat istana besar yang sisa-sisa bangunannya sekarang pun masih dapat dilihat. </p><p>Setelah membangun kekuasaannya atas Persis, Ardashir I dengan cepat meluaskan wilayahnya, menuntut <a href="/wiki/Upeti" title="Upeti">upeti</a> dari para penguasa lokal Fars, dan berhasil memperoleh kendali atas provinsi-provinsi sekitarnya yaitu <a href="/wiki/Kerman_(Provinsi)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerman (Provinsi)">Kerman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Provinsi_Isfahan" title="Provinsi Isfahan">Isfahan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Susa" class="mw-disambig" title="Susa">Susiana</a>, dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mesene&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mesene (halaman belum tersedia)">Mesene</a>. Perluasan kekuasaan ini segera saja menarik perhatian <a href="/w/index.php?title=Artabanus_IV&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Artabanus IV (halaman belum tersedia)">Artabanus IV</a> (216–224), yaitu penguasa atasan (<i>overlord</i>) Ardashir I. Artabanus IV awalnya memerintahkan gubernur Khuzestan untuk menyerang Ardashir pada tahun 224, akan tetapi ini berakhir dengan kemenangan besar bagi Ardashir. Artabanus sendiri akhirnya memimpin penyerangan kedua atas Ardashir I pada tahun 224. Pasukan keduanya bertempur di Hormizdeghan, dan Artabanus IV tewas terbunuh. Ardashir I terus melanjutkan menyerang provinsi-provinsi sebelah barat Kekaisaran <a href="/wiki/Parthia" class="mw-redirect" title="Parthia">Parthia</a> (Ashkâniâ) yang telah tumbang itu. Tahun 226, Ardashir I dimahkotai di <a href="/wiki/Ctesiphon" class="mw-redirect" title="Ctesiphon">Ctesiphon</a> sebagai penguasa tunggal Persia, mengambil gelar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Syahansyah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Syahansyah (halaman belum tersedia)">Syahansyah</a>, atau "Raja Segala Raja" (berbagai prasasti juga menyebutkan tokoh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adhur-Anahid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adhur-Anahid (halaman belum tersedia)">Adhur-Anahid</a> sebagai "Ratu Segala Ratu", tetapi hubungannya dengan Ardashir belum dapat dipastikan). Dengan demikian, berakhirlah Kekaisaran Parthia yang telah berumur 400 tahun dan dimulailah pemerintahan Sassania yang akan berlangsung selama empat abad. </p><p>Dalam beberapa tahun selanjutnya, dan setelah melalui pemberontakan lokal di beberapa tempat, Ardashir I melanjutkan meluaskan kekaisaran barunya tersebut ke arah timur dan barat laut. Ia menaklukkan provinsi-provinsi <a href="/wiki/Provinsi_Sistan_dan_Baluchestan" title="Provinsi Sistan dan Baluchestan">Sistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Provinsi_Golest%C4%81n" class="mw-redirect" title="Provinsi Golestān">Gorgan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khorasan" class="mw-disambig" title="Khorasan">Khorasan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Merv" class="mw-redirect" title="Merv">Margiana</a> (sekarang di <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a>), <a href="/wiki/Balkh" title="Balkh">Balkh</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Khwarezmia" title="Khwarezmia">Khwarezmi</a>. Ia juga berhasil menaklukkan <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Mosul" title="Mosul">Mosul</a> ke dalam kekuasaan Sassania. Prasasti-prasasti Sassania terkemudian juga mengklaim menyerahnya para raja <a href="/wiki/Kushan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kushan">Kushan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turan" title="Turan">Turan</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Makran" title="Makran">Mekran</a> kepada Ardashir, meskipun bila dilihat dari bukti numismatik, lebih mungkin bahwa mereka menyerah kepada anak Ardashir, yaitu <a href="/wiki/Shapur_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Shapur I">Shapur I</a>. Di sisi lain, penyerangan-penyerangan Ardashir ke arah barat terhadap <a href="/wiki/Hatra" title="Hatra">Hatra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia">Armenia</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Adiabene" title="Adiabene">Adiabene</a> tidaklah terlalu berhasil. Tahun 230, ia menyerbu jauh ke dalam wilayah kekuasaan Romawi, dan serangan balasan Romawi dua tahun kemudian berakhir tanpa kemenangan yang jelas. </p><p>Putra Ardashir I, <a href="/wiki/Shapur_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Shapur I">Shapur I</a> (241–272), melanjutkan ekspansi kekaisaran dengan menaklukkan <a href="/wiki/Baktria" title="Baktria">Baktria</a> dan bagian barat dari <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Kushan" title="Kekaisaran Kushan">Kekaisaran Kushan</a>, serta melakukan beberapa penyerangan terhadap <a href="/wiki/Romawi" class="mw-disambig" title="Romawi">Romawi</a>. Ketika menyerbu bagian Mesopotamia yang dikuasai Romawi, Shapur I berhasil merebut <a href="/wiki/Harran" title="Harran">Carrhae</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Nisibis" class="mw-redirect" title="Nisibis">Nisibis</a>, akan tetapi jenderal Romawi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timesitheus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timesitheus (halaman belum tersedia)">Timesitheus</a> tahun 243 mengalahkan tentara Persia di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pertempuran_Resaena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pertempuran