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</ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sitio"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contidos" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contidos</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mover á barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">agochar</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inicio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Formas_de_interpretación_das_leis_(escritas)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Formas_de_interpretación_das_leis_(escritas)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Formas de interpretación das leis (escritas)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Formas_de_interpretación_das_leis_(escritas)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Principio_da_publicidade_da_lei" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principio_da_publicidade_da_lei"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Principio da publicidade da lei</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principio_da_publicidade_da_lei-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vixencia_e_revogación_dunha_lei" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vixencia_e_revogación_dunha_lei"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vixencia e revogación dunha lei</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vixencia_e_revogación_dunha_lei-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Xerarquía_de_leis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Xerarquía_de_leis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Xerarquía de leis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Xerarquía_de_leis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Táboa de contidos" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostrar ou agochar a táboa de contidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lei</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artigo noutra lingua. Dispoñible en 88 linguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-88" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">88 linguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lei" title="Lei – aragonés" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Lei" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A3%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A" title="نظام أساسي – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نظام أساسي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%89" title="نظام اساسى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نظام اساسى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llei" title="Llei – asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llei" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamachi" title="Kamachi – aimará" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Kamachi" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aimará" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qanun" title="Qanun – acerbaixano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Qanun" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="acerbaixano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gsetz" title="Gsetz – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Gsetz" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%AAstat%C4%ABms" title="Īstatīms – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Īstatīms" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0)" title="Закон (права) – belaruso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Закон (права)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belaruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0)" title="Закон (права) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Закон (права)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Закон – búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Закон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BF" title="সংবিধি – bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সংবিধি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leghje" title="Leghje – corso" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Leghje" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="corso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1kon" title="Zákon – checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Zákon" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%99stawa" title="Ùstawa – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Ùstawa" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lov_(jura)" title="Lov (jura) – dinamarqués" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lov (jura)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarqués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gesetz" title="Gesetz – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gesetz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statute" title="Statute – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Statute" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%C4%9Do_(juro)" title="Leĝo (juro) – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Leĝo (juro)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ley" title="Ley – español" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ley" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="español" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seadus" title="Seadus – estoniano" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Seadus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estoniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lege" title="Lege – éuscaro" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lege" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="éuscaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lei" title="Lei – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Lei" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%88%D9%82_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%87" title="حقوق نوشته – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حقوق نوشته" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A4%C3%A4d%C3%B6s" title="Säädös – finés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Säädös" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B3g" title="Lóg – feroés" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Lóg" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loi" title="Loi – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Loi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%AA" title="Lê – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Lê" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wet" title="Wet – frisón occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Wet" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisón occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reacht" title="Reacht – irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Reacht" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lalwa" title="Lalwa – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lalwa" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teko_me%27%E1%BA%BD" title="Teko me'ẽ – guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Teko me'ẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slattys" title="Slattys – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Slattys" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="अधिनियम – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अधिनियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zakon" title="Zakon – croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Zakon" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jogszab%C3%A1ly" title="Jogszabály – húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jogszabály" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lege" title="Lege – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Lege" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lego" title="Lego – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Lego" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B6g" title="Lög – islandés" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lög" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legge_(diritto)" title="Legge (diritto) – italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Legge (diritto)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%BE%8B" title="法律 – xaponés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="法律" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="xaponés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98)" title="კანონი (ნორმატიული აქტი) – xeorxiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კანონი (ნორმატიული აქტი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="xeorxiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C9%A3t%CA%8A_(Loi)" title="Paɣtʊ (Loi) – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Paɣtʊ (Loi)" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D2%A3_(%D2%9B%D2%B1%D2%9B%D1%8B%D2%9B%D1%82%D0%B0)" title="Заң (құқықта) – kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Заң (құқықта)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%95%EB%A5%A0" title="법률 – coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="법률" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat%C3%BB" title="Statû – kurdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Statû" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC_(%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BA)" title="Мыйзам (укук) – kirguiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мыйзам (укук)" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirguiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lex" title="Lex – latín" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lex" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latín" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gesetz" title="Gesetz – luxemburgués" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Gesetz" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lege" title="Lege – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Lege" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesg_(dirit)" title="Lesg (dirit) – lombardo" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lesg (dirit)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mob%C3%A9ko" title="Mobéko – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Mobéko" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%AEstatymas" title="Įstatymas – lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Įstatymas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likums" title="Likums – letón" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Likums" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lal%C3%A0na" title="Lalàna – malgaxe" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Lalàna" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaxe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Хууль – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Хууль" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statut" title="Statut – malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Statut" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Масторкой – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Масторкой" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gesett" title="Gesett – baixo alemán" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Gesett" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="baixo alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wet" title="Wet – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wet" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lov" title="Lov – noruegués nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Lov" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruegués nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lov_(jus)" title="Lov (jus) – noruegués bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lov (jus)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruegués bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lei" title="Lei – occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lei" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lei" title="Lei – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Lei" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ley" title="Ley – papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Ley" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ustawa" title="Ustawa – polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ustawa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86" title="قانون – paxto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="قانون" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paxto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lei" title="Lei – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lei" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamachi" title="Kamachi – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kamachi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lege" title="Lege – romanés" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Lege" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE)" title="Закон (право) – ruso" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Закон (право)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8C%D0%B0%D2%BB%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Дьаһах – iacuto" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Дьаһах" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="iacuto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lege_(deretu)" title="Lege (deretu) – sardo" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Lege (deretu)" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statute" title="Statute – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Statute" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C3%A1kon_(pr%C3%A1vo)" title="Zákon (právo) – eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Zákon (právo)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zakon" title="Zakon – esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Zakon" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%83%D1%82" title="Статут – serbio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Статут" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lag" title="Lag – sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lag" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Қонун – taxico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Қонун" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="taxico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%8E%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2" title="บทกฎหมาย – tailandés" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บทกฎหมาย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanun" title="Kanun – turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kanun" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD_(%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BE)" title="Закон (право) – ucraíno" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Закон (право)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraíno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%DB%81" title="دستور مدونہ – urdú" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دستور مدونہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdú" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qonun_(huquq)" title="Qonun (huquq) – uzbeko" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Qonun (huquq)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1o_lu%E1%BA%ADt" title="Đạo luật – vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đạo luật" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%A7%84" title="法规 – chinés wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="法规" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chinés wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98)" title="კანონი (ნორმატიული აქტი) – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კანონი (ნორმატიული აქტი)" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%A6%8F" title="法規 – chinés" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="法規" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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class="noprint">Na Galipedia, a Wikipedia en galego.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="gl" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Loi_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_concernant_la_propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9_litt%C3%A9raire_et_artistique_du_23_avril_1883.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Loi_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_concernant_la_propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9_litt%C3%A9raire_et_artistique_du_23_avril_1883.pdf/page1-220px-Loi_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_concernant_la_propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9_litt%C3%A9raire_et_artistique_du_23_avril_1883.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="337" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Loi_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_concernant_la_propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9_litt%C3%A9raire_et_artistique_du_23_avril_1883.pdf/page1-330px-Loi_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_concernant_la_propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9_litt%C3%A9raire_et_artistique_du_23_avril_1883.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Loi_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_concernant_la_propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9_litt%C3%A9raire_et_artistique_du_23_avril_1883.pdf/page1-440px-Loi_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9rale_concernant_la_propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9_litt%C3%A9raire_et_artistique_du_23_avril_1883.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="766" data-file-height="1172" /></a><figcaption><i>Lei federal sobre a propiedade literaria e artística</i> de <a href="/wiki/Su%C3%ADza" title="Suíza">Suíza</a> de <a href="/wiki/1883" title="1883">1883</a> publicada no diario oficial.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Lei</b>, no sentido xurídico, é unha regra da conduta humana que é imposta e administrada ós cidadáns polo Estado. En sentido estrito, é unha <a href="/wiki/Norma_xur%C3%ADdica" title="Norma xurídica">norma</a> escrita que obriga a todos indistintamente, e a súa aplicación é tarefa do <a href="/wiki/Estado" title="Estado">Estado</a>, que a realiza mediante os seus diversos representantes, a comezar polo <a href="/wiki/Goberno" title="Goberno">goberno</a>, cos seus varios axentes. Nun Estado <a href="/wiki/Democracia" title="Democracia">democrático</a> de dereito, as leis son a base do <a href="/wiki/Dereito" title="Dereito">Dereito</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Formas_de_interpretación_das_leis_(escritas)"><span id="Formas_de_interpretaci.C3.B3n_das_leis_.28escritas.29"></span>Formas de interpretación das leis (escritas)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lei&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editar a sección: «Formas de interpretación das leis (escritas)»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lei&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Formas de interpretación das leis (escritas)"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Para que se cumpra unha lei, fiscalizar o seu cumprimento ou punir o seu non-cumprimento, é preciso interpretar, entender, o que esta lei significa. </p><p>As formas de interpretación das leis son as seguintes (nota - unha forma de interpretación non exclúe a outra, e tamén non hai unha que sexa máis importante do que a outra): </p> <ul><li>Interpretación literal - busca o sentido preciso, literal, das palabras usadas no texto da lei. Non acepta limitacións ou extensións doutros sentidos que non aparezan de xeito literal no texto legal.</li> <li>Interpretación histórica - busca o sentido que algunhas palabras tiñan cando se creou unha lei. Por exemplo: na frase "todos os homes son iguais perante a lei", a palabra <i>homes</i> non quer dicir que soamente os cidadáns de sexo masculino sexan iguais perante a lei, pero si o sentido histórico da palabra <i><a href="/wiki/Home" title="Home">home</a></i> abrangue todas as persoas, independentes de xénero. Non se pode, nese caso, interpretarse literalmente.</li> <li>Interpretación sistemática - analiza as leis de acordo co Dereito na súa totalidade (sistema xurídico), confrontándoas con outras normas, con principios e con valores prestixiados polo Estado, no momento de aplicalas. Como exemplo, adoptado polo poder <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xudicial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xudicial (a páxina aínda non existe)">xudicial</a> brasileiro: para determinar se procede a redución da pena dun condenado, pódese considerar se o mesmo cooperou coa elucidación doutros crimes, se tivo bo comportamento na cadea, ou se traballou na prisión (son valores que non están expresos nas leis penais, pero que son considerados polos xuíces para aplicar un beneficio previsto nas leis penais brasileiras, neste caso).</li> <li>Interpretación teleolóxica (ou finalística) - busca o fin social da lei, e é a máis incentivada no Dereito <a href="/wiki/Brasil" title="Brasil">brasileiro</a>, conforme o artigo 5º da Lei de Introdución ó <a href="/w/index.php?title=C%C3%B3digo_Civil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Código Civil (a páxina aínda non existe)">Código Civil</a> (LICC): "na aplicación da lei, o xuíz atenderá ós fins sociais a que ela se dirixe e ás esixencias do ben común".</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Principio_da_publicidade_da_lei">Principio da publicidade da lei</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lei&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editar a sección: «Principio da publicidade da lei»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lei&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Principio da publicidade da lei"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Memorial_A309_2016.