Resaena (halaman belum tersedia)">Rhesaina</a> dan memperoleh kembali wilayah-wilayah yang hilang. Kaisar Romawi <a href="/wiki/Gordian_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Gordian III">Gordian III</a> (238–244) yang selanjutnya bergerak untuk menguasai hilir sungai Eufrat berhasil dikalahkan di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pertempuran_Misiche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pertempuran Misiche (halaman belum tersedia)">Meshike</a> (244), menyebabkan Gordian dibunuh oleh pasukannya sendiri; dan Shapur berhasil memperoleh perjanjian perdamaian dengan kondisi yang sangat menguntungkan dari kaisar baru Romawi <a href="/wiki/Philip_Si_Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip Si Arab">Philip Si Arab</a> (244–249). Shapur mendapatkan pembayaran sebesar 500.000 <i>denari</i> beserta pembayaran bulanan selanjutnya. Shapur segera saja melanjutkan perang dan mengalahkan tentara Romawi pada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pertempuran_Barbalissos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pertempuran Barbalissos (halaman belum tersedia)">Barbalissos</a> (252), kemudian menyerbu Syria dan menaklukkan <a href="/wiki/Antiokhia" title="Antiokhia">Antiokhia</a> (253 atau 256). Serangan balasan Romawi di bawah Kaisar <a href="/w/index.php?title=Valerian_(emperor)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valerian (emperor) (halaman belum tersedia)">Valerian</a> (253–260) berakhir dengan kehancuran, saat pasukan Romawi dikalahkan dan dikepung pada <a href="/wiki/Pertempuran_Edessa" title="Pertempuran Edessa">Edessa</a> dan Valerian secara licik ditangkap oleh Shapur pada perundingan perdamaian, dan menjadi tawanan Shapur sepanjang hidupnya. Shapur I merayakan kemenangannya dan keberhasilan luar biasanya menangkap seorang kaisar Romawi dengan relief-relief batu di <a href="/wiki/Naqsh-e_Rostam" class="mw-redirect" title="Naqsh-e Rostam">Naqsh-e Rostam</a> dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bishapur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bishapur (halaman belum tersedia)">Bishapur</a>, serta prasasti monumental dalam bahasa Persia dan Yunani di daerah sekitar <a href="/wiki/Persepolis" title="Persepolis">Persepolis</a>. Ia terus saja berusaha melanjutkan kesuksesannya dengan bergerak menuju Anatolia (260), akan tetapi berakhir dengan kemundurannya yang berantakan karena kekalahannya di tangan tentara Romawi dan sekutunya <a href="/wiki/Palmyra" class="mw-redirect" title="Palmyra">Palmyra</a>, yang dipimpin oleh <a href="/wiki/Odaenathus" title="Odaenathus">Odaenathus</a>. Selir-selir Shapur tertangkap, serta seluruh wilayah Romawi yang sebelumnya dikuasainya juga terlepas kembali. </p><p>Shapur I melaksanakan berbagai rencana pembangunan secara intensif. Ia mendirikan banyak kota, yang sebagian penduduknya adalah imigran yang berasal dari berbagai wilayah Romawi. Di antara para imigran terdapat kaum Kristen, yang memperoleh kebebasan menjalankan ajaran agamanya di bawah pemerintahan Sassania. Dua kota, yaitu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bishapur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bishapur (halaman belum tersedia)">Bishapur</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Nishapur" class="mw-redirect" title="Nishapur">Nishapur</a> dinamakan berdasarkan namanya. Shapur I secara khusus mendukung <a href="/wiki/Manikheisme" class="mw-redirect" title="Manikheisme">Manikheisme</a>. Ia melindungi <a href="/wiki/Mani_(nabi)" title="Mani (nabi)">Mani</a> (yang mendedikasikan salah satu kitabnya, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Shabuhragan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shabuhragan (halaman belum tersedia)">Shabuhragan</a>, untuk Shapur I) dan mengirimkan banyak misionaris Manikheisme sampai ke luar wilayahnya. Shapur I juga menjalin persahabatan dengan rabbi Babilonia yang bernama <a href="/w/index.php?title=Samuel_dari_Nehardea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Samuel dari Nehardea (halaman belum tersedia)">Shmuel</a>. Persahabatan ini menyebabkan komunitas Yahudi setempat memperoleh sedikit kelonggaran dari penerapan berbagai hukum yang menekan, yang dikenakan kepada mereka. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Coin_of_Hormizd_I_Kushanshah,_British_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Coin_of_Hormizd_I_Kushanshah%2C_British_Museum.jpg/200px-Coin_of_Hormizd_I_Kushanshah%2C_British_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Coin_of_Hormizd_I_Kushanshah%2C_British_Museum.jpg/300px-Coin_of_Hormizd_I_Kushanshah%2C_British_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Coin_of_Hormizd_I_Kushanshah%2C_British_Museum.jpg/400px-Coin_of_Hormizd_I_Kushanshah%2C_British_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2147" data-file-height="2176" /></a><figcaption>Koin dari <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hormizd_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hormizd I (halaman belum tersedia)">Hormizd I</a>, dikeluarkan di <a href="/wiki/Afganistan" title="Afganistan">Afganistan</a>, dibuat berdasarkan desain <a href="/wiki/Kushan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kushan">Kushan</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Raja-raja selanjutnya menerapkan kebijakan yang berkebalikan dari Shapur I mengenai toleransi agama. Penerus Shapur I, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahram_I&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahram I (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahram I</a> (273–276) menghukum Mani dan para pengikutnya berdasarkan desakan dari pendeta <a href="/wiki/Magi" class="mw-redirect" title="Magi">Magi</a> Zoroaster. Bahram I memenjarakan Mani dan memerintahkan untuk membunuhnya. Menurut sebuah legenda, Mani meninggal di penjara ketika sedang menunggu eksekusinya,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sedangkan menurut cerita lainnya ia disiksa dan dipenggal.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Selanjutnya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahram_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahram II (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahram II</a> (276–293) meneruskan kebijakan ayahnya dalam masalah agama. Pada masa pemerintahannya, ibukota Sassania <a href="/wiki/Ctesiphon" class="mw-redirect" title="Ctesiphon">Ctesiphon</a> mengalami penghancuran oleh Romawi, yaitu di bawah pimpinan kaisar Romawi <a href="/wiki/Carus" title="Carus">Carus</a> (282–283). Demikian pula sebagian besar wilayah Armenia, yang selama setengah abad berada dalam penguasaan Persia, pada masa pemerintahannya diserahkan kepada <a href="/wiki/Diocletian" class="mw-redirect" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a> (284–305).<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bahram_III&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bahram III (halaman belum tersedia)">Bahram III</a> hanya memerintah secara singkat (293), dan penerusnya <a href="/wiki/Narseh" title="Narseh">Narseh</a> (293–302) kemudian kembali mengobarkan pertempuran terhadap Romawi. Setelah mengalami kesuksesan awal terhadap Kaisar <a href="/wiki/Galerius" title="Galerius">Galerius</a> (293–305 sebagai Caesar, 305–311 sebagai Augustus) pada pertempuran di dekat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Callinicum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Callinicum (halaman belum tersedia)">Callinicum</a> di Sungai <a href="/wiki/Efrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Efrat">Efrat</a> tahun 296, Narseh secara meyakinkan berhasil dikalahkan dalam penyergapan ketika ia sedang bersama haremnya di Armenia tahun 297. Dalam perjanjian yang mengakhiri perang ini, Sassania setuju menyerahkan lima provinsi di sebelah timur Sungai Tigris dan bersedia untuk tidak mencampuri urusan dalam negeri Armenia dan Georgia.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Setelah kekalahan yang menghancurkan ini, Narseh mengundurkan diri tahun 301 dan meninggal dalam kesedihan setahun kemudian. Putra Narseh, <a href="/wiki/Hormizd_II" title="Hormizd II">Hormizd II</a> (302–309), kemudian naik tahta. Meskipun ia berhasil menekan pemberontakan di Sistan dan Kushan, Hormizd II juga seorang penguasa yang lemah, dan ia tidak mampu mengontrol para bangsawan. Ia terbunuh oleh serangan suku Badui ketika sedang berburu pada tahun 309. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Catatan">Catatan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Catatan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekaisaran_Sasaniyah&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Catatan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2" style=""> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wiesehofer-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-wiesehofer_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-wiesehofer_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">(<a href="#CITEREFWiesehofer1996">Wiesehofer 1996</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Africa and the Middle East</i>, Vol.1, Ed. Jamie Stokes, (Infobase Publishing, 2009), 601.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mojtahed-Zadeh-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mojtahed-Zadeh_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Security and Territoriality in the Persian Gulf: A Maritime Political Geography</i> by Pirouz Mojtahed-Zadeh, page 119</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Fattah, Hala Mundhir (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/briefhistoryofir0000fatt"><i>A Brief History Of Iraq</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Infobase_Publishing" title="Infobase Publishing">Infobase Publishing</a>. hlm. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/briefhistoryofir0000fatt/page/49">49</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-8160-5767-2" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-8160-5767-2">978-0-8160-5767-2</a>. <q>Para sejarawan juga telah menyebut Kekaisaran Wangsa Sasan sebagai Kekaisaran Persia Baru</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+Of+Iraq&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=Infobase+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-8160-5767-2&rft.aulast=Fattah&rft.aufirst=Hala+Mundhir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbriefhistoryofir0000fatt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKekaisaran+Sasaniyah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071011165840/http://cultureofiran.com/b_history.php">"A Brief History"</a>. <i>Culture of Iran</i>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cultureofiran.com/b_history.php">versi asli</a> tanggal 2007-10-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Culture+of+Iran&rft.atitle=A+Brief+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cultureofiran.com%2Fb_history.