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Memorial_A309_2016.png/250px-Memorial_A309_2016.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Memorial_A309_2016.png/330px-Memorial_A309_2016.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Memorial_A309_2016.png/500px-Memorial_A309_2016.png 2x" data-file-width="836" data-file-height="301" /></a><figcaption>Os <a href="/w/index.php?title=Diario_oficial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diario oficial (a páxina aínda non existe)">diarios oficiais</a> divulgan a lexislación e demais normas xurídicas. Imaxe da cabeceira do diario oficial do <a href="/wiki/Gran_Ducado_de_Luxemburgo" class="mw-redirect" title="Gran Ducado de Luxemburgo">Gran Ducado de Luxemburgo</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>"Ninguén pode escusarse de cumprir a lei, alegando que non a coñece". Caso ese principio non existise, as leis serían probablemente inoperantes, pois bastaría que os reos alegasen descoñecer unha lei para esquivárense de cumprila. Ese principio é, comprensibelmente, un precepto legal en todo o mundo civilizado. A ignorancia ou a mala interpretación da lei non xustifica a falta do seu cumprimento nin exime as persoas das sancións nelas estabelecidas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vixencia_e_revogación_dunha_lei"><span id="Vixencia_e_revogaci.C3.B3n_dunha_lei"></span>Vixencia e revogación dunha lei</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lei&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editar a sección: «Vixencia e revogación dunha lei»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lei&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Vixencia e revogación dunha lei"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Unha lei debe ser aplicada ata que sexa revogada ou modificada por outra. A revogación pode ser total (abrogación: a lei anterior é totalmente substituída pola nova), ou parcial (derrogación: parte da anterior permanece en vigor). </p><p>En principio, as leis comezan a teren vigor para lexislar sobre casos futuros, e non pasados. Así, a aplicación das leis debe observar tres límites, que teñen como obxectivo aumentar a seguranza xurídica da sociedade: </p> <ul><li>acto xurídico perfecto - é o que xa produciu efectos segundo a lei vixente ó tempo en que se efectuou. Por exemplo: un contrato que seguiu regras dunha lei xa revogada, pero que produciu todos os seus efectos para os contratantes e contratados cando a lei antiga estaba en vigor, non pode ser contestado baixo unha lei posterior.</li> <li>dereitos adquiridos - son aqueles cuxos titulares adquiriron cando unha lei anterior vixía. Por exemplo: se unha lei deu exención de <a href="/wiki/Imposto" title="Imposto">imposto</a> a algúns contribuíntes, e outra posterior revogou esta exención, aqueles contribuíntes beneficiados non poden ser cobrados con referencia ó período en que a lei anterior estaba en vigor.</li> <li>cousa xulgada (caso xulgado) - decisión xudicial baixo o cal non cabe máis recurso, en especial cando é unha decisión que garante un dereito a unha persoa ou unha colectividade.<br />Con todo, cando se trata dunha decisión xudicial que aplica unha punición, en xeral nos países adoptase como regra que unha lei que reduza a pena dun crime beneficia o reo que estaba condenado por unha lei anterior.<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Latvijas_Republikas_Satversme_un_Saeimas_k%C4%81rt%C4%ABbas_rullis_(6285426657).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Latvijas_Republikas_Satversme_un_Saeimas_k%C4%81rt%C4%ABbas_rullis_%286285426657%29.jpg/250px-Latvijas_Republikas_Satversme_un_Saeimas_k%C4%81rt%C4%ABbas_rullis_%286285426657%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Latvijas_Republikas_Satversme_un_Saeimas_k%C4%81rt%C4%ABbas_rullis_%286285426657%29.jpg/330px-Latvijas_Republikas_Satversme_un_Saeimas_k%C4%81rt%C4%ABbas_rullis_%286285426657%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Latvijas_Republikas_Satversme_un_Saeimas_k%C4%81rt%C4%ABbas_rullis_%286285426657%29.jpg/500px-Latvijas_Republikas_Satversme_un_Saeimas_k%C4%81rt%C4%ABbas_rullis_%286285426657%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>As <a href="/wiki/Constituci%C3%B3n" title="Constitución">constitucións</a> son a norma xurídica superior nos sistemas políticos. Na fotografía un exemplar da constitución <a href="/wiki/Letonia" title="Letonia">letoa</a>. </figcaption></figure></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Xerarquía_de_leis"><span id="Xerarqu.C3.ADa_de_leis"></span>Xerarquía de leis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lei&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editar a sección: «Xerarquía de leis»" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lei&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar o código fonte da sección: Xerarquía de leis"><span>editar a fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nos Estados que adoptan <a href="/wiki/Constituci%C3%B3n" title="Constitución">constitucións</a> escritas, as leis presentan unha xerarquía (unha orde de importancia), na cal as de menor grao deben obedecer ás de maior grao. En grao superior a todas está a <a href="/wiki/Constituci%C3%B3n" title="Constitución">Constitución</a> do país, a cal todas as outras leis deben seguir, para que non sexan consideradas inconstitucionais, e, así, deixen de ter eficacia. </p> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Control_de_autoridades" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Control_de_autoridades" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Axuda:Control_de_autoridades" title="Axuda:Control de autoridades">Control de autoridades</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span>: <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q820655" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q820655">Q820655</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Art_%26_Architecture_Thesaurus" title="Art & Architecture Thesaurus">AAT</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300027891">300027891</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_Central_de_Florencia" title="Biblioteca Nacional Central de Florencia">BNCF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=7904">7904</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX528757">XX528757</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Francia" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Francia">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120485802">120485802</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Grande_Enciclopedia_Rusa" title="Grande Enciclopedia Rusa">BRE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/1986171">1986171</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4020660-9">4020660-9</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dicionario_Hist%C3%B3rico_de_Su%C3%ADza" title="Dicionario Histórico de Suíza">HDS</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/de/articles/030903">030903</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85127611">sh85127611</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Dieta" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Dieta">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00563423">00563423</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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