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKekaisaran+Sasaniyah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EIr-Sasanian-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EIr-Sasanian_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(<a href="#CITEREFShapur_Shahbazi2005">Shapur Shahbazi 2005</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Derafš-e_Kāvīān-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Derafš-e_Kāvīān_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Khaleghi-Motlagh, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/derafs-e-kavian-">Derafš-e Kāvīān</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J. B. Bury, p. 109.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Durant-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Durant_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Durant_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Durant.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.transoxiana.com.ar/0104/sasanians.html">Transoxiana 04: Sasanians in Africa</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sarfaraz, pp. 329–330</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.artarena.force9.co.uk/sass2.htm">Iransaga: The art of Sassanians</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zarinkoob, p. 305.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070809011903/http://www.afghan-web.com/language/farsidari.html">"Salinan arsip"</a>. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.afghan-web.com/language/farsidari.html">versi asli</a> tanggal 2007-08-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">2007-11-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Salinan+arsip&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.afghan-web.com%2Flanguage%2Ffarsidari.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AKekaisaran+Sasaniyah" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zarinkoob, p. 194–198.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zarinkoob, p. 197.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Mify narodov mira II</i>. Mani. p.103. 1980</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zarinkoob, p. 199.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zarinkoob, p. 200.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23782733">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox 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style="width:1%">Imperium kuno</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Akkadia" title="Kekaisaran Akkadia">Akkadia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Baru_Mesir" title="Kerajaan Baru Mesir">Mesir</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Asiria_Baru" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Asiria Baru">Asiria</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Babilonia_Baru" title="Kekaisaran Babilonia Baru">Babilonia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Aksum" title="Kekaisaran Aksum">Aksum</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Het" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Het">Het</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Persia" title="Kekaisaran Persia">Persia</a> <small> (<a href="/wiki/Bangsa_Mede" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangsa Mede">Media</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Akhemeniyah" title="Kekaisaran Akhemeniyah">Akhemeniyah</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Parthia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Parthia">Parthia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sasaniyah</a>) <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"></span></small> <a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Makedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Makedonia">Makedonia</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Ptolemaik" title="Kerajaan Ptolemaik">Ptolemaik</a> <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Seleukia" title="Kekaisaran Seleukia">Seleukia</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kartago_Kuno" title="Kartago Kuno">Kartago</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_India" title="Sejarah India">India</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Nanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Nanda">Nanda</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Maurya" title="Kekaisaran Maurya">Maurya</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Sunga" title="Kekaisaran Sunga">Sunga</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Satavahana" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinasti Satavahana">Satavahana</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Kushan" title="Kekaisaran Kushan">Kushan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kemaharajaan_Gupta" title="Kemaharajaan Gupta">Gupta</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Harsha" title="Harsha">Harsha</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Tiongkok" title="Sejarah Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Qin" title="Dinasti Qin">Qin</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Han" title="Dinasti Han">Han</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Jin_(265-420)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinasti Jin (265-420)">Jin</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi" title="Kekaisaran Romawi">Romawi</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi_Barat" title="Kekaisaran Romawi Barat">Romawi Barat</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi_Timur" title="Kekaisaran Romawi Timur">Romawi Timur</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekhaganan_Rouran" title="Kekhaganan Rouran">Nirun</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Imperium abad pertengahan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Ayyubiyah" title="Dinasti Ayyubiyah">Ayyubiyyah</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi_Timur" title="Kekaisaran Romawi Timur">Byzantium</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Hun" title="Kekaisaran Hun">Hun</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kt%C3%BCrk" title="Göktürk">Turk</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Kekhanan_Turk" title="Kekhanan Turk">Turk</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kekhanan_Turk_Timur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kekhanan Turk Timur (halaman belum tersedia)">Timur</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekhanan_Turk_Barat" title="Kekhanan Turk Barat">Barat</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Khilafah" title="Khilafah">Arab</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Kekhalifahan_Rasyidin" title="Kekhalifahan Rasyidin">Rasyidin</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekhalifahan_Umayyah" title="Kekhalifahan Umayyah">Umayyah</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekhalifahan_Abbasiyah" title="Kekhalifahan Abbasiyah">Abbasiyah</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekhalifahan_Fathimiyah" title="Kekhalifahan Fathimiyah">Fathimiyah</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekhalifahan_Kordoba" title="Kekhalifahan Kordoba">Kordoba</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_Maroko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah Maroko (halaman belum tersedia)">Maroko</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Idrisiyyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Idrisiyyah">Idrisiyah</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Murabithun" title="Murabithun">Murabithun</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Muwahhidun" title="Muwahhidun">Muwahhidun</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Banu_Marin" title="Banu Marin">Mariniyah</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_India" title="Sejarah India">India</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Pala" title="Dinasti Pala">Pala</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Chola" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinasti Chola">Chola</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Delhi" title="Kesultanan Delhi">Delhi</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kemaharajaan_Wijayanagara" title="Kemaharajaan Wijayanagara">Wijayanagara</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Iran" title="Sejarah Iran">Persia</a> <small>(<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinasti_Tahiriyah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dinasti Tahiriyah (halaman belum tersedia)">Tahiriyah</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Samaniyah" title="Dinasti Samaniyah">Samaniyah</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Buwayhiyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Dinasti Buwayhiyah">Buwayhiyah</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Saffariyah" title="Dinasti Saffariyah">Saffariyah</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dinasti_Ziyariyah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dinasti Ziyariyah (halaman belum tersedia)">Ziyariyah</a>) <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"></span></small> <a href="/wiki/Ghaznawiyah" title="Ghaznawiyah">Ghaznawiyah</a> <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Benin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Benin">Benin</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Seljuk_Raya" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Seljuk Raya">Seljuk</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Oyo" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Oyo">Oyo</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Bornu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Bornu">Bornu</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Khwarezmia" title="Kekaisaran Khwarezmia">Khwarezmia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Timuriyah" title="Kekaisaran Timuriyah">Timuriyah</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Mongolia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Mongolia">Mongol</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Yuan" title="Dinasti Yuan">Yuan</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ulus_Jochi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulus Jochi">Jochi</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekhanan_Chagatai" title="Kekhanan Chagatai">Chagatai</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ilkhanat" title="Ilkhanat">Kekhanan Il</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Kanem" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Kanem">Kanem</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Serbia" title="Kekaisaran Serbia">Serbia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Songhai" title="Kekaisaran Songhai">Songhai</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Khmer" title="Kerajaan Khmer">Khmer</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Bulgaria" title="Kekaisaran Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Karoling" title="Kekaisaran Karoling">Karoling</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Romawi_Suci" title="Kekaisaran Romawi Suci">Romawi Suci</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Angevin" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Angevin">Angevin</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Mali" title="Kekaisaran Mali">Mali</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Tiongkok" title="Sejarah Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Sui" title="Dinasti Sui">Sui</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Tang" title="Dinasti Tang">Tang</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Song" title="Dinasti Song">Song</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Yuan" title="Dinasti Yuan">Yuan</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Tibet" title="Kekaisaran Tibet">Tibet</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekhanan_Uighur" title="Kekhanan Uighur">Uighur</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Ghana" title="Kekaisaran Ghana">Ghana</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Persekutuan_Tiga_Kaum_Aztek" title="Persekutuan Tiga Kaum Aztek">Aztek</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Inka" title="Kerajaan Inka">Inka</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sriwijaya" title="Sriwijaya">Sriwijaya</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Majapahit" title="Majapahit">Majapahit</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Ethiopia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Zagwe" title="Dinasti Zagwe">Zagwe</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Salomo" title="Dinasti Salomo">Salomo</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Aceh" title="Kesultanan Aceh">Aceh</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Brunei" title="Kekaisaran Brunei">Brunei</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Vietnam" title="Sejarah Vietnam">Vietnam</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Dai_Viet" title="Dai Viet">Dai Viet</a></small>) <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Imperium_Tu%CA%BBi_Tonga" title="Imperium Tuʻi Tonga">Tonga</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Melaka" title="Kesultanan Melaka">Melaka</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Demak" title="Kesultanan Demak">Demak</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Mamluk_(Kairo)" title="Kesultanan Mamluk (Kairo)">Mamluk Mesir</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Republik_Venesia" title="Republik Venesia">Venesia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Georgia" title="Kerajaan Georgia">Georgia</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Imperium modern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Durrani" title="Kekaisaran Durrani">Afghan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_India" title="Sejarah India">India</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Kemaharajaan_Mughal" class="mw-redirect" title="Kemaharajaan Mughal">Mughal</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Maratha" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Maratha">Maratha</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kemaharajaan_Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Kemaharajaan Sikh">Sikh</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Mysore" title="Kerajaan Mysore">Mysore</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Tiongkok" title="Sejarah Tiongkok">Tiongkok</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Ming" title="Dinasti Ming">Ming</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Qing" title="Dinasti Qing">Qing</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Tiongkok_(1915%E2%80%931916)" title="Kekaisaran Tiongkok (1915–1916)">Tiongkok</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Manchukuo" title="Manchukuo">Manchukuo</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Ternate" title="Kesultanan Ternate">Ternate</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Vietnam" title="Sejarah Vietnam">Vietnam</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Nguyen" title="Dinasti Nguyen">Dai Nam</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Vietnam" title="Kekaisaran Vietnam">Vietnam</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Utsmaniyah" title="Kesultanan Utsmaniyah">Utsmaniyah</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Iran" title="Sejarah Iran">Persia</a> <small> (<a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Safawiyah" title="Dinasti Safawiyah">Safawiyah</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Afshariyah" title="Dinasti Afshariyah">Afshariyah</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Zand" title="Dinasti Zand">Zand</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Qajar" title="Dinasti Qajar">Qajar</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Pahlavi" title="Dinasti Pahlavi">Pahlavi</a>) <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"></span></small><a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Cirebon" title="Kesultanan Cirebon">Cirebon</a> <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Oman" title="Kekaisaran Oman">Oman</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Johor" title="Kesultanan Johor">Johor</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Ethiopia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sejarah_Uzbekistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sejarah Uzbekistan (halaman belum tersedia)">Uzbek</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Kekhanan_Uzbek" title="Kekhanan Uzbek">Uzbek</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekhanan_Bukhara" title="Kekhanan Bukhara">Bukhara</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Syarifiyah_Maroko" title="Kekaisaran Syarifiyah Maroko">Maroko</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Saadi" title="Dinasti Saadi">Saadi</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dinasti_Alawi" title="Dinasti Alawi">Alaouite</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Afrika_Tengah" title="Kekaisaran Afrika Tengah">Afrika Tengah</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Imperium_Portugis" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperium Portugis">Portugis</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Imperium_Spanyol" title="Imperium Spanyol">Spanyol</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Uni_Iberia" title="Uni Iberia">Iberia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Imperium_Belanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperium Belanda">Belanda</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Imperium_Britania" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperium Britania">Britania</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Banten" title="Kesultanan Banten">Banten</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kesultanan_Mataram" title="Kesultanan Mataram">Mataram</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Prancis" title="Sejarah Prancis">Prancis</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Prancis_Pertama" title="Kekaisaran Prancis Pertama">Napoleon Prancis</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Imperium_kolonial_Prancis" title="Imperium kolonial Prancis">Kolonial Prancis</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Austria" title="Kekaisaran Austria">Austria</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Jerman" title="Kekaisaran Jerman">Jerman</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Imperium_kolonial_Jerman" title="Imperium kolonial Jerman">Kolonial Jerman</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jerman_Nazi" title="Jerman Nazi">Jerman Nazi</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Rusia" title="Kekaisaran Rusia">Rusia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Swedia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Swedia">Swedia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungaria" title="Austria-Hungaria">Austria-Hungaria</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Brasil" title="Kekaisaran Brasil">Brasil</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Meksiko" title="Sejarah Meksiko">Meksiko</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Meksiko_Pertama" title="Kekaisaran Meksiko Pertama">Pertama</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Meksiko_Kedua" title="Kekaisaran Meksiko Kedua">Kedua</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Haiti" title="Sejarah Haiti">Haiti</a> (<small><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Haiti_Pertama" title="Kekaisaran Haiti Pertama">Pertama</a> <b>·</b></small></span><small> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Haiti_Kedua" title="Kekaisaran Haiti Kedua">Kedua</a></span></small>) <b>·</b> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Imperium_Italia" title="Imperium Italia">Kolonial Italia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Imperium_kolonial_Belgia" title="Imperium kolonial Belgia">Kolonial Belgia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imperium_kolonial_Denmark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imperium kolonial Denmark (halaman belum tersedia)">Kolonial Denmark</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Norwegia" title="Denmark–Norwegia">Kolonial Norwegia</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Korea" title="Kekaisaran Korea">Korea</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kekaisaran_Jepang" class="mw-redirect" title="Kekaisaran Jepang">Jepang</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Imperium Adidaya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_imperium_terbesar" title="Daftar imperium terbesar">Imperium terbesar</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_Kekuatan_Besar_kuno" title="Daftar Kekuatan Besar kuno">Kekuatan Besar kuno</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_Kekuatan_Besar_abad_pertengahan" title="Daftar Kekuatan Besar abad pertengahan">Kekuatan Besar abad pertengahan</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_Kekuatan_Besar_modern" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar Kekuatan Besar modern">Kekuatan Besar modern</a> <b>·</b></span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Imperium_kolonial" title="Imperium kolonial">Imperium kolonial</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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